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The Crusader Monthll,J Nelijsletter
THE CRUSADER MONTHLL,J NELIJSLETTER ROBERT F. WILLIAMS, EDITOR -IN EXILE- VoL . ~ - No. 9 MAY 1968 Afro-Americans & Slick John Kennedy Government of the United States is no government T~E of the Afro-Americans at all. The slick John Ken- nedy gang is operating one of the greatest sham govern- ment in the entire world. Afro-Americans and fair minded Od > ~- O THE wN«< /l~USL . lF Yov~Re EyER IN NE60, CALL ME AT whites must be gullible indeed to believe that the racist, KKK dominated so-called U.S. Government is concerned with the welfare and human rights of colored people. The colored people of the USA must bring themselves to realize that taken integration is a slick manuever to check the restlessness of an oppressed people fast becoming infect ed with the germ of total resistance policy developing among all of the oppressed peoples of the world. Token integration means nothing to the masses. Even an idiot should be able to see that so-called Token integration is no more than window dressing designed to lull the poor downtrodden Afro-American to sleep and to make the out side world think that the racist, savage USA is a fountainhead of social justice and democracy. The Afro-American in the USA is facing his greatest crisis since chattel slavery. All forms of violence and underhanded methods o.f extermination are being stepped up against our people. Contrary to what the "big daddies" and their "good nigras" would have us believe about all of the phoney progress they claim the race is making, the True status of the Afro-Ameri- can is s#eadily on the down turn. -
The Crusader Coalition
The Crusader Coalition Crusading Rhetoric in the Islamic State's Magazines Dabiq and Rumiyah 31 July 2018 R. de Jager 411588 MA Global History and International Relations Erasmus University Rotterdam Supervisor: Prof. Dr. D. Douwes Second reader: Dr. R.J. Adriaansen The Crusader Coalition De Jager 411588 Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 3 A Note on Transliteration ........................................................................................................ 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5 Chapter I: The Rise of the Islamic State ................................................................................ 16 Chapter II: The Terminology of the Radical Islamic Discourse ............................................. 22 Chapter III: The Crusades ..................................................................................................... 32 Chapter IV: The Crusades in Dabiq and Rumiyah ................................................................. 42 Chapter V: Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 72 Glossary ................................................................................................................................ 76 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ -
A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E
Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Honors Program Senior Projects WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2014 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Tobias Osterhaug Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Osterhaug, Tobias, "A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E." (2014). WWU Honors Program Senior Projects. 25. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors/25 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Honors Program Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Tobias Osterhaug History 499/Honors 402 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Introduction: The first Crusade, a massive and unprecedented undertaking in the western world, differed from the majority of subsequent crusades into the Holy Land in an important way: it contained no royalty and was undertaken with very little direct support from the ruling families of Western Europe. This aspect of the crusade led to the development of sophisticated hierarchies and vassalages among the knights who led the crusade. These relationships culminated in the formation of the Crusader States, Latin outposts in the Levant surrounded by Muslim states, and populated primarily by non-Catholic or non-Christian peoples. Despite the difficulties engendered by this situation, the Crusader States managed to maintain control over the Holy Land for much of the twelfth century, and, to a lesser degree, for several decades after the Fall of Jerusalem in 1187 to Saladin. -
2018 Media Guide NYRA.Com 1 FIRST RUNNING the First Running of the Belmont Stakes in 1867 at Jerome Park Took Place on a Thursday
2018 Media Guide NYRA.com 1 FIRST RUNNING The first running of the Belmont Stakes in 1867 at Jerome Park took place on a Thursday. The race was 1 5/8 miles long and the conditions included “$200 each; half forfeit, and $1,500-added. The second to receive $300, and an English racing saddle, made by Merry, of St. James TABLE OF Street, London, to be presented by Mr. Duncan.” OLDEST TRIPLE CROWN EVENT CONTENTS The Belmont Stakes, first run in 1867, is the oldest of the Triple Crown events. It predates the Preakness Stakes (first run in 1873) by six years and the Kentucky Derby (first run in 1875) by eight. Aristides, the winner of the first Kentucky Derby, ran second in the 1875 Belmont behind winner Calvin. RECORDS AND TRADITIONS . 4 Preakness-Belmont Double . 9 FOURTH OLDEST IN NORTH AMERICA Oldest Triple Crown Race and Other Historical Events. 4 Belmont Stakes Tripped Up 19 Who Tried for Triple Crown . 9 The Belmont Stakes, first run in 1867, is one of the oldest stakes races in North America. The Phoenix Stakes at Keeneland was Lowest/Highest Purses . .4 How Kentucky Derby/Preakness Winners Ran in the Belmont. .10 first run in 1831, the Queens Plate in Canada had its inaugural in 1860, and the Travers started at Saratoga in 1864. However, the Belmont, Smallest Winning Margins . 5 RUNNERS . .11 which will be run for the 150th time in 2018, is third to the Phoenix (166th running in 2018) and Queen’s Plate (159th running in 2018) in Largest Winning Margins . -
The Triple Crown (1867-2019)
The Triple Crown (1867-2019) Kentucky Derby Winner Preakness Stakes Winner Belmont Stakes Winner Horse of the Year Jockey Jockey Jockey Champion 3yo Trainer Trainer Trainer Year Owner Owner Owner 2019 Country House War of Will Sir Winston Bricks and Mortar Flavien Prat Tyler Gaffalione Joel Rosario Maximum Security Bill Mott Mark Casse Mark Casse Mrs. J.V. Shields Jr., E.J.M. McFadden Jr. & LNJ Foxwoods Gary Barber Tracy Farmer 2018 Justify Justify Justify Justify Mike Smith Mike Smith Mike Smith Justify Bob Baffert Bob Baffert Bob Baffert WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC 2017 Always Dreaming Cloud Computing Tapwrit Gun Runner John Velazquez Javier Castellano Joel Ortiz West Coast Todd Pletcher Chad Brown Todd Pletcher MeB Racing, Brooklyn Boyz, Teresa Viola, St. Elias, Siena Farm & West Point Thoroughbreds Bridlewood Farm, Eclipse Thoroughbred Partners & Robert V. LaPenta Klaravich Stables Inc. & William H. Lawrence 2016 Nyquist Exaggerator Creator California Chrome Mario Gutierrez Kent Desormeaux Irad Ortiz Jr. Arrogate Doug O’Neill Keith Desormeaux Steve Asmussen Big Chief Racing, Head of Plains Partners, Rocker O Ranch, Keith Desormeaux Reddam Racing LLC (J. Paul Reddam) WinStar Farm LLC & Bobby Flay 2015 American Pharoah American Pharoah American Pharoah American Pharoah Victor Espinoza Victor Espinoza Victor Espinoza American Pharoah Bob Baffert Bob Baffert Bob Baffert Zayat Stables LLC (Ahmed Zayat) Zayat Stables LLC (Ahmed Zayat) Zayat Stables LLC (Ahmed Zayat) 2014 California Chrome California Chrome Tonalist California Chrome Victor Espinoza Victor Espinoza Joel Rosario California Chrome Art Sherman Art Sherman Christophe Clement Steve Coburn & Perry Martin Steve Coburn & Perry Martin Robert S. -
The Triple Crown (1867-2020)
The Triple Crown (1867-2020) Kentucky Derby Winner Preakness Stakes Winner Belmont Stakes Winner Horse of the Year Jockey Jockey Jockey Champion 3yo Trainer Trainer Trainer Year Owner Owner Owner 2020 Authentic (Sept. 5, 2020) f-Swiss Skydiver (Oct. 3, 2020) Tiz the Law (June 20, 2020) Authentic John Velazquez Robby Albarado Manny Franco Authentic Bob Baffert Kenny McPeek Barclay Tagg Spendthrift Farm, MyRaceHorse Stable, Madaket Stables & Starlight Racing Peter J. Callaghan Sackatoga Stable 2019 Country House War of Will Sir Winston Bricks and Mortar Flavien Prat Tyler Gaffalione Joel Rosario Maximum Security Bill Mott Mark Casse Mark Casse Mrs. J.V. Shields Jr., E.J.M. McFadden Jr. & LNJ Foxwoods Gary Barber Tracy Farmer 2018 Justify Justify Justify Justify Mike Smith Mike Smith Mike Smith Justify Bob Baffert Bob Baffert Bob Baffert WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC WinStar Farm LLC, China Horse Club, Starlight Racing & Head of Plains Partners LLC 2017 Always Dreaming Cloud Computing Tapwrit Gun Runner John Velazquez Javier Castellano Joel Ortiz West Coast Todd Pletcher Chad Brown Todd Pletcher MeB Racing, Brooklyn Boyz, Teresa Viola, St. Elias, Siena Farm & West Point Thoroughbreds Bridlewood Farm, Eclipse Thoroughbred Partners & Robert V. LaPenta Klaravich Stables Inc. & William H. Lawrence 2016 Nyquist Exaggerator Creator California Chrome Mario Gutierrez Kent Desormeaux Irad Ortiz Jr. Arrogate Doug -
Sunset Thomas (2002)
TesioPower Rancho San Antonio Sunset Thomas (2002) Pharos PHALARIS 1 NEARCO Scapa Flow 13 Nogara Havresac II 8 Nearctic (1954) Catnip 4-r HYPERION Gainsborough 2 Lady Angela SELENE 6 Sister Sarah Abbots Trace 4-j Northern Dancer (1961) Sarita 14-c Polynesian Unbreakable 4 NATIVE DANCER Black Polly 14-a Geisha DISCOVERY 23 Natalma (1957) Miyako 5-f MAHMOUD Blenheim II 1 ALMAHMOUD Mah Mahal 9-c Arbitrator Peace Chance 10-d Dixieland Band (1980) Mother Goose 2 ALIBHAI HYPERION 6 Traffic Judge Teresina 6 Traffic Court DISCOVERY 23 Delta Judge (1960) Traffic 3-n Noor NASRULLAH 9 Beautillion Queen Of Baghdad 16-h Delta Queen Bull Lea 9 Mississippi Mud (1973) Bleebok 12-c Determine ALIBHAI 6 Warfare Koubis 5-j War Whisk War Glory 11-b Sand Buggy (1963) Tidy Whisk 4-m Heliopolis HYPERION 6 Egyptian Drift 8 Evening Mist EIGHT THIRTY 11 Dixie Union (1997) Misty Isle 4-m Boldnesian BOLD RULER 8 Bold Reasoning Alanesian 4 Reason To Earn HAIL TO REASON 4-n Seattle Slew (1974) Sailing Home 1-k Poker Round Table 2 My Charmer Glamour 1-x Fair Charmer Jet Action 1 Capote (1984) Myrtle Charm 13 NASRULLAH NEARCO 4 Bald Eagle Mumtaz Begum 9 Siama Tiger 13 Too Bald (1964) China Face 4-m Dark Star Royal Gem II 1 Hidden Talent Isolde 3-n Dangerous Dame NASRULLAH 9 She's Tops (1989) Lady Kells 21 NATIVE DANCER Polynesian 14 Raise A Native Geisha 5-f Raise You Case Ace 1-k Mr Prospector (1970) Lady Glory 8-f Nashua NASRULLAH 9 Gold Digger Segula 3-m Sequence Count Fleet 6 She's A Talent (1983) Miss Dogwood 13 BOLD RULER NASRULLAH 9 Bold Hour Miss Disco 8 Seven -
Jockeys Who Have Ridden Horses in the Big ’Cap
$750,000$750,000 SANTA ANITA HANDICAP SANTA ANITA DERBY MELATONIN Dear Member of the Media: Now in its 82nd year of Thoroughbred racing, Santa Anita is proud to have hosted many of the sport’s greatest moments. Although the names of its historic human and horse heroes may have changed in the SANTA ANITA HANDICAP past eight decades of racing, Santa Anita’s prominence in the sport $750,000 Guaranteed (Grade I) remains constant. Saturday, March 11, 2017 • Eightieth Running This year, Santa Anita will present the 80th edition of one of rac- Gross Purse: $750,000 Winner’s Share: $450,000 Other Awards: $114,000 second; $85,000 third; $40,000 fourth; $20,000 fifth; ing’s premier races — the $750,000 Santa Anita Handicap on Saturday, $15,000 to sixth March 11. Distance: One and one-quarter miles on the main track The historic Big ‘Cap was the nation’s first continually run $100,000 Nominations: Close February 25 2017 at $100 each by 12 noon Supplementary nominations of $15,000 stakes race and has arguably had more impact on the progress of Track and American Thoroughbred racing than any other single event in the sport. Dirt Record: 1:57 4/5, Spectacular Bid, 4 (Bill Shoemaker, 126, February 3, If you have questions regarding the 2017 Big ‘Cap, or if you are 1980, Charles H. Strub Stakes) Stakes Record: 1:58 3/5, Affirmed, 4 (Laffit Pincay Jr., 128, March 4, 1979) interested in obtaining credentials, please contact the Publicity Gates Open: 10:00 a.m. -
Horse Versus Man Looms in Classic
MONDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2017 HORSE VERSUS MAN SIGNIFICANT FORM--AND TALENT--ON DISPLAY IN MISS GRILLO LOOMS IN CLASSIC Significant Form (Creative Cause) crossed the wire first in her Aug. 27 unveiling at Saratoga, only to be disqualified for drifting inward and causing interference into the first turn. She put that all behind her Sunday, producing the same result--minus the antics--and capturing the GIII Miss Grillo S. at Belmont. The gray, a $575,000 OBS April 2-year-old purchase for Stephanie Seymour Brant, tracked the pace and pounced in the stretch, holding off the highly regarded pair of Best Performance (Broken Vow) and Orbolution (Orb) to prevail. After the race, trainer Chad Brown confirmed that the winner likely punched her ticket for the starting gate for the GI Breeders= Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf Nov. 3. AI was really impressed with how she fought back late in the stretch when [Best Performance] challenged her,@ said Brown. AThis win is really encouraging going forward and heading into the Breeders' Cup.@ Cont. p3 Gun Runner may be the only horse standing in the way of a Bob IN TDN EUROPE TODAY Baffert trainee winning the Breeders= Cup Classic | Sarah K. Andrew ARC ANGEL The Week in Review, by Bill Finley Juddmonte’s Enable (GB) (Nathaniel {Ire}), with Frankie Dettori Gun Runner (Candy Ride {Arg}) has earned the right to be in the irons, earned her fifth victory at the highest level in the called the best horse in the U.S. and he will come into the GI G1 Qatar Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe at Chantilly on Sunday for trainer John Gosden. -
2020 International List of Protected Names
INTERNATIONAL LIST OF PROTECTED NAMES (only available on IFHA Web site : www.IFHAonline.org) International Federation of Horseracing Authorities 03/06/21 46 place Abel Gance, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France Tel : + 33 1 49 10 20 15 ; Fax : + 33 1 47 61 93 32 E-mail : [email protected] Internet : www.IFHAonline.org The list of Protected Names includes the names of : Prior 1996, the horses who are internationally renowned, either as main stallions and broodmares or as champions in racing (flat or jump) From 1996 to 2004, the winners of the nine following international races : South America : Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini, Grande Premio Brazil Asia : Japan Cup, Melbourne Cup Europe : Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Queen Elizabeth II Stakes North America : Breeders’ Cup Classic, Breeders’ Cup Turf Since 2005, the winners of the eleven famous following international races : South America : Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini, Grande Premio Brazil Asia : Cox Plate (2005), Melbourne Cup (from 2006 onwards), Dubai World Cup, Hong Kong Cup, Japan Cup Europe : Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Irish Champion North America : Breeders’ Cup Classic, Breeders’ Cup Turf The main stallions and broodmares, registered on request of the International Stud Book Committee (ISBC). Updates made on the IFHA website The horses whose name has been protected on request of a Horseracing Authority. Updates made on the IFHA website * 2 03/06/2021 In 2020, the list of Protected -
2009 International List of Protected Names
Liste Internationale des Noms Protégés LISTE INTERNATIONALE DES NOMS PROTÉGÉS (également disponible sur notre Site Internet : www.IFHAonline.org) INTERNATIONAL LIST OF PROTECTED NAMES (also available on our Web site : www.IFHAonline.org) Fédération Internationale des Autorités Hippiques de Courses au Galop International Federation of Horseracing Authorities __________________________________________________________________________ _ 46 place Abel Gance, 92100 Boulogne, France Tel : + 33 1 49 10 20 15 ; Fax : + 33 1 47 61 93 32 E-mail : [email protected] 2 03/02/2009 International List of Protected Names Internet : www.IFHAonline.org 3 03/02/2009 Liste Internationale des Noms Protégés La liste des Noms Protégés comprend les noms : The list of Protected Names includes the names of : ) des gagnants des 33 courses suivantes depuis leur ) the winners of the 33 following races since their création jusqu’en 1995 first running to 1995 inclus : included : Preis der Diana, Deutsches Derby, Preis von Europa (Allemagne/Deutschland) Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, Belmont Stakes, Jockey Club Gold Cup, Breeders’ Cup Turf, Breeders’ Cup Classic (Etats Unis d’Amérique/United States of America) Poule d’Essai des Poulains, Poule d’Essai des Pouliches, Prix du Jockey Club, Prix de Diane, Grand Prix de Paris, Prix Vermeille, Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe (France) 1000 Guineas, 2000 Guineas, Oaks, Derby, Ascot Gold Cup, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, St Leger, Grand National (Grande Bretagne/Great Britain) Irish 1000 Guineas, 2000 Guineas, -
Diplomacy, Society, and War in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, C.1240-1291
The Frankish Nobility and The Fall of Acre: Diplomacy, Society, and War in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, c.1240-1291 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Jesse W. Izzo IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Michael Lower October 2016 © Jesse W. Izzo, May 2016 i Acknowledgements It is a welcome task indeed to thank some of the many individuals and institutions that have helped me bring this project to fruition. I have enjoyed a good deal of financial support from various institutions without which this project would not have been possible. I extend my heartfelt thanks to the UMN Graduate School and College of Liberal Arts; to the History Department; to the Centers for Medieval Studies and Early Modern History at Minnesota; to the U.S. Department of Education for providing me with a Foreign Language and Area Studies award to study Arabic; and to the U.S.-Israel Education Foundation and Fulbright program, for making possible nine months of research in Jerusalem I cannot name all the marvelous educators I had in secondary school, so O.J. Burns and Ian Campbell of Greens Farms Academy in Westport, CT, two of the very best there have ever been, will need to stand for everyone. Again, I had too many wonderful professors as an undergraduate to thank them all by name, but I do wish to single out Paul Freedman of Yale University for advising my senior essay. My M.Phil. supervisor, Jonathan Riley-Smith, emeritus of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, helped set me on my way in researching the Crusades and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, as he has done for so many students before me.