DOCSLIB.ORG

Leadership in the Pacific Islands : Tradition and the Future

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Leadership in the Pacific Islands : Tradition and the Future tdership in the ific islands: tradition and the future Edited by Don Shuster, Peter Larmour and Karin von Strokirch Leadership in the Pacific islands Leadership in the Pacific islands: tradition and the future Edited by Donald R. Shuster, Peter Larmour and Karin von Strokirch National Centre for Development Studies Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra (Pacific Policy Paper 30) Micronesian Area Research Center University of Guam Manilao © National Centre for Development Studies 1998 This work is copyright. Apart from those uses which may be permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 as amended, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. This book is a publication of the National Centre for Development Studies. The contribution of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) towards the publication of this series is gratefully acknowledged. The opinions contained in this book are those of the authors, and not necessarily of the National Centre for Development Studies. ISSN 0817-0444 ISBN 0 7315 2372 5 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Leadership in the Pacific islands : tradition and the future. ISBN 0 7315 2372 5. 1 . Political leadership - Pacific Area. 2. Pacific Area - Politics and govern ment. I. Shuster, Donald R. II. Larmour, Peter. III. Strokirch, Karin von. IV. Australian National University. National Centre for Development Studies. V. University of Guam. Micronesian Area Research Center. (Series : Pacific policy papers ; 30). 320.996 Series editor: Maree Tait Editor: Tikka Wilson Pagemaker: Tikka Wilson Design: LujanSheen Design Cover design: Annie Di Nallo Cover photos: Donald R. Shuster Printed in Australia by Paragon Printers Contents Contributors vii Acknowledgment PIPSA xx Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 Donald R. Shuster 1. The bai and the chief in Palau 7 Roman Tmetuchl 2. Palauan women: their involvement in politics 17 Juliana M. Anastacio 3. Political leadership in Palau: the Roman 27 Tmetuchl period Donald R. Shuster 4. William V. Vitarelli: a colonial hero in Micronesia 58 Dirk Anthony Ballendorf 5. Gaston Flosse: a recipe for longevity in Tahitian 65 politics Karin von Strokirch 6. Far Pacific policy under the second Clinton 75 administration: opportunities and obstacles Larry N. Gerston 7. Requiem for a quest: the failure of Guam's leaders 89 to secure fundamental political change Robert F. Rogers 8. 'Kremlinology ' and the Cooks: analysing leadership 1 02 change and continuity from a distance Michael Goldsmith Leadership in the Pacific islands I v 9. Political culture and political process: Fiji, American 115 Samoa and Palau Robert Churney 10. A time for heroes: leadership and political change 126 in the Pacific Tim Bruce Appendix 132 Report on and extracts from the 17th Island Conference on Public Administration: the Guam commonwealth Richard H.J. Wyttenbach-Santos Micronesian Area Research Center, University of Guam 150 National Centre for Development Studies 150 vi I Leadership in the Pacific islands Acknowledgment The Pacific Islands Political Studies Association (PIPSA) held its fifth conference in the Republic of Palau in December 1996 and many of the papers presented there are included in this volume. The Association's host was Mr Roman Tmetuchl who holds the title Ngiraked (high chief of Airai). Chief Tmetuchl invited the conferees to his home on the opening evening. At the close of the conference, he invited participants to tour the traditional Airai bai (chief's meeting house), and to the modern bai for lunch and an impressive speech about the role of the chief and the bai in Palauan culture. Chief Tmetuchl's speech is included in this book. The publication of this volume has been made possible through a subsidy from Chief Tmetuchl. The National Centre for Development Studies at the Australian National University, the Richard F. Taitano Micronesian Area Research Centre of the University of Guam and the Pacific Islands Political Studies Association are especially thankful to Chief Tmetuchl for his generous and timely support. Roman Tmetuchl has been a leader all his life and is probably Palau's most successful businessman, owning the Pacifica Development Group which comprises some fourteen business operations. Chief Tmetuchl has also distinguished himself in Palau's political and community affairs. In the 1960s he persuaded the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands government to give up large sections of land to local owners in the states of Angaur and Peleliu and on the island of Ngerkebesang. He was a key leader in gaining war claims payments for the people of Palau and assisted government workers in 1950 and 1981 to bring strikes to successful resolution. Tmetuchl was a member of the Congress of Micronesia, the Palau Congress and Legislature, served as governor of Airai State for eight years and was a candidate for the presidency of the Republic of Palau in three elections. Perhaps Chief Tmetuchl's greatest achievement in the political arena was his single-handed and successful movement to separate Palau from the other ethnic areas of Micronesia. For nearly Leadership In the Pacific islands I vii four years, Tmetuchl served as Palau's chief compact negotiator with President Carter's ambassador for Micronesian status issues, Peter Rosenblatt. Chief Tmetuchl is an active member of Palau's Seventh Day Adventist Church, travels often, and resides with his wife Perpetua, ten children and eighteen grandchildren. viii I Leadership in the Pacific islands Contributors Juliana Anastacio is a faculty member of Palau Community College. Dirk Anthony Ballendorf is Professor of History and Micronesian Studies in the Micronesian Area Research Center at the University of Guam. Tim Bruce is an attorney for the Mayor of Rota Island, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Robert Churney is a faculty member of the College of Micronesia, FSM. Larry Gerston teaches in the Department of Political Science at San Jose State University. Michael Goldsmith is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political Science and Public Policy at the University of Waikato, New Zealand. Peter Larmour is Director of the Development Administration Program, National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University. Roman Tmetuchl is the Paramount Chief of the state of Airai, Republic of Palau. Don Shuster is Professor of Education and Micronesian Studies in the Micronesian Area Research Centre at the University of Guam. Karin von Strokirch is a lecturer in International Relations at the University of New England, Australia. Richard H.J. Wyttenbach-Santos is Vice President for Student Affairs at the University of Guam. Leadership in the Pacific islands I ix PIPSA The Pacific Islands Political Studies Association (PIPSA), a non-profit group, was founded in 1987 with financial support from the Institute for Polynesian Studies, Brigham Young University (BYU), Hawaii. At that time Professors Jerry Loveland and Dale Robertson of BYU brought together a group of academics and practicing politicians to brainstorm how academics might engage themselves more productively in the contemporary political histories of the independent and emerging Pacific islands states. The participants were Ahmed Ali, Nao Badu, Pofitu Fesili, Peter Larmour, Steven Levine, Ron May, Norman Meller, Guy Powles, Donald Shuster, Moses Uludong and Edward Wolfers. Their concluding vision was to establish an association which would draw together political practitioners, teachers, university students and researchers to examine Pacific island political affairs from a multidisciplinary perspective. Conferences have been held since 1988 in Western Samoa, Guam, Australia, the Cook Islands and the Republic of Palau. This volume contains a selection of the papers and speeches delivered at PIPSA's 1996 meeting in Palau. The association's sixth conference is scheduled for 7-10 December 1998, at the Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Island Studies, University of Canterbury, New Zealand. Currently, the association's president is Dr Ueantabo Neemia-Mackenzie at Canterbury and its vice president is Dr Sandra Tarte of the University of the South Pacific, Fiji. x I Leadership in the Pacific islands Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank aka also known as APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation BATFOG Bush Administration Task Force on Guam BEM big emerging market CIP Cook Islands Party CNMI Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands FSM Federated States of Micronesia GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ICPA Island Conference on Public Administration NZ New Zealand OEK Olbiil era Kehdau (Palau National Congress) OTIA Office of Territorial and International Affairs (US) PIPSA Pacific Islands Political Studies Association PPSC Palau Political Status Commission RPR Rassemblement pour la Republique (French conservative party) TTPI Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (also TT) UN United Nations US United States USN United States Navy Leadership In the Pacific islands I xi Introduction Donald R. Shuster Leadership is an elusive property difficult to pin down. Pursuing its meaning enlarges our understanding of the dynamics of social change and the nature of culture. The contributors to this volume examine what leaders do from various perspectives and in a diversity of island areas and the United States. According to Feinberg and Watson-Gegeo (1996:16) leadership is one component
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 16 STATES
    The 16 STATES Pristine Paradise. 2 Palau is an archipelago of diverse terrain, flora and fauna. There is the largest island of volcanic origin, called Babeldaob, the outer atoll and limestone islands, the Southern Lagoon and islands of Koror, and the southwest islands, which are located about 250 miles southwest of Palau. These regions are divided into sixteen states, each with their own distinct features and attractions. Transportation to these states is mainly by road, boat, or small aircraft. Koror is a group of islands connected by bridges and causeways, and is joined to Babeldaob Island by the Japan-Palau Friendship Bridge. Once in Babeldaob, driving the circumference of the island on the highway can be done in a half day or full day, depending on the number of stops you would like. The outer islands of Angaur and Peleliu are at the southern region of the archipelago, and are accessable by small aircraft or boat, and there is a regularly scheduled state ferry that stops at both islands. Kayangel, to the north of Babeldaob, can also be visited by boat or helicopter. The Southwest Islands, due to their remote location, are only accessible by large ocean-going vessels, but are a glimpse into Palau’s simplicity and beauty. When visiting these pristine areas, it is necessary to contact the State Offices in order to be introduced to these cultural treasures through a knowledgeable guide. While some fees may apply, your contribution will be used for the preservation of these sites. Please see page 19 for a list of the state offices.
    [Show full text]
  • Grassroots Governance?: Chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2003 Grassroots governance?: chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean University of Calgary Press Grassroots governance?: chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean. Donald I. Ray, P.S. Reddy, eds. Series: Africa, missing voices series 1, University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/48646 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 3.0 Unported Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca University of Calgary Press www.uofcpress.com GRASSROOTS GOVERNANCE? CHIEFS IN AFRICA AND THE AFRO-CARIBBEAN Edited by Donald I. Ray and P.S. Reddy ISBN 978-1-55238-565-4 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • CHIEFS and the STATE in INDEPENDENT ZAMBIA Exploring the Zambian National Press
    CHIEFS AND THE STATE IN INDEPENDENT ZAMBIA Exploring the Zambian National Press •J te /V/- /. 07 r s/ . j> Wim van Binsbergen Introduction In West African countries such as Nigeria, Ghana and Sierra Leone, chiefs have successfully entered the modern age, characterized by the independent state and its bureaucratie institutions, peripheral capitalism and a world-wide electronic mass culture. There, chiefs are more or less conspicuous both in daily life, in post-Independence literary products and even in scholarly analysis. In the first analysis, the Zambian situation appears to be very different. After the späte of anthropological research on chiefs in the colonial era,1 post-Independence historical research has added précision and depth to the scholarly insight concerning colonial chiefs and the precolonial rulers whose royal or aristocratie titles the former had inherited, as well as those (few) cases where colonial chieftaincies had been downright invented for the sake of con- venience and of systemic consistence all over the territory of the then Northern Rhodesia. But precious little has been written on the rôle and performance of Zambian chiefs öfter Independence. A few recent regional studies offer useful glances at chiefly affairs in 1. The colonial anthropological contribution to the study of Zambian chieftainship centered on, the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute and the Manchester School, and included such classic studies of chieftainship as Barnes 1954; Cunnison 1959; Gluckman 1943, 1967; Richards 1935; Watson 1958. Cf. Werbner 1984 for a recent appraisal. e Copyright 1987 - Wim van Binsbergen - 139 - CHIEFS IN INDEPENDENT ZAMBIA Wim van Binsbergen selected rural districts,2 but by and large they fail to make the link with the national level they concentrât« on the limited number of chiefs of the région under study.
    [Show full text]
  • The Republic of Palau Pursuing a Sustainable and Resilient Energy Future
    OIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIAOIA The Republic of Palau Pursuing a Sustainable and Resilient Energy Future The Republic of Palau is located roughly 500 miles east of the Philippines in the Western Pacific Ocean. The country consists of 189 square miles of land spread over more than 340 islands, only nine of which are inhabited: 95% of the land area lies within a single reef structure that includes the islands of Babeldaob (a.k.a. Babelthuap), Peleliu and Koror. Palau and the United States have a strong relationship as enshrined in the Compact of Free Association, U.S. Public Law 99-658. Palau has made a concerted effort in goals set forth in its energy policy. recent years to address the technical, The country completed its National policy, social and economic hurdles Climate Change Policy in 2015 and Energy & Climate Facts to deploying energy efficiency and made a commitment to reduce Total capacity (2015): 40.1 MW renewable energy technologies, and has national greenhouse gas emissions Diesel: 38.8 MW taken measures to mitigate and adapt to (GHGs) as part of the United Nations Solar PV: 1.3 MW climate change. This work is grounded in Framework Convention on Climate Total generation (2014): 78,133 MWh Palau’s 2010 National Energy Policy. Change (UNFCCC). Demand for electricity (2015): Palau has also developed an energy action However with a population of just Average/Peak: 8.9/13.5 MW plan to outline concrete steps the island over 21,000 and a gross national GHG emissions per capita: 13.56 tCO₂e nation could take to achieve the energy income per capita of only US$11,110 (2011) in 2014, Palau will need assistance Residential electric rate: $0.28/kWh 7°45|N (2013 average) Arekalong from the international community in REPUBLIC Peninsula order to fully implement its energy Population (2015): 21,265 OF PALAU and climate goals.
    [Show full text]
  • A Summary of Palau's Typhoon History 1945-2013
    A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History 1945-2013 Coral Reef Research Foundation, Palau Dec, 2014 © Coral Reef Research Foundation 2014 Suggested citation: Coral Reef Research Foundation, 2014. A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History. Technical Report, 17pp. www.coralreefpalau.org Additions and suggestions welcome. Please email: [email protected] 2 Summary: Since 1945 Palau has had 68 recorded typhoons, tropical storms or tropical depressions come within 200 nmi of its islands or reefs. At their nearest point to Palau, 20 of these were typhoon strength with winds ≥64kts, or an average of 1 typhoon every 3 years. November and December had the highest number of significant storms; July had none over 40 kts and August had no recorded storms. Data Compilation: Storms within 200 nmi (nautical miles) of Palau were identified from the Digital Typhoon, National Institute of Informatics, Japan web site (http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital- typhoon/reference/besttrack.html.en). The storm tracks and intensities were then obtained from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) (https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/en/JTWC/). Three storm categories were used following the JTWC: Tropical Depression, winds ≤ 33 kts; Tropical Storm, winds 34-63 kts; Typhoon ≥64kts. All track data was from the JTWC archives. Tracks were plotted on Google Earth and the nearest distance to land or reef, and bearing from Palau, were measured; maximum sustained wind speed in knots (nautical miles/hr) at that point was recorded. Typhoon names were taken from the Digital Typhoon site, but typhoon numbers for the same typhoon were from the JTWC archives.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (332Kb)
    * **** * * * **** PALAU - EUROPEAN COMMISSION 2007 JOINT ANNUAL REPORT 1.1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Republic of Palau is one of the wealthiest Pacific Island Nations with a gross domestic product per capita of nearly $8,000. It is also the biggest per capita aid recipient in the region due to its close association with the United States. Significant funds are provided through the Compact of Free Association between the two countries. These funds are predominately used to develop infrastructure to facilitate Palau's economic growth. The 9th EDF CSP/NIP provides an indicative financial allocation of € 2 m for the "A" Envelope, and € 0.6 m for the "B" envelope. The renewable energy focal sector, accounts for I 00% of the A envelope M €1. 7 million implemented through a multi-country programme (REPS) and €0.3 million through a Non-State actor's programme. The entire 'B' envelope has been allocated to Disaster Risk Reduction and will be implemented using a multi-country programme approach managed by SOPAC. The status of projects by the end of2007 is as follows: REPS programme: A tender for the supply and installation of equipment was launched mid- 2007 with a contract awarded shortly thereafter. Equipment supply and installation are expected Q2 2008. NSA Programme: The programme aims to enhance and expand community-based activities in the field of renewable energy. A proposal was formulated in 2006 and a Financing Agreement was signed in June 2007. The programme is implemented by way of a 'grant agreement' by the Palau Community Action Agency. Disaster Risk Reduction Programme ('B' envelope): The Financing Agreement for the project was signed in Tonga in October 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bioarchaeology of Initial Human Settlement in Palau
    THE BIOARCHAEOLOGY OF INITIAL HUMAN SETTLEMENT IN PALAU, WESTERN MICRONESIA by JESSICA H. STONE A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Anthropology and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2020 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Jessica H. Stone Title: The Bioarchaeology of Initial Human Settlement in Palau, Western Micronesia This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Anthropology by: Scott M. Fitzpatrick Chairperson Nelson Ting Core Member Dennis H. O’Rourke Core Member Stephen R. Frost Core Member James Watkins Institutional Representative and Kate Mondloch Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2020 ii © 2020 Jessica H. Stone iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Jessica H. Stone Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology June 2020 Title: The Bioarchaeology of Initial Human Settlement in Palau, Western Micronesia The initial settlement of Remote Oceania represents the world’s last major wave of human dispersal. While transdisciplinary models involving linguistic, archaeological, and biological data have been utilized in the Pacific to develop basic chronologies and trajectories of initial human settlement, a number of elusive gaps remain in our understanding of the region’s colonization history. This is especially true in Micronesia, where a paucity of human skeletal material dating to the earliest periods of settlement have hindered biological contributions to colonization models. The Chelechol ra Orrak site in Palau, western Micronesia, contains the largest and oldest human skeletal assemblage in the region, and is one of only two known sites that represent some of the earliest settlers in the Pacific.
    [Show full text]
  • Genocide and the Indians of California, 1769-1873 Margaret A
    University of Massachusetts Boston ScholarWorks at UMass Boston Graduate Masters Theses Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses 5-1993 Genocide and the Indians of California, 1769-1873 Margaret A. Field University of Massachusetts Boston Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.umb.edu/masters_theses Part of the Native American Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Field, Margaret A., "Genocide and the Indians of California, 1769-1873" (1993). Graduate Masters Theses. Paper 141. This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses at ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GENOCIDE AND THE INDIANS OF CALIFORNIA , 1769-1873 A Thesis Presented by MARGARET A. FIELD Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies and Research of the Un1versity of Massachusetts at Boston in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS MAY 1993 HISTCRY PROGRAM GENOCIDE AND THE I NDIAN S OF CALIFORNIA, 1769-187 3 A Thesis P resented by MARGARET A. FIELD Approved as to style and content by : Clive Foss , Professor Co - Chairperson of Committee mes M. O'Too le , Assistant Professor -Chairpers on o f Committee Memb e r Ma rshall S. Shatz, Pr og~am Director Department of History ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank professors Foss , O'Toole, and Buckley f or their assistance in preparing this manuscri pt and for their encouragement throughout the project .
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Country Review
    Palau 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 3 Palau 4 Pacific Islands 5 Chapter 2 7 Political Overview 7 History 8 Political Conditions 9 Political Risk Index 16 Political Stability 31 Freedom Rankings 46 Human Rights 58 Government Functions 60 Government Structure 61 Principal Government Officials 65 Leader Biography 67 Leader Biography 67 Foreign Relations 68 National Security 72 Defense Forces 73 Chapter 3 75 Economic Overview 75 Economic Overview 76 Nominal GDP and Components 77 Population and GDP Per Capita 79 Real GDP and Inflation 80 Government Spending and Taxation 81 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 82 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 83 Data in US Dollars 84 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 85 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 86 World Energy Price Summary 87 CO2 Emissions 88 Agriculture Consumption and Production 89 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 91 Metals Consumption and Production 92 World Metals Pricing Summary 94 Economic Performance Index 95 Chapter 4 107 Investment Overview 107 Foreign Investment Climate 108 Foreign Investment Index 110 Corruption Perceptions Index 123 Competitiveness Ranking 135 Taxation 144 Stock Market 144 Partner Links 144 Chapter 5 146 Social Overview 146 People 147 Human Development Index 148 Life Satisfaction Index 151 Happy Planet Index 163 Status of Women 172 Global Gender Gap Index 174 Culture and Arts 184 Etiquette 185 Travel Information 185 Diseases/Health Data 194 Chapter 6 199 Environmental Overview 199 Environmental Issues 200 Environmental Policy 202 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 203 Global Environmental Snapshot 214 Global Environmental Concepts 225 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 240 Appendices 264 Bibliography 265 Palau Chapter 1 Country Overview Palau Review 2016 Page 1 of 277 pages Palau Country Overview PALAU Palau is an island nation in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Chiefs in Fiji
    HISTORY OF THE CHIEFS IN FIJI The House of Chiefs in Fiji consists of the Fijian nobility, composed of about seventy chiefs of .. History · Heads of State · Cakobau period · Colonial period · Modern history · crisis · coups · Military–church relations · coup. These years were marked by bloody political struggles for power by rival Fijian leaders. Hocart makes an argument to the effect that 'the word turanga [sic] On October 10, , after a meeting of the most powerful chiefs, Fiji was unilaterally ceded to the United Kingdom. However the title has been recognised since that time and the British Monarch has filled a similar role since; even since Fiji became a republic in , the former Great Council of Chiefs continued to recognise Elizabeth II as its most senior chief. Kevaka sa yali tiko na turaga sa na rawa ni 'takeover' ko Narai. If so, sautu may be rendered literally as 'established sau', which itself suggests that 'peace and plenty' is inevitably the condition of a country where a high chief takes precedence over all and everyone fulfils his or her material obligations to others; here the idea is not that a despot commands and a cowed people do his will, but rather that the willing attendance of the people on one who has been chosen from the appropriate chiefly clan by leaders of the appropriate landspeople clan and installed as paramount, in and of itself produces a genuine prosperity for all. The 'General History of the Country of Sawaieke' Na i tukutuku raraba ni vanua ko Sawaieke , recorded by Lands Commission officials in , covers a time-span that begins some years or so earlier and ends at the period that Fiji was ceded to Britain in An anomaly exists in the west of the country, where the provinces of Ba and Ra are split between the confederacies of Kubuna and Burebasaga.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour Guide Manual)
    KOROR STATE GOVERNMENT Tour Guide Training and Certification Program Contents Acknowledgments .......................................................................................... 4 Palau Today .................................................................................................... 5 Message from the Koror State Governor ...........................................................6 UNESCO World Heritage Site .............................................................................7 Geography of Palau ...........................................................................................9 Modern Palau ..................................................................................................15 Tourism Network and Activities .......................................................................19 The Tour Guide ............................................................................................. 27 Tour Guide Roles & Responsibilities ................................................................28 Diving Briefings ...............................................................................................29 Responsible Diving Etiquette ...........................................................................30 Coral-Friendly Snorkeling Guidelines ...............................................................30 Best Practice Guidelines for Natural Sites ........................................................33 Communication and Public Speaking ..............................................................34
    [Show full text]
  • Political Geography
    Provided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. Volume 17 Number e&tgusc 2008 ISSN 0962-0293 Political Geography Available online at **? Science Direct www.sciancedirecl.com This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Political _^ -2 Geography ELSEVIER Political Geography 27 (2008) 630-651 www.elsevier.com/locate/polgeo Inscribing empire: Guam and the War in the Pacific National Historical Park R.D.K. Herman* Research Unit, Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA Abstract National parks form an archipelago of government-run, on-site "museums," geographic sites of territorial and rhetorical nation-building. The War in the Pacific National Historical Park, which occupies seven parcels of land on the small island of Guam, celebrates the "freedom" that the U.S. brought to the region in World War II. But in fact, this landscape sits at the nexus of several contested territories. Guam was seized in the 1898 Spanish—American War—the final wave of American territorial expansion—and experienced 50 years of dictatorship under the U.S.
    [Show full text]