CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY

SR 655 (RECKER HIGHWAY) GRADE SEPARATION OVER CSX RAILROAD PD&E STUDY, POLK COUNTY, FLORIDA

FPID No.: 436560-1-22-01

Prepared for:

FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION 545 John Knox Road, Suite 200 Tallahassee, Florida 32303

and the

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DISTRICT ONE 801 North Broadway Avenue Bartow, Florida 33831

May 2016

CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY

SR 655 (RECKER HIGHWAY) GRADE SEPARATION OVER CSX RAILROAD PD&E STUDY, POLK COUNTY, FLORIDA

FPID No. : 436560-1-22-01

Prepared for:

FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION 545 John Knox Road, Suite 200 Tallahassee, Florida 32303

and the

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DISTRICT ONE 801 North Broadway Avenue Bartow, Florida 33831

Prepared by:

Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240

Marion Almy – Project Manager Lee Hutchinson and Christine Newman– Project Archaeologists Katie Baar – Archaeologist Thomas J. Wilson – Architectural Historian

In association with:

Volkert, Inc. 1408 N. Westshore Blvd., Suite 600 Tampa, Florida 33607

May 2016

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a cultural resource assessment survey (CRAS) as part of the SR 655 (Recker Highway) Grade Separation over CSX Railroad Project Development & Environment (PD&E) Study, Polk County. The purpose of this CRAS was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the Area of Potential Effect (APE), and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). This study was conducted in accordance with the requirements set forth in the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and Chapter 267, Florida Statutes (FS). It was carried out in conformity with Part 2, Chapter 12 (Archaeological and Historical Resources) of the Florida Department of Transportation’s (FDOT) PD&E Manual, and the standards contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources’ (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual (FDOT 1999; FDHR 2003). In addition, this study meets the specifications set forth in Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code (FAC).

A review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) indicated an absence of archaeological sites recorded within the archaeological area of potential effect (APE), which is defined as the existing and proposed right-of-way (ROW). Archaeological field survey entailed ground surface reconnaissance and the excavation of subsurface shovel tests. As a result, no new archaeological sites were identified.

Background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP, indicated that one historic resource (50 years of age or older) had been previously recorded within the project APE, the South Florida (CSX) Railroad (8PO07219). Previously recorded sections of this resource have not been evaluated due to insufficient information or have been evaluated as ineligible for listing in the NRHP (FMSF). Field survey confirmed the existence of a small segment (500 feet [ft] long) of this resource within the APE. Due to the fact that the segment reflects modern improvements in construction, including the replacement of tracks, railroad ties and other material which have diminished its integrity and changes to the surrounding landscape over time, it is not considered potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP.

As a result of field survey, nine new historic resources (8PO07119, 8PO08030-8037) were identified and evaluated. These resources include eight buildings and one cemetery. All eight buildings represent commonly occurring styles, and some have been altered with replacement materials and additions. Furthermore, limited research did not indicate any significant historic associations. In addition, although located in proximity to one another, they do not form a cohesive group of buildings that could be considered a historic district. As a result, given their commonality of type, loss of integrity, and lack of significant historical associations, none is considered potentially eligible for the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. The cemetery, Auburndale Memorial Park, does not derive its primary significance from graves of important persons, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events and therefore does not meet National Register Criteria Consideration D. As a result, 8PO07119 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of an historic district.

Based on these findings, the proposed improvements to Recker Highway will have no involvement with any archaeological sites or historic resources that are listed, determined eligible, or considered potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP.

P15100 i Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Project Purpose and Need ...... 1-1 1.2 Project Description ...... 1-1 1.3 Area of Potential Effects (APE) ...... 1-3 1.4 Purpose ...... 1-3 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ...... 2-1 2.1 Project Location, Physical Setting and Current Conditions ...... 2-1 2.2 Geology and Geomorphology ...... 2-4 2.3 Soils and Vegetation ...... 2-4 2.4 Paleo-environmental Considerations ...... 2-4 3.0 CULTURAL HISTORY ...... 3-1 3.1 Paleo-Indian ...... 3-1 3.2 Archaic ...... 3-3 3.3 Formative ...... 3-3 3.4 Mississippian ...... 3-4 3.5 Colonialism ...... 3-4 3.6 Territorial and Statehood ...... 3-5 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath ...... 3-6 3.8 Twentieth Century ...... 3-8 3.9 Project Specifics ...... 3-9 4.0 BACKGROUND RESEARCH AND METHODS ...... 4-1 4.1 Background Research and Literature Review ...... 4-1 4.1.1 Archaeological Considerations ...... 4-1 4.1.2 Historical Considerations ...... 4-3 4.2 Field Methodology ...... 4-3 4.3 Unexpected Discoveries ...... 4-4 4.4 Laboratory Methods and Curation ...... 4-4 5.0 SURVEY RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 5-1 5.1 Archaeological Results ...... 5-1 5.2 Historical/Architectural Results ...... 5-1 5.3 Conclusions ...... 5-16 6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 6-1

APPENDICES: Appendix A: FMSF Forms Appendix B: Survey Log

P15100 ii Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway

LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS

Figures Page

Figure 1.1. Location of the Recker Highway APE, Polk County...... 1-2 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the Recker Highway APE...... 2-3 Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions...... 3-2 Figure 3.2. 1941 and 1968 aerial photos of the Recker Highway APE...... 3-10 Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded archaeological sites and linear resources within one mile of the Recker Highway APE ...... 4-2 Figure 5.1. Location of the newly recorded buildings, cemetery, previously recorded linear resource, and shovel tests within the Recker Highway APE...... 5-2 Figure 5.2. Cemetery Layout Plan...... 5-8

Tables

Table 4.1. Previously recorded archaeological sites within one mile of the project APE...... 4-1 Table 5.1. Previously and newly identified historic resources located within the project APE ...... 5-1

Photos

Photo 2.1. Looking west at the general condition of Recker Highway...... 2-1 Photo 2.2. Looking east along Recker Highway...... 2-2 Photo 2.3. Looking north at Recker Highway. Note the utilities along the highway ROW...... 2-2 Photo 5.1. South Florida (CSX) Railroad (8PO07219) within the APE...... 5-3 Photo 5.2. Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (8PO07119), looking south...... 5-4 Photo 5.3. 1941 Aerial View...... 5-5 Photo 5.4. 1958 Aerial View...... 5-6 Photo 5.5. 1968 Aerial View ...... 5-6 Photo 5.6. 2014 Aerial View (courtesy Google Earth mapping service)...... 5-7 Photo 5.7. 129 Recker Highway (8PO08030), looking southeast...... 5-9 Photo 5.8. 130 Recker Highway Building 1 (8PO08031), looking southeast...... 5-10 Photo 5.9. 130 Recker Highway Building 2 (8PO08032), looking southwest...... 5-11 Photo 5.10. 252 Recker Highway (8PO08033), looking south...... 5-12 Photo 5.11. 1805 Thornhill Road (8PO08034), looking east...... 5-13 Photo 5.12. 1820 Thornhill Road (8PO08035), looking west...... 5-14 Photo 5.13. 2000 Thornhill Road (8PO08036), looking northwest...... 5-15 Photo 5.14. 2107 Hillcrest Road (8PO08037), looking southeast...... 5-16

P15100 iii Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 1-1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Purpose and Need

The purpose of the project is to replace the Recker Highway at-grade railroad crossing with a grade separation. The need for the project is not based on the need for additional capacity. It is based on improving safety; to provide a grade separation of the railroad crossing to separate vehicle traffic from the train traffic. The project will also reduce travel delays by removing the need to stop traffic for the trains. The purpose of the PD&E Study is to provide documented environmental and engineering analyses to assist the FDOT in reaching a decision on the location and conceptual design of the new railroad overpass and associated improvements in order to accommodate future traffic demand in a safe and efficient manner. This PD&E study satisfies the FDOT requirements and follows the process outlined in the FDOT Project Development and Environment Manual1, Part 1 Chapter 10: Non-Federal Projects.

This PD&E study documents the need for the improvements and presents the procedures utilized to develop and evaluate the overpass concept. Information relating to the engineering, environmental and social characteristics essential for development of the railroad overpass concept was collected. Design criteria was established and preliminary alternatives were developed. The evaluation of the overpass concept was based on a variety of parameters utilizing a matrix format. This process identifies the Recommended Alternative that minimizes the sociocultural, economic, natural, and physical impacts while providing the necessary future transportation improvements. The study also solicits input from the community and users of the facility. The design year for the analysis is 2040.

1.2 Project Description

The Recker Highway PD&E Study limits are from east of Barton Park Road to SR 600 (US 92) and with intersection improvements at Thornhill Road, a distance of approximately one-half mile. The distance of 2,285 feet (ft) south of, to 1,183 ft north of CSX railroad crossing #623082F (Figure 1.1).

Recker Highway is an existing two-lane facility and classified by FDOT as an urban minor arterial. Existing land uses in the study area include residential, retail/office, vacant and industrial. The Access Management Classification is Access Class 6. There are connecting roads and adjacent properties with access to Recker Highway that will be evaluated. While the purpose and need for this project is not to add capacity, a four-lane facility for the bridge structures was evaluated in order to accommodate future widening along Recker Highway and eliminate the need to reconstruct the bridge.

1 Project Development and Environment Manual; Florida Department of Transportation; Tallahassee, Florida; 2014. http://www.dot.state.fl.us/emo/pubs/pdeman/pdeman1.shtm

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 1-2 ¹

0 0.5 1 Sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, USGS, Intermap, increment P Miles Corp., NRCAN, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), 012 Esri (Thailand), TomTom, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap Kilometers contributors, and the GIS User Community 2015 Figure 1.1. Location of the Recker Highway APE, Polk County. Recker Highway Pink shading represents the 350 ft historical APE. Grade Separation over CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 1-3

1.3 Area of Potential Effects (APE)

The archaeological APE is comprised of the existing ROW. However, due to the irregular trajectory of the undertaking and proposed bridge, the historical APE was set at 350 ft on both sides of Recker Highway from its intersection with US 92 to the north to Chambers Road to the southeast in order to account for any potential viewshed impacts. An additional 350 ft on both sides of Thornhill Road was also included in the historic APE from its convergence with Recker Highway to the north to its intersection with Barton Park Road to the south to ensure that there were no significant resources that could be affected by the proposed undertaking.

1.4 Purpose

The purpose of this CRAS is to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the NRHP. The survey was conducted in accordance with requirements set forth in the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and Chapters 267 and 373, FS. It was carried out in conformity with Part 2, Chapter 12 (Archaeological and Historical Resources) of the FDOT’s PD&E Manual and the standards contained in the FDHR’s Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual (FDOT 1999; FDHR 2003). In addition, this study meets the specifications set forth in Chapter 1A-46, FAC.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 2-1

2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Environmental factors such as geology, topography, relative elevation, soils, vegetation, and water resources are important in determining where precolonial and historic period archaeological sites are likely to be located. These variables influenced what types of resources were available for utilization in a given area. This, in turn, affected decisions regarding settlement location and land-use patterns. Because of the influence of the local environmental factors upon the aboriginal inhabitants, a discussion of the effective environment is included.

2.1 Project Location, Physical Setting and Current Conditions

The Recker Highway corridor is located in Sections 9, 15, and 16 of Township 28 South, Range 25 East (USGS 1977), Polk County, Florida (Figure 2.1). Land use in the general area is a mixture of industrial, business, and residential. Soil disturbance includes utilities (gas, electric, sewer, fiber optics, etc.) and road construction (Photos 2.1-2.3). The project corridor is south of US 92 and east of SR 570; Lake Lena is located to the north.

Photo 2.1. Looking west at the general condition of Recker Highway.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 2-2

Photo 2.2. Looking east along Recker Highway. Note the utilities in the ROW and the raised roadbed.

Photo 2.3. Looking north at Recker Highway. Note the utilities along the highway ROW.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 2-2 ¹ Chambers Rd Chambers

Rd Recker Hwy ill nh or Th

0 0.25 0.5 Miles 00.51 Kilometers Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed

Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the Recker Highway APE; Recker Highway Sections 9, 15 and 16 of Township 28 South, Range 25 East (USGS Grade Separation over Auburndale, 1977) . CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 2-4

2.2 Geology and Geomorphology

The project study corridor is contained within the Central Highlands physiographic zone, and more specifically within the Winter Haven Ridge on the Polk Uplands (White 1970). The project APE is underlain by the Tertiary Pliocene Cypresshead formation (Scott 2001; Scott et al. 2001). The surface lithology consists of clayey sands (Scott 1978). The corridor ranges in elevation from 135 to 145 ft above mean sea level (amsl).

2.3 Soils and Vegetation

According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the project corridor is within the Candler-Tavares-Apopka soil association, which is characterized by nearly level to moderately sloping, excessively drained, moderately well drained, and well drained sandy soils (USDA 1990). Specifically, the corridor is underlain by Pomona fine sand; Tavares fine sand, 0-5% slope; Pomona- Urban land complex; and Tavares-Urban land complex. Pomona fine sand and Pomona-Urban land complex are poorly drained soils and Tavares fine sand and Tavares-urban land complex are moderately well drained (USDA 1990). Urban land is classified as areas that are more than 85% covered by buildings, streets, houses, schools, shopping centers, and industrial complexes. The natural vegetation associated with Tavares fine sand includes turkey oak, post oak, live oak, South Florida slash pine, longleaf pine and other pines with a sparse understory of indiangrass, pineland threeawn, hairy panicum, and annual forbs. Pomona fine sand vegetation included saw palmetto, slash pine, longleaf pine, South Florida slash pine, pine threeawn, chalky bluestem, fetterbush, lyonia, gallberry and low panicums (USDA 1990:25, 31, 53, 57).

2.4 Paleo-environmental Considerations

The early environment of the region was different from that seen today. Sea levels were lower, the climate was arid, and fresh water was scarce. Due to the arid conditions between 16,500 and 12,500 years ago, the perched water aquifer and potable water supplies were absent. Palynological studies conducted in Florida and Georgia suggest that between 13,000 and 5000 years ago, this area was covered with an upland vegetation community of scrub oak and prairie (Watts 1969, 1971, 1975). However, the environment was not static. Evidence recovered from the inundated Page-Ladson Site in north Florida has clearly demonstrated that there were two periods of low water tables and dry climatic conditions and two episodes of elevated water tables and wet conditions (Dunbar 2006b). The rise of sea level reduced xeric habitats over the next several millennia.

By 5000 years ago, a climatic event marking a brief return to Pleistocene climatic conditions induced a change toward more open vegetation. Southern pine forests replaced the oak savannahs. Extensive marshes and swamps developed along the coasts, and subtropical hardwood forests became established along the southern tip of Florida (Delcourt and Delcourt 1981). Northern Florida saw an increase in oak species, grasses, and sedges (Carbone 1983). About 5000 years ago, surface water was plentiful in karst terrains and the level of the Floridan aquifer rose to 5 ft above present levels. With the establishment of warmer winters and cooler summers than in the preceding early Holocene, the fire-adapted pine communities prevailed. The increased precipitation also resulted in the formation of the large swamp systems such as the Okefenokee and Everglades (Gleason and Stone 1994). After this time, modern floral, climatic, and environmental conditions began to be established.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-1

3.0 CULTURAL HISTORY

A discussion of the regional culture history is included to provide a framework within which to examine the local archaeological and historical record. Archaeological and historic sites are not individual entities, but were once part of a dynamic cultural system. As a result, individual sites cannot be adequately examined or interpreted without reference to other sites and resources in the area. The culture history of an area (i.e. the archaeological region) outlines the sequence of archaeological and historical cultures through time. These are defined largely in geographical terms, but also reflect shared environmental and cultural traits. The project is within the East and Central archaeological region Milanich (1994) (Figure 3.1). The Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Formative, and Mississippian stages have been defined based on material culture traits such as stone tool forms and ceramics, as well as subsistence, settlement, and burial patterns.

The local history of the region is divided into four broad periods based initially upon the major governmental powers. The first period, Colonialism, occurred during the exploration and control of Florida by the Spanish and British from around 1513 until 1821. At that time, Florida became a territory of the U.S. and 21 years later became a State (Territorial and Statehood). The Civil War and Aftermath (1861-1899) period deals with the Civil War, the period of Reconstruction following the war, and the late 1800s, when the transportation systems were dramatically increased and development throughout the state expanded. The Twentieth Century has sub-periods defined by important historic events such as the World Wars, the Boom of the 1920s, and the Depression. Each of these periods evidenced differential development and utilization of the region, thus effecting the historic site distribution.

3.1 Paleo-Indian

The Paleo-Indian stage is the earliest known cultural manifestation in Florida, dating from roughly 12,000 to 7500 BCE [Before Common Era] (Milanich 1994). Archaeological evidence for Paleo-Indians consists primarily of scattered finds of diagnostic lanceolate-shaped projectile points. The Paleo-Indian period has been sub-divided into three horizons based upon characteristic stone tool forms (Austin 2001). Traditionally, it is believed that the Clovis Horizon (10,500-9000 BCE) represents the initial occupation of Florida and is defined by the presence of the fluted Clovis points.

The Suwannee Horizon (9000-8500 BCE) is the best known of the three Paleo-Indian horizons. The lanceolate-shaped, unfluted Simpson and Suwannee projectile points are diagnostic of this time (Bullen 1975; Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987; Purdy 1981). The Suwannee tool kit includes a variety of scrapers, adzes, spokeshaves, unifacially retouched flakes, and blade-like flakes as well as bone and ivory foreshafts, pins, awls, daggers, anvils, and abraders (Austin 2001:23).

Following the Suwannee Horizon is the Late Paleo-Indian Horizon (8500-8000 BCE). The smaller Tallahassee, Santa Fe, and Beaver Lake points have traditionally been attributed to this horizon (Milanich 1994). It has been suggested that Paleo-Indian settlement may have been related as much to the scheduling of tool-kit replacement, social needs, and the availability of water, among other factors (Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987:175).

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-2 ¹

1 2

3 5 1 Northwest 4 2 North 3 North-Central 4 East and Central 5 North Peninsular Gulf Coast 6 Central Peninsular Gulf Coast 6 7 Caloosahatchee 8 Okeechobee Basin 9 Glades 8

7

9

Post-500 BCE regions of precolumbian Florida Kilometers Miles 0 50 100 (adapted from Milanich 1994:xix) 02550

Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. The project area ( ) Recker Highway is within the East and Central Region. Grade Separation over CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 3-3

3.2 Archaic

Climatic changes occurred, resulting in the disappearance of the Pleistocene megafauna and the demise of the Paleo-Indian culture. The disappearance of the mammoths and mastodons resulted in a reduction of open grazing lands, and thus, the subsequent disappearance of grazers such as horses, bison, and camels. With the reduction of open habitat, the herd animals were replaced by the more solitary, woodland browser: the white-tailed deer (Dunbar 2006a:426). The intertwined data of megafauna’ extinction and cultural change suggests a rapid and significant disruption in both the faunal and floral assemblages. The Bolen people represent the first culture adapted to the Holocene environment (Carter and Dunbar 2006). Theirs included a more specialized toolkit and the introduction of chipped-stone woodworking implements. The archaeological record suggests a diffuse, yet well-scheduled, pattern of exploiting both coastal and interior resources. Water sources were more numerous and larger than previously, thus, a larger population could be sustained. Sites were occupied for longer periods, and activities that required longer occupation at a specific locale were conducted (Milanich 1994:67).

During the Middle Archaic, wetter conditions prevailed, sea levels began to rise, and pine forests and swamps began to emerge (Watts et al. 1996). Settlement became focused within coastal and riverine locales (Milanich 1994:64). The Mount Taylor period has been identified for the period 5000-2000 BCE (Milanich 1994). Mount Taylor sites include large base camps, smaller special-use campsites, burial areas, and extensive shell middens. The artifact inventory of the Mount Taylor people includes stone projectile points, tools, and microliths, as well as tools and decorative items of shell, bone, and wood (ACI/Janus Research 2001; Purdy 1994; Wheeler and McGee 1994a, 1994b).

By about 2000 BCE, fired clay pottery was introduced in Florida. The first ceramic types, tempered with fiber (Spanish moss or palmetto), are referred to as the Orange series. There is little difference between Middle/Late Archaic and Orange populations except that there are more Orange sites and the density of sites is higher. Orange settlements were primarily located near wetland locales. The abundance of resources located in and near the wetlands permitted larger settlements. The adaptation to this environment allowed for a wider variety of resources to be exploited and greater variability in settlement patterns. Shellfish, fish, and other food sources were now available from coastal and freshwater wetlands resulting in an increase in population size.

Bridging the end of the Archaic and the beginning of the Formative stage is the Transitional period (1200-500 BCE), which was characterized by increased regionalism, population growth, and socio-cultural complexity (Bullen 1959, 1970). The diffusion of culture traits, resulting from the movements of small groups of people, led to the spread of several ceramic and tool traditions (Bullen 1959).

3.3 Formative

The period from about 500 BCE until 750 CE (Common Era) in this area is referred to as St. Johns I, which has been divided into three sub-periods: St. Johns I (500 BCE-100 CE), St. Johns Ia (100-500 CE), and St. Johns Ib (500-750 CE) based on characteristic ceramic types (Milanich 1994:247).

Settlement patterns during this time were virtually the same as that seen for the earlier periods, i.e. along the coastal estuaries and larger rivers. There was also a tremendous increase in the number of archaeological sites during this time. An apparent trend from St. Johns I through Ib times

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-4 was a population shift into the northern part of the St. Johns River valley, possibly due to the need for more arable land (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980:158).

3.4 Mississippian

The St. Johns II period has been divided into three sub-periods: St. Johns IIa (750-1050 CE), St. Johns IIb (1050-1513 CE), and St. Johns IIc (1513-1565 CE). These periods are marked by the presence of St. Johns Check Stamped pottery. St. Johns II carried on the tradition and was marked by the introduction of check-stamped pottery (Goggin 1952:70). Occupation of riverine and coastal shell middens continued, although Miller (1998:80) notes that there is a relative increase in the number of interior sites, perhaps as the result of locating sites in more agriculturally suited locales.

Hunting and gathering remained important but the dependence upon cultivated crops such as maize, squash, and gourds increased in some areas. There was an increase in the number and size of villages during the St. Johns IIa period suggesting population expansion. The St. Johns IIb period is characterized by the adoption of some Mississippian traits into the ceremonial system as well as the presence of St. Johns Simple Stamped ceramics. The St. Johns IIc period is marked by the introduction of European artifacts in some of the mounds. Three Native American ethnic groups were known to inhabit east central Florida at the time of Spanish contact: the Ais, the Mayaca, and the Jororo.

3.5 Colonialism

The cultural traditions of the native Floridians ended with the advent of European expeditions to the New World. The initial events, authorized by the Spanish Crown in the 1500s, ushered in devastating European contact. After Ponce de Leon’s landing near St. Augustine in 1513, Spanish explorations were confined along the west coast of Florida, and European contact along the east coast was left to a few shipwrecked sailors from treasure ships that sailed through the Straits of Florida on their way to Spain.

The area that now constitutes the State of Florida was ceded to England in 1763 after two centuries of Spanish possession. England governed Florida until 1783 when the Treaty of Paris returned Florida to Spain. Prior to the American colonial settlement of Florida, portions of the Muskogean Creek, Yamassee, and Oconee tribes moved into Florida and repopulated the demographic vacuum created by the decimation of the original aboriginal inhabitants. These migrating groups of Native Americans became known to English speakers as Seminoles.

Their early history can be divided into two basic periods: colonization (1716-1767) when their initial movement into Florida occurred, and enterprise (1767-1821) which was an era of prosperity under the British and Spanish rule prior to the American presence (Mahon and Weisman 1996). The Seminoles formed at various times loose confederacies for mutual protection against the new American Nation to the north (Tebeau 1980:72). The Seminoles crossed back and forth into Georgia and Alabama conducting raids and welcoming escaped slaves. This resulted in General Andrew Jackson’s invasion of Florida in 1818, which became known as the First Seminole War.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-5

3.6 Territorial and Statehood

Because of the war and the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819, Florida became a United States territory in 1821, but settlement was slow and scattered during the early years. Andrew Jackson, named provisional governor, divided the territory into St. Johns and Escambia Counties. At that time, St. Johns County encompassed all of Florida lying east of the Suwannee River, and Escambia County included the land lying to the west.

Even though the First Seminole War was fought in north Florida, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek in 1823, at the end of the war, was to affect the settlement of all of south Florida. The Seminoles relinquished their claim to the whole peninsula in return for an approximately four million- acre reservation south of Ocala and north of Charlotte Harbor (Covington 1958; Mahon 1985:50). The treaty satisfied neither the Indians nor the settlers. The inadequacy of the reservation and desperate situation of the Seminoles living there, plus the mounting demand of the settlers for their removal, soon produced another conflict.

During the Second Seminole War, Fort Gardiner, lying within present-day Polk County, was established at the headwaters of the Kissimmee. Military and civilian suppliers passed through the region traveling to reach Seminole villages and an increasing number of military fortifications. A major military strategy during the war was developed to ensure that the Seminoles would remain on the lands south of Ocala. General Zachary Taylor established a line of posts or forts across the state from Fort Brooke, on the west, to around New Smyrna on the east coast. The line of forts included Fort Fraser in Polk County. The Second Seminole War lasted until 1842 “…when a frustrated President John Tyler ordered the end of military action against the Seminoles, $20 million had been spent, 1500 American soldiers had died, and still no formal peace treaty had been signed” (Wickman 2002). Tyler ended the conflict by withdrawing U. S. troops from Florida. Some of the battle-weary Seminoles were persuaded with money to migrate west where the federal government had set aside land for Native Americans. However, those who were adamant about remaining in Florida were allowed to do so, but were pushed further south into the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp. This area became the last stronghold for the Seminoles (Mahon 1985:321).

Although the war devastated many parts of Florida, it also stimulated development. During the war, the U.S. army dispatched a number of military expeditions to the Peace River. Forts were established along the river and elsewhere throughout central Florida; land was cleared and roads were created to provide access to the scattered forts. Encouraged by the passage of the Armed Occupation Act in 1842, designed to promote settlement and protect the Florida frontier, settlers moved south through Florida. The Act made available 200,000 acres outside the already developed regions south of Gainesville to the Peace River, barring coastal lands and those within a two-mile radius of a fort. The Armed Occupation Act stipulated that any family or single man over 18 able to bear arms could earn title to 160 acres by erecting a habitable dwelling, cultivating at least five acres of land, and living on it for five years. During the nine-month period the law was in effect, 1184 permits were issued totaling some 189,440 acres (Covington 1961a:48).

In 1845, the State of Florida was admitted to the Union with Tallahassee selected as the state capital. During the same year, Hillsborough County, which was established in 1834, was enlarged to include parts of Mosquito County, including the area that later became Polk County. Federal surveys were initiated by the U.S. Government in the 1840s. The exterior lines of Township 28 South, Range 25 East were surveyed between 1843 and 1850 by H Washington and J. Westcott; the interior section lines were surveyed by J. Westcott in 1849-50 (State of Florida 1849-50, 1850). The area in which the Recker Highway corridor is located was described as blackjack, pine and swamp; no historic features were depicted proximate to the project (State of Florida 1849-50:443, 445; 1950).

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-6

By 1851, there were no more than a dozen Anglo-American families, along with a garrison of soldiers and a hundred or so Indians, in what was to become Polk County. The earliest settlements were established along the Peace River.

As more homesteaders settled further south on the peninsula, difficulties with the Seminoles increased, eventually resulting in the Third Seminole War (1855-1858) (McNeely 1961). In 1849, an “Indian Scare” began with several attacks, one occurring near a trading post at Payne’s Creek. There, white settlers employed at the post were attacked by a few young Seminoles. Two settlers were killed, and others escaped to alert surrounding settlements (Frisbie 1976:16). The possibility of repeat events such as this prompted the creation of a number of military forts throughout central Florida (Covington 1961b). In 1849, Ft. Kissimmee was strategically placed halfway between Lake Okeechobee and Lake Kissimmee. Hostilities broke out in December 1855 when a group of surveyors, with a military escort, penetrated the Big Cypress Swamp and Billy Bowlegs’ camp resulting in the start of the Third Seminole War (Covington 1982).

Polk County was witness to some hostile action during the Third Seminole War. The Battle of Peace River occurred in the summer of 1856, because of a Seminole war party attack on the Tillis family home near Fort Meade (Matthews 1983). Reinforcements were sent from Fort Fraser to Fort Meade, and a bloody battle ensued with the settlers withdrawing to a position south of Fort Meade. Captain William B. Hooker, commander of militia forces in the area, arrived and searched for the Seminole group up and down the banks of the Peace River with no success. The battle was over. It was not until two years later in February of 1858, that the final Seminole War ended when Chief Billy Bowlegs, along with 165 Seminoles, accepted monetary persuasion to migrate west. On May 8, 1858, the Third Seminole War was declared over (Brown 1991; Covington 1982).

Following the Third Seminole War, the area that currently comprises Polk County experienced its first land boom. More soldiers settled in the area, and civilians finally felt the land was sufficiently safe to inhabit. Several settlements sprang up and others grew. Communities developed during the mid-nineteenth century as families settled near forts for protection.

3.7 Civil War and Aftermath

On February 8, 1861, the state legislature created Polk County out of portions of Hillsborough and Brevard Counties, and named it in honor of President James K. Polk (Frisbie 1976:32). That same year, Florida followed South Carolina’s lead and seceded from the Union as a prelude to the Civil War. Although homesteaders and settlers clustered around the drainage and supply systems of Peas Creek (Peace River), occupation was still scattered and isolated throughout the Civil War years (Davis 1856). Many male residents abandoned their farms and settlements to join the Union Army at one of the coastal areas retained by the United States government or joined the Confederate Cow Cavalry. The Confederate Cow Cavalry provided one of the major contributions to the Confederate war effort by supplying and protecting the transportation of beef to the government (Akerman 1976:93-95). There was little military activity in Polk County during the ensuing war.

During the early post-war years, the highly publicized 1862 Homestead Act, passed by the U.S. Congress as wartime legislation, enticed more settlers into Florida to establish farms and rescue the rebel state. Civilian activity slowly resumed a normal pace after recovery from wartime depressions. Subsistence agriculture, citrus, and cattle remained the primary economic sources in Polk County. The county seat was established in 1867 on land at Fort Blount given by Jacob Summerlin. The settlement was named Bartow, for Gen. Francis S. Bartow of Georgia, a wartime casualty (Frisbie 1976:36).

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The first settler in what would eventually become Auburndale was Jon LeDuc. In 1873, he homesteaded a forty-acre tract of land for almost 10 years before others moved to the area. John Patterson and Frank Fuller, and their families, settled on the south shore of Lake Mariana where several stores and a hotel were built. They named the community Sanitaria and promoted it as a health resort. The community was soon overshadowed when the South Florida Railroad chose to build their depot west of Fuller’s land when the property owner offered to donate his land, rather than sell it as Fuller had, to the railroad company. In 1884, the original plat for the Town of Auburndale, named after a town in Massachusetts, was filed (Historic Property Associates [HPA] 1995:5-6).

During the Reconstruction period, Florida’s financial crisis, born of pre-war railroad bonded indebtedness, led Governor William Bloxham to search for a buyer for an immense amount of state lands. Bloxham’s task was to raise adequate capital in one sale to free from litigation the remainder of state lands for desperately needed revenue. In March of 1881, Hamilton Disston, a Philadelphia investor and friend of Governor Bloxham, purchased four million acres from the State of Florida to clear the state’s debt. This transaction, which became known as the Disston Purchase, enabled the distribution of large land subsidies to railroad companies, inducing them to begin extensive construction programs for new lines throughout the state (Harner 1973; Tebeau 1980). Hamilton Disston and the railroad companies, in turn sold smaller parcels of land to developers and private investors (Davis 1939). Disston’s land holding company was the Florida Land and Improvement Company (FLIC). Disston and his associates also formed the Atlantic and Gulf Coast Canal and Okeechobee Land Company in July 1881 (Davis 1939:205). This company was established as part of the drainage contract created with the State that would provide Disston and his associates with one- half of the acreage that they could drain, reclaim, and make fit for cultivation. Disston also formed the Kissimmee Land Company to help fulfill his drainage contracts (Hetherington 1928). Canals were dug to many area lakes, and the Kissimmee River was cleaned and deepened.

In addition to the introduction of the railroad in the 1880s, natural resources were discovered, fostering growth in the area. During studies conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1881 to determine the feasibility of opening a navigable waterway from the St. Johns River to Charlotte Harbor, valuable pebble rock phosphate deposits were discovered along the Peace River.

Polk County began witnessing major growth following the discovery of phosphate and the construction of the railroad throughout the county. In 1883, Henry Plant’s South Florida Railway entered Polk County, extending from Tampa northeast to Kissimmee where it linked up with the Sanford Line. The same year, property within the Recker Highway corridor was deeded to several individuals. Edman R. Trafford was deeded property in Section 9 and Albert W. Gilchrist and Silas W. Campbell in Section 16. In 1898, Andrew Bates was deeded property in Section 15 and much later, in 1924, J.H. Stride was deeded a portion of the corridor in Section 16 (State of Florida n.d.).

In late 1889, the DeSoto Phosphate Mining Company erected a phosphate processing plant on the bank of the Peace River. From its beginnings at Zolfo and Arcadia, the phosphate craze spread through the Peace River Valley. The Pharr Phosphate Company and the Florida Phosphate Company established mines near Bartow in 1890. However, the pebble phosphate boom was short lived. A drop in prices, decreased demand, increasing production costs, the effects of the great Panic of 1893, and competition from hard rock and land pebble mine, ultimately combined to close the production of pebble phosphate (Brown 1991).

Although the national financial Panic of 1893, and the Great Freeze of 1894-95, devastated capital investment and much of the Florida citrus industry, including that in Polk County, groves were replanted and prospered again within the next decade. In 1900, the main industries remained phosphate mining, citrus, and strawberry farming (Hetherington 1928).

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3.8 Twentieth Century

The Florida Citrus Exchange was formed in 1909, with a Polk County sub-exchange headquartered in Bartow. A Lakeland Citrus Exchange was created in 1912. By the late 1910s, the naval stores industry that produced turpentine, lumber and rosin, joined the citrus and phosphate industries as a prime economic resource in Polk County.

In 1916, the Good Roads Association sponsored a 1.5 million dollar bond issue to build 217 miles of asphalt highways linking every major city in Polk County. By 1923, another million dollars had been spent on asphalt roads, with arches erected at each major point of entry. At this time, the County was believed to be the only county in the country in which every town was linked by paved roads (Brown 2001; Frisbie 1976; Hetherington 1928; Kendrick 1964; McNeely 1961). The expanding road system, mild winters, new hotels, and propaganda that advertised the state as a tropical paradise, prompted the Florida Land Boom of the 1920s. Polk County boasted 326 miles of “velvet asphalt highways winding through 50,000 acres of orange groves and around hundreds of lakes” (Barber 1975:324-325).

However, the 1926 real estate economy in Florida was based upon such wild land speculations that banks could not keep track of loans or property values. By October 1926, rumors were rampant in northern newspapers concerning fraudulent practices in the real estate market in south Florida. Confidence in the Florida real estate market quickly diminished, investors could not sell lots, and depression hit Florida earlier than the rest of the nation. Simultaneously, the agricultural industry suffered a devastating infestation by the Mediterranean fruit fly that endangered the future of the entire citrus industry. To make the situation even worse two hurricanes hit south Florida in 1926 and 1928. The hurricanes destroyed confidence in Florida as a tropical paradise and created a flood of refugees fleeing northward. Soon after, the October 1929 stock market crash and the onset of the Great Depression left the area in a state of stagnation. The 1930s saw the closing of mines and mills and citrus packing plants, and widespread unemployment (Burr 1974).

Exacerbating the economic downturn was the compulsory cattle dipping law, which forced cattle owners to dip their stock every two weeks for two years. This law was enforced in an effort to eradicate the cattle fever tick, responsible for transmission of tick fever. This disease, which was debilitating to the nation’s southern stock, was fatal to northern herds (Black 1998). Although the program was subsidized by the state, until the correct “dip recipe” was discovered, numerous cattle were lost to overdosing, at the expense of the private ranchers (Black 1998). In addition, with cattle scattered over vast distances, bi-monthly dipping required constant hours in the saddle for the roundups (Akerman 1976). Despite the short-term economic burden placed on ranchers, many see the cattle-dipping program as the birth of the cattle industry in Florida. Prior to this, herds were allowed to roam freely. The legislation made ranchers accountable for their herds, a responsibility that resulted in fenced ranches and branded cattle (Carlton 1997).

By the mid-1930s, federal programs implemented by the Roosevelt administration began employing large numbers of construction workers to help revive the economy. These projects included federal building of parks, bridges, and public buildings. In addition to projects such as these, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) occasionally assisted local entrepreneurs.

Following the Depression, World War II and federal efforts to package and transport food resulted in innovative changes. Rapid expansion occurred in the citrus canning field (HT/HCPB 1980:13). In addition, federal road building and airfield construction for the wartime defense effort brought unparalleled numbers of residents into Florida and the general project area during the postwar years. Phosphate operations continued. The 1940s saw an industry-wide rebound as wartime and post-

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-9 wartime demands for modern agricultural production created economic market incentives worldwide. During the following decade, the 1956 Highway Act funded a plan for 41,500 miles of interstate highway nationwide. Interstate 4 (I-4) was part of that plan and was constructed during the late 1950s and early 1960s. Today, I-4 is the major automobile transportation link between Tampa and Orlando through Polk County.

Economically, the county continues to rely on the industries that have historically supported it. Polk County is a leading phosphate and citrus producer in the state and is a major producer of cattle, poultry, and softwood logs and pulp. It also has the largest amount of farmland in the State. In addition, tourism is important economically. Polk County’s total population in 2000 was 483,924 and by 2010, the population had increased almost 25% to 602,095 (U. S. Census Bureau [USCB] 2012).

3.9 Project Specifics

The aerial photographs of the project area from 1941 and 1968, available from the Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials (PALMM) website, and USGS quadrangle maps beginning in 1944 (USDA 1941, 1968; USGS 1944a. 1944b, 1975) show much of the area around the Recker Highway project corridor had been cleared by 1941, and portions had been planted in citrus. Thornhill Road has been in place since at least 1941 and Recker Highway does not appear on the 1963 photo revised 1944 USGS quadrangle map, but does appear on the 1968 aerial (Figure 3.2)

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 3-10

3-5-41 CTU-11B-7 ¹

0 500 1,000 Feet 0200400 Meters

2-21-68 CTU-5JJ-313 ¹

0 500 1,000 Feet 0200400 Meters

Figure 3.2. 1941 and 1968 aerial photos of the Recker Highway Recker Highway APE (USDA 1941 and 1968). Grade Separation over CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 4-1

4.0 BACKGROUND RESEARCH AND METHODS

4.1 Background Research and Literature Review

A review of archaeological and historical literature, records and other documents and data pertaining to the project APE was conducted. The focus of this research was to ascertain the types of cultural resources known in the project APE and vicinity, their temporal/cultural affiliations, site location information, and other relevant data. This included a review of sites listed in the NRHP, the FMSF, cultural resource survey reports, published books and articles, unpublished manuscripts, and maps. No informant interviews were conducted as a result of this project.

4.1.1 Archaeological Considerations

Background research indicated that no previously recorded archaeological sites are located within or adjacent to the Recker Highway corridor. However, nine sites have been previously recorded within one mile of the undertaking (Table 4.1; Figure 4.1). Two are single artifact sites (8PO03787, 8PO06467), one is an artifact scatter (8PO06150), and six are lithic scatters (8PO06140, 8PO06141, 8PO06142, 8PO06148, 8PO06197, 8PO06208). One site, 8PO03787, was recorded as a result of the El Dorado-Auburndale water station and lateral survey (Athens 1992) and the remainder were recorded during Gulfstream Natural Gas System surveys (Janus 2000, 2001, 2002). The SHPO has not evaluated site 8PO06197, but the rest of the sites have been determined to be ineligible for listing in the NRHP (FMSF). Other cultural resource assessment surveys conducted in the general vicinity of the Recker Highway project are limited. These include an historic building survey of Auburndale (HPA 1995), two telecommunication facility surveys (Ambrosino 2001; KCI Technologies, Inc. 2006), a survey for a proposed development (Penders 2005), and a Department of Transportation survey (Austin and Mohlman 2001).

Table 4.1. Previously recorded archaeological sites within one mile of the project APE. SITE SHPO SITE # NAME SITE TYPE CULTURE EVAL. SURVEY (FMSF) 8PO03787 Auburndale Single artifact Prehistoric Ineligible Athens 1992 8PO06140 JR39 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Ineligible Janus Research 2000 8PO06141 JR40 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Ineligible Janus 2001 8PO06142 JR41 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Ineligible Janus Research 2000 8PO06148 JR47 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Ineligible Janus Research 2000 8PO06150 JR49 Artifact scatter Manasota, St Johns Ineligible Janus Research 2000 8PO06197 JR245 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Not evaluated Janus Research 2002 8PO06208 JR102 Lithic scatter Prehistoric Ineligible Janus Research 2000 8PO06467 JR199 Single artifact Prehistoric Ineligible Janus Research 2001

Based on these data and regional archaeological syntheses (Austin and Layman 1989; Ellis et al. 1994; Johnson and Basinet 1995), the APE and surrounding area have been the scene of human activity for more than 8000 years. As archaeologists have long realized, aboriginal populations did not select their habitation sites and special use activity areas in a random fashion. Rather, many environmental factors had a direct influence upon site location selection. Among these variables are soil drainage, distance to freshwater, relative topography, and proximity to food and other resources including stone and clay. In general, comparative site location data indicate a pattern of site distribution favoring the better-drained terrain relative to the surrounding terrain and near a

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Legend linear resource ¹ archaeological site

8PO06197

8PO06148

8PO03787

8PO07219

8PO07117 8PO06467

8PO06208

8PO06150 8PO06141

8PO06140

8PO06142

0 0.25 0.5 Miles 00.51 Kilometers Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed

Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded archaeological Recker Highway sites and linear resources within one mile of the Recker Highway Grade Separation over APE (USGS Auburndale, 1977). CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 4-3 permanent or semi-permanent source of potable water including rivers, creeks, and freshwater marshes. Upland sites well removed from potable water are rare. In the poorly drained pine flatwoods, sites tend to be situated on ridges and knolls near a freshwater source. It should be noted that the settlement patterns noted above cannot be applied to sites of the Paleo-Indian and Early Archaic periods, which precede the onset of modern environmental conditions.

Based on these data, a review of the appropriate USGS Quadrangle map (1977), aerial photographs (USDA 1941, 1968), and the Polk County soil survey (USDA 1990), the Recker Highway APE was considered to have a low potential for pre-colonial and historic archaeological sites.

4.1.2 Historical Considerations

Examination of the FMSF indicated that one historic resource (50 years of age or older) had been previously recorded within one mile of the historic APE, a segment of the Seaboard Airline Wahneta Railroad (8PO07117). This resource runs north to south approximately 1 mile east of the APE, and this particular segment has not been evaluated by the SHPO. The FMSF also revealed one previously recorded historic resource within the historic APE, a small segment of the South Florida (CSX) Railroad linear resource (8PO07219). Six other segments of this resource outside of the APE but within Polk County have been previously recorded. Two of the segments were determined ineligible by the SHPO. The other four have not been evaluated by the SHPO due to insufficient information (FMSF).

Recker Highway within and near the project APE does not appear on the 1963 photo revised 1944 USGS quadrangle map, but it does appear on the 1968 aerial. As a result, because the highway is not 50 years of age, it was not evaluated as part of this survey.

A review of the Polk County Property Appraiser data and historic aerial photographs indicated the potential for eight newly identified historic buildings and one newly identified historic cemetery within the APE (Faux 2016; USDA 1941, 1958 and 1968).

4.2 Field Methodology

Archaeological field methodology consisted of ground surface inspection and subsurface shovel testing, where feasible, to locate sites not exposed on the ground. Shovel tests were circular, and measured approximately 0.5 meters (m) (20 inches [in]) in diameter by at least 1 m (3.3 ft) in depth, and all soil removed from the test pits was screened through a 6.4 millimeter (0.25 in) mesh hardware cloth to maximize the recovery of artifacts. The locations of all shovel tests was plotted on aerial maps, and, following recording of relevant data such as stratigraphic profile, all test pits were refilled.

The historical/architectural field survey consisted of a visual reconnaissance of the project APE to determine and verify the location of all buildings and other historic resources (i.e. bridges, roads, cemeteries) believed to have been built prior to 1965, and to establish if any such resources could be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP. This was followed by an in-depth study of any identified historic resources which appeared to be potentially NRHP-eligible. Photographs were taken and information needed for the completion of FMSF forms was collected. In addition to an architectural description, each historic resource was reviewed to assess style, historic context, condition, and NRHP eligibility. Pertinent records housed at the Polk County Property Appraisers’ Office were examined, and residents or other knowledgeable persons were interviewed to obtain

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 4-4 information concerning site-specific building construction dates and/or possible association with individuals or events significant to local or regional history. A reconnaissance of the project APE vicinity was also conducted to determine the potential for a historic district.

4.3 Unexpected Discoveries

If human burial sites such as Indian mounds, lost historic and prehistoric cemeteries, or other unmarked burials or associated artifacts were found, then the provisions and guidelines set forth in Chapter 872.05, FS (Florida’s Unmarked Burial Law) would have been followed. Although burial mounds have been recorded in the region, it was not anticipated that such sites would be found along the Recker Highway corridor.

4.4 Laboratory Methods and Curation

As a result of this survey, no artifacts were found, thus laboratory methods were not implemented. The project-related records such as aerials, field notes, and photographs are on file at ACI in Sarasota. A copy of the report, Survey Log, and FMSF forms will be on file at the FDHR in Tallahassee.

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5.0 SURVEY RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Archaeological Results

The archaeological survey consisted of surface reconnaissance and the excavation of twelve shovel tests within the Recker Highway APE (Figure 5.1). All tests were placed judgmentally to avoid utilities (gas, electric, sewer, fiber optic, etc.) and constructed features such as sidewalks and driveways. The shovel test intervals varied, depending on field circumstance. As a result of this effort, no archaeological sites were discovered within the project APE.

The general stratigraphy noted in the tests was variable. Along the eastern end of Recker Highway, the stratigraphy was 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) of dark gray-brown sand, 15 to 60 cm (6 to 24 in) of mottled gray-brown fill, and 60 to 100 cm (24 to 39 in) of yellow-tan sand and, at the northern end of the highway, the stratigraphy was 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in) of gray-brown soil, 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in) of gray-orange mottled sand, and 50 to 80 cm (20 to 31 in) of compacted gray-tan fill sand. Along Thornhill Road, the stratigraphy was 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in) of gray-brown sand and 10 to 100 cm (4 to 39 in) of mottled grayish-tan sand with glass and gravel found throughout the soil. Most tests showed evidence of modern disturbance.

5.2 Historical/Architectural Results

A total of ten historic resources were identified as a result of the historical/architectural field survey. These include eight historic buildings (8PO08030-8037) and one cemetery (8PO07119) that were newly identified within the APE (Figure 5.1) as well as a segment of 8PO07219 which was reevaluated as part of the current field survey (Table 5.1). Descriptions and photographs of all ten resources follow and copies of the FMSF forms are contained in Appendix A.

Table 5.1. Previously and newly identified historic resources located within the project APE DATE OF FMSF # SITE NAME/ADDRESS TYPE/STYLE CONSTRUCTION 8PO08030 129 Recker Highway Masonry Vernacular 1954 8PO08031 130 Recker Highway Building 1 Frame Vernacular 1940 8PO08032 130 Recker Highway Building 2 Frame Vernacular 1952 8PO08033 252 Recker Highway Frame Vernacular 1940 8PO08034 1805 Thornhill Road Masonry Vernacular 1940 8PO08035 1820 Thornhill Road Masonry Vernacular 1963 8PO08036 2000 Thornhill Road Frame Vernacular c.1940 8PO08037 2107 Hillcrest Road Frame Vernacular 1952 8PO07119 Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery c.1940 8PO07219* South Florida Railroad (CSX RR) Linear Resource c.1888 (varies) * denotes previously recorded resource.

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Legend Shovel Test ¹ Newly Recorded Structure Previously Recorded Linear Resource Newly Recorded Resource Group (cemetery) 350' Historical APE

8PO08030

8PO08032 8PO07219

8PO08031

8PO08037 8PO07119

8PO08033

8PO08034 8PO08035

8PO08036

Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, 0 250 500 CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, Feet IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, 0100200 HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Meters 10/2/2013 Figure 5.1. Location of newly recorded buildings, cemetery Recker Highway (resource group), previously recorded linear resource and shovel Grade Separation over tests (not to scale) within the Recker Highway APE. CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01 5-3

Photo 5.1. South Florida (CSX) Railroad (8PO07219) within the APE. Note modern improvements to the track and recent changes to the once rural setting.

8PO07219: The previously recorded linear resource is the South Florida (CSX) Railroad (8PO07219) (Photo 5.1). A small section of the railroad lies within the APE. The segment of the resource (now known as the CSX Railroad) is located in Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 (USGS Auburndale [1975]). It is approximately 500 feet long and extends 250 feet east and 250 west of Recker Highway between Hillcrest Road to the north and West Derby Avenue to the south (Figure 4.1). The South Florida Railroad was constructed circa 1888 and extended from Tampa to Sanford. The Plant System gained control of the railroad in 1893 and later merged with the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL). The ACL and the Seaboard Air Line Railroad united in 1967 to create the Seaboard Air Coast Line, which became the CSX Corporation after a 1986 merger. Throughout its history, the railroad has been important to the development of Polk County (Janus Research 2008).

Six other segments of this resource outside of the APE but within Polk County have been previously recorded and evaluated (Janus Research 2008, PBS&J 2009, Environmental Services, Inc. 2009, ACI 2013, 2014, 2015). The SHPO evaluated these segments and found that there was insufficient information to make a determination except for the segments recorded in 2009 by PBS&J and in 2015 by ACI. The latter two segments did not retain the rail lines and no physical remnants of the railroad remained. During the 1890s through the 1920s, the railroad was critical to the growth of Polk County as an agricultural hub and shipping point. However, the railroad segment contained within the project APE no longer retains significant historic associations, and the current track, constructed on gravel ballast, reflects modern maintenance and improved construction techniques which have diminished its historic integrity making it undistinguishable from the many other railroad lines that cross through Polk County today. Finally, while the railroad line may have played an important role in the history of Polk County, the small segment in the APE is not considered potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP, and a survey and evaluation of the entire length of the line was beyond the scope of this project.

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Photo 5.2. Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (8PO07119), looking south.

8PO07119: The Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (Photo 5.2) was established circa 1940. The 32.14-acre cemetery is bounded by Recker Highway to the south and west, West Derby Avenue to the north, and a large power plant to the east. There are approximately 3,000 gravesites within the cemetery boundary, and the range of death dates is from 1938 to 2015. There does not seem to be a discernible method of grave placement other than small clusters of family groupings. The cemetery is divided into twenty-three sections that are bordered by paved roads. Methods of marking graves include simple and ornate headstones, stone outlines, urns, plaques, flat stones, and an abundance of artificial flowers throughout. There are no perimeter fences or walls save for a chain- link fence associated with the power plant on the cemetery’s eastern boundary. There is only one entrance to the cemetery, and it is located along West Derby Avenue in close proximity to the cemetery’s office/maintenance building. The cemetery is owned by the City of Auburndale, and it is very well-maintained and still used for burials.

There is a Masonry Vernacular building from 1960 near the northern entrance of the cemetery. The one-story, square plan building serves as a combination office and maintenance shed. It rests on a continuous foundation of concrete and has concrete block walls clad in a combination of brick veneer and wood siding. The gable roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main entryway is on the south elevation through a single composite door beneath a vinyl shed awning. Windows are independent 6/6 wood double-hung sash units throughout. A new roof and a new front door were installed circa 2000. Structural and decorative features include an awning over the front door, wood window frames, extended eaves, cornice returns, and metal window grates. There is an inset one-car garage and an additional smaller space for tools and/or a golf cart on the north elevation. There are four front gable maintenance sheds northeast of the building. This cemetery office building is in fair condition and retains most of its original exterior fabric. Overall, however, it is a typical example of an altered Masonry Vernacular building found in the area and throughout the state, and research revealed no significant historic associations.

While there is no available property appraiser data that indicates exactly when the cemetery was established, an analysis of historic and modern aerial imagery in addition to early gravestones

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-5 within the cemetery suggests that the cemetery parcel was cleared circa 1940 and then divided in phases into seperate sections bordered by paved roads. The cemetery expanded outward in phases circa 1958, 1968, and 1995 (Photos 5.3-5.6). An early schematic of the cemetery layout depicts twenty-nine sections, but the southernmost portion of the parcel remains undeveloped as of October 2015 (Figure 5.2). While the cemetery was established prior to 1965, it does not derive its primary significance from graves of important persons, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events and therefore does not meet National Register Criteria Consideration D. As a result, Auburndale Memorial Park does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

Photo 5.3. 1941 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. The parcel appears to have been recently cleared.

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Photo 5.4. 1958 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the first four developed sections surrounded by paved roads. Compared to the 1941 aerial, the cemetery boundaries have shifted somewhat as the southwestern corner of the parcel is no longer part of the cemetery.

Photo 5.5. 1968 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the number of developed sections surrounded by paved roads has increased from four to sixteen. The depicted boundary

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represents the cemetery’s current configuration.

Photo 5.6. 2014 Aerial View (courtesy Google Earth mapping service). The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the number of developed sections surrounded by paved roads has increased from sixteen to twenty-three as of October 2015. The southernmost portion is undeveloped.

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Figure 5.2. Cemetery Layout Plan. Note the number of developed sections depicted in this plan is twenty-nine. As of October 2015, only twenty-three sections have been developed.

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Photo 5.7. 129 Recker Highway (8PO08030), looking southeast.

8PO08030: The Masonry Vernacular style building at 129 Recker Highway was constructed in 1954 (Photo 5.7). The one-story, square plan dwelling rests on a continuous foundation of concrete and has painted concrete block walls. The hip roof is covered with asphalt shingles, while the flat roof is sheathed in a built-up roof membrane. The main entryway is on the west elevation through a single composite door that opens on to a one-car garage. A pair of double doors on the south wall within the garage grants access to the interior. Windows are a mixture of stacked 3-lite aluminum awning units, single and paired aluminum 1/1 single-hung sash units and fixed pane units with aluminum frames. New doors and gutters were installed circa 2000. Structural and decorative features include metal awnings and a weathervane and roof vent on top of the hip roof. The dwelling is in fair condition and retains most of its original exterior fabric. Overall, however, it is a typical example of an altered Masonry Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08030 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

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Photo 5.8. 130 Recker Highway Building 1 (8PO08031), looking southeast. Photo courtesy Google Earth mapping service.

8PO08031: The Frame Vernacular style building at 130 Recker Highway was constructed in 1940 (Photo 5.8). The one-story, rectangular plan dwelling sits on concrete block piers and has a wood frame structural system clad in vinyl siding. The stepped gable roof is covered with composition shingles. The main entryway is on the north elevation through a single 15-panel wood door that opens on a full-width enclosed front porch beneath a front gable roof. Windows are a mixture of individual, paired and grouped stacked 4-lite aluminum awning units, independent and paired 2/2 single-hung sash aluminum units, independent 1/1 single-hung sash aluminum units, and fixed pane vinyl units paired with 2/2 single-hung sash vinyl units. A new roof, windows, door and siding were installed circa 2000. Structural and decorative features include corner boards, extended eaves, and decorative latticework. There is a gable roof metal shed towards the southwest corner of the parcel. The dwelling is in fair condition and retains most of its original exterior fabric. Overall, however, it is a typical example of an altered Frame Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08031 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-11

Photo 5.9. 130 Recker Highway Building 2 (8PO08032), looking southwest.

8PO08032: The Frame Vernacular style building at 130 Recker Highway was constructed in 1952 (Photo 5.9). The one-story, rectangular plan dwelling sits on concrete block piers and has a wood frame structural system covered with stucco. The gable and hip roofs are covered with composition shingles. The main entryway is on the north elevation through a single door beneath a metal awning that opens on a partial-width enclosed front porch beneath a hip roof. Windows are fixed pane picture units with aluminum frames throughout. A new roof and new doors were installed circa 2005. Structural and decorative features include faux shutters, a metal awning over the front door, attic vents, and extended eaves. The dwelling is in fair condition and retains very little original exterior fabric. Overall, it is a typical example of an altered Frame Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08032 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-12

Photo 5.10. 252 Recker Highway (8PO08033), looking south.

8PO08033: The Frame Vernacular style building at 252 Recker Highway was constructed in 1940 (Photo 5.10). The one-story, T-shaped office building rests on a continuous foundation of concrete and has a wood frame structural system clad in a combination of brick veneer and wood siding. The cross-gabled roof is covered with composition shingles. The main entryway is on the north elevation through a single door with a fanlight within a partial-width, open, inset porch beneath a front gable roof supported by a single wood column. Windows are a combination of paired 3-lite awning units and independent 2/2 single-hung sash units, all with aluminum frames. The building was reroofed circa 2003. Structural and decorative features include corner boards, cornice returns, brick window sills, wood window frames, attic vents, and extended eaves. The building is in fair condition and retains some original exterior fabric. Overall, it is a typical example of an altered Frame Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08033 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-13

Photo 5.11. 1805 Thornhill Road (8PO08034), looking east.

8PO08034: The Masonry Vernacular style building at 1805 Thornhill Road was constructed in 1964 (Photo 5.11). The one-story, rectangular plan church rests on a continuous foundation of concrete and has concrete block walls clad in a combination of brick and wood siding. The gable roof is covered with composition shingles. The main entryway is on the west elevation through a double wooden door with decorative panels within a partial-width open front porch. The porch sits beneath a front gable roof overhang supported by 2 brick columns. Windows are 2/2 single-hung sash units with aluminum frames throughout. A new roof was installed circa 2003. Structural and decorative features include cornice returns, brick window sills, and extended eaves. There is a rectangular, side gable Sunday school building directly behind the east elevation of the church that is constructed of the same building materials with a modern door and a new metal roof circa 2005. The two buildings are very close to each other, but they are not connected. The main church building is in fair condition and retains some original exterior fabric. Still, it is a typical example of an altered Masonry Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08034 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-14

Photo 5.12. 1820 Thornhill Road (8PO08035), looking west. Photo courtesy Google Earth mapping service.

8PO08035: The Masonry Vernacular style building at 1820 Thornhill Road was constructed in 1963 (Photo 5.12). The one-story, rectangular plan dwelling rests on a continuous foundation of concrete and has concrete block walls partially clad in stone veneer. The gable roof is covered with composition shingles. The main entryway is on the east elevation through a single door within a partial-width, inset, open front porch beneath a side gable roof supported by four tapered columns on masonry piers. Windows are a mixture of independent 2/2 aluminum single-hung sash units, independent 8/8 vinyl single-hung sash units, and paired 6/6 vinyl single-hung sash units. New windows and siding were added circa 2014, and the fenestration of the building was also changed around this time (a one-car garage towards the northeast corner of the primary façade was enclosed and presumably reconfigured as additional living space). Structural and decorative features include tapered columns and extended eaves. There is a shed towards the southwestern corner of the parcel. This dwelling is in good condition but retains almost no original exterior fabric after a circa 2014 makeover. In addition, it is a typical example of a Masonry Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08035 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-15

Photo 5.13. 2000 Thornhill Road (8PO08036), looking northwest.

8PO08036: The Frame Vernacular style building at 2000 Thornhill Road was constructed circa 1940 (Photo 5.13). The one-story, rectangular plan dwelling has a wood frame structural system covered with wood siding and plywood. Due to the building’s location behind a fence and insufficient property appraiser data, its foundation type could not be determined. The gable roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main entryway is on the east elevation through a single modern door. Windows are a combination of independent 2/2 aluminum single-hung sash units and 1/1 aluminum single-hung sash units. A new front door was installed circa 1995. Structural and decorative features include wood window frames, extended eaves, and exposed rafter tails. The dwelling is in very poor condition. While it retains some historic exterior fabric, the building appears to have been moved on site from another location, further diminishing its integrity. Overall, it is a typical example of an altered Frame Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08036 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-16

Photo 5.14. 2107 Hillcrest Road (8PO08037), looking southeast.

8PO08037: The Frame Vernacular style building at 2107 Hillcrest Road was constructed in 1952 (Photo 5.14). The one-story, rectangular plan dwelling rests on concrete block piers and has a wood frame structural system covered with wood siding and plywood. The gable and shed roofs are covered with asphalt shingles. The main entryway is on the west elevation through a single door atop a concrete stoop that opens on a full-width enclosed front porch that faces north. Windows are a combination of independent and grouped 3-lite aluminum awning units. The building was re-roofed circa 1990. Structural and decorative features include wood window frames, corner boards, and some exposed rafter tails. There is a carport on the west elevation beneath a shed roof supported by metal poles. The dwelling is in poor condition but retains most of its original exterior fabric. Still, it is a typical example of an altered Frame Vernacular style building found throughout Polk County, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, 8PO08037 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

5.3 Conclusions

All cultural resources identified as a result of this survey were evaluated for their significance as per the criteria of eligibility for listing in the NRHP.

No archaeological resources were identified as a result of the archaeological background research and survey of the Recker Highway project APE.

Nine historic resources were newly identified and evaluated as the result of the current survey, and one previously recorded resource was reevaluated and the FMSF form was updated. These include eight historic buildings (8PO08030-8037), one cemetery (8PO07119), and a segment of the previously recorded Florida Railroad (CSX) linear resource (8PO07219). Of the newly recorded resources, all eight buildings have been altered with replacement materials and additions, and limited research did not reveal any significant associations to persons or events. In addition, they are common types for the general area with little to no architectural significance. The cemetery,

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway 5-17

Auburndale Memorial Park, does not derive its primary significance from graves of important persons, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events and therefore does not meet National Register Criteria Consideration D. As a result, none of the newly identified historic resources meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

The segment of Florida Coast Railroad (8PO07219) within the project APE is considered ineligible for listing in the NRHP due to modifications and changes in its historic fabric and setting, especially in the vicinity of the intersection of the rail and the highway which includes modern improvements and development in a once rural area. The small segment of the rail is no longer distinguishable from the many other railroad lines that cross through Polk County today. Finally, while the railroad may have played a significant role in the history of Polk County, the portion located within the project APE does not contribute significantly to the overall resource.

Based on these findings, there are no cultural resources within the project APE, including archaeological sites and historic resources, which are listed, determined eligible, or considered potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP.

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6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Dunbar, James S. 2006a Paleoindian Archaeology. In First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. Edited by S.D. Webb, pp. 403-435. Springer, The Netherlands. 2006b Pleistocene-Early Holocene Climate Change: Chronostratigraphy and Geoclimate of the Southeast US. In First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. Edited by S.D. Webb, pp. 103-155. Springer, The Netherlands.

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Environmental Services, Inc. 2010 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Loughman Yard Transfer Facility, Polk County, Florida. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Faux, Marsha M. 2016 Records Search. Polk County Property Appraiser, Bartow.

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Frisbie, Louise K. 1976 Yesterday's Polk County. E.A. Seeman Publishing, Inc., Miami.

Gleason, Patrick J. and P. Stone 1994 Age, Origin and Landscape Evolution of the Everglades Peatland. In Everglades: The Ecosystem and Its Restoration. Edited by S.M. Davis and J.C. Ogden, pp. 149-197. St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach.

Goggin, John M. 1952 Space and Time Perspective in Northern St. Johns Archaeology, Florida. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 47. 1998 Reprint, University Press of Florida, Gainesville.

Harner, Charles E. 1973 Florida's Promoters. Trend House, Tampa.

Hetherington, M.F. 1928 History of Polk County: Narrative and Autobiographical. The Record Company Printers, St. Augustine.

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HT/HCPB 1980 The Cultural Resources of the Unincorporated Portions of Hillsborough County: An Inventory of the Built Environment. Historic Tampa/Hillsborough County Preservation Board, Tampa.

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APPENDIX A: FMSF Forms

P15100 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Recker Highway PO07119 Page 1 HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8 ______Field Date______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original Form Date ______11-24-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update Recorder # ______1 Consult the Guide to Historical Cemetery Form for detailed instructions.

Cemetery Name ______Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery Multiple Listing (DHR only) ______Project Name ______CRAS Recker Highway Survey # (DHR only) ______Ownership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING

USGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE USGS Date ______1975 Plat or Other Map ______City/Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale In City Limits? †yes †no †unknown County ______Township______28S Range______25E Section______16 ¼ section NW SW SE NE Irregular Sect. Name ______Township______Range______Section______¼ section NW SW SE NE Landgrant ______Tax Parcel # ______252816000000011020 UTM Coordinates: Zone †16 †17 Easting 420288 Northing 3103429 Other Coordinates: X: ______28.053910 Y: ______-81.811098 Coordinate System & Datum ______Address / Vicinity / Route to ______1889 W Derby Ave ______Public Tract Containing Cemetery (e.g. park name) ______Auburndale Memorial Park HISTORY

Year Cemetery Established ______1940 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later Ownership History (especially original owners) ______City of Auburndale (1900) ______Year Burials Ceased, if applicable ______Reason(s) Burials Ceased ______Range of Death Dates: Earliest Year______1938 Most Recent Year______2015 Acreage Expansions/Dates ______Cemetery expanded outward in phases circa 1958, 1968, 1995 List People Important in Local, State, or National History Buried in Cemetery ______Describe Previous Repair, Cleaning or Restoration Efforts ______DESCRIPTION Type (check all that apply) †community †company town †epidemic †family †fraternal order †memorial park †military(not national) †municipal †national †potter’s field †prison †religious †Rural Movement †other(describe): ______Ethnic Group(s) Interred (check all that apply) †White non-Hispanic †Hispanic †Asian †Caribbean †African American †American Indian-tribe: ______†other(describe): ______Current Status: †still used for burials †no longer used for burials, but maintained †abandoned Condition: †well maintained †some areas maintained †poorly maintained †not maintained, but easily identifiable †not maintained, hard to identify †not identifiable but known to exist (explain): ______Total # of Graves: ______3,000 Does Total # Include Unmarked Graves?: †yes †no Describe Evidence of Unmarked Graves (include count) ______Artificial flowers placed on top Total Cemetery Size (give length by width or area, specify ft, m, ac, ha, etc.) ______32.14 ac Describe Cemetery Boundary (e.g. “cast iron fence”, stone or brick wall, hedge, etc.) ______S and W by Recker Hwy, N by West Derby Ave, E by ______fence and power plant property. No entry fences/walls Historical Vegetation (trees, shrubs, flowers) ______Unknown Public Access: †unlimited †restricted: how? ______Threats (check all that apply) †abandonment †agriculture †mining/timbering †public development †private development †desecration/vandalism †other (explain): ______Associated Historical Properties/Archaeological Remains (non-cemetery) ______c. 1960 Masonry Vernacular Maintenance/Office ______Building near Main Entrance Check if Historical Structure Form completed Check if Archaeological Site Form completed

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E048R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street,Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8 ______PO07119 GRAVE MARKER DESCRIPTIONS Grave Groupings (check all that apply) †family †fraternal order †military †religious †ethnic heritage †other (describe):______Does not ______appear to be a discernible method of grave placement other than clusters of family groupings Groupings Indicated By (check all that apply) †curbing †fence †hedge †wall †other (describe): ______Different sections of ______cemetery bordered by paved roads Describe Orientation of Graves (East/West, North/South, etc.)______East/West Describe/List Methods of Marking Graves Used (i.e., headstones, mounds, depressions, objects or plants, etc.) ______Simple and ornate headstones, ______stone outlines, urns, plaques, flat stones, artificial flowers, Marker Materials (check all that apply) †marble †concrete/cement †fieldstone †granite †wrought iron †cast iron †white bronze/zinc †sandstone †slate †wood †other (describe): ______Describe Grave Articles Found in Cemetery ______Very large amount of artificial flowers and urns ______Describe Marker Damage and Conditions (i.e., sunken, tilted, chipped, weathered but standing, broken in fragments, vandalized, etc.) ______Most are in good ______shape, cemetery is very well maintained ______Characterize Condition of Inscriptions (legible, illegible, none, etc.) ______Legible Distinctive Grave Markers, Monuments, and/or Architectural Features ______Signatures of Stone Carvers (specify name, town if available) ______RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) Bibliographic References (if unpublished give FMSF manuscript # or location where document available) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum ______Materials (PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required, whether significant or not) ______This cemetery does not derive its primary significance from ______graves of important persons, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic ______events. As a result, 8PO07119 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. Areas of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______Landscape architecture 5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______Local 6. ______DOCUMENTATION Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents Document type ______All materials at one location Maintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) Document description ______Photos, maps, field notes File or accession #’s ______P15100 Document type ______Maintaining organization ______2) Document description ______File or accession #’s ______INFORMANT & RECORDER INFORMATION Local Informant (name and contact information) ______Recorder Information: Name ______Thomas J. Wilson Affiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc Address / Phone / E-mail ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected]

n PHOTOCOPY OF USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH BOUNDARIES MARKED IN RED Required o PHOTOS, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINTS OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILES Helpful photos may include the main gate or entrance, representative general views, unusual monuments or Attachments markers, and damage or neglect. If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 2b HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8PO07119

CONTINUATION SHEET

Narrative Description: The Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (Photo 1) was established circa 1940. The address is 1889 West Derby Avenue, Auburndale. The 32.14-acre cemetery is bounded by Recker Highway to the south and west, West Derby Avenue to the north, and a large power plant to the east. The cemetery is surrounded by a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. There is only one entrance to the cemetery, and it is located along West Derby Avenue in close proximity to the cemetery’s office/maintenance building. The cemetery is owned by the City of Auburndale, and it is very well-maintained and still used for burials. There are approximately 3,000 gravesites within the cemetery boundary, and the range of death dates is from 1938 to 2015. There does not seem to be a discernible method of grave placement other than small clusters of family groupings. The cemetery is divided into twenty- three sections that are bordered by paved roads. Methods of marking graves include simple and ornate headstones, stone outlines, urns, plaques, flat stones, and an abundance of artificial flowers throughout. There are no perimeter fences or walls save for a chain-link fence associated with the power plant on the cemetery’s eastern boundary.

There is a Masonry Vernacular building from 1960 near the northern entrance of the cemetery (Photo 2). The one-story, square plan building serves as a combination office and maintenance shed. It rests on a continuous foundation of poured concrete and has concrete block walls clad in a combination of brick veneer and wood siding. The gable roof is covered with asphalt shingles. The main entryway is on the south elevation through a single composite door beneath a vinyl shed awning. Windows are independent 6/6 wood double-hung sash units throughout. A new roof and a new front door were installed circa 2000. Structural and decorative features include an awning over the front door, wood window frames, extended eaves, cornice returns, and metal window grates. There is an inset one-car garage and an additional smaller space for tools and/or a golf cart on the north elevation. There are four front gable maintenance sheds northeast of the building.

While there is no available property appraiser data that indicates exactly when the cemetery was established, an analysis of historic and modern aerial imagery in addition to early gravestones within the cemetery suggests that the cemetery parcel was cleared circa 1940 and then divided in phases into separate sections bordered by paved roads. The cemetery expanded outward in phases circa 1958, 1968, and 1995 (Photos 3-6). An early schematic of the cemetery layout depicts twenty-seven sections, but the southernmost portion of the parcel remains undeveloped as of October 2015 (Figure 1).

Explanation of Evaluation: While the cemetery was established prior to 1965, it does not derive its primary significance from graves of important persons, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events and therefore does not meet National Register Criteria Consideration D. The cemetery office building is in fair condition and retains most of its original exterior fabric. Overall, however, it is a typical example of an altered Masonry Vernacular building found in the area and throughout the state, and research revealed no significant historic associations. As a result, Auburndale Memorial Park does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district.

Page 2c HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8PO07119

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Photo 1. Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (8PO07119), looking south.

Photo 2. Cemetery office/maintenance building, looking north.

Page 2d HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8PO07119

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Photo 3. 1941 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. The parcel appears to have been recently cleared.

Photo 4. 1958 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the first four developed sections surrounded by paved roads. Compared to the 1941 aerial, the cemetery boundaries have shifted somewhat as the southwestern corner of the parcel is no longer part of the cemetery. Page 2e HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8PO07119

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Photo 5. 1968 Aerial View. The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the number of developed sections surrounded by paved roads has increased from four to fourteen. The depicted boundary represents the cemetery’s current configuration.

Photo 6. 2014 Aerial View of the Auburndale Memorial Park Cemetery (courtesy Google Earth mapping service). The cemetery is outlined in red. Note the number of developed sections surrounded by paved roads has increased from fourteen to twenty-one. The southernmost portion is undeveloped.

Page 2f HISTORICAL CEMETERY FORM Site #8PO07119

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Figure 1. Cemetery Layout Plan. Note the number of developed sections depicted in this plan is twenty-nine. As of October 2015, only twenty-three sections have been developed.

Page 3 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8PO07119

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8PO07119

0 150 300 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 050100 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8PO07119

USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO07119

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed Page 1 SSite #8 ______PO07219 RESOURCE GROUP FORM FField Date ______10-27-2015 † Original FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE FForm Date ______5-3-2016 † Update Version 4.0 1/07 RRecorder# ______13

NOTE: Use this form to document districts, landscapes, building complexes and linear resources as described in the box below. Cultural resources contributing to the Resource Group should also be documented individually at the Site File. Do not use this form for National Register multiple property submissions (MPSs). National Register MPSs are treated as Site File manuscripts and are associated to the individual resources included under the MPS cover using the Site File manuscript number.

Check ONE box that best describes the Resource Group: † Historic district (NR category “district”): buildings and NR structures only: NO archaeological sites † Archaeological district (NR category “district”): archaeological sites only: NO buildings or NR structures † Mixed district (NR category “district”): includes more than one type of cultural resource (example: archaeological sites and buildings) † Building complex (NR category usually “building(s)”): multiple buildings in close spatial and functional association † Designed historic landscape (NR category usually “district” or “site”): can include multiple resources (see National Register Bulletin #18, page 2 for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. parks, golf courses, campuses, resorts, etc.) † Rural historic landscape (NR category usually “district” or “site”): can include multiple resources and resources not formally designed (see National Register Bulletin #30, Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Rural Historic Landscapes for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. farmsteads, fish camps, lumber camps, traditional ceremonial sites, etc.) † Linear resource (NR category usually “structure”): Linear resources are a special type of rural historic landscape and can include canals, railways, roads, etc.

RResource Group Name ______South Florida Railroad (CSX) MMultiple Listing [DHR only] ______PProject Name ______CRAS Recker Highway, Polk County FFMSF Survey # ______NNational Register Category (please check one): † building(s) † structure † district † site † object LLinear Resource Type (if applicable): † canal † railway † road † other (describe): ______OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: N/AN/A CCity/Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale In Current City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty or Counties (do not abbr eviate) __Polk____ _County______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______1) TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______2) TTownship ______RRange ______SSection ______¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE 3) TTownship ______RRange ______SSection ______¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE 4) TTownship ______RRange ______SSection ______¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE UUSGS 7.5’ Map(s) 1) Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 2) Name ______UUSGS Date ______PPlat, Aerial, or Other Map (map's name, originating office with location) ______LLandgrant ______VVerbal Description of Boundaries (description does not replace required map) ______An approximately 500 ft. long segment of the railroad ______is located within the project APE, running east to west, 250 ft. on each side of Recker Highway between ______Hillcrest Rd to the N and W Derby Ave to the S. ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E057R0107 Florida Master Site File, Division of Historical Resources. R. A. Gray Building, 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850) 245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] PO07219 Page 2 RESOURCE GROUP FORM SSite #8______HISTORY & DESCRIPTION

CConstruction Year: ______1888 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later AArchitect/Designer(last name first): ______Unknown BBuilder(last name first): ______Unknwon TTotal number of individual resources included in this Resource Group: # of contributing______#1 of non-contributing ______TTime period(s) of significance (choose a period from the list or type in date range(s), e.g. 1895-1925) 1. ______Post-Reconstruction 1880-1897 3. ______2. ______Nineteenth C. American 1821-1899 4. ______NNarrative Description (National Register Bulletin 16A pp. 33-34; fit a summary into 3 lines or attach supplementary sheets if needed)______See attached continuation sheet. ______RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply)

† FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (specify) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF Manuscript # if relevant) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials (PALMM), ______accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

PPotentially eligible individually for National Register of Historic Places? †yes †no †insufficient information PPotentially eligible as contributor to a National Register district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (required, see National Register Bulletin 16A p. 48-49. Attach longer statement, if needed, on separate sheet.) ______See attached ______continuation sheet. ______AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Communications 3. ______5. ______2. ______Transportation 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Field Notes, photos FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson Affiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n PHOTOCOPY OF USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH DISTRICT BOUNDARY CLEARLY MARKED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP WITH RESOURCES MAPPED & LABELED p TABULATION OF ALL INCLUDED RESOURCES (name, FMSF #, contributing? Y/N, resource Attach ments category, street address or township-range-section if no address) q PHOTOS OF GENERAL STREETSCAPE OR VIEWS (Optional: aerial photos, views of typical resources) Photos may be archival B&W prints OR digital image files. If submitting digital image files, they must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital images must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 2b RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site #8PO7219

CONTINUATION SHEET

Boundary Description

The segment of the resource within the APE is located in Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 (USGS Auburndale [1975]). The segment is approximately 500 feet long and extends 250 feet east and 250 west of Recker Highway between Hillcrest Road to the north and West Derby Avenue to the south.

Narrative Description

The segment consists of two standard gauge tracks over gravel ballast. The South Florida Railroad (CSX RR) was constructed ca. 1888 and extended from Tampa to Sanford. The Plant System gained control in 1893 and later merged with the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL). The ACL and the Seaboard Air Line Railroad united in 1967 to create the Seaboard Air Coast Line. It became CSX Corporation after a 1986 merger. Six other segments of this resource outside of the APE but within Polk County have been previously recorded and evaluated (Janus Research 2008, PBS&J 2009, Environmental Services, Inc. 2009, ACI 2013, ACI 2014, ACI 2015). The SHPO evaluated these segments and found that there was insufficient information to make a determination except for the segments recorded in 2009 by PBS&J and in 2015 by ACI. These two segments did not retain the rail lines and no physical remnants of the railroad remained.

Explanation of Evaluation

The single standard gauge track constructed on gravel ballast reflects modern improvements in construction, including the replacement of railroad ties and other material which have diminished its integrity. It is not distinguishable from the many other railroad lines that cross through Polk County. Furthermore, a survey of the entire length of the line was beyond the scope of this project. While the railroad may have played a significant role in the history of Polk County, the small segment located within the APE does not contribute significantly to the overall resources and is therefore, not considered eligible for the NRHP as present within the project APE.

Bibliography

Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 2014 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey, Haines City Trail, Polk County, Florida. FDHR, Tallahassee.

Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 2014 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey, US 92 from County Line Rd to Wabash Avenue, Polk County, Florida. FDHR, Tallahassee.

Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 2015 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey, Fort Fraser Trail Extension, Polk County, Florida. FDHR, Tallahassee.

Environmental Services, Inc. 2010 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Loughman Yard Transfer Facility, Polk County, Florida. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Florida Master Site File (FMSF) 2016 FMSFWeb. Accessed online at http://www.flheritage.com/PRESERVATION/SITEFILE/FMSFWEB/frmMain.aspx Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Janus Research 2008 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Progress Energy Dundee to Intercession City Transmission Line Corridor, Polk and Osceola Counties. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

PBS&J 2010 A Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Report Bartow Northern Connector Design Project From US 98 to US 17. Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

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0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8PO07219

USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO07219

0 500 1,000 Feet

0150300 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08030 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-20-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _129___ __Recker______Highway______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 129 Recker Highway CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Hillcrest Rd and W Derby Ave UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252809000000022100 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name ______BBlock ______LLot ______UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420094 NNorthing 3103579 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1954 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1954 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1954 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2000 Nature ______New doors, gutters AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Alice F. Townsend (1986) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Masonry Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Square NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Concrete block 2. ______3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Hip 2. ______Flat 3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Asphalt shingles 2. ______Built-up 3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Stacked 3-lite aluminum awning; 1/1 SHS aluminum, single and paired; fixed pane with ______aluminum frame DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Metal awnings, weathervane on top of hip roof ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08030

DESCRIPTION (continued) CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Concrete block 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Continuous 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______W elevation, single composite door opens on to 1-car garage, main entrance within ______garage PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Masonry Vernacular dwelling is in fair condition and retains most of ______its original exterior fabric. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout the State. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Masonry Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08030 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08030

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8PO08030

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08030 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08030

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08031 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-20-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _130___ __Recker______Highway______Building______1______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 130 Recker Highway CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Hillcrest Rd and W Derby Ave UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252816346000000010 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name __Hillcrest______BBlock ______LLot ______1-3 UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420023 NNorthing 3103572 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1940 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1940 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1940 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2000 Nature ______New roof, windows, doors, siding AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______James F. Sheehan (2015) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Frame Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Vinyl 2. ______3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Composition shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Stacked 4-lite aluminum awning, ind, paired, grouped; 2/2 SHS aluminum, single and ______paired; 1/1 SHS aluminum, single; fixed pane vinyl; 2/2 SHS vinyl DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Corner boards, extended eaves, decorative latticework ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______Gable roof metal shed, SW corner ______of parcel ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08031

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____1 CChimney Material(s): 1. ______Metal 2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Wood frame 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Piers 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______N elevation, single 15-panel wooden door opens on to front porch ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______N elevation, full-width enclosed front porch beneath front gable roof ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Frame Vernacular dwelling is in fair condition and retains much of its ______original exterior fabric. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout the State. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Frame Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08031 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08031

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08031

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08031 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08031

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08032 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-20-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _130___ __Recker______Highway______Building______2______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 130 Recker Highway CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Hillcrest Rd and W Derby Ave UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252816346000000010 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name __Hillcrest______BBlock ______LLot ______1-3 UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420038 NNorthing 3103572 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1952 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1952 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1952 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2005 Nature ______New roof, doors AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______James F. Sheehan (2015) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Frame Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Stucco 2. ______3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______Hip 3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Composition shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Fixed pane picture, aluminum frames ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Faux shutters, metal awning, attic vents, extended eaves ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08032

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Wood frame 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Piers 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______N elevation, single door beneath metal awning opens on to front porch ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______N elevation, partial-width enclosed front porch beneath hip roof ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Frame Vernacular dwelling is in fair condition and retains very little ______original exterior fabric. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout the State. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Frame Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08032 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08032

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08032

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08032 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08032

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08033 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-23-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _252___ __Recker______Highway______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 252 Recker Highway CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Thornhill Rd and Barton Park Rd UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252816000000012010 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name ______BBlock ______LLot ______UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420255 NNorthing 3103144 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1940 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1940 To (year):______2003 CCurrent Use ______Office building From (year):______2003 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2003 Nature ______New roof AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Osceola Groves, Inc. (2003) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Frame Vernacular EExterior Plan ______T-shaped NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Wood siding 2. ______Masonry veneer-artificial 3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Cross-gabled 2. ______3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Composition shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Paired 3-lite awning windows w/ aluminum frames, independent 2/2 aluminum SHS ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Corner boards, cornice returns, brick window sills, wood window______frames, attic vents, extended eaves ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08033

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Wood frame 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______N elevation, single door with fanlight ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______N elevation, partial-width open inset porch beneath front gable roof ______supported by a single wood column ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Frame Vernacular dwelling is in fair condition and retains some ______original exterior fabric. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout the State. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Frame Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08033 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08033

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08033

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08033 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08033

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08034 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-23-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _1805______Thornhill______Road______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 1805 Thornhill Road CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Recker Hwy and Barton Park Rd UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252816000000012020 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name ______BBlock ______LLot ______UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420117 NNorthing 3103005 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1964 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Church/Temple/Synagogue From (year):______1964 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Church/Temple/Synagogue From (year):______1964 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2003 Nature ______New roof, doors AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Wayfair Primitive Baptist Church (1964) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Masonry Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Wood siding 2. ______Brick 3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Composition shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Independent 2/2 aluminum SHS ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Brick window sills, extended eaves, cornice returns ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______Side Gable Sunday School building ______directly behind church (E elevation), same building materials, rectangular, new metal roof, new doors ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08034

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Concrete block 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Slab 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______W elevation, double wooden door with decorative panels ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______W elevation, partial-width open front porch beneath front gable roof ______supported by 2 brick columns ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Masonry Vernacular church is in fair condition and retains some ______original exterior fabric. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout the State. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Masonry Vernacular style church,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08034 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______Community planning & development 5. ______2. ______Religion 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08034

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08034

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08034 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08034

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08035 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-24-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _1820______Thornhill______Road______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 1820 Thornhill Road CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Recker Hwy and Barton Park Rd UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name __252816000000014030______BBlock ______LLot ______UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420029 NNorthing 3102832 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1963 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1963 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1963 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-2014 Nature ______New windows, siding, fenestration change AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Joseph M. Mitchell (2012) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Masonry Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Masonry veneer-artificial 2. ______Concrete block 3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Composition shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Independent 2/2 aluminum SHS, 8/8 independent vinyl SHS, paired 6/6 vinyl SHS ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Tapered columns, extended eaves ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______Shed, SW corner of parcel ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08035

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Concrete block 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Slab 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______E elevation, single door ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______E elevation, partial-width, inset, open front porch beneath side gable ______roof supported by 4 tapered columns on masonry piers ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Masonry Vernacular dwelling is in good condition and retains almost no ______original exterior fabric after c.2014 makeover. Overall, a typical style found in the area and throughout ______the state. AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Masonry Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08035 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08035

PHOTOGRAPH

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8PO08035

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08035 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08035

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08036 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-24-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _2000______Thornhill______Road______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 2000 Thornhill Road CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Success Rd and Barton Park Rd UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name __252816000000014060______BBlock ______LLot ______2 UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 420055 NNorthing 3102856 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1940 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1940 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1940 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-1985 Original address ______Unknown AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-1995 Nature ______New front door AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Jose Velazquez (2013) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Frame Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Wood siding 2. ______Wood/Plywood 3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Asphalt shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Independent 2/2 aluminum SHS and 1/1 aluminum SHS ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Wood window frames, extended eaves, exposed rafter tails ______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______None visible ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08036

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Wood frame 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Slab 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete, Generic 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______E elevation, single modern door ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Frame Vernacular dwelling is in very poor condition but retains some ______original exterior fabric. The building appears to have been moved on site from another location. ______AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Frame Vernacular style dwelling______in poor condition, and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore,______8PO08036 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08036

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08036

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08036 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08036

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed PO08037 Page 1 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______FField Date ______10-27-2015 FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE † Original FForm Date ______11-24-2015 Version 4.0 1/07 † Update RRecorder # ______1 SShaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions.

SSite Name(s) (address if none) _2107______Hillcrest______Road______MMultiple Listing (DHR only) ______SSurvey Project Name _CRAS____ _Recker______Highway______SSurvey # (DHR only) ______NNational Register Category (please check one) † building † structure † district † site † object OOwnership: †private-profit †private-nonprofit †private-individual †private-nonspecific †city †county †state †federal †Native American †foreign †unknown LOCATION & MAPPING Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction AAddress: 2107 Hillcrest Road CCross Streets (nearest / between) ______Between Hillcrest Rd and W Derby Ave UUSGS 7.5 Map Name ______AUBURNDALE UUSGS Date ______1975 PPlat or Other Map ______CCity / Town (within 3 miles) ______Auburndale IIn City Limits? †yes †no †unknown CCounty ____Polk______TTownship ______28S RRange ______25E SSection ______16 ¼ section: †NW †SW †SE †NE Irregular-name: ______TTax Parcel # ______252816346000000040 LLandgrant ______SSubdivision Name __Hillcrest______BBlock ______LLot ______4-5 UUTM Coordinates: ZZone †16 †17 EEasting 419994 NNorthing 3103570 OOther Coordinates: X: ______Y: ______CCoordinate System & Datum ______NName of Public Tract (e.g., park) ______HISTORY CConstruction Year: ______1952 †approximately †year listed or earlier †year listed or later OOriginal Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1952 To (year):______curr CCurrent Use ______Private Residence (House/Cottage/Cabin) From (year):______1952 To (year):______curr OOther Use ______From (year):______To (year):______MMoves: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Original address ______AAlterations: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______1-1-1990 Nature ______Re-roofed AAdditions: †yes †no †unknown Date: ______Nature ______AArchitect (last name first): ______BBuilder (last name first): ______OOwnership History (especially original owner, dates, profession, etc.) ______Robert Rogers (2013) ______IIs the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? †yes †no †unknown Describe ______DESCRIPTION SStyle ______Frame Vernacular EExterior Plan ______Rectangular NNumber of Stories ______1 EExterior Fabric(s) 1. ______Wood siding 2. ______Wood/Plywood 3. ______RRoof Type(s) 1. ______Gable 2. ______Shed 3. ______RRoof Material(s) 1. ______Asphalt shingles 2. ______3. ______RRoof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.) 1. ______2. ______WWindows (types, materials, etc.) ______Independent 3-lite aluminum awning ______DDistinguishing Architectural Features (exterior or interior ornaments) ______Wood window frames, corner boards, some exposed rafter tails______AAncillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed.) ______Shed behind dwelling at the SE ______corner of parcel, carport beneath shed roof on W elevation ______

DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATION DHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO – Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: †yes †no †insufficient info Date ______Init.______KEEPER – Determined eligible: †yes †no Date ______† Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: †a †b †c †d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2)

HR6E046R0107 Florida Master Site File / Division of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Building / 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Phone (850) 245-6440 / Fax (850)245-6439 / E-mail [email protected] Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM SSite #8 ______PO08037

DESCRIPTION (continued)

CChimney: No.____ CChimney Material(s): 1. ______2. ______SStructural System(s): 1. ______Wood frame 2. ______3. ______FFoundation Type(s): 1. ______Piers 2. ______FFoundation Material(s): 1. ______Concrete Block 2. ______MMain Entrance (stylistic details) ______W elevation, single door atop concrete stoop opens on front porch ______PPorch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) ______N elevation, full-width enclosed front porch ______CCondition (overall resource condition): †excellent †good †fair †deteriorated †ruinous NNarrative Description of Resource ______One-story Frame Vernacular dwelling is in fair condition and retains most ______original exterior fabric. Overall, however, this is a typical style found in the area and throughout the ______State. AArchaeological Remains ______† CCheck if Archaeological Form Completed

RESEARCH METHODS (check all that apply) † FMSF record search (sites/surveys) † library research † building permits † Sanborn maps † FL State Archives/photo collection † city directory † occupant/owner interview † plat maps † property appraiser / tax records † newspaper files † neighbor interview † Public Lands Survey (DEP) † cultural resource survey (CRAS) † historic photos † interior inspection † HABS/HAER record search † other methods (describe) ______USDA historic aerial photographs (Accessible through PALMM) BBibliographic References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) ______Publication of Archival Library & Museum Materials______(PALMM), accessible online at: http://susdl.fcla.edu/ ______OPINION OF RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? †yes †no †insufficient information AAppears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? †yes †no †insufficient information EExplanation of Evaluation (requiredd, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) ______This is a common Frame Vernacular style dwelling,______and limited research did not reveal any significant historical associations. Therefore, 8PO08037 does______not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP. AArea(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. “architecture”, “ethnic heritage”, “community planning & development”, etc.) 1. ______Architecture 3. ______5. ______2. ______Community planning & development 4. ______6. ______DOCUMENTATION

AAccessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents DDocument type ______All materials at one location MMaintaining organization ______Archaeological Consultants Inc 1) DDocument description ______Maps, photos, field notes FFile or accession #’s ______P15100 DDocument type ______MMaintaining organization ______2) DDocument description ______FFile or accession #’s ______RECORDER INFORMATION

RRecorder Name ______Thomas J. Wilson AAffiliation ______Archaeological Consultants Inc RRecorder Contact Information ______8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A, Sarasota, FL 34240/941-379-6206/[email protected] (address / phone / fax / e-mail)

n USGS 7.5’ MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION PINPOINTED IN RED Required o LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP (available from most property appraiser web sites) Attachments p PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, ARCHIVAL B&W PRINT OR DIGITAL IMAGE FILE If submitting an image file, it must be included on disk or CD AND in hard copy format (plain paper is acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08037

PHOTOGRAPH

AERIAL MAP ¹

8PO08037

0 50 100 Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, Feet CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, 02040 IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Esri, HERE, Meters DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors Page 4 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8PO08037 USGS Auburndale Township 28 South, Range 25 East, Section 16 ¹

8PO08037

0 500 1,000 Feet

0200400 Meters Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed

APPENDIX B: Survey Log

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0 0.25 0.5 Miles 00.51 Kilometers Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed Recker Highway Grade Separation over CSX Railroad Recker Highway Sections 9, 15 and 16 of Township 28 South, Range 25 East Grade Separation over USGS Auburndale, 1977 CSX Railroad PD&E Study Polk County Polk County, Florida; FPID No. 436560-1-22-01