DOCSLIB.ORG

Jamaican Prime Minister Dies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jamaican Prime Minister Dies In Memorium Special Edition By The U. S. NAVAL BASE, GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA Wednesday, Aprij 12, 1967 Jamaican Prime Minister Dies Sir Donald Sangster 1911 - 1967 PAGE 2 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 12, 1967 GITMO GAZETTE SIR DONALD SANGSTER was born in Kingston on MONTREAL (AP) PRIME MINISTER DONALD SANGSTER October 28, 1911. He grew up in the county of of Jamaica died yesterday in the Montreal Neu- St. Elizabeth, on Jamaica's south coast,,where rological Institute where he had been fighting his family owned a cattle "pen", as a ranch is a losing battle against a brain hemorrhage. known on the island. The pen is still owned A Jamaican government announcement said Sir and run by the Sangster family. Donald died at 12:45 p,m. He did not awaken He was the son of the late W.B. Sangster who from a coma into which he lapsed April 1st. was a commissioned land surveyor. Funeral arrangements were announced immedi- A graduate of Munro College in Jamaica, he ately. later qualified as a solicitor (lawyer) after Vincent McFarlane, Jamaican High Commission- studying law in the offices of a Kingston so- er to Canada who had maintained a vigil near licitor for five years. Sir Donald's bedside, said ii a statement the In 1933 Sangster's political career began as Prime Minister was a"statesman of world repute he was elected to the council of St. Elizabeth whose contributions at international conferen- Parish, a post he held successfully until ces were balanced and constructive." 1955. "The government of Jamaica has suffered a His first venture into national politics came grevious loss," he said. in 1944 when he ran for a seat in the House of Near the Prime Minister's side at the end Representatives. Running as an independent, was McFarlane, Hector Wynter, Minister of State 0 he was defeated. in the Jamaica Education Department,Tris Sang- 1949 found Sangster's hat in the ring again, ster, his aunt, and Mrs. Donald Kennedy of this time as a member of the fledgling Jamai- Toronto, a niece. can Labor Party. Under the leadership of Sir Sir Donald, the youngest Prime Minister ever Alexander Bustamante, Sangster and other mem- to hold office in Jamaica when held his Labor bers of the JPL were elected to the House. Party to victory earlier this year, was known Later that year, Bustamante named Sangster as one of the best Parliamentarians ever pro- to his cabinet as Misister of Social Welfare duced in the Caribbean country. and in 1950 he became the Deputy Prime Minis- He fell ill March 18th with what was first ter. believed to be a stomach upset but was later Sangster was chosen as the first Minister of diagnosed by Montreal specialists as "'Intra- Finance in 1953 and held the post until 1955 cranial bleeding"--or brain hemorrhage brought when the JPL was voted out of office. on by high blood pressure. Despite his party's defeat in 1955, Sangster He had been in a coma since April 1 at the was returned to the House and was considered Montreal Neurological Institute where he was by many as a very effective leader of the op- flown from the Caribbean March 21 for treat- position. In October of 1961 he was appointed ment. to the Select Committee to set up a new con- Sangster. last Friday was created a knight stitution for an independent Jamaica. after premature disclosure of the honor by one He was considered strongly pro-American and, of his government ministers. as deputy leader of his party, he considered Hector Wynter, Minister of State in Jamai- himself "in the middle"--neither r-ight nor ca's Education Ministry, told newsmen in Mon- left. treal that Sangster had been knighted by Queen A warm supporter of the West Indies Federa- Elizabeth II the day before. He said the hon- tion, he found himself in conflict with his or was to have been announced in the June party's views on Jamaican membership before birthday honors list but was pushed forward by the September 1961 .Referendum brought about Sangster's grave condition. his country's secession. The knighthood had in fact been arranged, Jamaica achieved full independence in 1962 but there was some question of whetherit would and Sir Alexander returned to power with Sang- have been conferred at all because Sangster ster,his chief aide. As Bustamante found him- was not expected to live until June. Post- self increasingly handicapped by failing age humous knighthoods are rarely if ever awarded. and a series of strokes, Sangster assumed more The announcement of the award was made by and more responsibility. the Palace Friday afternoon. He was imediath-- With Bustamante forced into retirement, the ly created a Knight of the Royal Victorian Jamaican people elected a new government for Order. It is the only Order within the Queen's the first time and Sangster defeated the long- personal gift and is made Er personal services time opposition leader Norman Manley. to her. Sangster took office on February 22nd of As acting Prime Minister, Sangster had been this year. He was a member of thy Anglican in charge of the Royal visit to Jamaica in Church and a bachelor. March, 1966. (Continued on page 4) W GITMO GAZETTE MIERCOLES, 2 DE ABRIL, 1967 PAGINA 3 Sir Donald B. Sangster Aacio en Kingston al MONTREAL (AP) EL PRIMER MINISTRO de Jamaica, 28 de Octubre del ago 1911. Paso su ninez en Donald Sangster fallecio hoy en el Instituto el Condado de St. Elizabeth en la costa Sur de Neurologico de Montreal donde estuvo luchando Jamaica donde su familia son duefos de una va- contra una hemorragia cerebral que le causo la queria. muerte. Era hijo de W. B. Sangster un famoso agri- El Gobierno de Jamaica dijo oficialmente que memsor. Se graduo el Colegio Munro de Jamaica Sir Donald Sangster fallecio a las 12:45 des- de donde obtuvo el titulo de abogado y practi- pues de haber permanecido en estado comatoso co leyes en una oficina de Kingston por cinco desde el primero de Abril. aios. Inicio su carrera politica en el ago Inmediatamente se anunciaron los arreglos 1933 cuando fue electo al Concejo del Condado funerales. St. Elizabeth donde se mantuvo activo hasta el El Alto Comisionado JamaiquiFo al Canada, afto 1955. Vicent McFarlane quien se mantuvo en vigilia Su primera aventura en Politica Nacional la durante la gravidad de Sangster, dijo que el inicio en el ago 1944 cuando se presento como Primer Ministro era un estadista de reputation candidato independiente para un escano en la mundial cuya contribucion a las conferencias Camara Baja, y fue derrotado. internacionales fueron balanceadas y construc- En el alo 1949 lanzo su sombrero al ruedo tivas. pero esta vez respaldado por el Partido Labor- Arego "que el Gobierno Jamaiquino6 ha sufri- ista. Bajo el liderato de Sir Alexander Bus- do una irreparable perdida." tamate, Sangster y otros miembros del Partido Junto a la cabecera del Primer Ministro en Laborista fueron electos a la Camara Baja. union a McFarlane estaba Hector Wynter, Minis- Mas tarde en el mismo ado, Bustanamte nombro tro Educacional del Gobierno Jamaiquigo, Iris a Sangster como miembro de Gabinete para ocu- Sangster tia del fenecido y la Sra. Donald par la cartera de Ministro de Bienestar Publi- Kennedy y una sobrina. co y en el ago 1950 llego a ser diputado Pri- Donald Sangster, el Primer Minister mas j6- mer Ministro. ven que haya tenido Jamaica cuando encabezo y En el ago 1953 Sangster fue seleccionado llevo a la victoria al Partido Laborista este O como el Primer Minister de Finanzas donde se aio, era conocido como uno de los parlamentar- mantuvo hastael ago 1955 cuando fue derrotado. istas mas destacado de la Isla del Caribe. A pesar de su derrota, Sangster regreso a la Cayo enfermo el 18 de Marzo de 10 que se Camara Baja y fue considerado por muchos como creyo en principio era una afeccion estomacal el lider mas efectivo contra la oposicion. En pero los especialistas en Montreal dignostica- Octubre del a~o 1961 fue nombrado al "Comite ron que el asunto era mas serio "una hemorra- Selectivo" para la redaccion de una Nueva Con- gia cerebral" de la cualno pudo levantar desde stituvion para una Jamaica Libre. el primero de Abril cuando entro en estado co- Era considerado como un fuerte admirador de matoso. America del Norte y como lider diputado de su Hector Wynter, Miditro de Educacion del Go- partido se mantenia neutralista. Fue un gran bierno Jamaiquino le dijo a un periodista en admirador y simpatizante de la Federacion de Montreal, que a Sangster se le habia conferido Las Indias Occidentales y debido a ello cayo el honor de ser nombrado "CABELLERO DE LA REAL en conflicto contra los punts de vista de su ORDEN VICTORIANA", por su Majesdad LA RIENA partido especialmente antes de Septiembre del ISABEL 11 el dia antes de morir. Desde luego affo 1961 cuando el Referendum de Secesion de este honor debio de habers-! dado a la publici- su pais. dad el proximo mes de Junio pero debido a la Jamaica conquisto su Independencia en el gravidad de Sangster y sin esperanzas de que aio 1962 y Sir Alexander Bustamamte regreso al pudiera estar con vida para el mes de Junio poder con Sangster como su ayudante principal. tal honor fue adelantado y se le concedio. Como Bustamante ya iba en decadencia debido a Postumamente serge conocido en la historia como la edad y su salud, Sangster asumo mas I mas "Sir Donald B.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shearer: Man for the Masses
    National Library of Jamaica P.SA Sunday Herald LABOUR September 28-0ctober 4, 2003 . I ,-\ Sk f� . � \ Shearer: an for the masses . e has been an integral part Bustamante founded the first trade union Hof the labour movement in in the Caribb�n, the BITU. Th union was Jamaica for decades, champi­ the organisation that gave birth to the movement whic� founded the Jamaica oning the cause of the down­ Labour Party (JLP). Throughout the past trodden workers in their cry for five decades the BITU has remained com­ justice, decent wages and work­ mitted to upholding the mandate upon ing conditions fit for human which it was formed - that is to facilitate beings. Yet, Hugh Shearer it a better standards of living and opportu­ seems, is a man who remains in nities for the people of Jamaica. Today the shadow. A formidable man, the BITU is recognised as the largest his role has constantly evolved labour union in the English-speaking through the years to meet the Caribbean. It continues to increase its ser­ vice to all sections of workers in Jamaica, needs of whatever position or defending their interests not only in challenge he assumes. But what improved wages, but also the welfare of do we know of him and where each worker. did his spirit of giving com­ mence? Distinguished career Born Hugh Lawson Shearer on May Hugh Lawson Shearer 18, 1923 in Martha Brae, Trelawny, he Shearer has had a distinguished career, role of Jamaica's chief spokesman on for­ grew up close to the sugar and banana particularly as a negotiator and was eign affairs as deputy chief of mission at areas of his parish, hence his love of the recognised as the JLP spokesman for the the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Donald Sangster Goes to Final Sleep
    22-DAY COMATOSE I. INB'l'I'tU'i'E oF J'A.)U l!lJT INDIA REFEl�NCE LlBBf'/GHT FOR LIFE ENDS IN MONTREAL S ir Donald Sangster is dead. Jamaica's se­ cond Prime Minister, and its first elected since Indepe ndence, died at 12.45 ·p.m. yes­ terday in the Mont real Neurological In s t i­ tute, Canada, where his strong constitution had been fighting a lo�ing batt I e against brain haemorrhage since March 22. Death came to Donald Burns Sangster, the quiet, unassuming Jamaican who rose to the highest position in the land, just four days after he had been knighted by the Queen and less than two months after he finallv became Prime Minister of Jamaica in his own right. An. atiiRO'Uncement UJsued m .M.mtreal - and in Kutgston. - by the Gooemment of Jamaica told a waiting world tlw.t Sitr Donald had died. He did not awaken. from the coma into which he had le.p¥d o1\ Api't! 1. So came to an end the long and gallant struggle which Sir Donald had put • up for life, after being stricken at Newcastle, in the hills above Kingston, on March 18. Rushed to Canada two days later, he lay critically ill for 20 days, attended by a team of medical specialists. For 34 years, the 55-year-old bachelor lawyer served Jamaica. Twenty of thoseyears were served under the leaden.hip of Sir Alexander Bustamante, dominant figure on the Jamaican political scene since 1938. It was faithful, Joyal, uncomplaining service.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Jamaica: Forty Years of Independence
    Revista Mexicana del Caribe ISSN: 1405-2962 [email protected] Universidad de Quintana Roo México Mcnish, Vilma Jamaica: Forty years of independence Revista Mexicana del Caribe, vol. VII, núm. 13, 2002, pp. 181-210 Universidad de Quintana Roo Chetumal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=12801307 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 190/VILMAMCNISH INTRODUCTION ortyyearsagoonAugust6,1962Jamaicabecamean F independentandsovereignnationaftermorethan300 hundredyearsofcolonialismundertheBritishEmpire.Inthein- ternationalcontext,Jamaicaisarelativelyyoungcountry.Indeed, incontrasttothecountriesinLatinAmerica,Jamaicaandthe othercountriesoftheEnglish-speakingCaribbean,allformercolo- niesofGreatBritain,onlybecameindependentinthesecondhalf ofthe20thcentury.UnliketheirSpanish-speakingneighboursthere- fore,noneoftheseterritorieshadthedistinctionofbeingfound- ingmembersofeithertheUnitedNationsorthehemispheric bodytheOrganisationofAmericanStates. Thepurposeofmypresentationistopresentanoverview,a perspectiveofthepolitical,economicandculturaldevelopment ofJamaicaoverthesefortyyears.Butbeforedoingso,Ithinkit isimportanttoprovideahistoricalcontexttomodernJamaica. SoIwillstartwithabriefhistoryofJamaica,tracingthetrajec- toryofconquest,settlementandcolonisationtoemancipation, independenceandnationhood.
    [Show full text]
  • Demeaned but Empowered: the Social Power of the Urban Poor in Jamaica / Obika Gray
    DemeanedEmpowered.qxd 4/15/2004 12:30 PM Page i Demeaned but Empowered This page intentionally left blank DemeanedEmpowered.qxd 4/15/2004 12:30 PM Page iii Demeaned but Empowered The Social Power of the Urban Poor in Jamaica Obika Gray University of the West Indies Press Jamaica Barbados Trinidad and Tobago DemeanedEmpowered.qxd 4/15/2004 12:30 PM Page iv University of the West Indies Press 1A Aqueduct Flats Mona Kingston 7 Jamaica www.uwipress.com ©2004 by The University of the West Indies Press All rights reserved. Published 2004 08 07 06 05 04 5 4 3 2 1 CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA Gray,Obika Demeaned but empowered: the social power of the urban poor in Jamaica / Obika Gray p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN: 976-640-153-5 1. Urban poor – Jamaica – Political activity.2. Urban poor – Jamaica – Social activity.3. Patronage, Political – Jamaica. 4. Community power – Jamaica. 5. Crime – Jamaica. I.Title. HV4063A5G72 2004 364.2'56'21 dc-21 Cover photo by Phillip Harris Book and cover design by Robert Harris. Set in Bembo 11/14 x 24 Printed in Canada. DemeanedEmpowered.qxd 4/15/2004 12:30 PM Page v To Osonye This page intentionally left blank DemeanedEmpowered.qxd 4/15/2004 12:30 PM Page vii Contents Acknowledgements / viii List of Abbreviations / xi 1 Rethinking Power: Political Clientelism and Political Subordination in Jamaica / 1 2 A Fateful Alliance / 23 3 Fulcrums of Power in the Ghetto / 53 4 Exilic Space, Moral Culture and Social Identity in the Ghetto / 91 5 Badness-Honour and the Invigorated Authority of the Urban
    [Show full text]
  • Modes of Address in the Jamaican Order of Precedence
    MODES OF ADDRESS IN THE JAMAICAN ORDER OF PRECEDENCE 1 CONTENTS The Head of State -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3-5 The Queen The Governor-General The Head of Government -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 The Prime Minister Ministers of Government -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------8-9 The Deputy Prime Minister Cabinet Ministers Ministers of State The Leader of the Opposition -------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 The Senate--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11-12 The President of the Senate Members of the Senate Members of the House of Representatives ------------------------------------------------------------13-15 The Speaker of the House of Representatives Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives The Attorney General Former Governors-General --------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 Former Prime Ministers --------------------------------------------------------------------------------17-18 The Judiciary--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19-21 The Chief Justice The President of the Court of Appeal Judges of the Court of Appeal, Supreme Court and Parish Courts Members of the Privy Council President of the Jamaica Council of Churches----------------------------------------------------------22
    [Show full text]
  • Bustamante Industrial Trade Union (Bitu)
    BBUUSSTTAAMMAANNTTEE IINNDDUUSSTTRRIIAALL TTRRAADDEE UUNNIIOONN ((BBIITTUU)) TRIBUTE FUNERAL OF LADY GLADYS MAUD BUSTAMANTE Sts. Peter and Paul Roman Catholic Church Liguanea Saturday, August 8, 2009 The recent death of our Honorary Trustee and Treasurer, Lady Gladys Maud Bustamante, widow of the Jamaican National Hero and Founder of the BITU, the Rt. Excellent Sir Alexander Bustamante, has saddened us greatly. However, as it is said, “every cloud has a silver lining”, and we think it pertinent to honour Lady B’s memory by reflecting and celebrating the positive side; the side that has reignited public interest in the role of women in our Trade Unions. Despite the sorrow which engulfs us today as we lay to rest our Founding Mother, Lady Bustamante, the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union (BITU) is honoured that the name of our union is associated with two of the most illustrious Jamaicans:- The late National Hero and Jamaica’s first Prime Minister, the Rt. Excellent Sir Alexander Bustamante, our founder, and his widow, the Most Hon. Lady Gladys Bustamante, our co-founder. We owe it to them today, that we can proudly wave our flag and sing our anthem, unashamedly, and also be assured that the rest of the world respects us for that. In her own right, Lady Bustamante can be regarded as a heroine of the labour movement, as she has served for more than 60 years in the movement as a strong friend and supporter of the workers. Lady B had a personality that never changed. She has talked with crowds, and kept her virtue; walked with Kings and not lose the common touch.
    [Show full text]
  • Edward Seaga
    COVER FEATURE WEST INDIAN MAN OF THE YEAR Edward SeO · g Man who - � Turned Jamaica Around A feature written specially for the Bajan on its choice of West Indian Man of the Year by Hubert Williams, Chief Editor of CANA, based on an interview with Jamaica's Prime Minister Mr. �Edward Seaga. Edward Seaga lea�es nothing to chance. Socialist Manley. And it is on the basis of his And as he moves to shape the destiny of efforts to arrest Jamaica's economic spin Jamaica, this disquietingly intense man and turn the country around that the Prime intends to apply to the challenges of govern- Minister has won, hands down, this ment the same cool. calculating deliberate- magazine's nomination as its West Indian ness that won him acknowledgement from "Man of the Year 1981". friend and foe alike as the finest ever The Jamaican leader's origins make a Jamaica's Prime Minister Edward Seaga. Finance Minister the island has ever had. fascinating mix. Born in the United States, '�ill a Policy of Head-Over-Heart Put the Economy Firmly Seaga believes that one sure way of nearly Caucasian, married to a Black avoiding dangerous political pitfalls as well ".Jamaican beauty (Miss Jamaica 1964), Back on Its Feet? as economic and social chaos, is never to crown prince of the proletariat's Tivoli allow the 'heart' to rule the 'head'. It is a Gardens in West Kingston and yet the hope Seaga has himself remarked on the differ­ tested formula for success at the personal of big business.
    [Show full text]
  • A Titan Goes: Hugh Shearer Calls It a Day. by Grace Virtue. Sunday
    A Titan goes: Hugh Shearer calls it a day by GRACE VIRTUE the headquarters of the Law of tight race, Mr. Shearer was cho­ Gleaner Staff Writer the Sea Authority. Though this sen by his party to succeed the is not yet finalised, it is a quest Prime Minister over Robert "I CANNOT allow the govern­ which could have considerable Lightbourne and Clem Tavares. ment to be bullied by any group impact on Jamaica in both do­ Mr. Shearer's success was the whether do-gooders, noise-mak­ mestic and foreign affairs. realization of a dream for Sir ers, ologists or gatherers," said Indeed Hugh Shearer can Alexander Bustamante who had Prime Minister of Jamaica Hugh claim glory, if he wishes, and not long identified him as his son Lawson Shearer in 1968. the hasty and empty type of and heir apparent. Rumours say Later that year, he told a which he warned youn::- Jamai­ that on one occassion Sir Alex­ group of dentists planning to cans to guard against. He has ander was upset with his Cabinet migrate that "glory achieved in spent nearly all of his 70 years in on the handling of a particular haste is an empty achievment." service to his country and in issue. The old man looked past "This is our country. Leaving pursuit of the great future which Donald Sangster, Robert Ligt­ it means you are depriving it of he envisioned for his island bourne and Tavares, all rivals to the talents and service needed home and the greater world succeed him, then at the young­ for its development and giving it community.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 NATIONAL MONUMENTS CLARENDON Buildings Of
    NATIONAL MONUMENTS CLARENDON Buildings of Architectural and Historic Interest Halse Hall Great House (Declared 28/11/2002) Churches, Cemeteries, Tombs St. Peter’s Church, Alley (Declared 30/03/2000) Clock Towers May Pen Clock Tower (Declared 15/03/2001) Natural Sites Milk River Spa (Declared 13/09/1990) HANOVER Buildings of Architectural and Historic Interest Barbican Estate (Declared 16/12/1993) Tamarind Lodge (Declared 15/07/1993) Old Hanover Gaol/Old Police Barracks, Lucea (Declared 19/03/1992) Tryall Great House and Ruins of Sugar Works (Declared 13/09/1990) Forts and Naval and Military Monuments Fort Charlotte, Lucea (Declared 19/03/1992) Historic Sites Blenheim – Birthplace of National Hero – The Rt. Excellent Sir Alexander Bustamante (Declared 05/11/1992) KINGSTON Buildings of Architectural and Historic Interest 40 Harbour Street (Declared 10/12/1998) Headquarters House, Duke Street (Declared 07/01/2000) Kingston Railway Station, Barry Street (Declared 04/03/2003) The Admiralty Houses, Port Royal (Declared 05/11/1992) Churches, Cemeteries, Tombs Coke Methodist Church, East Parade (Declared 07/01/2000) East Queen Street Baptist Church, East Queen Street (Declared 29/10/2009) Holy Trinity Cathedral, North Street (Declared 07/01/2000) Kingston Parish Church, South Parade (Declared 04/03/2003) Wesley Methodist Church, Tower Street (Declared 10/12/1998) Old Jewish Cemetery, Hunts Bay (Declared 15/07/1993) 1 Forts and Naval and Military Monuments Fort Charles, Port Royal (Declared 31/12/1992) Historic Sites Liberty Hall, 76 King Street (Declared 05/11/1992) Public Buildings Ward Theatre, North Parade (Declared 07/01/2000) Statues and Other Memorials Bust of General Antonio Maceo, National Heroes Park (Declared 07/01/2000) Cenotaph, National Heroes Park (Declared 07/01/2000) Negro Aroused, Ocean Boulevard (Declared 13/04/1995) Monument to Rt.
    [Show full text]
  • LOGISTIC NOTE VII Regional Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in the Americas and the Caribbean (RP20)
    BUILDING RESILIENT ECONOMIES IN THE AMERICAS ANDLOGISTIC THE CARIBBEAN VII Regional Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in the Americas and the Caribbean (RP20) NOTE Building Resilient Economies in the Americas and the Caribbean JULY 8-10, 2020, MONTEGO BAY, JAMAICA LOGISTIC NOTE VII Regional Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in the Americas and the Caribbean (RP20) 1 www.eird.org/americas/pr2020/ VII REGIONAL PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE AMERICAS AND THE CARIBBEAN 2 BUILDING RESILIENT ECONOMIES IN THE AMERICAS AND THE CARIBBEAN LOGISTICS NOTE: VII REGIONAL PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE AMERICAS AND THE CARIBBEAN MONTEGO BAY, JAMAICA July 8 – 10, 2020 CONTENT 1. BACKGROUND .....................................................................................................................................................4 2. DATE AND VENUE ..............................................................................................................................................5 3. ONLINE REGISTRATION ...................................................................................................................................6 4. DISTRIBUTION OF CREDENTIALS ................................................................................................................6 5. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE CONTACT DETAILS ......................................................................................7 6. ENTRY REQUIREMENT ......................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Political Violence in Jamaica 1940-1980
    The Evolution of Political Violence in Jamaica 1940-1980 Kareen Felicia Williams Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2011 Copyright 2011 Kareen Williams All rights reserved. ABSTRACT The Evolution of Political Violence in Jamaica 1940-1980 Kareen Williams By the 1960s violence became institutionalized in modern Jamaican politics. This endemic violence fostered an unstable political environment that developed out of a symbiotic relationship between Jamaican labor organizations and political violence. Consequently, the political process was destabilized by the corrosive influence of partisan politics, whereby party loyalists dependent on political patronage were encouraged by the parties to defend local constituencies and participate in political conflict. Within this system the Jamaican general election process became ominous and violent, exemplifying how limited political patronage was dispersed among loyal party supporters. This dissertation examines the role of the political parties and how they mobilized grassroots supporters through inspirational speeches, partisan ideology, complex political patronage networks, and historic party platform issues from 1940 through 1980. The dissertation argues that the development of Jamaican trade unionism and its corresponding leadership created the political framework out of which Jamaica’s two major political parties, the Jamaica Labor Party (JLP) and People’s National Party
    [Show full text]
  • The Architects of the Jamaican Constitution
    he Jamaica Constitution 1962 is the most funda- mental legal document in the country, guaranteeing The Jamaican Constitution the freedom, rights and privileges of every Jamaican At the centre of the Constitution are the principles upholding citizen. The Constitution reflects the country’s inde- the rights and freedoms of all Jamaicans, ensuring the right pendence as a nation state and, to this day, remains the corner- T to “equitable and humane treatment”. These rights and free- stone of the island’s legal systems and institutions. doms are guaranteed regardless of race, colour, place of origin, class, gender, religion or political opinion. The Constitution The Constitution took effect on August 6, 1962 when Jamaica is divided into ten chapters, each of which addresses separate gained political independence from Britain, after more than aspects of Jamaica’s governance. The ten chapters are: 300 years of British colonial rule. While being the first con- stitution for the politically independent nation, it was not the first legal framework for the island. 1. Interpretation and Effect 2. Citizenship Following Emancipation in 1834, black Jamaicans struggled against the harsh realities of being a colony of Britain and their 3. Fundamental Rights and Freedoms dissent grew louder in the 1930s. 4. The Governor-General In 1938 a royal commission was appointed to investigate the working conditions as well as other political and social con- 5. Parliament ditions that were affecting the society. The investigations and reports led to the crafting and adoption of a new constitution 6. Executive Powers on November 20, 1944 which ensured universal franchise for all Jamaicans regardless of race and class.
    [Show full text]