ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8 Proceedings 6th of International 2014 Conference on Inform

2014 6th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ation Technology and Electrical Engineering Welcome Message from the General Chair

On behalf of the organizing committee, it is our pleasure to welcome you to Yogyakarta, Indonesia, for our annual conference. This is the 6th conference that is held by the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. This year, the conference is differently called as Joint conference 2014 as there will be 4 parallel conferences, including: 1. ICITEE (International Conference of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 2014, 2. CITEE (Conference of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 2014, 3. RC-CIE (Regional Conference on Computer and Information Engineering) 2014, and 4. CCIO (Conference on Chief Information Officer) 2014.

The joint conference’s theme is “Leveraging Research and Technology through University-Industry-Government Collaboration” emphasizes on the enhancement of research in a wide spectrum, including information technology, communication and electrical engineering, as well as e-services, e-government and information system. The conference is expected to provide excellent opportunity to meet experts, exchange information, and strengthen the collaboration among researchers, engineers, and scholars from academia, government, and industry.

In addition, the conference committee has invited five renowned keynote speakers, Prof. Marco Aiello from University of Groningen (RuG), Netherland, Prof. Einoshin Suzuki from Kyushu University, Prof. Yoshio Yamamoto from Tokai University, Prof. Jun Miura from Toyohashi University of Technology, and Prof. Kazuhiko Hamamoto from Tokai University, Japan. The conference committee also invited Tony Seno Hartono from National Technology Officer of Microsoft Indonesia and Dr. Ing. Hutomo Suryo Wasisto (Associate Team Leader in MEMS/NEMS and Sensor Group) Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany as Invited speaker to present their current research activities.

This conference is technically co-sponsored by IEEE Indonesia Section. Furthermore, it is supported by JICA, AUN/SEED-Net, Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of The Republic of Indonesia, and King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand.

As a General Chair, I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation to the organizing committee members for their hard work and contribution throughout this conference. I would also like to thank authors, reviewers, all speakers, and session chairs for their support to Joint Conference 2014.

In addition to the outstanding scientific program, we hope that you will find time to explore Yogyakarta and the surrounding areas. Yogyakarta is city with numerous cultural heritages, natural beauty, and the taste of traditional Javanese cuisines, coupled with the friendliness of its people.

Lastly, I would like to welcome you to Joint Conference 2014 and wish you all an enjoyable stay in Yogyakarta.

Sincerely,

Hanung Adi Nugroho, Ph.D. General Chair of Joint Conference 2014

-i- Welcome Message from the TPC Chair

On behalf of the technical program committee (TPC), we warmly welcome you to the 6th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ICITEE 2014) in the cultural city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The committee has organized exciting technical programs for ICITEE 2014 with conference theme of “Leveraging Research and Technology through University-Industry Collaboration.” As an annual International conference, ICITEE provides excellent platform to share innovative idea and experiences, exchange information, and explore collaboration among researchers, engineers, practitioners and scholars the field of information technology, communications, and electrical engineering.

All 163 submitted papers from 18 countries throughout the world went through a rigorous review process and each paper was evaluated by at least three independent reviewers in accordance with standard blind review process. Based on the results of the rigorous review process, 78 papers have been selected, which constitute the acceptance rate of 47.9%. These papers have been grouped into 5, ranging from the fields of information technology, communications, power systems, electronics, and control systems. Besides those regular sessions, ICITEE 2014 also features world-class keynote/plenary speeches and distinghuish-invited speakers that reflect the current research and development trends in the aforementioned fields.

We are deeply indebted to all of our TPC members as well as our reviewers, who volunteered a considerable amount of their time and expertise to ensure a fair, rigorous, and timely review process. Many thanks should be given to our keynote and invited speakers who will share their experience in this conference. Last but not least, our sincere gratitude should be given to all authors for submitting their work to ICITEE 2014, which has allowed us to assemble a high quality technical program.

Welcome to Yogyakarta and hope you will enjoy a wonderful experience in this traditional city of Indonesia.

With best regards,

TPC Chair

-ii- Committees

Advisory Board Committee Adha Imam Cahyadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Dadang Gunawan (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia) Alagan Anpalagan (Ryerson University, Canada) Yanuarsyah Haroen (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Amirthalingam Ramanan (University of Jaffna, Sri Indonesia) Lanka) Kuncoro Wastuwibowo (IEEE Indonesia Section) Andy Warner (Google) T. Haryono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Anto Satriyo Nugroho (BPPT, Indonesia) Chanboon Sathitwiriyawong (KMITL, Thailand) Anton Satria Prabuwon o (Universiti Kebangsaan Hidekazu Murata (Kyoto University, Japan) Malaysia, Malaysia) Ruttikorn Varakulsiripunth (Thai-Nichi Institute of Ardyono Priyadi (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Technology, Thailand) Nopember, Indonesia) Lukito Edi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Armein Z. R. Langi (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia) Indonesia) Son Kuswadi (PENS, Indonesia) Awinash Anand (Kyushu University, Japan) Azwirman Gusrialdi (University of Central Florida, USA) Boonprasert Suravkratanasakul (KMITL, Thailand) Organizing Committee Chalermsub Sangkavichitr (KMUTT, Thailand) Sarjiya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Chanboon Sathitwiriyawong (KMITL, Thailand) Eka Firmansyah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Chotipat Pornavalai (KMITL, Thailand) Indonesia) Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar (BPPT, Indonesia) Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dhany Arifianto (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Indonesia) Nopember, Indonesia) I Wayan Mustika (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dhomas Hatta Fudholi (La Trobe University, Australia) Indonesia) Eiji Okamoto (Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan) Adha Imam Cahyadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Ekachai Leelarasmee (Chulalongkorn University, Indonesia) Thailand) Sigit Basuki Wibowo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Esa Prakasa (LIPI, Indonesia) Indonesia) F Danang Wijaya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Kuntpong Woraratpanya (KMITL, Thailand) Indonesia) Prapto Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Fahkriy Hario P (Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia) Indonesia) Fikri Waskito (Nanyang Technological University, Teguh Bharata Adji (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Singapore) Indonesia) Gamantyo Hendrantoro (Institute of Technology Sumet Prabhavat (KMITL, Thailand) Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) Natapon Pantuwong (KMITL, Thailand) Gunawan Wibisono (Indonesia University, Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Indonesia) Gusti Agung Ayu Putri (Udayana University, Indriana Hidayah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Indonesia) Harris Simaremare (Universite de Haute Alsace, Kitsuchart Pasupa (KMITL, Thailand) France) Avrin Nur Widiastuti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Haiguang Wang (Institute for Infocomm Research, Indonesia) Singapore) Teerapong Leelanupab (KMITL, Thailand) Haruichi Kanaya (Kyushu University, Japan) Iswandi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Heroe Wijanto (Institut Teknologi Telkom, Indonesia) Budi Setiyanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Hutomo Suryo Wasisto (Technische Universität Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Braunschweig, Germany) Indonesia) I Ketut Gede Dharma Putra (Udayana University, Yusuf Susilo Wijoyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Indonesia) Agus Bejo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) I Made Yulistya Negara (Institute of Technology Husni Rois Ali (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) Azkario Rizky Pratama (Universitas Gadjah Mada, I Nyoman Satya Kumara (Udayana University, Indonesia) Indonesia) Lilik Suyanti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) I Putu Agung Bayupati (Udayana University, Nawang Siwi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Indonesia) Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari (Udayana University, Indonesia) Igi Ardiyanto (Toyohashi University of Technology, Technical Program Committee Japan) Issarachai Ngamroo (KMITL, Thailand) Addy Wahyudie (United Arab Emirates University, Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University, UEA) Indonesia)

-iii- Iwan Setiawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Surapan Airphaiboon (KMITL, Thailand) Indonesia) Surin Kittitornkun (KMITL, Thailand) Jaziar Radianti (University of Agder, Norway) Suvapadee Aramvith (Chulalongkorn University) Joko Siswantoro (Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia) Teerapong Leelanupab (KMITL, Thailand) Kang-Hyun Jo (Ulsan University, Korea) Thanisa Numnonda (KMITL, Thailand) Kazunori Hayashi (Kyoto University, Japan) Thippaya Chintakovid (KMUNB, Thailand) Kazuto Yano (ATR, Japan) Udayanto Dwi Atmojo (The University of Auckland, Khoirul Anwar (Japan Advanced Institute of Science New Zealand) and Technology, Japan) Uke Kurniawan Usman (ITTelkom, Indonesia) Kitsuchart Pasupa (KMITL, Thailand) Umar Khayam (Bandung Institute of Technology, Koji Yamamoto (Kyoto University, Japan) Indonesia, Indonesia) Kuntpong Woraratpanya (KMITL, Thailand) Virach Sornlertlamvanich (NECTEC, Thailand) Lesnanto Multa Putranto (Hokkaido University, Wanchalem Pora (Chulalongkorn University) Japan) Wawta Techataweewan (Srinakharinwirot University, Maleerat Sodanil (KMUNB, Thailand) Thailand) Mamiko Inamori (Tokai University, Japan) Wayan Gede Ariastina (Udayana University, Indonesia) Manop Phankokkruad (KMITL, Thailand) Wimol San-Um (Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Marco Aiello (University of Groningen, Netherland) Thailand) Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Widyawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Indonesia) Yasushi Kato (Tsuruoka National College and Mauridhi Hery Purnomo (Institute of Technology Technology, Japan) Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) Yi Ren (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan) Mustansar Ghazanfar (University of Southampton, Yoshikazu Washizawa (The University of UK) Electro-Communications, Japan) Natapon Pantuwong (KMITL, Thailand) Yoshimitsu Kuroki (Kurume National College of Nawat Kamnoonwatana (Mahidol University, Technology, Japan) Thailand) Nidapan Sureerattanan (Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Thailand) Nihan Tran (University of Melbourne, Australia) Nol Premasathian (KMITL, Thailand) Noopadol Maneerat (KMITL, Thailand) Nopporn Chotikakamthorn (KMITL, Thailand) Olarn Wongwirat (KMITL, Thailand) Pattaracha Lalitrojwong (KMITL, Thailand) Pichai Aree (Thamassat University, Thailand) Poramote Wardkein (KMITL, Thailand) Pornvalai Chotipat (KMITL, Thailand) Ramesh Pokharel (Kyushu University, Japan) Rohana Sapawi (University Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia) Rony Seto (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) Rukmi Sari Hartati (Udayana University, Indonesia) Ruttikorn Varakulsiripunth (Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Thailand) Sakchai Thipchaksurat (KMITL, Thailand) Saiyan Saiyod (Khon Kaen University, Thailand) Selo Sulistyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Singha Chaveesuk (KMITL, Thailand) Sisdarmanto Adinandra (Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia) Somjet Suppharangsan (Burapha University, Thailand) Sompong Valuvanathorn (Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand) Sooksan Panichpapiboon (KMITL, Thailand) Soradech Krootjohn (KMUNB, Thailand) Sorawat Chivapreecha (KMITL, Thailand) Sumet Prabhavat (KMITL, Thailand) Sunisa Rimcharoen (Bhurapa University, Thailand) Sunu Wibirama (Tokai University, Japan) Supakit Nootyaskool (KMITL, Thailand) Supawan Amanab (KMITL, Thailand) Supot Nitsuwat (KMUNTB, Thailand) Surachai Chaitusaney (Chulalongkorn University, Thailand)

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Technical Sessions

Z Session 1. Software Engineering, Services, and Information Technology

TS 1 – 01 A Hybrid Technique for Enhancement of Periductal Fibrosis Ultrasound Images for Cholangiocacinoma Surveillance ...... 2 Pichet Wayalun (Khon Kaen University, Thailand); Saiyan Saiyod (Khon Kaen University, Thailand) TS 1 – 02 A Real Time Mission-Critical Business Intelligence for Development of Mixture Composition on Aromatherapy Product Based on Customer Personality Type ...... 7 Taufik Djatna (Bogor Agricultral UnIversity, Indonesia); Ida Bagus Dharma Yoga Santosa (Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia) TS 1 – 03 An Infrastructure-less Occupant Context-Recognition in Energy Efficient Building ...... 13 Azkario Rizky (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Widy Widyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Guntur Putra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 04 An Integrated Model of Customer Repurchase Intention in B2C E-commerce ...... 19 Saowakhon Homsud (King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Singha Chaveesuk (King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand) TS 1 – 05 An Intuitive User Interface for Motion Retrieval on a Mobile Multi-touch Device ...... 25 Natta Tammachat (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Natapon Pantuwong (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand) TS 1 – 06 Automated Document Classification for News Article in Bahasa Indonesia Based on Term Frequency INVERSE Document Frequency (TF-IDF) Approach ...... 29 Ari Aulia Hakim (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Alva Erwin (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Kho Eng (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Wahyu Muliady (Akon Teknologi, Indonesia) TS 1 – 07 Automatic Leaf Color Level Determination for Need Based Fertilizer Using Fuzzy Logic on Mobile Application ...... 33 Kestrilia Prilianti (Universitas Ma Chung, Indonesia) TS 1 – 08 Automatic Multi-Document Summarization for Indonesian Documents Using Hybrid Abstractive-Extractive Summarization Technique ...... 39 Glorian Yapinus (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Alva Erwin (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Wahyu Muliady (Akon Teknologi, Indonesia) TS 1 – 09 Autonomous Monitoring Framework with Fallen Person Pose Estimation and Vital Sign Detection ...... 44 Igi Ardiyanto (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan); Jun Miura (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan) TS 1 – 10 Benchmarking of Feature Selection Techniques for Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis ...... 50 Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Dwi Wahyu Prabowo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 11 Boosting Performance of Face Detection by Using an Efficient Skin Segmentation Algorithm ...... 55 Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran) TS 1 – 12 C2C E-Commerce Trust Level Measurement and Analysis ...... 61 Sayid Ali Hadi (Swiss German University, Indonesia); James Purnama (University of Indonesia, Indonesia); Moh. A. Soetomo (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia) TS 1 – 13 Calories Analysis of Food Intake Using Image Recognition ...... 67 Natta Tammachat (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Natapon Pantuwong (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand) TS 1 – 14 Contrast Measurement for No-Reference Retinal Image Quality Assessment ...... 71 Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Titin Yulianti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Dhimas Arief D (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 15 Digital Image Hashing Using Local Histogram of Oriented Gradients ...... 75

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Iwan Setyawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia); Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia) TS 1 – 16 Emoticon-based Steganography for Securing Sensitive Data ...... 79 Tohari Ahmad (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia); Gregory Sukanto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia); Hudan Studiawan (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Waskitho Wibisono (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Royyana Ijtihadie (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia) TS 1 – 17 Evaluation of Edge Orientation Histograms in Smile Detection ...... 85 Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University,Indonesia); Iwan Setyawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia) TS 1 – 18 ICUMSA Identification of Granulated Sugar Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Colour Moments ...... 90 Alfiah Rizky Diana Putri (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Litasari Litasari (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 19 Identification of Malignant Masses on Digital Mammogram Images ...... 96 Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Faisal N (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Indah Soesanti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Lina Choridah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 20 Measuring Domain Decomposition Effect in Estuary Model Parallelization Using High Performance Computer ...... 102 Santosa Sandy Putra (UNESCO IHE - Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands) TS 1 – 21 Mobile Tourism Services Model: A Contextual Tourism Experience Using Mobile Services ...... 108 Ridi Ferdiana (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 22 Real Time Key Element Extraction for Design of In-Flight Meal Services Based on Passenger's Personality Traits ...... 114 Taufik Djatna (Bogor Agricultral UnIversity, Indonesia); Hety Handayani Hidayat (IPB, Indonesia) TS 1 – 23 Real Time Static Hand Gesture Recognition System Prototype for Indonesian Sign Language ...... 120 Rudy Hartanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Paulus Santosa (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) TS 1 – 24 Release of Masking and FAME Performance Evaluation to Improve Speech Intelligibility on Cochlear Implant ...... 126 Sena Sukmananda Suprapto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Dhany Arifianto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Sekartedjo Sekartedjo (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) TS 1 – 25 Statistical Analysis of Popular Open Source Software Projects and Their Communities ...... 132 Andi Wahju Rahardjo Emanuel (Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Indonesia) TS 1 – 26 Text-Background Decomposition for Thai Text Localization and Recognition in Natural Scenes ...... 138 Ungsumalee Suttapakti (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Kuntpong Woraratpanya (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Kitsuchart Pasupa (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Pimlak Boonchukusol (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Taravichet Titijaroonroj (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Rattaphon Hokking (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Yoshimitsu Kuroki (Kurume National College of Technology, Japan); Yasushi Kato (Tsuruoka National College of Technology, Japan) TS 1 – 27 The Study of Utilization of SIP in Mobile Monitoring Abnormal Events Wireless Sensor Network ...... 144 Andreo Yudertha (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Widy Widyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Sujoko Sumaryono (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) TS 1 - 28 TIS Dishub DIY: An Implementation of Traveler Information System in Special Region of Yogyakarta ...... 150 Daniel Febrian Sengkey (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Sayuri Egaravanda (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Lukito Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 1 – 29 Website Quality Assessment for Portal Hospital Indonesia Using Gap Analysis ...... 156 Muhammad Adipridhana (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Heru Ipung (Swiss German University, Indonesia)

Z Session 2. Wireless Communications, Networking and Vehicular Technology

TS 2 – 01 3D Artificial Material Characterization Using Rectangular Waveguide ...... 164 Danang Wibowo (ITB, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia) TS 2 – 02 Design on FPGA of the IEEE 802.11p Standard Baseband OFDM Section Model ...... 168

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Budi Setiyanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Rani Aji (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Afatika Adianti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Addin Suwastono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 2 – 03 Development of Embedded Gateway for Wireless Sensor Network and Internet Protocol Interoperability ...... 174 Sigit Basuki Wibowo (Gadjah Mada University, Ireland); Guntur Putra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 2 – 04 Dynamic CFO Reduction in Various Mobilities Based on Extended Kalman Filter for Broadband Wireless Access Technology ...... 178 Asri Diliyanzah (Telkom University, Indonesia); Rina Pudjiastuti (Telkom University, Indonesia); Budi Syihabuddin (Telkom University, Indonesia) TS 2 – 05 Experimental Study on Improved Parametric Stereo for Bit Rate Scalable Audio Coding ...... 184 Ikhwana Elfitri (Andalas University, Indonesia); Rahmadi Kurnia (Andalas University, Indonesia); Defry Harneldi (Andalas University, Indonesia) TS 2 – 06 FDTD Method for Scattering Parameters Extraction of Rectangular Waveguide Loaded with Anisotropic Dielectric Material ...... 189 Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Maulana Randa (Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kementerian Pertahanan RI, Indonesia) TS 2 – 07 FSS-based Planar Bandpass Filter Using Strip Slotted-Lines ...... 194 Eric Simbolon (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia) TS 2 – 08 High Gain RF Amplifier for Very Low Frequency Receiver Application ...... 199 Rahmat Putera (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia) TS 2 – 09 Investigation on Objective Performance of Closed-loop Spatial Audio Coding ...... 203 Ikhwana Elfitri (Andalas University, Indonesia); Rahmadi Kurnia (Andalas University, Indonesia); Fitrilina Fitrilina (Andalas University, Indonesia) TS 2 – 10 Performance of Anti-Jamming Techniques with Bit Interleaving in OFDM-Based Tactical Communications .... 209 Pradini Puspitaningayu (Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia); Gamantyo Hendrantoro (Sepuluh Nopember Institut of Technology, Indonesia) TS 2 – 11 Performance of Repeat-Accumulate Codes (RAC) for Decode-and-Forward Wireless Relay Channel ...... 214 Daryus Chandra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sri Suning Kusumawardani (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) TS 2 – 12 Reorganizing Fingerprint Information Using Intersection Technique for RFID-based Indoor Localization System ...... 220 I Wayan Mustika (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sisongkham Phimmasean (NUOL, Laos) TS 2 – 13 RSSI Based Analysis of Bluetooth Implementation for Intra-Car Sensor Monitoring ...... 225 Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia); Lafiona Grezelda (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Iswandi Iswandi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)

Z Session 3. Power Systems

TS 3 – 01 A Probabilistic Approach to Analyze and Model the Simultaneity of Power Produced by Wind Turbines in a Wind Farm ...... 232 Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Anne Göhlich (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Liana Pop (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Wolfgang Schufft (University of Technology Chemnitz, Germany) TS 3 – 02 An Improved Maximum Efficiency Control for Dual-Motor Drive Systems ...... 239 Luiz Rizki Ramelan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia); Tian-Hua Liu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Shao-Kai Tseng (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Jing-Wei Hsu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) TS 3 – 03 CCT Computation Method Based on Critical Trajectory Using Simultaneous Equations for Transient Stability Analysis ...... 245 Ardyono Priyadi (ITS, Indonesia); Ony Qudsi (Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia); Mauridhi Purnomo (Institut of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia) TS 3 – 04 Comparison of Economic Models for Two Differently Configured Uninterrupted Power Supply Systems From User Electricity Bill Perspective ...... 251 Awais Yousaf (The University of Lahore, Pakistan); Onaiza Yousaf (The University of Lahore, Pakistan); Durdana Yousaf (Lahore Electric Supply Company, Pakistan)

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TS 3 – 05 Development of a Power Flow Software for Distribution System Analysis Based on Rectangular Voltage Using Python Software Package ...... 255 Lukmanul Hakim (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Muhamad Wahidi (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Trisno Handoko (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Herri Gusmedi (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Noer Soedjarwanto (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Federico Milano (University College Dublin, Ireland) TS 3 – 06 Efficiency Improvement of a Solar Power Plant Using Combine Cycle: An Experimental Study on a Miniaturized Solar Power Station ...... 260 Bishwajit Banik Pathik (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Nipu Datta (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Muhammad Najebul Ahmed (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Roksana Liya (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Nazia Zaman (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh) TS 3 – 07 Flower Pollination Algorithm for Optimal Control in Multi-Machine System with GUPFC ...... 265 Mohammad Musofa Mulya, Pambudy (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) TS 3 – 08 Frequency Dependent Model of Underground Cables for Harmonic Calculations in Frequency Domain ...... 271 Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Uwe Schmidt (Dresden University of Technology, Germany); Abdullah Hoshmeh (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Ali Shirvani (TU Chemnitz, Germany) TS 3 – 09 Fuzzy Logic Principles for Wind Speed Estimation in Wind Energy Conversion Systems ...... 278 Agus Naba (University of Brawijaya, Indonesia) TS 3 – 10 Investigation and Modeling of Transient Voltage Stability Problems in Wind Farms with DFIG and Crowbar System ...... 282 Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Uwe Schmidt (Dresden University of Technology, Germany); Ali Shirvani (TU Chemnitz, Germany); Wolfgang Schufft (University of Technology Chemnitz, Germany) TS 3 – 11 Magnetic Flux Distribution Due to the Effect of Stator-Rotor Configuration in the Axial Machine ...... 290 Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Nobal Rahadyan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Husni Ali (UGM, Indonesia) TS 3 – 12 Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic System Under Partial Shaded Condition by Means Updating β Firefly Technique ...... 296 Yanuar Safarudin (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Ardyono Priyadi (ITS, Indonesia); Mauridhi Purnomo (Institut of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Margo Pujiantara (ITS, Indonesia) TS 3 – 13 Multi-Resolution Complex Image Method of Horizontal Multilayer Earth ...... 301 Qi Yang (Wuhan University, P.R. China) TS 3 – 14 On the Potential and Progress of Renewable Electricity Generation in Bali ...... 307 Satya Kumara (Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia); Wayan G. Ariastina (Udayana University, Indonesia); I Sukerayasa (Udayana University, Indonesia); Ida Giriantari (Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia) TS 3 – 15 Optimal Configuration of PV-Wind turbine-Grid-Battery in Low Potency Energy Resources ...... 313 D Fittrin (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); D Wijaya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sasongko Pramono Hadi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) TS 3 – 16 Optimal Solution of Reliability Constrained Unit Commitment Using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Priority List Method ...... 319 Sarjiya Sarjiya (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Arief Budi Mulyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Andi Sudiarso (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) TS 3 – 17 Partial Discharge Analysis Using PCA and ANN for the Estimation of Size and Position of Metallic Particle Adhering to Spacer in Gas-Insulated System ...... 325 Firmansyah Nur Budiman (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Yasin Khan (King Saud University, Saudi Arabia) TS 3 – 18 Quantum Neural Network for State of Charge Estimation ...... 331 Kevin Gausultan Hadith Mangunkusumo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Yung-Ruei Chang (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taiwan); Yih-Der Lee (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan); Kuo Lung Lian (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) TS 3 – 19 Reducing Induction Motor Starting Current Using Magnetic Energy Recovery Switch (MERS) ...... 336 Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Sholihatta Aziz (UGM, Indonesia); Hartanto Prabowo (UGM, Indonesia) TS 3 – 20 The Dynamic Performance of Grid-Connected Fixed-Speed Wind Turbine Generator ...... 342 Husni Rois Ali (UGM, Indonesia) TS 3 – 21 TVAC PSO for Modal Optimal Control POD and PSS Coordination in UPFC ...... 347 Rian Fatah Mochamad (UGM, Indonesia); Sasongko Pramono Hadi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Mokhammad Setyonegoro (UGM, Indonesia)

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Z Session 4. Electronics, Circuits, and Systems

TS 4 – 01 A Face Detector Based on Color and Texture ...... 354 Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran) TS 4 – 02 Analysis of Single Excitation Signal for High Speed ECVT Data Acquisition System ...... 360 Arbai Yusuf (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Imamul Muttakin (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Wahyu Widada (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Warsito P. Taruno (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia) TS 4 – 03 Pulley's Clamping Force and Axial Position Measurements for Electro-mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission in Automotive Applications ...... 366 Bambang Supriyo (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Kamarul Tawi (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Mohd Che Kob (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Izhari Mazali (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Mohd Che Kob (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia) TS 4 – 04 Reconfigurable Hardware Implementation of Gigabit UDP/IP Stack Based on Spartan-6 FPGA ...... 370 Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran); Batul Mahmoodi (Telecommunication Company of Isfahan, Iran) TS 4 – 05 The Performance of Three-Phase Four-Wire Grid-Connected Inverter with Enhanced Power Quality ...... 376 Susatyo Handoko (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sasongko Pramono Hadi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Suharyanto Suharyanto (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia) TS 4 – 06 Underwater Sound Propagation Characteristics At Mini Underwater Test Tank with Varied Salinity and Temperature ...... 381 Niken Yuwono (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Dhany Arifianto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Endang Widjiati (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Wirawan Wirawan (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)

Z Session 5. Control Systems

TS 5 – 01 A Neural Network Structure with Parameter Expansion for Adaptive Modeling of Dynamic Systems ...... 388 Erwin Sitompul (President University, Indonesia) TS 5 – 02 A New Approach in Self-Generation of Fuzzy Logic Controller by Means of Genetic Algorithm ...... 394 Erwin Sitompul (President University, Indonesia); Iksan Bukhori (President University, Indonesia) TS 5 – 03 Double Target Potential Field ...... 400 Ferry Manalu (Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Indonesia) TS 5 – 04 Robust Residual Generation for Sensor Fault Isolation in Systems with Structured Uncertainty ...... 405 Samiadji Herdjunanto (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Oyas Wahyunggoro (UGM, Indonesia) TS 5 – 05 Design of Decoupled Repetitive Control for MIMO Systems ...... 411 Edi Kurniawan (Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia); Riyo Wardoyo (Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia); Oka Mahendra (Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia)

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ICITEE 2014 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8 Statistical Analysis of Popular Open Source Software Projects and Their Communities

Andi Wahju Rahardjo Emanuel Informatics Bachelor Program Faculty of Information Technology, Maranatha Christian University Bandung, INDONESIA [email protected]

Abstract — Open Source Software (OSS) becomes one of the success of OSS Communities. Studies have shown that the mainstream software development methodology competing with success of OSS Projects are largely depends on the success of commercial and proprietary software development. One of the their communities. distinct characteristics of OSS projects is the existence group of contributors who joined the project voluntarily called OSS The OSS Communities comes into many shapes and forms Communities. In this study, the statistical analysis of 263 which are interesting to be studied and examined. The popular OSS Projects and their communities is performed. The knowledge about characteristics of OSS Projects and their popularity of the OSS Projects is determined from suggestion communities provides interesting insight about their secret of from selected websites found from Google search engine. The success. This paper describes the statistical analysis of 263 analysis covers information such as OSS Project’s name, “popular” OSS Projects and their communites which includes description, category, repository, community type, number of the project’s name, description, category, repository, contributors, and the start year. There are four important community type, number of contributors, and start year of the findings of the statistical analysis. First finding is that most of the projects. The result of this study should be beneficial in category of the OSS Projects is computer and networking related. understanding the internal structure and activities in these OSS The other findings are that most of the project is in Ad Hoc state Projects and their communities. and the different trends in the number of contributors in Foundation and Commercial Company of OSS Communities. The last finding is that most of the OSS Projects are using II. CURRENT STUDIES Github, Sourceforge and Ohloh as their source code repositories. OSS is a software development methodology with several These results provide important insights about the structure and distinct characteristics: activities of OSS Projects and their communities. • Everybody can download, improve and modify the Keywords—Open Source Software Project; community; source code [1]. statistical analysis; popular • Developers or programmers for this project are recruited voluntarily. They will then form a group of I. INTRODUCTION developers called OSS Community. The community Open Source Software (OSS) has evolved into one of the will evolve from a single developer into a complex mainstream software development methodology challenging organization [2]. the already established software engineering methodology • The software system and the community of OSS used by proprietary and commercial software projects. The projects are co-evolved [3]. OSS products such as web browser, Apache web server, Android and many more have placed Many popular OSS Projects have been the subject of themselves as the major players and benchmarks for other research in order to understand their successes. Several similar applications. Besides these successful projects, there examples of successful OSS projects being studied such as are many OSS Projects are created everyday and some of Apache [4][5], Debian GNU/ [6], Mozilla [4][7], these projects eventually will evolve into medium to large FreeBSD [8], JFreeChart [9], etc. Several success factors of projects which are developed by many groups of contributors. these projects have been identified such as the modularity of the source code [10][11], the active and effective role of the One of the distinct characteristics of OSS project is the team members [12], proper planning from core developer at ability for everyone to download, improve and modify the the beginning of the project [13], sufficient number of source code. This characteristic enables the project to attract developers [14][15] and the transparent flow of information many contributors to voluntarily contribute to the development [16], experienced developers [17], and the more open of the software project in the form of a group called OSS governance approach [18]. Communities. Some of the big names of OSS Projects such as Apache Foundation, Mozilla Developer Network, Linux The software system development process of some OSS Foundation, and Eclipse Foundation have become the icons of Projects also has been studied to understand their internal

-132- ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ICITEE 2014 characteristics and problems. Stewart et al studied 1000 dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster, Dictionary.com, and releases of 200 OSS projects to understand the effect of the The Free Dictionary, the term “popular” is related to the source code complexity against the interest of the new likeness to majority of people. Google search engine is used developer [19]. Alsmadi and Magel have studied the LOC in finding these projects by using keywords such as “popular efficiency of several OSS projects that they found that the Open Source Projects”, “best Open Source Projects”, etc. range of LOC efficiency are 70% - 80% and the function size There are many websites suggesting popularity of OSS are 20 – 30 LOC [20]. The problems faced by OSS projects Projects, but after carefully reviewing the website’s content such as resource allocation and budgeting [21], and the lack of and the reputation of the website the list of websites are mechanism to manage the growth of the project [22]. shortlisted into 8 websites. The websites used as the reference of the popularity of the OSS Projects are: The uniqueness of the OSS Communities is also the 1. Infoword’s Bossie 2013 Award [31]. subject of several studies in order to understand their internal 2. “Best Open Source Software” from Lifehacker.biz structure and motivations. For a small OSS projects the website [32]. hierarchy of the community are usually simple which is 3. “Top 10 Open Source Projects” by V3 Staff at consisted of two roles called core and associate members or V3.com website [33]. developer and handyperson [23][24]. Meanwhile, for a larger 4. “30 Cool Open Source Software I Discovered in OSS projects, the structure of the community are more 2013” by Nixcraft at Nixcraft.com website [33]. complex which consisting up to 8 roles called project leader, 5. “Best of Opensource.com: Top 10 open source core member, active developer, peripheral developer, bug projects in 2013” at Opensource.com website [34]. fixer, bug reporter and passive user [25]. The hierarchy of the 6. “Open Source Windows” at Opensourcewindows.org OSS community is in the form of onion layer [26] or 5 layers website [35]. open onion model [27]. Whereas the motivations of each 7. “30 Essential Pieces of Free (and Open) Software for developers in joining the community varies but it can be Windows” by Trent at thesimpledollar.com website categorized into internal and external motivations [28][29]. [36].

8. “Most popular open-source projects hosted at This study is different from the previous studies in which GitHub” by Dan Nanni at xmodulo.com website [37]. the focus is the statistical study of the characteristics and communities of “popular” OSS projects. The popularity of the Most of the OSS Projects recommended from these projects is based on recommendations from selected websites websites are redundant and then compiled into 263 OSS found from Google Search Engine by feeding some search Projects. The following is the list of the selected popular OSS strings indicating popularity. There are 263 popular OSS Projects being analyzed in this research shown in compressed Projects are collected and examined further by gathering more alphabetical ordered list: detailed information from the project’s websites, their repositories, project’s community website, etc. The @SSP, ]project-open[, {less}, ABC, Abiword, AC3Filter, Ack-grep, information collected from those OSS Projects is taken during Activiti, Adminer, Alfresco, aMSN, Android, Android, Angry IP the months of May to June 2014. Scanner, AngularJS, , , , , , Apache HTTP Server, , III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Apache , AppServ, Arduino, Artica, Audacity, Backbone.js, BBurst!, BigBlueButton, Bitcoin, BitPim, BitTorrent, Bonita BPM, The research methodology used in analyzing these OSS Bootstrap, Brackets, BT++, Cabos, Chosen, Chromium, Cinnamon, Projects and their communities is divided into three phases: ClamWin, Classic Shell, Clonezilla, Cloud Foundry, Cloudera Impala, 1. Determining the “popular” OSS Projects: the Coppermine Photo Gallery, Couchbase Server, cURL, CyanogenMod, D3: Data-Driven Documents, DC++, DD-WRT, Debian, DeskWeb, selection of OSS Projects that are considered popular Dev-C++, Ditaa, Django, DocHive, Docker, DokuWiki, DOSBox, to be examined further. DotNetNuke, Drupal, EasyPHP, EasyTAG, Eclipse, Elastix, Ember.js, 2. Collecting information of each of the popular OSS Emscripten, eMule, Enyo.js, Eraser, ERPNext, Eucalyptus, Express, Projects: collecting information from each OSS FFDShow, FileZilla, Firebird, Firefox, Firefox, Firefox OS, Fluxbox, Font Awesome, ForgeRock, Foundation, FoxyProxy, Freemind, Projects from project’s websites, community FrontAccounting, Gallery, GanttPV, Gephi, Ghostscript, GIMP, GitLab, websites, repositories, etc. GLPI, Gnome, GNU Parallel, GnuCash, Gnucleus, HandBrake, HealthMonitor, Hibernate ORM, Homebrew, HTML5 Boilerplate, 3. Statistically analyzing the information collected: Impress.js, inBloom, Inkscape, IPCop , IPython, ISPConfig, analyzing statistically the information collected in jEdit, Jekyll, Jenkins CI, Joomla, jQuery, jQuery File Upload, Juice, order to find meaningful insight. Kali Linux, KeePass, Keynote-nf, Koha, Kurogo, LAME, LibreOffice, Linux Kernel, luckyBackup, Maltego, MariaDB, MediaCoder, The following subsections describe the detail of each of the MediaGoblin, MediaPortal, MediaWiki, MiKTex, Miranda, Miro, Miro phases. Video Converter, Moment, MongoDB, Moodle, Moosic, MP3Gain, MPC-HC, MPlayer, Mule ESB, MusikCube, MySQL, NASA Worldwind, Neo4j, Nginx, Nmap, Node.js, Notepad++, Notepad2, A. DETERMINING POPULAR OSS PROJECTS Observium, Odoo, Oh My Zsh, Onion Browser, Open Compute Project, Open edX, Open Source Beehives, Open Studio for Big Data, The first step of the research is to determine which OSS OpenBravo, OpenCMS, OpenDaylight, OpenEMR, OpenOffice.org, Projects are considered “popular”. Based on online OpenShift, OpenShot, OpenStack, OpenVPN, OpenWrt, OrangeHRM, Orbot, Owncloud, Paint.NET, pdfcreator, PeaZip, PeerGuardian,

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Pentaho BI, PhoneGap, phpBB, phpMyAdmin, phpSysInfo, Pidgin, The details of the observations are detailed in the Plone, PortableApps, PostgreSQL, Prey, Process Hacker, Process following subsections. Maker, ProjectLibre, Python, Python, RackTables, Rails, Raspberry Pi, RedPhone, Replicant, RSSOwl, Rubrica, Ruby, Saltstack, Scala, SciDB, A. OSS PROJECT CATEGORIES Scrollout F1, ScummVM, Serengeti, Service Stack, Shareaza P2P, SharpDevelop, SimpleInvoices, SiSU, Speed Dreams, SquirreL SQL, The description and other informations from the OSS StepMania, StreamRipper, SugarCRM, SwitchYard, TEA, Project’s websites are examined to determine the categories of TeXnicCenter, TextSecure, Three.js, Thunderbird, TightVNC, Tmux, TortoiseSVN, Trinket, True Combat: Elite, Tuleap, Turnkey Linux, each of the project. Each of the projects is then categorized Ubuntu, Ultimate++, UltraVNC, Unetbootin, Varnish, VirtuaDub, VLC into 14 groups which are Networking System, Multimedia, Media Player, Vtiger, , WAMP5, WDM, Webkit, Webmin, Wine, Web Design, Software Development, Utilities, Business, WinSCP, Wireshark, Wordpress, Workrave, WURFL, wxWidgets, Databases, Productivity, Internet Applications, Operating X3DOM, XAMPP, X-Chat 2, Xine, XOOPS, xTuple, Zanata, Zentyal Server, Zile, ZSNES. Systems, Education, Security, Embedded System, and Health. Fig. 1 shows the distribution of the OSS Projects’ categories. B. COLLECTING INFORMATION FROM EACH OSS

PROJECT Based on the list of popular OSS Projects, the next step is collecting information from each of the 263 OSS Projects. The information is collected from the projects’ official websites, project’s repository, and other relevant information from other websites. The information collected from each of the OSS Projects with its remark is described in Table I.

TABLE I. INFORMATION COLLECTED FROM OSS PROJECTS

Information Remark Name The official name of the OSS Project

Description Short description of the OSS Project Fig. 1. OSS Projects by Category Category Category of the OSS Project Fig. 1 shows that most of the OSS Projects are related to Host URL link of the OSS Project computer and networking related applications (Networking Repository Source Code Repository used by the project System, Web Design, Software Development, Utilities, Community Name The official name of the OSS Community Databases, Internet Applications, Operating System, and Security). Multimedia applications also has significant Community Type Type of the OSS Community Number of number along with business related applications (Business and Contributors The number of contributors Productivity). Projects categories in Education, Health and Embedded System are still in small proportions. This Project’s Start Year The start year of the OSS Project observation indicates that the majority of users / customers of

OSS Projects are person who involved in computer and All information stated in Table I is collected directly from networking related areas, while the users in other areas are still OSS Project’s website and its repositories except for Category in small proportions. and Community Type. The Project’s Category is inferred B. OSS COMMUNITY TYPES from project’s description, whereas the Community Type is inferred from the description and activity of the community The driving force of the OSS Projects is their communities. and its product’s offering. An OSS Project is usually initiated by one or more person who is organized intially in informal manner or Ad Hoc. As the IV. RESULT OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS number of contributors increased, the need for more formal Statistical analysis is conducted of all the information types of organization which clear structure and responsibilities collected from 263 popular OSS Projects to find meaningful arises. These organizations may evolve into two types of insight and interesting patterns. There are five significant organization which are Foundation / Non-formal organization observations found from the analysis: and Commercial Company. Some community organizations 1. OSS Project Categories become a Foundation / Non-formal organization if they 2. OSS Community Types decided to remain non-profit, while they may also become a 3. Contributors of OSS Projects commercial company if they decided to commercialize some 4. OSS Project Repositories aspects of their software products or supports. Based in how 5. OSS Project Start Year the communities are developed, they are categorized into 3 typesm of OSS Communities, which are:

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1. Ad Hoc: there is no informal structure in the decreases indicating the increased difficulty in managing community, every contributors are in the same level of larger contributors who almost never meet face to face and roles and responsibilities. This state of organization is only communicate through online channels. usually in the early form of OSS Communities. 2. Foundation / Non-profit organization: the community The size of the contributors in OSS Projects can be has formal structure of role hierarchy and correlated with the types of communities as discussed in Table responsibility, but they continue to have non-profit II. Table IV shows the size of contributors in Ad Hoc OSS orientation. The form of community may remain Communities. informal or become foundation. 3. Commercial Company: the community has formal TABLE IV. CONTRIBUTORS OF AD HOC OSS COMMUNITIES structure of role hierarchy and responsibility. This organization offers both free or community versions of No. Of Contributors No. Of Project the software system and the paid versions with 1 - 30 93 professional support. 31 - 100 36

Table II shows the types of OSS Communities of the 263 101 - 400 22 popular OSS Projects based on the examination of their > 400 13 activities and product offerings. Figure IV shows that most of Ad Hoc OSS Communities TABLE II. TYPES OF OSS COMMUNITIES are supported by small number of contributors (no more than 30 contributors). Since in Ad Hoc communities there are no Organization No. Of Project explicit roles and responsibilites for each contributors, the Ad Hoc 166 overall contribution may become difficult to manage as the number of contributors becomes larger. Foundation / Non-profit organization 45

Commercial Company 52 The correlation of the number of contributors in Foundation / Non-profit Organization is shown in Table V. Table II shows that most of the OSS Communities (about 63%) are still in Ad Hoc state indicated by unstructured roles TABLE V. CONTRIBUTORS OF FOUNDATION /N ON -P ROFIT and responsibilities among those contributors. The second ORGANIZATION OF OSS PROJECTS largest category is Commercial Company for about 19.8%. The third category is Foundation / Non-profit organization for No. Of Contributors No. Of Project about 17%. Some of the noticable names of Foundation / 1 - 30 17 Non-profit organizations are Apache Software Foundation, 31 - 100 4 The Gnome Foundation, The Eclipse Foundation, Debian Organization, Hibernate Community, Sharp Develop 101 - 400 12 Community, etc. > 400 12 C. CONTRIBUTORS OF OSS PROJECTS Table V shows that for Foundation / Non-profit Contributors are persons who participate to the OSS Organization are more suitable to larger groups of contributors Projects in many forms of contributions. Most of the in OSS Projects. This is due to the fact that in more formal contributions are in the source code development, translation, types of organization such as Foundation or Non-profit documentation, etc. Table III shows the classification of the organization, the roles and responsibilities are stated number of contributors of the 263 popular OSS Projects. explicitly. The explicit roles and responsibilities enables each members of large organization to contribute positively with TABLE III. CONTRIBUTORS OF OSS PROJECTS minimal conflict and overlapping.

No. Of Contributors No. Of Project The correlation of the number of contributors in 1 - 30 134 Commercial Company OSS Project is shown in Table VI. Table VI shows that for OSS Community that becomes 31 - 100 56 commercial company usually has small groups of contributors 101 - 400 40 in order to remain competitive and manageable. > 400 30

Table III shows most of the OSS Projects are supported by small groups of contributors (1 – 30 contributors). The number of OSS Projects supported by larger groups of contributors

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TABLE VI. CONTRIBUTORS OF COMMERCIAL COMPANY OSS PROJECTS

No. Of Contributors No. Of Project 1 - 30 24 31 - 100 16 101 - 400 6 > 400 5

D. OSS PROJECT REPOSITORIES All of the 263 popular OSS Projects will use one or many repository portals to maintain their source code and other documentations. Some of the OSS Projects may use more Fig. 2. OSS Projects Start Year than one portal or may choose to use their own website as their own source code repository. Table VII shows the Fig. 2 shows that there is possible correlation between the utilization of repositories by these popular OSS Projects. age of the project and their popularity. In 2011 showing a significant number of popular OSS projects which related to TABLE VII. REPOSITORIES OF OSS PROJECTS the emergence of new web technologies such as Javascript, , etc. The lowest number of popular OSS No. Of Repositories Projects Projects are in 2007 in which there are only 8 popular projects that are started in 2007 compared to the average of 17 projects GitHub 85 / year. There is one popular OSS Project that started in 2014 Sourceforge 68 that is OpenDaylight. Own (project’s own website) 29 V. CONCLUSION Ohloh 21 OSS Projects becomes one of the mainstream software Sourceforge, Ohloh 16 development methodologies competing with the proprietary / commercial software engineering. The OSS Projects Google Code 10 consisting of two co-evolved components which are the OSS Launchpad 10 System and OSS Community. The analysis of the 263 popular Sourceforge, GitHub 10 OSS Projects and their communities may provide important insight to better understanding of their popularity and success. GitHub, Ohloh 5

Sourceforge, GitHub, Ohloh 2 It can be concluded based the statistical analysis of 263 Sourceforge, Launchpad 2 popular OSS Project that: 1. Most of the project’s categories are in the computer Sourceforge, Launchpad, Ohloh 2 and networking related applications and only small Launchpad, Ohloh 1 proportion in business, education, and health. Launchpad, Sourceforge 1 2. Most of the OSS Communities are in Ad Hoc state (non formal and non structured) indicating that most of Table VII shows that the three most popular repositories are the projects are not properly managed. GitHub, Sourceforge, and Ohloh, while some of the OSS 3. The contributors of OSS Projects are in small number Projects are using its own website by utilizing version control in each project (mostly below 30 contributors). applications. The other repositories such as Google Code and Foundation / Non-profit organization usually suitable Launchpad are used in some of these projects. for more structured large group of contributors, while Commercial Company of OSS Communities remains E. OSS PROJECTS START YEAR in small number of contributors. The OSS Projects start year are recorded to examine the 4. The top three OSS Project repositories are Github, age of the project and its relation to other recorded attributes. Sourceforge and Ohloh. Fig. 2 shows the classification of start year of OSS Projects. The future work of this research is analyzing the evolution of larger numbers of OSS Projects and their communites based on many attributes so that the framework of the growth and evolution of OSS Projects, systems, and communites can be mapped so the ideal pathways of development of OSS Projects could be measured and identified.

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