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The Wittelsbach-Graff and Hope Diamonds: Not Cut from the Same Rough
THE WITTELSBACH-GRAFF AND HOPE DIAMONDS: NOT CUT FROM THE SAME ROUGH Eloïse Gaillou, Wuyi Wang, Jeffrey E. Post, John M. King, James E. Butler, Alan T. Collins, and Thomas M. Moses Two historic blue diamonds, the Hope and the Wittelsbach-Graff, appeared together for the first time at the Smithsonian Institution in 2010. Both diamonds were apparently purchased in India in the 17th century and later belonged to European royalty. In addition to the parallels in their histo- ries, their comparable color and bright, long-lasting orange-red phosphorescence have led to speculation that these two diamonds might have come from the same piece of rough. Although the diamonds are similar spectroscopically, their dislocation patterns observed with the DiamondView differ in scale and texture, and they do not show the same internal strain features. The results indicate that the two diamonds did not originate from the same crystal, though they likely experienced similar geologic histories. he earliest records of the famous Hope and Adornment (Toison d’Or de la Parure de Couleur) in Wittelsbach-Graff diamonds (figure 1) show 1749, but was stolen in 1792 during the French T them in the possession of prominent Revolution. Twenty years later, a 45.52 ct blue dia- European royal families in the mid-17th century. mond appeared for sale in London and eventually They were undoubtedly mined in India, the world’s became part of the collection of Henry Philip Hope. only commercial source of diamonds at that time. Recent computer modeling studies have established The original ancestor of the Hope diamond was that the Hope diamond was cut from the French an approximately 115 ct stone (the Tavernier Blue) Blue, presumably to disguise its identity after the that Jean-Baptiste Tavernier sold to Louis XIV of theft (Attaway, 2005; Farges et al., 2009; Sucher et France in 1668. -
Gemmologythe Journal of Volume 28 No.7 July 2003
^ GemmologyThe Journal of Volume 28 No.7 July 2003 The Gemmological Association and Gem Testing Laboratory of Great Britain ~ ~. ~ Gemmological Association , ~ '.~ , and Gem Testing Laboratory ~, :~ of Great Britain • 27 Greville Street, London ECIN 8TN Tel: +44 (0)20 7404 3334 Fax: +44 (0)20 7404 8843 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.gem-a.info President: Professor A.T Collins Vice-Presidents: N. W. Deeks, A.E. Farn, RA Howie, D.G. Kent, RK. Mitchell Honorary Fellows: Chen Zhonghui, RA Howie, K. Nassau Honorary Life Members: H . Bank, D.J. Ca llaghan, E.A [obbins, H . Tillander Council of Management: T J. Davidson, RR Harding, I. Mercer, J. Monnickendam, M.J. 0'Donoghue, E. Stern, I. Thomson, Y.P. Watson Members' Council: A J. Allnutt, S. Burgoyne, P. Dwyer-Hickey, S.A Everitt, J. Greatwood, B. Jackson, L. Music, J.B. Nelson, P.J. Wates, CH. Winter Branch Chairmen: Midlands -G.M. Green, North West -D. M. Brady, Scottish - B. Jackson, South Eas t - CH. Winter, South West - RM. Slater Examiners: A J. Allnutt, M.5e., Ph.D., FGA, L. Bartlett, B.5e., M.Ph il., FGA, DGA, S. Coelho, BS e., FGA, DGA, Prof. AT Co llins, BSe., Ph.D, A.G. Good, FGA, DGA, J. Greatwood, FGA, S. Greatwood, FGA, DGA, G.M. Green, FGA, DGA, G.M. Howe, FGA, DGA, S. Hue Williams MA, FGA, DGA , B. Jackson, FGA, DGA, G.H. Jones, BSe., PhD., FGA, Li Li Ping, FGA, DGA, M.A Medniuk, FGA, DGA, M. Newton, BSe. , D.Phil., CJ.E. Oldershaw, BSe. (Hans), FGA, DGA, H.L. -
Exceptional Works of Art 2017 PUSHKIN ANTIQUES – MAYFAIR –
Exceptional works of art 2017 PUSHKIN ANTIQUES – MAYFAIR – At Pushkin Antiques we specialise in unique statement Each item is professionally selected and inspected pieces of antique silver as well as branded luxury items, to ensure we can give our customers a guarantee of stylish interior articles and objects d’art. authenticity and the required peace of mind when buying from us. Since the inception of our company, we’ve been at the forefront of online sales for high end, quality antiques. Our retail gallery is located on the lower floor of the world Our presence on most major platforms has allowed us famous Grays Antiques Centre in the heart of Mayfair. to consistently connect exquisite pieces with the most discerning collectors and interior decorators from all over the world with particular focus on the demands of the markets from the Far East, the Americas, Europe & Russia. www.pushkinantiques.com [email protected] We aim to provide the highest quality in every department: rare hand crafted articles, accurate item descriptions (+44) 02085 544 300 to include the history and provenance of each item, an (+44) 07595 595 079 extensive photography report, as well as a smooth buying process thus facilitating an efficient and pleasant online Shop 111, Lower Ground Floor, Grays Antiques Market. experience. 58 Davies St, London. W1K 5AB, UK. ALEX PUSHKIN OLGA PUSHKINA DUMITRU TIRA Founder & Director Managing Director Photographer Contents 6 ENGLISH SILVER 42 CHINESE SILVER 56 JAPANESE SILVER 66 INDIAN SILVER 78 BURMESE SILVER 86 CONTINENTAL SILVER 100 FRENCH SILVER 108 GERMAN SILVER 118 RUSSIAN SILVER 132 OBJECTS OF VERTU English Silver The style and technique in manufacturing silver during Hester Bateman (1708-1794) was one of the greatest this era (over 100 years) changed radically, reflecting silversmiths operating in this style, she is the most the variations in taste, society, costumes, economic and renowned and appreciated female silversmith of all time. -
Pearl Accessories Operator's Manual
Pearl® Trilogy Accessories Manual CE Marking: This product (model number 5700-DS) is a CE-marked product. For conformity information, contact LI-COR Support at http://www.licor.com/biotechsupport. Outside of the U.S., contact your local sales office or distributor. Notes on Safety LI-COR products have been designed to be safe when operated in the manner described in this manual. The safety of this product cannot be guaranteed if the product is used in any other way than is specified in this manual. The Pearl® Docking Station and Pearl Clean Box is intended to be used by qualified personnel. Read this entire manual before using the Pearl Docking Station and Pearl Clean Box. Equipment Markings: The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for you to refer to the manual or accompanying documents in order to protect against damage to the product. The product is marked with this symbol when a hazardous voltage may be present. Manual Markings: WARNING Warnings must be followed carefully to avoid bodily injury. CAUTION Cautions must be observed to avoid damaging your equipment. NOTE Notes contain additional information and useful tips. IMPORTANT Information of importance to prevent procedural mistakes in the operation of the equipment or related software. Failure to comply may result in a poor experimental outcome but will not cause bodily injury or equipment damage. Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement WARNING: This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause interference to radio communications. -
Medicare Claim Form
Member Reimbursement Claim Form This form may be used for Health Net Medicare products. Important: Complete a separate Member Reimbursement Claim Form for each member *3004* asking for reimbursement for covered services and for each doctor and/or facility. To avoid processing delays, please include the following information with this form: • Copy of itemized bill showing all services received. Must include name, address, phone number, and tax ID number of doctor and/or facility and all diagnosis and procedure codes. • Proof of payment.1 (Keep a copy of all receipts and documents for your records.) • If a member’s representative completes this form, please fill out an Appointment of Representative (AOR) Form and attach it to the submission. Mail all medical claims to: or Mail all behavioral health claims to: Health Net Medicare Claims (Arizona Only) PO Box 3060 MHN Claims Department Farmington, MO 63640-3822 PO Box 14621 Lexington, KY 40512-4621 Any missing information may cause a delay in processing your request. Section 1: Member information – Please complete a separate form for each person who received services: Last name: First name: Middle initial: Member ID #: Birth date: MMDDYYYY Home phone number: Email address: – – Address: City: State: ZIP code: (continued) 1“Proof of Payment” includes, but is not limited to: a copy of the credit card charge slip, a cruise ship statement, canceled checks, a bank account statement, cash withdraw slips, or anything else that shows dates that match the medical service date. A valid receipt or doctor’s statement is also acceptable if it shows the amount the member paid. -
Turquoise: the Cerrillos Mineral Gem
A Living History Museum Turquoise: The Cerrillos Mineral Gem The mines of Cerrillos, New Mexico produce a particularly beautiful blue/ green variety of turquoise, so stunning in fact that they have been mined for roughly the last 3,000 years! Chemically, it is a phosphate of aluminum carrying small quantities of copper and iron and a green mineral, variscite. These give the gemstone its color as well as its value and beauty. This is the only phosphate that is considered a precious stone. Ancestral Puebloans first started mining the Cerrillos hills circa 900 BCE, and it’s been mined ever since. This “gem” of a mineral has been found across the state, and archaeological evidence shows it’s been mined and fashioned into ornaments and jewelry for centuries, with remnants found at one of the most ancient sites in the state, Chetro Ketl at Chaco Canyon. Southwest indigenous groups call turquoise chalchihuitl, as did the ancient peoples of Mexico and Central America who used the same word to describe jade or green turquoise. One of the hills still being mined in Cerrillos still bears the name, Mount Chalchihuitl. Combined with shell and coral from the California coast acquired in trade, turquoise jewelry itself became a valued commodity. Spanish settlers didn’t have much interest in turquoise as they were looking for what they considered a more important prize, namely gold and silver. In fact, outside of local indigenous groups, other cultural groups weren’t much interested in it and it didn’t really gain popularity with the American cultural at large until the 1890s. -
Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina by W
.'.' .., Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina By W. F. Wilson and B. J. McKenzie RUTILE GUMMITE IN GARNET RUBY CORUNDUM GOLD TORBERNITE GARNET IN MICA ANATASE RUTILE AJTUNITE AND TORBERNITE THULITE AND PYRITE MONAZITE EMERALD CUPRITE SMOKY QUARTZ ZIRCON TORBERNITE ~/ UBRAR'l USE ONLV ,~O NOT REMOVE. fROM LIBRARY N. C. GEOLOGICAL SUHVEY Information Circular 24 Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina By W. F. Wilson and B. J. McKenzie Raleigh 1978 Second Printing 1980. Additional copies of this publication may be obtained from: North CarOlina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development Geological Survey Section P. O. Box 27687 ~ Raleigh. N. C. 27611 1823 --~- GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SECTION The Geological Survey Section shall, by law"...make such exami nation, survey, and mapping of the geology, mineralogy, and topo graphy of the state, including their industrial and economic utilization as it may consider necessary." In carrying out its duties under this law, the section promotes the wise conservation and use of mineral resources by industry, commerce, agriculture, and other governmental agencies for the general welfare of the citizens of North Carolina. The Section conducts a number of basic and applied research projects in environmental resource planning, mineral resource explora tion, mineral statistics, and systematic geologic mapping. Services constitute a major portion ofthe Sections's activities and include identi fying rock and mineral samples submitted by the citizens of the state and providing consulting services and specially prepared reports to other agencies that require geological information. The Geological Survey Section publishes results of research in a series of Bulletins, Economic Papers, Information Circulars, Educa tional Series, Geologic Maps, and Special Publications. -
Turquoise and Pearl Antique Victorian Pin, PN-2973 Like Pale Blue Skies
Turquoise and Pearl Antique Victorian Pin, PN-2973 Like pale blue skies dappled with silver-lined clouds, this turquoise and pearl antique Victorian pin shimmers with soft color. The twelve gems that cascade down this Victorian brooch alternate between round cabochon turquoises and round half pearls for a total of six of each. The pearls range in color from dark silver to cream. A 14k yellow gold setting showcases these gemstones. Circa 1885 Item # pn2973 Metal 14 karat yellow gold Circa 1885 Weight in grams 1.22 Period or Style Victorian Gemstone name Natural Turquoise Gemstone cut or shape Round Cabochon Gemstone carat weight N/A Gemstone mm measurements 2.0 Gemstone hue Greenish Blue Gemstone tone 4-Medium Light Gemstone saturation 5-Strong Gemstone # of stones 6 Number of pearls 6 Pearl shape Round Half Pearls Pearl size 2.0 Pearl color Dark Silver White and Cream White Pearl overtone None Other pearl info Natural Half Pearls Length 26.8 mm [1.05 in] Width of widest point 3.66 mm [0.14 in] Important Jewelry Information Each antique and vintage jewelry piece is sent off site to be evaluated by an appraiser who is not a Topazery employee and who has earned the GIA Graduate Gemologist diploma as well as the title of AGS Certified Gemologist Appraiser. The gemologist/appraiser's report is included on the Detail Page for each jewelry piece. An appraisal is not included with your purchase but we are pleased to provide one upon request at the time of purchase and for an additional fee. -
A Gallery of This Issue's Contributors
JUDY HOCH’S Blue Reflection Brooch Rutilated quartz and lapis doublet, sterling silver, 18K gold THEIR “Hinged Ring with Cabochon,” page 46 a gallery of this issue’s contributors “Construct Your Own Portable Draw Bench,” page 51 “Drawing Down Tubing,” page 52 PHOTO: EMIKO OYE TURN Doer’s Profile, page 80 PHOTO: SUSAN SLIGAR SUSAN PHOTO: ANDREA JANOSIK’S EMIKO OYE’S Pink/Red Swirl Necklace La Reine de Pèlerin Fabricated and oxidized sterling Necklace, Version 2 silver and rolled leather Repurposed and recycled LEGO®, “Leather, Paper or Plastic?” Argentium® sterling silver, coated Page 28 copper wire, coated steel cable “Leather, Paper or PHOTO: JUDY HOCH JUDY PHOTO: Plastic?” Page 28 PHOTO: MAIKE PAUL SUSAN SLIGAR’S Bertrandite Pendulum Necklace Bertrandite, amethyst, freshwater pearl, sterling silver “Find Your Own Second Opinion,” page 54 PHOTO: ROBERT DIAMANTE ROBERT PHOTO: PHOTO: JIM LAWSON PHOTO: PAM LEVIN’S MICHAEL DAVID STURLIN’S JEFF Turquoise and Leather Cuff Ring to Brighten a Rainy Day FULKERSON’S Sterling silver, turquoise, buffalo Yellow and white gold, pink and green calf leather, cow leather with an Scaling New tourmaline, diamond acid wash Heights Bracelet Jewelry artist “Find Your Own Second Opinion” “K2, Silver and Leather Sterling silver, black jade, )( Page 54 fossil ivory, fossilized Bracelet” Page 20 dinosaur bone, petrified PHOTO: KELLY OBERREIT KELLY PHOTO: wood, copper, Picasso KELLY OBERREIT’S marble Domed Wave Pendant WANT TO CONTRIBUTE? “Stamped Flower Cuff” Share your expertise with other readers PHOTO: JEFF FULKERSON Page 42 Fine silver, sterling silver sheet, white gold prongs, blue topaz, ? in a project, demo, or article and you’ll be blue sapphires invited to show an example of your work here. -
Cultured a Balone Blister Pearls from New Zealand
CULTU RED ABALONE BLISTER PEARLS FROM NEW ZEA LAND By Cheryl Y. Wentzell The successful culturing of abalone pearls balone pearls are highly prized for their rarity, has been known since French scientist dynamic colors, and remarkable iridescence. Louis Boutan’s experimentation in the late Their unusual shapes—often conica l—and 1890s, but commercial production has Apotentially large sizes make these pearls especially well suit - been achieved only in recent decades. The ed for designer jewelry. The beauty of these rare pearls has use of New Zealand’s Haliotis iris , with its spawned several attempts at culturing, recorded as far back colorful and iridescent nacre, has had the as the late 19th century. However, these early attempts strongest recent impact on this industry. Empress Abalone Ltd. is producing large, encountered many obstacles. Only recently have researchers attractive cultured blister pearls in H. iris . begun to overcome the challenges and difficulties presented The first commercial harvest in 1997 yield - by abalone pearl culture. One company, Empress Abalone ed approximately 6,000 jewelry-quality Ltd. of Christchurch, New Zealand, is successfully culturing cultured blister pearls, 9–20 mm in diame - brightly colored blister pearls within New Zealand’s ter, with vibrant blue, green, purple, and Haliotis iris (figure 1). These assembled cultured blister pink hues. Examination of 22 samples of pearls are marketed under the international trademark, this material by standard gemological and Empress Pearl © (or Empress Abalone Pearl © in the U.S.). The advanced testing methods revealed that company is also pursuing the commercial production of the presence and thicknesses of the conchi - whole spherical cultured abalone pearls. -
Winter 1998 Gems & Gemology
WINTER 1998 VOLUME 34 NO. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 243 LETTERS FEATURE ARTICLES 246 Characterizing Natural-Color Type IIb Blue Diamonds John M. King, Thomas M. Moses, James E. Shigley, Christopher M. Welbourn, Simon C. Lawson, and Martin Cooper pg. 247 270 Fingerprinting of Two Diamonds Cut from the Same Rough Ichiro Sunagawa, Toshikazu Yasuda, and Hideaki Fukushima NOTES AND NEW TECHNIQUES 281 Barite Inclusions in Fluorite John I. Koivula and Shane Elen pg. 271 REGULAR FEATURES 284 Gem Trade Lab Notes 290 Gem News 303 Book Reviews 306 Gemological Abstracts 314 1998 Index pg. 281 pg. 298 ABOUT THE COVER: Blue diamonds are among the rarest and most highly valued of gemstones. The lead article in this issue examines the history, sources, and gemological characteristics of these diamonds, as well as their distinctive color appearance. Rela- tionships between their color, clarity, and other properties were derived from hundreds of samples—including such famous blue diamonds as the Hope and the Blue Heart (or Unzue Blue)—that were studied at the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory over the past several years. The diamonds shown here range from 0.69 to 2.03 ct. Photo © Harold & Erica Van Pelt––Photographers, Los Angeles, California. Color separations for Gems & Gemology are by Pacific Color, Carlsbad, California. Printing is by Fry Communications, Inc., Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. © 1998 Gemological Institute of America All rights reserved. ISSN 0016-626X GIA “Cut” Report Flawed? The long-awaited GIA report on the ray-tracing analysis of round brilliant diamonds appeared in the Fall 1998 Gems & Gemology (“Modeling the Appearance of the Round Brilliant Cut Diamond: An Analysis of Brilliance,” by T. -
Two Treated-Color Synthetic Red Diamonds Seen in the Trade
Two TREATED-COLORSYNTHETIC RED DIAMONDSSEEN IN THE TRADE By Thomas M.Moses, llene Reinitz, Emmanuel Fritsch, andJames E. Shigley - - -- -- -- Two dark brownish red faceted stones, recently submitted to the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory for standard origin-of-color reports, were found to be treat- ed synthetic diamonds. This conclusion was based on observations of: patterns of zoned color, U.V. luminescence, and graining; metallic inclu- sions; and certain bands in the visible- and infrared-range absorption spec- tra. We believe that this is one of the first published reports of treated-color synthetic diamonds seen asfaceted gems. For some of the gemological features desen3ed here, such as visible-grangespectra with sharp absorption bands, this is one of the first reported occurrences in gemquality synthetic diamonds. In early July 1993, a diamond dealer submitted a 0.55- gemological properties indicated that both had been ct dark brownish orangy red diamond (figure 1, left) to color enhanced subsequent to synthesis. the New York office of the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory To date, the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory has (GIA GTL) for a standard origin-of-color report. examined only a very few faceted synthetic diamonds According to the client, this round brilliant-cut stone that were submitted by members of the jewelry indus- had been obtained on memo from a dealer in Bombay, try for a laboratory report (see also the brief mention India. In September, a 0.43-ct dark brownish red "radi- of GIA GTL's examination of a 0.23-ct faceted ant1'-cut diamond (figure 1, right) was submitted in S~~rnitoinosynthetic yellow diamond in Fryer, 1987).