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Onstitutional Eview Volume 4, Number 2 ❏ December 2018 C ONSTITUTIONAL Constitutional Review Advisory Board Dr. Anwar Usman, S.H., M.H. Prof. Dr. Aswanto S.H., M.Si. DFM. R Prof. Dr.❏ Arief Megapolitical Hidayat, S.H.,Cases M.S. before the Constitutional Court of Indonesia since 2004: An Empirical Study EVIEW Prof. Dr. Enny Nurbaningsih, S.H., M.Hum. Dr. H. Wahiduddin Björn Dressel Adams, and S.H., Tomoo MA. Inoue Dr. I Dewa ❏Gede Indonesia’s Palguna, S.H.Judicial , M. Review Hum Regime in Comparative Dr. Suhartoyo,Perspective S. H. , M. H. Dr. Manahan M.Theunis P. Sitompul, Roux S.H., M. Hum Prof. Dr.❏ SaldiKorean Isra, Constitutional S.H., MPA. Court and Constitutionalism Prof. Dr. M. Gunturin Political Hamzah, Dynamics: S.H., M.H. Focusing on Presidential Kasianur ImpeachmentSidauruk, S.H., M.H. Dr. Wiryanto, Jin Wook S.H., Kim M.Hum. ❏ Volume 4, Number 2 Volume Referencing International Human Rights Law in Indonesian Constitutional Adjudication Bisariyadi ❏ Constitutional Retrogression in Indonesia Under President Joko Widodo’s Government: What Can the Constitutional Court Do? Abdurrachman Satrio ❏ ❏ Harmonization of Regulation Based on Pancasila December 2018 Values Through the Constitutional Court of Indonesia Tedi Sudrajat PUBLISHED BY CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND CASE ANALYSIS AND LIBRARY MANAGEMENT THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA TEH CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURTTHE REPUBLIC OF OF THE INDONESIA REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Constitutional Review, Volume 4, Number 2, December 2018 CONSTITUTIONAL REVIEWEditorial Team Volume 4, Number 2, December 2018Editor-in-Chief Pan Mohamad Faiz, Ph.D. Managing Editors CONTENTS Bisariyadi Megapolitical Cases before the Constitutional Court of Indonesia LuthfiSiti Rosmalina Widagdo Nurhayati Eddyono since 2004: An Empirical Study Oly Viana Agustine Editorial Board BjörnProf. Simon Dressel Butt, Ph.D. and Tomoo Inoue ........ 157-187 Sydney Law School, the University of Sydney Indonesia’s Judicial Review RegimeProf. Dr.in ByunComparative Hae-Cheol Perspective Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Theunis Roux ........ 188-221 Prof. Dr. H.R.B.M (Henk) Kummeling Utrecht University School of Law Korean Constitutional Court and Constitutionalism in Political Prof. Dr. I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani Dynamics: Focusing on PresidentialFaculty of Law, Impeachment Universitas Sebelas Maret Prof. Yuzuru Shimada, Ph.D.Jin Wook Kim ........ 222-248 DICOS, Nagoya University Referencing International HumanDhiana Puspitawati,Rights Ph.D.Law in Indonesian Constitutional AdjudicationFaculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya Muhammad Hayyan Ul Haq, Ph.D. Faculty of Law, Universitas Mataram Bisariyadi ........ 249-270 Mohamad Mova Al’afghani, Ph.D. Constitutional RetrogressionFaculty inof Law,Indonesia Universitas Under Ibnu Khaldun President Joko Widodo’s Government: What CanDr. Heribertusthe Constitutional Jaka Triyana Court Do? Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada Abdurrachman Satrio ........ 271-300 Dr. Matthias Hartwig Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law Harmonization of Regulation Based on Pancasila Values Through Dr. Michael Vagias The Constitutional Court ofThe Indonesia Hague University, the Netherlands Publisher’s Address Tedi Sudrajat ........ 301-325 Center for Research and Case Analysis and Library Management Biography The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Name Index Jl. Medan Merdeka Barat No. 6 Jakarta 10110 Subject Index Phone. (+6221) 23529000 Fax. (+6221) 352177 Author Guidelines E-mail: [email protected] This journalCitation can be is downloadedpermitted with on http://ejournal.mahkamahkonstitusi.go.id/ acknowledgement of the source The articles in this journal do not represent the opinion of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Advisory Board Dr. Anwar Usman, S.H., M.H. Prof. Dr. Aswanto S.H., M.Si. DFM. Prof. Dr. Arief Hidayat, S.H., M.S. Prof. Dr. Saldi Isra, S.H., MPA. Prof. Dr. Enny Nurbaningsih, S.H., M.Hum. Dr. H. Wahiduddin Adams, S.H., MA. Dr. I Dewa Gede Palguna, S.H. , M. Hum Dr. Suhartoyo, S. H. , M. H. Dr. Manahan M. P. Sitompul, S.H., M. Hum Prof. Dr. M. Guntur Hamzah, S.H., M.H. Kasianur Sidauruk, S.H., M.H. Dr. Wiryanto, S.H., M.Hum. TEH CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA CONSTITUTIONAL REVIEW Volume 4, Number 2, December 2018 CONTENTS Megapolitical Cases before the Constitutional Court of Indonesia since 2004: An Empirical Study Björn Dressel and Tomoo Inoue ........ 157-187 Indonesia’s Judicial Review Regime in Comparative Perspective Theunis Roux ........ 188-221 Korean Constitutional Court and Constitutionalism in Political Dynamics: Focusing on Presidential Impeachment Jin Wook Kim ........ 222-248 Referencing International Human Rights Law in Indonesian Constitutional Adjudication Bisariyadi ........ 249-270 Constitutional Retrogression in Indonesia Under President Joko Widodo’s Government: What Can the Constitutional Court Do? Abdurrachman Satrio ........ 271-300 Harmonization of Regulation Based on Pancasila Values Through The Constitutional Court of Indonesia Tedi Sudrajat ........ 301-325 Biography Name Index Subject Index Author Guidelines Constitutional Review Note From Editors Constitutional Review (CONSREV) Journal Volume 4 Number 2 is the last edition of CONSREV in 2018 published by Center for Research and Case Analysis and Library Management of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia. The aim of this journal is to disseminate research, conceptual analysis, and other writings which focus on constitutional issues. Articles published by CONSREV cover various topics on constitution, constitutional courts, constitutional courts decisions and issues on constitutional law in any country. This edition provides six articles discussing various topics such as the empirical study of possible determinants of decisions of Indonesian Constitutional Court’s judges over the period 2003-2018, a comparative perspective on judicial review in Indonesia after the establishment of the Constitutional Court in 2003, the presidential impeachment happened in South Korea, the use of international human rights law as references in Indonesian constitutional adjudication, the constitutional retrogression in Indonesia during President Joko Widodo’s Government, and the role that should be presented by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia to harmonize the ideology of Pancasila in the Indonesia legal substance. The first article is written by Björn Dressel and Tomoo Inoue. The authors’ main discussion is about the megapolitical cases before the Constitutional Court Note From Editors of Indonesia since 2004. It is an empirical study which tried to find the possible determinants of the decisions of its judges over the period 2003-2018. Based on the analysis, authors found declining dissent among justices on the bench over time and also provides evidence of strategic behaviour of justices at the ending of their own terms. The next article written by Theunis Roux provides a comparative perspective on judicial review in Indonesia after the establishment of the Constitutional Court in 2003. A well-known story of the “transformation of American law” over the first half of the last century is provided as the introduction. At the end, the author proposed that the Court urgently needs to present a coherent account of its legitimate claim to authority if it is to continue playing an effective role. The third article is written by Jin Wook Kim. This paper aims to discuss how the Constitutional Court has developed its strategic position in terms of political dynamics, by analyzing the two presidential impeachment cases. Kim concludes that the recent two impeachment cases decided by the Constitutional Court of Korea, respectively in 2004 against President Roh and in 2017 against President Park might be classic examples of how the state institutions including the Court interact with other institutions in a very political case like presidential impeachment, in terms of political dynamics. Then, an article by Bisariyadi mainly talks about the use of international human rights law in Indonesian constitutional adjudication as reference. Additionally, this study also aims to answer the question of what underlies the Court to made reference to international human rights law. As the result of the study, the author mentioned that the practice of referring to international law demonstrates the open attitude of Indonesian constitutional justices to the universal nature of fundamental rights. The fifth article is provided by Abdurrachman Satrio. It mainly discusses the constitutional retrogression in Idonesia under President Joko Widodo’s Government. This paper examines whether constitutional retrogression, the process through which democratically elected rulers use formal legal measures gradually to undermine democracy, has occurred in Indonesia, especially during the reign of President Joko Widodo. iv Constitutional Review, December 2018, Volume 4, Number 2 Note From Editors Finally, an article written by Tedi Sudrajat focuses on the harmonization of regulation based on the value of Pancasila through the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. The finding of the study shows that the paradigm development of Pancasila based on legal state should demand the development of a democratic constitutional state, which juxtaposes the principles of a rule-of-law (nomocracy) with harmonious and complementary principles of the sovereignty
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