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Transport and Mass Exchange Processes in Sand and Gravel Aquifers: Field and Modelling Studies

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Transport and Mass Exchange Processes in Sand and Gravel Aquifers: Field and Modelling Studies — AECL--10308 ( ) , CA9300978-CA9300997 A- ■■ ' AECL AECL Research Transport and Mass Exchange Processes in Sand and Gravel Aquifers: Field and Modelling Studies G. Moltyaner, Editor Observed 146 </> «144 £ 0142 h Simulated a m o lu 138 136 30 25 metres from source Percent of Input Concentration H H 10-30 ■ 130-50 ■ 150-70 iZZl70-90 M 90-11C Twin Lake Tracer Test Proceedings of the International Conference and Workshop held in Ottawa, Canada October 1 - 4,1990 AECL-10308 Volume 1 Volum e 1 Transport and Mass Exchange Processes in Sand and Gravel Aquifers: Field and Modelling Studies G. Moltyaner, Editor Proceedings of the International Conference and Workshop held in Ottawa, Canada October 1 - 4,1990 CONFERENCE PROGRAM COMMITTEE CONFERENCE CO-SPONSORS Dr. Greg Moltyaner, Me Denis R. LeBlanc AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories Chairperson U.S. Geological Survey Atomic Energy Control Board Chalk River Laboratories Dr. Chack Lee Electric Power Research Institute Dr. Gedeon Dagan Ontario Hydro Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tel-Aviv University National Water Research Institute Dr. Ghislain de Marsily Dr. David L Freyberg Université Piene et Marie Curie Ontario Hydro Stanford University State of Baden - Württemberg Dr. David A. McIntosh U.S. Department of Energy Dr. EmilO. Frind Electrical Power Research Institute U.S. Environmental Protection Agency University of Waterloo Ml Douglas E. Metcalfe U.S. Geological Survey Dr. Stephen P. Garabedian Atomic Energy Control Board U.S. Geological Survey American Geophysical Union Dr. Fred J. Molz Dr. Lynn W. Gelhar Auburn University International Association for Hydraulic Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dr. Shlomo P. Neuman Dr. Robert W. Gillham University of Arizona University of Waterloo Dr. George F. Pinder Dr. Helmut Kobus University of Veimont University of Stuttgart Conference Coordinator Dr. Lenny F. Konikow Mrs. Donna L Ciabbe U.S. Geological Survey Chalk River Laboratories Transport and M an Exchange Processe* in Sand and Gravel Aquifers Gregory Moltyaner, editor Supply & Services - Cat. No. CC5-2/1990E ISBN 0-662-18237-5 Please refer to AECL Number when requesting additional copies of this book from Scientific Documentation Distribution Office, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, KOJ 1J0 Copyright C 1990 by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited International Standard Book Number 0-662-18237-5 AECL Number. AECL-10308 Printed in Canada Price: $43.00 CAN TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE CONTRIBUTORS 1. FIELD STUDIES Transport of Reactive and Nonreactive Solutes: Results of a Natural-Gradient Tracer Test in a Sand and Gravel Aquifer Cape Cod, Massachusetts S.P. Garabedian and D.R. LeBlanc Field Study of Macrodispersion in a Heterogeneous Aquifer 1. Overview of Tracer Experiment J.M. Boggs, S.C. Young and W.R. Waldrop Field Study of Macrodispersion in a Heterogeneous Aquifer 2. Observations of Hydraulic Conductivity Variability J.M. Boggs and K.R. Rehfeldt Field Study of Macrodispersion in a Heterogeneous Aquifer 3. Design of Second Tracer Experiment L.M. Beard, T.B. Stauffer and W.G. MacIntyre A Newly Developed Borehole Flowmeter Technology for Heterogeneous Aquifers S.C. Young The Usefulness of Multi-Well Aquifer Tests in Heterogeneous Aquifers S.C. Young, D.J. Benton, J. Herweiger and P. Sims A Natural Gradient Dispersion Test in a Sandy Aquifer Using Tritium as Tracer K. Bitech and K.H. Jensen Unstable Mixed Convective Transport in Groundwater R A . Schincariol and F.W. Schwartz Some New Hydraulic and Tracer Measurement Techniques for Highly Heterogeneous Aquifer Formations T. Ptak and G. Teutsch Statistical and Geostatistical Analysis of Laboratory and Field Hydraulic Measurements at the "Horkheimer Insel" Field Site H. Schad and G. Teutsch Non-parametric Stochastic Simulation of Groundwater Transport Processes in Highly Heterogeneous Porous Formations G. Teutsch, B. Hofmann and T. Ptak Tritium Migration in the Twin Lake 260-m Natural-gradient Dispersion Test R.W.D. Killey, G.L. Moltyaner and C.A Wills GROUNDWATER TRACERS AND NOVEL FIELD MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES Development of a Light Fibre Fluorometer for In-Situ Tracer Concentration Measurements B. Barczewski and P. Marschall Automatic Monitoring of Radial Injection Tracer Tests Using a Novel Multi-Electrode Resistivity System R.S. Ward, M A Sen, G.M. Williams and P.D. Jackson An Evaluation of Boundary Traditions of Mixing Type for One-Dimensional Mass Transport K. Novakowski PROMISING METHODS AND FIELD MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR QUANTIFYING THE EFFECT OF GEOLOGICAL HETEROGENEITIES ON GROUNDWATER FLOW AND TRANSPORT A Quantitative Geological Study of Heterogeneity: Siena Ladrones Formation, Central New Mexico J.M. Davis and F.M. Philips Tracing Contaminant Pathways in Sandy Heterogeneous Glaciofluvial Sediments Using a Sedimentary Depositional Model E.K. Webb and M.P. Anderson Tracer Study in a Complex Three-Dimensional Flow System L.W. Chambers and J.M. Bahr Dispersion in Geological Media G.L. Moltyaner and CA. Wills NOVEL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE THEORY OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES On Transport in Formations of Large Heterogeneity Scale G. Dagan Temporal and Spatial Moments for Solute Transport in Heterogeneous Porous Media: the Imperfectly Stratified Aquifer R.L. Naff A Stochastic-Bayesian Approach to Modelling of Macrodispersion in Heterogeneous Porous Media Y. Rubin Macrodispersion in Heterogeneous Aquifers: Numerical Experiments HA.M. Quinodoz and AJ. Valocchi A Note of the Roles of Advection, Transverse Dispersion and Longitudinal Dispersion in Three-Dimensional Solute Transport in Porous Media O. Guven and J.S. Hayworth 469 NUMERICAL MODELLING OF TRANSPORT AND MASS EXCHANGE PROCESSES Spatial Variability of Soil Physical Parameters and Stochastic Approach of the Solute Transport O. Banton, J. Jobidon and J-P. Villeneuve 495 Application of the Amoldi Algorithm to Mass Transport in Geological Media W.S. Dunbar and A.D. Woodbury 505 Numerical Tracer Test in a Simulated Heterogeneous Aquifer A.J. Desbaratas 516 Modelling Contaminant Transport in Saturated Aquifers V. Lakshminarayana and T.R. Nayak 534 An Efficient Finite Element Algorithm for Free Convection in Highly Permeable Layered Aquifers H. Daniels and G. Rouve 555 A Multi-Region Approach to Modelling Subsurface Flow J.-P. Gwo, G.-T. Yeh and G.V. Wilson 575 Natural Tracer Test Simulation by Stochastic Particle Tracking Method Ph. Ackerer, R. Mose and K. Semra 595 Analysis and Prediction of Groundwater Pollution in the Vicinity of Waste Disposals by Aid of a Multi-Cell Transport Model P.W. Boochs and R. Mull 605 Three-Dimensional Simulations of Contaminant Plumes in the Sands and Gravels Underlying Radioactive Wastes at the Hanford Site, Washington J. Smoot 620 Three-Dimensional GroundWater Velocity in an Unconfined Aquifer Under Irrigation V. Zlotnik 628 Simulation of the Twin Lake Tracer Tests Using Different Mass Transport Models V. Kaleris, U. Lang, M. Klukas and G.L. Moltyaner 648 Methods for Calculating the Integral-Scale Dispersion Coefficient, with Applications to the Twin Lake Aquifer G.L. Moltyaner and C.A. Wills 677 FIELD AND MODELLING STUDIES OF MASS EXCHANGE PROCESSES Toward a Better Understanding of the Complex Geochemical Processes Governing Subsurface Contaminant Transport R.W. Puls 698 Field Columns - A Complementary or Alternative Method to Large Scale Aquifer Tests D.R. Champ, J.L. Young, J.O. Jirovec and G.L.Moltyaner 713 Long-Lived Radionuclide Transport - An In-Situ Field Column Study D.R. Champ, J.O. Jirovec, J.L. Young and M.Kumata 725 Chemical Controls on Subsurface Radionuclide Transport - A Review of Studies at Chalk River Laboratories K.J. King and R.W.D. Killèy 737 Scaling Relations for Use of Batch Data in Design of Reactive Tracer Tests J.M. Bahr 757 Characterization of Aquifer Heterogeneity in a Complex Fluvial Hydrogeologie System to Evaluate Migration in Ground Water: Field and Modelling Studies F.G. Baker and H.F. Pavlik Estimation of Mass Transport into the River by Regional Groundwater Pollution Using the Inverse Method T. Hayashida and T. Furuichi Mass Transfer Processes and Field-Scale Transport of Organic Solutes M.L. Brusseau Field Experiment on Multicomponent Ionexchange in a Sandy Aquifer P.L. Bjerg, T.H. Christensen and H.C. Ammentorp The Glass Block Site Radionuclide Migration Study - Database Review and Current Studies R.W.D. Killey, D.R. Champ, H. Nakamura and Y. Sakamoto PREFACE "No natural boundaries seem to be set to the effort of man; and in his eyes vhat is not yet done is only vhat he has not yet attempted to do." Alexis de Tocqueville, 1835. The quote eloquently states the progress made over the past decade by the hydrogeological scientific community in the area of large-scale field experiments and mathematical modelling of transport and mass exchange processes. This progress vas the main topic of discussion at the International Conference and Vorkshop on Transport and Mass Exchange Processes in Sand and Gravel Aquifers. The conference vas organized by the AECL Research Company. Financial support was provided by AECL Research (Chalk River Laboratories), Atomic Energy Control Board, Electric Power Research Institute (Land and Water Quality Studies Program), Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Department of Environmental Safety Research), National Vater Research Institute (Groundwater Contamination Project), Ontario Hydro (Civil Engineering and Architecture Department), State of Baden-Vurttemberg, U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Health and Environmental Research), U.S. Environmental
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