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THE LAND GRANT of 1862 Rl DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF EDUCATION BULLETIN, 1918, No.'1.3 THE LAND GRANT OF1862 rl AND THE LAND-GRANT COLLEGES BY BENJ. F. ANDREWS SPECIALIST IN. LANDGRANT COLLEGE STATISTICS BUREAU OF EDUCATION . WASHINGTONON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFF1Cg 1918 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION IUT RE PROCURED TIOM SUPERINTENDENT Or DocomEns GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WARRINGTON, D. C. AT 10 CENTS PER COPY CONIENTR Page. Letter 4 transmittal 5 Acknowledgments. 6 Morrill LandGrant. Art of 15;4;2 7 Act of IS64, to extend the time for accepting the grant 9 Art of 1866, extending the time within which agricultural'colleges may he established . 9 A ,.t of 1.cs3, amending se lion 4 of the art of IS62 .. 9 iirants to theseveral States and disposal of them 10 Alabama. 11 1 rizonaA rkansas 19 i :diforniti N- 13 I .11(Ira(11) 1 .01111(. ticn t 14 I )elaware Florida -, 15 Georgia IdahoIllinois .7.. 16 s. 17 Indiana 18 ' I owaKansasKentuck y 19 . Louisiana 4 Maine Maryland.... 20 22 `Massachuset 23 Michigan.. 24 Minnesaga 25 Mississippi 26 Missouri , 28 NIontatur - 29 Nebraska., 31 Nevada . .32 New Ilampshire-- New Jersey 34 New Mexico -New York : 35 North t'arolina. 36 North Dakota. 38 Ohio 39 Oklahoma 40 I regon 41 Pennsylvania .42 Rhode !shad p 43 South Carolina. 4. 44 South Dakota 46 Tennessee 47 Texas 48 Utah.. I., ,. 49 'VermontVirginia s 50 Trishington .." 31 West, Virginia , ' 52". , Wisconsin ,. i 53 Wyoming 54-- General discussion f 513. -Lands and scrip , 58 Colleges .. 59 Tables of theland-grant colleges and the 1362 laud-grant fund as of Juno 30, 1914. 60 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DErARTmENT OF THE INTERIOR, BUREAU OF EDITATION, Washington, June 23, 1917. SIR: The act of July 2, 1862, "donating public lands to the several states and Territories which may provide Colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts," led to the establishment ofa group of higher institutions, at least one in each State, having direct rut lations with the Federal Government and dedicated to a common purpos4 The purpose as slated ine art was "the promotion of the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes." As tram,lated in institutional practice it has meant. the professional training of men and women in agriculture, home economies, and . various branches of engineering. ' , In most of the fields in which these colleges now give training, however, there -was not in 1862 an organized gnu of scieatifie knowl- edge, sufficient to furnish working material for courses suchas higher institutions are expected to give.Before the common purpose which has informed these colleges could be partially realized, it has been necessary by research and experimentation to develop several Hei- cores and to nrganize the applications of them into Scientific pro- fessional curricula.The land-grant colleges have contributed largely who accomplishmentofthese things.Th.eir efforts have led to the establishment of several new professions, to the stimulation ofnew .. 1 achievement in both the great industrial fields to which they ministe?, to the higher training of numerous young persyns who could not or would not have sought iC in the:older channelsi and to the profound modification of 'both iVie.doctrine and the content. of higher education t hrougltout, the cotudry.The ntlluence which these colleges have had on the development of American life ii.3, perhaps-the most far= reaching influiunce that has come from any educationalsource in'the half eetury since the passage of the land-grant act.Taken together, these Mstitution4 represent America's most distinctive contribution to higher educational theory and practice. Now that the pOition of the land-grant colleges has becomeso plain, it is of special interest that all-impoKtant matters relating to their history snd their contemporaneous stStus should be recorded. One of the obscure chapters in the history of these 'institutions has been thedispositioti made by 'the' vatous.States of theon mindland t. of 1862, which provided for the establishment of institu .,tions.I have; therefore,gran- requested Mr; Benjamin F. ndrewsi.spe- cialist, in land-grant college statistics, to investigate this question. The, document submitted herewith contains the 'result of hisre-- searches.I recommend its publication. -as a bulletin of the Bureau of Education. Respectfully submitted. P. P. CLAXTON, .. .. The SECRETARY or TILE iNTEROR. Commissioner. 5 #11 'ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. In compiling the fort4going lti;:tory acknowledgmeint; is wade of the following aids and authorities: Publications of the United States Bureau of Education, especially the.atuitial 'reports of land-grant colleges,"rirculars of information, histories of educatihn in Itie various States, Bidletin, 1905, No. 348,"General. Laws Re-rm.:tugto Agricultural' antiMechanicid Coll." , . Annua reports and catalogues from the 1,111(1 -rant colleges from 1862 to 1916, inclusive. Reports of State land !monis, auditors, treasurers, rOnfpirollin, and other State otlicills. "Jlistory of.the Agricult oral College Land Grant, of July 2, IS62:- Halliday anal Finch.; 4: Federal Mid St iite Aid to Higher Education."-----Blackmar. 'Nationtil Legislation Concerning Education.--Cermann. "Forty Yearwa the rniversity of Minnesota, E. Bin! Johnson. " Ilistory of the University of ArkanSItS."ReynOhIS And ThOMMS. " riStory.of t ht University of North Carolina.--K. 11,.Battle.. "HiStory lteconstructi. on, Why the Solid Sont.h."llerbert. Session laws and -coaes of the various States and of the United States. Thanks are due to Mr. A. Kttlhach,, former. speciiiirt in land- grant cedlege stat and later chief clerk of the Bureau ofluluea- tion, for mulch timely assiAtance from his invaluable experience, and also to thuSe State and college officers who have take; time and ,,trouble-to seek out .and forward ,specid information and stsiist . aikl to aid with ad v and suggestions. BEtc.t. F. AxottEws, Rinriglisl in Land-firma l oll.,p talisarg, r THELANDGRANT OF 1862. AND THE LAND-GRANT COLLEGES. MORRILL LAND-GRANT ACT OF 1862. Donating politic lauds to the several States and Territories which may provide Mines for the benefit of agrieulture and the mechanic arts. Br iteilitriedby the Swat, and !louse of Representatives of the United States.of A merhyt in,,,,,frexs assembled,That therehi.granted to the several Slates, for the purpos6s hereinafter mentioned, an amount of public land, to be apportioned to each Statea (iminlityequal to :10,000acres for each Senator and Representative in ('ingress to which the States are respectively entitled by trio apportionment tinder thecensus of 1,40:Prop Ll1,'chat no mineral lands shall be ralected or purchased under the pan isionsof t his act. SET. 2.And be it further enacted,That the land aforesaid, after being surveyed, shall be appal-theml to the several Suttee in seclions or subdivisioQs of sections, not ler,s than one quarter of at section; and wherever there are public, lands ina State subject to sale at privat. entry at $1725 per acre, the quantity to which said State shallbe entitled shall be selected from such lands within the limits of such State; %and the Secretary of the Interior is hereby directed to issue to each of the Statesin which there is not the quantity of public Iambi subject to sale at private entry at $1 In per acre to which said State mays be entitled under the provisions of this act land scrip to the amount in arras for the deficiency of its distributive share, said scrip to be sold by said States and the proceeds thereof applied to the uses and purposes pretribed in this act, and for no other use or purpose whatsoever:l'rorided,That in tie case shall any State to which land scrip may thus be issued be allowed to locate the same within the limits of any other State or of any Territory of the United States; but their assignees may thus locate said land scrip upon any of ther-unappropriateil lands of the United States subject n; sale at private entry at $1.25or kw an acre: .And provided further,That not more than one million acres shall be located Ivy such ;as:di:neve in any one of the States:And prorated further,That no such location shall Ice made before one year ftwm the passage of this act. Sr.c.3.And pe it furthe) enacted,That,all the expenses of managenient,..eperiig- tendence,and.talc es from date of selection of said lands prte.iouti to.their sales and all expenses incurred in the management and disbursement ofmoneys Wfich may be received therefrom shall be paid by the States to which they may belong, out of the bwasury of said Statqq so that the entire proceeds of the sale ofsaidlands shall be applied, without anIdiminutionwhatever, to the purposes hereinaftermentioned. Sec.4.And be it further enacted,That all moneys deVved from the silo of the lode aforesaid bythe States to whichthe lands are apportioned, and fromthe sake of land scrip hereinbefore provided fur, shall be invested in stocks of theynited States or of the States, or some other safe stocks, yielding not lees than 5 per Mauro upon the par value of said stocks;aind that the moneys so invested shall constitute a perpetual fund; the capital of which shall remain forever undiminiafted, except so far as may be provided in section fifth of this act, and the interest ofwhich shall he lea iolebly appropriated by each State whichmay take and claim the benefit of this act to the T lit 4:AND., GRANTS AND THE LAND-GRANT COLI.F.(ES. : cadowmint, support, and maintenance of at. least one college, where the leading `object shall lie without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics, to teach stislQninches of learning as are related to agricultureand 'the mechanic arts in such maneas the legislatures Of the States may respectively prescribe-rescribe In orderto promote the-liberal an j practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life.
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