The NEXT WEST
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a Canada West Foundation Publication DialoguesSpring 2007 The NEXT WEST Young Adults, Democracy, and the Future of Canada Canada West Foundation Board of Directors Chair James K. Gray Jim Hume Calgary, AB Calgary, AB Vice-Chair J.W. (George) Ivany N. Murray Edwards Kelowna, BC Calgary, AB Our Vision A.R. (Bob) Linner Vice-Chair Regina, SK A dynamic and prosperous West in a strong Canada. Brian Felesky Calgary, AB Janice MacKinnon Saskatoon, SK Doug Allen Victoria, BC Ronald P. Mathison Calgary, AB Carl G. Amrhein Edmonton, AB Ray McKay Lac La Ronge, SK Our Mission David T. Barnard Regina, SK J. Peter Meekison A leading source of strategic insight, conducting and Victoria, BC communicating non-partisan economic and public policy Jim Carr Winnipeg, MB H. Sanford (Sandy) Riley research of importance to the four western provinces, the Winnipeg, MB Jim Dinning territories, and all Canadians. Calgary, AB Tony Stewart Kelowna, BC Brenda Eaton Victoria, BC Gail Surkan Red Deer, AB Canada West Foundation is a registered Canadian charitable Jim Eldridge Winnipeg, MB Susan A. Thompson organization incorporated under federal charter Winnipeg, MB (#11882 8698 RR 0001). David Farlinger Winnipeg, MB Robert Westbury Edmonton AB Gary Filmon Winnipeg, MB Dick Wilson In 1970, the One Prairie Province? A Question for Canada Calgary, AB Jock A. Finlayson Conference was held in Lethbridge, Alberta. Sponsored by the Vancouver BC University of Lethbridge and the Lethbridge Herald, the conference received considerable attention from concerned citizens and community leaders. The consensus at the time was that research on the West Directors Emeritus (including British Columbia and the Canadian North) should be expanded by a new organization. William Deyell, Nanoose Bay, BC David K. Elton, Calgary, AB To fill this need, the Canada West Foundation was established under Robert Pierce, Calgary, AB letters patent on December 31, 1970. The first Canada West Council Rt. Hon. Edward Schreyer, Winnipeg, MB was elected in June 1973. Since that time, the Canada West Foundation has established itself as Founders one of Canada’s premier research institutes. Non-partisan, accessible research and active citizen engagement are hallmarks of the Canada G. Maxwell Bell West Foundation’s past, present, and future endeavours. These efforts Arthur J.E. Child are rooted in the belief that a strong West makes for a strong Canada. Frederick C. Mannix Hon. James Richardson www.cwf.ca a Canada West Foundation Publication a Canada West Foundation Publication Dialogues DialoguesSpring 2007 2 Everything Old is New Again by Robert Roach 4 Three Reasons to Vote by Leanne Hosfield 7 Focus on Voting: Examining Democratic Governance in Canada The by Dominika Boczula NEXT 9 Is Voting Important? WEST by Nick Dragojlovic Young Adults, Democracy, and the Future of Canada 10 Democratic Responsibility by Benjamin Gill 12 Social Capital VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2 by Ashley Groenewegen © 2007 Canada West Foundation 14 Democracy in Canada? Lessons From Nigeria Permission is hereby granted to use or reproduce this by Temitope Oriola publication for personal or classroom use without fee or 16 Voting Binds Us Together formal request. Copies may not be made or distributed by Jason Rumancik for profit or commercial advantage. 17 Voter Turnout is Not the Issue by Sara Shand Address correspondence to: Robert Roach, Editor 19 If I Had a Hammer: Building Capacity and Engaging Canada’s Youth Dialogues Magazine by Mary Pat MacKinnon and Judy Watling Canada West Foundation 21 The Next West Generation: A Case of Arrested Political Development? 900, 1202 Centre Street SE by Kari Roberts Calgary, AB T2G 5A5 Tel: 403.264.9535 24 Civic Engagement in Canada [email protected] by Salima Ebrahim 26 Could the Standard of Living of Future Generations be at Risk? Publisher: Canada West Foundation by Brett Gartner Editor: Robert Roach Layout + Design: Jason Azmier 28 Understanding Generation Next: The Looking West 2006 Survey by Loleen Berdahl and Robert Roach Advertising Enquiries: 31 The Geography of Loyalty for Young Western Canadians 403.264.9535 by Jason Bristow [email protected] 33 Through the Other End of the Telescope by Roger Gibbins The opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the Canada West Foundation’s Board of Directors, advisors, or funders. ISSN 1712-8986 (Print) ISSN 1712-8994 (Online) www.cwf.ca DIALOGUES • Spring 2007 1 A Note From the Editor Robert Roach, Director of Research Canada West Foundation Everything Old Is New Again The aging of Canada’s population is a hot topic. Back To this end, the Canada West Foundation has been carrying out a in 1996, one of the first papers I wrote for the Canada West number of activities aimed at understanding and engaging young Foundation was a piece on the policy implications of an aging adults. Last year, the Looking West Survey included interviews with population and the demographic bulge created by the baby 2,000 western Canadians between the ages of 18 and 34 years of boomers (those born between 1947 and 1966). age. The result is a treasure trove of quantitative information on the democratic behaviours and public policy preferences of what The baby boom generation has been a dominant social, political we have termed “the Next West Generation.” and economic force since Dr. Benjamin Spock (not to be confused with Mr. Spock from Star Trek) encouraged parents to develop The picture of the Next West Generation that emerges from the their child’s individual nature rather than focus on rigid rules. survey is a group that tends to identify less closely with Canada When the boomers were young, everything from television shows than older western Canadians and that tends to see Canadian to social movements was affected. The same was true as the politics in rather negative terms. In regard to the latter, about 6 in boomers entered middle age and tickets for the Eagles reunion 10 western Canadians between 18 and 35 years of age agree with tour went like hotcakes. This pattern is repeating itself as the the following statements: “elections rarely deal with the issues boomers near retirement age and are about to be added to what that I feel are important” and “there is no political party that I is already the largest cohort of seniors in Canadian history. Less really agree with.” than 5% of Canadians were over 65 at the time of Confederation compared to over 13% today. It is not a surprise that the aging Interestingly, the findings are roughly the same for those over of the population is heavy on the minds of politicians looking for 35 years of age; the perceived relevance of contemporary votes, real estate agents with resort property to unload and policy Canadian politics to the average Canadian—be they under 35 or wonks trying to get a handle on future political trends and policy over 35—is alarmingly low. For those who believe that a strong demands. nation, a healthy democracy and good public policy all require an electorate that is broadly engaged with the politics of the day, we While this makes perfect sense, there is a danger that the have our work cut out for us. generations coming up behind the boomers (roughly those under 40 years of age) will be overshadowed by the noisy demands of Will this get worse or better as the Next West Generation gets the older end of the age continuum. It is not likely that policy- older? Only time will tell, but the survey findings make it clear that makers are suddenly going to forget all about children, post- forging a deeper attachment to the political process in Canada secondary students, and the thirtysomethings eyeing their jobs. will have to overcome a large amount of skepticism among both Nonetheless, it worth taking special steps to make sure that we the young and the old. understand the opinions and aspirations of the generations that are following in the wake of the boomers. To help generate debate about the role of voting in a liberal democracy, we launched an essay contest that invited western 2 DIALOGUES • Spring 2007 www.cwf.ca Canadian post-secondary students to write papers explaining why Generation tick in terms of political identity, democratic participation, voting is or is not important. A $5,000 cash prize was awarded to and public policy preferences. University of Calgary student Leanne Hosfield for writing the winning essay. Leanne’s essay, and seven others chosen by a panel of judges The second is a major conference taking place in October called to be the best of the best, appear in this edition of Dialogues. If these Generating Wealth: A Summit for Western Canada’s Next Generation essays are any indication, the democratic spirit is alive and well in of Business Leaders. The conference will bring together about 80 western Canada. The task at hand is to ensure that the thoughtfulness young business leaders and entrepreneurs from across the West. The regarding the democratic process expressed in these essays is shared purpose is to provide a forum in which the next generation of wealth by all Canadians. generators can share their thoughts on the future of the western Canadian economy, how they want to shape that future, and what A second round of the contest asks students to write essays on the role they think that governments should play as they do so. “hot” topic of climate change. In this small, but meaningful way, the Canada West Foundation will continue to engage post-secondary These specific activities are complemented by our ongoing students in key policy debates and, at the same time, increase our engagement of young adults through the Canada West Foundation understanding of how young adults view the issues of the day.