DOCSLIB.ORG

Web Accessibility for the Blind Through Visual Representation Analysis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Die approbierte Originalversion dieser Dissertation ist in der Hauptbibliothek der Technischen Universität Wien aufgestellt und zugänglich. http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at The approved original version of this thesis is available at the main library of the Vienna University of Technology. http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at/eng Web Accessibility for the Blind Through Visual Representation Analysis DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor/in der technischen Wissenschaften eingereicht von Ruslan Fayzrakhmanov Matrikelnummer 0728003 an der Fakultät für Informatik der Technischen Universität Wien Betreuung: Prof. Dr. Reinhard Pichler Diese Dissertation haben begutachtet: (Prof. Dr. Reinhard Pichler) (Prof. Dr. Alessandro Provetti) Wien, 03.12.2013 (Ruslan Fayzrakhmanov) Technische Universität Wien A-1040 Wien Karlsplatz 13 Tel. +43-1-58801-0 www.tuwien.ac.at Web Accessibility for the Blind Through Visual Representation Analysis DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doktor/in der technischen Wissenschaften by Ruslan Fayzrakhmanov Registration Number 0728003 to the Faculty of Informatics at the Vienna University of Technology Advisor: Prof. Dr. Reinhard Pichler The dissertation has been reviewed by: (Prof. Dr. Reinhard Pichler) (Prof. Dr. Alessandro Provetti) Wien, 03.12.2013 (Ruslan Fayzrakhmanov) Technische Universität Wien A-1040 Wien Karlsplatz 13 Tel. +43-1-58801-0 www.tuwien.ac.at Erklärung zur Verfassung der Arbeit Ruslan Fayzrakhmanov Favoritenstraße 9-11/184-2, A-1040 Wien Hiermit erkläre ich, dass ich diese Arbeit selbständig verfasst habe, dass ich die verwen- deten Quellen und Hilfsmittel vollständig angegeben habe und dass ich die Stellen der Arbeit - einschließlich Tabellen, Karten und Abbildungen -, die anderen Werken oder dem Internet im Wortlaut oder dem Sinn nach entnommen sind, auf jeden Fall unter Angabe der Quelle als Entlehnung kenntlich gemacht habe. (Ort, Datum) (Unterschrift Verfasserin) i Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the support and encouragement of many people, who I would like to acknowledge in this section: I am very thankful to Prof. Thomas Eiter for giving me the unique opportunity to undertake my Ph.D. studies at the Vienna University of Technology. My sincere thanks to Katrin Seyr for her unceasing support and attention during my work on the thesis. I am very grateful to my advisor, Prof. Reinhard Pichler who helped me to systematize the results of my research, ameliorate presentation of the material, and who also endeavored to ensure the completion of this work. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my second advisor, Dr. Robert Baumgartner who gave me invaluable suggestions on my own scientific research and thanks to whom, I was able to attain practical experience by participating in scientific projects and conferences. I would also like to mention Prof. Georg Gottlob, who always encouraged me to pursue this creative work. I very much appreciate the scientific experience and practical knowledge which I acquired through all the productive and dynamic work alongside my inspirational colleagues and friends from the DBAI group. I am particularly grateful to Bernhard Krüpl-Sypien, Wolfgang Holzinger, and Max Christopher Göbel. It was a lot of fun to work with them. The contributions which are included and discussed within this thesis are mainly based on cooperative work with our research projects. I very much appreciate the recommendations provided by Prof. Yevgen Borodin regarding this thesis as they were extremely helpful in improving my work. Many thanks to Alexey A. Viktorov and Jürgen Schwingshandl, who helped me in conducting a survey of users who are blind and evaluating the proposed approaches. I would like to thank Stephen Longley for proofreading this thesis and ensuring its readability. Last but by no means least, I am very thankful to my wonderful, loving and understanding parents and brother who by their example, advice and continuous support inspired me in my research. This thesis has been supported by the Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Window Programme of the European Union, by the Austrian Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft FFG under grants 819563 (ABBA project) and 829614 (TAMCROW project), and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grant P25207-N23. iii Abstract One of the most important attributes of a civilized society is based on the principle of equal op- portunities for self-development and self-actualization within one’s life. In today’s contemporary information society, this principle can be realized by enhancing the accessibility of information resources for various groups of the population. Information is an inalienable part of today’s life. This fact is clearly evident in the ongoing development and expansion of the World Wide Web (the Web)—a huge information platform that has provided vast opportunities for people by making it possible to effectively solve various tasks in business, education, science, and our everyday lives. With the help of the Web, a person can pay bills, buy products and services, complete university degrees online, search for and read articles, keep contact with their friends and so much more. However, these opportunities are not available for everybody. For example, people who are blind encounter a lot of problems surfing the Web. This is a direct result of the majority of web pages being orientated at sighted users and not taking into account users who are blind. Blind users perceive the world differently and therefore need effective mechanisms for navigation through the elements on a web page and the thorough understanding of their semantic role in order to obtain an overview of a page in a few moments and perform a search. Current approaches provide us with limited solutions in the pursuit of particular goals such as web page segmentation or text summarization. Moreover, most approaches consider non-visual web page representations, such as source code (X/HTML and XML) and tree representations (the tag tree and DOM tree) which do not reflect the semantics that is analyzed by sighted users and posed exclusively on the rendered web page. This fact explains the limitations of such methods. The goal of this thesis is to enhance the accessibility of web pages for blind users. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a complex solution covering the problems of automatic understanding of a web page’s functional elements on the rendered web pages and navigation. Firstly, we provide the means for web page analysis and understanding on the visual level which carries the main information presented not only by the textual content, but also by the layout, styles and other visual characteristics perceivable by sighted users. Secondly, the challenges in improving web mobility of blind users based on the recognized logical elements of a web page are considered in detail and solutions are proposed. Considering the complexity in the analysis of visual characteristics, close attention is payed to the modeling of a web page’s visual features defined in the Unified Ontological Model (UOM) as well as developing methods and techniques for querying the model and approaches for realizing methods for web page understanding and information extraction. The uniqueness of the Unified Ontological Model (UOM) is based on its integration of different aspects of a web page in one v consistent model, such as geometry of the layout with quantitative and qualitative characteristics, interface with different functional elements and structures, and the DOM tree. The proposed cross-platform framework, Web Page Processing System (WPPS), ensures an efficient generation of the UOM according to the provided configuration and conveys an application programming interface (API) for developing methods and algorithms of web page processing. The WPPS demonstrated its effectiveness in developing methods of web page segmentation, web object identification and information extraction. For enhancing web accessibility based on the identified web page elements, the Multi-Axial Navigation Model (MANM) and navigation methodology are proposed in this thesis. Blindzilla, a cross-platform system which demonstrated its effectiveness in an evaluation with blind users, implements these concepts. Kurzfassung Chancengleichheit bei selbständiger Entwicklung und Aktualisierung für alle ist ein wichti- ges Merkmal zivilisierter Gesellschaften. In der heutigen Informationsgesellschaft findet dieser Aspekt eine seiner Umsetzungen in der Verbesserung des Zugangs verschiedener Bevölkerungs- gruppen zu Informationsressourcen. Information ist ein unabdingbarer Teil des heutigen Lebens. Diese Tatsache verdeutlicht die laufende Entwicklung und Expansion des World Wide Web (des Internets) – einer riesigen Informationsplattform, die für Menschen große Chancen eröffnet hat, indem sie die effiziente Lösung von Aufgaben im Geschäftsleben, in der Bildung, der Wissen- schaft und in unserem täglichen Leben ermöglicht. Mit Hilfe des Internets kann man Rechnungen bezahlen, Produkte und Dienstleistungen kaufen, an einer Fernuniversität studieren, nach Artikeln suchen und sie lesen, Kontakt mit FreundInnen halten und vieles mehr. Diese Möglichkeiten stehen jedoch nicht allen offen. Zum Beispiel sind blinde Menschen beim Surfen im Internet mit vielen Problemen konfrontiert. Dies liegt an der Orientierung der überwiegenden Mehrheit von Webseiten an sehenden BenutzerInnen, ohne Berücksichtigung von blinden BenutzerInnen. Blinde BenutzerInnen
Recommended publications
  • Web Security

    Web Security

    CSE343/443 Lehigh University Fall 2015 Web Security Presenter: Yinzhi Cao Slides Inherited and Modified from Prof. John Mitchell Reported Web Vulnerabilities "In the Wild" 1200 1000 800 Input Validation 600 CSRF XSS SQLi 400 200 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Web application vulnerabilities Goals of web security Safely browse the web n Users should be able to visit a variety of web sites, without incurring harm: w No stolen information (without user’s permission) w Site A cannot compromise session at Site B Secure web applications n Applications delivered over the web should have the same security properties we require for stand- alone applications Network security Network Attacker System Intercepts and controls network communication Alice Web security System Web Attacker Sets up malicious site visited by victim; no control of network Alice Web Threat Models Web attacker n Control attacker.com n Can obtain SSL/TLS certificate for attacker.com n User visits attacker.com w Or: runs attacker’s Facebook app Network attacker n Passive: Wireless eavesdropper n Active: Evil router, DNS poisoning Malware attacker n Attacker escapes browser isolation mechanisms and run separately under control of OS Malware attacker Browsers (like any software) contain exploitable bugs n Often enable remote code execution by web sites n Google study: [the ghost in the browser 2007] w Found Trojans on 300,000 web pages (URLs) w Found adware on 18,000 web pages (URLs) Even if browsers were bug-free, still lots of vulnerabilities
  • Bibliography of Erik Wilde

    Bibliography of Erik Wilde

    dretbiblio dretbiblio Erik Wilde's Bibliography References [1] AFIPS Fall Joint Computer Conference, San Francisco, California, December 1968. [2] Seventeenth IEEE Conference on Computer Communication Networks, Washington, D.C., 1978. [3] ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD Symposium on Principles of Database Systems, Los Angeles, Cal- ifornia, March 1982. ACM Press. [4] First Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 1986. [5] 1987 ACM Conference on Hypertext, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, November 1987. ACM Press. [6] 18th IEEE International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing, Tokyo, Japan, 1988. IEEE Computer Society Press. [7] Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Portland, Oregon, 1988. ACM Press. [8] Conference on Office Information Systems, Palo Alto, California, March 1988. [9] 1989 ACM Conference on Hypertext, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November 1989. ACM Press. [10] UNIX | The Legend Evolves. Summer 1990 UKUUG Conference, Buntingford, UK, 1990. UKUUG. [11] Fourth ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Hilton Head, South Carolina, November 1991. [12] GLOBECOM'91 Conference, Phoenix, Arizona, 1991. IEEE Computer Society Press. [13] IEEE INFOCOM '91 Conference on Computer Communications, Bal Harbour, Florida, 1991. IEEE Computer Society Press. [14] IEEE International Conference on Communications, Denver, Colorado, June 1991. [15] International Workshop on CSCW, Berlin, Germany, April 1991. [16] Third ACM Conference on Hypertext, San Antonio, Texas, December 1991. ACM Press. [17] 11th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, Houston, Texas, 1992. IEEE Computer Society Press. [18] 3rd Joint European Networking Conference, Innsbruck, Austria, May 1992. [19] Fourth ACM Conference on Hypertext, Milano, Italy, November 1992. ACM Press. [20] GLOBECOM'92 Conference, Orlando, Florida, December 1992. IEEE Computer Society Press. http://github.com/dret/biblio (August 29, 2018) 1 dretbiblio [21] IEEE INFOCOM '92 Conference on Computer Communications, Florence, Italy, 1992.
  • Front 01: HTML Y

    Front 01: HTML Y

    HTML Y CSS FRONT PRIMERA PARTE Guía para directivos y técnicos V.1 Front HTML y CSS Este documento forma parte de las guías de onboarding de Autentia. Si te apasiona el desarrollo de software de calidad ayúdanos a difundirlas y anímate a unirte al equipo. Este es un documento vivo y puedes encontrar la última versión, así como el resto de partes que completan este documento, en nuestra web. https://www.autentia.com/libros/ Esta obra está licenciada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) FRONT - HTML Y CSS Hoy en día el negocio está en la que se publican y organizan los red. Es en el mercado on-line contenidos, además del grado donde se producen la mayor parte de usabilidad y accesibilidad de de los intercambios comerciales los mismos, influye directamente entre clientes y proveedores. en el posicionamiento que los El primer contacto de nuestros motores de búsqueda asignan a usuarios con nuestro negocio, y las aplicaciones. en muchos casos el único, es a través de una aplicación web o móvil. No disponer de un diseño atractivo, una experiencia de usuario agradable, accesible y que se adapte de manera adecuada para ser usada en diferentes dispositivos (Responsive), es garantía de una pérdida masiva de potenciales clientes. De la misma manera, la forma en la FRONT - HTML Y CSS “No hay una segunda oportunidad para una primera impresión” Alcanzar la habilidad de realizar diseños profesionales y usables no es algo baladí y se necesita un conocimiento profundo en marketing digital, experiencia de usuario y en tecnologías front-end.
  • Document Object Model

    Document Object Model

    Document Object Model CITS3403: Agile Web Development Semester 1, 2021 Introduction • We’ve seen JavaScript core – provides a general scripting language – but why is it so useful for the web? • Client-side JavaScript adds collection of objects, methods and properties that allow scripts to interact with HTML documents dynamic documents client-side programming • This is done by bindings to the Document Object Model (DOM) – “The Document Object Model is a platform- and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents.” – “The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented page.” • DOM specifications describe an abstract model of a document – API between HTML document and program – Interfaces describe methods and properties – Different languages will bind the interfaces to specific implementations – Data are represented as properties and operations as methods • https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_htmldom.asp The DOM Tree • DOM API describes a tree structure – reflects the hierarchy in the XTML document – example... <html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title> A simple document </title> </head> <body> <table> <tr> <th>Breakfast</th> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Lunch</th> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> Execution Environment • The DOM tree also includes nodes for the execution environment in a browser • Window object represents the window displaying a document – All properties are visible to all scripts – Global variables are properties of the Window object • Document object represents the HTML document displayed – Accessed through document property of Window – Property arrays for forms, links, images, anchors, … • The Browser Object Model is sometimes used to refer to bindings to the browser, not specific to the current page (document) being rendered.
  • CSS Containers: Making Websites Accessible to Disabled Users

    CSS Containers: Making Websites Accessible to Disabled Users

    CSS containers: making websites accessible to disabled users John R Hudson 1 May 2020∗ 1 Personal background I first became interested in page design as a student journalist at university. When I first started using a micro-computer, I was interested in how much time it could save me; when I discovered vector graphics in the mid 1980s, I realised that I could save time and produce quality output by using a computer. In the 1990s I worked with a blind student and learned how I could use my computing skills to make life easier for him. After 30 years of using my understanding to create quality printed documents and more recently PDF files, in 2010 I was inspired by a talk from David Fisher to put these principles to work in maintaining and developing websites. 2 The wider context Cascading style sheets (CSS), proposed in 1994 by Håkon Wium Lie, who worked at CERN, were first adopted by Microsoft in Internet Explorer 3 and then by Netscape and Opera. These separate the presentation of material on a website from its content and structure as defined by HTML. At the turn of the century, they went out of favour for a number of reasons and development focused on XHTML. But, a few years later, Mozilla, Apple and Opera began working on a new specification for HTML which would meet the needs of modern devices and which would rely on CSS for presentation. This was published in 2011 as a rolling release and work began on a series of rolling updates to CSS to cope with the needs of the new version of HTML and the demands of modern devices.
  • Estudios De I+D+I

    Estudios De I+D+I

    ESTUDIOS DE I+D+I Número 51 Proyecto SIRAU. Servicio de gestión de información remota para las actividades de la vida diaria adaptable a usuario Autor/es: Catalá Mallofré, Andreu Filiación: Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña Contacto: Fecha: 2006 Para citar este documento: CATALÁ MALLOFRÉ, Andreu (Convocatoria 2006). “Proyecto SIRAU. Servicio de gestión de información remota para las actividades de la vida diaria adaptable a usuario”. Madrid. Estudios de I+D+I, nº 51. [Fecha de publicación: 03/05/2010]. <http://www.imsersomayores.csic.es/documentos/documentos/imserso-estudiosidi-51.pdf> Una iniciativa del IMSERSO y del CSIC © 2003 Portal Mayores http://www.imsersomayores.csic.es Resumen Este proyecto se enmarca dentro de una de las líneas de investigación del Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos para Personas con Dependencia (CETDP – UPC) de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña que se dedica a desarrollar soluciones tecnológicas para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad. Se pretende aprovechar el gran avance que representan las nuevas tecnologías de identificación con radiofrecuencia (RFID), para su aplicación como sistema de apoyo a personas con déficit de distinta índole. En principio estaba pensado para personas con discapacidad visual, pero su uso es fácilmente extensible a personas con problemas de comprensión y memoria, o cualquier tipo de déficit cognitivo. La idea consiste en ofrecer la posibilidad de reconocer electrónicamente los objetos de la vida diaria, y que un sistema pueda presentar la información asociada mediante un canal verbal. Consta de un terminal portátil equipado con un trasmisor de corto alcance. Cuando el usuario acerca este terminal a un objeto o viceversa, lo identifica y ofrece información complementaria mediante un mensaje oral.
  • Responsive Design

    Responsive Design

    Girls Who Code At Home Activist Toolkit Part 5 Building: Make it Responsive Activity Overview Your website is looking great with the CSS you added in the last activity! For this part of the series, we will explore how to make sure your website looks great on different screen sizes like laptop, tablet, and mobile devices. This is called responsive design. Screen size on a laptop Screen size on a mobile device Materials ➔ Computer Note: If you did not complete Part 4, you can access Parts 1, 2, and 3 here. If ➔ Trinket or the text editor of your choice you have some experience with HTML, ➔ Code you wrote during Part 4 you can remix and use the Part 4 ➔ Final Project Example Code Example Code that stops at the end of Part 4. PART 1 PART 2 PART 3 PART 4 PART 5 PLANNING PLANNING BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING Research & Wireframe Intro to Intro to Make it Feedback & Mockup HTML CSS Responsive with CSS Identify and Layout the Build the Style the research a skeleton of framework of HTML Add styling cause. your website, your site elements on that adapts then add in using HTML. your site your site to your design using CSS. different elements. screen sizes. 2 Women in Tech Spotlight: Teagan Widmer When Teagan was in grad school, she noticed that safe2pee, a website helping LGBTQ community members find safe bathrooms, shut down unexpectedly. Although she majored in theater and had no experience with coding, she decided to attend a hackathon and eventually created REFUGE Restrooms, an open-source gender-neutral bathroom locator.
  • Text to Speech Synthesis for Bangla Language

    Text to Speech Synthesis for Bangla Language

    I.J. Information Engineering and Electronic Business, 2019, 2, 1-9 Published Online March 2019 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijieeb.2019.02.01 Text to Speech Synthesis for Bangla Language Khandaker Mamun Ahmed Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: [email protected] Prianka Mandal Department of Software Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: [email protected] B M Mainul Hossain Institute of Information Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: [email protected] Received: 13 September 2018; Accepted: 14 December 2018; Published: 08 March 2019 Abstract—Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis is a rapidly A TTS system converts natural language text into growing field of research. Speech synthesis systems are speech and then, a computer system able to read text applicable to several areas such as robotics, education and aloud. A speech synthesizer converts written text to a embedded systems. The implementation of such TTS phonemic representation and then converts the phonemic system increases the correctness and efficiency of an representation to waveforms which can be output as application. Though Bangla is the seventh most spoken sound. language all over the world, uses of TTS system in There are several ways to create synthesized speech. applications are difficult to find for Bangla language Among them, concatenative synthesis and formant because of lacking simplicity and lightweightness in TTS synthesis are very popular. Concatenative synthesis is systems. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a simple based on concatenating pre-recorded speech of phonemes, and lightweight TTS system for Bangla language.
  • Javascript and Embedded Objects

    Javascript and Embedded Objects

    Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Complete Reference / JavaScript: TCR / Powell & Schneider / 225357-6 / Chapter 18 Blind Folio 557 18 JavaScript and Embedded Objects odern browsers support many technologies beyond (X)HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. A wide variety of extra functionality is available in the form of browser plug-ins, MActiveX controls, and Java applets. These technologies provide extended capabilities that can make Web pages appear more like applications than marked-up text. Embedded objects provide a natural complement to the limited capabilities of scripting languages like JavaScript. Embedded objects come in many forms, but the most popular are multimedia in nature. A good example is Macromedia Flash files, which allow designers to add advanced vector graphics and animation to Web sites. Various other types of embedded video, sound, and live audio are also quite popular. Embedded Java applets are often included in pages that require more advanced graphics, network, or processing functionality. Browsers provide the bridge that facilitates communication between JavaScript and embedded objects. The way this communication is carried out is essentially non-standardized, although browser vendors adhere to their own ad hoc “standards,” which are in widespread use. Even so, there are numerous concerns when dealing with embedded objects. First, including them makes the assumption that the user’s browser has the capability to handle such objects. Second, even if the user does have an appropriate extension installed, many users find embedded objects annoying because they increase download time while only occasionally improving the overall utility of the site. Third, users with older browsers and users on non-Windows platforms are often unable to use embedded objects because of lack of support.
  • Design and Implementation of Text to Speech Conversion for Visually Impaired People

    Design and Implementation of Text to Speech Conversion for Visually Impaired People

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Covenant University Repository International Journal of Applied Information Systems (IJAIS) – ISSN : 2249-0868 Foundation of Computer Science FCS, New York, USA Volume 7– No. 2, April 2014 – www.ijais.org Design and Implementation of Text To Speech Conversion for Visually Impaired People Itunuoluwa Isewon* Jelili Oyelade Olufunke Oladipupo Department of Computer and Department of Computer and Department of Computer and Information Sciences Information Sciences Information Sciences Covenant University Covenant University Covenant University PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria PMB 1023, Ota, Nigeria * Corresponding Author ABSTRACT A Text-to-speech synthesizer is an application that converts text into spoken word, by analyzing and processing the text using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and then using Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology to convert this processed text into synthesized speech representation of the text. Here, we developed a useful text-to-speech synthesizer in the form of a simple application that converts inputted text into synthesized speech and reads out to the user which can then be saved as an mp3.file. The development of a text to Figure 1: A simple but general functional diagram of a speech synthesizer will be of great help to people with visual TTS system. [2] impairment and make making through large volume of text easier. 2. OVERVIEW OF SPEECH SYNTHESIS Speech synthesis can be described as artificial production of Keywords human speech [3]. A computer system used for this purpose is Text-to-speech synthesis, Natural Language Processing, called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in Digital Signal Processing software or hardware.
  • Guía De Accesibilidad De Oracle Solaris 11 Desktop • Octubre De 2012 Contenido

    Guía De Accesibilidad De Oracle Solaris 11 Desktop • Octubre De 2012 Contenido

    Guía de accesibilidad de Oracle® Solaris 11 Desktop Referencia: E36637–01 Octubre de 2012 Copyright © 2011, 2012, Oracle y/o sus filiales. Todos los derechos reservados. Este software y la documentación relacionada están sujetos a un contrato de licencia que incluye restricciones de uso y revelación, y se encuentran protegidos por la legislación sobre la propiedad intelectual. A menos que figure explícitamente en el contrato de licencia o esté permitido por la ley, no se podrá utilizar, copiar, reproducir, traducir, emitir, modificar, conceder licencias, transmitir, distribuir, exhibir, representar, publicar ni mostrar ninguna parte,de ninguna forma, por ningún medio. Queda prohibida la ingeniería inversa, desensamblaje o descompilación de este software, excepto en la medida en que sean necesarios para conseguir interoperabilidad según lo especificado por la legislación aplicable. La información contenida en este documento puede someterse a modificaciones sin previo aviso y no se garantiza que se encuentre exenta de errores. Sidetecta algún error, le agradeceremos que nos lo comunique por escrito. Si este software o la documentación relacionada se entrega al Gobierno de EE.UU. o a cualquier entidad que adquiera licencias en nombre del Gobierno de EE.UU. se aplicará la siguiente disposición: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, delivered to U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation of the programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, shall be subject to license terms and license restrictions applicable to the programs.
  • CTA Specification, CTA-5000) and W3C (As a Final Community Group Report), by Agreement Between the Two Organizations

    CTA Specification, CTA-5000) and W3C (As a Final Community Group Report), by Agreement Between the Two Organizations

    CCTTAA SSppeecciiffiiccaattiioonn Web Application Video Ecosystem – Web Media API Snapshot 2017 CTA-5000 December 2017 NOTICE Consumer Technology Association (CTA)™ Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmember of the Consumer Technology Association from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards, Bulletins or other technical publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than Consumer Technology Association members, whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. WAVE Specifications are developed under the WAVE Rules of Procedure, which can be accessed at the WAVE public home page (https://cta.tech/Research-Standards/Standards- Documents/WAVE-Project/WAVE-Project.aspx) WAVE Specifications are adopted by the Consumer Technology Association in accordance with clause 5.4 of the WAVE Rules of Procedures regarding patent policy. By such action, the Consumer Technology Association does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard, Bulletin or other technical publication. This document does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use.