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Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 12 April 1971 Port Phillip Bay Survey 2 https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1971.32.09 BENTHIC COMMUNITIES By J. Hope Black Abstract The depth, substrate, flora and fauna of the 317 stations worked by the survey are listed and the benthic communities represented are discussed. Introduction new species and many new records were col- lected. Also it was found that some species The benthic fauna of Port Phillip Bay was collected by earlier workers such as the 1888- collected over a period of six years, May 1957 95 survey of the Royal Society of Victoria have to May 1963. During this period collections become scarce, and are only taken now in the were made at 317 stations and all but six of Heads region. Also because previously there these were within Port Phillip Heads. Six sta- had been no systematic collecting beyond the tions were worked within the 10 fm line along sublittoral, many species only rarely taken have the open coast for comparison with the stations been found to be dominant in deeper water within the bay. Where substrate, flora and communities, e.g. Plesiastrea urvillei, Anadara fauna changed rapidly, such as many areas trapezia, and Pecten alba. It was the informa- close to shore, stations were close together. In tion gained from the survey that decided the more uniform areas such as the central silty Fisheries and Wildlife Department to open clay and clay basin within the 10 fm line, sta- Port Phillip bay to the scallop fishing industry. tions were more widely spaced. All identified species from the survey are listed Such a large (735 sq mi, 1900 sq km) and and numbered. These numbers complex geological area naturally has a variety systematically are used instead of names in the station lists. of communities which can be considered on Where a number is followed by a question two levels, viz. (1) the major divisions which mark the identification is made by this author are more or less dependent on substrate and and not the author for the biological group con- depth, and (2) the restricted communities within these major boundaries. Because of the cerned. method of tabulation of the stations is considerable detail involved, it has not been The list depth, substrate, flora and fauna follow- possible to attempt a study of the latter, but the to ed remarks if necessary. The boundaries of flora and fauna of all stations is listed and the by communities, and their affinities in major communities are discussed. Thus the the major other parts of the world, are discussed. present work is merely a basis on which it is is unfortunate that systematic zoologists hoped other workers will build by studying in It could not be found to work certain groups in greater detail the communities which are shown time for this publication, e.g. Porifera and Am- to exist. phipoda. The methods of collecting by skin divers and in the are limited in extent and dredge were to some extent selective, and the Reefs bay occur in less than six fathoms, but most support author is sure that grab collecting and divers and varied plant and animal communi- who have the opportunity to concentrate on large diverse and interesting of these small areas would increase the number of spe- ties. The most is the artificial reef of the Popes Eye Annulus, cies at many of the stations. In spite of this, 22 129 130 J. HOPE BLACK Area 59 (36), built last century in the form of 33. Dictyota alterniflda a circle with an opening to the N. It is con- 34. D. apiculata structed of basalt, and has a jetty with light 35. D. dichotoma on the W. side. The floor is of sand, where the 36. D. furcellata molluscs include the marginellas and Xeno- 37. Pachydictyon jurcellatum galea. This station and its surrounds has such 38. P. paniculatum a unique fauna that it should be classified as a 39. Dilophus jastigiatus marine national reserve to preserve its in- 40. Dilophus sp. habitants. 41. Lobospira biscuspidata Plants 42. Dictyopteris muelleri Phanerogams 43. Distromiuml 44. Padina jraseri 1. Zostera muelleri 45. Taonia australasica 2. Z. tasmanica (— Heterozostera) 46. Zonaria turneriana 3. Halophila ovalis 47. Z, sinclairii 4. Cymodocea antarctica (= Amphibolis) 48. Bellotia eriophorum Algae Chlorophyta 49. Carpomitra costata sinuosa Viva lactuca 50. Colpomenia 51. Ecklonia radiata 2. Chaetomorpha darwinii 52. Macrocystis angustijolia 3. C. indica 53. Durvillea potatorum 4. Cladophora bainesii 54. Xiphophora chondrophylla 5. C. fascicularis 55. Seirococcus axillaris )-6B. Cladophora sp. (1-3) 56. Acrocarpia paniculata 7. Bryopsis plumosa 57. Caulocystis cephalornithos 8. Caulerpa brownii 7 C. uvifera 9. C. cacloides 5 A. 58. Cystophora congesta 10. C. flexilis 59. C. expansa 11. C. flexilis var. muelleri 60. C. grevillei 12. C. geminata 61. monilifera 13. C. longifolia C. 62. C. moniliformis 14. C. longifolia f. crispata retorta 15. C. obscura 63. C. 16. C. remotifolia 64. C. retroflexa 17. C. scalpelliformis 65. C. siliquosa 18. C. simpliciuscula 66. C subfarcinata 19. C. trifaria 67. C. torulosa 20. Codium duthiae 68. Myriodesma integrifolia 20A C. fragile novae zelandiae 69. Sargassum decipiens 21. C. galeatum 70. 5. heteromorphum 22. C. harveyi 71. 5. paradoxum 23. C. perrinae 72. 5. sonderi 24. Acetabularia peniculus 73. 5. verruculosum Phaeophyta Rhodophyta 25. Ectocarpus conjervoides 74. Liagora harveyiana 26. Feldmannia globifer 75. Delisea elegans 27. Sphacelaria jurcigera 76. Gelidium australe 28. Halopteris funicularis 11. G. glandulaefolium 31. Cladostephus verticillatus 78. Pterocladia capillacea 32. Cutleria multifield 79. P. /wrida e BENTHIC COMMUNITIES 131 80. Dasyphloea insignis 130. Ballia callitricha 81. Cheilosporum elegans 131. P. scoparia 82. Corallina cuvieri 132. Ceramium sp. 1 83. C. officinalis 133. Ceramium sp. 2 84 Jania fastigiata 134. Ceramium sp. 3 85. Metagoniolithon stelligerum 135. Griffithsia teges 86. Grateloupia filicina var. luxurians 136. Neomonospora griffithsoides 87. Polyopes constrictus 137. Spongoclonium conspicuum 88. Callophyllis ceratoclada 138. Sypridia opposita 89. C harveyana 139. Wrangelia protensa 90. Gracilaria conjervoid.es 140. Dasya naccarioides 91. G. jurcellata 141. D. v/Z/osa 92. G. secundata 142. Heterosiphonia gunniana 93. Melanthalia obtusata 143. //. muelleri 94. Plocamium angustum 144. Acrosorium uncinatum 95. P. coccineum 145. Hymenena affinis 96. P. costatum 146. Myriogramme gunniana 97. P. mertensii 146A. M. sp. 98. P. preissianum 147. Nitophyllum parvijolium 99. Phacelocarpus labillardieri 148. /V. sp. 100. Nizymenia australis 149. Phitymophora imbricata 101. Solieria mollis 150. Malaconema roeana 102. 5. robusta 151. Sarcotrichia dolichocystidea 103. Areschougia laurencia 152. Lophurella periclados 104. Erythroclonium muelleri 153. Polysiphonia blandi 105. Rhabdonia coccinea 154. P. cancellata 106. P. nigrescens 155. Brongniartella australis 107. P. verticillata 156. Lopothalia verticillata 108. Rhodophyllis goodwiniae 157. L. sp. 109. Hypnea episcopalis 158. Dictymenia harveyana 110. Hypnea sp. 159. Jeannerettia pedicellata 111. Ectoclinium dentatum 160. Dasyclonium incisum 112. Mychodea compressa 161. Lenormandia prolifera 113. M. foliosa 162. L. smithiae 114. M. hamata 163. Cladurus elatus 115. M. membranacea 164. Coeloclonium opuntioides 116. Dicranema grevillei 165. Laurencia clavata 111. Stenogramme leptophylla 166. L. etoa 118. Gigartina brachiata 167. L. fdijormis 119. G. muelleriana 168. L. heteroclada 120. Rhodoglossum foliiferum 169. L. tasmanica P. proliferum 121. Coelenterata 122. Botryocladia obovata Hydrozoa 123. Erythrymenia minuta 124. Gloiosaccion brownii 1. Eudendrium capillar 125. Rhodymenia australis 2. Tubularia ralphii 126. Champia affinis var. arcuata 3. T. larynx 111. C. obsoleta 4. Pennaria disticha 128. C. tasmanica 5. Myriothela australis 129. Antithamnion mucronatum 6. Obelia australis .. 132 J. HOPE BLACK 7. O. geniculata f. subtropica 3. P. membranaceum 8. Orthopyxis crenata subtropica 4. Chondronephythya fusca 9. O. caliculata 5. Mopsella aurantia 10. Silicularia bilabiata subtropica 6. M. zimmeri 1 1 Halecium delicatulum 7. M. clavigera 12. Hebella calcarata 8. M. klunzingeri 13. Hincksella corrugata 9. Mopsea encrinula 14. Thyroscyphus marginatus 10. Virgularia cf. mirabilis 15. Stereotheca elongata SCLERACTINIA 16. Diphasia subcarinata 17. Amphisbetia minima 1. Plesiastrea urvillei 18. y4. operculata 2. Homophyllia australis 19. Sertularia unguiculata 3. Culicia hoffmeisteri 20. Thuiaria lata 4. Monomyces radiatus 21. Dynamena quadridentata Annelida 22. Symplectoscyphus subdichotomus 23. 5". sp. POLYCHAETA 24. Sertularella simplex 1. Harmothoe spinosa 25. S. robusta 2. Malmgrenia phillipensis 26. 5. undulata 3. Paralepidonotus ampulliferus 27. Plumularia setaceoides 4. Polyeunoa sp. 28. P. wato// 5. Sigalion ovigerum 29. P. procumbens 6. Eteone platycephala 30. Aglaophenia divaricata 7. Eulalia (Pterocirrus) magalhaensis 31. y4 . decumbens 8. Notophyllum splendens 31 A. Halicornaria longirostris 9. Phyllodoce duplex 32. Solanderia fusca 10. Nerimyra longicirrata 1 1 Eusyllis brevicirrata Coral l i morpharia 12. SyZfo' kinbergiana 1. Corynactis australis 13. Trypanosyllis zebra ACTINIARIA 14. Ceratonereis costae 2. Actinia tenebrosa 15. C. mirabilis 3. Oulactis muscosa 16. Nereis cockburnensis 4. Anthopleura aureoradiata 17. N. (Neanthes) caudata 5. Epiactis australiensis 18. Perinereis amblyodonta 6. P. thomsoni 19. P. HwJ/a brevicirris 7. Phlyctenactis tuberculosa 20. Platynereis australis 8. P. australis 21. Glycera americana 9. Bunodactis