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Science Advice for a Changing World Tokyo, Japan November 6Th and 7Th, 2018 INGSA 2018 Conference Science Advice for a Changing World Tokyo, Japan November 6th and 7th, 2018 November INGSA 2018 Conference 6th and 7th, TOKYO, JAPAN 2018 Conference Report SCIENCE ADVICE FOR A CHANGING WORLD Conference Report #INGSA2018 INDEX INDEX MESSAGES 2 Message from Sir Peter Gluckman 3 Message from Prof. Teruo Kishi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 Conference Overview 5 Conference Aims and Acknowledgements INDEX CONFERENCE REPORT 6 Day One Sessions - Tuesday 6th November 2018 30 Day Two Sessions - Wednesday 7th November 2018 68 CONFERENCE PROGRAMME 77 BIOGRAPHIES 95 COMMITTEES and TEAMS INGSA | 2018 1 INGSA 2018 Conference Science Advice for a Changing World Tokyo, Japan November 6th and 7th, 2018 Message from Sir Peter Gluckman Chair of the International Network for Government Science Advice (INGSA), Former-Chief Science Advisor to the Prime Minister of New Zealand, International Science Council President-elect It is hard to believe INGSA is only 5 years old. Born out of the first Science Advice to Government Conference in Auckland, New Zealand, in 2014 , INGSA has since delivered over 20 workshops involving almost 1500 attendees. It has forged valuable partnerships with governments and stakeholders in Africa, Europe, the Caribbean, Central America, South America, Asia and the Pacific. The network itself now links over 5000 academics, policy professionals, decision-makers and diplomats from over 80 countries with discussions about best practice, capacity building opportunities and events on every continent. INGSA is constitutionally part of the International Science Council, newly formed by the merger of ICSU and ISSC. This merger has resulted in an organisation greater than the sum of its parts, with INGSA playing an MESSAGE important role in ISC’s work to become the voice of global science. In 2016, the European Commission hosted the 2nd INGSA conference in Brussels. It was an energising event, that brought together some of the world’s most senior and experienced practitioners of science advice. It was the perfect launching pad for INGSA’s next two years, which were marked by rapid growth in the network and activities focused in the Global South. It set INGSA up to strengthen its relationship with long term partners such as the Royal Society, the Wellcome Trust, UNESCO, and the European Commission, while also opening the door to new partnerships with IDRC, UNDP, OECD, and a myriad of organisations and governments around the world. For the third iteration of the Science Advice to Governments conference, INGSA is proud to have collaborated with the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) and the Japanese Science and Technology Agency (JST), to host INGSA2018 in Tokyo. In the two years since Brussels, global events have severely tested science-advice practitioners and systems, as reflected in what has been called the “post-truth” era. Trust in institutions, including the media and policy processes, has been compromised. As social media continues to fuel debate with both reliable and unreliable information, scientific discovery and technological development continue apace, but not without its own controversy, creating challenges at the science-policy nexus. Deliberately we limited the number of attendees at the Tokyo meeting to encourage networking and deep-dive discussions on these topics. We also targeted the conference around four key themes: • The operationalisation of the SDGs • Social and technological transformation • The future of science advice in a changing world • Science advice in context – what are the lessons from real world examples of science advice in practice INGSA2018 proved to be an engaging and forward-facing event, setting the network up for another exciting two years as it looks towards INGSA2020 in Montreal, Canada! - January, 2019 2 INGSA | 2018 INGSA 2018 Conference Science Advice for a Changing World Tokyo, Japan November 6th and 7th, 2018 Conference Report #INGSA2018 MESSAGES Message from Prof. Teruo Kishi Chair of INGSA2018 Local Organizing Committee, Science and Technology Advisor to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Japan On behalf of the Local Organizing Committee, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all those who contributed to the great success of INGSA2018 in Tokyo. I was impressed by the fact that approximately 300 people gathered from more than 50 countries/regions to discuss critical issues under the overarching theme of “Science Advice for a Changing World.” In addition, active engagement of the young generations such as members of Global Science Academy (GYA) was really encouraging also for the future of INGSA. I have been involved in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policy for a long time from a scientific perspective. Since the appointment of three years ago, I have been serving as Science MESSAGE and Technology Advisor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan. I keenly feel the importance of STI in addressing global challenges such as the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Humankind has entered a new era of “digital innovation” led by new fundamental technologies such as the Big Data analytics, Artificial Intelligence, and the Internet of Things, as well as cybersecurity technology and quantum-computing technology. To unleash such STI potentials for realising a better society, the role of scientific advice to bridge STI and policy-making, is of great importance although it is really challenging for us at the same time. Therefore, I firmly believe that activities of INGSA will become increasingly meaningful and I would be glad if I could continue to work together to contribute to them. In closing, I wish you all full success for INGSA2020 to be held in Montreal. INGSA | 2018 3 INGSA 2018 Conference Science Advice for a Changing World Tokyo, Japan November 6th and 7th, 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The 3rd International Conference on Science Advice to Government was held in Tokyo on the 6th and 7th November 2018. Under the title Science Advice for a Changing World, the event attracted almost 300 representatives from over 50 countries, demonstrating the reach and value of INGSA’s global network. The event brought together policy professionals, leading practitioners, scholars, and industry representatives to explore the principles, practices, and dynamics of working at the science-policy interface, particularly in relation to pressing contemporary issues such as climate change and the SDGs. INGSA, and its conference partners, worked hard to ensure a high level of diversity in attendance; by gender, by level of experience and by balancing attendance from the Global South and North. A great deal has changed since the last INGSA conference in September 2016. The theme of Science Advice for a Changing World reflected the necessity of scientific, social and policy systems that are strong enough, yet agile enough, to adapt to an increasingly fast-moving world that is becoming hostile to the value of evidence. Policy cycles are now shorter, and the issues they are expected to address are increasingly complex, and increasingly trans-national. The main theme of the meeting was transformation – environmental, technological, political and social – which is why INGSA2018 chose to use the Sustainable Development Goals as a major focus. These shared goals provide a powerful lens through which science advice, and the mechanisms that underpin it, can have a deep impact on policy, and in doing so, on real people. The overlapping nature of the SDGs also illustrates the complex landscape that science advice practitioners, from all sides, have to work in. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE One of the recurring themes of the meeting was the structural and practical issues around operationalising the SDGs and how to turn the SDGs into policy levers that can (and should) be informed by evidence. One of the primary outcomes from the conference was the detailed discussions on how SGD goals interact with one another (Parallel 2.2) and how the work that ISC and INGSA are doing, to practically map these interactions, can be utilised to exert some real policy pull. The role of Arts, Humanities and the Social Sciences also echoed across many of the sessions, representing the necessity of understanding and incorporating many different types of knowledge (Parallel 2.1). This evolution of the multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity of effective science advice also covered issues of indigenous knowledge and data sovereignty (Parallel 1.1), informal and grassroots science advice (Plenary 3), and the role of the Private Sector (Parallel 2.3). There was also a great deal of discussion around the role of science, technology and data in international diplomacy (Parallel 4.3), the changing locus of power relating to cities and urbanisation (Parallel 4.2), and the complexity of coordinating science advice across various levels of government and of stakeholders to provide science advice, when, where and how it is needed (Plenary 3). The range and depth of debate at INGSA2018 demonstrated how the global discussion of science advice has matured since INGSA was founded. The conference also demonstrated the range of activities INGSA is now involved in with satellite meetings on parliamentary science advice, science diplomacy, urban science advice, and on the role of data in policymaking. There were also a number of key announcements on the future of INGSA: an expansion of INGSA’s regional chapter network to North America and Europe; a new Science Diplomacy Division; the creation
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