Cultural Heritage Statement
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London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Ltd October 2010 London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 © The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited 2009, All rights reserved Maps reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2009. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey License number 0100048440 Aerial images are reproduced by permission of Getmapping Plc 2009 in association with Pro Map. All rights reserved. License number 100020449 London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 Contents 1.0 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 6 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................................................. 7 Location,Geology and Topography ................................................................................. 8 The Detailed Geography of the Eton Rowing Lake Course ............................................ 5 Sources Consulted ........................................................................................................ 11 2.0 Planning Context......................................................................................................... 12 National Guidance......................................................................................................... 12 Local Guidance ............................................................................................................. 15 3.0 The Recorded Cultural Heritage Resource............................................................... 19 Designated Cultural Heritage Assets ............................................................................ 19 Introduction to previous archaeological work................................................................ 19 Palaeolithic and Mesolithic (5000,000 - 4,000 BC) ....................................................... 20 Neolithic (4,000BC - 2400 BC)...................................................................................... 21 The Bronze Age (2400 BC - 800 BC)............................................................................ 24 The Iron Age (800 BC - AD43)...................................................................................... 26 The Roman Period (AD43 - 410) .................................................................................. 28 The Anglo-Saxon Period (AD410 - 1066) ..................................................................... 29 The Medieval Period (AD1066 - 1485).......................................................................... 30 The Post-Medieval and Modern Period (AD1485+) ...................................................... 32 The Built Historic Environment...................................................................................... 33 The Historic Landscape................................................................................................. 35 4.0 Archaeological Potential and Survival...................................................................... 37 Previous Impacts and Survival...................................................................................... 37 Archaeological Potential................................................................................................ 38 5.0 Potential Impacts and Mitigation ............................................................................... 40 Overview of the Proposals ............................................................................................ 40 London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 Walkover Survey ........................................................................................................... 41 Archaeological Assets - Potential Impacts.................................................................... 43 Built Heritage Assets - Potential Impacts ...................................................................... 43 Histoic Landscape Assets - Potential Assets................................................................ 44 Mitigation Options.......................................................................................................... 44 6.0 Conclusion................................................................................................................... 46 Appendices Appendix 4A: Cultural Heritage Assets Gazetteer - Identified Features in 1km Study Area Appendix 4B: Cultural Heritage Assets Gazetteer - Identified Features in Dorney Lake London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 This statement is prepared on behalf of the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA). The statement is submitted in support of the planning applications for the Eton Dorney Olympic and Paralympic venue, which will host Olympic Rowing and Canoe Sprint events and Paralympic Rowing events. 1.1.2 The Eton Dorney venue falls within the administrative boundaries of two Local Authorities, namely South Buckinghamshire District Council (SBDC) and Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead (RBWM). The site also falls within the boundaries of Buckinghamshire County Council (BCC). For the purposes of these planning applications, the venue comprises Dorney Lake, Windsor Racecourse and the River Thames as the three principal components. 1.1.3 This submission consists of five planning applications which comprise the following: • Planning application for the Temporary Pedestrian River Crossing submitted to SBDC; • Planning application for the Temporary Pedestrian River Crossing submitted to RBWM; • Planning application for the Olympic Transport Hub at Windsor Racecourse submitted to RBWM; • Planning application for Eton Dorney Rowing Lake overlay submitted to SBDC; and • Planning application for the Variation of Condition 15 of planning permission SBD/8201/05, submitted to BCC. 1.1.4 The full Descriptions of Development for the individual applications are set out within the supporting Planning Statement and on the relevant planning application forms. 1.1.5 This statement relates to the Eton Dorney venue and has been prepared for submission in support of each of the individual planning applications. 1.1.6 On 6 July 2005 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games (“2012 Games”) to London. The ODA is the public London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 body responsible for developing and building the new venues and infrastructure for the 2012 Games and LOCOG is responsible for preparing and staging the Games, including the temporary venues and overlay. 1.1.7 Eton Dorney was selected as the venue for Olympic Rowing and Canoe Sprint events and Paralympic Rowing Events, as part of the “London Bid” for the Games. 1.1.8 London 2012 is required to apply for planning permission for operations and changes in use of land for the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympic events that constitute development requiring planning permission. London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 1.1. Cultural Heritage Context 1.1. Oxford Archaeology (OA) have been jointly commissioned by the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) to carry out an cultural heritage asset desk-based assessment for the Eton Dorney Venue. The location of these sites is shown on Figure 4.1. For the purposes of this report the assessment of the Dorney Lake includes the Paralympic Transport Hub (PTH) as within the area of the Site. The assessment of the Olympic Transport Hub is included within the section dealing with the Racecourse Site. 1.2. LOCOG and the ODA propose to construct a number of temporary facilities at the Eton Dorney Venue in order to accommodate the 2012 Games. These proposals are set out in detail in the Design and Access Statement. 1.3. The aim of this project is: • to provide an assessment of the cultural heritage potential of the sites; • to describe the impacts of previous development on the survival of any archaeological remains and historic landscape assets; • to assess the impact of the proposals on the surviving cultural heritage assets including any settings issues; and • to present proposals for the most likely strategy for the mitigation of any such impacts defined. 1.4. This chapter is supported by: • Appendix 4A - a list of sources and references; • Appendix 4B - a gazetteer of all identified cultural heritage assets referred to; and • Five figures - numbered 4.1 to 4.5, showing the location of the sites, the detailed local geology, identified assets in a 1km study area, a detailed features map of the Lake site and previous impacts to the Lake site. 1.5. Location, Geology and Topography London 2012 Olympic Rowing, Canoe Sprint and Paralympic Rowing events September 2010 1.6. The Eton Rowing Course site lies on the north bank of the river Thames between the village of Dorney and the hamlet of Boveney, some 2.5 km west of Eton (Figure 4.1). The Rowing Course and Return Lane were constructed between 1996 and 2006 on land owned