Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching: A TAPPI PRESS Anthology of Published Papers 0101R283

Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching: A TAPPI PRESS Anthology of Published Papers Edited by Katherine A. Kulas, Ph.D.

1999. 408 pages, soft cover. ISBN 0-89852-362-1 Item Number 0101R283

This new anthology details actual mill conversions to ECF Bleaching. Thirty-nine technical papers from around the world have been included. The anthology will be particularly useful to mills beginning or going through ECF conversions to meet the EPA Cluster Rules. It will also be a valuable troubleshooting guide for mills that have already converted. The papers are grouped into four chapters:

Chapter 1: Mill Experiences · Chlorine Dioxide deliginification Practices in Canada Pyrke, D.C. and Reeve, D. W., TAPPI 1996 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 21 ...... 3 · Successfully Producing Elemental Chlorine-Free pulp in the Americas Now and in the Future Johnson, a. P., Herschmiller, D.W., Trepte, R. E., Augusto, C., Do Amaral Santos, S., Palmiere, M. J., and Purdie, D., Tappi J., 79 (7): 61 (1996)...... 23 · Implementation of ECF Bleaching at Mead Paper Co., Chillicothe, Ohio Pryke, D. C., Farley, B., and Wolf, A., TAPPI 1995 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 251 ...... 33 · ECF Bleaching of Hardwood and Softwood at Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Herbert, s., spring conference of the Pacific Coast and Western Branches, Technical Section, CPPA, Whistler BC, May 1995 ...... 45 · ECF Conversion at SAPPI Fine Paper North America, Skowhegan, Maine Pryke, D.C., Hiltz, R., Griffin, T., Gallagher, D., and Van Der Merwe, B. TAPPI 1998 Pulping Conference proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 431...... 51 · Simpson Tacoma Kraft Operates Dioxin-Free with High Percentage CIO22 Substitution Johnson, D. C., Conkle, J., Hasimoto, S., Minday, M., Tappi J., 76 (3): 89 (1993)...... 65 · Practical Mill Experience with the Use of Hydrogen Peroxide Reinforced Extraction Stages to Reduce and/or Eliminate the Use of Elemental Chlorine in Hardwood Kraft Pulps for AOX Reduction Walsh, P.B., Hoyos, M., Seccombe, R. C., TAPPI 1991 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 35...... 75 · The Evolution of Pulp Bleaching Practices at Harmac Pacific McKenzie, D. J., 1994 International Pulp Bleaching Conference-- Papers, Technical Section, CPPA, Montreal, pp. 163...... 81 · Mill Scale Evaluation of Pulp Chlorination Systems Morgan, J., Thakore, A., Krauza, K., 1991 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, Vol. 3, Swedish Association of Pulp and Paper Engineers, Stockholm, pp 271...... 87 · Mill Experience with Chlorine Dioxide deliginification

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Wilson, R., Swaney, J., Pryke, D.C., Luther, C. E., and O'Connor, B.I., Pulp and Paper Canada 93:10 (1992) p. 35. Paper presented at 1991 Pacific Coast-Western Branches Joint Conference of the Technical Section, CPPA, Whistler, BC, Canada, May 1991...... 105 · The Impact of Chlorine Dioxide deliginification on Pulp Manufacture and Effluent Characteristics at Grande Prairie, AB Pryke, D.C., Winter, P., Bouree, G.R., and Mickowski, C., Pulp and Paper Canada 95:6 (1994) pp. 40. Paper presented at 1993 Pacific Coast-Western Branches Joint Conference of the Technical Section, CPPA, Whister BC, Canada, May 1993...... 115 · Kraft Pulp Bleaching Without Chlorine Jean, P., Pryke, D.C., TAPPI 1998 Pulping conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 445...... 123 · Implementation of Pressurized Hydrogen Peroxide Stage and ECF Conversion at Western Pulp Limited, Squamish Division Oie, J., Pryke, D.C., TAPPI 1998 Pulping Conference proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp.445...... 127 · Current Bleaching Sequences in Nordic Kraft Pulp Mills Lund, J., Lonnberg, B., Jakara, J., and Nyman, J., TAPPI 1998 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 711 ...... 143 · Bleaching Plant Operation and Its Environmental Relationship at Bahia Sul Celulose: A Mill Case Santos, C., and Caldas, P., 1996 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 219...... 155 · Steps Toward Selecting a Bleaching Sequence in Aracurz Modernization Project Mokfienski, A., Demuner, B., Manhaes, G., et al, 1998 International Pulp Bleaching Conference proceedings, Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Espoo, pp. 255...... 171 · A Modern ECF Bleaching Concept: Experience and Eco Mill Perspectives at Stora Skoghall Savolainen, R., Norborg, K., and Lindberg, H., 1998 International Pulp Bleaching Conference proceedings, Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Espoo, pp. 263 ...... 179

Chapter 2: Laboratory Studies · New and Improved Possibilities in D100 Bleaching Basta, J., Andersson, L., Blom, C., Forsstrom, A., Wane, G., and Johansson, N-G, TAPPI 1992 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, p. 547...... 187 · Short Sequence DeoD Bleaching of Southern Softwood Dixon, S., Miller, W., Bennett, P., and Genco, J., TAPPI 1992 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, P. 131...... 195 · ECF Bleaching of Oxygen Delignified Softwood Pulp With the Minimum Charge of CIO2 Malinen, r., Rantanen, T., and Rasimus, R., TAPPI 1993 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 925...... 223 · Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching of Single Species Samples of Three Hardwood Kraft Pulps: Oak, Maple, and Gum Reeve, D. W. and Weishar, K. M., TAPPI 1997 Pulping Conference

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Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp 121...... 231 · Total Chlorine Dioxide Substitution in Short Sequence Bleaching and Its Effect on Pulp Brightness and Effluent Characteristics Parthasarathy, V.R., Rudie, G.F., Detty, A.E., Farley, B.R., French, N.H., and Chandrasekaran, S., TAPPI 1993 Pulping conference proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp933...... 241 · Modifying Existing Bleach Plants for ECF Sequences with Low Chlorine Dioxide Jameel, H., Chang, H., and Geng, Z., TAPPI 1996 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp 651...... 259 · Non-Chlorine Bleaching of MCC-Pulp Dillner, B., Larsson, L., and Tibbling, P., TAPPI 1989 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp213...... 271 · Using Hydrogen Peroxide in 100% Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching Sequences Lachapele, R., Strunk, W., and Klein, R., Tappi J., 75 (7): 181 (1992)...... 281 · Interaction of Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorine Dioxide Stages in ECF Bleaching Senior, D.J., Hamilton, J., Ragauska, A.J., and Froass, P., 1996 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp261...... 287 · A Comparative Evaluation of Low AOX Bleaching Sequences Ragauskas, A.J., Turner, M., Khandelwal, B., Mangotta, V.L., and Roy, B., 1998 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, Finnish Pulp and paper Research Institute, Espoo, pp 389...... 301 · (DZ) and (ZD) Bleaching: Fundamentals and Application Chirat, C., Lachenal, D., Angelier, R., and Viardin, M.T., Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, 23 (6): J289 (1997) ...... 307 · Enzyme Boosting and Peroxide Reinforcement in 100% Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching Sequences – A Low Capital Alternative to Oxygen Deliginification Strunk, W., Klein, R., Elm, D., Choma, R., and Sundaram, V., TAPPI 1992 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp 117...... 311 · Low Kappa Factor Bleaching of Oxygen Delignified Hardwood Kraft Pulp – Xylanase and Peroxide Applications Aumont, M., Vegega, A., Elm, D., and Choma, P., 80th Annual Meeting of the Technical Section, CPPA, January 1994, Pulp and Paper Canada 97: 1(1996) pp. T37...... 325 · Optimizing the ECF Bleaching of a High Kappa North American West Coast Softwood Kraft Pulp Hills, R., Heimburger, S., and Suty, H., TAPPI 1998 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp 605...... 331

Chapter 3: Environmental Impact · Reduced AOX and Biological Effects by Modification of a Mill CIO2 Stage Ljunggren, S., Gidnert, S.B., and deSousa, F., Tappi J., 81 (1): 267 (1998)...... 347 · Reducing Chlorinated Organic Compounds from Bleached Kraft Mills Through First Stage Substitution of Chlorine Dioxide for Chlorine Stinchfield, A.E., and Woods, M.G., Tappi J., 78 (6): 117 (1995)...... 355 · Effects of Mill Modernization and Treatment System Performance on Wastewater Discharges from a New Zealand Bleached Kraft Pulp Mill Suthridge, T., and Nicol, C., Appita '97, APPITA, Australia, pp 659...... 365 · A Modern Low Polluting Fiberline

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Bjorklund, T., Carre, G., Hafvenstrom, K., and Lindstrom, L., Appita '96, APPITA, Australia, pp 711...... 373

Chapter 4: Quality Impact · Particle Removal with Chlorine Free Bleaching Chemicals Bergnor, E., Strom, M., and Mellander, P., 1996 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 63...... 381 · On the Use of Laboratory References for Predicting and Measuring the Performance of Bleach Plant Operations. Part 1: The Effects of Bleaching on Pulp Strength Marcoccia, B., Sweeney, B., and Lowe, R., 1996 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 53...... 389 · Effects of ECF and TCF Bleaching Sequences on the Properties of Softwood Kraft Pulp Fuhrmann, A., Li, X., and Rautonen, R., 1996 International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta, pp. 71...... 399

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