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The Florida Historical Quarterly COVER In 1926, when a lawsuit filed in open court accused Addison Mizner of fraud and al- leged his company was insolvent, angry depositors stormed the Mizner-affiliated banks in Palm Beach County. Photograph courtesy of Historical Society of Palm Beach County. The Florida Historical Quarterly Volume LXXV, Number 4 Spring 1997 The Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) is published quarterly by the Flor- ida Historical Society, 1320 Highland Avenue, Melbourne, FL 32935, and is printed by E.O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, FL. Second-class postage paid at Tampa, FL, and at additional mailing office. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the Florida Historical Quarterly, 1320 Highland Avenue, Melbourne, FL 32935. Copyright 1997 by the Florida Historical Society, Melbourne, Florida. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Kari Frederickson, Editor Samuel Proctor, Editor Emeritus Nancy Rauscher, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Raymond O. Arsenault, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg William S. Coker, University of West Florida David R. Colburn, University of Florida James B. Crooks, University of North Florida Kathleen Deagan, University of Florida Wayne Flynt, Auburn University Michael V. Gannon, University of Florida Maxine D. Jones, Florida State University Harry A. Kersey, Jr., Florida Atlantic University Jane Landers, Vanderbilt University Eugene Lyon, Flagler College John K. Mahon, University of Florida Raymond A. Mohl, University of Alabama at Birmingham Gary R. Mormino, University of South Florida Theda Perdue, University of Kentucky Gerald E. Poyo, St. Mary’s University Joe M. Richardson, Florida State University William W. Rogers, Florida State University Daniel L. Schafer, University of North Florida Correspondence concerning contribution, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Department of History, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-1350. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, originality of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and interest of readers are considered. All copy should be dou- ble spaced and about 25 pages or 6,000 words. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text. Documentation should conform to The Chicago Manual of Style. THE AUTHOR SHOULD SUBMIT AN ORIGINAL AND A PHOTOCOPY, RETAINING A COPY FOR SECURITY Authors are also asked to submit articles on a diskette in IBM WordPerfect 5.1. The Florida Historical Society and the editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsibility for statements made or opin- ions held by authors. The Quarterly reviews books dealing with all aspects of Florida history. Books to be reviewed should be sent to the editor together with price and information on how they may be ordered. Table of Contents ADDISON MIZNER: PROMOTER IN PARADISE Raymond B. Vickers 381 RAISING CANE AND REFINING SUGAR: FLORIDA CRYSTALS AND THE FAME OF FELLSMERE Gordon Patterson 408 REVIEW ESSAY HOPE AMONG THE RUINS: THE PERCY FAMILY AND THE SOUTHERN IMAGINATION John Mayfield 429 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS “AS TO THE PEOPLE”: THOMAS AND LAURA RANDALL’S OBSERVATIONS ON LIFE AND LABOR IN EARLY MIDDLE FLORIDA William Warren Rogers, Jr. 441 “WAS I A MEMBER OF CONGRESS . .“: ZACHARY TAYLOR’S LETTER TO JOHN J. CRITTENDEN, JANUARY 12, 1838, CONCERNING THE SECOND SEMINOLE WAR Harry A. Kersey, Jr. and Michael Petersen 447 BOOK REVIEWS . 462 BOOK NOTES . 503 HISTORY NEWS . 505 INDEX TO VOLUME LXXV . 508 BOOK REVIEWS CATHOLIC PARISH LIFE ON FLORIDA’S WEST COAST, 1860-1968, by Michael J. McNally reviewed by Michael Gannon CESAR CHAVEZ: A TRIUMPH OF SPIRIT, by Richard Griswold del Castillo and Richard A. Garcia reviewed by Cindy Hahamovitch AN ASSUMPTION OF SOVEREIGNTY: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL TRANSFORMATION AMONG THE FLORIDA SEMINOLES 1953-1979, by Harry A. Kersey, Jr. reviewed by John K. Mahon CHOCTAW GENESIS, 1500-1700, by Patricia Galloway reviewed by F. Michael Williams THE TRANSFORMING HAND OF REVOLUTION: RECONSIDERING THE AMERICAN REVOLU- TION AS A SOCIAL MOVEMENT, edited by Ronald Hoffman and Peter J. Albert reviewed by Edmund F. Kallina, Jr. LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789, Vol. 23, November 7, 1785-Novem- ber 5, 1786, edited by Paul Smith and Ronald M. Gephart reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon HONOR AND SLAVERY: LIES, DUELS, NOSES, MASKS, DRESSING AS A WOMAN, GIFTS, STRANGERS, HUMANITARIANISM, DEATH, SLAVE REBELLIONS, THE PROSLAVERY ARGUMENT, BASEBALL, HUNTING AND GAMBLING IN THE OLD SOUTH, by Kenneth S. Greenberg reviewed by Richard C. Crepeau ROBERT STAFFORD OF CUMBERLAND ISLAND: GROWTH OF A PLANTER, by Mary R. Bullard reviewed by Fred W. Brogdon IN THE MASTER’S EYE: REPRESENTATIONS OF WOMEN, BLACKS, AND POOR WHITES IN ANTEBELLUM SOUTHERN LITERATURE, by Susan J. Tracy reviewed by Anne E. Rowe LEE THE SOLDIER, edited by Gary W. Gallagher reviewed by John M. Belohlavek CHANCELLORSVILLE: THE BATTLE AND ITS AFTERMATH, edited by Gary W. Gallagher reviewed by Hutch Johnson Now THE WOLF HAS COME: THE CREEK NATION IN THE CIVIL WAR, by Christine Schultz White and Benton R. White reviewed by Patricia R. Wickman TWICE THE WORK OF FREE LABOR: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF CONVICT LABOR IN THE NEW SOUTH, by Alex Lichtenstein reviewed by Clay Ouzts TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE IN AMERICAN CULTURE: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND MEDI- CINE SINCE THE EARLY 1800s, edited by Hamilton Cravens, Alan I. Marcus, and David M. Katzman reviewed by William M. Straight, M.D. CIVILIZATION & BLACK PROGRESS: SELECTED WRITINGS OF ALEXANDER CRUMMEL ON THE SOUTH, edited by J. R. Oldfield reviewed by Larry E. Rivers SILK STOCKINGS & BALLOT BOXES: WOMEN & POLITICS IN NEW ORLEANS, 1920-1963, by Pamela Tyler reviewed by Edith Ambrose THE KINGFISH AND THE CONSTITUTION: HUEY LONG, THE FIRST AMENDMENT, AND THE EMERGENCE OF MODERN PRESS FREEDOM IN AMERICA, by Richard C. Cortner reviewed by Timothy S. Huebner THE NEW GEORGIA GUIDE, compiled by Georgia Humanities Council, introduction by Thomas G. Dyer reviewed by William Warren Rogers ONE NAME BUT SEVERAL FACES: VARIETY IN POPULAR CHRISTIAN DENOMINATIONS IN SOUTHERN HISTORY, by Samuel S. Hill reviewed by James Thomas Gay THE NEW CRUSADES, THE NEW HOLY LAND: CONFLICT IN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION, 1969-1991, by David T. Morgan reviewed by Bill J. Leonard MAKING CIVIL RIGHTS LAW: THURGOOD MARSHALL AND THE SUPREME COURT, 1936- 1961, by Mark V. Tushnet reviewed by Stephen Grant Meyer THE MAKING OF MARTIN LUTHER KING AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, edited by Brian Ward and Tony Badger reviewed by Wali Rashash Kharif Addison Mizner: Promoter in Paradise by RAYMOND B. VICKERS ALIFORNIA’S gold rush of 1849 and the Klondike gold rush of C 1898 pale when compared to the Florida land rush of 1925. As tales of quick profits captured the attention of the nation, the boom in paradise became the greatest speculative frenzy in his- tory.1 Florida’s climate, new roads, and low taxes had appeal, but the chance of easy money fueled the hysteria. Real estate promot- ers littered the state with “the joyful and confident devastation of development.” Anything could happen as subdivisions rose from snake-infested mangrove swamps. Not since the days of the car- petbaggers had so many opportunists and swindlers migrated south.2 Addison Mizner was the most flamboyant promoter in par- adise. Historian George Tindall described him as “one of the great charlatan-geniuses of the Twenties.” Mizner, who had become the leading architect for the leisure class of Palm Beach, designed a grandiose plan to transform Boca Raton into the world’s premier resort. Its centerpiece would be Castle Mizner, his own $1 million house, to be built on an island in the middle of Lake Boca Raton. Raymond B. Vickers is an attorney in Tallahassee and author of Panic in Para- dise: Florida’s Banking Crash of 1926. 1. Pierre Berton, Klondike: The Last Great Gold Rush 1896-1899 (Toronto, 1990), 524; Paul S. George, “Brokers, Binders, Builders: Greater Miami’s Boom of the Mid-1920s,” Florida Historical Quarterly 65 (July 1986), 27-51; George B. Tindall, “Bubble in the Sun,” American Heritage 16 (August 1965), 76-83, 109-11; Regi- nald T. Townsend, “Gold Rush to Florida,” The World’s Work (June 1925), 179; Kenneth L. Roberts, “Florida Fever,” Saturday Evening Post (December 5, 1925), 6-7, 207, 209; Gertrude Matthews Shelby, “Florida Frenzy,” Harper’s Monthly Mag- azine (January 1926), 177-86; “Florida Madness,” New Republic (January 27, 1926), 258-59; Theyre Hamilton Weigall, Boom in Paradise (New York, 1932), 30; Miami Herald, January 16, April 17, July 1, 2,1925. 2. Ida M. Tarbell, Introduction to Florida Architecture of Addison Mizner (New York, 1928), l-2; George, “Brokers,” 31; Frederick Lewis Allen, Only Yesterday: An Infor- mal History of the Nineteen-Twenties (New York, 1931), 227; John Kenneth Gal- braith, The Great Crash, 1929, (Boston, 1972), 8-12; Charlton W. Tebeau, A History of Florida (Coral Gables, 1971), 268-69. [381] 382 Castle Mizner, with its medieval drawbridge, was to become Addison Mizner’s $1 million dream-house and the center of his Boca Raton extravaganza. Photograph courtesy of Historical Society Palm Beach County. He planned a grand entrance for his medieval castle, complete with a functioning drawbridge.3 With a straight face, Mizner announced that his residence would be “a Spanish fortress of the twelfth century captured from its owner by a stronger enemy, who, after taking it, adds on one wing and another, and then loses it in turn to another who builds to suit his taste.” A brochure of the Mizner Development Corpora- tion declared: “Addison Mizner has planned his home to endure through the ages and house for the enjoyment of posterity, the art and architectural treasures which he has brought from the old world. No finer contribution to the architectural splendor of Boca Raton could be made by its founder.“4 3.
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