For official we only

'CENsus OF INDIA 197 1

SERIES-IO MADHYA PRADESH

PART VIB-A ADMINISTRA TION REPORT Enumeration

A. K. PANDYA OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SER.VlCE DIRECOOR OF CENSUS OPERATlO~S MADHYA PRADESH Cover Motif.-One of the four gateways (Toranas) around the Stupa at Sa.nChi, District Raisen, Madhya. Pradesh, construction of which was started in 3rd Century B. C. by Emperor Asoka, depicting, among other items, the lions which. continue to be a symbol of administration in independent India also. 1971 CENSUS PUBLICATIONS, MADHYA PRADESH

(All the Ce11.HlS Publications of this State will bear series No. 10)

PART I Census General Report including Subsidiary (in Sub-Parts) Tables. PART II-A Census Tables on population. PART H-B EconOIIllic Tables. (in Sub-Parts) PART H-C Social and Cultural Tables. '(in Sub-Parts) PART HI-A Establishment Report and Subsidiary Tables. PART IH-B Establishment Tables. PART IV Housing Report and Tables. PARTV Special Tables and Ethnographic Notes on (in Sub-Parts) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. PART VI-A Town Directory. PART VI-B Special Survey Reports on selected towns. PART VI-C Survey Reports on selected villages. PART VII Special Report on Graduates and Techmcal Personnel. PART VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration. PART VIH-B Administration Report-Tabulation. PART IX Census Atlas.

STATE GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS

PART X-A Village and Town Directory. PART X-B VJllage and Town Primary Censlls Abstracts. PART X-C Analytical Report and Administrative State- ments and District Census Tables.

(District Census Handbooks are published under Part X in 3 Parts-A, B and C for each of the 43 districts in the State. Parts A and B are published in one volume).

~ CHAPTER SUBJECI' Pages PREFACE I. General-Introductory 1-2 II Initial Preparatory Mejlsures 8-6 III First Census Conference, May, 1969 7-11 IV Census Calendar 12-14 V Training Seminars 15-16 VI Staff for State and District Offices 17-24 VII Touring 25-27 VIII Printing and Distribution of Schedules and Instructions. IX Procurement and Preparation of Maps 88-15 X Administrative Units for Enumeration and 86-41 Presentation of Cens\Js Data-Recognition of Towns-Location Code. XI Enumeration Agency 42-48 XII House-numbering and Houselisting 44-52 XIII. Second Census Conference of June, 1970 58-54 XIV Census Hierarchy-Fonnation of Enumeration 55-56 Blocks. .• XV Training of Enumeration Personnel 57-59 XVI The Census Enumeration ." 60-66 XVII The Census Act 67-68 XVIII Directives of the State Government 69-70 XIX Publicity 71-78 XX Distribution of Honorarium and Medals 74-76 XXI General Administration, Budget and Accollnts 77-79 XXII Post Enumeration Check 80-82 XXIII Ancillary Studies 83-86 XXIV Conclusion 87-88 (ii)

APPENDICES CUAPI'ER SUBJEcr Pages 1 Circular from State Government introducing the .. 91 Director of Census Operations. . _.•. D Details of staff in position at the time of assump- 92 tion of office by the Director, i.e., as on 14:-5-1969. III Circular No. 1 issued by the Registrar-General, 93-98 India. .. IV. J?etails q( Circulars issued 99

V Number of clarifications/amendments issuedx 100 VI. Statement showing the dates of receipt of House- 101 lists and Establishment Schedules from the di~ tricts. VII. Statement showing the touring done by Shri A. K. 102-112 Pandya, Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh and other Deputy Directors of Census Operations. .. VIII Copy of letter No. 5596-CR-491-1 (4), dated lIS' the 9th September, 1970, from Government of Madhya Pradesh, General Administration De- partmep.t to all Collectors. . • IX District-wise allotment of monthly POL charges 114 X. ?ern of letter No. 907-113-2-A(3), dated the 16th 115 mary, 1970, from the Government of Madhya Pradesh, Home Department to all the Collectors. XI Statement showing the receipt and distribution 116-121 of forms, Schedules and Instruction Booklets. ., m Block-wise requirement of Enumerators' Daily 122-12S Posting Statement forms worked

CHAPTER SmsJEcr Pages

XVIU. Statement showing the list s pf towns-where ~_rJ:Da- 169-171 - " nent number plates were affixed or a permanent .numbering scheme exists. XIX Copy of letter No. -P469-5667, dated the 13th 172 November, 1969, from Directorate of Panchayat and Social Welfare' Department, Government of . Madhya Pradesh. . . XX Copy of Circular No; 8-delineation of urban 173-180 ~Iomerates and preparation of abridged house- list. XXI Copy of letter No. 9017-2465-I(ii), dated the 19th lSI July, 1969, from Government of Madhya Pradesh, General A.dministration Department regarding appointment of 1)istrict Census Officers. XXII District-wise list of Census Charges in M. P. 185 XXIII District-wise number of Enumerators and Super- 184 v!sors, ~ctual and reserve separately. .XXIV Copy of letter No. 4834-4578-2-A(3), dated the '.,185-186 28th August, 1970, from Government of Madhya Pradesh, to all Heads of Departments, Commis- sioners, Collectors regarding not to transfer the Census Enumerators/Supervisors. XXV Poem composed by a Patwari of Damoh District 187-188 to retain easily what was told in the instructions.

XXVI Copy of th~udgement in the Supreme .Court of 189-192 India rega ing Scheduled Castes. . .

XXVII Statement giving the date and time at which the .I_. 193 consolidated provisional figures for each State and Un~on Territory reached the office of the Repstrar-General, India. XXVIII Statement showing the receipt of provisional 194 figures from the districts. XXIX Statement showing the provisional and final 19:"; population figures with variation in respect of State/Union Territories. XXX Copies of notification~ issued by the State Gov- - .. 196-2U2 emment under the Census Act.

XXXI Copies of notifications issued by the Central ' .. 203--204 Government under the Census Act.

XXXII Copies of letters £rom the State Government in .. _.. 205-226 connection with Census Operations. . .

XXXIII. Copy of the text of the talk given by the Chief ...~ ,a.:_1tl 227-228 Minister, Shri Shyama Charan Shukla. .. CHAPTER SUBJECT Pages

XXXIV .Copies of six advertisements in Hindi and English 229-232 XXXV Statement showing the distribution of 'hQnor. .. 233 arium to the Enumerators/Supervisors for house­ listing work. .. XXXVI Distribution of honorarium to the various Census .. 231 functionaries for individual counts. XXXVII Statement showing' the distribution of Census 235-236 medals to the variOUS Census functionaries. • • XXXVIII Statement showing expenditure from 1959-60 to •• 237-231l . 1961-62 and from 1969-70 to 1971-72. XXXIX. . Statement showing the complete position of .-. 239-240 village monographs of 1961 Census. XL Census schedules and instructions, 1971 241-310 PREFACE As the very title suggests, this Report is a modest effort to place before my unknown successor, in a chronological order, the administrative arrangements made for the conduct of the 1971 Centenary Census. Despite the knowledge that change is the unchangeable law of nature and that there need not be any similarity between problems faced this time and what may have to be encountered at the next' Census, the Report does contain unsolicited advice here and there. I hope I will be pardoned if what has been stated is too presumptuous at plaa:s. , One cannot think of conducting a mighty operation like the Census without the fullest co-operation of everyone-departments and offices of the State Government, offices of the Central Government, employees appointed as Census functionaries and last but not the least, the respondents. It was my good fortune t.o receive active co-operation from every quarter; the results bear ample testimony in that. the final population figures differ from provisional totals announced within a fortnight of conclusion of the Census operations only by' 0.008 per cent. The preliminary estimate of post-enumeration check, conducted in the very month in which enumeration ended, also shows under­ enumeration of .25 percent only. It is well nigh impossible to express one's grateful thanks to everyone individually. All the same, I would be failing in my duty if I do not record here my gratitude to Shri A. Chandra Sekhar, the Registrar General, India, who was always a source of strength, Shri K. D. BallaI, the Deputy Regist.rar General, and Shri K. K. Chakravorty, Central Tabulation Officer in the Registrar General's Office. Within the State, Shri R. P. Naik, Chief Secretary, Shri M. S. Chaudhary, Additional Chief Secretary, Shri S. S. Gill, Home Secretary and Shri A. C. Rai, Deputy Secretary, Home Department, always gave ready co-operation and I am very much beholden to them for it. Here in my office, thanks are due to Shri U. K. Trivedi, Deputy Director, 'Shri M. L. Sharma, Assistant Director, Shri R. B. L. Shrivastava; Office Superintendent, Shri K. R. Pagare, Head Assistant, and Shri Vishram Singh, Statistical Assistant, for the paino; taken in rummaging through the files in order to make available necessary facts and figures and for preparing the Appendices, and also to Shri A. Bhattacharjee, my Stenographer, for neatly typing out the manuscript of this Report. And finally, I wish to record my grateful thanks to the entire district Census machinery...... collectors, District Census Officers, Charge Officers, Supe~isor~ and Enumerators for their full and willing co-operation. These functIonanes actually perform the field duties and deserve full praise for the diligence with which they -carried out their duties.

BHOPAL: The 27th June 197.2. A. K. PANDYA

CHAPTER I GENERAL-INTRODUCTORY

1. One of. my predecessors in office, question (the S. V. D. Ministry resigned on Mr. W. H. Shoobert., who organised the 1931 11-3-69; the Ministry of Raj~ Naresh Chandra Census of C. P. 8c Berar, has referred to a of Sarangarh lasted only a week, and a new general feeling that the Superintendent of COngress Ministry took over on 26-3-69), Census Operations is the most fortunate of deprived me of the benefit of associating myself Government servants in that for a period of with the conduct and results of the second 2 years or more, he is generally secure from pre-test of various Census schedules. the cares of district administration and from the attentions of frequent 'mulakatis'. There 2. The Chief Secretary to the Government is no denying this feeling which; if anything, of Madhya Pradesh, Shri M. P. Shrivastava, is more valid in an independent nation func­ LA.S., introduced me to the Collectors vide tioning on principles of democracy.· The his· letter number 579/1618/1(4), dated 31-5-69 district administration has become complex (Appendix I). It was a very brief letter and the problem of 'mulakatis' much more intimating about my having taken over as strenuous. The assignment of Superintendent Superintendent of Census Operations, exhorted of Census Operations is thus a welcome relief, the Collectors to give full co-operation. and although from the Census of 1961 it has become permitted me to do direct correspondence with a little challenging also in the sense that a all the State Government officers. The letter vast field of research has been thrown open for was a great help, and my previous posting, those willing to accept it. But the job came which had brought me in personal contact my way by sheer accident: Shri S. K. Sharma with all the Collectors, enabled me to ensure (1956-R. R.), who was selected by name on timely implementation of all the stages of 18th Septemoer, 1968, declined the offer Census Operations in the field. because he had his eyes fixed on a trip to U. S. A. to pursue a course in Computors at 3. Change in designation.-The change in the Syracuse University; Shri K. D. Ballal designation of the post from Superintendent of (l9;')7-S.C.S.) whose name was suggested by the Census Operations to Director of Census State Government was actually selected for the Operations did not have much relevance in more onerous responsibility of Deputy Regis­ our State. My predecessor, Shri G. Jagath­ h'ar-General, India; Shri M. N. Buch (1957- pathi, had obtained orders of the State R. R.), who was working as Director, Tribal Government giving placement to the Superin­ 'Welfare, could not join because the Minister-in­ tendent of Census Operations alongwith Heads charge of the Tribal Welfare Department did of Departments of the State Government .in not agree tOo part company with him (although the matter of reservation in the Circuit Houses within months of the stand taken by him, the and to be treated as such. There was thus !\1inistry went out of power 1). So when the no question of confusing the Superintendent Job finally came my way, there was no reaction of Census Operations with an Office Superin­ whatsoever because as Deputy Secretary, tendent or Superintendent of Land Records, G~neral A?ministration Department (dealing thereby creating awkward and avoidable wIth appoIntments, postings and transfers of problems at the time of tour in the districts. ~. A. S. officers), I knew beforehand what was Personally, I never thought of any difficulty In the offing. My relief from the previous arising in the matter of reservation in the post, however, took an unduly long time and Circuit Houses because of my previous posting It was only on the afternoon of 14th May, as Deputy Secretary in the General Adminis­ 1969, that I was allowed to hand over charge tration Department. and rush to New Delhi to attend the first Confer~nce of Superintendents of Census 4. The phoenix system regulated the growth Opera~lOns, commencing on 16-5-1969. The of Census Organisation up to the 1961 Census. del~y. In my relief, which was primarily due to When my predecessor, Shri G. Jagathpathi, polItIcal uncertainty during the period in joined on 204-59. he was the only member of 2

the Census Office in the State I And the only But for this anticipatory action. the present additions up to June, 1959, were one Steno­ office building might have been lost because grapher. one U.D.C .• one L.D.C. and three the staff of the Geological Survey of India Peons. I was very much fortunate in that the Later on agitated against shifting of their introduction of the nucleus set-up from 1-3-66 office to a bigger building on Shamla Hills on had left a staff of 49 employees, including 2 the ground that the climb was too steep for the Deputy Directors of Census Operations, all of employees coming on bikes. whom had experience of the 1961 Census and were thus of great help. The complete list 5. The shifting of the office premises to of employees may be seen in Appendix II. The office was thus in running order, although the present building in fact gave me an the building (Eros Building, New Market, opportUI,lity to plan the office from scratch. T. T. Nagar) in which it -was located was far Second floor was added last year (April, 1971) from satisfactory. Apart from inadequate in order to keep nearly half of the sanctioned floor space (2833 sq. ft. as against requirement staff of the Regional Tabulation Office, Bhopal, of 3840 sq ft.), the din and noise from the in the main office building. Even after the nearby vegetable market made working condi­ . Regional .T~bulation Offices are wound u~J tJ:te tions not at all conducive to the type of work entire butld10g (7700 ·sq. ft.) would remam 10 that has to be carried out in the Census Office. possession and would, therefore. be adequate It was not a case of wrong selection initially; for the staff that would remain in position the vegetable market, in its expanded form, and during the inter-Censal period. up to 1979. In other buildings in tlie New Market came up other words, I do not foresee a further shifting after the office was shifted from "A" Block of of the office to any other building till the the" Old Secretariat Buildings in November, Census Organisation constructs or buys a 1962. Further, inadeqqate construction activity building, or the required floor space becomes in the private sector did not give much of a available in the Heads of the Department's choice. nor was any inkling available at the Complex of the State Government for which efforts are on. relevant ti~ that a more or less permanent Census office would continue to function throughout the inter-Censal period. Subsequent 6. The backlog of the 1961 Census work was developments made the office building highly not such as to' hamper preparations for the unsuitable and what finally clinched the 1971 Census. Correspondence no doubt con­ decision in favour of abandonment of the Eros tinued with a few printing presses and building for the more spacious Rinwa build­ authors, but it was of a routine nature and ing in Professor Colony (a residential locality mostly handled by the Deputy Director by the side of the Lake) was the Wet monsoon incharge Administration. It is difficult to of 1969. Most of the rooms of the first floor assess at present (early 1972) the arrears of 1971 were leaking badly and I vividly remember Census work that may have to be tackled by the day when I was not allowed to enter my my successor in 1978-79; my efforts would room by the Peon-reason, no dry spot to put no doubt be to leave a dean slate for him. the table of 5t ft. x 3t ft. in a room which was The nucleus set-up of 1-3-66 (Appendix II) 276 sq. ft. in size I Fortunately. the Geological with very minor adjustments, in my opinion, Survey of India had vacated the Rinwa should be adequate to ensure completion of building in June, 1969, and we moved in the 1971 Census work much before initial almost immediately without waiting for formal preparations have to be started for the 1981 sanction from tfie Registrar-Genel'al's office. Census. CHAPTER II INITIAL PREPARATORY MEASURES

7. Circular number I of the Registrar­ special Housclist was proposed to be can­ General, India .(App~dix III), which was very vassed in area~ selected on 10 percent exhaustive and extremely valuable, was sample basis. received in the office almost 5 months before I could join the post due to reasons mentioned (c) Individual Slip.-The slip was devised on in Para I. Preliminary action in the light of the pattern of the 1961 individual slip. the suggestions made in the Circular was, there­ However, new questions were added re­ fore, initiated by Shri U. K. Trivedi, Deputy garding place of last residence and to find Director, who was incharge of the office. In out the principal and secondary work. fact, Shri Trivedi was looking after the office Space was also provided to record the right from 1-9-1967 and the first and second name of the village/town in addition to pre-tests were organised by him. Therefore, the location code. Separate space was before saying anything about steps taken by given for entering the household number. me to create Census consciousness in the State, I would like to mention briefly the ground that (d) Household Schedule.-It was in three had been covered already before I joined the parts. Part I was on the 1961 pattern to post. collect data on land tenure systems, size of land holdings and household industries. S. First pre-test.-F.inalisation of Census Part II was also more or less similar to schedules is a long drawn out affair in which the 1961 Population Record in which in­ an effort is made to accommodate views of all formation was to be filled from the indivi­ the data users, as far as possible. Further, dual slip. The only departure was the various schedules are pre-tested in the Part III-Fertilitv Schedule-which was. field to judge their utility. As a part of elaborately designed to record the marital preparatory measures for the 1971 Census and fertility histor,- of currentl;, married Operations, the Registrar-General's office as well as ever married women. Questions. circulated the following .Census schedules in on marital history sought to collect infor­ September, 1967, for the first pre-test which mation on (i) number of times !married. was to be completed before the end of (ii) how many years after marriage did November, 1967:- she start living with her husband, (iii) (a) General Houselist.-It had two parts. duration of effective married life, (iv) age· at widowhood, divorce or separation, etc. Schedule A had 17 columns and w~s Questions on fertility history were design­ designed to collect data on housing condi­ ed with a view to collect complete informa­ tions. Schedule B with 12 columns was tion on all children born, whether dead for manufacturing establishments. or alive, at the time of enumeration. All (b) Special Houselist.-This was also in two the schedules were in the English language parts like the General Houselist. Schedult' and canvassed as such throughout the· country. B in respect of manufacturing establish ments was identical, but schedule .A_ had 26 columns as against 17 columns in the 9. The main objectives of the first pre-test General Houselist. The additional were :- columns were to collect information re­ garding the age of the house in years, the (a) to judge the time that each enumerator source of drinking water, its distance if was likely to take for enumerating, (i) each· not within the house, availability of elec­ person, and (ii) each household, so that tricity and privy, occupation of head of the optimum workload could be determin­ the household, agewise breakup of ed; (b) to assess the urban and rural members of the household, total living differentials in the time taken for canvas­ area in square metres and rent paid. The sing the schedules; (c) to assess the quality- of enumeration by enumerators of differ­ (d) Questions in~luded in the Fertility Sche­ ent level:> of education and different sex; dule were generally not relished. (d) to see if the concepts adoEted in the Census were easily understood by the (e) On an average, the enumerators took .II to 4 minutes to fill in the indipual slip and enumerators and capable of being put 20 to 30 minutes to fill in the house-hold across to the enumerated; (e) to judge the schedule. respome to questions in the Fertility Schedule; (f) to judge the clarity of the (f) Whole-time enumerators were quicker and instructions; (g) to ascertain the utility of may be preferred in the sample areas. specimen individual slips with typical (g) The con~epts were generally understood a,nswers; (h) to judge the suitability of the but there was difficulty in ascertaining the formats; and (i) to find out how far the rural/urban status of the place of birth enumerator is able to post the statements and last residence. and abstracts prescribed correctly and whether the forms are helpful in working (h) There was difficulty in collectinl/: informa­ out the totals correctly. tion about deaths of small c;hildren. 10. The General Houselist and the Indi­ (i) The specimen individual slips with typical vidual Slips were pre-tested in ten villages answers were a great help and in addition and ten urban blocks in October-November, to more such slips, specimens of other 1967, after imparting training to the enumera­ schedules should also be similarly tors in September-October, 1967. The places circulated. .selected for the first pre-test were as under:- (.i) The size and formats of the various sche­ . Rural Urban dules were convenient and suitable. The geometrical designs reduced the errors. One village each in Two blocks each in (k) The statements and abstracts were correct­ Hoshangabad, Sagar Indore, Bhopal and ly filled, although not .daily. Betut Mandsaur, Ratlam, and one Vidisha. Chhatar- block each ,in Sagar (l) Response in the Corporation areas was the pur and Panna Dis­ Cantonment, Baira­ worst. tricts and three garh. Raisen and villages in Sehorc Govindpur~ [HE(I) 12. In fact, the experiences of the first pre­ district. L]. test were discussed threadbare in a 5-day Conference in New Delhi from 23rd January The special Houselist and the Household to 27th January, 1968. As a result of the Schedule which were earmarked for final deliberations in this Conference, the various canvassing only in 10 per cent sample areas, schedules underwent some changes and it was were pre-tested in village Khajuri Sadak of decided to organise a second pre-test before Sehore district and one block of Vallabhnagar the schedules were finalised. The important in Indore City and Ibrahimpura of Bhopal city. changes made in the schedules and instructions were as follows:- II. The pre-test experiences were discussed in two meetings in November, 1967, with the (a) To avoid recording of accidental migra­ personnel engaged in enumeration work and tion, a suggestion was accepted that there in the light of it, the Registrar-General, India, should be a minimum residence of was apprised of the problems faced in the 6 months at a place to be treated as place field in the matter of canvassing of the various of last residence. schedules. The experiences revealed the following:- . (b) It was decided that nationality may be determined on the basis of citizenship and (a) There wa~ inadequate response in the not ethnic origin. urban areas where the people were gene­ (c) The elaborate Fertility Schedule was drop rally argumentative and less co-operative. ped and replaced by a simple Fertility (b) Little time was available for proper publi­ Schedule, but the suggestion to limit it to city. currently married women only was not accepted. The question on age at marriage (c) Responsible members of the household was substituted by age' at effective were usually not available. marriage. s

(d) The format of the Pop~ation .R~rd w~ revised and made ver_x elaborate to co,n­ tain all the information from the indivi­ Four blocks each in different wards of Sehore dual slips. This was done. in order to and Bhopal towns. assist the coding and punching operation, 15. The essential difference in the contents (e) A su~estion to drop the Special Houselist of the schedules and instructions canvassed and" collect the additional data in the during the second pre-test vis-a-vis those of Household Schedule was accepted for the first pre-test, in brief, were as under:- consideration. (a) Houselist.-There was only one format of 13. After. the conclusion of the CQIlference Houselist. The Special Houselist was in January, 1968, held in New Delhi, a series dropped. Three new columns were of meetings and Conferences took place between added to collect information about age the officials of the Registrar-General's office on of the house, whether the household was the one side and the experts, representatives of of S. C./S. T. and whether the house­ various government departments and academic hold cultivated land or not. bodies on the other side. to give further thought to the contents of the four main (b) Establishment Schedule.-The changes schedules, viz., the Houselist, establishment made were very significant. The format schedule, individual slip and the household underwent very many changes and schedule, and the instructions to make entries although the number of columns g<>t in them. As a result of these deliberations, reduced from 12 to 10, provision was made the Special Houselist was dropped and some to collect data on trading and other of its columns were transferred to the House­ establishments in addition to manufactu­ hold Schedule. But a new Family Planning ring establishments. Schedule was added as Part IV in the House­ (c) Individual Slip.-The additional questions hold Schedule. The formats thus finalised related to whether the individual was were circulated in January, 1969, and instTuc­ presently studying in any institution and tions were received to organise the second whether available for additional work. pre-test by March, 1969. The economic questions were recast into two main categories of principal work and 14. Second p~.test.-TIle second pre-test secondary work. Two formats were conducted almoM ] 6 months after the first one, circulated-a small size slip printed on differed in certain essential aspects. Firstly, both sides and a longer slip printed on the various schedules were to be canvassed in one side only. The small size slip was the regional languages throughout the country. to be canvassed in 3 out of 5 villages and In fact, due to delay in translation of the in half of the urban blocks. For schedules and instructions and in getting them recording answer in question relating to printed, the organisation of the pre-test got 'last residence' the instructions stipulated delayed by a month and it could be completed a minimum stay of 3 months as against only by the end of April, 1969, instead. of 6 months decided in the January, 1968, March, ] 969. Secondly, the insUructlOns Conference in New Delhi. visualised that a ] 9-dav enumeration period should be fixed with a- revisional round of S (d) Household Schedule.-Although the days as is done at the time of the main Census. conference at New Delhi_ had decided in Thirdl~, the enumeration personnel was to be favour of an elaborate format for Popula­ the same as was likely to be appointed at the tion Record so as to have all the informa­ time of actual enumeration. In view of this. tion from the individual slips, the idea the coverage at the time of the second pre-test was given up and the columns of the was limited to only 5 villages and 8 urban Population Record did not undergo any blocks, all in Sehore district. The selected change. Part I relating to collection of places were:- data on land tenure systems, size of hold­ ing and household industries was given Rural up. perhaps because an independent agricultural Census was to be conducted (field work is presently on-March, 1972) Chhaoni Ahmedpur, Sankal, Mungalia Hat. and was substituted. as Part II, by a Tarasewoniya and Parwalia Saclak. Housing Schedule designed to collect 6

information about type of, structure. age second pre-test were in no way different from of the house. number of rooms, owned or what they were at the time of the first pre-test. rented, rent paid, drinking water supply If anything, it only confirm~d the eru::lier arrangements, availability of electricity doubts about proper response to quesuons and privy _and type of fuel used. Initiallv included in the Fertility Schedule and impati­ the idea was to collect this data in ten ence of the respondents, when more or less percent sample areas only in the form identical questions were PUt wh.-ile filling the of a Special Houselist which was dropped ,Houselist and Part II, of the Household before the second pre-test. Part III schedule. The new Family Planning Sche" Fertility Schedule was simplified to a very dule also did not evoke favourable response. large extent, although it was still to be Urban areas again consumed more time in the canvassed among ever married women. matter of filling of the schedules which varied The questions sought to collect data on from 2 to 4 minutes for the individual slip and present age, age at marriage, age of the 20 to 30 minutes for the Household Schedule. husband at the time of marriage, edu­ Correct information was not forthcoming cational level, religion, main activity regarding rent paid (Question No. 5 in Part II of self as. also of the husband. number of of the Household Schedule), nor was object of children born, both dead as well as alive. Question 19 of the individual slip [Available ancl. details in respect of the last child for additional work? If }'~" state period born. A new Family Planning Schedule (months)] understood either by t1;le enumerators was added as Part IV which was to be or the respondents. The instructions re~rd­ canvassed among one currently married ing issue of degree holders cards and recordmg male of the age 35 years or below in each of synonym or generic names of Schedulc:d household. Instructions visualised that Castes/Scheduled Tribes created confusion 10 where there was only one currently the field and it was felt that clear-cut instruc­ married male above the age of 35, then tions were necessary. Recording of answers on the schedule should be filled for him individual slips printed on both the sidell was irrespective of.his age. And if there were found to be inconvenient. more than one currently married male below the age of 35 years in a household, then the schedule should be filled only in respect of the youngest available 17. The report on the conduct of the member at the time of visit of the second Pre-test was sent on 3-5-1969 and at enumerator. As this Household Schedule this stage of initial preparations for the 1971 was proposed to be canvassed in 10 per Census, I entered to take charge of my post cent sample areas only at the time of the as Superintendent of Census Operations on the main Census. it was canvassed in only 3 afternoon of 14th May, 1969. With only a villages and half of the u:rban blocks at hurried glanCe at the report and with little or the time of the pre-test. no background of Census work, I left for New Delhi the next day to attend the first Confer~nce 16. Public response to the vilrious schedules of Superintendents of Census OperatIOns and experiences of the enumerators during the convened from 16th to 21st May, 1969. CHAPTER III FIRST CENSUS CONFERENCE, MAY, 1969

18. 1 left on the afternoon of 15th May, tion on total blindness and total deafness 1969, to ahend the Conference with a feeling was also decided to be collected in the of diffidCUlce born out of the fact that my remarks column. - Census background was almost zero. Although my selection to the post of Superintendent of (b) Establishment Schedule.-A revised format Census Operations was made known on 2-1-69 was circulated at the beginning of the Con­ (perhaps a New Year gift), my relief took an ference which was found suitable. The unduly long time for reasons mentioned in columns were so rearranged that the first para I and during the intervening period 5 columns were common and applicable there was little time to acquaint myself with tq all the establishments; the remaining 6 the earlier Administration Reports and the columns were split into three parts to instructions in connection with the 1971 Census reoord manufacturing, trading and other due to the fact that there were two changes in establishments. the composition of the State Government in March, 1969. The desk t~at I was occupying (c) Individual Slip.-The onl·y question perforce got busy with processing of various dropped on grounds of inadequate proposals for transfer of Officers and allied response was number 19 which was matters. I could not take any active part in designed to collect data on under-employ­ the deliberations of the Conference and was a ment. All the other questions canvassed silent listener to. the various proposals that at the time of the Second pre-test were were made by my collegues from other States retained. to streamline the instructions for filling the (d) Household Schedule.-The Registrar­ various schedules. All the. same the oppor­ General informed at the very outset about tunity to participate in the Conference was very welcome as it enabled me to come to the decision to drop Part IV Family' grip with the various stages of Census Opera­ Planning Schedule due to inadequate response. Still the deliberations on the tions and made me aware of the care that had to be exercised while drafting instructions for contents of this Schedule continued for over 3 hours and at the end of it the only the field officers to avoid confusion. . modifications accepted from the second 19. The Conference, which was inaugurated pre-test position related to limiting by the then Union Home Mini,ster. Shri Y. B. canvassing of the Fertility Schedule to Chavan, was convened primarily to finalise­ cl!rrently mar;ied women only and drop. (i) the format and contents of the various pmg of questIons on number of children schedules which were to be canvassed in the born and description of work of the husband. field and (ii) the instructions to record answers to the questions included in the various 20. The visit of Mr. Pitambar Pant, schedules. From this standpoint, the Confe­ Member of the Planning Commission, who rence was not an unqualified success. Doubts addressed the Conference on 19-5-69 finally were raised about utility of certain questions turned OUt to be. a blessing in disguise. After and the defective data that would be forth­ having a cursory look at the contents of the coming if these were canvassed during the various schedules finalised for canvassing in the five-day deliberations. But at the end of the field, he observed in the course of his address Conference, the main schedules emerged more that Census should provide a frame on dem~ or less \lPscathed and the decision to canvass gTaphic and economic characteristics of the Household Schedule on ten per cent area population and leave questions of intricate sample basis was not changed. The schedules nature to specialised agencies for conducting as they emerged were as follows: sample surveys. Referring to some of the columns in the Houselist and the Household (a) Houselist.-Despite doubtful utility. the Schedule, e.g~, material of floor, age of the questions on age of the house and mate­ Census house, etc., he felt that these were not rial of the floor were retained. Informa- within the purview of the Census. He a18(' 8 felt that the schedule on household amenities level will be ascertained instead of put­ and family planning, etc., miKht detract the. ting !:Q_e onus on the enumerator to dis­ Census data of reliability and accuracy, apart tinguish the general and technical educa.­ from time and money spent on them. He tion .levels. made a plea for collection of· data on universal basis and opined against area sampling. . The (ii) Two questions on age at marriage and Registrar-General, while thanking Shri Pitambar current fertility of currently married pant for his guidance, assured that the points women will be included. raised by him would be considered at length. (iii) Every person (worker as well as non­ worker) will be c'ategorised with respect 21. A high-level meeting under the Chair­ to the main activity as reported by him. manship of late Dr. D. R. Gadgil, Deputy Persons who are basically students, house­ Chairman of the Planning Commission, waa workers and rent receivers. etc., will be 'teJd on 24th May, 1969, and the deliberations classified accordiJlgly for their main of this august body resulted in very significant activity. .Any ga.inful activity that these chi\llges in the contents of the various sc;;hedules. individuals may have, but not on the The guiding theme in this meeting was to resist scale of full-time workers, will be shown th'" pressure of data-users to make large under secondary work. . demands on rhe Census for collection of infor­ mation purporting to meet their req,uirements (iv) Census may not provide data on under­ which was likely to lead to deterioratIon in the employment or un-employment as such. quality of basic demographic information produced by the 'Census. The discussions 22. The Registrar-General was himself dis­ resulted in the following changes: tressed at the waste of time and effort in discussing the elaborate flousehold Form Houselist: which was finally given up altogether. In his demi-official letter number 9/3/ 69-CTU, dated (i) Simple housing data similar to 1961 CensllS 24th May, 1969, he summarised the position·· should be colleeted. thus : (ii) Columns relating to age of the 'Census house and material of floor be deleted. "I make haste to write to you to keep you informed of certain basic changes 1n the (iii) Data on physically handicapped need not questionnaires and the procedures for the - be collected in the remarlts column. 1971 Census which were decided upon after a full discussion with the Planning Household Form: CoIIl!JIlission on the 24th May 1969 presided over by the Deputy Chairman., (i) Information on housing amenities such as . Dt. D. R. Gadgil. I am happy that the water supply, electri~ity, privy, etc., are decisions arrived at take off much of the not considered very relevant for rural load on the 1971 Census and operationally areas; for urban area such infon;nation ma~ more convenient. The following may be obtained by t4e interested orga­ are the main changes decided upon: nisations from the records of the loCal bodies. Therefore, the h,ou$ing ameni­ ties block of the Household Form be (i) The items below originally proposed to dropped. be collected through the Housetists ~il1 be given up: (ii) The comprehensive Fertility Schedule will not be canvassed. Two Jtems of informa­ (a) Age of the Census House, tion, viz., on age at marriage and on (b) Material of Floor,- current fertility of currently married (c) Reasons for vacancy. and . women will be obtained .in the individual slip. (d) Infonnation on Deaf and Dumb. (ii) The questionnaire on household amenities lndividual Slip: proposed through the Househpld Form (i) Questions on mitio'lality (Questio!l No.9) need not be canvasSed. These items of and under-empluyment (QuestIon No. infonnati~n . which mav be largely '19) will be dropped. Against questiOll meaningful for. urban . areas will be number 14 only the highest educatioJial collected by . the National Building. 9

Organisation directly from the municipal ourselves of much of the time we spent , or . other local administrative bodies. on discussing certain items as sampling procedures and a few concepts which are . (iii) Information on total fertility need not be now rendered .superftuous. However, I collected and it may be adequate to have was very happy at the very d~tailed, well­ information on current fertility only informed and useful diSCUSSIon we have whiCh ~an be had by adding a couple of had atthe Census Conference which help­ simple questions to the individual Slip ed all of us to appreciate fully the in­ itself to be asked of the currently married tricacies of the Census procedures. The females. These questions will be : present decisions communicated in this (a) Age ~t marriage,_and letter are undoubtedly welcome and will make for more convenient census-taking. (b) If any live birth in the last one ye~r. The vexed and somewhat difficult pro­ blem of sampling at enumeration stage (iv) The decisions at (ii) and (iii) above render and the recruitment and training of a it unnecessary to have any separate separate set of enumerators is. now . sample area enumeration. However, the obviated. We shall have only umfonn Population Record may be filled in training for al~ enumerato~. The. filli!lg 9ample areas. The sampling design for in of PopulatIOn Record 10 certam vIll­ this will be simpler and the whole ages selected for the purpose would hardly villages may be taken fpr .this purpose. call for any specia~.!sed training. You The Population RecoI"!l .will be useful will be informed in due course how these for generating tables on composition of village!! are to be selected, probably on households and it will also serve as a use­ the basis of stratification of villages bv ful frame for post enumera tion check or population size. All that would 'appear other types of surveys. necessary is to issue the Population Re­ (v) Since the definition of work at the 1961 cord books with a short covering note of Census as also perhaps the one proposed instructions to the enumerators census­ for the 1971 Census led to a large section ing those villages to say that they have of housewives and students, etc., being to copy out certain particulars of the treated on par with wholetime workers Individual Slip on. to the Population Re­ even though their contribution to econo­ cord at the end of each day. It may mic activity was marg-inal, it was felt now be possible to have a uniform size necessary that the 1971 concept should of the enumerator's block throughout the distinguish them from £Ull-time. workers country, each covering a population of and their economic activity should be 750 on the average. Small villages that brought under the category of secondary are remote even if they are smaller popu­ lation size may have to be in charge of work only and for their m~in activity they should be treated as housewives or separate enumerators. students, as the case may be. I shall be sending you soon the final schedules (vi) Consequent on the decision at (v) the as revised. You will have to work out questIon '1£ studying now' in the Indivi­ the translated versions and keep them dual Slip becomes superfluous. ready. As far as the HouseHst is con­ cerned I presume that you would have (vii) The Individual Slip win .be funher simpli­ heard from Shri Ballal to provide the fied by: translations in regional Janguages to fit (a) excluding the question on 'Nationality'; into the spacing of the revised heading and columns. (b) recording only one educational level If you have any questions on any of the pohits instead of treating general and in this letter you may please write to technical separately, the technical me." educational level being giveI! pre­ ference where both are consadered 23. The schedules finally adopted were-(i) equivalent. Houselist, (ii) Establishment Schedule, (iii) In­ dividual Slip, and (iv) Population record. The My only regret is that these decisions were concept of ten per cent area sample was given not taken earlier than the date of our up and it was decided to confine sampling to Census Conference. We would have saved tabulation only. The Primary census Abstract 10 was to be prepared on 100 per cent count but to be issued in respe~t of a few Circulim. The other tables were to be based on 20 per cent first circular, giving in brief the whole scheme urban and 10 per cent rural sample. The of Census Operations, was issued on the 10th schedules as finally adopted were a definite August, 1969, and was followed up with two improvement and operationally capa~le of e~ier very important circulars regarding preparation canvassing. The formats and the lDstruchons of the General yillage Registers and Charge tofill these schedules are at Appendix XL. Registers and building ,numbering' in urban areas on 10-9-69 and 17-11-69, respectively. 24. On my return from the Conference, I got busy with the earlier Administration Reports 26. The practice followed for drafting of of Madhya Pradesh and a few other States to the Circulars was to entrust initial writing have the benefit of experience of my predecessors. work to a Deputy Director in case I decided This was considered necessary before embark.­ against drafting it myself. Out of a total of ing on the difficult task of creating Census 12 main Circulars, initial draft, was prepared consciousness in the State with a view to by me of five Circulars (numbers 1, 4, 5, 9 and organise an accurate count. 11) ; Shri K. C. Dubey. who had experience of 1961 Census" did the first draft of four Circu­ 25. Census Consrnoumess-issue of circuIars.­ lars (numbers 2, 6, 7 and 10); Shri U. K. As Census Operations are carried OUJt in the Trivedi was assigned 2 Circulars (numbers 3 field with the assistance of the existing Govern­ and 12) and Shri B. B.' Shrivastava made the ment machinerv at the district, tahsil and initial draft of Circular number 8. Mter the village level, the task of creating Census initial draft was ready, a meeting was held in consciousness is initially limited to the official my room in which besides Sarvashri U. K. functionaries only. For this the practice of Trivedi and K. C. Dubey, the other constant issuing circulars on different items was consi­ invitees were Sarvashri N. C. Ghosh and M. L. dered best as was the experience of my Sharma, Tabulation Officers, both of whom predecessor, Shri G. Jagathpathi. I entirely had experience of the 1961 Census. Shri B; B. agree with the reasons given by him in para 95 Shrivastava attended the meeting in respect of of his Administration Report, page 38. An the Circular _drafted by him only as he was omnibus Manual containing detailed instruc­ stationed at Jabalpur. In the .meeting,. the tions on every phase of the Census Qperations, contents of the CIrcular were dISCUSSed In a requiring little or no amendments, can perhaps free and frank manner and everyone was be drafted and issued only by one who baa encouraged to give his views unhesitatingly. had complete experience of a previous Census. Changes were made in the light of the discus­ And it would be difficult to find an officer with sions with the sole objective of making the this advantage because in the present system contents easy of understanding by the Charge of administration, his seniority is likely to put Officers (Tahsildars/Additional Tahsildars/ him out of the running for the job in view of Naib-Tahsildars) on whom the main b\K'den of the decennial nature of Census taking. In implementing the instructions was to fall. the hundred years history of reguhr and This system worked well because the pooled systematic Census taking in this State, only the knowledge of all the experienced officers was of name of Capt. C. E. Luaro figures in the great value in ensuring that the final contents reports of more than one decennial Census. of each arcular were intelligible and gave He was incharge of Census Operations in sufficient time for implementation. All the Central India (a part of the present large same, certain clarificatory letters had to be State), both in 1901 and 1911. The practice issued as stated in the earlier paragraph. But of issuing instructions piece-meal in the form that is something unavoidable in a mighty of circulars has the desuable advantage of not field operation life the Census because the loading the concerned readers with unnecessary totality of wisdom of one, or a few, can never matter at a given point of time. Further, match that of a larger group. incorporation of clarifications iS8Ued in the light of experience or on the basis of -points 27. While drafting the Circulars. it is very raised by any of the field officer is easier. The essential that sufficient time is given to the actual experience with the system of issuing field 'agency to carry out the instructions subject~wise Circulars bears ample testimony to contained in it. I had the benefit of observa­ the' soundness of the decision to prefer it to an tions of my predecessor in para 96 of his all comprehensive Manual. Despite all the' Administration Report and took care to give care taken at the stage of drafting of the as much time as was possible to comply with Circulars, clarifications and amendments had the instructions. But onCe a time-limit is r~ :.~.'

;,.,. ")j .. ·,i.i.. . i:".:j:

The GogenIor of ~ ...... Dr. SatFa_n Siaha, aaeen.lni... pro_""" of Ce..... work. . from the DiJeetor. Shri A. K. Penbe.

".;.". 11

fixed, it is very essential that its adherence by 29. I could lay hands on only two incomplete all concerned is insisted upon because delay in sets of the 16 main Circulars of the 1961 even one tahsil/district can jeopardise the Census in an unbound state. My predecessor successful conduct of operations in the State. has referred to 16 main Circulars and ·513 In other words, the guiding consideration at subsidiary circulars in para 42, page 16 of·his the time of fixing any time-limit should be "the Administration Report. Reference to the capacity of an average worker and not previous Circulars and instructions is of great of the best. advantage and at times, I felt handicapped due to non-availability of the entire set of 1961 28. A complete list of Circulars, the subject Circulars. main as well as subsidiary. In order matter, time given for implementation, wher­ to save my successor from a similar handicap. ever necessary, and number of copies issued I ani getting ten complete sets bound of all the may be seen at Appendix IV. The position Circula,rs and instructions issued during this in respect of clarifications/amendments, issued Census (see Appendices IV and V). These in respect of certain Circulars may be seen in sets would be available in the office library. Appendix V. CHAPTER IV

CENSUS CALENDAR

30. A time-bound operation like the Census time of the 1961 Census. The calendar had ~equires very careful advance planning regard­ to be issued almost 6 months earlier because mg each phase of the work. An essential the houselisting operations were scheduled for pre-requisite necessary at the stage of planning April-May, 1970, as against September-October, is the ability to judge correctly not only the 1960, during the previous Census. The 1961 capacity of the field agency to carry out the pattern of showing month-wise items of work instructions but also the Census Organisation was adopted and by and large there was no itself to stick to the time-schedule, because departure from the time-table. Only nominal once the whole operation is split up into delay took place regarding despatch of forms month-wise targets of work to be completed, and instruction booklets due to non-receipt of full adherence to the time-table by everyone forms in adequate number in time from the becomes mandatory. State Government Press and instruction book­ lets from the Registrar-General's office. The 31. A calendar of operations was drawn-up following inset table would show whether or and issued on 15-12-69 as against 26-5-60 at the not the time-table was adhered to:-

Prescribed time limit Item of work Reasons for delay, if a ny (1) (2) (3)

January, 1970 (i) Despatch of forms regarding house-listing opera- Issued telegrams to all Collectors , tions to the Districts. to send Census clerks on 3-2-70.

(ii) Building numbering in urban areas (iii) Training of Trainers (iv) Finalisation of circles, blocks for t.ouse-listing (v) Issue of appointment letters to Supervisors and Enumerators for House1isting

February, 1970 (i) Publicity for House1isting (ii) Issue ofinstructions to Enumerators and Supervisors. (iii) Training of House-listing personnel. (iv) Building-numbering in urban areas concludes ••• March,1970 (i) Publicity for House-listing. (ii) Training of House-listing personnel concludes ... (iii) Despatch offorms of Houselist from Collectorate to Tahsils. (iv) Issue of fonns of House1ist & Establishment Schedules by Charge officer to Enumerators.

April, 1970 (i) Publicity for House-listing (ii) Start of houselisting 2nd April.

May, 1970 (i) Intensive checking of House-numbering and Houselisting. (ii) House-numbering and Houselisting concludes 31st May.

June, 1970 (i) Receipt by the Charge officers of completed forms of houselist. (ii) Preparation of duplicate copies of the Houselist by ... the Enumerators- 20th June. 13

(3) (1)

July.l~() llJ 1\.ecelpt by me Collector of comp1etea iorms \rom Charge Officers. ' '

(ii) Receipt by the Director of Census operations of Records were received fl'Olll completed forms of Houselist by 15th July. 31 districts after 15-7-70. Please see Appendix VI. (iii) Finalization of non-cellllus data for Town an& "ilIage Directory.

August, 1970 (i) Preparation of list of prospective Supervisors an"­ Enumeratos for count of individuals. (ii) ScrLltiny of Provisional Charge Register and correction thereof. (iii) Taking out of extracts from form 'E' by t}le Charge Officers.

Septembd. 1970 (i) Despatch of eXtracts from form 'E' by Ch~ Officers for verifying EnumeratoQ' blocks and Super visors' 'circles. (ii) Assessm.ent by the CoU~ors of requirement of enumeration slips and other forms.

October, J970 (i) Finaii$ation of blocks & circles by the Charge Officers & preparation of final charge Registers.

lii\ Final selection Q( Sll.Ve1:1l\s.ocs and RnlJllleratocs. (iii) Requisition by the Collectors of enumeration slipS and other forms.

November,1970 (i) Publicity for Censu.~ enumeration.

{iil Training of Trainers in enumeration--2 classel tC1 be held. (iii) Issue of appointlllent letters to Supervisol'l! and Enumerators.

(iv) Despatch of forms and instruction booklets for fiUing individual slips to districts.

Decembet, 1970 (i) Distribution of io~tru.ction booklets felt aet~ enumeration to Supervisors and Enumerators ill the first week. (ii) Training of Supervisors and Enumerators-~3 c1asses to be .held. , (iii) Preparation of House-list abstracts for the use of Enumerators starts. (iv) Publicity for Census enumeratio~

January, 1971 (i) Despatch of enumeration pads and forms bY Collectors to Charge Officers 1-7 Jan. (ii) Traibing of Supervisors & Enumerators coo­ cludes-3 training classes tn be held.

(iii) Distrihution of pads and forms by the Cha~ Officers to SuperviSors & Enumerators starts 20th January.

(iv) Intensive publicity for Census ellumeration 14

(1) (2) (3)

Februuy, 1971 (i) Distribution of pad~ to enulJ)erlLtors concludes 5th February. (ii) Count ofindividuab 10-28 February .. There was no delay. However, (iii) Count of houseless population-nights of 27th & due to pOstponement of Census 28th February. operations by a' month in view of midterm poll for the March, 1971 (i) Revisional round lst--3rd March . . . . Lok Sabha, what was earmar­ (ii) Submission ofabstracts by Enumerators and Super­ ked for February and March, visors to the Charge Officers--4th March. 1971, was actually .done in (iii) Communication ofprovi,ional population by the March and April, 1971, res- Collectors to the ReRistrar-General, India and tile pectively. ' DirectorofCensus Operations, Madhya Pradesh- 6th March' (iv) Despatch by the Charge Officers of the individual slips pads to the tabulation office-10th March.

32. The Census calendar was very much timely completion of different phases of Census liked by the Collectors. Being very busy, it Operations in their districts. And the was mmally not possible for them to go through knowledge that the Collector o£ the district the contents of each circular in great detail; knew what part of th\! Census work had to be this work had perforce to be entrusted by completed in a particular month prompted them to the District Census Officer who was a the subordinate' functionaries to stick to the dependable Deputy Collector. The calendar time-schedule. enabled the Collectors to keep a finn grip on CHAPTER V TRAINING'SEMINARS

33. To the tribe of generalists, to which 36. The two Deputy Directors, Shri K. c: the Directors of Census Operations generally Dubey and Shri V. K. Trivedi, who had been belong, a little training before eplbarking on deputed to the Training Seminar at .Bangalort:, any new assignment would always ~ _very frankly admitted on return that the subject5 welcome. More so when the new asslgmIient of training and the level of proficiency expected is slightly technical. The conduct of Census ~as on t~e high side. As a consequence of Operations may look simple outwa~dly, _ ~ut It, very httle of what was taught was retained when all is over in the field and one IS setdmg by them. At- the Darjeeling Seminar, the down to report writing, in retrospe(:t it seems Registrar-General himself alluded to thiM that the job of the Director of Census Opera· experience in his opening remarks and observed tions is not all that simple. Viewed from that on return from Bangalore, the concerned this angle, the Training Seminar at Uarjeeling 'teachers' have made an effort to minimise the from September 17 to 25, 19()9, which was a technical content of the lectures as far as new feature of the 1971 Census, was well con· p-ossible and to put across the various theories ceived. The Seminar was for Directors of and concepts in the language of the layman. Census Operations. The Deputy Directon were called earlier at Bangalore (15th to 30th 37. The lectures were on Statistics, Demo­ July, 1969) and the Tabulation Officers went gra,phy, Sampling and Census. With due through the exercise later at Chandigarh (13th respects to those who delivered the lectures on Statistics and Sampling, I frankly confess that to 24th November, 1969). the lectures were a bit too tough for me. Perhaps the fault lies in my educational back· 34. The intention and purpose behind ground. Choice of arts or science subjects organising these Seminars were understandable. had to be made from Class lX in the three But from the standpoint of timing and contents year Higher SecQJldary Course of the Delhi of the lectures, especially on statistics and Board and I had taken Arts subjects. Thus, hampling, my own feeling is that the Training I had bid good bye to Mathematics as early as Seminars, at least for the Directors of Census 1947 and, not being unduly enamoured of the Operations and the Deputy Directors of Census subject, I had never made any effort to retain Operations, should have been organised after what little of Mathematics was taught up to' the field operations were over. Class VIII. To expect that highly qualified officers with real statistical and sampling back· 85. Nodoubt action was started much earlier ground would be able to bring the contents of this time by the Registrar-General's office t.o their lectures down to the level of a true layman get the Directors in position by ~arly 1969, If like me would be to take an unnatural stance' not earlier. And the Deputy Directors of the and highly unfair to them. Add to this the­ inter-Gensal period were continuing. All the earlier mentioned diffiwlty of lack of time for same, after the conclusion of the first Con· _a follow up study to digest what was taught in ference of the Directors in May, 1969, energies the lectures and one can have a full idea of of everyone got directed towa!d~ finalising. all the predicament' of the 'teacher' as }Vell as the­ arrangements for the househstmg operation 'taught'. To my mind, concepts like cohort,­ which was proposed for February, 19'70, and measurable variable, discreet or discontinuous, had to be completed by May, 1970, unless the~e variables, empirical and intuitive probability, were compelling reasons not to follow thiS population value and truth value, sampling­ schedule. In other words, there was little or errors, various fertility rates, etc., have relevance" no time for serious follow up study which, to if at all, at the time of report writing. There­ my mind, was absolutely necessary if one, fore, the timing of Training Seminar should uninitiated in the training subjects like me, was be after the conclusion of the field operations ;: to have lasting benefit from the Seminar. further, the language of the sigma must be' 16

:avoided if generalists like me, with zerO mathe­ waste. The. afternoons were earmarked fot -matical background, are to profit from the discussions on instructions to fill in the nouse­ :training. . list and Establishment Schedule, and other administrative matters. These sessions were 38. But from the foregoing, it w~uld be a very fruitful and greatly helped in removal of mistake to conclude that the entire duration doubts about various Census concepts. .()f the stay at the Training Seminars was . a · CHAPTER VI

STAFF FOR STATE AND DISTRICT OFFICES

39. As obserVed akeady in para 4, I did Administration Report. He had occasion to not have to face the disadvantage of absence judge their ability and had recommended that of a regular Census offiCe when I joined the if they are available for the next Census, then post. The dedMon to have a small Census their services should be obtained. On the office in each State throughout the inter-Censal ministerial side, both Shri p. N. Phadnis and period was already taken and, a nucleus set up Shri K. R. Pagare. whose names were also was sanctioned with effect from 1-3-66 which suggested, were also continuing. In short, was in position (see Appendix II). Further, suitable experienced staff was already in posi· both the Deputy Directors of Census Opera­ tion when I joined and to that extent my tions. Sarvashri U. K. Trivedi and K. C. Dubey. problems were very much less than that of my had e~perience of the ] 961 Census. So also predecessor. Sarvashri N. C. Ghosh and M. L. Sharma, the Tabulation Officers. Names of all the above 40. After I took over on 14-5-69, and up to fOUf officers were actually suggested by my the time of individual enumeration in March, predecessor, Shri G. Jagathpathi, in his 1971,- 'the following posts were sanctioned:-

Designation No. of Date(s) Date(s) posts of of 'Sanction filling ( 1) (2) (3) (4)

1. Dy. Director 4 25-8-69 13-10-69 27-10-69 7-11-69 24-3-70

Dy~ Director 2 13-4-70 24-6-70 12-8-70 Dv. Director 2 2-6-70 19-8-70 2-11-70 2. Assistant Director 4-6-70 27-11-70 3. Office Supdt. 21"7-70 1-4-71 4. Investigator 3-10-70 11-1-71 5. Tabulation Officer (C.P.C.) - .. 2 24-3·70 1-5-70 6. Senior Technical As§tt. (C.P.C.) 4 24-3-70 1-5-70 (2) 9-12-7t- (2) 7' Carlographer 9-9-70 12-10-70 8. Statistical Asstt. (CPC) .. 14 24-3-70 1-5-70 (5) 15-5-70 (2) 2.1-8- 70 (3) 26-8-70 (I) 27-8-70 (1)

9. Assistan t 17-6..70 8-10-70

10. Stenographer 19-9-69 1-3-70

11. Accountant 26-5-70 4-8-70

12. Computor (SRS) 14 21-8-70 20-11-70 (4) 21-11-70 (3) 2-1-71 (7) 18

(1) (2) (3)

Computor (CPC) 47 24-3-70 1-5-70 (11) 25-8-70 (28) 27-8-70 (I) 1'7.-9-70 (I) 5-10-70 (5) 18;11-70 (1)

13. Draftsman 4 9-9-70 3-10-70

14. Upper Dn. Clerk .. 1 17-6-70 1-9-70 Upper Dn. Clerk (CPC) .. 1 24-3-70 25-8-70

15. Lower Dn. Clerk 3 17-6-70 1-9-70 (2) 2-11-70 (1) Lower Dn. Clerk (CPC) .. 24-3-70 25-8-70

16. Asstt. Compiler (CPC) 78 24-3-70 1-5-70 (5)' 25-3-70 (55) 2n-8-70 (3) 27-8-70 (1) 28-8-70 (2) 29-8-70 (1) 1-9-7.0 (4) 2~9-70 (1) 14-9-70 (1) 5-10-70 (5)

17. Asstt. Compiler (KP Os CPC) .. 84 24-3-70 1-9-70 (37) 5-10-70 (8) 6-10-70 (I) 2-11-10 (1) 1-1-71 (3) 5-1-71 (1) 11-2-71 (2) 15-2-71 (1)

18. Sr. Gest. Operator 1 17-6-70 1-9-70

19. Daftari (CPC) 1 24-3-70 1-9-70

20. Peon 4 1-9-70 1-9-70 (2) 3-IO-iO (2) Peon (CPC) 5 24-3-70 1-9-70 (2) 1-10-70 (1) 3-10-70 (2)

21. Gardener 31-10·69 1-11-69

22. Chowkidar for Gohar Mahal .. 9-4-70 9-4-70

41. The problem of deputationists.-In view was the question of payment of house rent in of the unemployment situation and higheI respect of State Government accommodation. scales of pay in the CentPI.l Government, At the time of the 1961 Census, and right up to generally there was no difficulty in the matter February, 1967, the difference between 10 per of recruitment, both from the open market cent of pay and rent actually charged by the and by way of deputation frOIJl the State State Government was ~ing reimbursed by Government. The only snag in obtaining the Central Government. In the absence of services of officers and officials on deputation any agreement of reciprocity between the two 19

Governments the State Government was incidence of which was as under :- actually charging rent under F. R. 45-B, the

Name of the official . Rent as per Rent under F. R. 45-B Difference 10% of pay ------"- ., r---.A.....__---, Before From Bt:fore From 1-5-70 1-5-70 1-5-70 1-5-70 0) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Shri K. ('. Dubey, DD 70.00 145.00 160.00 75.00 90.00 Shri P_ N. Phadnis, HA 57.00 145.00 160.00 BJ.OO 103.00 Shri N' C; Ghosh, TO 59.50 84.00 92.00 24.50 32.50 Shri M. L. Sharma, TO 53.00 71.00 78.00 18.00 25.00 Shri K. R. Pagare, Acctt. 38.20 97.00 107.00 58.80 68.80 Shri O. P. Tiwari, UDC 28.20 50.00 55.00 21.30 26.80 Shri Badri Singh, Daftari 13.00 50.00 55.00 37,1'0 42.00

Some of the above m~ntioned employees my pay and that Charged by the State Govern­ continued to pay rent at the rate of 10 :pet cent memo As a matter of fact. I also got a of their pay only even after 1-3-67 (when the big~er house allotted (of course, as per my concession was withdrawn by the Central entitlement) while I was still holding the Government) and this led to accumulation of State Government job because a change of arrears of Rs. 4816.68 Paise (for class III h?u~ after I had joined in the Census Qrga­ officials only) by July, 1969. All efforts at OlsatlOn would surely have been resisted making the Central Government pay ~e because of the rent tangle I (The rent under difference at least up to July, 1969, havmg F. R. 45-B of the house I was occupying failed I ordered recovery of rent at the rate previously was Rs. 287 p.m. whereas that of the charg~d by the State Government with effect one I am occupying presently is Rs. 589 p.m.). from 1-8-69 from the concerned employees. The problem of house rent in respect of new This at. least stopped further accumulation of deputationists was, therefor€. solved by ensur­ arrears; the previous arrears are being reco~e!ed ing from the beginning that either they were in suitable instalments. I had a premomtlon !iv.ing in private _houses, if posted at Bhopal about this tussle between the two Governments pnor to ~eputation. or by sel~cting persons on the one side and the concerned employees fro~. outSide Bhopal and makmg the whole on the other. Therefore. before joining my POSItion of rent of GQvernment accommodation post. I made it sure that written order~ were very dear beforehand. This stratagem worked issued that the Central Government Wlll pay and I was able to secure the services of the the difference in rent between 10 per cent of following experienced hands on d€1Putation:-

Serial Name Post on which taken Date of No. joining (1) (2) (3) (4)

Sarvashri 1. A. Bhattacharjee .. Stenographer, Head Office. Bhopal 1-3-1970 2. KRJeswani Acctt. H. O. ,Bhopal 4-8-1970 3. VMAwasthi SA. CPC., Bhopal 29-8-1970 4. RS Shukla .. Computor in CPC., Bhopal 17-9-1970 SA in RTO Bilaspur 26-4-1971 5. GNMishra .. Asstt.H.O.,Bhopal . 8-10-1970 6. PR Noria Com)utor H.O.,Bhopal •. 19-11-1970 7' SG Shukla ' .. .. STA, CPC, Bhopal 9-12-1970 8. GLVenna ' .. Do. 9-12-1970 20

(1) (2) (3) (4)

9. NKRathore .. UDe., RTO , Indore 1-1-1971 10. MK Shrivastava IDC.,RTO., Raipur 1-1-1971 II. MDRodhe .. Computor, SRS., Bhopal .. 2-1'''1971 12. RPRaut Do. 2-1-1971 J'l. GKSheikh Do. 2-1-1971 14. jagdish Prasad Do. 2-1-1971 15. NMBhargava Do. 2-1-1971 16. KLjain Do. 2-1-1971 17. MLjain D:>. 2-1-1971 18. MSJamdar SA., RTO.,Bhopal 21-1-1971 19. RK Kulshreshtha TO., SRS.,Bhopal 2-2-1971 20. OP Chaturvedi SA.,RTO.,Rewa 9-2-1971 TO., H.O .. Bhopal 29-5-1971 21. Ramesh Chandra .. SA., RTO.,jabalput 10-2-1971 TO., RTO.,JabaIpur 12-4-1971 22. Subha.h Dafne une., H.O., Bhopal 12-2-1971 23. PN Sachdeva SA., RTO', Gwalior 18-2-1971 24 •. KK Sharma .. Hd. Clerk, RTO, Bilaspur 25-3-1971 2.5. RBL Shrivastava Office Supdt. H.D., Bhopal 1-4-1971 26' SC Dubey LDC., RTO., Indore 1-4-1971 27. KLNagar Rd. Clerk, RTO., Indore 1-4-1971 28. Sj Surve .. SA., RTO., Gwalior 10-4-1971 29' Udaichand TO', RTO.,Bhopal 14-4-1971 SO. RPPal TO., RTO., Indore 14-4-1971 31. RCPetkar Hd' Clerk, RTO., Raipur 16-4-1971 32. SK Kesri SA. RTO., Indore •• 22-4-1971 33. DK Roy Chaudhari TO., RTQ., Bilaspur 23-4-1971 34. DP Agrawal TO., RTO', Raipur 25-4-1971 35. MB Kanaskar TO., RTO., Rewa 1-5-1971 36. BS Bhadoria SA., RTO., Indore 14-5-1971 37. SC Sharma .. SA., CPC., Bhopal 15-5-1971 38. eL Jain De. 15-5-1971 39. KB Shrivastava .. SA., RTO.,jabaIpur 15-5-1971 40. KPSengar SA., RTO., Re\\a 17-5-1971 41. KPPhalke SA.,R'fO., Rewa 17-5-1971 42. RP Sak~ena TO., RTO., Gwalior 24-5-1971 43. DPShukla .. SA., RTO., Raipur 7-6-1971 44. RM Chaubey .. H<:I. Clerk, RTO.,]ahalpur 2b-6.1971 45. RNYadav UDC., RTO., Bilaspur •. 9-7-1971 46. RC Chopra .. Hrl. Clerk, RTO.,Re.va 24-9-1971

42. Coding and Punching Cell.-A very mechanical processing in the Coding and large part of the additional staff sanctioned was Punching Cell. Later on, the work of proces­ for the Coding and Punching Cell. It was an sing of the Degree Holders' Cards on full innovation of the 1971 Census as a result of count basis and very recently the Census the decision to introduce mechanical processing Population Record on 20 per cent basis have in respect of at least a part of schedules to be been earmarked for this unit. The need of canvassed. The Establishment schedules on addit~onal staff for this work was very much full (ount basis, the individual slip on I per there and services of experienced technical cent for both urban /rural and on 20 per ceilt hands on deputation had to be obtained. basis for only urban slips and the Houselists Part of the additional staff was sanctioned for on 20 per cent basis were initially decided for the Sample Registration Scheme dealing with 21 collection of vital statistics and the Habitation additional staff for the main office was only II Atlas Project (See Paras 71 and 73). The under:-

Designation No. of Date of Date of posts ... sanction filling (1) (2) (3) (4)

Asstt. Director of Census OperatiODS, Bhopal 4-6-1970 1-4-1971 Office Superintendent 21-7-1970 1-4-1971

Investigator , .~ 3-10-1970 11-1-1971 Assistant . 1 17-6-1970 8-10-1970 Stenographer 19-9-1969 1-3-1970

Accountant 26-5-1970 4-8-1970 U.D.C. 17-6-1970 1-9-1970 L.D.C. 3 17-6-1970 1-9-1970 (2) 2-11-1970 (1) Sr. GeIIt. Operator 17-6-1970 1-9-1970

Gardener 31-10-1969 1-11-1969 ChOwkidar for Gohar Mahal 9-4-1970 9-4-1970 Peon 1-9-1978 1-9-1970 (2) 3-10-1970 (2)

The above number is by no means very the eight officers whose services had to be large and -the need was very much there in obtained on deputation. The choice of the view of increase in correspondence with the seventh officer (Shri V. V. Bakoray) was district and tahsil authorities. I am deliberately finalised in consultation with me while services not referring here to the Regional Tabulation of the eighth officer (Shri N. K. Bhimte) were Offices which were also established before placed straightaway with the Census Organisa­ individual enumeration in March, 1971. The tion by the State Government. Deputy Directors were posted with only mini­ mum staff necessary to assist in proper o~ani­ 44. The tasks to be performed by the sation of the field operations. A detailed Regional Deputy Directors of Census Opera­ reference to these offices would be made in the tions prior to pr~essing of individual slips Tabulation Report. were likely to be :- 43. Deputy Directon.-In all, eight posts (a) to have full knowled~ of the area falliDg of Deputy Directors of Census Operations were in their jurisdiction. sanctioned for the State in addition to the two (b) to establish ~ very close liasi.oD. with the Deputy D:irectors who were already in position entire government machinery, State all before I had joined; The norm was one well as Central, and civil as well u Deputy Director for an approximate popula­ military. tion of 5 to 6 millioI).. The sanction order was very clearly worded and I was able to (c) to familiarise himself with the instructiOns avoid the unfortunate experience of my for filling the various schedules and to predecessor of realising rather late in the day organise training of the personnel likely that two sanctioned posts had remained unfilled r to be engaged in bis .jurisdiction. My previous posting in the General Adminis­ (d) to ensure complia_nce of instructions con­ tration Department had given me an oppor­ tained in the Census circular~ by the tunity to have first hand knoWledge about the district authorities. dossier of every State Civil Service officer and the State Government was kind enough to It was .felt that for proper discharge of the allow me to have my pick in respect of six of above functions, it would be best to select officers keeping in \liew their h()Jt}e toWn and 45. My predecessor, in para 34 of his Admi­ previous places of postings so that as far as nistration Report, has referred to the question possible headquarter could be fixed at a place of . headquarter of the Deputy Directors which may be either the home-town or where (previously called Deputy Superintendents) and the officer had worked previously and had opined that till end of ~Iay 19·0, they should contacts. Posting to the home-town is not be posted at the State he'adquarters. I respect­ viewed with favour and is even frowned upon fully beg to differ with this view. Apart for normal executive jobs, but for Census work from the fact that the houselisting operation I felt that it would be a distinict advantage itself was schedUiled from April 1970, and without in any way affecting interests of the prior to it training in instructions to fill the government. Therefore, Sarvashri M. Y. Houselist and the Establishment Schedule had Holkar, B. B. Shrivastava and R. C. Saxena to be organised, initial posting to the State were selected for Indore, Jabalpur and Gwalior, headquarter and a transfer after six months or respectively, which are their home towns. so would, have put the officers to avoidable Sarvashri B. P. Jain, B. K. Bhadra and V. V. inconveniences. In addition to jeopardising Bakoray were selected and posted to Raipur, the education of their children, suitable resi_­ Bilaspur and Rewa, respectively, in view of dential accommodation would also have their previous postings in districts falling in presented a formidable problem. The tenure these Revenue Commissioner's divisions. This is for about 2 years only and it is best that only left only Bhopal Division where posting was one place of posting is fixed. done last when services of Shri N. K. Bhimte were placed by the State Government. 46. Whereas my predecessor had no Deputy when he joined (two got into position after Although eight offices could be opened, I almost 8 months), I had two alreaoy in position decided in favour of limiting the number of when I took over. And while he got officers to the Revenue Commissioner's divisions sanction for five additional posts in August, in the State (7) 011 grounds of proper liaison. 1960, (and recruited only three due to mis­ Seven was considered an adequate number by understanding), sanctions this time came in August, 1969, for four posts and in April! my predecessor also and the decision to fix the June, 1970, for another four posts. The headquarter at the Commissioner's divisional dates of joining of the selected officers were as headquarter worked well. under:-

Name Date of Headquarters joining (I) (2) (3)

1. Shri B. B. Shrivastava 13-10-1969 JabaJpur 2. Shri B. P. Jain 27-10-1969 Raipur

3. Shri M. Y. Holkar 7-11-1969 Indore 4. Shri B. K. Bhadra 24-3-1970 Bilaspur

5. Shri R. C. Saxena 24-6-1970 Gwalior 6. Shri V. V. Bakoray 1~-8-1970 Rewa 7. Shri K. K. Shrivastava 19-8-1970 Bhopal a. ShriN. K.Bhimte .• 2-11-1970 Bhopal

Sanction for posts of Deputy Directors were quarters and thereby arrange for better super­ received four months earlier this time and the vision of training and field work right from timing was proper. It enabled me to post the the houselisting operations. OItic~rs straightaway to. the divisional hea~- •

47. Ministerial a.tmce to field, omc:e..­ The staff continued up to !U-5·71 and was The S\ale of staff for the districts, tahsils and gainfully employed. The posts were created urban bodies was also liberal than what it was in the scales of pay of the State Government at the previous Census. The following scale was sancti,oned with effect from 1-11-1969 :- and the Collector of the district was delegated powers to make appointments and to draw Unit Staff sanctioned (1) (2) their salary. The salaries were debited to the Central head "39-Misc. Social and Develop- District .. One·U.D.C. mental Organisations-B·Enumeration". There OneL.D.C. One Peon wele no problems as regards recruitment. The Tahsil OneL.D.C. State Government very kindly agreed to lift the ~1 Bodie.­ ban on recruitment for census work vide Indore OneU.D.C. Three L.D.Cs. I:iome Department's No. 5888J7447JII(A) (3), JabaIput .. OoeU.D.C.. TwoL.D.C,. dated the 8th December, 1969. Actually the GwaIior .. OneU.D.C. method of recruitment was a blessing for the TwoL.D.Cs· Bhopal .. OneU·D.C. State employees and in many Collectorates One L.D.C. promotion to the post of U. D. C. was done Ujjain Raipur 1 after quite a. number of years. Only in a • • One U. D.C. each few districts, the post of either the U. D. C. or BurhanpurSagar J Bilaspur L. D. C. was not filled and the Collectors Ratlam recommended payment of honorarium to the Notz.-One post of L.D.C. each of the district offices-­ Datia, Panna, Damoh, Nanirnhapur, Tilcamgarh. and official to whom Census work was allotted in Seoni was transferred to ~e District offia:s, Raipur, addition to his own duties. Such cases were Durg, Bastar, Bilaspur, Raigarh and SurtuJa due to more work there for 1971 Census. as under:-

S.No. Name of the Name of official with designation In lieu of Period Amount of district honora- rium P.M.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

..u..- RB . I Uijain Shri Nawal Singh Kapoor, Election' .. SlIJTentnl{ post of 1-3-70 Supervisor one .D.C. to 40 31-5-71

2 Dewas Shri .Bansidhar, Flection Supervisor Posts remaining 1-11-69 40 vacant to 20-1-70

3 Mandsal.lr Shri Khan, Election Supervisor Do. l-i 1-69 40 to 30-9-70

4 Raigarh .. Shri K. Sao, Election Supervisor Do. 1-11-69 to 8-1-70

Shri D.L. SwarnaIrar L.D.C., Raigarh Do. 9-1-70 20 to 2-10-70

Shri Bhojraj Singh, L.D,C'J Sarangarh Do. 1-11-69 20 to 4-10-70 24 •

(1) (2) .', .. (3) (4) (5) (6) R.I. Shri Sarjulal Thakur, L.n.C., Tabsil B.ai- Posta remaining 1-11-69 20 garh. . vacant to 5-8-70 Sbri -S.A. Quadri. L.n.C., Gharghora Do. 1-11-69 20 to 31-12-70

Shri T. P. Swarnakar, L.n.C., Dharamjai. Do. 1-11-69 20 garh. . to 7-7-70

Shti K.edarnath Pathak, L.n.C.,lashpur •. Do•. 1-11-69 20 to 23-11.70 NII*.-Sanction for payment of honorarium to all except at S. No. (1) above awaited £tom the R.G.I., New Delhi.

48. In my opinion, the timing of creation continuing the U. D. C. in the district office. up to October, 19·1, to attend to the work of and closure of the clerical posts was, by and disbmsement of honorarium and distribution targe, reasonable.· Perhaps there is a case for of Census medals and certificates. CHAPTER VIl TOUR,lNG

49. Tourin~ is a very formidable rroblem to more or less tulhlled~t,-me two head­ be encountered because of the size 0 the State quarter Deputy Directors (Sarvashri U. K. Largest in area in the country (442,481 sq. Trivedi and K. C. Dubey) and the two Tabula­ kms.), the State boasts of .a district­ tion Officers of 1961 who were continuing Bastar-which j~ bigger than the whole of (Sarvashri No C. Ghosh and M. L. Sharma) Kerala State! My prederessor has referred to were also sent on tours. To sum up, touring inadequate touting during the 1961 Census was adequate in this census. (para 37 of the Administration Report). His main handicap was absence of any deputy for 51. Staff Car.-Initially the office had a over six months after he had joined. Although Willy's Station Wagon as a staff car. It had he has observed in para 115 of his Adminis­ been purchased in connection with the 1961 tration Report that touring could be limited to Census and had come in December, 1959. It repeated visit.s to weak spots only instead of was nearly a decade old. when I joined and covering as wide an area as }>Qssible, he has none could say with certainty the distap,ce it unequivocally a~lti~(:d to indispensability of had already covered because the indicator had Jarge scale tourmg. Fortunately, I had two gone out of order On quite a few occasions and dwuties at the headquarters when I joined its repair was not always prompt. In any and three others joined in October-November, case the distance covered by it was not less 1969. and were posted to Raipur, Indore and than 154348 kms. by the time I came (on the Jabalpur, respectively. In view of this favour­ basis of entries in the Log Book); in fact., I able position, I deCided in favour of covering too covered 11897 kms. in it before the Station as wide an area as was physically possible, both Wagon was replaced by an Ambassador car at the time of houselisting operations as well in February, 1970. Replacement of the as individual enumeration. Even otherwise, Station Wagon was no doubt essential because I am of the view that for ensuring as accurate too ,much money was being spent on repairs a count as is humanly possible there is no and still there was no certainty- that a tour substitute for personal contact with the planned would go through without getting Collectors. On this matter, I am in full agree­ stranded. Petrol consumption wu· also heavy. ment with the observations of Shri A. Mitra, who was Registrar-General at the time of 1961 52. From the point of view of transportation Census and Superintendent of census Opera­ of forms from the Press to the office and from tions in West Bengal in 1951. In his Admi­ the office to the railway station, a Station nistration Report of 1951, he has stated thus Wagon or a jeep may perhaps be more useful. in para 9, page 8. "The success of the Census But tlIen the primary purpose for which the depends to a very great extent on the amount staff car is given is to facilitate touring by the of touring which the Census Superintendent Director of Census Operations and his deputies. can do before tlJe Census is taken ...... In this context, the Ambassador Car was a Only the Statt Superintendent can pull the distinct advantage because it made long, necessary weight with the district officer or continuous tourin~, which is unavoidablt" in a SUb-divisional officer by personal contact and spr.awling State hEe Madhya Pradesh, more make them put forth that extra bit of energy comfortable. and attention which is so necessary for success." 53. There is hardly any internal air service 50. In Appendix VII, the details of touring facility in the State. Up to 17-10-1971, only done by me and by the Deputv Directors of Gwalior and Indore were connected with the Census O?~tatjotls is given. The target was State capital and Delhi. Raipur got OIl the coverage of even' district headquarter by me at air map only from 18-10-1971, and that too for least twice, and every tahsil headquarter in two days 'in a week. The timings were very their jurisdiction at lea~t twice by the concern­ inconvenient, as was the case with departure ed Deputy Director. The. details in the time of the flight from Delhi to Bhopal. In Appendix would show that the objectives were fact; train timings for Gwalior and Delhi were 26 convenient and Indore is best covered by road Government , .. as willing to make available to as the distance is only 117 miles from Bhopal. every Dis~ict Census Officer. Accordingly, In view of all this, the necessity to travel by the State Government issued orders authorising air was felt very rarely, but whenever a request th~ .Collectors to requisition a jeep for the was made, it was promptly approved. ~e DIstrIct Census Officer (Appendix VIII), and facility was availed only on the followmg the Census Organisation met the P. O. L occasions :- charges for the period 16-9-1970 to 15-4-1971. In this way, a jeep became available for purposes of touring in every district. The Date From To monetary limit and the distance to be covered (1) (II) (3) in each month by the District Census Officer in connection with preparations for the Census 15-6-69 Bhopal New Delhi may be seen in Appendix IX. No vehicle was provided to the Charge Superintendents' except 26-9-69* Bagdogra Calcutta dur:ing the revisional ~ound in April, 1971, to 1-11-71 Bhopal Raipur which a reference wlll be made later while discussing sters taken for early. communic'!.tion 2-11-71 Raipur Bhopal of provisiona population figures.

*Return journey from Darjewng after attending the Seminar. 56. The fa.cility of jeep to every District Census Officer had a lighter side also. For quite some time after the State Government 54. I took the Stenographer on tour with had issued orders authorising the Collectors to me only when a meeting was convened away requisition a Government- jeep for the use of the District Census Officer, two Collectors did from Bhopal so tllat the proceedings c~uld be not consider it necessary to avail of the facility. drawn up quickly..:. . Issue of ge~eral. mstruc­ tions from tour without first discussmg the I am not aware whether this was due to lack point raised with colleagues in the head office of realisation of importance of touring for effective supervision of preparatory measures, who have experience of a pre~ious ~ns?s can at times lead to an embarassmg SituatIon of or lack of faith in the ability of the District Census .Officer. Then one of the Collector countermanding your own instr~ctions.. There­ fore- it is best to issue general mstructlons only requisitioned jeep belonging to a Social Wel­ from the headquarters and in this context I fare Organisation and, on demand from it. hardly felt the need of the Stenographer on " asked for hire charges. Fortunately, the tour. I never took the Peon also on tour instructions were very clear from the very because local arrangements were generally made beginning and the proposal was not accepted: by the District Census Officers. The only relaxations_ made in connection with reimbursement of P. O. L. charges were: (a) minor repairs mar. fie carried out within 55. [eep to District Census ~s.-As the total monetary ceding without affecting bulk 0 the touring was done by me m the total touring; and (b) in case the jeep was staff car there was no problem of mobility at requisitioned from a later date, the total the dist;ict headquarter or within the. districL monetary ceiling could be utilised in lesser Quite often the vehicle was made available to period provided the mileage stipulation for the the Regional Deputy Director of Cen~us full periOd is fulfilled during the lesser period. Operations, Bhopal Division. ?f the remam­ One of the Collector gave a very extended ing six Regional Deputy Directors, three meaning to the term "minor repairs" and pur­ toured in their personal cars and the other chased four lyres for the jeep, albeit within th(! three made use of rail or road services for total monetary ceiling! The matter came to inter-district movements in their jurisdiction. notice at the time of scrutiny of the Detailed But for movements at the district headquarter Contingent Bill for counter-signatqre. As the or within the district, the Deputy Directors expenditure on' tyres could not. be ~dmit~.ed, were ;abl~ to avail of the facility of a jeep the Collector has been requested t9' refund the which was proviCled by t~~ district a.uthox:ities. amount in the appropriate ,pead. It is goOd Even I availed of the faClhty of the Jeep when that he has agreed and ~ hope the matter gets tour was performed by rail or air. As. a settled finally before audit' I have referred to matter of fact, the Registrar-General w.as kmd the various instances in 11 'little '(iC;!tail so as to enough to, approve. my proposal' to reImburse forewarn about iikely 'problems -and precau­ P. O. L. charges for a jeep which the State tions that would be necessary. 27

57. Travelling allowance bills did not in the case of lower functionaries of other present any insurmountable problem. The departments, especially teachers. Another State Government was good enough to issue problem cropped up about employees of cer­ orders to the effect that claims should be passed tain public sector undertakings who were called by the respective offices. (Appendix. X), the only for training. The matter was taken up stipulation was that Journeys should be for through the RegistJ:pI·General, India and normal. duties also in addition to Census work. ultimately in all the cases, the tra~elling This condition gets more or less fulfilled in allowance claims were met by the respective the case of officers as well as revenue function­ offices. aries of every level, but is difficult of adherence CHAPTER VIII PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION or SCHEOULES AND INSTRUCTIONS 58. In a massive field operation like the District Census Officers Qf 39 out of H districts. Census in which every individual irrespective The material to the remaining 4 districts was of age, on a pre-determined reference date (it sen t through messengers of the. concerned was sunrise of April 1, 1971, instead of March districts. This decision, despite the warning I, 1971, due to the mid-term elections to the of my predecessor. was taken not to test the Lok Sabha), has to be netted, the problem of efficiency of the railways but to keep down the printing and distribution of various schedules expenditure. Over the years. the cost of and instruction booklets is gigantic in size. transporta tion by road has gone up due to In the 1961 Census, although the houselist various factors like price of diesel. replacement fonns, the household schedules and the enume­ of parts, etc. The risk could be taken because ration slips in Hindi were printed and made there was no fixity of period for canvassing available by the Registrar-General's office. the the houselist and the establishment schedule. rest of the material had to be arranged locally. The material was despatched 2 ·to 4 weeks in Instruction Booklets for filling in the house­ advance depending on the distance from Bhopal. list and the individual slips were no doubt made Fortunately, the risk paid and not a single available by the Registrar-General. but in instance of non-receipt of material or very late English only. In other words. translation into receipt of material was reported by any District the regional language and printing of the Census Officer. bC::Jklets had W be arranged by every State. In addition. the related forms like Houselist Abstract. Enumerators' Abstract etc.. had also 60. But the problem of large scale despatch to be printed locally. Fortunately. the Hindi of material is in reality faced only at the time speaking States were spared this time from of individual enumeration. In view of the the strain of printing locally various schedules happy experience of despatches by rail earlier. and instruction booklets. Except the Abridged the same means of transportation was again Houselist forms (the inclusion of this form was used but with this difference that a special decided very late-see para. 119). everything messenger always accompanied the consignment was printed centrally for the Hindi·speaking and the material. packed district-wise. was sent States and this was a great help. But timely to the Regional Deputy Director of Census distribution of the various forms and booklets Operations who was generally informed in continued to be a formidable problem because advance of the probable date of despatch from of the size of the State. the head office. To overcome problem of storage over long period in the Regional 59. Despatch of material -raU vs. road.­ Offices, the system worked out was that on the My predecessor has referred to the aspect of basis of date of despatch communicated by the packing and despatch in . paras 4243 of his head office, the Regional Deputy Director used Administration Report. The houselist fonus to infonn the District Census Officers to send were despatched to 22 districts in one truck and the Census clerk for receipt of material. At for despatch of material pertaining to indi­ times, the head office also sent direct intima­ vidual enumeration. 12 trucks were engaged to tion to the District Census Officers· to send the cover 39 districts. Although there is no Census clerk to the office of the Deputy Direc­ specific indication, it can be safely presumed tor for receipt of the materiaL In this way that material to the remaining districts must further transportation from the Regional have been sent through special messengers or Offices to the districts was also arranged through by rail. A word of caution is also there to special messengers. Possibility of loss of the effect that "never depend on the railways packages in transit was thus greatly reduced. tor the simultaneous despatch of large quanti­ ties of material". All the same, for the house­ 61. The despatch arrangements discussed listing operation, the requisite schedules and in the earlier paragraph were in respect of torms were sent by rail parcel directly to the material received from the Registrar-General's office. But two items were to come fr.om other principle of full truck load, as intimated to us. places-the Census Population Record pads was kept in view and clubbing of requirements from Aligarh and Individual Slip'. pads from of districts was done accordingly. But despite Nasik. '. These two forms constitute the largest·' the precautions we took, and what must have item of 'supply to the field offices and in order been taken at the Press end, a litde mix up to (i) miniinise the cost of transportation, and did take place necessitating adjustment of pads (ii) to save the head office of the botheration of 100 and 25 individual slips among different of packing and despatch, district-wise require­ centres. Of course, there was no duplication ments of these forms were first' worked out and of transport expenditure, except to a very small then totalled to find OUt the requirements. of extent between Indore and Bhopal (an enqU!iry each Regional Office. The figures were then for fixation of responsibility is in progress). communicated to the Press with a request to and in the final analysis economy in expendi­ despatch the quantity indicated direct to the ture was effected by arranging for direct Regional Office. Packages of Census Popula­ despatches from the Press to the four centres. tion Record pads were sent by rail from From Nasik, Jab,alpur, Raipur and Indore Aligarh and the whole operation was super­ were on direct routes and the distances were vi~d by the Assistant Director of Census much less than to Bhopal and then to the Operations, Shri N. C; Ghosh. The Nasik regional offices. The despatch mix up' actually Press unfortunately expressed its inability to took place because pads of 25 slips were sent arrange for direct despatch ~o all the seven almost in full to Indore (a small quantity was centres where the Regional Offices were located. . Sent to Jabalpur) instead of to all the four It agreed for four centres-Indore, Raipur, centres as was indicated. The following table Jabalpur and Bhopal. Accordingly, despatch would make the position clear. instructions for four centres were sent. The

Centre Quantity to be sent . Quantity received Excess/Shortage "'"\ r ,.... Pads of Pads pf Pads of Pads of Pads of Pads of 100 25 100 25 100 25

Bhopal 56,550 22,620 89,800 +33,250 -22,620 Indore 1,36,220 54,475 93,600 1,70,000 -42,620 +1,15,525 Jabalpur 1,43,770 57,520 1,43,000 26,000 -770 -31,520

Raipur 1,34,805 53,::125 1,39,675 +4,870 -53,925

62. A few suggestions.-It should be I am sttill not sure whether any £ooJrproo( possible to arrange' for direct. despatches to the system can be evolved to eliminate last minute Regional Offices from Delhi also. ,In fa~t, demands. As the various forms were prInted instruction booklets and enumerators dalliy centrally this time, the method of calculating posting statements were received directly fr?ID requirements of various forms was communicat­ the Registrar-General's office by the Gwahor ed by the Registrar-General in February, 1969. Regional Qffice (Gwalior was enroute from as under:- Delhi to Bhopal). I made the request in November, ] 970, when it was perhaps late to (a) Individual Slip.-It has been based on agree as contracts for transportation ~ay have projected population estimates which been finalised. At the next Census, It would have been further increased by 10 per cent be best to work out requirements from the to cover wastage and emergency require­ ver" beginning according to areas falling in the ments. jurisdiction of proposed Regional Offices and (b) Houselist Forms.-Total estimated to ensure direc~ despatches from the Press. This would greatly reduce avoidable work in population has been divided by 5 to get estimated number of Households. 1961 the head office. Census houses used as non-dwellings and vacant has been inflated by 25 per cent 63. Calculation of requirements of forms and added to estimated number of house­ and booklets is a very complex exercise and holds to give total number of entries for 30

houselisting. Total number of entries have divided by 5 (average size of a_ household). been divided by 40 (Number of lines) to This figure has been inHated by 10 per get estimated number of forms which has cent to cover wastage and for meeting been inflated by 10 per cent to cover wastage and emergency requirements. In emergency requirements. order to safeguard against blank entries in some forms, this estimate has been enhanced by number of enumerators. 64. Shortage and additional demands.-The As 1:Iouselist Forms are to be prepared estimated requirements communicated by the in duplicate, estimate thus worked out Registrar-General were no doubt confirmed but have been doubled. this was due to inexperience i,n the methodology of Census taking as a result of which no flaw (c) Establishment Schedule.-We have provid­ could be detected in the calculations. In the , ed four fonns per enumerator as we light of the experience gained, I am briefly require two copies _of this schedule. mentioning below the reasons that led to addi­ According to estimated number of entries tional demands in respect of certain forms at number of forms requi,red for one copy a later stage, which must have been very come to less than 1 form per enumerator frustrating to Shri K. K> Chakravorty, Central but to cover cases of business and indus· Tabulation Officer in Registrar-General's office, trial c~ntres, two forms per enumerator who was responsible for ensuring adequate have been provided which will be isSued supply of forms _and booklets to every State:- to each enumerator at the first instance and more forms will be issued to such enumerators who actually-require more (a) Individual Slip Pads.-On the basis of a forms .. projected population of 46 milliop, and keeping in view likely wastage, the (d) Instruction Books for Individual Slip.-It Registrar-General intimated in March, is based on total estimated number of 1970, that a requisition has been sent to enumerators and supervisors. Number of the Chief Controller of Printing· and enumerators has been worked out by divi­ Stationery to supply the following quanti­ ding Rural estimated population by 750 ty to us"471345 pads of 100 slips and 188540 and Urban estiII!ated population by 500 to pa_ds of 25 slips. A confirmation was which number of supervisors has been desired which was promptly sent as the added hy taking one supervisor for 5 total number of slips worked out to enumerators. This estimate has further slightly over 51.8 millions as against a been enhanced bi' 25 per cent to cover projected population of 46 millions. With standby enumerators, supervisors and over 5 _million slips in excess one should other Census officers. normally feel secure but additional (e) Instruction Books for Houselisting.-This demands were received from the districts is also based on total estimated enumera­ and requisitions sent to the Registrar­ tors and supervisors. Roughly 200 entries General who did meet our last minute· have been taken per enumerator for demands to an appreciable extent. The Houselisting and one supervisor for explanation for this situation lies in the requirement to keep record of every block five enumerators. Estimates thus alTived separate. The cumulative wastage by way at have been enhanced by 25 per cent to of unutilised slips in the pads of each cover other cesus officers. block is very much larger than the es#­ (I) Estimated requirement of Enumerator's mated ten pef cent for which provision Posting Statement.-Estimated male and is actually made. The number of hamlets, each of which was a separate feniale pop-ulation has been divided by block, is very large in our State, at least in 40 (No. of lines) to get number of P?sting the districts of Chhattisgarh, necessitating statements which has been further mflat­ pads of 25 slips in much l~ quantity. ed by 10 per cent to cover wastage. In fact, in some cases permIssion had to (g) Enumerator's Abstlract.-This is equiva­ be given to c~)flvert pads of 100 slips into lent to Instructions to Enumerators. pads of 25 slIps. The _only precaution to be taken was to place a cyclostyled or· (h) Census Population R~cord.-Total estima~ typed cover on top of each pad with ted population for 1971 Census has been necessary detafls. 31

(b) Enumerato1Ts Daily posting Statement.­ prompt and in the end more forms were' s!lPplied than could be actually used. Initial supply of 5,90,000 male and 5,60,000 female forms was ~ade o,!l. the (d) Census Population Record.-This form basis of projected populiltlon dlvlded was bound in pads of 50 and 25 and gave by 40. ' As there were 48 lines on each form, about 20 per cent wastage was the greatest headache. The require­ ments were calculated on the seemingly appan:ntly taken into Un!or­ accou~t: inno..:ent formula of projected popula­ tunately the number of unutllI~~ h~es tion divided by 5 which is generally taken. remained much larger. AntICIpatIng as the -size of a houseliold. The antici· this situation, a frantic demand of one pation went awry on two counts-(i) lac additional forms, ma;l,e as well ~ tairly high proportion of large·sized female, was sent. It ~as pretty late and familie-s, especially in rural areas (one all we got was additional supply of 40,000 form could record details of eight mem­ male foms and 20,000 female forms. bers of a household); and (ii) sizeable' Theoretically, the total supply was number of single member households, enough for a pOPlllation of 58 millio~ especially in ~rban areas cqmprising of apd even if twenty per cent wastage IS de~ence estabhshments and project tOWIl­ accounted for, the available lines were shIps. After making an additional more than the final population by supply of 2,000 pads of 50 fonus and nearly 4.5 million. Now the figure of 1,000 pads of 25 forms, the Registrar­ 4.5 million, if considered in isolation General il!~h~ated that further supply may appear more than adeq.u~te ~ut it was. not pos-sible. To meet the shortage actually means that an addItIOnal was­ avaIlable red forms were sent with tage of roughly 8 per cent could result instructions to use it after affixing the in a crisis. Here I may clarify that by stamp "Actual Enumeration-March wastage I mean lines remaining unutilis­ 1971". Still demands continued to pou; ed in a form. In a (orm having 4B and therefore instructions were issued to lines, non·utilisation of aV'ailable lines cyclostyle, or print lqcally, or even use to the extent of about 30 per cent would blank paper after drawing the requisite­ mean that 14 lines remain blank or un­ columns. used. In our Stat~ ,the percentage of number of villages in the population ranges 0-99. 100-199 -and 200~299 is 11.76, 65. While discussing the reasons that led t() 16.12 and 15.64, respe<_:,~ively. The form shortage of individual slip pads enumerator's is separate for males and females, and as daily posting statements, enume;ator's abstract per instructions fresh form had to be and the Census population record, I have used used for -every block. Experience t?e term 'wastage' in the context of forms OF shows that greater the percentage of hnes remaining un utilised in view of the units (blocks/vi,Uages) in lower popula­ requirements to keep records of each block tion ranges, larger is 'the proportion of separate. But provision must necessarily be unutilised lines in a form. This factor made for wastage due to mis-handling and never gets reckone

66. In this Census, data has been compiled 67. In Appendix XII the requirement of for every hanilet also and in case the State Enumerator's Daily Posting S~atement forms Government insists, full figures will be on the basis of formula adopted and actual presented in the District Census Handbook{. use as per blqck-wise population has been Even if the population figures of hamlets are worked out in respect of one- tahsil. The given in run on lines, they are still available position confirms the fear that ten per cent for the .purpose of working OUt projected wastage provided for in the initial- calculations populatlOll of every block. What I am trying is on the low side. CHAPTER. IX

. ~ . PROCUREMENT AND PREPARATION OF MAPS

68. Ine general feeling about the' Census ~ Towns shown by circles proportionate Operations is that it is limited to counting of to the population size. The names of heads only. The fault perhaps lies in inade­ towns and actual population to be given quate knowledge and publicity about the with brackets. whole gamut of activities covered at the time of the Census. One of the invaluable contri­ 10. Villages-5,OOO population and over. bution of the Indian Census . is the plethora (N arne of the village to be written). of maps that are produced. n. Other important villages­ 69.' l\'fapping programme.-The 1971 (i) Markets mapping programme as a part of the Census (ii) Mandies Centenary Celebrations is very ambitious (I am 12. Post and Telegraph offices making this observation in the present tense U. T·raveller's Bungalows because ~he schedule for completion of all maps has been fixed at December, 1973, and 14. Railway!J-- printing of the Atlas would start only from (i) Broadgauge January, 1974, and I am contident of shifting (ii) Metergauge to a new assignment earlier). The Census (~ii) Narrowgauge. Atlas will have nearly 200 maps as against 164 . 15. Hospitals/Primary Health Centres/Dis­ prescribed in 1961 (unfortunately the 1961 pensaries, etc. Census Atlas has not yet been published). B-Tahsil maps: Part B of the District Census Handbooks will contain maps of the district and every tahsil I. Tahsil Boundaries with the following details:- 2. Tahsil Headquarters A-District maps: 3. Village boundari~s with location code numbers. 1. District Headquarters' 4. Names of all large villages with a ndni· .2. Tahsil Headquarters mum population of 1,000 as also any 3. District Boundaries other villages of special importance. 4. Tahsil Boundaries 5. Towns.-WhiIe shoW'ing a town on the taluk map, the area covered by the tow. 5. National Highways should be clearly shaded. The shaded area should clearly show which are 6. Other important road&-­ wholly and partly included revenue (i) Metalled villages that fall within the town limil:So. (ii) Unm~talled (Within the shaded area the names of the the 7. State Highways towns and population in brackets to be given). 8. Water features-- 6. National Highways Rivers and Streams, Tank. Natural or 7. State Highways . artificial reservoirs, bunds; embank­ ments canals and distributaries. 8. Other Important Roads 34

9. Water feature&­ 71. Taking cue from the above observation and. the ambitious mapping programme already Rivers and streams, etc. drawn up by the Registrar-General's office, 10. Symbolic representation of villages-below I felt tempted to take up additional mapping 250, 250..:.499, 500-999, 1,000' to 4,999, . wor.k and:, accordingly SUbmitted a proposal for 5,000 and above population. preparation of a Habitation' Atlas for every town and village in the ~tate to th~ Registrar­ ll. Post offices & Telegraph offices ,Genera}' on the 28th April, 1970. He very kindly approved the scheme and readily sanc­ 12. Police Stations tioned posts of one CaJtographer and 4 Drafts­ )3; Traveller Bungalows man. A detailed reference to the scheme ,of Habitation Atlas will be found in paras 103 14:; Railways. and 104. Suitable maps are also being 15. ; Hospitais/Primary Health Centres/ .prepared .for Parts A and C Of the District Dispensaries. etc. Census Handbooks .because, to my mind, any Census publication without lictorial presenta­ Then for each of the sixteen towns taken up tion of statistical data woul give a very drab for urban study, the following maps are to be ,and duJl appearance. prepared:-- . 72. Before embarking on the ambitious (i} Urban Landuse :mapping programme; the complete set of (ii) Public Utility SerVices :ma]muli maps was obtained from the Director of Land Records, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior. (iii} Predominant Ethnic groups The maps prepared at the time of the 1961 (iv) Location of slum areas, 'Census were of very limited use only because (v) Density of buildings by' wards .of the following reasons :- (vi) Average Landuse by' wards (1) Tahsil maps were prepared for only 28 (vii) Densit)' of population by wardsJenumera­ .0Ut of 190 tahsils. , tion blocks (2) The symbols and notations depicted on (viii) Peri-urban area the maps' were finalised locally; this time a uniform pattern has been approved and Part VI-A Town Directory will contain circulated by the Registrar-General. separate land use and :density maps of all the towns in the State. (3) The <;letails prescribed in the maps this 250 time differ from the pattern followed ill 70. The impottance· of maps as a part of the our State in the last Census. Census Operations has been highlighted i~ a U~ N. publicatiQn# also in the foUowmg All the same, th.e 1961 district and tahsil words:- maps, to the extent available, were useful in locating the villages. But the major part of "Whether or not it is advisable to devote subs. the work had to be done de-novo. In view of . tantial amount of time and money in an this experience, necessary precautions are being effort to draw up new maps for Cens~s taken this time to see to it that· the utility of purposes whe~e there are few already l~ the maps remain at the time of the next Census existence can only be decided on the baSIS in 1981 and the ~ffort made in initial spade­ of national circumstances. In considet­ work on this occaSion is 'saved to a very large ing thlis problem, however, it should ~e extent. remembered that good maps are essentIal to many other phases of government 73. I am not aware of the instructions for administration in addition to Census staff recruitment for preparation of maps at '. work, so' that m~p$ preparfd for Census the time of the 1961 Cehslls, nor is the office purposes may prove useful in many other able to enlighten me on thi$ point. But the ways.". ,.' , .. factual position was that" initially Shri V. Mohan, who was a Junior Investigator,. alone ·United Nations: HandbOok of Population

ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS FOR ENUMERATION AND PRESENTATION OF CENSUS DATA~RECOGNITION OF TOWNS-LOCATION cODE _

75. The two broad divisions for presenta­ (b) the population should be 5000 and above tion of Census data are rural and urban. ~ith 75 .percent of the. adult male popula­ Most of .the ta?les are prepared accordingly tIOn be.mg engaged 1Il non-agricultural but certam baSIC demographic statistics are occupatlons, and . presellted for the smallest unit. It is here that an early decision is required. In Madhya (c) the density of population should be 1000 P!adesh, the tahsil has all along been recog· per sq. mile. msed as the unit for administrative matters in preference to the development block. As a The only additions in definition made in the matter of fact, the post ol the Block Develop­ 1971 Census were to permit recognition of a' ment Officer was abolished in the State on place as a town if it had pronoul).ced urban 31-12·65 and the revival of this post with the characteristics in the opinion Qi the Superin. changed designation of Block Development tendent of Census Operations, and to recognise Assistant from 2-10-69 has yet to take firm places having only notified area or town area roots. Below the tahsil, the village has all c?mmittees as towns irrespective of' population along been the unit of presentation. This SlZe .. time, at the behest of the State Government a decision was taken to compile data separat~ly 77. The. criterion of population. of 1000 per for each hamlet also and to present it below square mile was not enforced in the 1961 the data of the village as a whole. The first Census as well as this time. The reasons are circular of the Registrar-General had made obvious. Even in a less densely populated mention of a distinct location code number State like ours, the requirement can be aeeme~ for larger hamlets and this encouraged me in as fulfilled because what is necessll-ry is popula. agreeing to the suggestion. Even otherwise, tion of about 16 persons per 10 acres. And the hamlets have a special significance in our if only the inhabited areas in the villages are State in view of their large number and the taken into account as is done in respect of fact that· generally different communities urban areas, there will be no place having a i~habit them. .For a study of. existing condi­ density of less than 1000 persons per square tIOn of a particular cOlDlnumty hamlet-wise mile. Anyone who has lived and lor toured figu,res are of great value. The forest villages in the countryside and cities knows fully well were treated separately and assigned code how very congested are the present day living number in the end in the series for the tahsil conditions. Growth of population in the in which they fell. years to come, even marginal if the efforts of the Family Planning Organisation succeed. 76. Finalisation of the list of towns.-The will take away whatever justification there primary Census data for urban areas is may be (frankly, I cannot see any) for this presented block-wise for every city and town•. criterion. It is best that it is given up from Therefore, one of the first task which has to be the next Census. undertaken is finalisation of list of towns in 78. The discretion given this time to consultation with the State Government. The recognise a place as a town on the basis of definition of a town for the 1971 Census was pronounced urban characteristics was made use generally the same as -was adopted in the of in respect of two tahsil headqu~rters, Suraj· previous Census. To qualify for recognition pur (Surguja district) and Bemetara (Durg as a town, a place had to satisfy any of the district) as also in recognising industrial and following criterions in the 1961 Census:- mining places as towns without applying the La) it should have an urban body, viz., Muni­ minimum population criterion of 5000. In cipal Corporation, Municipal Council, or respect of all other places which did not have Cantonment, or, urban bodies, the procedure adopted was that 37 initially a list of places having a population of be recognised as towns in this Census as against 4000 + with approximately 75 per cent of male 219 a decade earlier. The break-up of these working' population returning categories III to places on the basis of the criteria for recogni­ I~ out of .total workers was prepared district· tion as a town is as follows :- WlSe and arculated to' the Collectors to elicit, their views. A list of places which' did not Having Population 5000 + and Predominent urban justify retention as towns on the basis of the urban 75 percent male work. characteristic! ligures of the 1961 Census and definition of bodies ing population non· town approved this time was also· sent. agricultural Preparatory work in this connection was started (1) (2) (3) in May. 1969 (just before I joined) and in the light of the views of the Collectors, a list of 247 lowns was ,sent to the RegislIar.General 184 41 25 fOl approval on 12·9·69 after obtaining the concurrence of: the State Government. His approval was received on 27·10·69. Three Althon~h a detailed reference to the rural­ lllore places Kirandul (Bastar district), Beohari mban classification will be made in the (Shahdo] district) and N aila-Janjgir (Bilaspul General Report, Part lA, I am mentioning here district) were recogniSed later as towns. in bJie£ the extent to which the decision to K.irandul was left out by mistake initially (it is recognise 2i)0 places as towns stood the test of a mining place where the Bailadilla Iron Ore final population figures and its category-wise Project is located). It fulfilled all the criteria break-up. The following places have not from the very beginning. The other two returned eithel' population of 5000+ or 75 places came to have urban bodies after the list per cent of the male working population as was approved. Thus in all 250 places came to non-agricultural :-

Percentage of Oriterion Name of the town PopulatiOn Don-agricultu­ ral workers ( I) (2) ------~------A. Population 5000 +·and 75 per cent male work­ i) Ga'ldhi Sagar 3,953 98.74- ~ng population no,l·agricultural eii) Orie'lt Paper Mill, Amlai R,6i7 74.89 (iii) Unchahara 9,652 73.55 (iv) Rehlj· 9,309 74- .()2 (v) Gaurella ., 7,952 72.56 (vi) Balod 9,393 74.14

fl. Pre;lomirient urba'! characterinics (i) North Jhagrakhan1 4,947 99.69 Oolliery. ' (ii) South Jhagrakhand 3,477 99.84- Colliery. (iii) Panara 3,831 95.83 (iv) Bhamr>di 4,804 98.69 (v) Ghandameta 4,336 96.83 (vi) Ranapur 6,556 65.58 (vii) Patan 7,517 54.31 (viii) Lodhikhera 6,080 69.60 (ix) Takhatpur 9,406 58.49 (x:) Akaltara 8,927. 58.88 (xi) Baloda Bazar 9,449 70.85 (xii) Sarsed (Harpalpl1.c) 6,897 67.00 (xiii) Ajaigal'h .. 6,095 11.51 (xiv) Babai 5,3!7 69.52 (xv) Patharia Kalan ., 6,893 63.72 (xvi) Dindo, i.. .. 6,553 71.92 (xvii) Dongaria Chhapara 5.180 72.17 (xviii) Surajpur .. 5.296 61.71 (xix) Heme-tara ., 7.i93 65.~6 (u) GarM Maleh:a 6,322 33.71 38

In all 26 places out of 66 not having an 79. Urban agglomeration iDslead of toWJI­ W'han . body but treated as towns did not fulfil group.-Th~ c~ncept of town-group has been the criterion, as indicated above. The number replaced thls time by urban agglomerati~. may' appear to be large, but a clOSe scrutiny Apart from the fact that the concept of town­ will show that only eleven places have recorded group, as evolved in· 1961, was applied a percentage below 70 but the population in differently by the States, it was found to be each case is above 5000. Of these, six places­ deficient on the ground that it left out areas R.anapur, Patan, Lodhikheda, Takhatpur. intervening between two towns. 1 must bu­ Akaltara and Garhi Malehra-were recognised ten to add here that so far as our State waa as towns in 1961 also and were retained this concerned, the application of the concept of time on the basis of recommendations of the t?wn-~oup did not result in any ambiguous Collectors concerned. The percentage of non­ situation; III fact, the concept of urban agglome. agricultural workers was also in the neighbour- ration adopted this time is not at all different . hood of 70 and population above 5000. The from the town-group concept as adopted in other five places of wrong judgement are­ 1961 in our State and the concept of rion­ Sarsed, :Babai, Paiharia Kalan, Surajpur and municipal urban area which too was followed Bemetara. The last two places are tahsil head­ . (by non-municipal urb~n area is meant the quarters and the first three places had returnee! urban outgrowth outside the statutOry limits of percentage of non-agricultural workers above a city/town). All the six town-groups of the 75 in 1961. As finalisation of list of towns is 1961 Census figure this time as urban agglo­ done prior to availability of latest figures and a merations. As a matter of fact, even before certain amount of judgement is involved. the circular on urban agglo~ration was marg1nal errors are bound to be there. For received from the Registrar-General on 29-12-69, the various publications of the 1971 Census, We had spelt OUt the concept of non-municipal the list of 250 towns has not been revised urban area in Circular number 2. dated 10-9-69 because the basic criterion of existence of an in order to ensure comparability with the 1961 urban body has itself resulted in inclusion of data. Unfortunately the initial decision of four places which neither have a population the Registrar-General's office was to limit data of 5000+ nor 75 per cent of male working in respect of cities and towns to the statutory population as non-agricultural. limits only (Circular 8, dated 16-10-69) ana (jD his advice, we withdrew the instructions reia­ ting to non-municipal urban area on 31-10-69. petcentage of Later on the Registrar-General's office issued Name of the town population non-agricuItu- ral workers instructions on the subject of urban agglomera­ tion (Circular SA, dated 27-12-69) and the net effect was that the concept of non-municipal (1) (2) (3) urban area got restored. Circular SA was, however, received only on 29-12-69 by which time the General Village /Town Registers and Bagli M.C. 4,832 59.61 Charge Register~ had been prepared in all the districts. Therefore, in order not to create Malhal'garh M.C. 4,788 54.19 confusion the concept of urban agglomeration was not followed at the stage of houselisting Chhuikhadan M .C. 4,035 73:84 but was adopted at the time of individual enumeration.

Khajuraho N.A.(,~ 2,723 36.46 80. In order to have a more realistic idea about growth of urban areas, in addition to A few more towns recognised on the basis of urban agglomeration, the concept of Standard their having an urban body do not have either Urban Areas has also been developed in this a population of 5000 + or 75 per cent of the Census. The urban outgrowth of a town may male working population as non-agricultural. vary from Census to Census thereby rendering Therefore, the decision to retain all the 250 comparison difficult. To obviate this diffi· places a~ fowns has not resulted in any demo­ cult), the concept of Standard Urban Area graphic distortion different from what is envisages preparation of special tables in respect inherent in the definition itself. A complete of every town having a population of 50.000+ list of places recogn'sed as towns, district-wise, a~d all the areas adjoin.ing it up to about 10 is given in Appendix XIII. mlles in all the directions. This will make 39

full comparllbility possible for about three district), Morena (Morena district) and Rajgarh Censuses reg'arding the impact of the concerned (Rajgarh district). F.inal notifications were towns on lheir neighbouring areas. issued as late as January-February, 1971. The. net result is that the urban population of the 81. Embargo and its infringement.-A& above mentioned three places does not reflect presentation. of Census data is· broadly divided the actual position as on the sunrise of April 1, into rural. urban. the Government of India 1971, because in the Census records the entire addressed the State Governments on 15·4-68 population of the concerned villages has been suggesting that all changes in the boundaries treated as rural. This defect is not there in of existing towm should be finalised by 31·12·69 the other two instances where whole village(s) and no changes be made thereafter till the were added to the urban bodies of Begumganj Census opera~ions in the State. are over. (Rai~en district) and Sawer (Indore district). This letter is' reproduced as Appendix XIV. All that was necessary was to treat newly added The need ·for embargo on frequent changes· in villages as urban at the tabulation stage with­ the admini~trative boundaries of towns arises out· bothering the field staff with modified because the basic data of each town is presented instructions. This was actuallv done even ward-wise and further for every block of a though the notifications were issued only in ward. Preliminary action like preparation of 1anuary, 1971. the General Village/Town Register, Charge Register, notional maps etc., requires a lot of time; all preparations ",re on the basis of ward 82. Location Code System.-With a view to boundaries at a given time. Now if the avoid inter-mixing of slips of one unit with boundaries of a town do not remain final and that of another at the sorting and tabulation are changed frequentlv during the Census stage; an elaborate location code system is operations, then the preliminary efforts made evolved. Bv location code is meant numbering for correction of data in the General Village I of every u~it in a systematic manner so that Town Registers and preparation of the notional slips of every unit can be located without any maps would go waste. But whatever the difficulty. Every district in the State was orders, when. poll necessities become compel­ first given a serial number starting from ling, changes in the administrative boundaries Morena in the north and ending with Bastar of the towns are made by the State Govern­ in the south. Within each district, every ment and this Census was not an exception to tahsil . was given a serial number in interna­ this general practice. The State Government tional numerals and every town in roman made changes in five instances after 31-12-69. numbers. In this way, the first two elements Fortunatelv I was sounded in advance and was of the location code in respect of every rural able to convince the concerned authorities of and urban operational unit in the State were the problems that would arise if certain fixed in' the office and communicated to the guiding considerations were not kept in view field agencies alongwith circular number 2 on while giving effect to the decision already 10-9-69 (See Appendix XV). Instructions t~ken to make changes in the administrative were given in the circular for preparation of boundaries of certain towns and in the adminis­ the General Village/Town Registers and trative status of. some villages. The dedsion Charge Registers. Column I of the village was a fait accompli and, therefore, I did the portion of the General Village/Town Register, next best thing, i.e., to ensure that (i) such which was to be prepared tahsil-wise, automa· instances are few; (ii) where new areas are tically gave the third element of the location being added to a town, whole villages would code for. rural areas. Villages were listed be added and not parts of villages.. Further, patwari halka by patwari halka and in the the boundaries of the old wards would remain end forest villages and other settlements, if any, undisturbed till the Census operations are over were listed. As regards towns, the ward, and new areas would be formed into additional sector or mohalla number was to be treated· as wards without again dividing a village into the third element and entered in columns 5 more than o~ ward; (iii) where the character and 6 .of the town portion of the General of a village, or villages, was being changed into Village / Town Register. The fourth element an urban bodv, whole village jvillages would of the location code was to represent the blocks. be taken and not parts of village(s). But the carved out on the basis of approximate above considerations were kept in view in only population of 750 -in rural areas and 600 in 2 out of the five instances. Parts of villages urban areas. For carving out blocks, and in were added to the urban bodies of Bagli (Dewas order to have an idea about personnel require- 40

ments, the Charge Registers were got prepared norUlS laid down. In other' words, what was and column I I of it made available the fourth meant by enumerators' block 'was his total and final element of the location code. For jurisdiction which may have only one block Ot instance, 33/2/101/.(129) meant district bearing more than one block. At the time of prepara· code number 33, tahsil 'bearing code number 2, tion of the A.bridged Houselists the confusion village entered at serial number 101 in column came to light in the fu_rm of whether the number 1, of village portion of the General fourth element of the location code would be Village/Town Register and block given conse­ the serial number in coluIiln 11 or column 15 cutive number 129 in column 11 of the of tho: Charge Rt:.gister., As figures are to be concerned Charge Register. Similarly, for presented block-wise up to the Primary Census. urban areas, location code 5/III/9/(17) would Abstract stage, it is obvious that the fourth stand for district bearing code number 5, town element of the location code has ·gOt to be the bearing roman n~mber III, ward number 9 as enumeration block number (column II of the per entry in column numbers 5-6 of town Charge Register) and not the enumerators' portion of the General Village/Town Register block number (colum11 IT, of the Charge and block number 17 as per entry in column Kegis!er). 'Much of the confusion could have 11 of the relevant Charge Register. been avoided had the instructiolJ.s been cate­ ~orical and use of more or less· similar terms 83. From the above discussion regarding <. fl'llTiif ~ for enumeration blocks and the location code s),stem, it would be obvious srlf1JTiiJi·~ for enumerators' block) avoided. that accurate preparation of the General But actually we added to the confusion when Village /Town Registers and Charge Registers in reply to a querry from Collector, Balaghat is very vital. The instructions had to be it was intimated, in mv absence, that both wi1I drafted carefullv and in detail; the net result mean the same thing. - In 'this context, I am was that circular number 2 became very in agreement with the observations of Mr. lengthy, running into 39 cycIostyled pages in W. H. Shoobert, who was incharge of Census English and 12 prinJ:ed pages in Hindi. And operations in Central Provinces and Berar in despite all the care taken at the time of 19.~1 dlat "Superintendence of the Census of a finalisation of this circular, no fewer than eight Province is in fact essentially a one-man job". clarificatorv letters had to be issued. One Issue of letters or clarifications without having confusion 'which the instructions created and first seen the draft, and its contents· thoroughl}' required repeated clarification was in respect discussed. should not be permitted_ of columns 11 and 15 of the Charge Register. In column 11 was to be given the continuous 84. Timing of -Provision a! Charge R.egis­ serial number of enumeration blocks ( lfOTlT ters.-As a matter of fact, in retrospect, I am i\ll'fil; ) and in column 15 the serial number of of . the view that the decision to prepare the the enumerators' block (.311J'O!CIi ~Cfi'). The prO\'isi~nal Charge Registers along with the essential difference in the two numbers was General Village /Town Registers prior to the that whereas the continuous serial number of . houselisting operations was· itself wrong. Shri column fl was to be the fourth element of the K. D. BaIJal, who worked as Deputy Superin­ location code to be entered within brackets, tendent of Census Operations at the time of the continuous serial number in column 15 the 1961 Census, had opined even then that was only to indicate the number of enumera­ preparation of the provisional Charge Regis­ tors that would be required in an operational ters prior to the houselisting operations is a unit. The two serial numbers did not mean futile exercise because, apart from the fact that the same thing. Every village or hamlet, estimations have to be made on the basis of irrespective of its population, was to be treated figures of the previous Census, the personnel as a separate block and assigned a distinct that would be actually available at the time number in column II. Similarly every ward, of individual enumeration would be quite sector, or mohalIa, irrespective of population, different in view of transfer of officials that was to be a separate block. But so far as an would always take place. However, in the enumerator's block was concerned, for which light of opinion of IIi\" predecessor, Shri G. the yardstick was an approximate popUlation Jagathpathi. who had averred to usefulness of of 750 in rural areas and 600 in urban areas, the Charge Registers while discussing Shri K. D. more than one contiguous small blocks could Ballal's views, the preparation of the provi­ be combined and entrusted to one enumerator sional Charge Registers prior to the "80 3S to llnke his workload conform to the house listing operations was not given up. But 41 j~ the cont~~t of confusio~ that the provisional 85. In order to see that listing of village. <.;harge Re~lsters created In the field regarding and. towns in the General- Village JTown the .exact Import of columns II and 15 and Re~sters ~nd ~har~e Registers was up-ta-date. -experience gained in this Census,' I am now of the mstructlons In CIrcular number 2 stipulated the qefinite view that preparation of the the following;~ provision:;tI Charge Registers prior to the ho~selisting operations is not at all necessary (a} A careful local enquiry in order to unless one' deSIres to engage personnel more or ascertain that no village, hamlet or less equal to what is done at the time of habitation is left out. In fact, hamlets were got listed separately in columns 5-6 jndividua~ enumeration. . I~ Madhya Pradesh, of rural portion of the General Village/ t~e practice has been to hmIt p_ersonnel at the tIme of houselisting to the bare miniinum. Town Registers with the express purpose Patwaris orily are engaged in the rural' areas . of ensuring ac~rate listing. .and they fill the schedules in all the villages J (b) Villages lik_ely to disappear or uninhabited hamlets of their halka. In the urban areas should also be listed if they have not been

ENUMERATION AGENCY

86. The intioduction of the pad system the job is likely to get unduly rushed (paras. from the Census of 1941 and normal residence 110 and 112 of the Ad~inistration Report). approach on full scale from 1951 for filling I am in complete agreement with the reasons in the individual slips greatly reduced man­ mentioned above although I must ~asten to power problems. From then on, by and large, add that the last named difficulty was 'not there official employees only are appointed as this time in view of the fact that the house­ Census functionaries. This has obvious listing operations were conducted in April. advantages. Habits of discipline and obed~nce May, 1970, as against September-October, 1960. which get cultivated during regular employ­ and thus there was plenty of time between the ment are big assetsf the fear of adverse effect on two operations. I had other rea~ons also for promotion prospects in the event of unsatisfac­ not keeping the personnel for the two tory performance of work has its own role to operations identical. Whel'eas the enumera­ play. tion period' faT the individual count is fixed and uniform for the whole country. there is 87. Census functionaries.-Under the Census no fixity of time and duration in" respect of Act, anyone can be appointed as a Census houselisting. The discretion rega!"ding time functionary. But in view of reasons mentioned and duration was left with the Directors of in the earlier paragraph, only official employees Census Operations and as a comprehenSive arc generally appointed. Now since the establishment schedule was being canvassed for primary responsibility_ f

HOUSE-NUMBERING AND HOUSE-LISTING

92. The scheme of permanent house­ position in the State. In' a communication numbering as a part of Census Operations was addressed to the Local GovernTuent (Urban) first conceived in 1948 by the then Registrar­ Department, the then Deputy Superintendent General, Mr. M. W. W. M. Yeatts. In our of Census Operations, Slid K. S. Bhatnagar, State, the work was taken up in right earnest who was incharge of the office, observed that and in the 1951 Administration Report the "during my tours of some di9tricts, I discussed Census Superintendent, the late Shri J. D. the desirability or otherwise of the scheme for Kerawalla, has referred to the matter in the a permanent house-numbering with the 'C011- following words: "In almost all places, the cerned Municipal Presidents/Chief Executive house-numberillg was originally' done by Officers and came to the conclusion that all are painting' the numbers on the door shutters or agreed on the need fer a pennaperit house­ walls of the houses and the real work concerned numbl,!ring. Almost everywhere the 1961 with the house-numbering done in 1950 was Census house numbers have been ,obliterated". about repainting; Ihe obliterated numbers in rural areas and getting permanent numbers 94. Committee at State Ieve1..-Before I affixed in the more important municipal areas. took over charge in May 1969, the process for As a result of intensive efforts, sixty out of one introducing the scheme of permanent house­ hundred and ten Municipalities in Madhya numbering had been set in motion: As p~r Pradesh agreed to- have permanent number instructions in the Manual a CommIttee cOnSIS­ plates throughout their jurisdiction, and it is ting of the following was set up at the State a matter of satisfaction that in many of these level on 5-1-1968:- towns permanent number plates were affixed before the Census ~ctually commenced". Chief Electoral Officer Unfortunately the 195,1 effort was not pursued 2. Secretan Local Government (Urba::JJ De­ during the inter-Cens3L period and the system partment or his nomineef. of ward-wise numbering rendered the plates 3. Director, Panchayats useless in course of time as· new structures came up and boundaries of wards underwent change 4.. Director, Land Records and Settlement consequent to territorial changes in the area of Commissioner. the towns. At the time of the 1961 Census, 5. Director of Census Operations (Convener). the work of house-numbering and evolving of a permanent system were assigned due It was also mentioned that the Local Govern­ importance but the scheme could not make ment (Urban) Department sh

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". A lpeelm... of J;.ermallent hOWl ....umberlnlr. previously and had become useless consequent 80 widely apart that even an educated visitor to change in _ward boundaries. The lasting to the' township would ·be at his wit's end_ to value of fixing number-plates according to locate· a -- particular house because at the road roads/streets/lanes could, therefore, be broulflIt crossings and at the bifurcations there are no . home without much difficulty as a scheme which indications to guide the visitor about type and-- would 'ultimately t:.3ve the urban -body from _hom.e nu~bers located, on a particular road/. incurring eXpenditure repeatedly On the samf street/lane. -, Plate number 1 would make item. A modest _target to cover at. least every abundantly -clear What has been stated _above. distriCt headquarter town/city wall fiXed and the Deputy Directors were instructed to make 97. In the Arera Colony, numbers were repeated follow up efforts. As a result of the given contimwusly according to size of plots various steps taken, it ha.s been possible to when the lay~ut was prepared. On construc­ ensure fixing of permimenr number-plates in tion, the plot numher has become the hOUse 17'3 towns out of 250 places recognised Oil) towns number. As plots of various sizes lVere inter­ in this Census (the figures of 173 includes mixed. the house numbers now present a, con­ industrial towns of Bhilainagar, N epanagar fused picture. By the side of house number and Govindpura who have their own numbering 30 is house number 151. Plate number 2 will sdleme and instead of affixing plates. palnt the give .an idea about the existing position. numbers and - ensure regular mainfenance). Out of 43 headquarter towns/cities, di~trict 9B. I have approached the concerned number-plate~ have been affixed in 34 towns! authorities to change the numbering scheme cities. The achievement is by no means small according to road/street/lane, and also to put when one considers the vastness of the State up board!> at road crossings jbifurcations indica­ and the tact that of the remaining 77 cities I ting name or number of the road/street/lane towns, 22 are either colliery towns or places and the house-numbedllg. A systematic n~m­ which have very recently changed their status bering scheme has been suggested for adoption from mral to urban. The complete list of to the Managing Body, Arera Colony, Sector E·I towns where permanent nUIDber-plates have a!ld may be ~ in Plate number 8. been affixed, mostly accQrding to roads! streets I lanes, may be. seen in Appendix XVIII. 99. H01l!l6-numbering in rural areas.-In 95. DiHiculdes in absence of permanent the rural areas, the traditional method of bOu8eonwubering• ...,..It would not be out of putting hou8e-numbers in 'geru' continued. place to digress a bit here and refer to the But at the same time, there was a welcome cifficulties one has to face in locating a house awareness among quite a few Gram Panchayats. if the numbering scheme is unintelligible. The Director of Panchayats and Social Welfare The tOWfShip of the Heavy ElectricaIs (I) Ltd., was good enough to issue a circular letter and the newly huiIt private residential area (Appendix XlX) to the effect that Gratn known -as Arera Colony (both are parts of Panchayats may incur expenditure from their Bhopal City agglomeration) are classic examples funds -to affix number-plates on the houses. of defective numbering., As a result of efforts made by certain District Census OfliceTS and District Pancha),at and Welfare Officers. ptrmanent number-pla~1 96. In the Heavv Electricals (I) Ltd., town. ship, numbering is' continuous for each type have been affixed in the following rural areas house irrespective the road on (the information is based 0":. data .supplied .by rX I str~t/lane the District Census Officers In then' respectIve which it may have heen co~strDl;tea. And Administration Reports and bas not been when a particular t~pe-house IS constructed on a vacant plot between two houses, which may verified on the spot by Census agency) :- be of other types, the number to the new house is given after the last serial number already S.No. Name ofthe Area covered given to the particular type houses.. This District system of numbering- has resulted 1D the (t) (2) (3) anom.alous and somewhat amusing situation of 865-866 falling house numbers of type N-IV Bhind .. In majority of Gram Pancharats between hOl1se numbers 88-89 of type T-Ill. work is in progress. Tbe numbers within the same type are also not free from defect. House numbers 131-134 2 Cuna .. 80% ohillages and 135-142 of type T-III are located on roads 3 Pant':' .. 80% of villages 48

(1) (2) (3) basis of roads/streets/lanes instead of warda. h~ was. not able. to carry all the Corporaton WIth him· (espeCIally the vociferous section) 4- Chhattarpur Quite a large number of Villagl!llJ 3!ld suggested through the Municipal Commis­ SIOner that I may address a meeting of all the 5 Jhabua Meghanagar Corporators and convince theipJ of the utility 6 DItar of the scheme. 1 had a mistaken notion of In 17 Gram Panchayats my powers of persuasion and, therefore, readily, , .Dewu 205 out of 224 Gram Panchayats a~cepted the offer. . Accordingly, a meeting WIth all the Corporators was fixed at Gwalior 8 Ujjain 96 out of 209 Gram Panchayats on 29-5-1970 in which rna jority of them were 9 Indore In some villages present. It was good to know that all of them were in favour of permanent number­ 10 Rajgarh 70% of villages. plates and that the' Corporation had .made a 11 Sehore budget provision of Rs. 40,000 at the rate of 142 out of 228 Gram Panchayats Re. 1 per plate. But at tQis point tlie 12 Raisell Panchayats of Gairatganj and favourable trend ended and a Qistusslon ensued Udaipura tabaiIs , regarding the system to be folloWed a.nd the 13 Hoshangabad In big villages only (~ontents to be written on each· plate. Divergent \!iews were expressed by Corporators belonging 14- Narsimhapur In some Panchayats to different political parties' and no decision could be reached. On the question of system 15 &star In quite a few viIIagcs but· no be tahsil in full. to followed, the majority of Corporators favoured ward-wise system mainly on the ground that every member wants to know Under the sample registration scheme alliO readily the number of houses in his area. ~e rural areas -are being covered. But this Other reasons advanced were that municipal IS at the expense of the Government of India. registers prepared ward-wise would have to be A ~ery large part of the countryside would re-written and that a numbering s)'stem based contmue to number the houses with 'geru' for on roads/streets/lanes would create problem a~ least a couple of decades, jf nm more in of casy identification of boundaries of a ward. VIew of the financial condition of majoritY of All mv reasoning to point out tnat the stated rural local bodies. It is also not possible for difficulties were transitional and not insunnoun­ !h~ . State .to step in and bear the full cost of table proved of no avail. And mv argument II!-Itial fixmg of the number-plates in all the that permanent number-plates according to VIllages and hamlets. The Collector Bastar roads/streets/lanes would result in great alone had asked for a grant of Rs.. I 85 000 ~ economy brought forth the retort that "we know demand which could not be met. ' O~y best how to spend our funds". But more than gr~~ual awareness among the people about. the the question of system to be followed,. it was utIhty of having their houses numbered can the discussion on the contents to be WrItten on result one day in complete numbering on a each plate which stumped me completely. permanent basis of all the structures on the The sample plate exhibited in the meeting ground. But that day is far off and for the contained information about name of pro­ present we should limit our efforts to all the prietor jtenant and amount of house-tax in urba~ areas and big' villages, say 3000 +, which addition to name of road, ward number and are lIkely to have some urban characteristics house number. My reasoning that too many and problem of identification of houses in the changea ble items, like name of proprietor I absence of a systematic and permanent scheme tenant amount of house-tax, ward number, of house-numbering. etc., ~ould put the Corporation to recurring expenditure of a high o~der had . no effect. 100. Para. 94 may tempt one to conclude M,' curiosity led to probmg questIons on my, that Ihe efforts at getting permanent number part and I 'could finally know the real reason plates fixed, at l~ast in the urban areas, was a for this insistence on details in the number-. ~uccess story from beginning to end. Actually plate itself. As one Corpor~.tor ~ith ayowe~ It was not so. I met my waterloo at Gwalior. socialist leanings explained the mtentIOn. IS. Although the Mayor of Corporation, Shri N. K. to let the man in the street know how ncb Shejwalkar, was convinced of the soundness of people pav lower rate of house-tax in com­ the scheme to permanently number on the patlson to poor people. As for frequent ~ ~ ! :0 III ..6 a~ ,.: " :0 ~ AI

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too IT1 I\J ,47

chang~s in the details of a plate, we-will have 103. Habitation Atla..-In respect of urban a pennanent painting wing with the Civil areas, the project of preparatiQn of Habitation Engineer and thus create employment oppor­ Atlas is a little more ambitious. Although the tunjties". At this point, I decided to leave maps are being prepared without survey of the the matter to the discretion of tl!e Corporators, town, the work has been entrusted, to Drafts­ thanked them for giving me an opportQIlity to men ~nd Tracer!> who are. qual16.ed. The discuss the matter with them and beat a hasty entire scheme·is being implemented in collabora­ retreat. tion with the State Town and Country Planning Department. Tbe grid-system has 101. Notional maps.-Closely allied to the been followed so that various sheets of a town scheme of permanent house-numbering is ~the can be joined in order to have a fulf: picture preparation of notional maps to have a clear of the town. The ·work is in progress· and as idea about the four corners of every unit yet maps have been prepared in respect of 93 adopted for Census operations.· At the pre­ towns out of 250 towns. houselisting stage, preparation of notional maps did not have much significance in view of 104. The maps of towns are being prepared the decision to limit the personnel and entrust -oil tracing paper after adopting a unifonn the work of house-listing to the patwar~ only scale. . This would enable preparation of in rural areas and to have at the most two ferroprints of each map to the extent of enumerators per ward. But for the count of clemand of these maps. Already over a dozen individuals, notional maps had very;. great offices have placed demand for 20 sets of maps utility. Now a lot of effort goes in the pre­ of all the towns. Bound volumes are being paration of tht! notional maps and it was supplied on payment. The price has been therefore consider ed how beSt to preserve them worked out on the basis of COSt of binding, and to make them documents of lasting utility. tracing paper, rerro-paper, ink and printing It was decided to make use of the wealth of charges of cover-page,. title-page and the information collected in the Houselist in Preface. . respect of use of every Census house. Separate 105. The quality of the rural and urban legends were decided in advance for different -mQps was immensely liked by the Registrar­ uses of Census houses and printed off on papc:r Gt'neral, India, and was commented upon very of uniform size. . Thereafter the patwatls favourabh' at the Third COnference of the were given sheets at the rate of 'four per rural Directors' of Census Operations at Pahalgam. block to prepare four copies of every map in The Chief Secretary and the Additional Chief respect of villages /harnlets in their halka. Secretary to the State Government were also Instructions were issued to bind three sets of very much impressed and a circular letter was maps into volumes of 250 ~p.s each! or accor~­ addressed to the concerned departments of the ing to Revenue Inspectors Cueles m a tabsll. State Government which has already resulted One complete set of rural areas of all the in a demand of twenty sc;ts as referred to in districts in the State is available in the office the previous para~aph. . Together with !he librarv. One set each has been kept with the Abridged House-h9ts, which too are bemg Collector and the Tahsildar in respect of areas preserved in bound form till the next. Census as falling in their jurisdiction. part of an all India Scheme, t~e ~otional maps in the form of a regular publIcatIon would be 102. Although the maps have been prep~~~d of immense utilitv for all inter-Censal surveys by the patwaris, who do not po:ssess :r:e9umte and preparation of development plans. qualifications. and are only notIonal wlthout any sort of survey of the abadi areas of. ~he 106. Trainiug of personnel for house­ village/hamlet, they are of very great utllIty. listing.-The training of personnel for house­ Apart -from giving a general idea about ~he listing was organised in two st~ges.. II! !he lay-out of the village/hamlet, the maps give month of January, 1970, the tramers trammg details of residential houses, schools, Panchayat was held, i.e., training was imparted to the ghar, police station, primary health centre. District Census Officer, Sub-divisional Officers. wens, electricity, roads, cart.tracks, etc:-. In Tahsildars, Superintendents Land Records, etc., other words, a bird's eye view of the eXlstmg by self and the Deputy ~irector~.o£ Census state of affairs in the village fhamlet has been Operations who were m posItion. The made available in these maps to enable the allocation of districts was as under:- concerned authorities to prepare future development plans. Director-Districts of Gwalior Di_vision. 48

Shri B. P. .J ain-:,-Districts of Raipur and follows:. "!'- Cens~s house is a. building or .part Bilaspur Divisions. of a buddmg bavmg a separate main entrance Shri .K. C. Dubey.-Districts of Bbopal Divi­ fro~ the road or common courtyard or sion. staucase etc., used or recognised as a separate unit. It may be ;nhabited or vacant. It Sbri ~. Y. Holkar-Distr!_cts of Indore Divi­ may be used for residential or non-residential· Sion. purpose or both". The d~nition, of course, Shri B. B. Shrivastava-Districts of Jabalpur, was not to be applied rigidly and the detailed Mandla, Balaghat, Rewa, Sidhi, Satna, instructions issued by the Registrar-General's ShahdoI, Panna. office itself made mention of a few situations Shri V. K. Trivedi-Districts Damoh, Chhind- in which a Hexible approach was indicated in' w~ra, Sagar, Seoni, Narsimhapur, the light of actual situation. For instance, in T 1kamgarh and Chhatarpur. a multistoreyed, chawl type cons_~ruction, all the ~'ooms in the occupation of a family may open I"!l .the mont~s of February and March, 1970, 111[0 the common passage~ In such cases, all traml!lg of enumerators and supervisors was the rooms were not to be treated as separate, orgamsed. Every enumerator and supervisor Census houses but onlv one Census house on w~s to attend four training classes wbich were the ground of singleness of use. Similarly" sUItably spaced and fixed at convenient centres. different huts in the occupation of a family In order to ~nsure that the training classes are inside an enclosure were to be reckoned as one' ~eally .effective al~d useful, the following Census house. But no definition, howsoever· mstructlOns were Issued for its organisation well conceived, can meet the requirements of' and conduct :-- all situations. The difficulty faced in Indore in 1891 was. there this time also. In.' his (a) "The size of the training cLasses should as Report, Mr. R. H. Gunion·, has observed far as possible, be limited to 50 ' thus: "In Indore, as elsewhere, some difficultJ (b) Stre~s shoUld be on practtCal' demons­ arose regarding the definition of a house. That tratIon and the af~moons should be adopted by the Agra .Conference (the dwelling reserved for th~s purpose. Every trainee place of one or more families with their should be reqUired to fill entries in res­ resident servants having one principal entrance ~ of at least 20 Census: houses having from the common way) 'could not be, univer­ diverse uses and also establishments. - sally applied. For instance, there exists in (c) Before disperSing. the problems, if any Indore walled enclosures with only one entrance encoun,tered while actually filling the from the common way but with several forms should be discussed. separate dwelling places inside, the one behind the other, those behind being reached by the (d) A~ Attendance Register should be main­ verandah of the first one. It was a question tamed to ensure that every supervisor.! whether one number should be affixed to the enumerator bas attended the required entrance from the common way, or all the number of training classes. houses within the enclosure should be numbered. The latter course was adopted, as giving the 107: "!'he h~}Uselisting operations had only orgamsatlOnal Importance till the 1951 Census. actual number of houses more correcdv". The It was for the first time in 1961 that the scope 1891 approach in respect of numbering wali and contents of the Houselist were made followed this time also in the light of defini­ tion of a Census house. But then what does ela~r.ate .so as to make it a document of statistical Importance also. In other words one really imply by a house? Is it not an elaborate :::Iouselist was being canvassed necessary that the unit should be complete in only for the second time in this Census and all respects, 'i.e., basic amenities are available theref<;JTe certain conceptual difficulties were exclusively to the members of the househ,old(s) faced m the field. living in it? Perhaps from this viewpoint, the 1971 definition of a Census house is a little defective. At the time of Registrar-General'. 108. Census house.-A satisfactory definition VISIl in April-May, 1970, when the house­ of "Census house" has not yet, been possible. listing operations were on, a visit was paid to ~fter a ~eat deal of thought and deliberation m the FIrst Conference of Superintendents of Census Operations in May, 1969, the definition *Report on the Census of Central India, 1891, CensUJ of Census house adopted in this Census was as of India, 1891,-Central India, Volume XXVI, Page 41.1, Para. 36. . ~Shrl A Chandra Sekbar. ~tra ..... General, India. havlDII' a look Bt the aouoJl.) _ lu Br...t. toWD (Dilltrlct Rajg.m). Shrl M. B. Malhotra, Collector. liajprb Is Oil bls rfsht.

'. '1' /1 ) .,,~' .; I \

Sbrl A. K. Pandya, Ill_tor of CensuB O_tloa., looklag Into the notional maps. Shri K. C. Dubey, Deputy DI_tor. i. on bl. rigbt. 49 hOllse number - 26 in Imli Bazar, Indore. 109. Building.-In this Gel\8\uI, a building Although numbering was done correctly in the "Was defined as follows: "A building is generally light of the definition of a Census house adopted a single structure but sometimes dlade ut:» 01 (see l!l~te number 4), it came to light that the mOre Utan otie tompolH:nt 'unit, which are used defimtmn falls short of· actual situation in so or likely !O be used as' dtreIIings (residences) fa.r as e~ery Ce~~us house Wa~ not equipped or estahlIshments such as· shops. workshops, with baSIC amemtles commonly associated with factOries, etc., or as god.owns. stores, cattle­ a house. For 18 houses (occupied by as many shed." etc., or in combination with any of these househOlds) water taps for purposes of washing such as shop-cum.residence, O'r workshop-cum­ were common and. ~vailable .in,. the open residence, etc." In 'new Bhopal, comprising courtyards only: simIlarly latnnes and bath,­ predominently of residenti:U quarter!! fot rooms were common. If the intention in government employees, block~wise numbering compiling figures of Census houses and' house· has been done on buildings. For instance, holds is to find mit hy how much houses are if there are sav 24 houses in bloct nuinber 48 in short supply, theQ. perhaps the definition· of in units of four houses, there will be six a Census house will lleed revision so as to independent buildings bearing block number exclude inclusion of houses with incomplete 48 and the house numbers run as 48/1. 48/2, facilities, as referred to above: ' Another angle 48(3 and so on up to 48/24. Now if the from which the definition of, a Census house definition of building was to be strictly folloW-· will have to be subjected to a' close scrutiny is ed, each of the six huildings of block numbeI .. the pl·esent defective approach of treating .an 48 should h:1Ye been treated as a separate independent. palatial bungalow with a big building. This would have necessitated re· compound as well as a 'jhuggi', or a conical numbering in m~joritr of residential buildingll shape hut with no regular room as' a house. and in order to aVOId it and make use ot As a part of the 'garibi hatao' programme existing numbers for Census purposes, the launched after the recent elections to the ddinition of huilding was relaxed to meet the various State assemblies, a scheme has been Dl'eds of the situation. Instructions were formulated r~ntly to provide a site of 900 iSMued to treat all separate $ttuctur~s .bearing square feet to every houseless household in the the same block nutnbet as one buIldmg and rural areas. Similar scheme for urban areas to treat the house number given below the is under preparation. ., The data compiled in block number as' Census house number, Le., this Censm, is not of much help in correcdy 48/1 was to be written as 48 (1) in column! assessing the magnitude of the problem. Very of the Hduselist and column 2 of the Estab­ negligible figures of houseless households in lishment SchedUle. Thi~ .decision saved a lot rural areas have been returned became size of botheration of numheri~g of.. hous~s in Bhvpal cit,", although I mliSt admit that 1t has of the house and legality of the structure are 1 not relevant at prts~nt in Census operations. at Ule same time reduced the total n~m?er 0. In this' context, the· data on number of living buildings in Bhopal. ~ut then bu~dlllg 15 rooms in a Census house is also defective and not a unit for presentatlon of data 10 any not of much· help. As stated earlier, data on R.s~rjes tables and theTefore theTe has been no size of each room is not collected. resulting in demographic distor~ion of any ~:x:t. For the a household living in a single hall of 20' x 20' industria1 township of Bhl!amaga~, fI!-Y heing considered as living in relatively poor prt:decessor had issued detailed lllStructtons 10 1961. The same instructions held good and conditions vis-a"'lJis a household having two th~e was no difficulty whatsoever as fortunately living rooms, each of 10' x 8'. The R-III he happened to be the Ge~eral Man~ger of the table classifying number of households by Bhilai Steel Plant at the ttme of thiS Census. members and . living rooms, in the light of what has been stated above, presents an incomplet~ picture and not of much help in formulating 110. Household industry.-The concept of plans for construction of new houses. The household industry also posed a few problems. hunger for more details is bound to grow as we The definition ad~ed was .as ~oUows: .. A go forward and from this st~nd~nt t~e household industry IS one which. IS conducted existing definitions and the compded data wIll by the head of the household himself {herself have to be subjected to a very critical strutin, and/or mainlY b\' the members of the house­ so that if it is' decided that Census is not the hold at home or within the village in rural time for collection of a particular information, areas and onl" within the premises of the then at least incomplete data is also n01 hous~ where the· household lives in uthan iln:as. collected and the concerned col~nins deleted. The industry should. net be TUh on. the scale 60

of a registered factory:' Thus the four Registrar-General, India, for filling the various essent~al 'ingredients for recognition as a house­ columns of the Houselist and the Establishment hold IDd;u~try. were :-(a) rt3;ture of a.ctIivity; Schedule, de~nite instructions were given to (b) parti(lpG1tiOIl: (,c) locaQion:; and (d!) size, ~uake a. ~enuon of the cementing material also Now I have no dispute with the definition as III addItIon to the main mateIjal in column 4 such: my point is that too rigid an adherence of the Houselist. Special tables have been to the yardstick of 'location' has resulted in prepared 0t;I the basi~ of information regarding omission of quite a few household industries. the cementmg matenal available in column 4 Let us first consider situations that are likely and are being presented in the Housing to be there in rural areas. It is not necessary Report. that there may be a river-bed or a 'nullah' in every village. Potters (Kumhars) of an . 112 .. COD1m~)D errors.-Despite the fact that adjoining village may also obtain on lease (I) .the mstr_uctlons were very elaborate, (ii) the porti?n~ of the river bed, or work without any sahent pomts were elucidated with illustra· permissIon as an encroacher, and manufacture tions in Circular ~, an? (iii) intensive training bricks and/or earthen-ware for sale. Manu­ classes were orgamsed, It was not uncommon to facture and sale of bricks/earthenware may he come across errors which at times " revealed the only me.ms of livelihood of the Kumhar's lack of ability to grasp even the basic pohits. family. In this case t~ criterions of nature The . errors .most commonly noticed. 'were-(i) of activitr, participation and size are fulfilled, !!te ,m~tructlOn~ specifically prohibitfd use of but since the field of operation is outside the ditto SIgn, but It was freely used, (iJ) Column boundary of the village, the unit is not a 2 was to be left blank in case a building- had household industry. ,A Cobbler'~ family more than one Census house; similarly, columns tanning leather and manufacturing leather 3 to 7 were nOot to be filled if· a .Census house articles within the village but away from the had more than one household. But these place of residence are running a household instructions were not followed by many enume­ industry, but in a similar situation in a town, rators, (iii) ~ terminologies were used to the unit is an unregistered workshop and not describe the material of the wall in Column 4 a household industry. 'DUs ~minatory and use of the Census house in Column 6. treatment on gl'Ounds of location is somewhat For. instance, in the Houselists of Bilaspur artificial and not at all warranted by prevailing tahSIl, a term one cllmef across often'· was conditions in the rural and urban areas. ' 'Sajiya' which stood for 'mat'. In Bastar II]. The instructions for treating a struc­ district, the term 'Jhati' and 'Ladi Jhodia' were used to mean the same thing. As for ture as 'pucca' or, 'katchha' were detailed, but then there was lacuna in the sense that illstruc­ use of the Census house, one came across terms like Dongar nai for temple, Ahri which meant tions did not visualise that entries in column 4 (material of the wall) should contain details of it farm house, Basa which stood for hotel, cementing material also. A structure could be Kathli or Kathari for Kirana shop etc. Strictly treated as 'pucca' if the wall material was of ~peaking these are not instances of error, but cement concrete, timber, or burnt bricks; stone all the same use of local terminologies, as (duly packed with lime or cement), but instruc­ indicated alx>ve~ did lead to difficulties in tions for filling column 4 only envisaged processing in the Coding and Punching Cell; mention of burnt brjcks, stone, cement cOlluete, (iv) it was stipulated in the instructions that grass, bamboo, etc., without any indication of only approved abbreviations should be used, cementing material. Mention of cementing but at times one did come across abbreviations material might not have been wnsidered which were neither mentioned in the Instruc­ necessary on the ground that the Tabulation tion Booklet, nor were explained. In the Plan did not require preparation of any Table Houselist of Raipur City, relating to the under. H·series giving brea.k up of Census Railway Colony area, Column 12 carried an houses into 'pucca' and 'katchha'. In that abbreviation 'V. A.'. Now in this column all case there should have been no mention of that had to be written was whether the occupier "puca" or 'kachha' in the instructions as such. was living in his own house, or rented h~se. It was' felt that for aproper appreciation of The permitted abbreviations were '0' and 'R' condition of housing in the State, data on in English and "~" and ttf.f;" in Hindi; number of 'pucca' and 'katchha'. strt;tctures {vi' There were missing as well as incomplete would be very useful. Therefore. m Cucular ~ntries.. .' At places, although column 4 was 5;' while 'highlighting and elab?rating instTUc­ filled glvn"g the material of the wall, there was tit1ftS ~veJk ~~ -i tJ;te _f9o~let . Issued by the no. entry, in column 5 relating to material of PLAN OF HOUSE N~ 26, IMLI BAZAR, INDORE

SITE PLAN

m, « oz z o I­ U L1J Ii)

GROUND FLOOR PLAN IST. FLOOR PLAN 2ND, FLO =IRY=== '------)R PLAN

PU~ __----- 'E-4 51

the roof. Further, one did come across a list of commonsense mistakes made bv the incomplete entries like "q;=;;:qi", .'~" "q. ;;rr . " enumerators and others should noW be prepared "iI' . ii( . iil'T. " etc., (vi) th reasons why a house in the light of experience of this Census and w~ vacant were not given in column 17: issued next time with the instructions for (VII) there were cases of inconsistent entries also filling up the Schedule".· Now I do not wish when one compared the entry in column 6 of to contest the above ob8etvatitiln, but in the the Houselist with what was shOwn in the light of. what has been stated in parauJI am relevant columns of the Establishment Schedule. doubtful if occurrence of trivial errors can A shop in column 6 of the Houselist stood as evel be forestalled. ~ ~ .. lID a workshop in the Establishment Schedule: ~. Human stupidity may be constant, (viii) Some enumerators gave Census house but human ingenuity is limitless.', Therefore, numbers to open plots also; (ix) Instructions circulation of list of common errors may were categorical that columns 6 to 8.. 9, 10 and perhaps result in the same mistakes not being 11 of the Establishment Schedule were mutually repeated; all the same one is bound to come exclusive. Still one did come across instances across new and equally silly errors. This is where entries were made, both in colunms 6 to unavoidable in a llIass operation like the Census 8 as well as 9, 10 or 11. In fact, 'some filled ill which a huge army of lowly educated all the six columns from 6 to 11. Such errors government employees of various levels have perhaps arose because more than one activity to be trained in a short period to fill in was being carried on in the same Census house complex schedules to the beSt of their ability. and the enumerator could not remember the instructions, which were very dear,' that when 115. The Houselist Abstracts, which were more than one activity i~ being carried on in prepared by the enumerators and consolidated the same Census house, each is to be treated by the Charge Officers for areas allotted to as a separate establishment and entered one them, gave the population of the State as - below the other in the Establishment Schedule, 4,04,51,182. In his Circular numbers 10 irrespective of the fact whether the owner is and 16, the Registrar-General had commended the same person or different persons; (x) Open­ an examination of abnormally high or low air establishments and ruined' monuments wer~ growth-rates so that necessary steps could be wrongly netted. taken in time to ensure complete coverage. The consolidated statement for the State which 1l!J. Apart from the errors/defects enumerat­ was sent on 24-9-70 showed a relatively low ed in the earlit paragraph, one also came growth·rate in urban areas (33.35 per cent across entries which revealed personal ingenuity during 1961-70 as against 47.70 per cent during on the part of the enumerator and even after 1951·61). This evoked a comment from the some investigation one could not ascertain Registrar-General's office that "the Director will the reasons that might have prompted him to nodoubt ensure that final population enumera­ write what was found. An enumerator of tion in urban centres will be complete". Bhopal City recorded the bathroom of a Actually. the low growth-rate in urban areas Minister as an establishment in column 6 of reflected in the houselist population figures the Houselist; fortunately, there were no corres­ was due to the fact that at the houselisting ponding entries in the Establishment Schedule. stage the concept of urban agglomeration was Another enumerator made the following not adopted_ due to reasons mentioned in para. entries in columns 6 to 8 of the Establishment 79. Further. the houselist was not canvassed Schedule :--Column 6-"qr. ':3 . "; Column 7- in strictly military areas and the defence It~ ~ CfiVIT"; Column M-- I,~ ~'. establishments. The popnlation of these areas, Perhaps this genim of an enumerator was on by and large, get added to the ~rban popula­ the brink of inventing a human incubator'! tion in the final count. This would be obvious from the fact that the final popula­ 114. In the context of common errors I tion figures of the State show an urban growth­ defects discussed in para. 112, I am r~i~ded rate of 46.63 per cent as against 47.70 per cent of the suggestion of the Deputy CommIssIoner in the decade 1951-61. If the urban out­ of Seoni who wrote to the Superintendent of growth population and of the areas where the Census Operations after the conclusion of the 1931 Census that "human stupidity being *w. N. Shoobert: C.P. & Berar-Administration probablv fairlv constant much time could be Report 1931 : Para 39, Page 13. saved by fore!ltalling its errors. I suggest that 52

Houselist was not canvassed is not taken into Officer and the District Census Officer to consideration, then the growth-rate for mban minutely examine' the records before packing areas comes to 36.77 per cent which more or and to keep the records of urban areas and less approximates to the picture revealed by rural areas in separate bundles. The District ..... the Houselist figures. What I am trying to Census Officer was instructed to despatch one point out is that houselisting in urban areas fair copy of the Houselist and both the copies was fairly complete and accurate and the data of the Establishment Schedule'-to the Coding made available by it ·was of immense utility in and Punching Cell, where further processing preparing plans for the final count. ' of the filled in schedules was to be done, by 15-7-70. One copy of the HouseHst was Il6. To ensure proper packing and despatch ordered to be retained by the Charge Officen of records pertaining to the houseHsting for further action relating to carving of blocks operation, detailed instructions were issued on and circles on the basis of HouseHst popula­ 16-4-70 in the form of Circular number 6. It tion figures. Generally the records' were. was enjoined on the enumerator, the Charge received by the due date as per instructions. CHAPTER XIII

SECOND CENSUS CONFERENCE OF JUNE, 1970

117. The timing and venue of. the Second 118. The agenda was heavy (nearly two Conference of 'Directors of Census Operations dozen subjects) but most of the time ~as were perfect. The first Conference was held rightly spent on-(i) the instructions for fill~ng in New Delhi in May, 1969, and a Training in individual slips, (ii) setting up of the Cedmg Seminar had taken place at Darjeeling in and Punching Cell, (iii) conduct of post September, 1969. The compulsive necessity enulIlcration check, (iv) publicity measures. to take an officer from the State cadre to man (v) cstablishment of Regional Tabulation the post of Director of Census Operations makes Offices, and (vi) the Tabulation Plan. the group truly cosmopolitan. And wedded as we all are to princip~es of Qational integra­ Il9. For a detailed account of the delibera­ tion, holding of Conferences in. diffe~ent parts tions that took place, and the decisions arrived of the country becomes imperative. So a place at, you may refer to the summary proceediI_lgs somewhere in the south was expected. The which run into 66 pages. I would mentIon choice of Courtallam and Kanyakumari were here in brief onl\', some of the important ideal. Courtallam is a very small place, deci~ions taken which were to have a bearing about 630 kilometres from Madras, and the on organisation of the ~ubse9ue~t .w?rk­ organiser~ must have been put to very many (a) In a time-bound operatlOn l!ke !ndlVl~ual difficulties in reaching essential supplies for a enumeration, it would be well lllgh ImpossIble fairly large group (over 50). The place is to meet last minute demand of forms and quiet and a sumDI4.r resort where community schedules. Therefore, the requirements should bath is the star attraction, and perhaps the be worked out very carefully in advance. main occupation also! The setting was ,ideal, (b) It is the desire of the Government to make both for serious confabulations and rest after available the Census data as early as possible the strain of organising houselisting operation. to the data-users. The tabulation and pu~li­ In a majority of States, house numbering and cation programme should be ch~l~ed out With houselisting operation was_ over by end of May, this end in view. (c) The provlSlonal popula­ 1970, and, therefore, a Conference in Tune, tion totals should be released on a fixed date 1970, to review it and think how best to bv all the Directors in a Press Conference. organise the main operation in the light of (d) An Abridged Houselist be prepared for experience gained was indicated. Dates every enumeration block which, apar! from around probable monsoon time in the western ensu-ring complete coverage at the tIme of ghats were considered most opportune in order individual count, would serVe as a frame for to enjoy the scenic beauty of the. ~aterfalls and all sample surveys during the. inter-Censal to derive benefits from the medicmal value of period. As regards (b), ~ ~etal~ed reference the water by taking community bath in. the would be made in the AdmmistratlOn Report­ public platforms constructed below the vanous Tabulation, so far as the aspect of quick tabu­ water-falls. There are small water-falls also. lation is concerned. It is too e~rly to ~ay_ remotely located, for the shy and the romantic! anything about the promptness With whIch Hence the 5-day Conference inaugurated by Census publications in printed form. would the Union Deputy Home Minister, Shri finally reach the data-users, there bemg very many imponderables. Reference to the extent K. S. Ramaswamy. took place from June 18 to to which decisions (a) and (c) were adhe~ed to 22, 1970. The drive from Courtallam to in the ultimate anal'ysis have been made.m the ]{anyakumari across the western ghats was a relevant sections. Here I would ?eal WIth the \'ery rewarding experience as it gave an insight need and preparation of the Abrtdged House­ into the culture and life of the people living lists only. down south and also enabled in appreciating 120. Abridged Houselists.-The unde~1yin1 the application of Census concepts and proce­ idea behind preparation of the AbrIdge dures in different parts of the country. Houselists was that it would ensure complete 54 coverage, its preparation being block-wise, and Appendix. XX) Details of n~ struct~res and after updating on the basis of actual position households were to be entered on a separate in the field at the time of individual count, it sheet. The questi0l:!: of agency for its prepara·. would serve as an ideal frame for all inter­ tion did not pose any problem: the patwaris Censal surveys. In view of the scriptory in rural areas and the staff of the local body work involved and absence of enumeration in urban areas were directed through the agency in position, the overwhelming opinion Collector of the district to prepare it in three in the Conference was not in favour of it copies. In actual practice, pn;paration of the being prescribed. I was, however, in favour Abridged Houselist reduced' the scriptory of preparation of the Abridged Houselists, work as would be apparent from the instruc­ alongwith Directors of Census Operations, ,West tions in Circular number 8 (see Appendix XX, Bengal and Punjab, as the document appeared paras 3 and 15 to 19). Printed forms· were to be purposeful. The Registrar-General, supplied and as the instructions envisage summing up the discussions, ~ade a ferv:wt preservation of the Abridg~d Houselists !or appeal to spare no efforts for Its preparatIOn the next 10 years, necessary ~teps are' bemg because of its utility from the point of view of taken to get them bound, suitably. ,,~long­ coverage and as a Census frame. with the Habitation Atlas, the Abndged' Houselists will serve as an ideal £ranie for all 121. The Abridged H~uselist was to have inter-Censal surveys. three parts. (Its format may be seen in CHAPTER XIV

CENSUS HIERARCHY-FORMATION OF ENUMERATION BLOCKS

122. The district machinery is the kingpin 12_5. At the houselisting stage, it was not for the successful conduct of the Cen!>m Open­ c?n.sl.dered necessary to associate the sub­ dlvlSlonal officers and the onh' otlier effective tions ; .therefore, an independent officer to deal with the' subject o£ Census at the district level Census functi?ua.ry at the Sl.,ipervisorr level is ab~olutely necessary. At the tilDe (If the below the Dlstnq Census Officer was the 1961 Census, the State Government had Ch~rge Superintendent. Every Tahsildar was created 33 additional posts of Deputy Collec­ deslgnated as the Charge Superintendent in tors, this time after making a review of respect o~ all the areas in his tahsil except existing strength of assistants available to the to,":ns havmg a .population of above 2;'),000 for Collectors in each district, onh 11 posts of WhICh the Clnef Executive Officer of the urban body was notified as the Chalge Superin­ Deputy Collectors and made we~e' cr<:ate~l tendent. But at the time of individual available to the £ollowmg dlstncts:- enumeration, it was felt that it would be best to associate every available field offidal so as 1. Morena 2. Bhind 3. Satna 4. Shahdol to ensure a~equat,: .and effective supervision .. 5. .Jhabua 6. Dbar 7. Dewas 8. Therefore, In addItIon to the sub .. divisional Khandwa (East Nimar) 9. Raigarh 10. officers,. District Statistical Officers, District EducatIOn Officers. Additional Tahsildals Raisen, and 11. :Bastar. Naib-Tahsildars, Superintendent. of Land Re~ords. Revenue I~sp~ctors, etc., were got 123. The practice in our State has b~n to notified as Deputy DIstnct Census Officers or designate a senior and experienced Deputy Additional/Deputy / Assistant Charge Superin­ Collector as the District Census Officer. At tendents, depending on the functions assigned my behest, the State Government issued and the area in their charge. instructions to the effect that the District Census Officers should not be burdened with 126. Our. State i!1 its prt!Sent name and other work and that it' would be advantageou$ form caII_le. ID to bemg on November I 1956 to keep the Land Records Section in his charge br combmmg the 17 districts o{ Mah~k08hai (Appendix XXI). area of the ~rst-while Part A State know~ as· Central ProvlDces and Berar, with the Part n· State known as Madhya Bharat (minus small 124. In some of the States; the practice is areas), Part C State known as Vinilll\'a Pradesh to notif~; the Deputy Commissioner i Collector / the. Sironj sub-division of District Ko~ District Magistrate as the District Census (!taJasthan) and the Bhopal Chief Commis­ Officer. 1£ this practice is being followed slOnery. The different units hrouo-ht with only with a view to have the stamp of his them varying sizes of districts and t<~hsils and' authority for alt Census anangements, one has as yet no !eorgani~at~on has taken place to· nothing to say. But it is certainly not possible make the SlZe of dlstncts and tahsils more or for this bus~ functionary to take direct ch~\"ge less uniform. This factual position nece~sitat­ of all matters connected with the effiClent ed c.reation. of additional charges in respect of conduct ()f the Census Operations. And it is tahs~ls whIch were very hig, in addition to doubtful whether he can have the time to sign speClal charges which too are essential when all the appointment letters of lower Census the head of the institution/undertaking is an functionaries in pursuance of delegation of officer very much above in rank to the Tahsil­ power in his favour under sub-section (4) of d~r. As a matter of fact, the higgest tahsil, Section 4 of the Census Act, 1948. Bl(aspur (population 840,6:1:;) is bigO'cr than Generally a delegated power cannot be fm:ther eighteen districts I Therefore, on grgunds of delegated. Even if this strictly legal a~pect is efficient conduct of field operations, a total of not considered, it is perhaps best not to burden 279 charges were approved. The list, district­ the top district functionary with the ~outine, wise, may please be seen in :\ppendix XXII. day-to-day, care of the Census OperatiOns. 56

127. Delineation of Enumerators' Blocks.­ uniform population size.. A vastly spread out After conclusion of the Houselisting Opera. State like ours, which is biggest in area in the . tions in May, 1970, Circular number 8 was country with a low density of .population, does issued on 22-7-70, giving instructions to the not permit attainment of the ideal of blocks of Charge Officers to delineate the enumerator5' approximately 750 p~pulation in the rural Blocks and Supervisors' Circles on the basis of areas and about 600 population in the urban population figures made available by the areas. The houselist population of 40,451,182 Houselists. Columns 5, 6, 10, II and 15 of (34,280,558 rural apd 6,170,624 urban) at the Charge Registers (provisional) were to be first sigbt had suggested 45,707 blocks in rural corrected wherever necessary to carve out blocks areas and 10,284 blocks in urbaQ. areas. But of uniform population .size as far as possible finally we had 71,160 rural blocks and 11,825 and the required personnel was also to be urban blocks allotted to 62, 255 enumerators, finalised. This circular was very important keeping in view contiguity and the :primary as it dealt with finalisation of field arrange­ objective of not mixing up parts of villages in ments for the count of individuals. It may be the charge of an enumerator in order to ensure seen at Appendix XX. uniformity of workload. Appendix XXIII gives the number of regular as well :is reserve 128. Despite the best efforts, it was not enumerators and supervisors appointed in each possible to carve out blocks of more or less district. CHAPTER XV

TRAINING OF ENUMERATION PERSONNEL

.129. Census methodology the world over has enumeration and come prepared with what­ !ald great stress on timely and adequate train­ ,ever . proble.m~ th~t they may encounter while mg of the enumeration agepcy. This aspect makmg entnes In the slips, or in eliciting of Census. taking has always occupied a very correct reply from the respondents. On the high priQrity with the organisers (,f Census second occasion, the use of roll up black· board operations in our State. Availabilitv. of a was made. After first explaining the manner sho~t. period of two months only between the in which various replies were to be entered in declSlon to take a Census_ (8-9-1866) and the the slip, the general practice followed was to reference date (m~dnight of 5/6-11-1866) did ask for difficulties, if any. Usually there wu not deter the orgamsers of the 1866 Censu~ from no response. This could be either due to conducting an experimental Census in a few everyone being extra brilliant and therefore villages and towns. had understood all that was told; alternatively, none had followed anything and hence no diffi­ 130. The training clas~¢s organised at the culties. But the real position was somewhere time of houselisting operations had clearly between these two extremes and what was demonstrated the need for very intensive required was to somehow break the stony training of the enumeration persoimel. Des­ silence of those present. The gimmick of pite the exhaustive. instructions in the Booklet, creating doubt by way of hypothetical situa­ and Circular number 5 by way of amplification, tions was, therefore, practised and one by one Dew situations were posed by the trainees on majority of those present were called to the basis of peculiarities of a region necessita­ record answers on the roll up black board. ting issue of further instructions of a general This procedure helped very much in removing nature. In other words, the training sessions the doubts and difficulties of the trainers were in the nature of an education for the which was essential before they could be organisers also. When this was the ('xperience entrusted with the task of imparting training with the comparatively limited personnel to a group of approximately 50 enumerators engaged at the time of houselistillg operations, and supervisors. it was felt that an elaborate training pro­ gramme is a must before individual enumera­ 132. As observed earlier, the net was thrown tion when the strength of Census functionaries very wide to enlist as trainers as many officers would be nearly five times. . The~efore, as were readily and willingly available in a detailed instructions were issued vzde Gucular district. In respect of special charges like numher 9 on 15-10-70. Prior to it, two com­ strictly military areas, defence establishments, munications were issued in early October, 1970, 1. T. B. P. Units, railway colonies, colliery pointing OUt the desirability of widening the towns, industrial units, etc., the choice was left net to have as many 'trainers' as possible who to the head of the organisation to decide should be asked to go through the pages of beforehand whether an official of· his orgamsa­ the booklet "Instructions for filling in the tion would be imparting training to the Individual Slip" very carefully before the first supervisors and enumerators, or he would like a 'trainers' training' in early November, 1970. Census official, generally the Deputy Director of Census Operations, to give training to 131. The training programme was in two members of his staff detailed to work as super­ stages. Initially, in the month of November, visors and enumerators. This facilitv was 1970, the 'trainers' were made to disccuss thread­ given because the number of supervisors and bare on two occasions the instructions contained enumerators in respect of quite a few special in the Booklet and Circular number 10 issued in charges was as little as below 20. It was felt the last week of October, 1970. It was emphasis­ that it would be unfair to make an official 01 ed in the first get together that as there is no the organisation first master the instructions substitute for 'on the job training' \ everyone and then give training to a handfnl of emp­ ;hould fill at least 25 slips by way of prac~ice loyees who were to work as. supervisors and 58 enumerators. Quite a few special charges, (I) (~) (3) especially defence establishments and colliery towns, took advantage of this facility and tr~'in­ 5 10-11-1970 HDBhangabad ing was given to personnel of such units either 6 I 1-11-1970 Bhopal by the Deputy Director of Census Operations 7 12-11-1970, SehlJre 8 18-11-1970 ' Durg. or by the Charge Officer of the tahsil in which 9 19-11-1970 Raipur the special charge was located. 10 20-11-1970 Kanker 11 21-11-1970 JagdaIplir 133. The second stage of the· training 12 24-11-1970 Bilaspur 13 26-11-1970 Jabalpur . programme consisted of imparting of training 14 27-11-1970 Bhopal to the supervisors and. enumerators by the 15 28-11-1970 Sehore trainers in group~ of about 50. An honest 16 7-12-1970 Damoh endeavour was made to limit the numbel' of 17 8-12-1970 Panna 18 9-12-1970 Satna trainees to approximately 50 and to give only 19 10-12-1970 Rewa one group to a trainer. The task to be 20 11-12-1970 Chhatarpur performed by the trainer was to not only make 21 22-12-1970 Rl\igarh those put in his charge thoroughly Cl.'lneIsant 22 23-12-1970 Bhanpura 23 24-12-1970 Neemuch with the instructions to fill in the individual 24 26-12-1970 Ratlam slip and other related records but also to do 25 27-12-1970 Dhar field supervision during the nineteen-day 26 27-12-1970 Jhabua enumeration period and ensur.e prompt des­ 27 29-12-1970 Indore 28 4-2-1971 VidiBha patch of records to the Charge Officer for 29 4-2-1971 Raisen quick compilation of provisional figures. The 30 8-2-1971 Shahdo1 principle of 'one trainer-one group' was 31 9-2-1971 Anibikaplir 32 10-2-1971 Raigarh adopted to avoid confusion in the field agency 33 15-2-1971 Guna that may arise due to different methods of 34 16-2-1971 Shivpuri training and var:ying interpretations to Census 35 17-2-1971 Dalia concepts that may be given in training classes 36 18-2-1971 Tikamgarh 37 19-2-1971 Sagar conducted by different persons. Further, the 38 22-2-1971 Hoshangabad principle enabled inculcation of a feeling of 39 22-2-1971 Betul responsibility among the trainers. 40 23-2-1971, Chhindwara 41 23-2-1971 Seoni 134. Unifonnity of concepts and approach 42 24-2-1971 Balaghat 43 25-2-1971 Mandla among the field personnel was accomplished 44 26-2-1971 Narsimhapur through advance preparation of training pro­ 45 3-3-1971 Gwalior gramme of each group in a district. A 46 5-3-1971 Dewas 47 6-3-1971 Khargone minimum of four training clas~es were con­ 48 7-3-1971 Ujjain. templated, spread ov.er the four fortnights in the months of December, 1970, and January,' 1971. A model training programme o£ a large 136. The hectic touring done in the months sized district was circulated to depict the of November-December, 1970, February, 1971. manner in which either the Deputv Directors and the first week of March, 1971 (the month of Census Operations or the District Census of January, 1971, was left free for the Chief Officer could conveniently attend at least one Electoral Officer to organise training classes for training class of every group. the mid-~erm poll) enabled me to personally conduct at least one training class in 39 out of 135. Training programmes of every district 43 districts. More than one training class was in the State were obtained in the Head Office conducted in the districts of Khandwa. Indore. also so that apart from attending as many Gwalior, Hoshangabad, Sehore, Bastar and classes as was possible, surprise visits (QuId also Mandsaur; at ~e same time, the districts of be paid. I condu~ted training classes Morena, Bhind, Sidhi and Shajapur could not personally at the followmg centres:- be visited, although at the time of the h"use­ listing operations, I had been to all these four Place places. Not being accustomed to continuous S.No. Date (II) (3) speaking for long hours, the strain of it was (1 ) inevitably felt in the ;first month of continu9uS 1 2-11-1970 Khandwa speaking, i.e., November, 1970. and I los~ my 2 3-11-1970 Burhanpur speech temporarily on reaching Raipur on 3 4-11-1970 Indore 18-11-1970. This turned out to be a blessing 4 6-11-1970 Gwalior in disguise because the State Government was on the Census of Central Provinces and Feucia­ searching me frantically to secur,e immediate, tories by B. Robertson refers to the over- release -of Shri K. C; Dubey, Deputy Director,' . ..;. z-€alousness in one instance when "the whole of for appointment as Under Secretary in the the superior staff was got together all~ put Chief Mipister's Secretariat. As I could not through a written examination in the Census· speak on the telephone, telegrams and messages circulars and instructions". But such a course were exchanged till my return to headquarters is not feasible when the number of Census. on 27-U-70. Thereafter, the pressure gradu­ functionaries is in the neighbourhood of eighty ally built up and finally Shri K. C. Dubey had' thousand. So the next best course of limiting to be relieved on 5-1-1971 (A."N.) and in his the training classes to around 50, emphasis On place Shri: M. L. Patil .joined as Deputy practice enumeration and prescribing of'. an Director, intharge Coding and Punching Cell Attendance Register was followed. The on 7-1-1971 (F.N.). I am glad to state here Collectors were requested not LO grant ex('mp­ that although Shri K. C. Dubey's deparrure was tions from the training classes once the' a loss to me, as he was the only Deputy, personnel was finalised and the official had Director with field experience of the 1961 attended the initial training clas,. The St.ate Census, it was of persorial benefit to him in that Government was kind enough to issue general he has since been appointed on a cadre post orders to the effect that transfers of personnel of the Indian Administrative Service conse­ engaged for Census work should not be effected. quent to his inclusion in the Select List for . without prior approval of the Collector of the appointment to the Indian Administrative concerned district (See Appendix XXIV). Service. 137. Roll-up black boards.-A total of 700 roll~up black boards, with the individual slip boldly printed on it, were purchas,ed and dis­ 139. No undue enthusiasm was diM:ermble' among the Census functionaries; the majority tributed to the district machinery. No doubt of them took to the Census work as an un­ a roll-up black board could not be giv~n. to - avoidable part of their duty. All the same.. every trainer, but then the dates of traInIng classes were not identical and adjoining the training classes did show a keen insight and trainers could make do with one roll-up black readiness to learn on the part of some of the' supervisors and enumerators.' And the extra­ board. This was certainly possible in urban diligent was worried about who will fill his, centres. The training centres were d

du<: to 'person~l antipathy, or as a result of clerks also in one or two cases avoided appro­ .theIr mIsconceIved notion about the purpose aching terrifying officials and filled up forms, of Census taking. Enumerated below ale at any rate at the. final Census, on the informa- _ soine of these experiences: (a) A ladv in tion given by servants with the result that such Lashkar, Gwalior City, when asked to answer people complained of not having been counted". ~he. .question~, tried to snatch the paDatia district, an proceed on tour, they will be left out_ Some enumerator had to read OUt the penal provi­ felt jittery when the enumerator did not reach sions of the Census Act to the head of a house~ their house within :the first few days_ It had ~old in. ord.er ~o elicit replies, (c) An ex-Jagirdar to be explained to the sceptics of the above m Datla distrIct refused to divulge the names type that they would not be left out, that the of female members of his family on the enumerator has been allotted about 120 houses ground that they were 'purdah-nashin', (d) A and he would be· covering his beat before the few individuals in Shivpuri district were end of the 19-day enumeration peTiod, that if reluctant to divulge the names of all their _ they are out on tOlir, their slip will be filled chil~ren for fear of Family Planning workers on the basis of information that will be gettmg hold of them for necessary operation, obtained from some responsible member of his (e) In Ratlam district, the 'natra' mode of family. But then there were some genuine marriage created an interesting situation, as complaints of non-coverage also and immediate the present husband was very keen to see that steps were taken to ensure that slips of those he was not entered as the father of his wife's who have been left out were filled. In this children by the previous husband, (f) In Indore context, I vividly remember, the efforts of a district, a member of the Bagn Scheduled journalist who must have rimg me up at least -Caste was reluctant to get himself recorded as on three occasions to point. out that the enume- 'Bagri' because during Princely State regime, . rator had not yet visited him. Enquiries Bagris came to _ be identified with thieves, showed that the complaint was true and that (g) Also in Indore district, one individual the enumerator was playing truant with him. refused to answer the question on 'main The supervisor was the_refore directed to fill activity' in the fear that some tax may be levied the slip at the time of the revisional round. on him after indirectly ascertaining his income, 150. Complaints of non-coverage.-=-COmp­ (h) In Jabalpur City, some ladies in defence taints : of non-coverage from the members of establishments initially posed as graduates, but the public, true oro. false, were in any case the degree-holders' card exposed them and welcome. Apart from being a pointer to they quickly revealed their true educational public awareness, it helped in keeping . the qualification, (i) some members of the Sche­ enumeration agency on its toes and indirectly duled Caste in Balaghat district felt _ dis­ assisted in complete coverage. The arrange­ appointed when they were not recorded as ments made for very close supervision of the Scheduled Caste in view of their having work of the enumerators also helped_ A, embraced Buddhism, (j) Some highly placed, stated in para 133, the trainers had to conti­ educated individuals in urban areas, officials nuously tour in the areas of enumerators as well as non-officials, busy though they may trained by them (about 50) during the enume­ be, had scant respect for the time of the ration period and in this way one more tier enumerator and made him pay frequent visits was added between the Charge Officer and the to their home before the slips could be finally Supervisor to keep a watch on the doings of filled and the completed degree-holders' card the enumerators. But despite all possible obtained. precautions, it was not possible to eliminate J4? But, on the whole, the respome of the errors wholly and one did come across mistakes publ.lc was very good due to which it was in the filled in individual slips at the time pOSSible to ensure complete coverage in time. of editing in the Regional Tabulation Offices. Some complaints of noIicoverage were received Some of the common errors found were: from cities but these were mostly· as a result (a) Although the name and other particulars of lack of knowledge of Census methodology suggested that the slip was of a male or female, and procedures. It would not be out of place the opposite sex was recorded against question to narrate here the experience of enumerators 3, .(b) the full name of place of birth and/or in 1931 mentioned by Mr. W. H. Shoobert· in district were written in questions 7 and 8, his Administration Report. Says he, "Nervous although the place(s) happened to be the same as place of enumeration and/or within the *W. H. Shoobert ; "Administration Report of the district of enumeration, ·(c) even tbough Census Department of Central Provinces & Berar", Census entries in question 7 indicated migration, the of India, 1931 : Administrative Volume: Para 44. page 16 . Centra! Provinces Government, Nagpur : 1933. entry in question 8 (a) was made as 'fu' (d) more than two languages were entered in The eDlmlerator IlIlIng up the Individual .11p of Shrf Satya Nara:yan Sinha. Gcmomor of Madhya Pradesh.

Bbrl Bbya_ 011 ...... " Shukl.. , Chief :MIn .... Madbya l'raa""h. an... vrtn., the queatlolUl of the enumerator. Shrl A. K .. Pandya, Director, Is alia Been 1ft the plt:;ture. 63 question 15 and in many cases the mother­ the highest wage.earner. One can tongue was repeated in answer to this question, hardly question' this in a cOuntry like·· ours "Where t:.he joint family system is still {e) all t~e sub-parts of tliC question were filled in vogue and respect for the elders is In questlOns 16 and 17 although the entry was cultivatorjagricultural labourer, conversely, sacrosanct. But the further instruction the sub-pa1;ts of -questions 16 and 17 were not that "irt the case of absence of a normal filled even when the entry was household 'head', the person on whom the responsi­ industry / other workers. . bihty of managing the affairs of the house­ hold falls, should be regarded as the head" . 151. In~vidual ~slip.-The individual slip created ~me ambiguity. Was tempo­ IS the maIn Censlis schedule. It has glown rary absence of the normal head through­ from a modest !J.aJf-a-dozen questions in the out the e~umeration period to result in Censuses of the 19th Century to 17 main recording of answers on the basis of the question!: in thIS Ccmus. 1£ thp. sub-parts are new temporary head? The instructions also counted, then tile total number of questions were silent on this point and when this com~ to 34 as ag~inst 13 main qnestiom (24 in matter was raised in one 'of the training all) In the 1961 Cens1Is "Before di8cussing the classes, it was clarified that temporary response flf the r.ublic to the ".nious questions absence of the normal head should be and the extent of reliance that can be placed ignored and relationship ,~o the head be on the data collected, it would be wmthwhile recorded keeping in vi~w the normal to pen down the' new features of the individual head even though there may be no slip of ,lip as adopted this time vis-a-vis the 1961 the head of the household as a conse­ format. At the behest of the Family Planning quence of his/her continuous absence Organisation, a question· was included to find from the place of normal residence out from every currently married woman thro~gho.ut the en,!men~tion period. This whether any child was born in the last year (to clat"lfica~Ion was gIVen ~n the light of the be computed from 'holi' of 1970). For Tabu!atIon Plan whIch envisaged pre­ knowing intermediate migration, a question on paratIon of separate tables CI-Part B (i) 'last residence' was inserted between place of and B (ii) in respect of households where birth and duration.at the place of enumera­ the head is a male or female. It is not tion. The economic questions, which are uncommon, at least in urban areas, for very important and at the same time difficult the male ~ead of the household to go on long contmuous tours. If their tempo­ of interpretation, were recast to have a clear idea about the main activity and subsidiary rary, ab~ence was to result in recording of theIr WIves as head of the household then work, if any, of every indivIdual. The con­ there would have been an unn~tural ceptual change in the definition of a 'worke!' increase in households having females as necessitated a quick re-survey of the economIC ~ead. The instruction in resoect of ques­ questions on the basis of the 1961 and 1971 tions 8 and 9 (place of last residence and definitions of 'worker' so that the data collected duration of residence at the pla~e of in the two Censuses may become comparable. enumeration) quite clearly stated that 152. Many have .often wondered about the temporary residence and absence should extent of reliability that can be placed on the not be considered; on the same analogy data collected at the time of the Census. In it 'was felt that no inaccuracy· should b~ view of the comprehensive nature of our Census allowed to creep in on account of tempo­ and the level of literacy of the :esJ?OIldents .as rary absence on business etc. of the head well as of the enumerators, certaIn maccuracies of the household. I am not aware how in the data compiled are bound to be there, other States have treated this sifuation' This subject would be given a detailed treat­ the phenomena of absen~e of male head ment in the General Report, Parts IA and lB. of th~ housholds is common :md, there­ Here onlv a passing reference is. being made to . for.e, It would be best if clear instructions the questions, the answers to whIch are not free ar~ given on this point to ensure unifor­ mIty. trom inaccuracies: ~) Age.-One of the very important data '(a) Relationship to head.-The instructions stipulated that answers ~opld be record­ that is collected during the Census rela­ ed keeping in view relationship to the tes to a~e. Unfortunately, this data is person whom the members of the house­ most defective and the general tendency hold reg~ as their head, and not who is is to give an age ending with '5' or '0'. And in great maiority of cases, the res­ made available to every enumerator as pondent is unable to answer the question a part of his Census packet. I have no and leaves it to the enumerator to record quarrel with th~se instructJions, nor with his age. A typical situation is like what the further direction that 'do not write the enumerator of Khilchipur had to the names of ~ch~duled Castes or Sche­ face. When he questioned a village duled Tribes -in general tenns like 'Woman about her age, he got the follow­ Harijan, Achchut, Adiwasi'. Tbis was ing reply: "I was born - when the wed­ very -necessary to prevent circumvention ding of the deceased King took place. of area restriction. But at the tabula­ Now you calculate". Precisely to meet tion 5tage entries like H~rijan. Adiwasi. such cOiltingencies, the Collectors of the etc., which were still fourid despite clear district~ were requested to prepare a Ii8t instIl.lctions~ were directed to be classifi­ of !mp<'rtant events and to give a copy ed as Scheduled Caite or SCheduled of It to every enumera!or so that he may Tribe unclassified, as the caSe may be. enter the age of the respondent with But so far as the total population is referen~ to the imoortant event after concerned, ,they havt; been treated as necessary deduction· whenever age in Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe. It specifi~c yea~ is not stated. This proce­ is understandable tli~t many illiterate dure Itself IS not free from bias towards Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe may age ending around '5' or '0'; but in the not be in a position to give exactly the prevailing large scale illiteracy in the Caste or Tribe to -which they belong and country there is no alternative method it wOldd be unfair not to treat them as for ascertaining age. Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe_ But the danger of area restriction stiP4- (c) Any child born in the la$t one year.-The lated in the Presidential Order gettinF; instructions required netting of all live circumvented has also to be kept in view. births irrespective of whether the child Tht! enumerator is trained and told cate­ was alive 6'f not at the time of enumera­ gorically to record tpe answers as given tion. The delicate pature of the enquiry by the respondents. lie 00" no. discI!!­ ;Jnd the unperstandable hesitation to talk tion which is no dopb~ a very correct about a- child no more in this world make decision. A Schedllled' Ciiste/Scheduled the data conected of limited utility only. Tribe resoondent hit bv area restriction can, despite all persuasive efforts of the (d) Place of birth and last re$idence.-No enumerator. insist on g-eneral terms li\~ doubt the instructions were v~ dear, Harijan, Acbchut. Adiwasi etc.. and but part (b) of both. the qu~stions re­ thus -boost up the total population of quired tha~ st~tQS of the pla~e, whether Scheduled -Castes/Scheduled Tribes. rural or urban, be written as at the time Whether the principle of area restriction of birth and last residence. Now when is basicaIlv sound - or not is a different in majority of cases the respcmdent is question altogether. A 13m is 1W doubt not able to give correctly his own age. before the Parliament to have a fresh to expect that he would know whether look at the matter; hut SQ 10tI¥ ~s the the place of his birth and last residence area restriction 'is there, it is doubtful were rural or urban at the rel~an.t time, whether treatment of general terms like· is to take too optimistic a view of the Hadian. Achchut, Adiwasi. etc., as abHity of ~he respondents. . Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe nn­ classified is justifiable. -Viewed from thill (e) Scheduled Castes jScheduled Tribes.- angle, the Ilata collected on Scheduled In the light of the judgement of the Castes IScheduled Tribes is not free from Supreme Court (Appendix XXVI), it built in inaccuracy. was instructed that synonym or generic name should not be considered and only those individuals should be recorded a'l (f) Main acUvity.-The conceptual change in helonging to a Scheduled Gaste/Sche­ the treatment of an individual as a duled Tribe in question 11 who J!;ive a 'worker' in this Census has resulted· in name which is included in the Presiden­ bringing' down the percentage of workers tial order. A different spellill~ was also to total ponulation from 52.!I per cent not permissible. To ensure strict com­ in 1961 to 36.'1 per cent this time. And pliance of the above orders, districtwise amon!!'st workers. a significant develop­ lists of recognised Scheduled C'Istes I ment is la~e-scale shift 0{ female workers Scheduled Tribes were prepared and from cultivation to agricultural labour. SlId JL" D. Ballal. Deputy Reciatrar-GeneraJ. Il\dia. lookln. Into the entries In DetrNe Koldaa ..4 Technical personnel carda In the" ~nal Tabulation OftIce at Indont. Shd M. Y. Kolker. . Deputy Director. Is "also aeated. 65

This phenomena was noticed in every . villages having retumed 2.000 -t- during State at the time of release of provisional houselisting).· But additio:pal demaiulS population figures and, therefore, the were received from almos~ every district Regisitrar-General, I'ndia, ordered a re­ and a further .3 lac cards were got print~ survey of economic questions on the basis ed .,at the State Government Press and of instructions of the 1961 and 1971 dist~ibuted before eIllUlIUeralt,'iQri began. Census. This re-survey was limited to But· the final response has been pretty the blocks of post enumeration check. , poor, and after repeated. efforts only only (290 in our State) and tabulation 1,53,462 cards could be collected. work is in progress.. It is too early to sav at this stage whether the data on On top of poor response, there is the further working population is accurate or not. unfortunate aspect of incorrect and irresponsible This subj~t will be dealt with at length filling of the card. Part of the blame. but in the General Report, Part I-A. I have a very small part, can no doubt be laid on the made a passing reference here only to Census authorities for printing the card in highlight the wide. variation that has ?~en English only and in small size with letter-types no~iced in the number and composItion ~at were not easy to read. But the major of the 'Working population. blame squarely rests on the respondents, most of whom perhaps did not .realise the impor­ (g) Secondary work.-This question was to be canvassed among workers as well as tance of the dcita that was" being collected Some indulged in frivolous replies and one card non·workers. It is common knowledge to that due to economic hardships, many that readily comes my mind was of a female graduate who answered the subject of her employees, especially at the lower rung, both in the public as well as prtvate specialisation as "firing the husband", if employed, how, as "self-employed·' and her sector, do additional work, generally in their spare time, to make both ends meet. salary as "entire salary of the husband" I ;May be the replies truly reflect the state of affairs They are even literate but still carry the fear that disclosure of additional avenues in the house, but then such replies have hardly helped in the type of analysis that was actually of their ··-employment may . result in contemplated. In short, the data thrown up disciplin'arv action. Th;ere1lp~. ~ , by the Degree Holders and Technical Personnel rally such individuals do not ilisclose their secondary work.. This tendency Cards is hardly reliable and it would be best not to canvass it alongwith the intlividual slip was noticed in this Census also and to this extent the data on secondary work at the next Census. is inaccurate. 153. The data collected in the individual (h) Degree Holders and Technical Personnel slip is no doubt confidential a~d this fa.<;t. is Cards.-To every jndividual who had widely publicised through vaClous pubbClty given a degree or a technical diploma as media. The main purpose is to encourage his educational qualification, the instruc­ every respondent to give true and,. factual tions stipulated that a card should be rephes, . irrespective of the legal pOSitIOn, so left by the enumerator which should be that proper development plans for the futu!e coUected at the time of the revisional can be prepared. Wit~ this very intention 10 round. In the 1961 Census, the card wa't mind it was drummed lOto the ears of every to be filled and despatched by the res­ enun:erator during the training classes that they pondents by post. The response was 'must record answers as given by the respon~ quite poor and therefore this time it dents, that although they may pro~e f';lrther in was considered best to collect the cards a bid to elicit the correct reply 1D beu of a through the enumerators. The result palpably false reply that may be given initially. has not been any better despite great they have no discretion to record answers on emphasis placed on the proper filling and the basis of their personal knowledge. It was return of the cards in the context of further enjoined that whenever any respondent unemployment among the educated. desired to see the answers that were recorded Initially three lac cards were rec.:eived in his slip, the slip should be shown and by and this was certified as adequate in the way of acknowledgement, his signatur~s should light of the 1961 figures which gave be obtained on the back of the. slIp. .'But total number of science graduates and despite these instructions, complamts of wIlful technical personne] as only 54.286 (The mischief .against a· few enume~a!~rs were card was canvassed in urban area,~ and received, Prompt steps were InItIated to 66

make necessary. enquiries in order to take Appendix XXVIII is given the time of receipt cprrective ai;tio~.. .Out of about_ a dozen of provisional figures in our office from the Complaints (this figure is by no means large districts. In this Appendix, district~wise when one considers the strength of the enume­ variation of provisional and final population rators in the State which was 62,255), only two figures are also given. As against the provi­ were found to be true. One related to wrong sional population figut:e of 41,650,684 the final recording of religion and the other regarding population after detailed -soi-ting for the incorrect entries about mother-tongue. The Primary Cen!Jus abstract came to 41,654,119 action of the enumerator appeared - to be reflecting a nominal variation of 0.008 per cent deliberate in one case only and he was imme­ only. The position of other States in this diately replaced. Wrong entries in both the respect is given in Appendix. XXIX. instances were got corrected through the concerned supervisor. The other complaints 157. The provisional figures could be com­ were in fact in the nature of representations municated in time due to two reasons: requesting for modification of instructions. (a) Acceptance of my proposal by the Suitable replies were sent in each case. -- Registrar-General to re-imburse P. o. L­ 154. The largest number of complaints charges of a 'jeep made .availab!e to e':ery usually relate to recording of mother-tongue Charge Officer by the State Government and religion. The number of complaints for two days; and (b) tbe co·operation of were perhaps negligible in our State because the Police headquarters in permitting there is no boundary dispute with any of the liberal Use of its wireless system. seven neighbouring States. Further, no organised movement on the religion fr~nt came 158. Release of provisional figures.-In to notice which could lead to complamts and accordance with the discussions at the Court­ counter-<:omplaints. allam Conference and Registrar-General's decision communicated on 19-3-71, the, provi­ ] 55. Enumeration in special cases.-Enume­ sional figures of each State were to be released ration in special ~reas, and of the houseless, the by the Registrar-General in the form of Paper nomads and the defence personnel did not pose 1 of 1971 on 12-4-71 in a Press Conference. any problem. Intimation was received in The State Directors were to similarly _release time ftom the railway authorities about pilgrim district-wise figures on 20-4-71. This schedule specials which were to halt at stations in -?lir was strfcdy followed by the Registrar-General's State on the night of ,31st March. As agamst office and by quite a few States. Some of the intimation of three, only one special train halted States released their - Paper I earlier than and staff from the office was deputed to enume­ 20-4-71 with lesser_ number of tables than rate the passengers. There_ are __ no. non­ prescribed as a result of which pressure synchronous areas in the. State. Ev~n m the mounted for similar early release. But I highly inaccessible Abh~Jmarh tract III Bas~ar did not change _the time-schedule and released district where enumeratIOn commenced earher the figures in the form of Paper I of 1971 on in Feb~uary, 1971, the completion of work was 20-4-71 only with all the seven tables_ . A synchronous with other parts o~ the. Stat~. Supplement was brought out on 28-5-71 t~ gIve Inhabited by the Adiwasis, the .vIllages Of thls details of various tables for every tahsIl and tract are· spread over three tahslJs-Dantewa~a, town: and ~n- additional table was included to Bijapur and Narainpur. A total populatIOn ~ve da-ta on Census houses and households. of 13945 is spread over .177 villages and ~he only means of transport IS by foot. In v~ew 159. Paper 1 of 1971 and its suppltmC?t.­ of reports of depredations caused by man-eatmg The Paper and its Supplemen~ were w.ldely tigers, some of the enumerators. had to . be appreciated, bot~ by the ofliClal machmery given _ assistance - of l~cal shlkar part~es. and private orgam~atIOns. A large ~umber of Despite all this, enumeratIOn, as stated earbe~. requests Were received to make avaIlable th~, was synchronous. publicil_tions even on payment. As only a 156. Communication of provisional total~.­ limited number of copies were got ready fen The communication of provisional populatIOn distribution on .complilllentary basis, our figUres is a healthy race. amo~g the ~t,ates. inability to accede to the reques! h~d to Qe The Registrar-General had, suggested 6t~ C'orinnunicated 'to- many orgamsahons. ~t March for communication of figures and hili would be better if from the next Census puhh­ wish _. was fulfilled. As a matter of fact, (;mr cations relating to provisio~

tOO. The Census Act, 1948 (Act No. electoral majorities at the Centre and in 15 XXXVII of 1948), enacted immediately after out of 21 States. But all the same, it will be­ attainment of independence continues to be an unsound policy to rely too much on tact the legal basis for the taking of a Census. and good sense. It would be best to make There have been only two very minor amend­ necessary amendments in the Act and to ments of the Act in 1949 and 1959, respectively, f?rtify . the various stages of the Census opera­ and. therefore. the lacunae pointed out by t~ons lIke pre-tests, house-listing, post-enumera­ Shri A. Mitra. in the Administration Report hon check, etc., with the power of the law. of West Bengal of 1951 and by my predecessor. Shri G. Jagathpathi, are still there. The Act ] 62. C. P. and Berar Local Authorities, is alright in so far as it provides the adminis­ Census Expenses Contribution Act.-The tration with requisite powers for the taking of Central Provinces and Berar Local Authorities a Census and to' proceed against recalcitraI?t Census Expenses Contribution Act, 1949. which elements who do not co-operate. But It was extended to the present State bv the suffers from the following lacunae and is not Madhra Pradesh Extension of Laws Act. No. 23 unequivocal on the following matters:- flf 1958, continues to be on the Statute book. This Act empowers the State Government to (a) The Act does not permit taking of a recover portion of expenses incurred in con­ sample Census and house-listing. as also nection with the taking of the Census from conduct of the post-enumeration check. the local bodies. Now Censu!I is a union subject and financial liability of the State (b) The powers of appointment are limited Government is limited to publication cost of to "Census Officers" only; it would be ~he District Censu~ Handbooks and stationery better if accepted Census terminologies Items for preparatlOn of the General Village / like Charge Officers, Supervisors, Enume­ Town Registers. The expenditure on build­ rators, etc. are clearly defined in the Act. ing' numbering in the rural and the urban (c) The Act fails to make it clear that [or areas is borne by the respective local bodies. the time a person is engaged in taking Thus there is hardly any item of expenditure' training and preparing for the Census in connection with the Census operation a according to the programme drawn lip portion of which the State Government may by his Census Superior such a person like to recover from the local bodies. I am is required to be paid in fun by the not aware if the provisions of the Act were employer as though he were on duty. invoked in the 1961 Census and any amount There is the related question of whether recovered from the local bodies. What I am such an employer can term!inate 'the trying to drive at is that the Act hardly serves services of an employee who has been anv purpose and is more or less a dead letter employed in r.onnection with the Census and perhaps it would be better to remove it and who ha!'l to do the work under the from the Statute book. law. 163. In the existing Municipal Act and the 161. Not that there was any difficulty this Gram Panchayat Act, there are provisions for time in the conduct of the various Census naming of streets, numbering of houses and' operations in the State. In fact, the need to rendering assistance in the conduct of Censm take recourse to the penal provisions of the operations. These provisions were made use­ Act was never felt and no prosecutions were of in ensuring that -the local bodies make launched this time as against 5 in 4 districts in adequate provision for expenditure on house 1961. And now that Census functionaries are numbering. Here I may mention that whereas mostly official employees, one does not envisage the smaller local bodies never raised the ques­ difficulties like non-pa)'ment of salary or termi­ tion of how to meet the expenditure in connec­ nation of services for doing Census work-at tion with the Census operations. the bigger least not in the forseeable future since one single urban bodies did at times raise unnecessary party (the Congress) has obtained massive querries. One of the biggest urban body asked for allotment of Rs. 300 to provide petromaxes Census Officers, delegation of powers to sign to the enumerators for netting the houseless the appointment letters and delegation of !population; another asked ~or. provision to powers to appoint Census Officers on its behalf, purchase paper: I am mentlOnmg the ~bov~ and one notification under section 8 (1) ibid instances on1y to forewarn about the ummagt­ publicising the questions that were to be asked. native stance taken at tinies by some of the The Central Government issued the notifica­ larger urban bodies. tion relating to taking of the Census and the reference date under section 3 of the Act. 164. The State Government issued three The various notifications issued' by" the State Notifications under sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) Government and the Central Government may 'of Section 4 of the Census Act, 1948, on 27th be seen at Appendix XXX, and XXXI. January, 1970, relating to appointment of respectively. CHAPTER XVIII

DIRECrIVES OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT

165. The POSt of the Director of Census Operations, though borne on the budget of the (1) (2) (3) central Government, is in essence a head of x PaymeI1t of travelling General Administration the department's job under the State Govern­ allowance claims for Department's ment. This is true at least up to the stage of Census work br res­ No.907/Il3/II-ACS,. Census taking because the machinery available pective offices. dated 16-2-70. for the massive field operations is that of the of XVII Constitution of a State­ J.ocal Govt.(Urban) State Government. The closest liaison with level Committee for Department's No. the officers of the State GovernlI\ent is a sine house-numbering. I 71/4957IXVhIIU/V, qua non for ensuring an accurate,' count; this dated 5-1-68. single factor, more than any other, makes it XIX Permitting the Gram Director of Pancha- imperative that an officer borne on the State Panchayats to incur yat's No. 416915667, cadre is appointed to man the post so that he expenditure on dated 13-11·69. is able to get various directives issued speedily house-numbering. by the concerned departments. XXI Necessity of indepen­ General Administra- dent District Census tion Department's 166. Proper organisation of the Census, Officer. letter No. 9017124651 Operations without full and active co-operation Hii), dated 19-7-69. of the entire machinery of the State Govern­ XXIV Ban on transfers of Home Department's ment is unthinkable. Therefore, the very enumerators, super- No. 4834/4578/IIA first eommunication, the issue of which one has visors and other (3), dated 28-9-'70. to ensure, is a letter from the Chief Secretary Census functionaries. to the Government requiring everyone to XXX A Notification under Sec- Home Department's co-operate fully and permitting the Director of tion 4(2) of Census No. 520/I1-A (3), Census Operations to enter into direct corres­ Act. dated 27-1-1970 pondence with concerned offices of the State B Notification under Sec- Home Department's Government. Such a letter this time was .. tion 4(3) . of Census No. 522/II-A(3), issued on 31-5-69 and' may be seen at Appen­ Act. dated 27-1-1970. dix I. Various other orders of the State C Notification under Sec- Home Department's Government, statutory as well as administrative, .. tion 4(4) of Census ' No. 524/II-A (3), have also been referred to at appropriate places Act. dated 27-1-1970. in different Chapters and' have been inc~uded as Appendices. For the sake of ,convemence, .. D Notification under Sec- Home Department's tion 8(1) of Census No. 5858" dated therefore, I am first listing below orders of the Act. 26-10-70. State Government already included as separate Appendices. 167. In addition to the orders quoted above, many other equally important directives were Appf'ndix Subject Order number issued by the State 'Government. They r.umber (3) relate to matters like provision of stationery, (1) (2) adjustment of examination dates, permission for late attendance, relaxation in rules for filling I Introducing the Direc- General Administra­ vacancies, entry in character rolls of 1970-'71 tor 'of Census Opera­ tion Department's regarding performance of Census work, ~. tiors and permitting No. 579/1618/Hiv), direct correspondence, dated 31-5-69. Although the list of orders given below is not complete, it includes all the important letteh VIII Provision of a jeep for General Administra­ issued by the different departments of the the Distrkt Oensus tion Department's C'osOvernment and certain heads of departments. Officers. No. 5596/CR-491/J (iv), dated 9-9-70. Copies of all these letters are given in 7.

Appendix XXXII. The COlD.DlunicatiO[lS I;lave be~n .arranged subject·wise as under:-

S.No. Subject Letter numbers (1) (2) (3)

1 Ptovwon of stationery for Census work-permission I. Revenue Department's No. 4748/64fJ5/VII/Estd.- to make local purchaae. 69, dt. 23-10-69. 2. Revenue Department's No. 3185/4081//VII/Estd. /70, dt. 13-7-70. 3. Revenue Department's No. 44.53/4977/VII/Estd. 170, dt. 17-9·70. .

2 Ban on tranV"er8 of Census functionarica 4. Home Department's No. 2010/2176/II-A (3), dated 10-4-70. 5. Home Department's No. 422/242/II-A (3), dated 21-1-71. . 6. Home Department's No. 1325/G-l00/II-A (3), dated 24-3-71. 3 Permission to Census functionaries to attend office late. 7. Home Department's No. 2482/2662/II-A (3), grant of half day's leave during enumeration period dated 30-4-70. . . and fuU day's leave during revisional round. 8. Home Department's No. 88/36/II-A (3), dated 7-1-71. 9. Home Department's No. 1323/1073/II-A (3), dated 24-3-71. . .. Postponement of examinations 10. Board of Secondary Education's No. 59701 Exam./70, dated 6-lO-70. II. Proceedings of the meeting dated l5-10-~. 12. Education Department's No. 234/202, dated 5-3-71 enclosing proceedings of meeting dated 27-1-71. 13. Home Department's No. IOI/785/H-A (3), daten 22-2-71. 5 Filling of vacancies.&om the surplus staff-relaxation in 14. Home Department's No. 5888/744:7/II-A (3), respect of posts created in connection with Census- dated 8-12-69. deputation of experienced hands. IS. Home Department's No. 6309/57€I/II-A (3), dated 21-11-70. 6 Publicity through films 16. Director of Information and Publicity's No. 28, dated 1-1-1971. 17. Director of Panchayat's No. 1222, dated 12-2-1971.

7 Enumeration in forest villages-exemption to staff work- 18. Home Department's No. 6970/CR. 339/II-A (3) ing on nationalisation scnemes-respons ibility of dated 30-12-70. • foreat department. 8 Importance of Census work-avoidance of complaints- 19. Chief Secretary's D. O. No. 1350}269/1 (iv), entry relating to work done in the Census in the dated 3/9-2-71. charactor rolls of 1970-71.

9 Provision ofjeep to Tahsildan . • 20. Genera~ Administration J)epartment's No. 22641 723/1 (lV), dated 25-3-71. 10 Pc:rmilIsion to accept and retain the full amount of 21. General Administration Department's No. 30/ honorarium. OR/6/1 (3)/72, dated 13-1-1972. 168. From the nature and number of com­ especially Shri S. S. Gill, Special Secretary, munications issued by different departments of Home Department, Shri M. S. Singh Deo the State Government, it would be obvious how Special Secretary, General Administration n;. impossible it would be to even try to conduct partment and ·Shri A. C. Rai, Deputy Secretary the Census operations without the active co­ to Government, Revenue Department, and later operation of the State Govenunent. I take on .Home Department, for the prom}ltness with this opportunity to place on record my deep whIch they issued orders thereby facilitating aense of gratitude to the concerned Officers, efficient conduct of the Census operations. CHAPTER XIX PUBLICITY 169. It takes two to make a Censu.... the Collectors. but by way of suggestion. the­ enumerator and the enumerat"ed.. For the Panchayat Ghar/village Ch.!upal were former, an elaborate training programme was proposed for :rIural areas. and Court formulated to create Census consciousness premises. municipal office, cinemCil alllong them. . But Teal success is possible only houses. bus stand and railw

(e) Franking on postal stamps.-The postal (1) (2) (3) (5) agency is a very good medium for inten­ sive publicity as it covers almost the 16 Ujjain 12 ·1 entire length and breadth of the country. ,17- Jhabua 3 The slogan 'Get yourself and all the 18 Dhar 5 19 Indore 17 3 family counted-ask your friends to do 20 Dewas 2 21 Khargone (W. Nimar) 18 the same' was well concei~ed. This mode '22 Khandwa (E. Nimarl 10 of publicity was quite effective. 23 Shajapur 4 24 Rajgarh 3 25 Vidisha' 5 (f) Radio t'Illks.-The transistor age , and 26 Sehore 10 3 installation of community receiving sets 27 Raisen 2 in the rural areas has gready increased. '28 Hoshangabad 9 1 29 Betul 5 1 the utility of radio as a means of wide 30 Sagar 14 I publicity. The following talks were, 31 Darnoh 3 therefore, arranged:- 32 Jabalpur 17 3 33 Narsimhapur 4 34 Mandla 1 35 Chhindwara 7 Date SpUker :36 Sean! 4 37 Balaghat 5 38 Surguja 4 " 2-4-70. . Director of Census Opera~ions 39 Bilasour 16 1

40 R.aigarh 4 " 26-11-70.. Director of Census Operations 41 Durg 21 1 42 Raipur 13 1 13-.1-71.. Shri B. P. Jain, Deputy Director, from 43 Bastar 5 Raipur Station. 21-2-71.. Shri U. K. Trivedi, Deputy Director, ,

A few Hindi cinema slides were kept in reserve for last minute demands. Distri­ In addition, the Indore and Bhopal stations bution of slides was done after obtaining of the All-India Radio arranged features the list of cinema houses in the State in their youth and rural programmes. from the Excise Commissioner. The Chief Minister, Shri Shyama Charan Shukla, was very kind in agreeing to give .(d) Documentary films.-In all 7 (seven) a talk on the eve of individual count. 35 mm. and 40 (forty) 16 JDIn. films were The t~~t of the tal~ given by him is re­ received. A detailed p!!ti~tion pro­ produced as Appendix XXXIII. gramme was prepared and allocation of time was done between districts shaxing (g) Advertisements and OJrlicles in llew~· a film. More than one 16 mm. film was papers.-With the gradual increase in given to very large districts like Raipur, - the circulation of newspapers and Bilaspur, Bastar, Durg and Surguja. The growtii of literacy, the role of newspapers Distr1ct Census Officers were requested as a means of mass publicity is on the to chalk out in detail the projection pro­ increa~e. The Registrar-General insert- gramme at suitable rural centres and the ed advertisements in newspapers having State Directorate of· Information, and country-wide circulation and the task of Publicity very kindly took up the res­ farming out adv:ertisements to language ponsibility of actually organising the papers having local circulation was left shows, Wherever the vim of the Publi­ to the State DIrectors. A list of 34 news­ city Department was not available, the papers was prepared jn consultation with projection of the film was arranged the State Director of Information and through the van of the Directorate of Publicity and a series of six advertise- Panchayats and Social Welfare. This . ments were inserted between the 3rd to medium of pUbli6ty was very ~fJective 10th March; 1971. . The sel1ies ran as and postponement of the C~sus opera­ 'Know the Census' and was very well tions by a month came in handy to carry received. The comptetJe set of six out a more intensive projection pro- advertisements may be seen at Appen­ -gramtp.e. dix XXXIV. 73

171. Co-operation of the Press was excellent better if at the next Census further delegation and many of them broUght out articles and is made in favour of the State Directors to feature~ at regular intervals. Detailed coverage sanction payment of advertisements bills on the was given to the two Press Conferences _basis of rates to be certified by the State convened on'th<;! eve of the houselisting opera­ Director of Information and Publicity_ Such tions and _individual enumeration. a procedure has been approved in respect of printing bills and I see no reason why a 172. FOIde:rs.-I have deliberately left out similar delegation cannot be made in respect distribution of folders as a means of publicity. of advertisement bills. The get up of the folder was good but the entire consignmen~ of 4.5 lac Hindi and 50,000 174. The postponement of Census Opera­ English folders :was received only on 4-3-7l. tions by a month put out of gear my plan to It was too late and only nominal distribution bring out a Census Supplement in the leading could be arranged in Bhopal city. Timely dailies of the State. Its impact would be receipt would have enabled very wide pub~icity considerable and therefore it woUld be better because distribution could be organised in to initiate action at least four months from collaboration with the Madhya Pradesh Elec­ the reference date. tricity . Board, Public Health Engineering Department, newspaper hawkers and/or milk distribution centres. Steps should be taken 175. In order to !=reate general awareness early _at the next Census to ensute receipt of about Census, and also have a regular means the folders at the State Directorates latest by of publicity, text of a lesson for inclusion in first week- of January, in case the referen~ date the syllabus of higher secondary classes was is not changed, and by early November If the sent to the Text Books Corporation, Madhya reference date is shifted to January I, as Pradesh, about two years ago. The affairs of suggested. the Corporation have of late come under a cloud and nothing has been heard from that office as yet. The matter will now be pursued 173. The delegation in favour of the State after revising the text in the light of the 1971 Directors to farm out advertisements to local Census figures. newspapers within the monetar} ceiling fixed was . a step in the right direction. But the pa~-ment procedure leaves much to be desired. 176. Publicity in rural areas.-But for quite I also made a slip in not remembering the a few Censuses, at least in the rural areas, the requirement of release of the advertisements in chief medium of pUblicity will continue to be the standard form of the Director of Advertise­ the announcement by the village Kotwar by ments and Visual Publicity and left the whole beat of drums because of prevailing, large­ matter in the hands of the State Director of scale illiteracy. The announcement on the Information and Publicity. Revised bills had eve of Census taking creates the necessary to be obtained in order to conform to the atm.osphere for active co-operation among the prescribed procedures. All this led to avoid­ masses and thus helps in ensurin~ an accurate able delay and many hills are still pending for rount. This medium of publiClty was made payment even though the revised bills were use of in this Census and would perhaps be also sent about five months ago. It would be necessary in the next Census also. CHAPTER XX

DISTRIBUTION OF HONORARIUM AND MED4LS

177. Prior to the 1961 Census operations, sanctioned by the R~gistrar~General for the no amount was paid by way of honorarium to enumerators and supervisors were as under :_ any Census functionary for the work performed by them (only scriptory charges were Ji>aid in Functionary Houselisting Enumeration the 1951 census for making entries m the ( I) . (2) (3) National Register of Citizens). In the sense SupervisotS Rs.18.50 that nothing was paid for performance of additional duties imposed by the Census Enumerators Rs.5 per Rs.14.00 Operations, one could legitimately say that block. Census operations were carried out 00. a 179. From the above rates of .honorarium voluntary basis. But there must have been it would be abundantly clear that payment wa~ murmurs even in 1941 that must have prompted made only to the lower Census functionaries, the Census Commissioner, Mr. M. W. M. on a very nominal scale to meet their out of Yeatts, to sound a note of warning in his pocket expenses and not with a view to Administration Report· in the following remunerate for additional duties performed words: "The prime issue is whether the by them. No amount was paid to tlie District Census system can continue at all. It will not Census Officers or the Charge ,officers; only continue without some serious thought by the by way of exception the Corporation Census Government of India and that thought must Officer and 15 sub-Charge Officers in Jabalpur be in good time a!ld should begin now: . I city were paid honorarium of Rs. 75 and Rs. 50 invite attention to the remarks by provmclal each, respectively, for the excellent work done officers on this point, notably Mr. Archer's by them in the midst of communal riots. excellent and constructive study. All of them Similarly, .28 enumerators and 9 siJ~rvisors in take strongly a point I have stressed, na~ely, Bastar district were paicJ Rs. 50 each for theh' that to call the Indian Census voluntary IS to devotion to duty in carrying out the almost deceive oneself dangerously. It is unpaid. impossibl,e Census of highly inaccessible true, but voluntary no ...... ,. ~e Govern- Ahujmarh tract, .which was hit by torrential ment of India can preserve the essential feat?re rains during the enumeration period. of a remarkable system, namely the carrymg by the people of their enumeration, but they 180. For calculating the rate of honorarium will need to take timely thought. and ~ ready to the enumerators for the houselistirig opera­ to incur some additional expendIture m order tion, my predecessor has. referred to the (0 make it possible." A beginning wa~ there­ principle of suitable deduction in respect of fore made from the 1961 Census, albeit on a those who were in receipt of fixed travelling very modest scale, to make some payment for allowance (this was not necessary this till?-e performance of Census duties. because onus for payment of travelling allOw­ ance for attending to Census duties was on the respective offices). He has also referred to the 178, Honorarium.-Honorarium on uniform stratagem. of not disclosing the rate of hono­ basis was paid to the enumerators and super­ rarium at the houselisting stage before visors only in the 1961 Census. I have completion of work. The' latter action was deliberately used the term 'uniform basis' possible in 1961 because even the hope, of because in some States, certain higher Census getting something 'suitable' was enough to goad those appointed to work diligently since functionaries also managed to get remunerated nothing was paid in 1951. But the same on ad-hoc basis. The rates of honorarium strategy would have miserably failed this time because having once tasted payment, howso­ ever nominal, it was not possible to keep tht' *Mr. M. w. M. Yeatts: Census ofJndia, 1941: Admini,. field agency guessing about the rate of h?no­ tration Rep:Jrt : para. 118, page 26. rarium. Therefore, the rate of honorar)i.um 75

of Rs.·15 for a block of about 120-150 Census to bring in the best results, there is no alterna­ houses ·communicated by the Registrar-General tive but to pay the enumerators and the supervisors SUfficiently well. Agreed that the was converted and intimated as 10 paise per enhanced rates of honorarium this time has Census hoUse to an enumerator and 2 paise per resulted in pushing up expenditure on hono­ Census house to the Supervisor (the jurisdic­ rarium in our State only from Rs. 13,76,782 to tion of the \;upervisor was to be roughly 4--5 Rs. 33,00,241. But when one considers the block.s of 120-150 houses each). Having done rising cost of living and the fact that the approved rate of Rs. 40 per enumerator/super­ this, the next decision taken was to limit the visor in reality works out to less than Re. I number of en~merators and superyi.sors at ·the per day, one ge!s a true picture of the inade­ house listing stage so that adequate amount by quacy of the existing rate of honorarium. way of honorarium could be paid (0 each The Census is conducted once in ten years and the data collected forms the basis of two five­ (See para. 88). Districtwise disbursement year plans. A titde more. liberal attitude in may be seen in Appendix XXXV. Advance the· m-atter of grant of honorariu~ is indicated action was taken to ensu:te disbursement of if the exi~ting level of accuracy m data collec· hon~rarium during Dussehra-Diwali of 1970: tion is to be maintained. more or less complete su~ce~ in this effort created the necessary favourable climate among 182. A new feature of this Census was grant the field stalf for Census work. and the Patwari of honorarium to the higher functionaries also. The sanctioned rates were as under:- at least went the whole hog to work for Census despite pressure of election duties. As a matter of fact, anxious enquiries were made Designation Rate of honora­ . about th,e rate of honorarium for enumeration riUDl work and it took considerable effort not to District Census Officer .. Rs.300/­ disclose the approved Tate of Rs. 25 per Deputy District Census Officer .. Rs.250/­ enumerator/supervisor wbich was v~ litde Sub-Divisional Census Officer. '. .• _ Rs.250/-. co~pared to what was actually paid for house­ Charge Superintendent .. Rs. 150/- listing operation. No methodology could be Additional Charge Superintendent Rs. 125/­ evolved to pay more because of fixity of period Deputy Charge Superintendent .. R~. 125{­ during which .the work had to be completed. Assistant Charge Officer/Superintendent Rs.125/- Hence, silence was thought to be the best answer to the m.any querries that were being received and even the true interpretation of . The amount was to be paid only after cOllclu­ Slon of both the phases of CenSUs Operations­ Registrar-General's reported statement of hono­ houselisting and enumeration. Only half of rarium rate having been more than doubled to the s~nctioned rate was payable for performing Rs. 40 per enumerator/supervisor was not duty In one phase only. Some of the districts made known lest it may lead to lethargy engaged separate hands for imparting training (Rs. 40 was made up of Rs. 15 for houselisting to the field staff and for supervision of work. Therefore, a further break· of the amount and Rs. 25 for enumeration). When the truth up of entitlement was worked out with a slight dawned on completion of work and every weightage in favour of training (which was enumerator/supervisor received .Rs. 250 only, as(:ertainable) r£s-a-vis, supervision. Care was, quite a few representations were made protest­ however, taken to ensure that the total allot­ ing at the litde amount paid for performance ment to a ·district did not exceed what was permissible on the basis of sanctioned rates of of heavy duties of national importance. honorarium for different categories of func­ tionaries. In other words, permissible number 181. Now I am in complete agreement with of Additional (Assistant Charge Officers were Iny predecessor that either we pay well, 01· we worked out on the basis of number of enume­ rators/supery~sors divided by 50 (every trainer, pay nothing and· try to evoke the sense of later on designated as Additional!Assistant national duty in every government . offi<;ial. Charge Officer, was to train a group of 50) and As adoption of the latter course is not likely the total amount ot honorarium payable to the 76 number so worked out was treated as the work at the time of establishment of Regional ceiling for sanctioning varving amounts as per Offices, the proposed scrutiny could not be done criteria fixed. . in full. Consequently, the proposals for award of medals to the ~upervisors and the 183. As a beginning, the rates of honorarium enumerators were finalised in' the order in sanctioned to hi.gher Census functionaries were which names were recommended by the District adequate. But upward revision at the time of Census Officers. District·wise allocation of the next Census would be unavoidable. In medals was first worked out on the basis of Appendix XXXVI, district·wise disbursement proportion of supervisors / enumerators in a of honorari urn to various Census functionaries district to total supervisors / enumerators in the is indicated. State. The District Census Officers were told to recommend names in order of performance . 184. A~ard (!( medals.-Although the con. and hence there was no difficulty. . tmuous pnce spIral has of late made those in the. fixed income group highly materiali~tic in theIr outlook, however, some value is still 187. But the proposals for award Qf medals attached to recognition of work in the form of to the higher Census functionaries, received award of medals/sanads/certificates. A !;otal from th:: Regional Deputy Directors, were of 431 silver medals and 865 bronze medals subjected to a thorough scrutiny on the basis were allotted to this State. OUt of these, a of tour impressions and actual performance in to~al of 410 silver and 841 bronze m.edals have respect of timely compliance of instructions in been distributed, J;.eeping in view the percen· the circulars, affixing of number plates, com­ ta~es reserved for enumerators and supervisors. munication of provisional totals, etc. There· The balance are reserved for staii of the State after the proposals were finalised and C011- Governmpnt Press, Coding and Punching cen currence of thl:! Registrar·General, India, and and the head ofike. - the State Government was obtained. The district-wise distribution of medals may be seen 185. The practice of giving san ads and certi­ in Appendix XXXVII. ficates was continued and the expenditure on paper and printing was met from the Census 188. A few medals of the 1961 Censu'l bUdget. The sands and certificates were of could not be distributed as late as 1971. This the following description;- was due to late finalisation of the proposals and non·availability of the addresses of a few medal­ (a) Sanad for outstanding work to be signed winners. Therefore, an all out effort was by the Chief Secretary. made this time to ensure distribution of the (b) Sanad for very good work to be signed medals on the first Republic Day after can­ by the Commi~sioner. elusion of the Census Operations. The effort succeeded and distribution of medals/sanads/ (c) Sanad for good work to be signed by the certificates took place at everv district head· Collector. quarter on 26-1-72. At the I State Capital, (d) Certificates to be signed by the :Qistrict Shri R. K. Khanna, Commissioner, Bhopal Census Officer/Charge Superintend.ent. Division, gave away the medals/sanads/certi­ ficates to the winners. As yet, no instance of Sanads and certificates were limited fOT non.distribution of the prize has been reported. functionaries below the sub-divisional Census officer. 189. I am in complete agreement with my predecessor that there must be some recogni· 186. The proposals for award of medals, tion for perfotmance of Census work. That sanads and certificates to functionaries above is why we have been following in our State the supervisors were called from the Regional the practice of giving a certificate even for Deputy Directors of Census Operations. Pro· satisfactory performance of work to every posals in respect of supervisors and enumera· C~nsus functionary. Only those are left out tors were called from the District Censm whose performance was positivelv bad. In Officers. Initially it was contemplated that the this context, I wish to reiterate for considera· proposals as received from the District Census tion institution of a few gold medals; fur.ther, Officers would be subjected to a scrutiny in the it is felt that suitable citation should accompany Regional Offices at the time of editing of one the medal in each case instead of the formal per cent sample slips. But in the rush of certificate. CHAPTER XXI

GENERAL ADMINISTRATION, BUDGET AND ACCOUNTS

190. A reference has already been made to 191. When I took over charge in May, 1969, the problems of recruitment in para 41. There­ the following officials were on deputation from fore, in this Section, I will confine mv remarks to the problem of continuing deputa. the date mentioned against each:- tion of certain officials from 1961. ------_._------S.No. Name Date of depu­ Initial post of deputation Present POlt on deputa­ tation tion. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

1 Shri UK Trivedi 15.Q-1964 Dy. Supdt. of Census Operationa Dy. Supdt. of CeDSUi Operations. 2 Shri KC Dubey 3-11-1968 Do S Shri NO Ghosh 9-5.1961 Tabulation O.llicer 4: Shri ML Sharma 12-9.1960 Statiatical Assistant InVClltigator (11-1-1971). 5 Shri PM Phadl1iJ 12-5·1959 Stenelrapher 6 Shri HOJain 26-5-1962 .fr". Investigator Tabulation Officer (1.5-70) 7 Shri KR Pagan: 28-6-1960 Accountant Head Assistant (1-3-1970). 8 Shri AC Chaturvedi 1-7-1969 Lower Division Clerk

Sarvashri K. C. Dubey, N. C. Ghosh, P. N. 193. Dr. H. C. Jain came on deputation as Phadnis and A. C. Chaturvedi have since left. a Junior Investigator in 1962 from the Further, Shri M. L. Sharma has recently been Collectorate, Sagar. When additional posts selected by the Union Public Service Commis­ of Tabulation Officers/Senior Technical Assis­ sion for the post of Assistant Director of Census tants were made available in 1970, Dr. H. G. Operations. Therefore, I am not making any Jain was considered for one of the posts in view ... ·mention of them in what follows. Effectively of his experience and appointed as Tabulation at present we have only three deputationists Officer on 1-5-1970. Procedural formalities irom the 1961 Census.-:.shri U. K. Trivedi, have been completed by obtaining concurrence Deputy Director, Dr. H. C. Jain, Tabulation of Collector, Sagar, to the continued deputation Officer and Shri K. R. Pagare, Head Assistant. of Dr. H. C. Jain on the higher post of Tabu­ latio.1 Officer. Occupation of the higher post of Tabulation Officer on deputation by Dr. 192. Shri U. K. Trivedi is still holdill~ the H. C. Jain has as' yet not resulte~ in depriving post to which he came on deputation. any eligible departmental candidate of his Recentlv one post of DeJ>uty Director of Census promotion chances. As per existing instruc· Operations has been made permanent and Shri tions, Dr. H. C. Jain has either to revert to the Trivedi has applied for consideration of hi!> State Government latest by 30-6-73, or get name subject to the condition that his present permanently absorbed in the Census Organisa­ basic pay plus special pay are protected while tion. Dr. H. C. Jain has given his consent in fixing him in the scale' of the post, viz., writing for permanent absorption, but as yet Rs. 700-1250. His application is being no posts are available against which he could processed and either he will become permanent be considered. In view of his long associa­ in the Census Organisation or revert to the tion, Dr. H. C. Jain has gained considerable State Government on 110-6-73 which is the experience of Census methOdology and practice deadline indicated in a recent letter from the and, in my opinion, should be retained Government of India. permanently. 78

194. Shri K. R. Pagare, who initially came position till a change is brought about in the 0I! ~eputation as Accountant, was the onJy one manner of Census taking as such. elIgible for the post of Head Assistant when Shri P. N. Phadnis, the previous incumbent, 197. The financial and administrative powers left on 1-.3-1970. His association with the of the Directa:r of Census Operations are Census Organisation is also of over a decade adequate, except in regard to local purchase and if Rules permit he tOo should be perma­ of stationery and hit'ing of office accommoda­ nently absorbed as Head Assistant. He has tion. The stationery requirements of the given his consent in writing. None of the head office itself are considerable and the present D. D. Cs. are eligible and even if Shri problem becomes acute when the: Regional K. .R. Pagar~ has to revert, the POSt of Head Offices get into full position. The power of ASSistant wIll have to be filled by obtaining Rs. !j00 for annual purchase is woefully inade­ services of another official of the State Govern­ quate as would be clear from the following· ment on deputation. figures of expenditure of the last three years:- 195. It would be clear from paras 192 to 194 that the three deputationists from the 1961 Year Cost of stationery Cost of Percentage of Census Operations have as yet not deprived received from stationerv supply of any directly recruited employee of his legiti­ Stationery office purchased· stationary from mate chance of promotion. In fact, even if Calcutta. locally. Calcutta office. the date of deputation is treated as the date of appointment to census Organisation (in case (I) (2) (3) (4) the concerned officials resign from the parent office), the existing position would continue. What I am trying to emphasise is that those 1969-70 275.00 2,84-0.00 8.82 who have given the best years of their lives and 1970-71 1,300.00 14,133.00 8.42 selfless service of over a decade to the Census Organisation should not be considered as less 1971.72 406.00 27,530.00 1.45 eligible for permanent absorption in comparison to . those who joined the Census Organisation N.w-- after them. A permanent Census office came Regul'\lion of expenditure by· obtaining into being onlv after the 1961 Census and the sanction of the competent authont} is thus a organisation cim iii-afford to lose the services regular feature and till sanctions are received. of a few experienced hands that it has. I the relevant paras of the i\udit Reports remain concede that promotion chances of regular outstanding. emplo}'ees· should n?t be adve~sely affected, but at the same time mterpretation of rules and 198. The real prOblem is timely supply of instructions should he in keeping with the stationerr articles by the Central Government spirit of the situation and the interest.s .o~ the Depot. Indents have little meaning and the Government. I have, therefore, mltIate~ earlier the system of obtaining supplies of steps for permanent absorption of Sarvashn stationery articles through the Central Govern­ H. c. 1ain and K. R. Pagare. The final ment Depot is abandoned the better. The outcome would perhaps be known only after system exists largely on paper only. The the relevant Recruitment Rules are made final value of supplies received from the Central and the cases examined in the light of it. Depot is a negligible percentage of the total annual requirements (it never exceeded 9 per 196. Recruitment to the posts of .Region!ll cent in the last three years). Quality of the Deputy Directors of Census OperatlOIls wlll stationerr articles is another problem. It necessarily have to be from officers of the St!lt.e would be best to delegate powers to invite Government, and that toO from the State Civil annual quotations of specified makes and to Service, so long as the present metho?ology of make purchases from the lowest tenderer to Census taking continues. The machmery that the extent necessarY. At best annual Dlone­ we use is of the State Government and for all tary ceiling may be' fixed, keeping in view the preliminarY arrangements, it is the revenue strength of an office and nature of work a ency which bears the main burden.. An executed. oitcer' having had control over the revenue agency and whose counter-parts actually hold 199. Accommodation for the Regional ts " giving them control of t~e revenue Offices-Some problems.-The Rules for arrang­ ~gency alone can effectively superVIse the fiehl.d ing accommodation (01' the Regional Offices , ' . scape froIll t IS operations. There IS no e 79 also need a fresh look. The present instruc­ average approximately 7500 square feet OR the tions require obtaining of certificates of non­ basis of the present austerity standards (includ­ availability of government building and ing space for records) and the rent position reasonabilitv of rent from tbe Central Public.· being what it is, the existing delegation of Works Department. wherever it has an office in Rs. 500 per month has lost all validity. The the charg~ of an officer of the rank of sub­ office cannot be spread over too many separate divisional officer jassistant engineer and above. buildings on administrative grounds and hence The general public has no contact with the the suggestion for upward revision of monetary Central Public Works Department: negotiations ceiling for sanctioning office rent. are possible onlv when readiness is shown to pay rent as, certified by the Collector of the 200. At present thel'e are no administrative district. There is no alternative but to make powers with the Deputy Directors. This is this commitnient orally. Now in the case of necessary because problems of discipline must accommodation hired at Gwalior, the rent be met squarely and promptly. For this. certified as reasonable by the local office Of the powers of appointments to a~l class IV. posts Central Public Works Department was lower and class III posts carrymg consoltdated to what was certified as reasonable by the emoluments should be delegated to the Deputy Collector. - Finally, rent was sanctioned as per Directors, who are incharge of the Regional certificate of the Collector. In the light (If this Offices having a strength of 200 to 300 emp­ experience, it would be better if only non­ loyees. bulk of whom are on consolidated availability certificate is requir~d to be obtained emoluments. from . the local office of the . Central Public Works Department and the question of rent 201. The total expenditure on this Census reasonability determined on the basis of the has been relatively larger than what was certificate of the Collector of the district. The incurred on tpe 1961 Census, mostly due to Regional Offices are opened for a short period higher expenditure on honorarium and of about one year and acceptance of the sugges­ enhanced pay scales for different categories of tion would result in considerable saving of Census employees. In Appendix XXXVIII time. Further, the powers of the Directors is given the comparative picture of the last of Census Operations for hiring office accom­ three years of the two Censuses. The per modation should be raised to Rs. 1000 per capita cost of enumeration w~rks. out to 26 month instead of the present Rs. 500 per paise this time as against 6 paise in -.:he month. Every Regional Office requires on an previous Census. CHAPTER XXII POST ENUMERATION CHECK 202. A question ,often asked is how far are Census ~gu.res;. the other equally important the Census figures l'eti;lble. In the past, in purpose IS to assISt the Census organisers in the IllOSt countries. it was assumed that Censuses Improvement of SUbsequent Censuses. Thus were one hundred percent accurate and no a further j11}~r~vement in the methodology of attempt was made at estimating the at:c:uracy post-enumerahon check was made this time of their results. Of late, however, there has and in addition to coverage errors, the aspect been a general realisation that Census errors ?f con~en.t errors was also gone into, of roune. exist and should be quantified either for correc· 10 a hmlted number of 50 effective blocks. ting the .results of the Census or in order tQ indicate their limitations; 205. Several methods are . used for the evaluat~on of population Census data but they 203. The evaluation of population Census vary WIth the resources and degree of statisti­ data is. a relativel-y new practice and came to cal development of a country. The method be recognised as an important part of the of cohort analysis using statistics from past Census operations in the middle of this century Censuses and comrarisons with theorCti(a). only in the light of the, review of population expectations, as ~eJ as comparisons with birth Census method~ carried out by the United registration statistics, is obvioush" not suitable Nations Secretariat. It came to be realised for our country where registration documents that a completely accurate Census is ~ot generally remain incomplete due to poot possible, not onlv in under-developed countnes public response. Nor is complete re-enum~ because of problems of adequate means of tion of certain areas a feasible propOsition communications and financial resources, but because of the vastness of the country. There­ ~lso in statistically more advanced countries lore. the sampling technique has been adopted because of high· mObility of population. from 1951 itself. In fact, this is the methodo­ Therefore, it became a generally accepted logy practised in the United States, Norway. principle that the compiling agency has the Japan. Canada, France and Yugoslavia also responsibility for furnishing adequate infonna­ from the Census conducted in the 1950's and tion regarding the I~mitations o~ the, da~a wh~ch onwards. it collects and publIshes. Fallmg In hne wIth other countries, a scientifically organised 206. Preparations for .the organisation of verification system was introduced for the first the post enumeration check immediately on time in the 1951 Census. the conclusion of the count of individuals were started well in adnnce this time and a detailed 204. Reasons of adverse cHeet on qualJity of circular was issued by the Registrar-General Census data.-The quality of Census data may in December, 1970, explaining the methodo­ be adverseh" affected by the following two logy, sampling procedure, concepts. forms, etc. .factors: (a) 'observationa1 errors; and (b) errors A thorough discussion waS arranged at various of coverage. The post enumeration check. centres to remove the doubts and to bring carried out after the 1951 and 1961 Census home the desirability of conducting the }lost enumeration, however, limited itself to errors enumeration check as early as possible after of coverage only. As a matter of fact, the enumeration is over. Stratified two-stage 1951 enquiry 'WaS limited to the verification of random sampling ~et~od .was to be follo~ed the identity of persons and was not concerned and stratum-wise dlStrlbutIon of 290 effective with the accuracv or otherwise of answers to blocks was communicated bv the Registrar­ any of the Census questions. The 196) post General's office as under:- enumeration check took a step forward in that it was designed not only to find out the extent Stratum No. of eftcd;,·" No. of saJ!1ple Ratio of coverage error but also to know where and blockll block. why we went wrong. This was as it should be because the post-enumeration check. serves (1) (2) (3) (4) two princip,l purposes. The one is to Inform the data-users about the accuracy attached to City Urban". 4,479 l:ll! Shrl K. D. Bailal, .J)epat7 ~o.Deral. India. In..-u1lJJ the Paat: Enumeration CIl.. __ at VU'" GaoU Palulp. Dlatriet .IncloN. Sa.rva Shrl U. K. TrIvedi and K. Yo. Bolbr. DeputF DI:recto.... are alao seen. Sh:r:l Kaehrl, Statistical A.. letant Ie explalnbac the dlaerepancl... who c()ll:duct~d the t;n\1meration, even in int~ (I) (2) (3) (4) chan.&ed areas, then' it reguires a hlgh' deire~ of wofessional .inte$Tity to expose t~e .de£e~~8 .' Non.-Oity 6,314 60 1:105 of the data whIch IS the result of then own Urban endeavours, or of their bretheren. .' " R1,l1"al 47,167 190 1 :243 . 2~8. Separate staff was earmarked for hstt~g: desk-matching and fiel~ reconciliation. On' tlle Wts~s ~ the !ra~e s4Pplie(i by this Trammg was qmfined to the task to be office, the actual ',selectIon of effective sample performed; i,n other words, none was loaded blocks was also done by the Registrar-General's with irrelevant instructions. Assistance' of ·office. The second-stage selection of house­ the District Statistical Assi&tants of the State holds ~as, however, done in the Regional Directorate of Economics and Statistics was TabulatIOn Offices on the basis of random available for supervision of listing work. start communicated by the head-office. It Desk-matching was done in the Regional wou1d be pertinent to JIlention here that Tabul~t.ioI? Offices and the all-important field beside~ the strictly military areas and defence reconCIlIatIOn work was entrusted to offidals estabhshments; ,the following rural areas were of the level of statistical Assistants and above. also excluded. fr?m the sample frame on grounds of relatIvely poor communication 209. Three forms were used in the post facilities :- . enumeration check to find out the net variation in th~ individual count by ascertaining the extent Qf omission and duplication. Form 1.1 District Tahsils was used for relisting of houses, matching with (1) (2) the Abridged Houselist and reconciliation of differences in the two lists of houses to study Dantewara, Konta, Narainpur. the extent of omission/duplication of houses alongwith number of individuals residing in .Surguja Pal, S,amri, Bharatpur. these omitted/duplicated houses. This was Raigarh Jashpur. termed as 'coverage error-type 1'. Form 11.1 was used for listing of members of households Sidhi Deosar, Singcaulli. living in the selected 15 residential/partly Bilaspur Munr,eli residential houses on the date of visit of the post enumeration check enumerator (which -Raipur Bindranawagarh. was within a month of the reference date of April 1, 1971) alongwith those who were present at the time of actual count but 'absent Ex~usion of M.ungeli tahsil was because of at the time of post enumeration check (both a. misunders~andmg~. the northern parts of normal residents and visitors). The extent of Btlaspur tahsIl have m fact poor communica­ omission/duplication was to be determined on tion facilities and should have been excluded. the basis of concepts of 'eligibility status' and 'enumeration status'. This was termed as 207. The original instructions and forms 'coverage error-type II'. Form 111.1 was were received in english from the Registrar­ canvassed in only 50 blocks in all those house­ General's office. Necessary portions were holds select.~d for determination of coverage translated' and made available to the field error-type II. '. This form was des~gned. to personnel in advance. It may be mentioned collect informatIon about some questIons, VIZ., here that for the first time, the district age, any child born ~n the last year, place ?f machinery was not utilised for the post enume­ last residence duratIon of reSIdence, mam ration check; instead the newly recruited staff activity, etc., i~ order to find out .the. 'content of the Regional Tabulation Offices were error' which was a new feature thIS time. A trained in two stages. Apart from the fact comprehensi1'e compilation plan was formul:,-ted that the personnel engaged for enumeration by the Registrar-General and the prescnped ,,:ork was not available due to their preoccupa­ 20 statements were sent in August, ] 97l. Fmal tIon with annual examinations it was felt results of the post enulI!-e_ration c~eck are not that an independent agency shouid conduct the yet available; the provISl{)nal estimate shows post enumeration check to eliminate possi­ a net under-enumeration of .25 per cent as biliti~s of enume~ator bias. Experience shows against 1.4 per cent in 1951 and .14 per cent in 1961. Here I may add that improvement that If the wor~ IS handled by the very persons 82 made in the method of conducting the post There was a lapse of 5 to 6 months in 1951 enumeration check, its timing and the !indepen­ and of about 3 months in 1961. whereas thi. dent agency en~a.F this time do not permit time the check was conducted in the very ready comparablhty of the results of the post month in which enumeration ended. Add to" enumeration check of this Census with that of this the fact that a wholly independent agency the two previous Censuses. To eliminate was used this time and one can easily find the' reasons why the provisional post' enumeration­ possibilities of recall lapses. it is essential that check results indicate a higher percentage of post enumeration meek is carried out almost under-enumeration in cOmparison to the 1961 immediately after the enumeration is completed. results. · CHAPTER XXIII ANciLLARY STUDIES

210: ~sus Operations in our country are (I) (2) not hm~te.d to collection and presentation of dry statistics only. A vast field of research i' S. Gond, including 3. BhiLq, including Barela .open for one .willing to probe and accept th; DorIa, Nagarcbi Patelia, B.tilala. (S. 1'.) c~allenge of studies in depth. There was '1 Nagwanshi, Mari a, slIght set-back in the I 920s which made Etc. ('S.T.) Mr. S!:oobert4l<, tbe Superintendent of Census 4. Balahi (S. C.) 4' Kawar (S. T') OperatIons of Central Provinces and Berar in 1931, ?bserve t~at "the task of taking the 5. Kamar (S. T.) Census IS not qUIte the joyous affair that it was 6. Chamar (S. Co) 20 or. 30 years ago when apart from, the cIty field of figures there was a vast virgin field 7. Bhangi/Mehtar (S. C.) of research upon which to Work". But Mr Shoobert himself made a very valuable contri: 8. Mahar/Mehar (S. C.) bution and his note 'The Aboriginal Tribe~ of Central Provinces' was included as Appendix III in Census of India, 1931; Vol. XII, Part I. As a matter of fact, ethnographic studies on individual basis started as early as IS81 when Mr. Risley publis4ed his manu· As yet monographs on Kawar (S. T.) and mental work, "The Castes and Tribes of West Nagwanshi (~. T.) have been published. The Bengal". Mr. Russell, the Superintendent of original schedules to be canvassed were brief Census Operations of Central Provinces and and preliminary work was completed in respect Berar in 1901 published an excellent treatise of Kamar (S. T.), Nagarchi (S. T.), Maria (S. T.) ort 'The Tribes and Castes of Central Provinces and Dorla (S. T.). But the schedules were and Berar' in 1916 in collaboration with Mr. revised and made very elaborate 'in 1968. The Hiralal. The 1931 all· India volume includ{'d revised schedules could not be canvassed as a very interesting paper on 'Racial Affinities the staff got busy with preparations for the of the People of Inaia' by Mr. Guha; the 1971 Census. The elaborate schedule, ho'\l-­ Census Commissioner, Dr. Hutton, himself ever, has been canvassed by the Registrar­ edited various ethnographic notes submitted General's office in respect of Dorla and the by different authors. monograph is in the final stages in his office. The study of the remaining tribes I castes would 211. But a systematic study of individual now form part of inter-Censal projects of the scheduled tribes· and castes was taken up only period 1973-78. Here it may be stated that a after the 1961 Census under the inspiring "Glossary on Scheduled Tribes of Madhya leadership of Shri Asok Mitra, the Registrar­ Pradesh" was brought out in 1969 by Shri K. C. General. The following scheduled tribes and Dubey, Deputy Superintendent of Census, castes were selected for special study:-, Opera tions. 212. The 1961 Census also introduced study' of individual villages and various crafts. Shii State Sector Central SectOl." Mitra, when he was Superintendent of Census (I) (2) Operations of West Bengal in 1951, had brought out a publication titled 'Fairs and I. Bhunjia (S.T.) l. Baiga (S.T.) Festivals of West :Bengal'. This publication attracted attention and received the apprecia­ 2. Halba (8. T.) 2. Bb.aria-Bhumia (S. T.) tion of scholars as well as the general public. Therefore, in his ~pacity as Registrar-General,. he commended preparation of a similar publi­ cation by every State and the 'Fairs and 1 3 h Para.2 Page (xi) *W. H. Shoobert : Central Provinces & Berar, Part I, Report, 9 ' 84

Festivals of Madhya Pradesh' was published in The following schedules are to be canvassed 1965. Work was also done on the 'Handloom in every city/town: (a) Town schedule. Sari Industry of l\{aheshwar' and 'Zui (b) H0!lsehold schedule, (c) Comrnercial and Embroidery and Batwa-m.aking in Bhopal'. mdustnal schedule. (d) Institutional sche­ These two monographs were also broupht out dule, (e) Neighbourhood and community life in 1965. The scheme of village studIes was, schedule, (f) Bank schedule, (g) Temple / however, very ambitious and originalIy 49 Church/Mosque schedule, and (h) Village villages were selected. Due to paucIty of schedule. There is an elaborate compilation time the schedules could be canvassed in 11 programme also running into over 500 tables villages only. Ten monographs have been based on data collected in the various schedules. published and that of Amwar village in Mandla Field work has been completed in respect of district is in the final stages. Three out of the Jagdalpur, BetuI, Nepanagar and'· Manendra­ 11 villages are being taken up this time as part garh, and partly in Sehore. Compilation work of the scheme of re-study of villages. The is in progress. A detailed programme has complete position may be seen in Appendix been chalked out to ensure t:ompletion of field XXXIX. work in respect of every city/town by the end 0( 1974. So far as publication of the mono­ 213. The study of 38 villages not taken up graphs is concerned, no firm da~ can be indi­ during the 1961-71 inter-Censa~ peliod 1-..~~ow cated just now as' much will depend on the stands abandoned because there IS an ela ... ".ate writer (se~ para. 210) and the Printing Pres5. ancillary studies programme for the 1971-81 period. The emphasis has shilted froro 214. Prior to the 195] Census, there was no village studies to town studies and the follo_w­ regular separate publication;;tt the district ing places have been selected ?y the SO<:l~ level regarding the data collected, although Studies division of the Regtstrar-General s the seeds of the District Census Handbooks can office on the basis of certain criterion :- be traced to the 'Village Lists' brought out for every district in 190 I and 'Village Statistics' of every district published in 1911 and 1941. No of ~.1II0. Name of the Size Class Name definite answer is forth-coming as to why such place district publications, giving village-wise information of ,- (1961) (1971) occupied houses, break-up of population Into (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) males/female~ and literates, were not brought out in 1921 and 1931. . The reason could be Jabalpur transfer froni 1921 of certain charges on Census 1 Jabalpur I previously met from the Provincial revenues to 2 Bhilainagar II I Durg the Central revenues and the Government of 3 Sehore III III Sehore India may not have considered it necessary .to 4 Jagdalpur III III Bastar publish statistics up to the village level. 5 Betul IV III Betul 'Village Statistics' in 194:1 were brought out by 6 Sironj IV III Vidisha the Central Provinces and Berar Government 7 Nagda Indus-. IV III U.!iain and this practice of bringing out district-wise trial Colony. publication~ at the cost C?f ~he State Govern­ 8 Korba Mining IV III Bilaspur ment has SInce been contmumg. Area. 9 Sheopur IV IV Morena 215. District Census Handbooks.-The scope 10 Nainpur Rail- IV IV Mandla of the district-wise publications. now called the way Colony. District Census Handbooks, has been under­ 11 Gandhisagar IV VI Mandsaur going change' with each succ~ssi~e Census HydelColo- from 1951. In 1951, the DIstrIct Census ny. Handbooks only coniained the Primary Census 12 Manendragarh V IV Surguja Abstract and the Census tables. In view of 13 Nepanagal' V IV Khandwa the usefulness of separate publication for .e~ch Factorv town- (East Nimar) district, improvements we~e ma~e at the time ship. of the 1961 Census by mcludlng non-CeI?sus 14 Chancleri V IV GWla data like climate, agriculture, co,operatlon, 15 Maheshwar V V Khargone industry, education, etc. . An. 'IntrOductory (West Nirnar) Note' was also added to highlIght the m~re striking features. Unfortunately! t~e deSIre V V Ba

.comprehensive resulted in late availability of completed in respect of the following 11 the books to the users. Therefore, this time (eleven) languages£dialects:- the District Census Handbooks have been divided into three parts in order. to release S.No· Name of the language! District (s) maximum data, as and when finalised, so that dialect where spoken the publications may have a useful life of ( 1) about seven to eight years of inter-Censal (2) (3) decennium. - Part A will contain all the non­ Census statistics, Part B the Primary Census Bhuinhar Surguja Abstract and Part C various administrative 2 Kawar Surguja statistics with a chapter titled "Introducing the district". 3 Pathari Betul, Khandwa 216. Much of the delay in the publication 4 Mirdha Raigarh of the District Census Handbooks after the 5 Dhelki Kharia Raigarh 1961 Census was due to delav in collection of administrative statistics and' the decision to 6 Nagbanshi Raigarh write the Introductory Note in the head office. 7 Nagasia Separation of administrative statistics as Part C Raigarh of the District Census Handbook and the kind 8 Bahelia Raipur -co-operation of the State Government, permitt­ ing Collectors of the 1961-71 _decade to write 9 Pando Bilaspur, Raipur, the chapter on "Introducing the district", is SurguJa likely to go a long way in early publication of 10 DorIa Bastar all the parts of the District Census Handbooks. As more than -one officer has held charge of 11 Nagarchi Balaghat each district during the period 1961-71, the names of the writer for each district are being Analysis of these languages / dialects has nDt finalised in consultation with the concerned yet been done; and (iii) reprinting of extracts officers. The response has been very encourag­ from Reports prior to 1911. As many as 29 ing and as yet names have been finalised in extracts, subject-wise, were sent to the Registrar­ respect of 21 districts. General and 13 were approved for reprinting . 217. Special surveys.-Special surveys have also. The instructions were to print the also been a regular feature of Census Opera­ extracts in the single volume on all the tions from 1951. A survey of small-scale indus­ Ethnographic ~otes; however! subsequently two ethnographIC notes were prmted separately tries was taken up in 19.~1 and the data presented in the District Census Handbooks; and, therefore, the printing of important also, at the behest of the State Government, extracts was lost sight of. I am examining the inciQence of 'Yaws' (Gondi rog), a disease the question of pursuing the three special prevalent among the aborigines in the back­ projects of 1961 to their logical end of published ward areas of Bastar, Chanda, Bilaspur and monographs even after lapse of over 6 to 8 Surguja was ascertained bv canvassing a years because, prima-facie, passage of time has separate schedule along with the individual in no way reduced the utility and value of the slip. In 1961, in addition to the village work already completed. . sttidies and the handicrafts surveys, three more 218. For the inter-Censal period 1971-81, projects were taken up which unfortunately two special studies have been taken up. The couid not be completed due to lack of time. first relates to impact of two public sector These related to-(i) a study of consanguineous projects in the St~te, the Bhilai Steel PI.ant and marriages in the 49 villages selected for depth the Heavv Electncals, on the econOllllC deve­ study. Schedules could be canvassed in 30 lopment of an area of about 10 miles aro~md villages only and a Report on survey done in them. Requisite sc~edul~s have bee!l finahs~d 20 villages plus schedules canvassed in 30 recently in consulta~lOn WIth the, SOCIal StudIes villages were forwarded to the Registrar­ division of the RegIstrar-General s office. Care General as the monograph was to be published, was taken from the stage of Prima;y ~~nsus at the all-India level; (ii) a study of tribal Abstract sorting itself to keep the mdividual languaaes and dialects. This was entrusted to slips of the related units separate so. that Or. K. "'M. Bhauraskar, the then Director of the necessary tables for the areas of study can be Tlibal Research Institute established by the generated without any difficulty. The other State Government. The field work could be 86 special study, as a part of Centenary Celebra­ sex-ratio in rice-growing areas. Then there is. tions, is to canvass an opinion schedule among the question of very much increased number or 100 Centenatians. In all !J448 individuals languages) dialects returned as mother-tongue have returned their age as 100 + and it is neither possible nor necessary to contact each this time. The following table will make the one of them. On the basis of p\lrposive position cle.ar:- sampling, the selection of 100 Centenarians is being done and the publication that would he brought out will be in the nature of individual case studies limited to those who are really Census Year No. oflang~eal No. of languapl 100 + . In other words, those individuals will dialects returned dialects after be left OUt who, on probe, are found to be as such retionalisation actually below 100. 219. The Census Centenary Seminar is (1) (2) (3) being organised in New Delhi from October 23 to 29, 1972. My paper on "Hundred Years 1961 35'4 258 of Census in Madhya Pradesh" has been approved and will be read in the Seminar. 1971 726 ~ I intend to improve and elaboxate the Paper in the light of the discussions in the Seminar ------.~ and thereafter bring it out as a special The above referred phenomena would make monograph. interesting subjects of :;pecial surveys and may 220. The Census figures indicate many be considered for ancillary studies at the next interesting phenomena which deserve further probe. One such phenomena is the higher Census. CHAPTER XXIV CONCLUSION

22 I. In' ~he earlier parts of this Report, a of crimes, spread of education, maintenance of few suggestIOns have been thrown in bv way village records, etc. The bogey of encroach­ of unsolicited advice. In this concluding ment on State autonomy is bound to be raised portion, I wish to confine my remarks to a few more so when one considers the fact that the difficulties that are being faced even now e~tir~ expenditure on the publicaticJn of the (June, 1972) so that, if possible, my successor is DIstnct Census Handbooks is borne by the able to save himself from similar predicament. respective State Governments. Int('r-Stat,e comparison on details is seldom done; what is 222. The density of population Of rural perhaps essential is availability of information areas is calculated with reference to the geogra­ on broad trends in each State and this will be phical area, i.e., the entire area of the tahsil possible even if finalisation of formats of including land under cultivated fields, forest, various Statements to be included in the Town nullah, etc. This gives a very erroneous and Village Directories is left to the respective picture. Congestion in living conditions can State Directors of Census Operations. AlI be truly reflected only if density of POpulation that need be done at the all-India level is to is calculated with reference to area under indicate the subject matter of each statement: 'abadi' only in the rural areas.' I lost sight of so that total figures enable inter-State com-· this difficulty while finalising the fOl'mat of parison to those who wish to enter into such Form A of the General Village/Town Register a study, Acceptance of this suggestion is likely in which a ~ide range of information in r~"spect to ensure early collection and publication of of every VIllage was collected. Area under non-Census figures. 'abadi' ,is available in the Nistar Patrak (which gives break up of village land.s under 224. Difficulties and Suggestions.-Another different uses) of every village and it 'Would be difficulty in the ~atter of collection of data best to collect this information at the time of relates to response of agencies like the railway, preparation of General Village/Town "Q._egisters. post and telegraph, banks, etc.. Instructions' I am trying to overcome the lapse by Obtaining take a lot of time to trickle down from top to> figures of area under 'abadi' in respect of those bottom and even thereafter a lot of time is districts where the State Directorate of Land wasted in obtaining the required information. Records have completed their work of abadi This is so especially in respect of schedules survey. But in future, it would be best to prescribed for urban studies and administrative keep this matter in view from the very statistics which have to be published in Part C beginning. of the District Census Handbooks. It is for consideration whether suitable formats cannot 223. The formats of various stateIl}ents for be devised in consultation with the cOllcerned" collection of data for the Town and Village agencies who may directly supply district-wise Directories, which will be published all District information after obtaining it from their Census Handbook, Part A, require revision. subordinate offices. The data may. be as on The sources of supply are different ()ffires of January 1, 19·0, and made available in about the State Government and they have their own a year's time. forms for collection of informatiofl. The available information cannot be readily fitted 225. The general elections to the State into the statements prescribed by the R.egistrar­ Vidhan Sabhas presently take place in February, General's office. It is for consideration whether 19*'2, and soon thereafter there is pressure for uniformity among the States. is at all necessar~ village-wise population figures. If the existing in respect of formats of vanous statetnents of position continues, then a similar situation will the Town and Village Directories. To my arise in April-May, 1982. The Primary Ceusus mind, it is neither feasible, nor necessary, to Abstract figures could not be finalised early make all the States agree to adopt uniform this time primarily because I did not f'stablish formats for collection of information on a separate tabulation offi,e for urban slips (·n matters like occurrence of diseases, incidence more than one' consideration. This mistake 88

should not be repeated (a more detailed while passing througb thick forest from village reference to this question will be made in the Lamsa to Sarodhi in Khairagarh tahsil of Administration Report-Tabulation). Durg district to make a proclamation regarding the Census; and· this time a supervisor posted 226. In the comity of nations, Indian in Heavy Electricals, Bhopal, and an enume­ Census ~as a very high reputation for its com­ rator of Panagar in Jabalpur district continued prehensIveness and accuracy_ This is largely to discharge their duties even though the . due to the zeal and devotion to duty with former was bitten by a mad dog during which the Census functionaries carry out the checking and the latter was assaulted by a task assigned to them even in the' face of respondent, presumably under the influence of personal inconvenience and, at times, insult liquor. also. Such instances are not lacking in our State too. The 1931 Administration Report 227. Mr. Census.-As for the esteem in of Mr. W. H. Shoobert refers to the charge which the Census Operations are held. I can made by a tiger on the car in which Mr. think of no better instance than, the reverence Grigson, the Administrator of Bastar St:lte, was shown by a tribal couple way back in 19111 personally bringing in some Census results when the" named their son ,as 'Mardum' and only missed his quarry owing to the speed because his birth coincided with the visit of the at which it was travelling; in 1961, just before enumerator for Census taking. (Mardum­ enumeration was to commence on 10th Shumari stands for Census taking). In this February, 1961, Kotwar Sudhu laid his life, Centenary Census, Mardum, who is very much having been fat~lIy mauled by a wild bear, alive, can'legitimately call himself 'Mr. Census' t APPENDICES APPENDIX I . (Vitl, Chapter I, Para '2) ~zrm ~«"T ut'ltflf sr~ ~ '1'R:cm 'fIlfr'ti ~ '" ~- t , t t;-~ ('i'), "Nr~, mfEli H ~ t , , ,.

~ ~'I11f\1l arrlJ.iffi, ~ r

'f,sr. ~~, ~~, +l6ti'Siall' 1i'm'I"r.

1tfuf~q' :-

t. ~ ;::n'!l'~a, 'iI'~, ~. +l64Si~i/1 'Ill'rn"1' Ii' ~ fcr'RT'l', __ • +t{IQ",14'tl, ;:rt R~,

'I. ",;Plul.,1 anfl'n-, ~arri1T, 'q'Nffl. ~'!.. ,i;:r,

APPENDIX II (Vide Chapter I. Para 4) STATEMENT OF STAFF AS ON 14-5-1989- (A) Nucleus pattern staft

Dy. D:! ector of Census Operations Shri U.K. Trivedi. 2 Tabulation Officer •• N.C. Ghosh 3 Head Assistant .. P.N. Phadnis 4 Accountant .. K.R. Pagare 5 Upper Division Clerk .. O.P. Tiwari 6 L'1W.3C Division Clerk .. A. C. Chaturvedi' 7 do. II J.P. Som B do. .. G.B. Shejwalkar . 9 Steno-typist .. P.P.R. Nair 10 Driver .. Shankerlal 11 Statistical ASSistant .. A. G. Oak 12 Investigator .. H.C. Jain 13 do. .. V. Mohan 14 do. " M.G. Mohril 15 do. .' S. K. Verma, 16 Computor " V.S. Joshi 17 do. " S.K. Saraswat ·18 do. ., V. R. Purohit 19 do. .. S.C. Jain 20 do .. Komal Chand Jain:. 21 Proof Reader .. R.C. Pathak 22 Assistant Compiler .. K.G.Bafna 23 do. " M.F. khan 24 do. II Kastur Chand Jain-· 25 do. .. S.R. J agdale 2G do. .. Mohd. Israil 27 do. .. S.B. Karandikar 28 do. •• D.S. Sinoria: 29 Daftari (Class IV) .. Hadri Singh 30 do. .. Gaffar Khan

31 Peon II Devendra PraSlid"" 32 do. .. Vithoba 33 do. " BaJa' Singh 34 do. .. Tulsiram 85 do. .. Udairam. 36 Waterman-eum-farrash .. ParasraT:1. Joshi .

(B) Other than nucleus staff 1 Dy. Director of Census Operations Shd K.C. Dubey 2 Lower Division Clerk .. K.M. PhiliP. 3 T"bulation Officer (C. Abstraction and Compilation) .. M.L. Sharma· 4 Computor .. Vishram Singh 5 do. .. C.P. ChaturvedL G Assistant Compiler .. Dilaram 7 do. .. A.S. Verma 8 do. M.L. Verma 9 do. .. P.N. Pande 10 do. .. J .F.D'Souza 11 do. .. R.N.Budhkar.; 12 do. " T.M. Zilpe 13 do] " S.K. Mishra.· APPENDIX III

(Viu Chapce.r 2 . para. 7)

A. CHANDRA SEKHAR D. O. No. 37/10/6a.:AG 4. The work relating to census operations ean be divided to fall under two broad head!, ~i~. ,-ill the census MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS enumeration. and (2) the census tahulation adW'publication REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA. or reportl.

2/A MANSmOH ROAD, 5. The objective of tlte census enumeration is to see NEW DELHI-II. that the entire area in your charge is fully covered without ommis:&ion or overlapping and every individual is enumera. Dall.d, DIGem/Jp 12, 1968. ted and the re1uired p:ou. are fortunate .that you have now succeeded to of the last census recorded by your predecessor wiU help a cantmulng .census O1tice a~d there is a fairly adequate you to take a decision. You have to ·decide whether Aucleu~ ~taft m the Office which contaillS a good number the revenue village or the villag~ panchayat or gram. of expertenced pel'lOJlnel of the previollS cen~us. \\-hile sabha, etc. should be the smallest rural unit for rhe you may thus be spared the initial problem. of setting . purpose of Census. It is always desirable to choose a u~ an office, you will straightaway be di ...ing into the viable and stable unit with definite fixed boundaric:.l. thick of the preparatory measures for the ne~t census These should generally be comparable with the unita the .ucc~ of which will depenrl entirely on your ingenuity of previous censuses. A revenue village with definite leadership and hard work and you shall have to enchUl~ surveyed boupdaries is generally prefered. In IOIDC the State officials at aU levels for census work by your states, Census Officen had thought of recognising even own personal example.. . hamlets ofvillages as units of enumeration and the presenta. tion of primary census data separately for these unitl.· 3: The pattern of Census Opeutions is likely to be This may be feasible at least for the larger hamlets. Since b!1Slcally tlle same as in the pa.t, subject to certain varia. the Ii't of villages with the primary census data proviJed tions that will be e"plained. You will greatly benefit by by th" censllS serves a; an invaluable frame for all types. the Administration keports recorded by your predecessor of future studies, sug!l... tions have also been made that.· of the lut censUl in your State as also of those i:J. other in respect of large villages the primary CCIlSus data may. States as well. You are well adl'ised to go through them be furnilhed for pilra01lS of villages which may constitUte .and get a feeJ. of the proolems that are to be tackled. . separate census enumerator'.; bloch. Suggestion.s. haft. 94 also been made that where a village panchayat is recognised 10. Two or more towns may b~ clustered together ali' a as a census village, the data for individual revenue villages town group when the core town has a population of I 00,000 that may constitute the panchayat should be separately or more and the distance of the adjacent towns does not given. Yay may like to give C&!eful thought to ~ese exceed ten miles &om the periphery of the core town and questions and let me know of your vIews as early as pOllSlble. also there is functional linkage between the town, to be Sometimes, in the midst of unsurveyed areas such as the included in the town group. The intervening area if any tribal agencies, forest areas, etc., groups of habitations between the towns constituting the town group, if it IS> are recognised all rural units in the village series at the rural need not be treated as part of the town group_' census. It will be necessary for you to clearly define the boundaries of such units as to be definitely identifiable II.' Since it is reasonable to expect·~ fairly high growth by any oth~organisation who may like to use the series rate of urban population between 1961 and 1971, you may as a' sampllilg frame. examine the cases of all the class I (population of 100,000 and above) and Clam II (5"OOG to 99,999) towns of 1961 8. T~o broad divisions of areas, w, rural and urban, Census whose populations are likely to reach 100,000 by have always been rccogni!led at the censuses. It will be 1971 and try to locate the possible futuie town groups_ necessary to demarcate these two categories as early as Your predecessor might have already indicated in the possible. The definition of an urban unit as was evolved Administration Report or the General Report of 1961 the in India for adoption at the 1961 Census was as follows :- areas which might deserve· to be treated as town groups.

(a) All places with a municipality, corporation or 12.. The idea of recognisipg the town group is that the cantonment 'or a notified town area. life in the constituent UJ)its of the town group around· a. large urban centre may. be so articulating that it may be (b) All other places which satinfed the following criten. more realistic to give an integrated picture of the group were also recognised as towns;- together in the presentation of the data. The concept of a Town Group referred to in para 10 above may undergo (I) A minimum population of 5,000; further change on the basis of some :!llore fresh thought (2) At least 75 per cent of the male working population being given to it by the Town and Country Planning Orga­ was non-agricultural; and - nisation and other bodies. If there is going to be any change I shall let you know. For the present you may (3) A density of population of at least 1,000 per take action as suggested in para ,I 1 above. sq. mile (390 per sq. km.). 13. Whcn once the State is divided into definite admini- This definition, by and large, had worked well and has 8trative territories down to the snialleSt unit of village 01" brought about some uniformity of concept throughout town, it will be: convenient to develop a location code the country. It is proposed to continue 'the same defini­ under which each district in your state is allotted a dis­ tion at the 1971 Census also which will enable US to have tinguishing code number and within cach district, each better comparability with the data of the last census tahSil or thana is allotted a serial number and ultimately The detailed data of area and population from which within each tahsil or thana every village and town is the density can be derived and the composition of the allotted separate series of numbers so that bY·a combination working force for each rural and urban unit provided at of the code numbers allotted to each one of these units in the 1961 Census will make it easier f?r you to apply the the hierarchy, it would be possible to have a complete criteria laid down above and determme the urban statWl location code, by which any particular village or town more accurately. You may examine the cases of all within a State can be conveniendy inilicated. The towns rural units of 1961 which might have had a population are distinguished from villages by the allotment of a R.oman· of 400il or more a.t the 1.961 CenRus which can be expected code num~er for the town, whereas for the villages, the to have crossed 5000 population mark by 1971, to see if code number will be in Arabic numerals. Thus 3-6-79 the composition of the working force, the densit)' of popu­ will represent village No. 79 in tahsil No.6 of district No.3 lation and other factors would qualify thnsc places to be or 3{6{1I would mean town No. II in tahsil No.6 of district categorised as urban. In the c..:ensus General R.eport No.3.. If it is proposed to recognise each of the larger of your State your predecessor might have already given hamlets for the purpose of giving primary census data it some guidance in this matter. At the same time, you may be necessary to give a sub-number to the main village may also see if there are any areas recognised as urban number as say 19 (i), 79'ii) and so on to identify die at the 1961 Census which did not deserve to continue as hamlet. If to this location code is added within brackets urQap either d,ue to any :reduction in the population sl;jle the house number that may be allotted to a hOWie within or due to .the composition of the working population or a village or town, e. g., 3-6-79 (1-109) we shall have a other' factors.. This work lXlust also be completed as system by which every hOWie and within it every household early· as possible· since you have to develop your location in all local areas can be indicated by a convenient location codes for your State quickly. I expect that your office code'· This will be extremely useful for tbe purpose of might have already done some exercise· in this regard. depiction on the Census Schedules and also wlilIe demar­ Yay may kindly finalise these, get the concurrence of the cating the jurisdictions of census cnumerators. . You may· State GovernlXlent also and let me have the final list of like to acquaint yourself fully with the system of location towns as, quickly as possible. codes that was developed at the 1961 Census_ We shall' follow the same system. However, on an examination of 9. The town group was another concept that' was the location code system last adopted in your State, if you developed at the 1951 Census and followed with a little find any defects, they can be ractified. more liberal definition at the 1961 CensWi. However, it il felt that there wu no uriiform ~plkation of principles in the constitution of town groups. This question was 14. It has been found that in som.e cases, at last census discUssed recendy at a .simiDar of geographers, sociologis~ some local variations had been made by the field staff and economists, town planners and other ~o~ a! Delhi some otber clements such as the enumerator's number and and it has been lusgcUed that the follOWIng enterla may, so on, had been introduced into the location code and it be applied in recognising a group of urban units to cqnsti­ was found that the allocation of slip' to the correct village ture a town group. became difficult at the tabulation stage. It is, therefOre ·~ary to have a uniform and 'well-understood system will be the' guide for the preparation of these village and adopted throughout the State. The location code numbers town layout sketches. ' eould perhaps follow, the geographical contiguity III at . 17· Whi!e. the. above preparations go on, you shOUld 1961 Census rather than the alphabeti~ order. ' also det~'mlne the best agency suitable for census 15. The old location code will have to be brought ~numeratlon w~rk. The experience of 1961 Census uptOdate; taking into consideration the changes, if any, In your State will be useful. By and large, the school in the jurisdictions of any of the administrative boundarie&. teachers proved to be the best agency. This will have to It will be ' ask the local Census Officers to see that all the institu­ that had been issued. In some states, good house numbering tIOns and offices within their jurisdiction do furnish the system may be already in existence and every house may, lists .of all the personnel. It may be good to gather some already be beariDg a prominent house number. In parucUlars about the age and qualifications of the persons othe1'll the painting or affixing of permanent house numbers offered for census work. may take their own time, depending on the finance of the local bodies concerned. But the preparation of a layout 18 •. It will b~ advantageous for you to get the officials plan is an essential preliminary step which should be at vanous levels I. e. , at the District, Sub-division, tahsil! taken up immediately through the normal administrative thana and town level notified Census Officers under the agency of the Government or the municipal or panchayat Census Act as early.as possi!Jle. This will ~so give you administration. This can serve as the basis for you to. the necessary authonty to direct the operatlOus and aIlio allot house numbers which can be indicated on the layout ,make the local Census Officers responsible to you. You sketch and these can be marked on the doors of houses by may get yourself thoroughly acquainted with the provi­ chalk or tar, etc., on the eve of the houselisting operation siOIlll of the C!ensus Ac:t.. The State Governments generally These house-numbering sketches need not be to scale extend all krnds of assIStance to the Census Superinten­ but even notional maps with addequate details to identify dent for the successful completion of the Census Opera­ every house will go a long way in achieving the oqjective tions. Various concessions are also extended to the in view, viz., the ultimate demarcation of the jurisdictionS personnel put on cellllus duty. You may like to get of the enumerator's blocks so as to ensure equitable load on yOU1'llelf acquainted with the instructiollll issued in the, the enumerators and complete coverage of area. In the past and you may persuade the State Government to issue notional maps, not merely should the built up area be suitable instructions to meet the present needs. shown but the entire area of a village within its recognised boundaries. This will enable a complete coverage of the 19' At the last- census, a tradition has been started entire geographical area constituting the village. At the of canvassing a. uniform Houselist with some simple 1961 CCWlUS, at the stage of houselisting, such sketches questions on housing and on which also particulars of the were prepared. The quality of work vastly difiered as the size of the house hold were collected. This Houselist work had to be done in some hurry by some enumerators served the purposes of a Housing Census and yielded themselves. Now, if you start this work even now in a quite val,uable data on housing. The Houselist provided systematic way and get the work completed by the normal an adva?ce estimation of the population for each local administrative machinery, such as the revenue or panchayat area which would enable 'you to demarcate the jurisdi­ ctions of each census enumerator equitably so that they agency at the village level and the municipal 01' cantonment agency at the urban level, you are likely to have tar better are all of more or less uniform size and such that they layout plans that will prove very useful for your work. can be COVCled by the enumerator within the period Four copies of such layout plans could be prepared. one allotted to him. At the next census also a similar House eopy to be kept at the town or village itself, one to be kept list will be canvassed. The houselisting will have to be at the tahsil or police station headquarters, and two copies done about February-April, 1~70 i. e., about an year in to be kept in your office. These maps, if prepared care­ advance of the census enumeration. fully on sheets of uniform size, can be built up into con­ 20. The experience of the last census, as also the lint venient atlases for each tahsil/thana and can serve as pre-test of the draft questionnaires for the 1971, showed invaluable reference material for the purpose of census that the size of the enumerator's block in rural areas may operations as well as for various other statistical or be about 750 to 1000 in population, i. e., about 150 to administrative purposes. You may, therefore, please 200 households, and in the urban areas about 600 to 750 concentrate on the preparation of these layout sketches population, i. e., 120 to 150 house-holds. You shall have immediately. The Manual 011 Permanent HOUIICIlumbering, to get your local charge superintendents to demarcate a copy of which should already be avai1able in your office', 99 the census enumerator's blocb accordingly. The CorIllation of the schedules wai pretested-by the State Oensus Ofiic:ai'. of the enumerator's blocks is most. important and the The papen and proceedings of the ist conference of May ar,e~. of each enumeratot's hlock ..should be clearly defined 1967 for developing the schedules and of January 1968 Wltl,l reference to the boundaries as well as the house in which the 'experience of the pretest were diScussed number~ that actually fall within his block. The house­ should be available in your office and you may like to numbe';1ng layout sketchell, in conjunction with the st,JIdy them. . Househ,t, will enable the charge superintendents to care fully demarcate the census. enummerator's block. The 24. You will have occasion to now pretellt the second census enumerator's blocks so forme; at the census served draft. The experience you will gain at the pretesting of as frame for all typell of future sampling studies as· the census schedules will be valuable. You may have well. A general criticism has been levelled that the the schedules and in,truetiOlls translated and printed cen;;us enumerator's block. were not easily identifiable. locally in your state language. I believe some transala­ It IS true that it may be difficult to reconcile between tion has already been attempted by your staB of the first an area with some natural' phvsica\ boundariell such as draft. This ha, to be merely brought upto "cate to take F~dc and ~treets, and the desired size of population ideally into account the further changes in the schedules and SUIted for an enUlllerator. For census purposes obviously thete ('.an be pretested. Vou may take about WOO urb8ll it is more important that we have blocks of convenient households and 1000 rural households for the pretest'. You population swe to ensure complete and convenient coverage. may, for the purpose of the pretest divide thtm into blocks The enumerator's blocks had ,been generally i.dicated in of about 100. households. You may pretest the hou~e­ the past in terms of merely house numbel'S that cO'lstirote hold forms along with individual slips in half the number a block such as, for examole, along a straight road, house of blocks and the individual slipa alone ill the other half. nu.mber I to house number 150 may form one enumeratOrl You should Iry to engage the sainI" type of enum~ators"tor block and house numbers 151 to 250 may form another the pretest as will be appointed ultimately at the actual enumerator's block depending on the population size census. You may have to get suitable instructions issued S~metimes, the layout may be such that a cluster of housCli by the State Government to the District' OfficCl'S to help will have to be 'allotted to an enumerator. Again in you in the CO!lduct of the pre!est. Ultimately, the res­ a village which has both the built up area as also' the ponsibility ofsuccCS!lful enumeration will fallon your shoul­ cultivated area around with some odd farm houses it dCl'S. You should utilise the opportunity of this pretest wm be, necessary to clearly inriicate the area allotted'to to satisfy yourself tJ::at the concept5 can be fully under­ an enumerator especially if a. large village is divided stood by the enumerators and the :enumerated and that between more than one enumerator. It is desirable that there is no scope for any misintery>retatlo'1. You- shall in an over-all control map of the village the jurisdiction have to int::nsively train the local officers in charge of the of each individual census enumerator's block should be pretest work who should, in turn, train the field enumeratOl'S dearly demarcated and shown, even if the enumerator's thoroughly. An irn!,ortant document which the enumera­ block may be linear merely followin~ a row of hOllse num­ tor will be Iequired to fill at the next census is the enumera­ bCl'S along a street. At the same time, it may be advan­ rator's Abstract which is quite different from what was tageous to get each enumerator to prepare a separate adopted at the 1961 Census. In the Abstract now i>re­ sketch of the area allotted to him in which he can set out scribed for the 1971 Census, the enumerator will be in little more detail all the landtnarb and all the indivi-' required to ,'carefully post some data from each indivi­ ~ual ho.JSes that constitute his block. The name of the tual slip at the end of each day and ultimately the entries .treet along which his jursdiction may lie and also the :lie all totalled and an abstract for the enumerator's .amell of the adjoining streets and localities can be shown. block is prepared on completion of enUlJleration, Parti­ This may gceady help in ea,ier identification of the enume­ cular importance is attached to this as it is proposed to rator's blocks in future. The census enumerator can be releaSe the provisional population data after the actual r~uired to furnish this sketch along with the enumeration census is over on the basis of the totals that these abstract abstract which he would be required to furnish at the pI-ovide. I would like. you to particularly a.css to what end of census enumeration. extent the enumerator lias been able to post the data in his abstracts accurately. The cen~us supervisors should . 21.. In several urban area! the National Sam91e Survey be made particl1larly rellponsible for the correct pOsting organisation ha1 already.prepared an urban area frame. of these IItatmenta. Tliis was used at the 1961 Census in some states for the purpose of forming the Census enumerator's blocL-s. 25. '\\>e shall finalise the schedules and instructions for You may exambc if the urban area frame so prepared the actU'll census soon after you com;>lete YOUI' pretest aDd is easily identifiable on ground and if the censu' enumera­ we shall have occasion to diacUIII your esperience at a. tor's blocks can be conveniently formed as to conform to thi, frame. .' . - ' meeting before we finali.'IC them.

22. A special feature of the 1971 Oensus will be that 26~ Besides the decennial census operatiOJl.l, the State in 10 per cent of the ennmeration blocks in urban areas Census Offices are charged with the responsibility of and .10 per cent of rural villages a separate household form handling several other projects such as the Annual Sam­ wiD also be canvassed besides an individual slip that will :pIe Census , Sample Registration, .Social S~udies and so be canvassed on a universal basis. .The instructions for on. You may get yourself acqualnted WIth the work the sampling design and the selection of the sample will already going on in these various fields. Your main concen­ be issued to you separately from this office in due course. tration should, however, be on the successful completion It i~ adequate for you 1:0 know at this stage that it will be of the 1971 Census Operations. ' Ilecessary for you to nave a gOod frame of the enumerator's blocks frl?m which the sample will have to be selected. ... 27. AI. in the past the censu~ enumeration of the For these sample bloCks a slightly better qualified enume­ household population ~i11 be spread over a period of about rator wlio may be a graduate or at least a matriculate, 19 days from 10th February 1971 to 28th February 1971 ~rpos:;ibJe, should be appointed. with a revisional round of three days from 1St March SQ as to bring .the data uptodate as at sunrise of 1st March i, .23. A set of the second draft schedules that have been 1971, which would be the reference date. fa!. the 1971 developed for' the next censUs is, ell.closcd., Copies of .Censwi. TIi e houseleis PCl'Sons may have to be enumerated the instructions for filling theIll will follow. The fitst draft by a: single night enumeration on the 28th February 1971-. ~:';·!97

,'.In; tlJ.~. ar.cas d~lt of .access.ibili~ .ltoQ.-'sync;;hronous festival). . I t should be possible lI;t the next c:~u' 'to have en,.iraeFatipn. will have to .be resorted to .sprc:a~. oy~. a the provisional figur.es .even earher.. The revlSlDnal-r.o1ll1d is expected to completed 'by~ .~rd March .19'1~ itself. loDger time., :The e~perience of 1961 Cens\ls. ~n your ·lIe .. S~!;fI:_itory will·be usefUl. It is likely that ~lnc<; 1-961 I had already referred to the form of Enumerator s Abs­ _eva-al' . of. the' inaccessible ,areas migh t have been opened tract prescribed for the ne~t census .. If these. are care- up with better communications and the developmental "fully posted "by tbe e~ut;nenrt~ the~ ;and :thm.-e each day activities 1I1&y have made available adequate person~d · .there should' be no dl£fl:CUlty .In :commumcatmg ·'the 'pro- · 'visi9nal figvres :l>y,.the targetted time .. ,:By -careful or­ to :ser.ve as ·.ce lSUS enumeration staff so 'that el'\umeratl~!1 It bi.such ,areas. can·.:be .;carried 'out at the same·.time. .•s 10 ganisation and effic~nt .system .',?f :.relay shQ!.l~d 'be 'pOss­ 'the rest of the country. You . may like to ·exami:ne. thia. ible ,for us to pubbsh the pr.ovlsiQnal. .populatlon totals .almost immediately .. .afte.r ...the completion of ··cenliU8~ enu- · meration. . ".... ;.' 28. The inten,jve training .&f the ccelUl1S pcrsoir'iiel at .: .~'.. : .- . ," the ~rio\lB levels from the District staft down to the actual ., ' .. ,?, enumerator will be one of the most important items of census operations. Much of the success of the census will "., '32; . Immediately :after the- enumeratiQn 'i~ •~d depend on the quality of training imparted. You will '~the .census sChedules will hav.e to pe received at a'~umber undoubtedly be assisted by a good number of Deputy .' i>f regiorial tabulation office.. A regio!!$! talrulatioll:·oftlice Superintendents of Census Operations whom you shall · will have· to 'be ope_n"d to. cO\'e~ 5 t!>.~ .~iIlion p.opuhLtion. have to appoint adequately in ad~nce. Most of them · It will be necessary to secure bUlldingil ..for this. .pt1J1p&se will'lhavJ:oiO bem .pOsition by the end of 1969. You shall adequately in advance. You may have to be in the look have to undertake training programme for the house­ out for them even from the end of 1969. As at 1961 Census listing from early in 1970 and' then after the census one Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations will be enumeration blocks are formed and census enumerators appointed for each one of the regional tabulation office. appointed, the training of the em#neration stati will have · it is proposed to appoint these Deputy Superintendents to be taen up in the second half of 1970. It is important. even from about December 1969 so that they may assist that the District Census Officers, Charge Superintendents' you in the houselisting programme from early 1970 and in eharge of Tahsils, Towns and special areas etc. should also later on in supervising the formation of enumerator's be very thoroughly trained first as they have to train up blocks and the training of census personnel' The ex­ in turn the other census personnel under them. Every perience of 1961 showed that these Deputy Superintendents census worker should receive not merely theroretical appointed adequately in advance can be of great assis­ training but should have adequate practical training in tance to the Census Superintendent. You should be on actual enumeration. Each should practice enumerate' a the look out for capable, energetic and dedicated members good number of households before completion of the of the State Civil Service whose services could be secured training. Your predecessor of 1961 must have already on deputation from December 1969. These Deputy laid ~WD guide lines in this regard and might have also Superintendents when appointed could immediately luggested improvements of procedure. You shall have locate buildings for opening regiohal tabulation offices to give careful attention to the training programme. I later on they will have to recruit a large number of enclose for your information a circular on train!ng issued sorters, train them, control them and get the Primary at the 1961 Census in Andhra Pradesh which you may sorting and tabulation done as quickly as possible. find of lOme use' .

29. Apart from the careful training of the census enu­ meration staff it is important that the citizens should also 33. In the regional tabulation office. the sorting of be fully informed of the objectives, utility and contents of the schedules for producing the primary census data for the census. An effective publicity programme such as the smallest unit of the village in the rural area and the through newspapers, radio talk., posters, school lessons, enumerator's blocks in -the urban area wiIl have to be block extension services, film strips and various other taken up manually as was done at the 1961 Census. 'The media should be lau.lched at tbe appropriate stages. other tabulations are proposed to be' done by taking a sample of the individual slips. Therefore at the regional tabulation office the drawing of the sample schedules will 30. The entire census organisation should be fully be an important item of work' A team of carefully trained keyed .up· and kept at a complete state of readiness to ~taft may have to be earmarked for this purpose. It 'is launch on the census enumeration as progranuned. tentatively proposed to tabulate 10 per cellt of rural slips For this purpose you should draw up a census calendar and 20 per cent of urban slip.. The 10 per cent of the indicating the various targetted dates by which each of rural slips may be manually IOrted and tabulated at the preparatorY measures of the census eumeration should State Headquarters and 20 per cent of the urban slips may be completed. The census calendar drawn up for 19.61 be processed through computers. This means that 'cards Census can help you draw up the calendar for the ned may have to be punched to take the data of the 20 per census. You should constalltly review the progress of cent of the urban slips. The data from the household work and assure that the target ted dates are adhered to forms which are canvaaed in 10 percent sample areal! at each step. A mass operation such as the census can will be fully processed. Adequate number of persons IUcceed only if each stage of the operation is planned and will have to be trained at each State Head-quarters to lee executed carefully according to a definite programme that by the time the punching of cards is taken up the • trained punch operators are available. Further detailed inatructions will issue in due course. 31. The provisional population totals will have to be announced 8B early as possible after the completion of census enumeration. At the 1961 Census the provisional totals of several states were relayed to the Registrar Ge> 34. The data on the Houselist may be processed by neral as early as 7th March 1961. The provisional totals about 20 per cent sampling of the entries which will be of districts had started reaching the Census Superinten­ coded and transferred to punch cards. The key punch dents immediately after the revisionaI round was over i.,. installations and the trained key punch operators should 5th March 1961' (In 1961 the revisional round was therefore. beln poation in eaeh of the State Census Offic:el extended till 5th March 1961 due to intcrVc:oing Ho1i even by about March/April 1970. "'98

. . liS. Details of the tabulation programme and the 37. While the DistriCt Census Handbooks had· proved illltructiOJlll for IOl'ting ilDd tabulation will issue in due extremely meful in the put we shall give lOme thought as coune from the Registrar General's ofJice. to what form they sbould take at the next Census 110 that they c:ould be brought out as early as possible after the census enumeration is completed. 36. Details of the publication programme for the 1971 Censua will be worked out in due course in consulatation with the Censm Superintenden". The limitations of 38. We have a great task ahead and I have little doubt printing proved to be one of the greatest bottle-necks at that the Censw Organisation will fulfil its responsibility the 1961 Census. We shall discws and decide how best the. way.it haa always done'· ... . t.o get over it at the ·1971· Census; In' the meantime, any suggestions you may have in this regard ....iIl be wdcome. . Wishing YOLl every IUCCCU •.. Generally much time is 1000t between the completion of census Qperations and the availability of the cenBW data to the public. It would appear dC'Jirable to publish as . qUickly as pOiSible handy pop·ularversiiins, well illustrao

o ted. giving Out several basiC censuS data which are oC 'lours sincer-ely, . .- great ~ and interest tothe government arid the public. Sil· o The prunary census. da ta will have to be published as .. 'luick.lyas possible. (A. CHANDRA SEKIIAR) APPENDIX IV

. (Vide Cbapte~ III. Para 28)

Number of copies S. No. of Subject mattet issued Circular r----...... -----.. English Hindi 1 .. 3 4 5 1971 Census Operations l,ooU 2 General Village Register and Charge Register. 250 27,500 G. V. R. and Charge Registenl;; 1971.] were to be received by 15-12-69.

3 Building numbering in Urban Areas 800 5,000 Numbering of buildings "'as to be completed by p~c., 1969__

4 Census Calendar 750 (Calendar 1,500)

5 Filling of the Houselist and Establishment Sche­ 1,000 27,500 (i) NationaP maps were to t:r dules. cempleted by 81-3-1970. (jj) 'fraining to 1c- H III ]. tuli by 31-3-1970. 6 Despatch of record after filling in the Houselist 550 HOl1selists aDd EstabJish.lllmt. and Establishment Schedules. Schedules were to be tie8p!ltchecl. by 15-7-1970. 7 Preparation of final Charge Register 500 8 Delineation of urban agglomerates and prepara­ 550 550 Abridged Houselists ,,"ere.' tion of abridged houselist. be prepared by 31-tO-]~

9 Training of individual enumeration 451) 450, Trainers' training to be ' COla pleted by80-11-1970and~. ing for Supervisors aJId. Enumerators by 31-1-1971., 10 Important instructions regarding filling up the 1,00,000 Individual Slip.

II 1971 Census Operations Importance of publicity 450·

12 Regarding provisional population totals and send­ l;oo,OOO Communication of provisioDaIJ; ing of Census records to Tabulation Offices. population figures by 5tJa. April 1971. APPENDIX V (Vii' Chapt8l' III. Para 28)

Serial number of Circular NUIIlber of clarifications/amendments issued

2

2 8 3

:;" J7 G 7 8 8 II 7 III 1l U 4 U UJ 101

APPENDIX VI (VMs Chapter IV. Para at)

H.L. and E.S. H.L. and E.S. H.L. and E .5. Name of the District received bet- received bet- received after ween 16·7·70 ween 24·7·70 31·7·70 -23·7·70 -31·7·70

2 3 4 Rajgarh 17-7 1970 2 Raisell 17-7-1970 3 Datia 18-7·1970 4 Sbahdol 18·7-1970 5 Jhabua 18-7·1970 6 Dbr 18·7-1970 7 Khargone (\Vest Nimar) 18-7·1970 8 Khandwa (East Nimar) .. 18-7·1970 9 Sehore 18-7·1970 10 Seoni 18·7·1970 11 Bilaspur 18-7·1970 12 Indore 20·7.1970 13 Morena 21·7·1970 14 Damoh 21-7·1970 15 Chhatarpur 22·7·1970 16 Sagar 22·7·1970 17 Raigarh 22·7·1970 18 Sidhi 23·7·1970 19 Mandla 24·7·1970 20 Cbhindwara 24·7·1970 21 Gwalior 26-7-1970 22 Surguja. 30·7·1970 23 Mandsauf 31·7-1970 24 Na.rsitnhapur 31-7-1970 25 Rewa· 1-8-1970 4-8-1970 26 Panna. .. 7-8-1970 27 Durg 12-8-1970 28 Raipur 14-8-1970 29 Ujjain 14·8-1970 30 Bastar 11-9-1970 31 Jabalpur

H. L.: Houselist E. S.: Establishment Schedule 102

APPENDIX VII (Vide Chapter VII, Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURi.NGDONE BY SHRIA. K. PANl)VA, DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADHYA PRADESH

Places visited Month Days of Night ~------~------~----~ tour halts Outside the State Within the State ~------~------~ Districts TahsiIs

2 3 4 5 6

May. 1969 9 7 New Delhi July. ]969 3 Rat1a.tI1 September. 1969 15 10 Darjeeling October. ]969 4 2 Indore. Dewas, Ujjain. November, 1969 4 3 Vidisha, Sagar, Chhatarpur, Panna. ~ .- 01 ~ November, 1969 - 3 1 New Delhi December, 1969 10 5 Damoh, Jabalpur, Mandla, Chhind- wara, Indore(2), Dhar. January, 1970 14 6 Shahdol, Khandwa, Katni (Murwal'a). Guna, Shivpuri, Datia, Gwalior, Morena, Bhind, Sehore, Sagar. February. 1970 4 1 Ratlam, Dhar, Shajapur, Vidisha, Jhabua. March,1970 8 6 Ambikapur, Ral- Manendragath, garh,Bilaspur,l'urg Dhamtari. Kanker. (2), Raipur, Jagdal- pur (2). ApriJ.1970 12 9 Jabalpur(2), Rewa, Khajurabo (Chha- Sidhi, Satna, tarpur) , Biaora. Panna(2), Shajapur. Ujjain, Dewas, Indore, Dhar. May, 1970 3 2 Sohagpur, Pach- marm (Sohagpllr). May. 1970 9 S Indore, Sagar, Piparia (Sohagpur)- Narsimhapur, Ja.- Gotegaon(Narsimha- balpur, Mandla, pur). Balaghat, Chhind- wara, Betul, Gwa- lior. 103

1 2 3 '4 5 6 June, 1970 15 5 Ma.dras(2), Tirachi- Ratlam ------paIIi, CourtaJiam. ·Kanyakuinari, Tiru- chendu, Manda-pam, Bangalore. July, "1970 6 2 Indore (2), Khar- gone; August, 1970 4 2 New Delhi September, 1970 "1"1 3 Tikamgarh, G'walio:r, Neemuch, Ehilai Ujjain, Mandsaur, (Durg), Niwari, Ratlam. Indore, Rajnandgaon. Raipur. October, 1970 16 5 Sagar, Jabalpur, Seoni, Chind- wara(2). November, 1970 19 9 Indore (2). Khandwa, Burhanpur, Kanker, Gwalior. Hoshan~ Mungeli, Dante- gabad, Sehore. wara, katni Durg, Raipur, (Murwara). Jagdalpur, Hilas- pur, Jabalpur. December, 1970 17 11 Damoh, Panna, Ratni (Murw"-ra), Satna, Rewa, Bhanpura, Gandhi- Chhatarpur, Rai- Sagar (Bhanpura), garh, Ratlam, Neemuch. Dhar(2), Jhabua. Indore. January, 1971 3 2 New Delhi Pebruary, 1971 16 8 Vidisha, Raisen, Manendragarh. Shahdol, Amhika- pur, Raigarh, Bilas- pur, Guna, Shivpuri Datia, Tikamgarh. Sagar, Hosbanga- bad, Betal, Chhind- wara, Seoni, Bala- ghat, NarSimhapur.

March. 1971 14 3 Gwalior(2). Dewas, Khargone, Ujjain, Jabalpur, Indore. 104 APPENDIX vii' . (Vide Chapter VII, Para 50) ST ATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SHRI R.C. SAKSENA, DEPUTY-DIRECTOR OF CEN3US OPERATIONS, GWALIOR DIVISION, GWALIOR •

Places visited Days of Night Outside the ------~------~ Month ~ ______Within A~the State______'. ~ tour halts State Districts Tahsils Villages

2 3 4 5 6 7

July, 1970 14 5 Morena(4), Bhind, Ambah, Sheopur, Dabra. Datia,Shivpuri(4), Bijaypur, Sabal­ Guna. garh, Jaora, Pichhore. Pohri, KoIaras. August, 1970 4 2 Guna (2), Bhind. Ra!!,hogarh, Cha- Binaganj. ehora.. September, 1970 2 Bhopal (Sehore) .• October, 1970 1 Bhind Maharajpur. November, 1970 7 3 Bhopal (Sehore). Shivpuri, Guna.

December, 1970 8 2 Datia, Morena, Tekanpur(2) Dabra(2). Shivpuri, Guna. January, 1971 3 Maharajpur(3) • February, 1971 5 3 Guna (2), Datia Maharajpur. March,1971 7 2 Datia. Morena, Maharajpur. Shivpuri, Guna, Bhind. 105

APPENDIX VII (Vide ·Chapter VII Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SHRI V. V. BAKOREY. DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS. REWA DIVISION REWA.

Places visited Month - Days of Night tour halts r------Outside the ... ------.,Within. tht· State State r----- .A. - ---,..;....---.. Districts TahsiIs Villages

2 3 5 6 7

AUgust. 1970 15 9 satna. Chhatarpur. Nagod Umaria. Tikamgarh. Bho­ pal (Sehore). Shahdol (2).

September,1970 14 Sidhi. Shahdol(3). Sirmour. Mauganj, Panna.. Raipur. Ma.iha.r.Teonthar.

October. 1970 13 Satna(2). Chhatar- Nagod. Maihar. Fated. Nain- pur. Tikamgarh Amarpatan. tara. (2), Sidhi. Jatara.

November, 1970 16 . 8 Satna(2). Panna (2). Shahdol (2). Sidhi(2). Chhatar­ pur, Tikamgarh. December. 1970 14 10 Chhatarpur. Ti­ Deosar. Singa.-. Churhat, Un- kamgarh. Panna, rauli, Nagod, chehara. Satna, Sidhi, Amarpatan. Mai- Shahdol. bar. January, 1971 _- 12 7 satna (3), Shah­ Chitrakoot. dol. Tikamgarh. February, 1971 4 2 Panna,TIkamgarh. March, 1971 13 4: Sidhi(2), ChhBtar- Bijawar. Laundi, Khajuraho. Go- pur (3), Shah- Beohari. vindgarh. dol, Satna, Panna, Tikam­ garb. 106

APPENDIX V-II (Vide Chapter VII Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SBRI M. Y. HOLKAR. DEPUTY DIREcrOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS. INDO'RE DIVISiON. INDORE.

,-______Places•. __..A. visited lI;Ionth Days of Night -----...... tour halts Outside the Within the State .J... ______~', State .,----- DiStricts TahsUs villages 2 S 4 5 6 7 November,1969 2 1 Bhopal (Sehore) .• December,1969 5 1 Mandsaur, Rat­ lam. January, 1970 13 10 Jhabua, Dhar. J acra, Sailana .. Khargone, Khan­ dwa. Dewas, Ujjain. Maud­ saur, Ratlam. February, 1970 16 7 Mandsaur, Dhar, Barwaha, Mbow. • Meghnagar., Ratlam, Ujjain, Dewas, Khar­ gone, Khandwa, Jhabua (2). March. 1970 -is 6 Jhabua (2), Karrnod(2), Kha- Meghnagar, 'Ujjain. tegoan, 'Ihandla, Onkareshwar. Maheshwar, Kas- rawad, Sonkatch, Tarana, Depal- pm, Kha.ct.rod, 5ardarpur. April. 1970 5 1 ·Dhar (2), Ujjain, Sawer 1I!Iandu. Dewas. May, 1970 6 3 Jhabua(S) 'fhandla, labat, Meg'hnagar. Kasrawad, Raj­ pur, Badwani. June, 1970 5 2 Bhopal (Sehore) .• Khategoan July, 1970 2 Khargone. Dewas Budhibasti. August, 1970 5 2 Jabalpur, Bhopal (Sehore). September. 1970 8 S Ujjain, Dh8r,Rat­ lam (2), Mand­ saur, Jabalpur, Raipur. October, 1970 8 5 R:Upur(2), Jag­ Dantewara, Sen- Kirandul. . dalpur(2),Bhopal dhwa, Bhikan- (Sehore), Kha.r­ goan. gone. November, 1970 16 9 Khandwa . (2), Burhanpur, Bad­ lhabua(2), Dhar nawar. Sawer. (2), Khargone \2), Ratlam (2), Mandsaur (2), Ujjain (2),Dewas. December. 1970 8 s Dewas(2), Bhopal Sonkatch (2), Arjun-&roda. (Sehore), Rat­ Sawer. lam. Dhar (3), Jhabua, Ujjain. January, 1911 8 5 Khandwa (2), Burhanpur, Ja- 1I!Iundi, Khalwa, Jhabua, Ujjain. bat, Depalpur. Nepanagar, MeghDagar, Panth-pipliya. March,1971 6 8 Dewas(3), Khar­ Sawer, Burwaha. Pirbandia, Sana­ gone (2), Ujjain wad•. (2), Khandwa. 167

APPENDIX VII (Vidjl Chapter VII Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SHRI K. C. DUBEY, DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, BHOPAL DIVISION, BHOPAL.

Places visited Month Days of Night ,-.------~- -"------"I tour halts Outside the Within the State State r------"- ___ ..... Districts Tahsils Villages

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

JUly-August, 1969 20 17 Bangalore Jabalpur .. (17.), Mysore, Ahmedabad. September, 1969 1 Vidisha January, 1970 11 7 Raisen, Vidisha, Ashta., Biaora(2). Betul, Hoshanga- bad, Rajgarh, Shajapur.

February. 1970 9 3 Hoshangabad, Ashta, Basoda " Bercha, Mandi. Vidisha, Shaja- Bamora, Kur- pur, Betul. wai. March, 1970 12 9 New Delhi April, 1970 4 1 Betul, Vidisha, Biaora Ujjain,

May, 1970 5 3 Rajnandgaon August. 1970 7 Jabalpur September, 1970 11 7 Ahmedabad, Raipur Mount Abu.

October, 19'70 2 Rajnandgaon 108

APPENDIX VII (Viele Chapter VII Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SHRI N.- K. BHIMTE, DEPUTY,DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, BHOPAL PIVISION, BHOPAL. '

Places visited Month Days of Night ,...--- .A. ---.... tonr halts O!ltside the Within the State lState r------...A... •..Ir--~ Districts Tahsils Villages 2 3 4 5 6 7

November, 1970 19 9 Vidisha (2), Rai- BhainSdehi sen (2), Rajgarh (2), Shajapur (2), Betnl (3), Hoshangabad(2), Sehore (2). December, 1970 24 11 Sehore(4). Betul Ichhawar, Nasrul- San "hi, Baira- (4), Raisen (3), laganj, Ashta, garh, Tawa- Narsingarh, Raj- Khilchipnr,Biaara ,nagar, Itarsi, garh, Hoshanga- Budni, Multai, Chicholi. bad. Bhainsdebi. January. 1971 6 '2 RaiseD, Sehore(3). Begarnganj

February, 1971 9 2 Sehore(4) Shujalpur, Bera.~ia Ichhawar, G;)b.ar- ganj(2). March,1971 4 2 Vidisha, Sehare •• ' Sarangpur, Susner, Asbta. APPENDI;{ vit (Vide'Chapter VII, Para 50) . STATEMENI SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SHRI B. B. SHRIVASTAVA,DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, 'J ABALPUR D1VIHON, JABALPUR.

Places visited " -Month Days Night r------"",------.-----.-~ of ',halts Outside Within the State tour the State ,---~----,,------..... Districts Tahsils Villages --,-_.. _---,-,------2 3 " 5 6 7 December, 1969 13 6 Bhopal (Sehore) Damoh (2), Mandla, Seo· m, Chhindwara. Jalluary, 1970 15 8 Shahdol,Balaghat, Katni(2). Mandla, Sama, Panna, Rewa(2), Sidhi. February, 1970 10 6 Balaghat, Mandla, .. Satna, ShahdoI, Sidbi, Rewa Panna. Man:h,1910 3 1 Sehore Dindorl April, uno 8 6 Rewa, Sidhi, Sa- Baihar Khajuraho, Ma­ tna, Panna (2), jhgawan, Ran­ :Ma.ndla, Balaghat. ha, Supkhar. May, 1970 '} 4 :BaJagbat (2), Seo- Gotegaon Kanha. ni-Chapara, Satna, Rewa, N arsiDlha· pur, Mandla, Ch· hindwara. June, 1910 9 4 Sagar, BhopaJ(ge- Darnoh, l:tattli(2), Jebeta, Hinota- hore), Balaghat. Lakhnadone. kala, Garha- , kota, Chapa.~. July, 1910 10 5 :Narshnhapu)" GadanVara, Ky­ Bhopal (Sel1ote J, more, Katni, katangi. Septebl.ber, 1970 a 2 Raipur 'October, 1970 '} 3 Sagar(2), 'Seonl, Khurai, Lakhna· Bina, Parasia, Chhindwa.ra(2). done. Jamal, Timi', 'November, 1910 22 10 Chhindwara(2), Damoh .. 5ooni(2), Balaghat (2), Mandla (2), Narsimhapur(2), Sagar (2).

.1 Bhdpal (Sebol'e); Damoh(2), Matta, ]abeta, Surlakka, Sag4r, Narsim- Amarwa.ra. Parasia, Chat- hapur. ttai. February, 19'1 Mandla, :l3alagbat. Match,.19'1 Seoni, Chhindwata.. 110

APPENDix vii (Vide Chapter VII. Para 50) STATEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE BY SRRI B. K. BRADRA. DEPUTY. DIREctOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS. BILASPllR DIVISION. BILASPVR. ----- .. -., ------"------__ -_._-_ .. -.-.------~--- Places visited - Montb Days Night r-- ... ------_._.A. ______-_-_~ to halts OutsideState the ,---____WithinoA.. the ______State ,_____ ..... tour Districts Tahsils Villages ...... __..• --- _. __ .__ ' .. - --.------_--_-_._--_.. _---_._._-_._------1 2 3 4 5 6 7

March. 1970 4 2 Durg, Raipur April. 1970 19 9 Raigarh(2), Jabal­ Katghora. Mun­ Naila, Katnl. pur, Shahdol(2), geli, J anjgir. Sa­ Janakpur, Kor· Amoikapur(2)Rai­ kti, Gharghoda, 00, Champa. pur. Ramanujganj. May, 1970 12 6 Raigarh Dharamjaigarh, Kharsia, Pa· J aspurnagar. tbalgaon, Kota Manendragarh (2). Baikunthpur, Surajpur, Saran- garh. Jllne, 1970 10 4 Ambikapur, Bho­ Manendragarh(3). Takhatpu.r,· pal (Sehore). July. 1970 11 -4 Raigarb (2) Sakti. ]aspur- Kargiroad(Kota nagar, Mungeli. Akaltara, Pen. ora-road, Fa· thalgaon, Cha­ mpa, Korba, Kharsia. August, 1910 12 Ambikaput Mancndragarh(4), Cbirimiri, Jha Ram'l.nujganj, grakhand (Col. Surajpur, Baikun- liery), Kbatsia thpur, Sarangarh (2). September, 1970 .. 3 2 Raipur November, 1970 9 7 Raigarh(3). Am- Manendragarh •. bJkapur (2). lJecember, 1970 6 ChamI?3.1'akha. tpUT,Akllltara, Naila. Malturi, Lonni. January, 1911 8 Ambika.pllr Mancndragarh (2), Kelhari, Chirl· Udaipur. miri, Khedga· wa, Pandi. February, 1971 12 8 ,. Ambikapnr, Ra!­ Manendragath, Kansbel,Champa, garh (4). Katghora, Dharamjaigadil, J asputnagar, Janjgir. March, 19'1 II 3 Aznbikaptzt, Ua.!· Kota. AlIlall, garb.. BilUbeUd, No\t'· ..... ____""g&o-.!'::--.- _'" III

APPENDIX VII (Vide Chapter Vl1. Para. 50) STA TEMENT SHOWING TOURING DONE By S]fRT B. P. J AtN. DEPUTY DIRECTOB OP CENSUS OPERATIONS, RAIPUR DIVISION, RAIPUR. ._----_...... -~ ---- _ Places visited Month Days Night ~------~------~ of tour halts Outside Within the State the State r------.A.------.,Districts Tahsil! Villages

2 S 4 5 G 7-

November. 1969 7 2 Bhopal (5ehore). ]abalpur. Mandla. December. 1969 8 4 Mandla.. Durg. Bhopal (Sehore).

January. 1970 17 9 Jagdalpur, Durg. BalodahazaT. Mana, Rajim.. BilaspuT. Raigarh Dhamtari, Nayapata.Sarai- (2), Amhikapur. Sarangarh. pali.

February. 1910 15 6 Durg. Jagdalpur. Kondagaon (3). Raigarh (2), # Nat'ayanpur, Ambikapur (2). Ranker, SUrajpuf, Bilaspur. Dhamtari, Gariabanrl. Balodabalar.

Marcll. 1970 7 3 Durg (3). Khairagarh. Bhilai, Jagdalpur. Kanker (2). Na.yapara. Dhamtari, Sanjui·Ba]Qd.

April,1970 14 6 Durg. Mandla (2). Baloda.bazar. Kukurcli. Jabalpur. Bhatapara. Saraipali, Gariaband. Khalt'agarb., Rajnandgaon. Bametara, Rawardha (2). Ranker (2), Bhanupratappur.

May. 1970 18 3 Jagdalpur (2), Kanker, Kondagll.on Kirandul, Durg (2). (2l, Narayanpur. Saraipali. Dantewada, Babda- Pathora, Zalap. hazar (2), Sanjari- Sirpur. Dalli. Balod, Rajhora, Bhilai, Dhamtari, Marod, Kharora Maba.sa.mund Neora., 1otan,,: Bametara Mandhar, Kawardha, Simga, Arang, Dongargarh, BiIaigarh. Bhatapara Tumgaon (2), Gariaband. Nawapara. Baihar. Fingeshwar Bhatgaon . - -_.._ ._------.. ----~~ 112·

t 2 3 4 5 6 7

Jun~ 1970 6 2 Mandla, DUfg Rajnandgaon Bhilai, ,Khi1thatbf, Nandai, Motipur, SakoU, WUatlt- pur.

July, 1970 8 3 Bhopal (Sehote), Gwalior. August, 1970 I" 8 Durg (2) Balodabalar, SarafpaU, Mahasa.mund, Gokulpur, Rajnandgaon! Sorfdbhata; . Balod, Bametara, lta.tkeshwar, ICawardha, Bathllnanema, Dhamtari, Kanker Nawalgaon, (2), Kondagll.on. Bhatapara.

September, 1970 5 3 Jagdalpur,Durg Bafbllr October, 1970 10 4 Jagdalpur(2) BaJoda-bllllar, .. Saraipall. Bemetara, Kawardha, Khairagarh, Rajnandgaon, Kanker, Kondagaon, . Narayanpur, Dantewada.

November, 1970~ 13 7 Jagdalpur (3), Kondagaon. Mana. Durg (3). Dhamtari, Kanker, Dantewara, Garlaband, Mahasamund, Bhanupratappur, Balod. December, 1970 22 4 Dqrg Kawardha (2), piparia,Cbarma, Gariaband, SolIUli, SeJud, Bemetara, Gundardehi, Rajnandgaon, Sighora, Kopr a, Baloda-bazar, Baghera, Kanker; Komkhan) Dongargarh, Nagri,SaraipaU, Mahasamund, Khamria, Kasdol, Balod. Bhllai. Jah~ry, 1971" 7 3 Jagdalpur (2), Durg Dubba, Tildan- eora, GurnrwalU, Ra~hora. February, 1971 9 3 ]agdalpur Kanker, Baloda- S.. raipali, bazar, Kondagaon. PakhanjLlr. Narayanpur(2) , Dalod. March,1971 5 Durg. J agdalpur Dhamtari, Konrla- gaon.(2l.· t,-... '''':- .,... .. ~ ~--.. ,---?,,~

.1 APPENDIX. VIII ( Viele Chapter VII Para 55 ) . 1t~~~ m«if ~T4t1C11' SI~ fifl1T't

~-~~~,~. am:.-'I~H~'" ('I),~, ~ ~ fwRl'" ~~lSo. Slm, ~rimf, .... ~W. fq".rl~ ~ t~lSt ~ ~ Cfl'{"I' ~. u~ii\if.f.lol,," t~\9t ~P;liTq~ t~lSt ~~ fEfil!T~. ~~m~~~ ftN ~ rtl 8I'llfIl'Aidl l[Prl. arrqlfiT t, f~ t '\ IS 0 ~ lJ: ~

q64Sj~!!I. f«l.--~r Etmi t'\'3t ~ ~.

wrrr..q SI""!lJ'm'if f

~ arfir;r.~ Nqr 411fT lifT R; ~i if ~ cr~ ~ 'a'!flIT41 ~ t \ f~ t ~ \3 0 ~ 'C§: lfI'i! ~ arcrftl if fif;!fr '"i'~. wmrr rnT l1'i! arcrftr sri!" t Y. m t '\ '3 t alii ~ limn ~. ~i{'I ,irr, ~ij'f;rcr, 't'64'm wmor, «n:rr;zr ~mT4J'. 'lti't':'" t~Y.~-~v.o.~ ('I), "Tq'~, ~rri'cfi t t 't'T", ~'\9~. srfuf~.- t. ~~, lf~1mI"I'; ~ ~ ~, -q~i ~ ;CflIT4TTSlf~, ~!!T; ~ CfiT SIR an

AppENDIX IX ( ViIl, Chapter VH, Para 5S )

Sl. Allotment of Miiesto~ No. NI'Ole of D1atrlct DlOnthly P.O.L. covered each . charges month

1 2 3 4

Rupees Morena 250 500 2 Bhind 125 .250 3 Gwalior 150 800 4 Datia 75 150 5 Shivpuri 200 400 6 Guna 200 .' ,400' 7 Tikamgarb, 125 .250 8 ChhataTpur 175 ; 350 9 Panna 150 300 10 Satna 150 'aoo 11 Rewa 125 250 12 Shahdol 275 550 13 Si4hi 200 400 14 Mandsaur 200 400 15 Ratlam. 125 250 16 Ujjain 125 250 17 Jhabua 150 300 18 Dhar .. 150 300 19 Indore 150 300 20 Dewas 150 300 21 West Nimar (Khargone) 250 500 22 East Nimar (Khandwa) 200 400 23 Shajapur 125 . 250 24 Rajgarh 125 250 25 Vidisha 150 300 26 Sehore 200 400 : 27 Raisen 175 350 28 Hoshangabad 200 400 29 Betul 200 400 30 Sagar 200 400 31 Damoh 150 300 32 Jabalpur 200 400 33 Narsimhapur 100 200 34 Mandla 250 500 35 Chhindwara " 250 500 36 Seoni 175 350 37 Balaghat 175 350 38 Surguja 400 800 39 Bilaspur 375 750 40 Raigarh 250 500 41 Durg 375 750 42 Raipur 375 750 48 Bastar 600 ],200

8,750 17,500

~ ... ~ ." ... ( Vid, Chapter VII Para 57 ) ~Sli(QI '!fI'TWf ,~ tir'l1'1'

~ '\ 0 \9-~ n-ift-l:{ (~), "Ilqll1', fcr.rtcf; ~, Ifi~, t '\\9o.J

~ f"M IfI4Iff, 41WSi~IfI. ~.-lfI'f ~ ~ \9 ~

"1'4 t\"t ;f ~"I'~r 'In' ifillfGJ'"IT '!if Cfift{ ~ ~('I5~'fq m~; ala: ~ f.rtn1ff irrU ~~ EtiJ1i ii ~ ~"'\1r f«r i5I11l.

srfaimir:-

~. ij1fffi ~ arI"fRI", fj6ljSlaflf,

~. ij1fffi fCl'1n'~, ~(fII', ~ ~ ~ fI'I1tmr.t, ~. ~, iJf"'.'UHI, ~fII', 'ifImr 'liT \1'iIt tRr 'lIIi'rtCfi \~, ~!l~, t'\9o it; m 1tfj

( Vide Chapter VIII RECEIPT AND DISTRIaUTION OF VARIOUS, .. Receipt --_.. __ .... -----... -...... _--_ ... __ .. __ ---_._---_._--_._- Instruction Houselist Establish­ Instruction Source booklets -for forms ment Sche­ booklets for Houselisting dules Individual Slip: -~.---. ------1--·--·--·-----·---"2-­ 3 ... 5 .------.. ------Office of the-Registrar, Generel, India 68,335 994,700 310,000 91,300 Government Press, Nasik Government Press, Aligarh Director of Advertisement and Visual"Publicity Government Press, Bhopal Director of Census Operations, Calcutta.

--.~ ._ ... -...... --- ... -_._--- ..,.-~--.- ---- 111 xi Para 65) SCHEDULES, INSTRUCTION BOOKLETS, ETC.

------_._. -.....--- ~-~- .. -.-.-. Enumerator's Daily Pqsting Enum'!rator's Degree Hol- rndividual Slip Pads Statement Abstract Census Population Records der & Tech- ,---_.._ .... ---"""\ r------"------.. r------"------. nical Per- 100 25 Male Fem~le 50 2S sonnel cards ---7- 10· -·-·----1-1----12 _. 6 9 13 572,000 525,000 192,000 300,000 466,075 196,000 25,000 10,000 138,800 83,400

300,000 2,00'0 ------.--- u.a AppihIDI;{ De~patc".

lnstruetwn Bo,us!' list I::sfabUsh- Instniction 11. No. Name of Division/District booklet" for Forms ' ment . booklets for HlJuseiisting Schedules Individual Slips -. ___ ._-_. _'--, -, ... ---_._ .. 2 3 4 5 6

1. GwaltOf' Divisiim " 5.321 78.292 19.099 10,149 1 Morena District . !,175 1~,~ _3,454 2,lU)' 2" Bhlnd District 9~ 13,666 2,457 1,833 3 Gwalior District 1,035 14,835 3,487 1,968 4 Datia District 409 4,610 1,306 646 " S Shivpuri District 814 16,073 3.899 1~551 6 Guna District 899 13,428 4,996 1,741 Deputy Director, GwaJior. 300

It Refl/4 Division 6,006 94.778 26.028 10,99f 7 Tikamgarh District· 762 12.072 2,127 c 1;208 8 Chhatarpur District 1,050 16.167 3,141 818 9 Panna District 652 8,523 2,182 955 10 Satna District 735 15,260 4,477 1,824 l~ Rewa District 1,007 16,884 5,572 2,029 12 Shahdol District 1,016 15,908 4,853 2,167 13 Sidbi DistriCV 784 9.96t 3,876 1,443 Deputy Director, Rewa .. 550

111 1111iore Division " 9,035 129.594 35.378 17,147 14 Mandsaur District 1.367 18.501 5.006 2,244 15 Ratlam District .. 893 10,768 3.418 1,432 16 Ujjain Dil;trict 1,106 15,262 4,246 2,048 17 Jhabua District 785 10,551 3.262 1,378 18 Indore District 1.305 15.760 3,977 2.024 lir 'Dbar District 1,067 13.610 4.008 1,642 20 ;' Dewas District 1.000 10,670 2,908 2,638 :n West Nimar District (l

1 V Bhopal Division .. 6,586 89,608 26,471 12,094 23 Shfijapur District 975 12,224 2,371 1,655 24 'Rajgarh District., ' 578 10,441 4,193 1,182 2S VJdisba District 901 12,IQ5 3,733 1,356 28 5ebore District 1,395 17,516 5,456 2,645 District 27 Ron 625 8,943 8,368 1,445 District 28 Hoshangabad 1.185 14.823 4,127 2,145 Betal District 29 927 13,656 3,228 1,716 Deputy DIrector. Bhopal. ..,. - - -_ ... ____ . n

XI~owi.l:

Enumerator's Daily Cens1Js Population - - ,...-Indi'vidltal__ ..,....A. Slip____ PIl.ds...., ,-Posting___ Statemerit .A. __ -""" ' 'Emimeraror's - '"Recoriis 'Degree -Hol- Abstract ,.. -- -.A..,..--....,~;alld.:rech- 100 25 Male Female SO ' 25' rucal,person. -.nelcards 7- 8 '9 -10 11 l!f 'IS 14 - .~ . . , ." 53,531. 17,41,6 63,"OQO 59;700 14,603 H r'1a.Z -$803 '-69,691 11,10~ , 4,4,3~ 19,3,40 10,340 1,564 3,338 1,995 : 4,t82 9,465 3,824, 8,~0 8,380 2,637 2,1..06 -1,6-16 12,.60 9,560 3,827 8,9!,}O 8,990 1,492 2,875 1;116 9.319 ,.- 2,820, l,l~7 2,650 2_650 469 850 :510 l,466 9,695 3,302 7,160 7,160 2,129 .2,:no '-1,380 5,123 9,985 500 8,220 8,220 2;3;12 2,~54 U8S 11,8n 900 400 _17,260 13,960 4,OQO ~OOO , "

63,320 28,860 78,910 76,080 31;832 18,490 lr.o~2 54,176 6,589 2,636 7,50') 7,5)) (Oi3 1,957 1,1 70 4,0::19 8,339 3,337 7;86t) 7,830 1,244 2.-4~) 1,49) 3,219 4.805 4,785 8,550 9,720 2,864 1.J23 830 5,565 10,388 4,158 9,770 9.770 ..1,399 3,OS5 1,845 -a~l 12,388 5,1158 10,720 10,720 1,645 3,385 2,0:,10 3,72)

11,995 4,859 13,200 11,200 5,487 3,535 2,UO 5,5J~ 8,818 3,529 10,310 10,310 1,180 2,620 :1,561 2,338 11,000 9,000 ___ 16,000 26,500 ."'! t. 90,000 38,775 96.990 90,590 .23.944 26,810 15,825 201,666 11,575 4,752 -10,650 ..10,830 1,7.53 3,240 1,935 6,528 9;005 2,805 6,600 6,600 2,174 2,500 1,460 6,SO~ 9,880 4,701 9,310 9,310 ,1,470 2,940 1,750 7,176 7;820 3,432 7,380 7,380 • 1,106 2,330 1.390 3,141': 11,131 4,450 11,550 lUSO 1,938 3,310 1,960 14,296 9,447 4,778 9,920 9,920 1,206 2,810 1,880 10,774" 6,680 3,171 6,310 6,310 3,6.50 1,980 1,180 -,3 2s8~ . 14,296 5,841 14,430 14,230 2,111 4,250 2,540 8,601 10,166 4,845 9,860 9,660 1,536 3,450 1,910 7,376 11,000 5,000 7,000 136,000

60,613 28,325 84,599 80,432 20,046 18,114 10,3-15 68,950 7,957 3,042 9,870 8,570 1,713 2,250 1,350 5,000 6,033 2,400 8,380 8,280 1,805 2,275 1,360 5,007 7,351 3,207 7,875 7,573 2,515 2,175 1,340 6,970 13,175 6,068 16,079 14,764 3,802 4.009 2,OS5 28,844 7,065 2,798 7,680 7,680 1,894 1,795 1,040 3,906 10,034 5,907 14,075 12,925 2,475 2,685 1,615 9,906 8,998 4,703 14,640 15,640 3,842 2,925 1,520 2,517 200 6,000 5,000 2,000 :i5 5,000 ""'2:'~ m.= =ll .. ~-~.-...., ..- 120

APPENDIX Despatch

2 3 4 5 6

V ]abalpu, Divisicm " . 7,523 130,704 36,413 16,316 50 Sagar District 1,059 18.174 6,237 2,326 31 Damoh D1Strict 768 10,707 2,950 1,306 32 Jabalpur District 1,779 27,874 7,ea4 3,934 33 Narsimhapur District 644 8,072 2,~14 1,024 34 Mandla District • 794 18,414 4,904 1,902 '35 Chhindwara District 848 20,423 4,972 1,991 36 Seoni District 612 12,315 3,746 1,416 37 Balagha t District] 1,019 14,725 - 3,256 2,517 Deputy Director, ]abalpur 400

, VI Bilaspu., Divi~icm •• 4,587 81.102 34,767 9,-532 38 Surguja District 1,057 21,625 5,713 2,542 39 Bilaspur District 2,308 40,110 19,294 4,711 40 Raigarh'District 1,222 19,367 9,760 2,129 Deputy Director, Bilaspur 150

VII Raipu, Division .• 5.839 115,588 28,626 12.618 41 Durg District - 2,160 38,500 11.929 4.776 42 Raipur District, 2,655 51,847 9.899 5,080 43 Bastar District - 1,024 25,241 7,~8 2,612 Deputy Director, Raipur, --.---- 150 Total 44,897 719,666 206,682 88,850 '121

SI-Collcltl.

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ------14' 82,950 33,323 108,970 95,270 23,929 25,244 14,940 90,127 ,11;942 4,775 20.640 11.640 1.678 3,660 2,180 13,930 6'~350 2.539 6,160 6.160 1,032 1,950 1,165 .. 2,636 18,955 7,~ 18.660 18.660 3.519 5,910 3,390 14,672 5,716 2;2. 7.050 7.050 751 1,750 1.050 2.998 9,893 3.959 17,110 16,410 5,515 3,034 1,810 3,695 10,951 4~38.2 12,650 12,650 1,606 ' 3,360 ' 2,010 5,496 7,39,1 2~956 8,190 8.190 1,091 2.270 1.355 2,205 10,821 4,327 10;510 0,510 1,737 3,310 1,960 8,695 925 400 8,000 4,000' , 7,000 ,35,800

61,055 27,O~ 76,516 73,105 25;200 17,050 10,061 54.326 15,965 10,020 21,230 21,230 7,818 4,430 2,585 13,404 28,690 9,350 30.036 30,125 ' 7.S07 8.320 4,956 11,219 If,900 4,855 16.250 16,250 4,075 4.300 2,521) 4,983 1,500 2,850 9,000 5,500 5,500 24,720

76. ISO '26,890 80,170 76.020 16,494 22,010 13,157 48,992 28,920 9,423 27,170 27,170 ' 4,050 8,400 5,020 14,336 30,090 10.691 27.530 27,530 4.331 8.640 5,165 12,910 17,170 5,776 18,970 17,970 2,253 4,970 2,972 10,746 1,000 6,500 3,350, 5,860, 11,000

._ -487,", 200,664 589,155 551.197 156.048 142,450 84,173 585,928 -- - .. "_ - - - APPENDIX XII (Vid, Chapter VIII Para 67)

fIle:: Appendix gives the block-wise requirement of E. D. P. S. forms worked out on the basis of actual population returned in the 1971 Census in respect of Samri tahsil of Surguja 4istrict. As per Registrar General's instructions, the supply position of such forms had to be cl;llculated by projecting the population of 1961 Census (Viae R. G.'s No. 9/1/69/CTU, date.d 4-2-1969) and then dividing this population by 40 (No. of lines to be used) and further taking 10 %extra as wastage. The actual calculations are shown below:-

Samri Tahsil Male Female , (i) PopUlation 1961 38,199 S7,1l'7 ( ii) Projected population 48,894 47,510

(iii) Actual requirement •• 1 48,894 47,510 1222 , 1188 40 40 (iv) Supply of forms 1222+ 10% = 1344 1188+ 10110 = 1306

Even if requirements are workecl ()lIt on the basis of 46 lines (keeping 2 lines for striking totals), the final 1971 block-wise population of Samri tahsil required male and female EDPS forms to the extent of 1383 and 1370, respectively., Even assuming that not a single form is wasted and the whole supply is utilised fully and the position of deficit, on-the basis of aiJo.ve calclliations, WOfks out a~ uuder;--

Deficit Supply Requiremen t ,,,-____.A... '"" Actual Percentage to total req11irement

Males 1344 1383 -39 -2.82 Females 1306 1370 -64 -4.72

By making provision of 10% wasta~e the requirement of EDPS forms for males and females hJdicated the short supply by 12.82% and 14.72%, respectively. 123 ApPENbrx xu :[(.EQUIREMENT OF- ENUMERATOR'S DAI,LY POSTING STATEMENT FORMS IN RESPECT OF SAMRI TAFISIL Population Actual requirement Population ActuaCrequirement Block 'of EDPS forms Block ,..- ___ .A. ___ ...... , ,-.___ of EDPS ..A. ___ forms ...... No. ,..- __..A. ___ . r---..A.---...... No. M F M F M F M F ._ .( ,.... 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 . 55 40 2 51 35 33 1 2 92 74 2 .... 2 52 5 8 1 3 70 75 2 2 53 74 60 2 2 4 15 15 1 1 54 110 113 3 3 5 35 29 1 1 55 34 36 1 1 6 129 137 3 3 56 308 306 7 7 7 80 83 2 2 57 127 102 3 3 8 35 24 1 1 58 . 23 21 1 1 9 19 23 1 1 59 23 18 1 1 10 252 236 6 6 60 11 15 1 1 11 14 82 2 3 61 19 18 1 1 12 3 3 1 1 62 112 108 3 3 13 116 94 3 3 63 131 133 3 3 14 99 92 3 2 64 66 68 2 2 15 292 278 7 7 65 45 50 1 2 16 110 161 4 4 66 7 5 1 1 17 50 48 2 2 67 95 79 3 2 18 81 88 2 2 68· 123 93 3 3 19 50 49 2 2 69 84 81 2 2 20 39 31 1 1 70 128 105 3 8 21 198 200 5 5 71' 162 177 4 4 22 83 83 2 2 7Z 212 204 5 5 23 37 24 1 1 73 304 245 7 6 24 42 40 2 1 74 37 37 ·1 1 25 58 45 2 1 7S 28 27 1 1 26 8 4 1 1 76 125 123 3 3 27 32 30 1 1 77 161 154 4 4 28 115 111 3 S 78 54 45 2 1 29 15 12 1 1 79 255 283 6 7 30 56 45 2 1 80 33 42 1 1 31 17 10 1 1 81 101 85 3 2 32 251 259 6 6 82 36 41 1 33 70 66 2 2 83 51 48 2 2 34 268 267 6 6 84 31 33 1 1 35 35 32 1 1 85 175 166 4 4 36 67 62 2 2 86 16 19 I I 37 10 10 1 I 87 177 178 4 4 38 19 23 1 I 88 74 93 2 3 39 121 131 3 3 89 64 66 2 2 40 16 14 1 90 67 93 2 3 41 101 96 3 3 91 66 68 2 2 42 114 89 3 2 92 83 83 ~ 2 43 83 91 2 2 93 251 234 6 6 44 115 102 3 3 94 201 173 5 4 45 87 85 2 2 95 133 147 3 4 46 42 48 1 2 96 278 281 7 7 47 108 H6 3 3 97 119 144 3 48 129 t-aO 3 3 98 8 8 1 "1 49 17 ,28 1 1 . 99 149 140 4 4 SO 117 100 3 .3 100 166 165 4 " i24 Appendix XII-collld. -_.. _- 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 101 94 69 3 2 156 39 32 I I 102 26 24 1 1 157 105 10') g 3 103 32 23 1 1 153 249 2)7 6 6 104 145 141 4 4 159 125 12, g 3 105 17 16 1 1 160 24 21 1 I 106 64 58 2 2 161 181 193 5 5 107 126 125 3 3 162 62 51 2 2 108 52 46 2 1 163 9 U 109 31 26 1 1 164 125 11* :3 :l 110 90 104 2 3 165 5 9 I I 111 39 42 1 1 166 36 39 1. 1. 112 109 127 3 3 167 24 25 1 113 85 82 2 2 168 114 11 14 1 1 169 154 176 4 4 Il5 72 72 2 2 170 42 33 1 1 116 205 192 5 5 171 36 27 1 117 33 25 1 1 172 147 134 3 3 ll8 17 18 1 1 173 50 53 2 2 119 145 150 4 4 174 77 SO 2 2 120 5 6 1 175 180 204 4 5 121 14 16 1 1 176 144 146 4 4 122 96 93 2 2 177 4 7 t 1 123 172 195 4 5 178 309 304 7 1 124 151 161 4 4 179 25 28 1 1 125 10 8 1 1 180 77 86 2 2 126 25 28 1 1 181 127 74 84 2 2 182 109 121 3 3 128 68_ 65 2 2 18..1 14 12 1 1 129 65 92 2 2 184 4 3 1 1 130 126 124 3 3 185 140 127 3 191 12 19 1 1 186 36 35 "1 1 132 346 322 8 7 181 216 172 ;j 4 133 18 15 1 1 188 155 180 4 4 134 2 5 1 1 189 43 41 1 2 135 1 2 1 1 190 50 47 2 1 136 6 5 1 1 191 56 - 53 2 2 137 78 53 2 2 192 55 63 2 2 138 242 1.27 6 1 193 46 44 1 139 58 66 2 2 194 58 42 2 1 140 200 195 5 5 195 23 31 1 t 141 7 4 1 196 30 27 1 1 142 92 104 2 3 197 59 77 2 2 143 41 51 2 2 198 35 37 1 1 144 34 31 1 1 199 12 14 1 1 145 115 119 3 3 200 61 73 2 2 146 75 72 2 2 201 79 88 2 :I 147 55 61 Z 2 202 47 57 2 148 121 108 3 3 203 74 50 ~ 2 149 204 201 5 5 204 39 39 I 1 150 11 13 1 1 20S 51 44 2 1 151 61 11 2 2 206 47 51 I 2 152 100 126 3 3 207 85 67 2 2 153 87 19 2 2 208 143 126 3 3 154 98 98 3 3 209 6 7 1 1 155 19 16 1 210 ---...__. 64 80 2 i -.-~ 125 Appendix XII-Contd. 1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5

211 267 38 38 1 212 97 87 3 2 268 112 120 3 3 213 19 20 1 1 269 68 63 2 2 214 16 13 1 270 126 131 3 3 215 8 8 1 271 66 57 2 2 216 31 34 1 1 272 105 78 3 2 .217 52 52 2 2 273 279 283 7 7 218 67 77 2 2 274 37 47 1 219 29 34 1 1 275 105 110 3 !l 220 71 69 2 2 276 130 131 3 3 221 95 95 3 3 277 101 104 3 3 222 9 8 1 1 278 100 126 3 3 223 32 27 1 1 279 140 145 4 4 224 107 103 3 3 280 51 51 2 2 225 42 32 1 1 281 58 69 2 2 226 121 118 3 3 282 147 139 4 3 227 202 200 5 5 283 208 177 5 4 228 45 51 1 2 284 129 146 3 4 229 8 14 1 1 285 19 12 1 1 230 341 314 8 7 286 36 20 1 1 231 18 20 1 1 287 59 64 2 2 232 40 44 1 1 288 264 296 6 7 233 52 56 2 2 289 51 45 2 1 234 84 66 2 2 290 82 85 2 2 235 115 106 3 3 291 77 91 2 2 236 44 58 1 2 292 122 124 3 3 237 21 23 1 1 293 9 7 1 1 238 129 118 3 3 294 6 5 1 1 239 40 44 1 1 295 4 7 1 1 240 188 170 5 4 296 26 31 1 1 241 59 71 2 2 297 14 20 1 1 242 73 85 2 3 298 24 23 1 1 243 39 51 1 2 299 26 33 1 1 244 67 55 2 2 300 9 6 1 1 245 46 56 1 2 301 81 72 2 2 246 72 84 2 '2 302 36 38 1 1 247 289 309 7 7 303 189 161 5 4 248 75 59 2 2 304 25 16 1 1 249 94 82 3 2 305 51 49 2 2 250 47 50 2 306 21 23 1 1 251 57 50 2 2 307 74 84 2 2 252 40 35 1 1 308 65 62 2 2 253 42 35 1 1 309 48 54 2 2 254 44 35 1 1 310 99 90 3 2 255 30 26 1 1 311 88 77 2 2 256 37 38 1 1 312 32 27 1 1 257 42 41 1 313 18 15 1 1 258 40 42 1 1 314 52 53 2 2 259 70 64 2 2 315 20 29 1 1 260 31 36 1 1 316 28 20 1 261 48 48 2 2 317 94 86 3 3 262 42 44 1 1 318 46 52 1 2 263 24 25 1 1 319 21 24 1 1 264 246 278 6 7 320 18 11 1 1 265 70 57 2 2 321 102 104 3 3 266 93 76 2 2 322 13 12 1 126 Appendix X1I-Contd.

~ i 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 323 39 39 1 378 32 31 I 1 324 36 34 1 379 101 86 3 2 325 17 12 1 1 380 63 63 2 2 326 85 78 2 2 381 141 141 4 4 327 34 27 1 1 382 68 78 2 2 328 23 17 1 1 383 44 44 2 2 329 31 27 384 39 44 1 1 330 52 65 2 2 385 95 90 3 2 331 43 46 1 1 386 163 157 4 4 332 27 25 1 1 387 116 66 3 '2 333 72 68 2 2 388 276 303 6 7 334 43 40 1 1 389 54 56 2 2 335 20 2Z t 1 390 94 10D 3 3 336 142· 133 4 3 391 71 86 2 3 337 74 58 2 2 392 256 252 6 8 338 100 86 a '2 393 107 106 3 3 339 133 136 3 3 394 85 81 2 2 340 102 91 3 2 395 196 195 5 5 341 91 86 2 2 396 134 125 3 3. 342 9 5 1 1 397 28D 253 6 6 343 61 59 2 2 398 144 154 4 4 3U 44 34 1 1 399 100 96 3 3 345 90 71 2 2 400 128 141 3 4 346 21 22 1 401 201 225 5 5 347 9 11 I 402 167 148 4 4 348 60 57 2 2 403 152 149 4 4 349 118 123 3 3 404 83 100 2 3 350 116 119 3 3 405 341 342 8 8 351 6 9 1 1 406 91 105 2 3 352 73 75 2 2 407 41 55 1 2 353 71 68 2 2 408 41 45 1 I 354 32 44 1 1 409 258 285 6 7 355 27 35 1 1 410 127 137 3 3 356 56 52 2 2 411 128 107 3 3 357 109 109 3 3 412 118 104 3 3 358 39 42 1 ~ 413 27 18 1 1 359 143 118 4 3 414 40 32 1 360 80 94 2 3 415 35 43 1 361 18 17 1 1 416 90 92 2 2 362 13 13 1 1 417 82 76 '2 2 363 15 21 1 1 418 76 75 2 2 364 39 35 I 1 419 26 26 I· I 365 16 27 1 1 420 177 179 5 5 366 6 2 1 1 421 237 208 6 5 367 7 15 1 1 422 116 119 3 3 368 27 36 1 1 423 46 46 1 1 369 48 53 2 2 424 278 273 1 6 370 45 40 1 1 425 442 433 10 10 371 71 69 2 2 426 23 19 1 1 372 15 11 1 1 427 74 63 2 2 373 44 35 1 1 428 30 26 1 1 374 19 23 1 1 429 52 48 2 2 375 86 89 2 2 430 95 98 3 3 376 59 56 2 2 431 103 96 3 3 371 62 66 2 2 432 124 124 3 3 127 Appendix XU- COlltd. 1 2 3 4 5 2· 3 4 5

433 29 16 487 151 154 4 4 434 49 47 2 2 488 27 29 1 1 435 53 41 2 1 489 52 62 2 2 436 100 82 3 -2 490 26 21 1 1 437 124 137 3 .3 491 36 33 1 4$8 74 61 2 2 492 133 131 3 3 439 82 86 2 2 493 71 64 2 2 440 118 109 3 3 494 139 144 4 4 441 27 37 495 261 271 6 6 442 33 31 1 1 496 177 119 3 3 443 103 lOS 3 3 497 171 160 4 4 444 : 28 30 498 79 83 2 2 445 43 36 1 499 131 116 3 3 446 14 9 1 1 500 175 150 4 4 447 63 53 2 2 501 35 19 1 1 448 52 43 2 1 502 304 310 7 7 449 88 79 2 2 503 50 54 2 2 450 107 99 3 3 504 201 209 5 5 451 7 6 1 1 505 215 132 5 3 452 269 247 6 6 506 71 51 2 2 453 15 12 1 1 507 32 32 1 454 5 2 1 1 508 171 181 4 4 455 106 121 3 4 509 204 188 5 5 456 48 55 2 2 510 102 91 3 2 457 28 7 1 1 511 22 19 .1 1 458 7 3 1 1 512 101 86 3 2 459 190 225 5 6 513 210 201 5 5 460 222 226 5 5 514 167 172 4 4 461 29 30 1 1 515 15 25 1 462 183 134 4 5 516 79 85 2 2 463 31 30 1 1 517 50 61 2 2 464 59 66 2 2 518 34 43 1 1 465 6 4 1 1 519 87 91 2 2 466 97 109 3 3 520 136 177 3 4 467 1 1 1 521 44 10 1 1 468 38 32 1 1 522 102 95 3 3 469 150 166 4 4 523 64 62 2 2 470 21 21 1 1 524 56 54 2 2 471 6 9 1 1 525 59 69 2 2 472 99 86 3 2 526 78 92 2 2 473 48 37 2 1 527 65 81 2 2 474 10 8 1 528 70 78 2 2 475 13 10 1 529 35 32 1 1 476 161 158 4 4 530 23 22 1 1 477 56 41 -2 1 531 121 128 3 3 478 12 13 1 532 81 78 2 2 1 479 69 79 2 2 533 41 43 1 480 18 24 1 1 534 17 13 1 481 34 46 1 1 535 53 67 2 2 482 96 80 3 2 536 10 13 1 1 483 63 64 2 2 537 80 69 2 2 484 102 97 3 3 538 125 123 3 3 5 485 20 29 1 1 539 236 212 6 486 79 70 2 2 540 69 60 2 2. 128 Appendix XII- C,onelrl. ------. 1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 _----- 541 225 198 5 -5 572 18 16 1 1 542 60 66 2 2 573 86 101 2 3 543 146 158 4 4 574 150 150 4 4 544 124 136 3 4 575 3_3 36 1 1 545 91 98 2 3 576 138 141 3 4 546 53 45 2 1 577 155 149 4 4 547 22 27 1 1 578 30 34 1 1 548 209 214 5 5 579 46 45 1 1 549 163 161 4 4 580 71 75 2 2 550 149 143 4 4 581 114 120- 3 3 551 50 42 2 1 582 64 64 2 2 552 235 246 6 6 583 77 92 2 2 553 37 34 1 584 154 132 4 3 554 43 43 1 585 38 51 1 2 555 128 129 3 3 586 45 30 1 1 556 61 62 2 2 587 129 135 3 3 557 114 131 3 3 588 50 52 2 2 558 114 108 3 3 589 44 38 1 1 559 42 69 2 2 590 3 6 1 1 105 107 3 3 560 89 83 2 2 591 50 32 2 1 561 188 182 5 4 592 19 1 1 562 187 193 5 5 593 24 117 144 3 4 563 78 75 2 2 594 103 106 3 3 564 60 57 2 2 595 29 24 1 1 565 100 111 3 3 596 62 55 2 2 566 78 -- 76 2 2 597 28 28 1 1 567 32 31 1 1 598 39 22 1 1 568 276 283 6 7 599 35 24 1 --1 569 57 55 2 2 600 32 28 1 1 570 142 135 4 3 601 34 41 1 1 571 61 80 2 2 602 12~

APPENDIX XIII (Vida·Chapter X. Para 78) LIST OF TOWNS

Serial District Serial Town Serial Diatriet Serial Town No. " No. No. No, 1 '2 3 4 1 2 3 4

1 Morena 1 AJnbah 12 Shahdol •• 41 Umaria 2 Morem'l, 42 Khodargama 3 Joura 43 J ohilla Colliery 4 Sabalgarh 44 Kotma 5 Bijeypur 45 Shahdol 6 Sheopur 46 Burhar 47 Amlai 2 Bhind 7 Bhind 48 N argada-Itad~Da.fai 8 Mehgaon 49 Pasan 9 Gohad 50 Beohari 10 Lahar 13 Sidhi 51 Sidhi 3 GwaIior •• Il Gwalior 12 Picbhore 14 Mandsaur 52 Jawad 13 Dabra 53 Neemuch 14 Bhander 54 Manasa 55 Bhanpura 4 Datia 15 Datia 56 Rampura 57 Malhargarh 5 Shivpuri •• 16 KUera 58 Narayangarh 17 Shivpuri 59 Garoth 18 Kolaras 60 Mandsaur' 19 Picbhore 61 Sitamau', 62 Gandhisagar Colony 6 Guna 20 Chanderi 63 Shamgarh 21 Guna 15 Ratlam 64 22 Ashoknagat , .. Tal 65 23 Raghogarh Jaora 66 24 Mungaoli Sailana 67 Alot 25 Chachaura-BiDaganj , 68 Ratlam 7 Tikamgarh 26 Tikamgarh 16 Ujjain 69 Mahidpur 70 Khacharod 8 Chhatarpnr 27 Sarsed (Harpalpur) 71 Tarana 28 Nowgong 72 Ujjain 29 Garhi-Malehra 73 'Badnagar 30 Maharajpnr 74 Nagda 31 Chhatarpnr 17 Jhabua 75 32 KhajU1'8ho .. Petlawad 76 33 Bijawar Thandla 77 Jhabua 78 9 Panna 34 Ajaigarh Jobat 79 35 Panna Alirajpur 80 Ranapur 10 Satna 36 Satna 18 Dhar 81 Badnawar 37 Nagod 82 Sardarpur-Rajgarla 38 Unchabara 83 Dhar 39 Maihar 84 MaDawar as Kukshi 11 Rewa 40 Rewa 86 Dharampuri-" 130 Appendix XII-cofltd. 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

19 Indore 87 Sawer 27 Raisen 137 Raisen 88 Depalpur 138 Begamganj 89 Indore 139 Baraily 90 Mhow 91 Mhowgaon 28 Hoshangabad 140 "Pipariya 141 Sohagpur 20 Dewas 92 Bhaurasa 142 Hoshangabad 93 Dewas 143 Itarsi 94 Sonkatch 144 Babai 95 Hatpiplaya 145 Pachmarhi , (NoU- 96 Kannod fiedArea). 97 Bagli 146 Pachmarhi (Canton-. 98 Khategaon ment). 147 Seani-Malwa 99 Barwaha 21 . Khargone (West- 148 Timarnl 100 Sanawad Nimar) 149 101 Maheshwar Harda 150 102 Mandleshwar Khirkiya 103 Kasrawad 29 Betul 151 Betul 104 Barwani. 152 Betul BazaI 105 Anjad 153 Multai 106 Raj pur 154 Amla 107 Bhikangaon 108 Khargone 30 Sagar 155 Bina(Etawa) 109 S6I}dhwa 156 Khurai 110 Khetia 157 Banda 111 Gogaon 158 Sagar (Municipality) 159 Sagar (Cantonment) 22 Khandwa (East- 112 Khandwa 160 Rahatgarh Nimar) 113 Nepanagar 161 Garhakota 114 Burhanpur 162 Rehli 163 Deari 23 Shajapur 115 Susner 116 Nalkhera 31 Damoh 164 Hatta 117 Agar 165 Damoh 118 Shajapur 166 Patharia Kala!'_ 119 Akodia ]abalpur 167 Kymore 120 Shujalpur 32 168 Ordnance Factory Area, Katni. 24 Rajgarh .. 121 Khilchipur 122 Rajgarh 169 Murwara 123 Biaora 170 New Katni 124 Narsingarh (Rly.Junction :Area) • 125 Sarangpur 171 Tikuri 172 Sihora 25 Vidisha .. 126 Sironj 173 Katangi 127 Kurwai 174 Patan 128 Basoda 175 Panagat: 129 Vidisha 176 ]abalpur (M. C.) 177 ]abalpur (Canton- 26 Sehore 130 Bhopal ment). 131 Govindpura 178 Khamaria 132 Bairagarh 133 Sehore 33 Narsimhapur 179 Narsimhapur 134 Ashta 180 Gadarwara 135 Berasia 181 Kareli 136 Ichhawar 182 Chhota Chhindwara 131 Appendix XII-coneld.

2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 ------Takhatpur 183 Dindori Biiaspur 217 34 Mandla Mungeli 184 Mandla 218 219 Bilaspur 185 Nainpur 220 Sirgiti 35 Chhlndwara 186 Panara 221 Akaltara 187 Iklehra 222 Champa 188 Bbamodi 223 Sakti 189 Chandameta 224 N aila-J anjgir 190 DO:{lgar Parasia. 191 Butaria 40 Raigarh .. 225 J ashpumagar 192 Chikhlikalan 226 Kharsia 193 Badkubi 227 Raigarh 194 Jamai 228 Sarangrh 195 Cbhindwara 196 Sausaur 41 Durg 229 Kawardha 197 Pandhurna 230 Bemetara 198 Lodhikhera 231 Chhuikhadan 232 Khairagrb 36 Seoni 199 Dungaria Chbapara 233 Ahiwara 200 Seoni 234 Bhilainagar 235 Durg 37 Balaghat 201 Katangi Dongargarh 202 Wara-Seoni 236 203 Balagbat 237 Rajnandgaon 23& BalIld. ~\)4 iirodi 239 Rajhahra Jharan- 38 Surguja 205 Ramaujganj " DaIIi. 206 Ambikapur 207 Surajpur 208 Baikunthpur 42 Raipur .. •• 240 Bhatapara 209 Manendragarh 241 Baloda-Bazar 210 North Jhagrakhand 242 Newara Colliery. 243 Saraipali 211 South ]hagrakhand 244 Raipur Colliery. 245 Mahasamund 212 Kurasia 246 Gobra Nawapara Dhamtari 213 Cbirimiri Colliery 247 39 Bilaspur " 214 Gaurella 43 Bastar .. 248 Kanker 215 Korba Mining Area 249 Jagdalpur 216 Kota 250 Kirandul ,. APPENDIX XIV cr"" Chapter 10 Para 81)

Cop)' of letter No. 28/66/68-PubJ.. dated the 15th near future are finalised and given eftect to before the lilt A.prD. 1968. from the Govt. of india. MinIstry July, 1969. All such changes may please be intimated of Home Amain, New Delhi to the ChIef Secre­ to the State Census Superintendent concerned. In tari.. of all States _d Ual_ Territories. any case, the State Government may kindly ensure that no changes whatsoever are made in the boundaries of these SUBJECT :-BOIIIIdaries rif A.dministTati", Units­ units during the period &om 1st January, 1970 to the FilrifY during 1971 Census Opwalions. 30th, June, 1971. 4. Further correspondence in regard to this matter, I am directed to say that the next decennial population if any, may kindly be addressed to the Additional Regis­ census would be conducted under the direction of the trar General, India. 2/A, Mansingh Road, New Delhi-I I. llegi.~trar General and ex-officio Census Commissioner for India, in February-March, 1971. To ensure compl­ lete coverage at the Census, the entire country will be GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH divided into small enum~ator's blocks within the frame work of the administrative units in the State and Union Territories' The process of determining the blocks will HOME DEPARTMENT start much in advance of the actual Census and they will be got marked on the Census maps to obviate overlapping No. 2166-2445/II-A. (3), Bhopal, dated the 8th MVO 1968. or omission of areas. For the efficient conduct of the Census Operations it is necessary to ensure that the bounda­ Copy forwarded to all Departments ofGovt., All Commi­ ries of the administrative units are not distrurbed afte~ ssioners of Divisions, All Collectors for information and the blocks have been determined and until the Census necessary action. enumeration and tabulation of data are completed. It i. expected that the demarcation of block.~ would be taken 2' It is requested that steps may kindly be taken to in hand from the lst july, 1969. ensure that all proposals for changes in boundaries of administrative units are finalised and given effect to before 2. If the area of the administrative units on the basi the 1st July, 1969, and in no case any such changes are made during the period from lst january 1970 to 30th of which the Census data are collected are altered there­ after the usefulness of the data would be considerably June, 1971. All such changes may please be intimated reduced. It is, therefore. desirable to ensure that as far to the Superintendent of Census Operations, M. P., Bhopal as possible the boundarieS of administrative units remain well in time. undisturbed throughout the major part of the nellt decade. 3. Copy forwarded for information to the Superin­ Hence wherever any changes in the jurisdiction of the also present administrative units are found necessary it would tendent of Census Operations, M. P., Bhopal. be desirable to effect the changes well before the enumera­ tors blocks are demarcated.

3. In the circumstances, Govt. of India would appr~ ciate if all proposals for reconstituting or making adjust­ ments in the jurisdiction of Municipalities, Revenue Sd/- SAEED, villages/TahsiIs/Police Stations/Anchals, Districts etc. Para III for F. A. which may be pending or which may be taken up in the Collector only. V_ &mlllry to Gotrmlllllllt. APPENDIX XV (Vidl Chapter 10-Para 82)

CDmls-1971 or uninhabited a~d under ~e management of aU Depart­ ments have been hsted therem. It may please be remembered OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTE1Il'DEN'i' OF. CENSUS that thou§I'h the Register is known as the General Vil­ OPERATIONS, MADHYA PRADESH lage. RegISter for tbe sake of' convenience, it will contain BHOPAL particulars of towns also.

gram-CENSUS, Bhopal Rinwa Buildinlt, Vihar .5· Toge~er with the compilation of the General 1J1wne--4763-Office Opp.-Vid~ Village !leglSter, steps are also to be taken to chalk out Tele. 357-Residence Post Office, J Civil Lines, the o!ltlme .of the second phase of the Census Operations, BHOPAL-2. that IS, fillIng. of ~he ~ouselist Form and Establishment l Schc

(ii) If any district· has C:orPorati~,. M"uni~ipal Co­ it ~i; treated as.a village in this s:n~.. ~I!!~I!!~; in . i,he area . mmittee, Cantonment and/or Industrial tOWIlJ, it ~y be of, a mauza are not ~eparate vIllages fOr! CenSllS pUip~cr de'lirable to _entrust to the District Census Officer the but form part of the maU:7a conceriie:l: They. are,·n'Ot. respoDsibility· of getting the information in respect of the to be numbered seperately. The list of hamlets' wherever Corporation/Cantonment/IndustriaI towns and to en­ present will be given in columns'5 and, 6 of the General trust the T!!Jlsiidar the responsibility of keeping . liaison Village Register and colum!l 6 of the Cbarge Register with the Chief Municipal Officer of the concerned Muni­ (In the case of towns the lIst of wards will be given in cipal Committ¢e. In respect of the towns,· it will also columns 5 and 6 of the General Villa&e Register. UrbaQ be necessary 'for, the officer so deputed to keep liasion to Area and column. 6 of the Charge Register). . verify from personal inspection. that the information has been furnished correctly. In respect of bigger towns (vi) Villages otlw ,/zan those un1er ReVenu~ Administration.­ it becomes all the more necessary to ensure' that areas After all the revenue villages have been listed foreSt. adjoining the town, but ouuide the town limits, have villages an4 other villages o~tside revenue, jurisdiction. been included. You will have to decide whether the should b~ lIste:!. You m'!y kmdly arrange to, get a list charge of subsequent Census programmes in respect of of such vJl.lages from the conc~rned Departments and· make such non-munici~ urban areas should be given to the them available to the TahsIidars.. It will be the special' local bodies or they should be managed by the Tahsildar r';SP0nsibility of the 1_'ahsildars to' get the list of such Such areas, if any, will have to be mentioned in the Gent'­ vdla~es from you an~ Inclurl;e them in the Gene.ral Village, ral Village Register and the Charge Register. ~eg1Ster. :me Tahsildar wlll also eJ[amine if it would· be con:vem.ent to include such villages in the nearby Pa~arl clrclcs for Cen~us Operations. The. Charge 9. Local Enquiry. ~eguter shoul~ also .contam all, such ·villages. Where it, IS not convenemt. to Include them with the nearby Pa t­ (i) It should be very clear that the list in ~orm 'C' wari Circ:;le, they may be proposed as a ~eparate block_ has not to be compiled merely from the existing records. A careful local enquiry should be made for the purpose 9. Special Procedure for bigger t )wns- of ascertaining that no hamlet or· habitation is left out from being listed. This enquiry is all the more necessary (i}, As has been stated.in p:ua 7 su/J'a it would b~ in tribal areas because in· these areas the village sites desir~ble if the Patwaris are not entrlHted 'with the work change frequently and very often smaller' hamlets are relatUlg to those towns the 1961 population of which set up~ Apart from this, in some areas, the boundaIies ex:ceede:l 10,000 or which are. military establishments. of the Patwari Circles may not be quite clear on' the spot. In respect ot: t,?wns of s~ller size th,,:_n this also, if you In short, it must be ensured that all habitations have been are of the opmlOn that It would be dlftcult for the Pat­ ~uly listed and varticulars thereof correctly filled. waris to get the requireil. information, then you are' free to entrust the work of supplying information in Form, 'B' to the Chief Municipal Officer or th~ Chief EJ[ecutive (ii) ViUage likeiJ 10 disappear.~In the case of Vill­ ofl"icer of the local body concerned If however you ages· which are likely to disappear. in due co~se becau~e are please_d to decide ~therwise, you rr:ay entrust the either they ·would be submerged In a reservlOr. or thell' work re~tl";g to Corporation/Cantonment/Industrial towns, area will be covered by a factory and its related buildings to the District Census Officer or the Sub-Divisional Officer or other structures; full details sho:uld be given. I t means and the work· of other towns to the concerned Tahsildars .. that' if a village or villages are likely to disappear on But as far as possible, the work relating to bigger towns, account of the above reasons, but that village ·Or those may be entrusted to the local body concerned: villages have not disappeared at present, then they will be duly listed and desired details in· respect thereof will be given and a note should be given in the remarks column Iii) Great care is necessary in .collecting the information. about the likelihood of its disappearance on account of relating to to.w'_ls. Firstly, the population changes in. towns are erratic m nature because afthe factor of migration the apprehended cause. Similarly, if a village (or vi­ and secondly, a great amount. of vigilance is necessary llages) has actully disappeared on' account of the above about the urban growth adjoining the town but outside or any other cause, but its C1 ' .11. ,We ng t~e ~~ the .... 1lIlI}~ .An )fWf=b the bf,Jic. ~~ ,*L ,,11 J:le Jgc:lu:\Sd here. It may. be kept i{:if ~~:~. ~l1r;be:&tiCd lif~~~,,~~Uie f 'iii, 'yi~)v. ~atPJ,'?Jt ii,tJ'-,(o"a,ate .figlf~es ,of .reas ate to .;;~~ec~r.dc:~!n_~~~,so~~n •• ' . .,Co~W1I8 Ilos. (9) to (14)._,.Th~e colUJJ:U;ls.~elate to certain tJ\~ A.~l ,~.- amenities available ·in. the .village . In column 9 (i) As .~ted earI,i~, t4e Census Progra~e commences ~ioJOrination rc!gatdipg .~duCatio:)al _institij,tions . is !:'Y .er~r#,g a 'l,ist oC"aU Y,i~~s \V'h~1~ei' ·~r.;riot ~1fo/ .~e to· be 'furn~ed~ ,If:t))ere are .ditrereu.t . kinds of II'Ihabncit. so tllat,aIl. pla(ft. get lncluded In. tl.!e pr~amme educational institutions in the vil~~ge . )h~n the and there is no likelihood' of any area being left out; .kind : and _numbers of each i5. to . be gIven. . For . eaample, if·th.ere are' both primary and. miadle (ii) :Every patwari has to fill the information pertain­ schools in a village, then both will have 'to be .i.J:lg to villages of his Circle in the prescribed proforma shown. If there are . more th'an one institution .in·3 copies by .drawing the Form on blank paper. If of. the. same kind. th e . D\~mber thereof should be there is any town in the Circle, the reSponsibility. for which shown in brackets. For example,' there may be a 'has been spe.;:ially er.tru..ted to the concerned Patwari primary school for boys and one for girls. These by you, then he has. to fill in the information relating to the will.have to be'shown as two primary' schools. town also in t :e proforma prescribed for urlq.n'el­ north-west comes up first. He shoul.c! then go fare Centre. Flea1th Centre, Dispensary and Family in' a serpentine manner sO ,hat the Village 'situated "Pfannirig Centre. It'may b~ kept in view that a in the south-east comes up last. If the Patwari village' Dispensary' where riIatemity facility is also Circle is such that the villages are situated one .available and where advice is also given regarding pelow the other. then the ~erial. will start f. om family'plannil?-g'will be recorded only as D~spensary. north to south. If:on the other hand the villages 'Where 'there 'is a ~'eparate Maternity ()ol". Family are situated in ea~t-west line, the serial should go 'Planning tCeiltre. it would he entered as :such. from left to right. Normally there is a d¢firlite Col~~ No. (11) inf~rmation regardi~g aVailability of sequence in whicb the \'illages are written in' the · elec~ricity. in the vnIage abadi by way 'of street­ records. In such a case, the villages may be lighting and/or for' domestic purposes is to be reo listed in that order. No village shO\dd be . left corded. . It is. possible that in some .village9 electri­ out and all villages should be listed whether they city may have reached for agricultural purposes are inhabited or not. but there is no street lighting. Such villages are . ,Column' No. (2).-The name of the village should be not' to be deemed to have been electrified for pur­ clearly and. legibly entered in this co!umn. W!tere­ poses of this column. ver there IS a prefix or a suffix with the VIllage In colUmn (12) the tyPe of· drinking water supply name, it should also be mentioned. Normally source available within the village should be indi­ the vilIages names carry prefix or suffix when there Cated such as Tap Water, Well Water, Tank are more than one village of the same name in a Water, Tubcwell Water, . River Water. Sources tahsil. Care must be taken to invariably mention · other than' thc:se may be specified. any prefix or suffix wherever nresent. Means of communications are to'· be indicated in ·CoIIJ11lR NfIS. (3) to (8).-ln these 6 columns the total column (13). It may be indicated if the village is area of the village and other particulars of land ,serve:! by one or mote of the following means within are to be recorded in acres. This information is · a distance of on'c'mile from the village-pucca road, easily available in. the Patwari papers. C-!llum, 'btchha road,. Railway. If the village is situated No.3 refers to the 'total area of the village and in on' a pucca road; and there is a ~ railway station column No. 4 the forest area; if any, i3 to be re­ within one mile of the. village,' then both these corded. Column Nos. 5 and 6. relate to all' agri­ fa<:ilities are to be entered here' It may please cultural land and this includes orchards but' not · be kept in view that it is not enough that the groves. Current and other fallows are also in­ ~aiw~y line p~es within one mile of' the village; the cluded i~ this. The latter,. would . imply all station should be . Qtuat~ within one Iriile. By lands whIch were taken 1.' fOr cultivation but are .utchha"road is :meant'the katc.bha road maiiitained temporarily out of Cultivation for a period of not by"any of the ;l)cPllrtineilfs of the' Governmentl more than 5 years. Column No. 5 relates to Panchayat. Cai't.~tracks .wruch temporarily develop ,~gri!=\1lt~ ,land . ~nder i.w.tion. ,t,Iere the in the villa.ges are riot to be taken as 'katchha road ~!ent . .ot IrrIgated . .land .u~der .4utere~t types. of for. ~he pU~'p~e p( th~ coh~mn. IrrIgation, .e.g.,. canal;. tank well,. tube: well is to be shown "!ld the t041_should aJso '~be sir~ .. In In column No. (14) the post lind telegraph .facility ~lu~n 6 IS,to be ~own ,~~e ar~ of uriirqlIated if'aily, existing within the village is. to be' showri such land. Col.umn No. 7 relates to cu1tur.ble· waste. 'as:~ , .. TIlis, woul~ inc~l,Ide _l!l,n(lli 'fit fo; cultivirlgn. :,w!iCtller Post Office or not ~~ up .for 'c~lti~n pro once. jUCri up for cul~Ivatlon. but not .cu.ltivated tor' .nlQre· thim Telegraph Office 5 • vc;ars. . 9r~~8 J~pi '. ~n.d . Ia:nd .~n;~~ 'igr!?ves Posi and Telegraph ,will ~e, IDd~~~a , bs:te b\lt ,o,~!u.'.ds" wi:11 , f\pt .. be T~lePhone •. Conl\ection. ~ncludi¥ 'l.l~e. (o,:~ard ,land ~s_ aIr~dy, Itl,clu.c;ied .• ,.. ..:·.·.u.?: ...... ~_ ... ;', . In CO WDDlI $-&). -0 1 ~ N . 8 will . liid'" I" d GolutIUI No. (15}.-If a weeIdy market is; h.l;Jdin the .not "avaiJ!l~e (cr'ci~!~~ml;~di "Iu·~e:j:rr:~_ ,?~>~e. the ,day. of the ~ax:k~t is' to be entered . 'cwl\lra~e, l~a ._ a:nr.!:a 'flllt do D.on~lfji:i~ui(~a.t here. In c;ase the .,market. JS .. h .. e).d .. on _~ore .than uie... ·At,ru·iinder"UIage'Site;:f~~~.,,~r~r9R:'{~~d 'onc'day, -thlffi aUthe.da)'S. are t.O be.!lWliCid. ,"' • ,.1-+, • ..~: '. . .. _ - . .- ... ., '!-4 •. _~"" . 137

Column No.(16l.-A list oftowru is,given in Appendix: II. 12· Urban 'Area :'Form B : , It may be seen and the name and distance of the nearest town may be entered here. It is likely (i) The Form to he used for the urban area is different that the nearest town from the vi lage may be in from that pertaining to the rural area. This iii so 'because another tahsil or another district and it is also in the District Census Handbooks to be prepared after likely that the nearest town may be utuated in the 1971. Census, the information to be furnished in rCB­ another State. In th~ last case, the name of the pect of each town is different from the one required to he State may also be indicated. For example, in given for the villages. the ,case of Deobhog village ·of Bindranawagarh tahsil of Raipur district, the nearest town is Dharam­ {iiI As in the case of th'! rural area, the proforma garh (OrisSa). FQr Deobhog village the entry in for the urban area is to be drawn on plain paper and 3 this column would therefore be 'Dharamgarh copies of the same are to be prepared. The resportsibility (Orissa)-IO miles'. of compiling this information in respect of all the town­ given in the Appendix II iii that of the local body cons­ 'Column No. (17).-ln column No. (17) the staple food cerned (Municipal' Corporation; Municipal Comniittee, of the majority population of the village during the Cantonment Board, Notified Area Committe!!, Gram major part of the year should be recorded, e.g., Panchayat as the case may be) and in respect of Industrial rice, Jowar, maize, kodon, wheat. If it is difficult towns the responsibility will fall on the respective Chief to determine a particular grain as the ~taple food Executive Officer (by whatever designation called). You the combination, of grains mainly used as staple are, however, free to entrust the work in respect of any food may be given e'g., Rice and Jowar, Wheat, town to an officer under your direct control. Rice and Maize, Rice and Kodon etc. .column No. (lIll.-ln this column should be entered 13. (i) Two points should be kept in view 'while , the names of hamlets of the village, if any. For compiling this information' First, that the information examplf', if in any village, say, Pirthipur, the has to be furnished ward-wise. Second, that the in­ main abadi is known as Pirthipur and there are formation pertaining to urban growth outside the town also two hamlets known as Kotwarpara and Patel­ limits shc.ulci also he incorporated. Normally, outside para'. then the entries in thi. column would be for the limits of every town there develops a settlement which all the three, i.e', Pirthipur, Kotwarpara and is urban in every respect and such a settlement can be Patelpara. It is also likely that there may be no referred to as the non-municipal urban area. The parti­ settlement in the village carrying the name of the culars relating to such non-municipal urban area has to be village. All the different settlements of that furnished in the same Form after the particulars of ward dllage may be together known by the village area have been filled up. In addition to this non-muni­ name. For e)[8mple, in village Tikanpal of cipal urban area, there is also present in some cilSes Dantewara tahsil of Bastar district, there are 12 what may be called non-ward municipal area' This gene­ hamletS which are together knows as Tikanpal rally happens in those towns where the limits of 'the town but there is no hamlet known as Tikanpal . In have been extended recently but the new area has not such a case, the entry in column No. (2) will be been included in any ward so far. Wherever such areas Tikanpal and the names of all the 12 hamlets shall are present, the information pertaining thereto has to be entered in column (18). Where the village be given separately. \\-here all these three above­ consists of only one settlement and there are no mentioned areas, i.e., ward area, non-ward municipal -hamlets, it is not necessary to repeat the village area and non-municipal urban area are present, the name here it is already recorded in column (2). particulars of the wards should be filled up first followed by the particulars for the non-wad m~tnicipa\ area an:! the Column No. (19).--The number of houses in the particulars of the non-municipal urban area should be village should be entered in this column atfer given at the end. Great vigilance is necessary in regard actual counting. Where names of hamlets have to the area outside the limils of the town. heen entered in column 18, the number of houses in each hamlet should be entered here and (ii) It is possible that in some towa there may not the total for the village may be given at the end. be any wards, but there are Sectors. In such a case information will have to be furnished first Sector-wise Column No. (20).-The present estimated population of then in respect of non-sector area within the town; if any, the village and of the hamlets, if any, should be and lastly regarding non-sector urban area outside the entered here. This estimate should be made after town limits. ' such local enquiry as may be necessary. The more the accu;-.::c/ o[this e,timate, the greater convenience there would be in the successive operations based fiji) In respect of towns where there are neither wards on this es:imate. If there are hamlets, the etsi­ nor sectors, the information should be furnished. mohalla­ mated population of each may be given with the wise. village total struck at the end. (iv) \\Ihere a town is not divided into wards/sectors/ -Column No. (21).-This is the 'remarks' column and any mohallas, then consolidated inform\{tion may be furnished. oth.er important information relating to the village which has not been covered in the earlier columns (v) If the non-municipal/non-sector urban area or may be entered here. For example, if there is non-ward/non-sector area of a tow_"} com;>rises of more any famous religious, historical or archaeological than one village/settlement, then inforxpation be given place in the village, then mention of it may be made separately for each unit. here. Similarly, if there is a likelihood of the vill~ge getting .submerged under any irrigation 14. There are 21 columns in Fol'1u B meant for the proJe~t then thiS fact may be mentioned here. urban areas, ;.e., towns. It would be desir-!1hle if the in­ The mformation that a particular village in un­ forrrultio~ of columns (4) 'to {l9) for eac!l. ward, nO!l-ward inhabited or a certain uninhabited village is likely municipal area and the non-municipal urban area is to get settled soon may also be given here. got collected through separate persons. After these 138

officials furnish the particulars . for the areas entrustc:i ~o a deity and. with at least one functionery receiving them, the information for the whole town can ~e ,?om­ remuneration from public sources. Contribution piled in the office on one sheet. This procedure IS l1ke~y by devotees would also be considered to be re­ to prove better than a.procedure where only one person IS muneration froni public sources. The number­ deputed to collect the particulars for all the areas of the of mosques is to he entered in column No. 12 and in town. column Nos. 13 and 14, respectively, are' to be entered the number of Churches and G"rudwara,. The instructions for filling up the Form are given Ifin addition to the religious institutions enumerated beIow:- above, there are a'1y oth'!r r~ligi')'n i'1,titutioiu their number should be entered in column No. 15', Column ·No. (I)'-In this column will he entered the indicating religion, e.g., Jain, Buddhist, Zoroastrian. Location Code No. of the town. This number shall be in Roman numerals and shall be the one Nos. (16) to (I8).-In these· which are­ mentioned against the town in Appendix II. It Column column~, may be remembered that the location code numbers self-explanatory, the number of Cinema houses,. public libraries/reading room, and dram~ houses for all the towns have already been given by this existing in the ward/area is to be entered. office. Column No. (19).-In this column, information about­ Column No. (2).--The name of the town has to be written' Stadiums and Parks is to be entered. Bv Stadium legibly and clearly, in Hindi. is meant not all playgrounds but only those where (3).-The civic administrative status of the facility of. seating for the spectators and dressing' Column NG. room for the players is available. By Parks are town as at present should be indicated, e.g., Cor­ meant only those which are maintained by the local poration, Municipal Committet', Cantonment body/township authority and is open to the public •. Board Notified Area, Gram Panchayat. In res­ pect ~f Industrial/Mining/Railway towns, like Bhilaiuagar, Da1li Rajhera Mines etc., the status Column No. (20).-For every ward and non-ward' may be shown appropriately. Municipal area/non-Municipal urban area' (if' any) name of an enumera~or with his educational Column Nos. (4) and (5).--The names of the wards and/or qualifications and post should be given' Care' their numbers may be written in this column should be taken to avoid the names <;if personnel serially. After all the wards have been entered, dealing with accounts and cash where other officials. the non-ward municipal areas and the non­ are available for the purpose. municipal urban areas may be entered, as the case may be. Column No. (211.-This is the r<;marks column. If any­ other important information which has not been Column Nos. (6) and (7).-In column No. (6), the esti­ given before deserves mention, it may be entered. mated number of dwellings have to be entered in here. For example, it may be shown if there is. respect of each ward and the non-ward municipal any famous religious, historical or archaeologi cat. area and the non-muniGipal urban area wherever place in the town. The names of additional present. It is possible that in the urban areas, enumerators at the rate of 1 for every 5 entered io. it may be a little difficult in some cases to make an column 20 may also be shown here. actual count of the dwellings but as far as possible, the number of dwellings may be entered after actual count. If the actual count is not possible 15. General Village Register.--(j) It is the res•. the estimate should be as near the actual as ponsibility of the Tahsildars to prepare this basic record. possible. The estimated population shou!d. be which will serve as the base for all the subsequent Census: entered in column 7. In the urban areas It IS a Operations. Thus it becomes his duty to get the in­ little difficult to guess the population from the formation in the prescribed Forms from the Patwaris and. number of dwellings because of Ihe fact that· more the local body of the town or from the agency prescribed than one household may be living in one dwelling. by you for smaller towns, if any, and start the compilation Therefore, the estimate of population may also be of this Register in time. It would be. necessary to. make made from local enquiry. careful scrutiny of the Register more than once to ensure that the information has been correctly filled. This Reg•. Column Nos. (e) fo (10) .-In these 3 columns the edu­ ister is the starting point of the entire Census programme .. cational facilities existing in the town up to Higher Before starting the compilation of this Register the Tab• . SecoJ).dary. stage are to be entered. In coluII1Illl 8 sildars must have with them the District Census Handbook tQ l().· .. numbers of the primary schools, middle of the 1961 Census and the latest majmuli map of the­ schools and High Schools are to be entered. For tahsil. example, if in any ward/sector/mohalla there are 2 Primary Schools, 2 Middle Schools and 1 Higher. 'Secondary School then the entry)n col)lmn No. ~ (ii) The General Village Register is. to be prepared' would be 2, in column No.9 would be 2 and It in Forms C and D. The prescribed proforma i~ to be' would be I in. column. No. 10. drawn on plain paper and the Register has to be prepared. in 3 copies. One of the copies of the General Village CollIfIIl'l Nos' (Ii) to (L;) •.-These colu~s. wo~ld ~on~ain Register wO)lld be retained in the tahsil and 2 copies should the particulars relating to the rebglOus InStitutIOnS. be sent to tile .Collector by 1-12-1969 with a signed certi-. in the ward or area as the case may be. Column ficate at the end of the Register that the Tahsildar has No .. 11 relates .to Hindu temples only. It is persol).ally verified eacll e~t_1;)' from Forms A and Band necessary to understand what is meant by temple for fQ1,lnd them to be correct. It must be seen that the pre­ the purpose of this column and column. 15. In-· scribed dilte is striq;ly adhered to because being the first formation is to be given in respect of pu~hc. tem~les and the funPamental phase of the Census Operations it is. only. A.public temple should.have.R buIldlng WIth. important to see t})~t the .time schedule is .. observed. LOCATION CODE ever such a SItuation ~xists'lf!l,l,l p,Ml\e,,8f,lpr l~ll~~e.. l..~' hgawan Kalan, MaJhga:.yj\n ;R~IY.'t~ eI"cll.h>edi) dr (;1itolli (:1lfrlgl~) ai1'cl number IS a method of identifying each habitation by mf'ans Girola ( river) ., .. . . , of a number. Every district, tahsil and town can be Identified by allotting it a distinct number. For examnle Column "!os. (7) to,f2,t~,-';l"~'($~,cql~~l).s ,re!~le. ~o l~Qd ~~ 42/2/V would mean town bearing code n .Jmbt'T V (Raip~r) and certam amemtles Toe entIre mtor",ahon may be situated in tabsil havmg code number 2 (Raipur) in the filled up on the basis of information furnished bv the district WIth code number 42 (Rrupur). Code numbers for Patwaris in Fon'll' A. ( the districts, tahsils and towns have been finalised and are shown in Appendices I and II. It may be remembered Column No. (22) and (23).'-'--It llli ~r~'II1M mat rna that the code numbel'S of towns are to be recorded in District Census' Handbook of 1.961 is lavaj}abl~ Itt ~Verr: roman numerals Villages can also be identified likeWIse TaiIsil. In I1t1'Ipect Qf e¥e'l'y "mag\! thl:! loca:ddn Cede inl by location code nllln-bers. The location code numbers 1961 Census and the Page No. on which ,me 'Village if for the villages Will have to be determined by the Tah­ mentioned in the District Census Handbook have to be -sJldars and these numbers shall be In the arahlc numerals. entered m columns 22-23. -:r;hl~ mfor~jo~ iJ ~essll-W to compare the present Itst With that of 1961 Census. (It) It is found that the most convement and useful (The 1961 LpejitiQl,l,Qoie ~uplbq of vuljlgci\o.G:al) be I:on· method of Itsting Villages would be on the basiS of Patwari venientlJi g9t [(.om .thQ,alp~betlcallis.t IIf Vlll~.@, 'in ~~cp. Circle numbers. That IS to say, all the Villages of one tab~tl.). ~ Patwari Circle may be taken up first and then only the villages of the adjoining Patwari CIrcle may be taken J l .. till aJ1d so 0". \\-ithin the Patwan CIrcle the Villages can Column No. t24).->-A-ly "ther information per.taiflin~ be numbered in a serpentine manner or their serial can be to the V'lllage'e. g., the existence! of any famoW! re-ligiod!li the one In which they occur in the CIrcle Note Book hii!lJOllcill ot' 'a~chaeologlcal place In the- ~mage, may ~ mentiobed here. The llifuI'matlon of lUninha'bited viHage& The only pomt to be kept in view IS that all village~, whether they are inhabited or not and are under the aruJ. the.il1kelJJo.o"d -0fthe<¥iUagC!: getting subfner.red m:o.y ahif be ,given: ;:11 this 'COlllru.n. "I Revenue Department or any other Department should be gIven a number and included in the list. lhe senal number of these villages wIll be their location code 19. Comparison with the list of 1961 Censl1s-- number for the 1971 Census. An illustlative map of a part of Bindranawagarh tahSIl i. attached to this Clr­ :1kfte~ tii,t1q.g, a~1 vUlalf'" ,{it4'!~b';t1~, upi~~blt<¥l~, ,nJ[ ct..lar to show t he method of allotting location code underJhe ~ontrhl'of Rwenue ~p... rtlI1f;'lt, Fore~~ ne~r.t-J numbers menf Or any other ,oe?\U"tnWnt) .and fiUi1)g t4e' d~e41 piuttculars in rI!Speci"theJ:el)f, a {;a~ef.ul cQll1par,1liqn q(: 17. The serial number of the village occuring in tM hst i~' t?"be 'mlu;te Wit" fpe liBf of villages g~VC:11 ,i~ ):he, column 1 of the General Village Register wIll be its 10.< DJStfict C§:nsus Handbook, 1961, If there 18 any (QJ; cation code number. The tahsildars have not to allot some) \!i1l~ge (village's) Siv~ iii the h~t of 1961 Cql1~~' any seperate location code number to the towns of their b';'t the' vlUa,ge 'has disappeal:ed now 0'1 ii.<;cou~t of. any tahsils. The location code number of towns will be the. ca4se, then an exp(anatory note WIll hll.vf' to be given in. I one whIch has been given in Appendix II. the Genera}. Village RegiSter ai: the end <;If the li~~. TlWJ.' explanatory Irote may be as toUows.:- ' I l I .{ 18. Instructions for filling up the General Village •"Village...... •..•...... , •.. , ,yhos!! location' Register.- cQde No. in 191H t;ensus was .:...... , ..•.. _. • ... _ The General Village Register has to be prepared (Page ... , ., ...... • ) , has disappeared du'to In 3 COpIes. For this proforma and 'D' for the urban 'c' to submergence under .•.•...... :, ....•...• ', ....• area (if present) and the rural area, respectivel~, will be drawn on lliain paper. There will be only one General dam and its t;Xlstent;:~ frow. Revenue recodi !aas also b(l~'l Village Rell'ister for the tabsll which wIll contOlin infor­ removed" or '·V1Uage" .... , ., ...... ' .. . mation of towns and vIllages III separate proforItlae. .:, ...... ; whose locatIon, cllde numbec in 1961 ¢~Mu~' (A) Rural Area -Column No. I.-Here will be en1:ered ~"" ...... , ... " ~.~ ...... kL.... . (Page' the serial number of the VIllage which will be'it" l'ocauotl 'r·',1•• ..•••. .1 ••• ), -Ha~ 'dislPpe-a'r.ed lbe..'iusB.' code number. \" , y') )"r.. " .'.' . .': ,.,' , r rt iG 'flflS Ileen acqulfed fOf ", •• ~., •.• !", ...... , ~J. '~~J Column No. (2).-The Patwari Circle: n.l.Imher m'lVbich factory and has b~en remO!'ed from the Revernt'" record." . ' the village is ~ituated will be entered. But, a" stated earher, If the eXistence of a VlIlal\'e has not beep removed, l. e., lts Ijame,,qas n~t been rem0vea fr t4en the name of th~ (OJ' tbes,f',) ylllage­ be entered here legibly, first :n Hmcll and then in EngJidl, (villages) will be entered m the General VIllage Reg1$w! Whete there are more than one VJllI~g\! of the &a.me name. and the fact of ItS phYSlc:11 dlsap?eara'lce Will be mentlOTled in a Tahsil, it wOllld be necessary (Q dlS"ngUI$h them !helJe In the remarks colum'l. in the manner 1D whIch they are (lJstInglll>1be.;l local.ly. For example, If there are two villages ill any tahsil by the 20. It is hkely drat some placb )~hich) were men tione name Majhgawan then It IS likely that they mJay he locally in the viIla¥e hst in the 1961 Ceasus m~y h;lVe b.een knoWIl as MaJhgawan Kalan and l\-lajhga.,wan Kburd or as included in the 'ist bff'owns',Jiven in 4Ppe,it.d{'!='U. &",uc;h MaJhpwan Malg~arl and iVlajhgawan Rawatwari. Whea PIa~s will he tecord~d. in the urb:in! part (;f die" General .140

Village Register and a note will be 'liven in the remarks the tahsildars should take up the work ralating to the pr e­ column that the place was a village In the 1961 Census paration of the Charge Register in Form E. There will carrying a certain location code number. be 2 Charge Registers for every tahsil-one for the urban area and the other for the rural area. It is clear from this 21. It is also possible that there may be some village/ that in a tahsil where there is no urban area, tnere would villages now which may not have been mentioned in the be only one Charge Register. The object of preparing 1961 Census Handbook. Such village/viII ages will be the Charge Register i., to estimate the work-load and to duly listed after location code number has been allotted find out the number of enumerators that will be required to them and the fact that the village was not listed in 1961 for the house-listing and enumeration. To .achieve this Census Handbook and that it has come into ell istence object, all the rural and \lrban areas are divided into (if that be so) after the 1961 Census is mentioned. Blocks and Circles. For the preparation of the house­ list, the unit of work will be Circle, th.at i~, ward in the urban areas and the Patwari Circle if) the 22. It may be restated here that every village, whether rural areas. Normally the size of a Block would be about it is inhabited or not and is under the control of Revenue, 600 persons in the urban area~ and about 750 persons Forest or any other Department, will have to be entered. in the rural areas, or, in other words, about 120 houses in the General Village Register. In respect of unin­ in the urban a~eas anle:ej, In other words, the number of e-numeraton re(J,Ulrea for -the hOUllellumberirig and houselisting will be equal to the of the operations. It will also be clear from this as to which number of Circles and the number of enumerators required Blocks could be included in a Circle. The names of the for the enumeration of February-March, 1971 will be enumerators for the houelisting can also be got from this ·equal to the number of Blocks. Some little change together with the work distribution proposed for them. may, of course, be necessary here and there. (iii) It has already been stated that in the rural areas 28. Two facton have to be taken into consideration the Patwari shall carry out the house-numbering and house­ 'While demarcating Blocks for the C'lensus. First, that listing in his Circle. In the urban areas there may be one ·the estimated population of a block should not exceed or more enumerator, if necessary, for every ward for house­ a certain figure SO that the enumerator does not face aoy numbering and houselisting. Seperate enumerators may difficulty in completing his work within the prescribed be provided 'fOl' non-ward municipal area and/or non­ time-iimit. Secondly, tl,,,,e '·.w",:J b~ no diillculty in municip'll l,rban area wherever pre~ent if the workload findinl!( out the population of the units, i. e•• village in the so justifies; otherwise the work may be entrusted to the rural areas and ward/non-ward, municipal area/non­ enumerator of the adjoining block. municipal urban area in the case of towns. Great carc, therefore, has to he e'l{ercised in framing proposals for (11') The number of enumerators required for the enu­ the Blocks. For this the estimated number of houses and meration to be cauied out in February-March 1971 can population should be as near the correct figure as possible. be roughly got by a simple calculation. In the rural In the rural areas the number of houses should actually area. th~ T1'Im""~r of e".Imerators should not normally be counted and in the urban areas the estimate should be exceed by more than 5% of the figure got by dividing based on the late~t i,lformation and on loc'!l kno'Wledgc. 125% of the 1961 population of the tahsil by 750 and in the urban areas it should not normally exceed by more 29. The following points may be kept in view while than 5% of the figure got by dividing by 140% the 1961 determining the number of Blocks :- urban population of the tah,il by 600. The. number of enumerator. recei"ed from column I C; of the C'ulrg~ (a) No Block should be formed by joining a part of one Register may be examined on this basis and, if necessary village with another village 01' part of another the list of charges may be re-scrutinised. It may he reme­ village. In the rural areas a block may be of part mbered that 1>1' enumerators here is meant the enumerators of a village, one village or more than one village required for enumeration dLiring February-March 1971, but a part of one village should not be joined with and it does not relate to the enumerators for houselisting. another village or part of another village. (v) The Charge Register has 17 columns. The in­ (6) In urban areas where the towns are divided into structions for filling in these columns are as below:- wards/sectors the following should be carefully noted while forming Blocks :-- Column No. (l).-This is the column for writing the location code number. It is not necessary that the lo­ (i) No block should contain area' belonging to more cation numbers noted here should be serially. For than one· ward/,ector. . example ifin any tahsil,there are5 village'. in a certain Patwari Circle (say bearing numbers 1 to 5) and for (i.) No block should contain areas which are within the enumeration, villages numbers I and 3 consritute the town limits and outside the town limit an estimated population of 750 and it would be con­ also. venient to entrust the enumeration of these two villages to one enumerator, then this column would (iii) No block should be formed by joining the non­ comain number one followed by 3. Again. if ward municipal area or any part thereof village! 2 and 5 can be similarly tagged and the to a ward or any part thereof. estimated population of village .. is 750, then the aerial in this column would be as below :- {c) If in any village there are one or more hamlclll each one of these hamlets will be a separate block evelI if their population is less than 750 each. (l)}(3) (d) The factor of distance may be considered in forest villages/tribal areas and the norm of 750 persons (2)1 need not be strictly applied. (5H (4)J :Jaatnc:d0a8 for FiIIiq the CUrse .....eer : The order of villages in column No. (1) will be on the 30. (i) There will be two Charge Registers for every basis of proposals of Blocks in column (15) . .tahail-one for the urban area and tIie other for the rural area. In the Charge Register for the urban area the .particulars in respect of all towos of the tahsil will have Column Nos. (2) on1 (3).-Self explanatory• to be given. The Charge Register for the rural area· will ·contain particulars in respect of all villages, inhabited Column Nn. (4).-ln thecase of towos the names of the or otherwise and under the control of any Department. prescnt wards and/or their numbers and in the case of I t is clear from this that in a tahsil where there is no urban villages the names of their hamlets, if any .area, there will be only one· Charge Register. are to be given here. It may be kept in view that the main settlement of the village is not left out fil) The object 'of preparing a Charge Register is to For example, if in village Kesipur there are two find out the number of Blocks that will have to be formed haI!llets, Meenutola, and Milintola, then in co­ for enumeration. It will also be possible to find out from lumn No.4, the mention would be for all, i. ,. this Register lUi to what Blocks can be given to one enu­ Kesipur, Meenutola and Milintola, whereas ollly 'merator during the houselisting and enumeration phase Koipur will be entered in column 2·. l.~

ColU71III Nos. (5) and (61.-The estimated number o~ho';,'~e8 areas the l'ahsild;u-a may en.fu.t ~on to the Revenue lnapeI:tOrs. _ ·the T.ahsildar.s~ and the estimated population of the WliU'ds In .....~ N'aih . case of towns and. of the village and ha;mlets, If ~ly, the R~ Inspectors (Girdwar K<1.­ any bas to be fumiahed in these columns It nungos) will be the Supervi~ors in their areas. 'has' already been eJIiPI";ped that the number of houses in the rural areas have to be counted. In CollJIIIII !W0' (5).-For the purpose of the count of popu­ the case of towns also, it will be u~ to caun' lation to be held ill Fel;lruary· March 1971, one' the number of hoUlllllf ..far at pCJll5ible. The lDQIllI: enumerator may be propoSed fQ1' eyery .estir:na~ed the estiIPates Biven-.in these .caluums m:e neat the population of 7511 in the rural ~eas .and .evert correct position, the letlS wil,l be t~e changes pop~latio~ of 600 in the urban areas. Caref'W necessary for the subsequ<:nt ope~auo[1s. c'!DSide!atlon may be, kept of the ;nstruc.tio,ps· gtven In rellpect of .the formation of Bloclls Column Nos. (7), (8) and (9).-The ~961 populatio~ wh~1e making these prc;>posJl.!S.· For .~~e­ of the village and town has to be gIven here. This there can be 2. ,enumerators .in a big ··village .6ut would be available from column Nos. 5 and 7 of the a part of one. Village c;annot be joined :with a part Tow~ and Village Directory ~art. of the 1961 of another vIUage or ~o~h.eJ v,illage to foun .a Distnct Census Handbook. It IS Wtely that the ~Iock . of ,!ne enumerator. Keeping '. these ULstr.uc­ wards existing at the time of the 1961 .Census .J:mI,y tl.Ons m VlC:W, the numlle,r of enu.~er.. tors may be­ have undergone change. If this be s,!, colUJIV;l gIVen here In a ,contin~ous ~erial so that ,the toJ;;t1 Nos. 4. 5. ~ would carry the information of the number of ~umerators may ,be .knoWn. . pte:!IAlnt wards and the inforJDatioo in coluuu;J. NoS 'l 8 9 would be for .the wards as .at 1961 Column No. (16).-The names of additional enume-· Ce~us: in lespect of Villages the: p.oss,i.bility .of fators. for the llouse listing QperatidlI may .be noted a «W.ange in ~he name of d.,le village IS very remote !n this column. For every 5 enumerators given and so'i.t is not necessary to repeat the name of the 111 columu No. 13, one additional ~numerator mal" village in column7. . be proposed. .

Column }Ins. (10) and (l1).-On the basis of the estimat.ed CollJmR No. (17).-This is the remarks colunm and any' populatio~ the number of Blocks that. m~y be additional important informatior;! may be given' necessary In the ward~ of the town and lP villages here. has to' be carefully estimated and the number ,entered here. In the town on,e Block c.an be ;formed for every 600 persons and the rural Blocks may have population up to 750. While making this 3~. ~"utia)' of R~rs ; estimate, instructiOns contained in paragraph 27 sujrra may be kept in view. Suppose the estimated It is the respomibility of l'ahsildars to personally population in any village is 1,300, then 2 blocks :IJ1&~e a ~eful. and de.tailed scr.utiny of the General ma.y be proposed there. This number 2 will be V~ge RegISter and .the Charge Regist.ers ..These tw& writte~ ill column No. 10, but the number in RegISters form the basiS for all the Census Operations and. ..coIumn No. II will be a continUOUli serial number as 8~ch great care is needed i,!l . th.eir I¥'eparation, which will indicate the total number of Blocks as well at serve as the location .code number for the 32. The Time-Table ; Blocllll. H-.is necessary to complete every item of work in time­ Column Nn. (12).-The CjrcJe number ~8 t!) b~ shown so that the prescribed timMChedule can be adhered to~ in this column. This number 'W~ll ile ~n ~ conti­ For this, the following dates have been prescribed and they nuoUS serial. A Circle can be constituted for every must be .:;wefully uoted. 3,000' population or 600houses in the urban areas and for every 3,750 population or 750 houses in (i) L.ast date for receipt by Rever;lue Inspectors of in­ the rural areas. At the .B4me time, however, -formation regarding General Village Reg;.ster and it may be kept in view th~ from the point of view Chlll'ge Register in Form A from Patwarjs...,.15tk. of convenience, every watd in the urban areas and Octoqer, 1969. every Patwari Circle in the rural areas should be formed in to a Circle. A serpentine bracket (ii) Last date for receipt by Tahsildar& of information may be shown against eoltWtn II and the Circle as in (i) above in Form B from Local bodies, etc,. number written in colunm 12. The bracket would show the Blocks that come under that Circle. f£.o~ Revt:nue Inspectol'll-22nd October, 1969. (iii) lAst date for receipt by Collect.ors of General ColUmtl'No. CISl.-The name, educational qualifications Village Register and Charge Registers trom TahsiI­ and the present post held of the proposed enumera­ ~lsl DemnIMr, 1969•. tor for houselisting p;lay ~e en~q,ed lj.q',e, It may be remembered that PeIsons like Cashiers, (~v) I,ast date for receipt by Superjotendent of Census­ Accountants should not be proposed as far as Operations, Madhya Pradesh, of the General possible for being appointed lIS enumerators. If YilJage Register and ChlU'ge :Registers of each the proposal has been made by the local body Tahsil from Collecto_15tk DICI., 1969. they may be asked to levise or the name may be substituted from the list of additional enumera­ tors. In the rural areas tbe Patwaris will be the 33. DUlieaJj:i'ea""'" C1~r1fi~Q(tD I enumera~ors in theii- ~pective Circles. You may please refer t~e c;liflj,CllJties IIQ.Q ~a.ritiC3t.iOI). in respect of this Circular in a consolidated Q:WI.Iler for th I: l;,_ No. (14).-ln the urban areas, there should be district br 15·10.·1969 80 that tlie i:lat'itiCA~jo1l4l may .b,:- Qn~ Sl.!p~isor for every 5 wards. In the leat to al the districts immediately. . 1,43

34. MadhYa Pradesh has a glorious Census tradition and 2. Secretary to Government, Madhya Pradesh, Home I have Do·doubt that full care and vigilance shall be exer­ Revenue/Local Self Government (Urban)/ Local cised at every tevel in' the implementation of this vital Self Government (Rural) /Forest Department, phase ·of the CeIllIUS OperatiODS. . Bho~al. . 3. Commissioners of Divisions. ,;Madhya Pradesh. 1t5. The Aclmowled.gem.ent Form. attached at .the end, may please be·signed and.returned early. 4. Chief Conservator of Forests, Madhya Pradesh " Bhopal, with the request that the Divisional Forest; Ofticers lIIll'¥ please be directed to send Tahsil wise list of Forest Villages and other particulars in A K . .PANDYA, respect thereof in Form A to the Collectors early. Superinlerldmt rif CmsIIs Ojllraliort6, 5. Director ofPanchayats and Social welfare. Madhya Madlfpa Prades". Pradesh. Bhopal. 6. Director of Economics.& Statistics, Madhya Pradesh, Copy forwarded for information to- Bhopal. 1. Chief Secretary to Government, Madhya Pradesh, 7. Director of Land Record!!, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal. GwaUor. 144

s. Another problem in respect of forest villages is Ao K. PANDYA, lAS, about wting of houses and enumeration of individuals DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OP.E.RATIONS, living in it. Where these villages are near about revenue MADHYA PRADI!SH. villages the work can perhaps be entrusted to the rCVCDue agency.' But owing to distance or inaccessibility, this may not always be possible. In such cases, it Will be Opp.:-Vidya Vihar Post Office, necessary for the Forest authOl'ities themselves to under Civil Lines, take the responsibility of housc:.listing, .enumeration Ii!Dd "BHOPAL-2. supervision. The Divisional Forest Officers mayexalDlDc the forest villages from thIs angle also and send their COIll­ ments to the Collectors with a copy to the concerned D. O. No. 1681/ Da~d 10.9.1969. Tahsiidars. Dear Shri Mishra. 4. I shall be grateful.if you could kindly instruc:t You may perhaps be aware that the next decennial your DiviSional Forest Officers to send the desired partI­ Census is to be conducted in February-March, 1971. A culars of forest villages and to get in touch with the Collector and TahsiIdars concerned and evolve satisfactory arrange· l~t of preparatory work is. needed for the successful comple­ hon of the Census OperatIons. We are very shortly to enter ment for the Ccnsus of forest villages. the first phase of the preparatory work; this is the tahsil. wis .. listing of all villages, inhabited or uninhabited and ~olI~tio',l of some particulars thereof. A circular Jetter With regards, IS ~emg UiSUed for the purpose and I am endorsing a copy of It to you separately. Yours sincerely, 2. The forest villages present a special problem. If iii ..!." likely that the Tahsildars, who are entrusted with the responsibility of lillting of habitations, may not be having CA. ~. PANDYA) names and particulars afforest villages. I have, therefore to. r.C9uest you to be so good as to issue directio ns to th~ ~IVJSIOnal Forest Officers to prepare talrsil-wise lillt! of forest villages and to furni:sh desired particulars thereof to the Enl:l. (1) ·concerned Tahsildars with a copy to the Collector. In .all lik~!~ood the desired particulars may be available in the DIVISIon Office itself. ..If not, the Range Officers may Shri K. N. MISHRA, IFS. :be alked to furni:sh them. I do not think it would be Chief Conservator of Forests, nece8Sa;r to go lower than this level for getting ih e in. formatlOo. A copy of the form in which the information Madhya Pradesh, .is desired is enclosed. BHOPAL. t-:e:~N : N I' I m ,.: IX ri ri e ... w 0 III III z ::E ::E ;, !:) ;, )- 0 III z z IX I- e ." ... w 0 ILl ... .0 .... Z .... IX 0 U ;:) U 0 U IX 0 IX II. U III Z U 0 w ... 2 i i > l- .e e e IX e ill: ".... ill: ILl u I- .... t- ." 0 e ILl ..J : ; Q. IX

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LOCATION CODE FOR CO)fMI6.SION]!:BS· J).1VISIOJ'S. J>JS'fJlK1S -'NJ TAfISILS

Divisional Location Code .Dijtrlct Location Code Tahsil J.ocation COde - I Natne of Division LCNo. Name IIIf J;>isuict LeNo. NaMe- of Tahsil LCNo. ---.-_._( . 2 3 4 - I -r ------Gwalior .. .. 1 Morena .. .. I Ambah .. .. III I. I Morena .. .. lZ2 .. I Joura " .. lZS .. 1 Sabalgarh .. .. lZ4 1 Bijeypur .. .. lZS .. 1 Sheopur .. . . 1/6 ------Gwalior .. .. 1 ------Bhind .. .. 2 ------Bhind .. .. 211 .. 2 Gohad .. .. 2Z2 " 2 Mehgaon " .. 2ZS 2 Lahar .. 2/4 " ----- " ---_ Gwalior .. .. 1 ------Gwalior .. .. 3 ------Gird .. .. 31 1 .. S Pichhore .. .. SZ2 .. S Bhander .. , . 37S ------_ Gwalior .. .. 1 DaUa .. .. 4 Seondha .. " 4/.1 4 Datia .. 4/2 ---.. " Gwalior ] Shivpuri------_ ...... 5 Pohn .. " ~I .. S Shivpuri ., ., . .. S Karera .. ., ~: .. 5 Kolaras .. .. S Pichhore . , 5~: " ----- " Gwalior .. .. 1 ------Guna .. .. 6 ------Guna .. ., Sll SZ2 " 6 Ashoknaga;r " .. 6 Mungaoli ., .. 6/.S .. 6 Raghogarh " SZ4 .. - 6 Chachaura ., .. filS Rewa .. .. 2 Tikamgarh .. 7 Niwari " .,I 7/1 .. 7 IJatara " " 7Z2 .. 7 Tikamgarh " 7/~ Rewa .. 2 Chh:1~rpur., --Slt .' .. 8 \ Lauum •• . 8 Chhatarpur .• .. \ 827. .. \ 8 Bijawar ", ., 873 Rewa. 2 Panna ., 9[1 ...... 9 \ Ajaigarh ., .. .. 9 J;'a.nna .. .. 9Z2 .. I 9 li'a.waL .. .. I 973_ Rewa . , .. 2 Satna " .. 10 Raghurajiiagar .. 1011 .. 10 1Nagod .• .. lOZ2 .. 10 A.Dlarpatan .. HiLS 1074 " I 10 Maihar •. " 1 Rewa .. .. 2 Rewa .. .. 11 .. '--r-l .. 11 IT~Sirmour .. •• 11/2 .. 11 Mauga.nj .. .. IlZ3 .. I 11 Huzur .. .. 11/4 Rewa .. .. 2 Shahdoi .. .. 12 °r.. .. 12 / BeohariBandhogllf'h •. .. /121112Z2 ., 12 Sohagpur .. 12Za .. 12 Pusbpa.xajotarh .. Rewa .. .. 2 Sldhi I .. 13 / Gopadbal¥ls .. .. 13 Deosar ., .. (~:ISZ2 " 13 SiJlgJ:a.uli •• .. IS73 ...... - I _. 151. '

iOCAnON coi>Ii: io'OR COMMisSIONER'S DIVISIONS, DISTRICTS AND TAHSILS-Contd,

Diftsional Location Code I District Location -Code Tahsil Localion Code

Name of Ts.hllil LC No. _of ~i-' II£ :.-r-;:::;"ttkt I_~ 5 6 --~------__ r---~- Indore 3 Mandsaur 14 Jawad .. I 14 I Neemuch 14 Manasa 14 Bhanpura 14 Malhargarh .. 14 Garoth I 14 Mandsaur .. I 14 Sitamau

Indore 3 I Ra::a:-·~-----I--1-5-1--J-a~-ra--.. 15/1 IS Alot • • 1512 :: IS Sailana " ,. 15/3 __1_5 __ \ __R_a-tl_am ___ ._. _____ ,_. 1__ 15_,-4_

Indore 3 Ujjai-n .. 16 Khacharod .. .. 16/.1 16 Mahidpur.. .. 1612 16 Tarana.. "ISza 16 Bad nagar ,. " 16Z4 16 Ujjain " •• 16/5 ------.-.------~.- Indore 3 Jhabua 17 Thandla 17/1 17 Petlawad .. 17[2 17 Jhabua 1773 17 Jobat 11/4 Alirajpur " 17/5 ---_.------.. ------1----, Indore 3 Dhar 18 Badnawar " 18/1 18 Sardarpur ., 18Z2 18 Dhar IS/3 18 Kukshi 18/4 IS Manawar ., 187~ " ------1---- Indote 3 Indore 19 Depalpur ., 19 Sawer 19 Indore Mhow ------.. ----19 ------·----1--- II1dote 3 Dewas 20 Sonkatch .. 20[1 20 Dewas .. 20Z2 " 20 Bagli •• 207.3 .. 20 Kannod .. 20Z4 .. 20 Khategaon •• 2075 1------.-- --~ Illdote 3 west Nimar 21 21 " 21 " 21 " 21 .. 21 " 21 21 tndore 3 East Nimat 22 Khandwa ,. .. 22 Harsud •• .. " 22 Burhanpur •• LOCATION COD£ FOR CoMMissIONERS' DIVISIONS. DISTiuCTS ANi> TAHSIL!; -(;0",4, -~----~----:------,------Divisional Location Code D""'" I.o __

=:::.-=-_N___ a_~-=-e __ -O_f-~-.,-~~l_'-V=iS1~'o=n===-_!.--L__::=-N_o__ __ N'=~""i" I~ 1 __N_a_m_e.~..-~_~:a~h~s_il-_-_-_-_-=J.;I,L_C_:_O_'_

Bhopal 4 I Shajapur . , • . 23 Susner , , . . 23[1 .. 23 Agar . '. .. 23Z2 .. 23 Shajapur, , "" 23ZS .. 23 Shujalpur, , ' . 23"j4 Bhopal 4 Ra}iarh , , .. - -24- Khllchipur" ' , 24[1 •• 24 Rajgarh . , ' , 24Z2 .. 24 Biaora. . " ' , 24Z3 r .' 24 I' Sarangpu " . . 24Z4 .. 24 N~a~r,~s=-in~g~a~rh~'~' ______'_'~I_~24~1T.5~-- Bhopal 4 VidGh-a---,-,---,-,- ~ Lateri . . ','. I' 25Q .. 25 Sironj " 25Z ., 25 Kurwai _ " , 25Z3 .. 25 Basoda " .,' 25Z4 ., 25 Vidisha . , " ' 2575 Bhopal 4 Sehore--.-, ----,-,- ---:!s- Berasia . . ' , . 26['- .' 26 Sehore . . ' . . 26Z2 .. 26 Huzur ., ,,26Z3 •• 26 Ashta . • ' , 26/4 .. 26 lchhawar, , . , 26/5 ., 26 Nasrullaganj " 2616 --=-_,!;",__. _____-!... _ 26 Budni . • • . ~77 Bhopal 4 RaiseD " " ~ Raisen " ,,27[1 27 Chairatganj , , 27Z2 27 Begamganj. , . . 2713- 27 Goharganj" •. 27Z4 27 BaraiJy . . . . 27Z5 27 Silwani . • • • 27Z6 27 U daipura .. .. 27]7 Bhopal 4 Hoshangabad --,-.-. i~ Harda.. ""I 28[1 I 28 Seoni-Malwa . • 2872 , 28 Hoshangabad ., 28/.3 .' 28 Sohagpur. . . . 28/4_ Bhopal •. ~ Bhainsdehi.. • . 29[1 29 1Betul , . . . 2912 29 Multai . . .. 2973

Jabalpur .• 5 Sagar 30 I Khurai •. 30[1 30 Banda .. 30Z2 " 30 Sagar .. 30Z3 30 Rehli " 30/4 ------__ "------5 Damoh 31 Hatta 31[1 Jabalpur •• 2 ______31 I__ Damob-- ______-k ______31/ - labalpur ,. 5 Jabalpur 32 Murwara 32 Sihora , 32 Patan .. 32 ]abalpur Jabalpur ., II Narsimhapur 33 Gadarwara .. 33/1 33 N arsimhapur 33/2 ------1------.. ---- ..... JabalpUt~ .. Mandla 34 Niwas 3411 34 Dindori 34Z7. " 34 lIfandla. 3473 " -----:----~-,,_------1- 35/1 ' JabaJpur .• Chbindwara .• 35 Chhiridwara 35 Amarwara •• 35Z2 " 35 Sausar " '3573 ------~~----~------.--~~~--~------~--~~._--~- toCA.TION CODlt FOR COMMIssfoNE{tS' DIVISIONS:DISTRICTS AND TAHSILS-Concld.

D~visional Location Code District Location Code Tahsil Location Code ------_------Name of Division kc No. __N_am_e_o--::,.-D_l_'S_tn_Oc_t-=--=--=.!...IL_C_:_:._O_. -,- __N_a_m_e_o_:::_T_a_b_si_I __-!-_LC __....::_:~o:. __ ...: 1 -1 2 Jabalpur .• 5 Seoni 36 Lakhnadon 36/1 36 Seoni 36J2

_J_a_bal__ p_l_a ___ ••______._.~----5--I~B-W-~-~-h-a-t--.--. ______·_·~I ___i_~ __ ~~-ru-~-~-;-e~-:-i--::------:-:~--:-~-1:_1 __

Bilaspur .. I ,6 Surguja 38 Bbaratpur " 38/1 38 Baikuntbpur 3812 " 38 Surajpur •• 38Z3 38 Pal .. 38Z4 38 .Ma;nendragarh 38Z5 38 Ambikapur 38ze 38 Samd 38]7

BiIa,spur 6 BiIaspur 39 Mungeli 39/.1 ,t 39 Bilaspur 39[2 .. 39 Katgbora " 39Z3 39 Janjgir 39Z4 .. 39 Sakti " 39]5 Bilaspur 6 Raigarh 40 Udaipur •• 40[1 40 Jashpur " 4012 40 Gbargboda 40/3 "., 40 Raigarh " 4!J14 .. 40 Sarangarb •• 40]5 ------~~--~------~----~------~I------Raipur 7 Durg 41 Kawardha .. 41, Kbairagarh .. 41 Bemetara •• .. 41 Rajnandgaon ,. 41 Durg •• 41 Sanjari-Balod ------1------Raipur 7 Raipur 42 Baloda-Bazar 42 Raipur •• 42 Mahasamund 42 Dhamtari •• 42 Bindranawagarh

Raipur 7 Bastar 43 Bhanupratappur 43 Kanker .• .. 43 Narayanpur 43 Kondagaon .. " 43 Bijapur .. 43 Dantewara 43 I' J agdalpur •. .. 43 Konta .. iS4-.

APPENDix XV --- LIST OF TOWNS S.No. District S.No. Town Lc S.No. District S.No. Town Lc No. No.

2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5

1. Morena Ambah I 46 Burhar VI 2 Morena II 47 Amlal VII 3 Joura ITI 48 Nargada-Hari-Dafai VIII 4 Sabalgarh IV 49 Pa.san IX 5 BijeyfJU.'l" V 50 Beohari X 6 Sheopur VI 13. Sidhi 51 Sidhi I 2. Bhind 7 Bhind I 14. Mandsaur 52 Jawa.d I 8 Mehgaon II 53 Neemuch II 9 Gohad 111 54 Manasa III 10 I..ah.at- IV 55 Bhanpura IV 3. GwaUor 11 Gwalior I 56 Rampura V 12 Pichhore II 57 Malha.rgarh VI 13 Dabra III 58 Narayangarh VII 1-4 Bhander IV 59 Garoth VIII IX 4. Datia 15 Datia I 60 Mandsaur 61 Sitamau X 5;' Shi"PUri 16 Ka'tera I 62 Ga.ndhisagar Colony XI 17 Shivpuri II 63 Shamgarh XII 18 Kolaras III I 19 Pichhore IV 15. Ratlam 64 Ta.l 65 Ja.ora II 6. Guna 20 Cbanc4eri I 66 Sailana III 21 Guna. U 67 Alot IV 22 Ashl'llmagar III 68 RatIam V 23 R&g&oga,r.R IV 16. Ujjalh 69 Ma.bidpnr I 24 Mun«aoli V 70 Khacharod II 25 Chachaura-Binaganj VI 71 Tarana III 7. Tika.mga.rh 26 Tikam-garh I 72 Ujjain IV 8. Chlta.tarpur 27 Sarsed (Harpalpllt) I 73 Badnagar V 28 Nuwgong II 74 Nagda VI 2S Garhi-Malehra II! 30 Ma&a.rajpur IV 17. jhabua 75 Petlawad I 31 Chhata.I'pQ.t V 76 Thandla II 32 l{bajllraho VI 77 jhabua III 33 Bljawar VII 78 jobat IV 79 Ahrajpur V I). Palltl.a 34 Ajaigarh I 80 Ranapur VI 35 Panna II 18. Dhar 81 Badnawar I to. Satna 36 Satna I 82 Sardarpur-Rajgarh II 37 Nagod II 83 Dh:l£ It [ 38 Unchahara III 84 Manlw,],£ IV 39 Maihar IV 85 Kukshi V 11. ReWa 40 Rewa I 86 Dharampurl VI 12. Shahdol 41 Umaria I 19. {More 87 Sawer I 42 Khodargama II 88 Depalpur II 43 j ohilla Colliery III 89 Indore III 44 Kotma IV 90 Mhow IV 45 Shahdol V 91 Mhowgaon y 155

" List 01 Towns. ApPllndix-XV -eonltl. ------2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5

-~---- ZOo Dewas 92 Bhaut'asa 1 28. Hoshangabad 140 Pipariya I 93 Dewas II 141 Sohagpur II 94 Sonkatch II! 142 Hoshangabau III 95 Ratpiplaya IV 143 Itarsi IV 96 Kannod V 144 Babai V 97 Bagli VI 145 Pachmarhi (Noti- VI 98 Khategaon VII fted Area). 146 Pachmarhi (Can-VII 21. Kbargone(West 99 Barwaha I tonment). Nimar). 100 Sil.nawad II 147 Seoni-Malwa VIII 101 M:e.heshwa.r III 148 Timarni IX 102 M:andleshwar IV 149 Rarda X 103 Kasrawad V 150 Khirkiya XI 104 Barwani VI 29. Betu) 151 Betul I 105 Anjad VII 152 Betul Bazar II 106 Rajpnr VIII 153 Multai III 107 Bhikangaon IX 154 Amla IV' lOS Kbargone X 30. Sagar 155 Bina (Etawa) I 109 Sendhwa XI 156 Khurai 11 110 Khetia XII 157 Banda HI 111 Gogaon XUI 158 Sagar (Munici- IV pa.lity) 22. Khandwa (East 112 Khandwa I 159 Sagar(Cantonment) V Nimar). 113 Nepa Nagar .II 160 Raha.tgarh 114 Burhanpur III VI 161 Garh;1kota VII 23. ShAjapur llS Susner I 162 Rehli VIII 116 Nalkhera II 163 Deari IX 117 Aga.r III 81. Damoh 164 Ha.tta I 118 Shajapur IV 165 Damoh II 119 Akodia V 166 Patharia Kalan III 120 Shujalpur VI 32. Jabalpur 167 Kymore I 24. Rajgath I'll Khilchipur I 168 Ordance Factory II 122 Rajgarh II Area. Katni. 123 Biaora III 169 Murwara III 124 Narsingarh IV 170 New Katni (June-IV 125 Sarangpur V tion Area). 171 Tikuri V 25. Vidisha 126 Sironj I 172 Sihora VI 127 Kurwai II 173 Katangi VII 128 Basoda III 174 Patan VIII 129 Vidisha IV 175 Panagar IX 176 Jabalpur (M.C.) X 26. Sehore 130 Bhopal I 177 J abalpur (Can- XI 131 Govindpura II tonment). 132 Bairagarh III 178 Khamarla XI[ 133 Sehore IV 33. Narsimhapur 179 Narsimhapur I 134 Ashta V 180 Gadarwara II 135 aerasia VI 181 Kare1i III 136 Ichhawar VII 182 Chhota ChhindwaraIV 27. Raisen 137 Raisen I 34. Mandla 183 Dindori I 138 Begamganj II 184 Mandla II 139 Baraily III 185 Nainpur III 156

Appendix-X List of town •.

2 8 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

218 Mungeli' . V 35. Chhindwara 186 Panara I 187 Iklehra II 219 Bilaspur VI 188. Bhamodi III 220, Slrgiti VII 189 Chandameta IV 221 Akaltara VUI 190 Danger Parasia V 222 Champa IX 191 Butaria VI 228 Sakti X 192 Chikhlikalan VII 224 NaiIa-]anjgir XI 193 Badkuhi VIII 40. Raigarh 225 Jashpuroagar I 194 Jamai IX 226 Kharsia II :X 195 Chhindwara 227 Raigarh III 196 Sausar XI 228 Sarangarh IV 197 Pandhurna XU 41. Durg 229 . Kawardha I 198 Lodhikhera XIII 230 Bemetara II 36. Sconi 199 Dungarla Chhapara I 231 Chhuikhadan III 200 Seoni II 232 Khairag~h IV 37. Balaghat 201 Katangi I 233 Ahiwara V 202 Wara-Seoni II 234 Bhi~nagar VI 203 Balaghat III 235 Durg VII 204 Tirodi IV 236 Dongargarh VIlI 237 Rajnandgaon IX ~S. Sllrgnja 205 Ramanujganj I 206 Ambikapur II 238 &lod X 207 Surajpur III 239 Rajbahra Jharan- XI 208 Baikuntbpur IV Dalli. 209 Manendragarb V 42. Raipur 240 Bhatapara I 210 North Jhagrakhand 241 Baloda-Bazar II Colliery. VI 242 Newara III 211 South Jhagrakhand 243 Sarafpali IV Colliery. VII 244 Raipur V 212 Kurasi~ VIII 245 Mahasamund VI 213 Chirmiri Colliery IX 246 Cobra NawaparaVII 39. Bilaspur 214 GaureDa I 247 Dhamtari VIII 215 Korba Mining AreaIl 43. Bastar 248 Kanker I 216 Kota III 249 ]agdalpur II 217 Takhatpur IV 250 Kirandul III 157

APPENDIX xv LIST OF SPECIAL AREAS OF 1961 CENSUS

District Name of Charge Limits of tlte Charge Officer who was appointee! as Charge Officer ----~------~2~------~3~------4 Gwalior Gwalior Corporation Area comprising the limits of GwaIior Municipal Commission!'r, Corporation ana that outside tbe Gwalior Corporation. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Morar Cantonment Area comprising the limits of Morar Executive Officcr Morar Cantonment. Cantonment. Rewa Rewa Municipality Area comprising the limits of Rewa Chief Executive Officer, Municipality and that outside the Rewa Municipality. limits which was treated as part of. the town for Census purposes. Mandsaur Neemuch Municipality Area compri<;ing the limits of Neemuch Chief Executive Officer, Municipality and that outside the Neemuch Municipality. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Mandsaur Municipality .. Area comprising the limits of Mandsaur Chief. Executive Officer, Municipality and that outside the Mandsaur Municipality. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Ratlam J aora Municipality Area comprisin~ the limits of Jaora Chief Executive Officer, Municipality and that outside the Jaora Municipality., limits which was treated as paTt of . the town for Census purposes. Ratlam Area comprising the limits of Ratlam Municipal Commissioner, Municipality and that outside the Ratlam Municipality. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Ujjain Ujjain MUnicipality Area comprising the limits of Ujjain Municipal Commissioner, Municipality and that outside thc Ujjain Municipality. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Indore Indore Corporation Area comprising the limits of Indore Municipal Commissioner, Municipal Corporation and that out- Indore Corporation. side the limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Mhow Cantonment Area Comprising the limits of Mhow Executive Officer, l\fuow Cantonment. Cantonment. West-Nimar .• Khandwa Municipality Area comprising the limits of Khandwa The Secretary, Khandwa Municipality and that outside the Municipality. limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. Burhanpur Municipality " Area comprising·the limits of Btirhan­ Secretary (Executive pur Municipality and that outside Officer) Burhanpur Mu­ the limits which was treated as part nicipality. of the town for Census purposes. N epanagar Area Area comprising the limits of Nepana­ Managing Director and gar. Secretary National News Print and Paper Mills Ltd., Nepanagar. 158

List of Special Areas Appendix XV -concU.

!!

Sehore Bhopal Municipality ',' Area comprising the limits of Bhopal Executive Officer. Bbo­ Municipality and that outside the pal Municipality. limits which waS treated as part of the town for Census purposes .. Heavy Electricals Area.. Area comprising the limits of H ea vy Managing Dirt'ctor. Heavy Electricals. Electricals Ltd .• Bhopal. Hoshangabad Pachmarhi Cantonment Area comprising the limits of Pach- Executive Officer. Pach- marh! Cantonment. marhi Cantonment. Sagar Sagar Municipality Area comprising the limits of Sagar Secretary (Executive Municipality and that outside the. Officer), Sagar Munici. limits which was treated as part of the pality. town for Census purposes. Sagar Cantonment Area comprising the limits of Sagar Executive Officer. Saga.r Cantonment. Cantonment. Damoh Damoh. Municipality Area comprising the limits of Damoh Secretary ( Executive Municipality and that outside the Officer) Damoh Muni­ limits which was. treated as part of cipality. the town for Census purposes. Jahalpur Murwara Municipality Area comprising the limits of Murwara Secretary (Executive Municipality and that outside the Offic('r). Murwara Muni­ limits which was treated as part of the cipality. town for Census purposes. ]abalpur Corporation Area comprising the limits of Jabalpur Chief Executive Officer, Corporation and that outside the Jabalpur Corporation; limits which was treated as part of the town for Census purposes. ]abalpur Cantonment Area comprising the limits of Jabalpur Executive Officer, Jabal­ Cantonment. pur CantoD ment. Bilaspur Bilaspur Municipality Area comprising the limits of Bilaspur Secretary (Executive MuniCipality and that outside the Officer). Bilaspur Muni­ limits which was treated as part of the cipality. town for the Census purposes. Raigarh .. Raigarh Municipality Area comprising the limits of Raigarh Secretary (Executive Municipality and that outside the Officer). Raigarh Muni­ limits which was treated as part of the cipaity. town for Census purposes. Durg Bhilainagar Area Area compriSing the limits of Bhilai- General Manager, Bhilai nagar. Steel Project, Bhilai- nagar. Raipur Raipur Municipality Area comprising the limits of Raipur Secretary (Executive. Municipality and that outside the Officer) Raipur muni­ limits which was treated as part of the cipality. town for Census purposes. 159

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Received from the Superintendent of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh, Bhop3.1, Census cii'cular No.2, dated 10th September 1969, at...... I)D •••••••••• 1969.

(time) (date) ...... (Signature) ...... (Designation) 160

APPENDIX (VitU Chapter DISTRIBUTION OF ENUMERATORS AND SUPERVI~bFS (INCLUDI:KG

Enumerators' r------A-----______~ S.No. Houselisting Census Enumeratlpn , State/Division! ,.-. ______..J- ______~ DistIlct Teachers Patwari Govt. Others Teachersr------A------.. Patwa.ri Govt. Others Official Official

,2 3' 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

STATE Total 1,721 14,444 1,843 403 58,739 1,015 .4,458 1,7.5 . Rural 1,026 14,338 322 226 49,189 882 2,044 979 Urban 695 106 1,521 177 9,550 133 ,2.414 736

I.-GWALIOR DIVISION Total 42 2,053 309 3i 6,520 172 581 94 Rural 30 2,043 16 11 5,762 171 55 89 Urban 12 10 293 20 758 1 526 5

1 Morena •. Total 475 57 1,479 63 93 11 Rural 475 1 1,374 62 23 11 Urban 56 105 1 70

2 Bhind .. Total 408 42 4 1,363 4 4 Rural 406 4 4 1,230 '4 Urban 2 38 133

3 Gwalior Total 257 120 944 109 379 Rural 253 625 109 Urban 4 120 319 379

4 Datia Total 145 18 489 10 Rural 145 430 Urban 18 59 10

5 Shivpuri Total 397 37 12 1,096 Rural 393 11 7 1,071 .. Urban 4 26 5 25

6 Guna Total 41 371 17 15 1,149 95 79 Rural 30 371 1,032 28 74 Urban 11 17 15 U7 67 5

II-REWA DIVISION Total 100 2:452 72 22 8,118 45 142 142 Rural 35 2,435 24 5 6,317 43 21 98 Urban 65 17 48 17 1,801 2 121 44

7 Tikamgarh Total 11 296 5 826 3 12 30 Rural 296 780 3 12 27 Urban 11 5 46 3

8 Chhatarpur Total 33 361 10 17 1,176 5 22 Rural 16 354 5 1,018 14 Urban 17 7 10 12 158 5 8 l61

XVI XI. Para 91) RESERVE) BY BROAD CATEGORIES FOR 1971 CENSUS

Supervisors r------~------~------~ '. Houselisting Census Enumeration ~--~------~------~ Teachers Patwari Govt. Official Others r------~------~Teachers Patwari Govt. Official Others

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

528 698 658 338 2,436 10,867 8,981) 65S 417 576 385 176 1,434 9,992 3;aSi311B -Soo 101 122 273 162 1,002 875 !is ~6:l- 201158

11 82 91 35 230 519 1,714 27 2 41 70 34 125 393 1,684 11 9 4] 21. 1 105 126 3() 10

31 17 19 5 41 415 23 17 19 5 474 14 5 36 1

11 16 1 43 32 493 15 16 42 '4 491 13 "7 1 1 _ 28 2 2 19 11 143 17 168 8 1 10 60 168 8 18 1 88 17

7 2 21 145 7 145 2 21

8 20 1 40 395 4 6 12 1 18 394 4: 2 8 22 1

10 25 14 39 368 38 1 15 14 23 366 12 9 10 16 2 26

9 128 47 2 177 2,449 64 47 S 116 31 88 2jotiI8 llol 3 'J 7 35 6. 12 16 2 89 - 10 57 12

5 16 2 14 293 14 15 2 292 10 5 1 2 12 1 4

4 5 20 49 359 17 3 18 25 352 9 1 5 2 24 7 S 1621 APPENDIX _-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9 Panna ., Total ·5 233 12 67.4 6 57 Rural 1 232 622 4 57 Urban 4 1 12 52 2 10 Satna Total 45 440 4 1,291 33 . Rural 13 438 1.166 ,. Urban 32 2 4 125 33

11 Rewa. Total 413 14 1,524 116 Rural 413 1,522 Urban 14 2 116 12 Shahdol Total 3 404 28 1,590 9 .. Rural 3 397 20 186 9 Urban 7 8 1,404 .. 13 Sidhi Total 3 305 4 1,037 36 Rural 2 305 4 1,023 36 i.,. Urban 1 14 llI-INDORE_DIVISION Total 280 2,482 672 78 10,427 236 1,598 385 Rural 118 2,474 146 61 7,769 220 1,097 258 Urban .. 162 8 526 17 2,658 18 501 127 14 Mandsaur TotM 400 87 1,162 339 Rural 400 1,162 339 Urban 87

15 Ratlam Total 182 98 8 1,069 26 Rural 178 47 723 25 Urban 4 51 8 346 1 16 Ujjain •• Total 335 155 18 1,829 20 109 26 Rural 334 44 14 841 20 45 11 Urban 1 111 4 488 64 15

17 Jhabua •• Total 4 217 28 5 510 171) 285 83 Rural 214 10 3 477 154 265 71 Urban " . 3 18 2 33 16 20 12 18 Dhar Total 362 24 1,128 138 Rural 362 982 126 Urban 24 146 12

19 IndtiTe Total 8 147 188 1,543 30 211 Rural 8 147 19 551 30 Urban 169 992 211

10, Dewas •• Total 43 234 17 41 941 1 75 71 Rural 43 234 39 769 1 28 34 Urban 17 2 172 47 37

!1 Khargone (W. Nimar) Total 81 325 57 6 1,557 15 52 205 ~ural 325 10 5 1,327 15 35 142 Urban 81 47 I 230 17 63

t2 Khandwa (E. Nimar) Total 144 280 18 1.188 363 Rural 67 280 16 937 234 Urban 71 2 251 129 __ . -163 XVI -eofIfN.

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

12 3 15 233 10 12 233 5 3 15 5 32 2 2 46 443 6 16 27 12 443 18 5 2 2 84 6 26 5 24 410 27 26 24 410 5 27 25 3 2 402 21 25 2 400 2 1 2 2 19 12 12 27 309 )1 11 25 309 1 1 2 28 95 172 34 350 1,791 __ ~86 75 61 59 31 47 1,718 tiI-~at'" ~ 28 84 113 3 303 73 28S. :, Ji'2.. 6 18 22 1 1 18 22 18 1 18 22 22 12 15 17 229 50 1 11 13 177 2 11 4 4 52 48 8 28 6 101 16 332 8 12 6 7 318 6 8 16 94 16 14 2

13 5 8 201 25 9 12 4 196 15 9 1 5 4 5 10

8 16 363 29 16 363 8 29

8 52, no 147 139 3 8 147 3 52 109 139

2 6 12 6 234 31 16 12 5 234 14 2 6 1 34 2 19 22 12 10 36 303 41 33 22 3 9 11 303 1 37 19 9 I 25 40 2

7 10 16 71 280 14 5 15 6 280 8 7 5 1 65 6 i64 APPENDIX

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

IV-BHOPAL DIVISION Total 396 2,584 396 38 1,439 141 479 ]29 Rural 375 2,567 54 34 6,227 86 118 111 Urban 2] 17 342 .( ],2]2 55 361 18

23 Shajapur Total 332 26 963 3 42 Rural 331 867 3 34 Ux-ban 26 96 8

24 Rajgarh Total 288 30 ],003 54 Rural 288 911 41 Urban 30 92 13 25 Vidisha .• Total 314 32 903 Rural 314 743 Urban 32 160 26 Sehore •• T-Qtal 6 295 171 28 1,369 135 341 ]]0 Rural 6 295 9 28 983 80 13 95 Urban 162 386 55 328 15 27 Raisen .. Total 249 4 1 794 15 RUBI 248 1 752 12 Urban 4 42 3 28 Hoshangabad Total 4 330 133 9 1,166 2 42 Rural 329 45 5 858 2 30 Urban 4 88 4 308 12 29 "Betul Total 75 262 1,241 4 Rural 39 262 1,113 4 Urban 36 128 V-JABALPUR Total 436 2,351 238 66 10,459 313 877 234 DIVISION Rural 44 2,336 55 59 8,662 254 290 54 Urban 392 15 183 7 1,797 59 587 ]80 30 Sagar .. Total 128 398 1,470 125 55 Rural 26 391 1,09] 29 24 Urban 102 7 379 96 31 31 Damoh •• Total 32 213 981 2 49 Rural 213 836 2 38 Urban 32 145 11 32 Jabalpux- Total 127 389 129 2,062 77 487 154 Rural 389 1,422 20 56 S Urban 127 129 640 57 431 149 33 Narsimhapur Total 24 219 3 664 17 Rural 6 219 563 17 Urban 18 101 34 MandJa ., Total 64 339 17 54 1,287 14 7 Rural 338 16 54 1,211 14 7 Urban 64 1 76

85 Chhindwara Total 40 320 26 12 1,469 182 38 11 Rural 316 5 1,199 182 10 11 Urban 40 4 26 7 270 2B 165

XVI-~1tt4. , . , 11 .. 11 13 14 15 lEI 17 18

16 52 70 120 289 1.722 331 324 5 52 22 73 ]96 1,689 46 =3~1 11 48 47 93 33 285 II .3 6 14 8 ]4 324 14 1 321 6 8 13 3 16 8 13 288 27 16 .. 5 288 16 8 '8 "11 19 10 314 35 19 314 10 35 9 70 179 309 ]84 6 25 179 279 ]6 3 45 30 168 '4 23 12 252 4 21 250 4 2 12 2 4 2 17 .:33 30 295 67 17 16 3 294 13 2 17 27 1 54 14, 13 47 264 5 13 9 264 9 38

168 198 94 73 I,O~3 2,154 183 7 124 174 58 686 ],706 86 7 44 24 36 73 337 448 97

20 21 4 71 f 395 23 20' '·4 ·70 6 8 21 1 389 15 1 . 14 ;.2 1 .35 213 3 13 2]3 1 1 2 1 35 3 9 31 66 179 457 58 17 406 1 9 14 66 179 51 57 ., 11 3 25 220 11 3 219 8 25 1 13 2 17 341 7 7 2 17 340 6 7 13 1 1

113 123 7 428 312 39 104 121 339 312 32 9 2 7 89 7 166

APPENDIX

I 2 [I 4 5 6 1 8 9 10

36 Seoni .. Total 12 267 20 980 12 Rural 12 267 9 927 Urban 11 53 12

37 Balaghat ToW. 9 206 43 1,546 52 135 1 Rural 21)3 27 1,413 50 126 1 Ur~n 9 3 16 133 2 9 .. , <•• VI-BILASP(JR Total aes 776 83 45 7,206 53 205 316 DIVISION Rural 368 762 13 15 6,829 53 63 24 Urban 11 14 10 30 317 142 61 38 Surguja .. Total 369 14 22 2,106 32 21 Rural 36$ 13 1,990 17 21 Urban " 1 14 9 116 15 39 Bilaspur Total 529 31 41 3,424 132 291 Rutal 529 14 3,197 21 224 Urban 31 27 227 111 67

40 Raigarh Total 16 233 30 4 ],876 53 41 Rurat .. 233 1 1,642 53 25 "4 Urban 16 30 4 34 16 '. ....< .. VII-RAIPUR Total 82 1,746 73 123 8,570 55 57E! 415 DlVISION Rural 56 1,721 14 '41 7,623 55 400 120 Urban 26 2S 59 82 947 176 295 41 Durg .. TQtal 41 721 48 80 3,366 151 293 Rutal -16 721 2 3,018 132 9 Vrban 25 46 80 348 19 284 42 Raipur l'4ta1 630 21 2'778 am Rural 605 2 2,778 19.i Vrban .. 25 500 I~S

43 Bastar ~ 41 370 25 .22 1.926 • &5 1O'J 122 aural 40 370 12 20 1,827 55 1;1. 118 Urban .. 1 13 2 99 32 " 167 ~~ , XVI...... concltl.

11 12 13 14 - IS 16 17 18

14 13 6 .273 13 13 14 7 ... 't13 7 7 6 6 ...... 6 6 4 13 ·17 12 203 40 19 'io '4 '203 32 4 7 u. S 8 . 296 90 15 2. 320 706 597 68 283 89 11 289 652 574 19 13 1 15 13 31 54 "29 ;49 _- .. 28 3 14 9 368 9 21 .!Zl . • ..9 , 6 367 5 1 3 5 3 '. "'1 9 16 "'" . .~ ... 32 9 '10 21 34 530 47 32 . .\~ . ~ ....;. .\530 14 9 tt 21 34 33 1> .!!" ~ ,~ 296 30 3 290 304 58 2tm :'30 • J• ,183 .as ·44 '~3 'tf'•• 3 '(;'.7 _.19, . ,M

53 169 50 47 1,526 405 110 43 145 27 3 1,395 377 32 10 24 23 44 131 28 78 34 34 23 41 719 32 78 31 19 715 4 3 15 23 41 4 28 78 110 9 782 101 9 6Cf1 9 - 115 19 25 18 6 25 373 32 ... 12 _.25 •.18 3 13 373 32 '7 3 12 APPENDIX XVII (Viii. Chapter XII. para 94, ~.1lTm;r "'tit'" ~ (i!'C1:) f'l1t11t ~ t\9!-'i'~\9·~..;pR-

ftm If'( ~ ~ ~ ..,;- ~ iii' ~ fOfif1ififitt ~ ~ \1"'4«1(14 mftr 11ft' ~ ~~ (:- ... (1) ~ f.rcrm orftRirtt, "W5(~IfI, 1i'rmf; (~) ~, ~ ~ (~) f,rqrlr, "sqS{lhl, ~ 'lfT ~T f"f41f"l« arf1A;rtt; (~) ~~, ~ mrv, .,sqSl1\", ~i ("t) ~~, iiA'rUIOfI ~, ~ (iFijofl'l<), tf£llSi~"', 'iPmri (~) 61'('R( ~ ft~mr. ~ ilfe\filua' ~, f'l64SI'a", ~Cjlf(;l4< [q5ljSjihl 'Ifmrir, ~ (~) fcrifM',~'Ii. \r:;'N-Vtr:;\-~~-i(T, ~,~ t'\~ 1m]~lIiirtr t f.cm i'fsr~ If( ~ ~rrr it; ifi~lj' itr fWi«~ ifi~ rn it; ~ ~­ ifI'i\' W.

lf~ t ,,~~ t if11{ ~ '61t1 anm~, ~.1f. ;n~, '\NtlNCIl', mifN mA (iN{) fcr¥mr.

'afilri'C(i el9,-)(,~",-am'{~..;:pJ'(-it, ~, fiAA; ~ iil'rrcrtl' e\,r:;.

srRtf~fft ~:- (0 ~amr 1fifm;r

..1f«. ~, ~~, ~ 'lImA (;pi"() fIr,"",_ 169

AP:PENDIIX IXVIII

(Vide Chapter XII, Para 94) . LIST OF TOWNS WHERE. PERMANENT NUMBER PLATES WERE AF FIXED OR A PERMANENT NUMBERING SCHEME EXISTS A Llat or towns where house numberinA was done accorcUng to roads/streets/lanes and permauent number plate. were afflxed

District Towns District Towns

2 1 2 1. Morena Ambah 14. Mandsaur •• 36 Jawad 2 Morena 37 Manasa 3 Joura. 38 Bhanpura 4 Sabalgarh 39 Rampura 5 Bijeypur 40 Malhargarh 6 Sheopur 41 Narayangarh 42 Garoth 2. Bbind 7 Bhind 43 Mandsaur 8 Mehgaon 44 Sitamau 9 Gohad 45 Ga.ndhisagar Colony . 10 I..a.har 46 Shamgarh 3. Gwalior IS. Ratlam .. 47 Tal 4. Datia 11 Datia 48 Joom 5. Shivpuri 12 Karera 49 Sailana 13 Shivpuri 50 Aiot 14 Kolaras 51 Ratlam 15 Pichhore 16. Ujjain 52 Mabidpur 6. Guna 16 Chanderi 53 Khacharod 17 Gnna 54 Tarana 18 Asholmagar 55 Ujjain 19 Raghogarh 56 Badnagar 20 Mungaoli 57 Nagda 21 Chachaura-Binagunj. 17. Jhabua .. 58 PetIawad 7. Tikamgarh 22 Tikamgarh 59 Thandla 60 Jhabua 8. Chhatarpur 23 Sarsed (Harpalpur) 61 Jobat 24 GiLrhi-Malebra 62 Alirajpur 25 Maharajpur 63 Rampur 26 Chhatarpur 27 Khajuraho 18. Dhar 64 Badnawar 28 Bijawar 65 Sardarpur-Rajgarh 66 Dhar 29 Ajaigarh 9. Panna 67 Manawar Panna 30 68 Kukshi 10. Satna ..~ 31 Santa. 69 Dharampurl 11. Rewa 32 Rewa 19. Indore .. 70 Sawer 71 Depalpur 12. Sbahdol •• 33 Umaria 72 Indore 34 Shahdol 73 Mhow 19. Sidhi 35 Sidhi 74 Mhowgaon l?tO

1 2 ... , 2

20. Dewas 75 Shaurasa 123 Timarni 76 _D"was 124 Harda 77 Sonkatch 125 Khirkiya 78 Hatpiplaya '79 KaDllod ~9. Betul 126 Betul Bazar 80 Bagli 127 Multaj 81 Khategaon 30. Sagar 128 Khutai 21. Khargone(W. Nimar) 82 Barwaha 129 Deod 83 Sanawad 84 Maheshwar 31. Damoh ., 130 Hatta 85 Mandleshwar 131 Patharia Kalan 86 Kasrawad 87 Barwani 32. Jabalpur 132 Smora S8 Anjad 89 Rajpur 33. Narsimbapur 133 Narsimhapnr 90 Bhlkhangaon 134 Gadarwara 91 Khargone 135 Kareli 92 Sendhwa. 136 Chhota.-Chbindwa.ra. 93 Klletia. 94 Gogaon 84. Mandla .' 22. Khandwa (E. Nimar) 95 Khandwa 35. ChlliDdwara 96 Burhanpur 23. Shajapur 97 Susner 36. Seani 98 Nalkbeda. 99 Agar 3'1. Balagbat 137 Katangi 188 Wa.rtJ.seoni 24. Rajgarh .• 100 Khilchipur 139 Balaghat 101 Rajga.rh 140 Tirodi 102 Biaora 103 Narsingarh 104 Sara.ngpur 38. Surgu.ia ., 141 Ramanuiganj 142 Ambikapur 25. Vidisha " 105 Sironj W6 Basoda 143 Mal1endragarb 107 Vidisha 89. Bilaspur .• 144 Rota. 26. Sehore 108 Bhopal 145 Bilaspur 109 Bairaga.rh 146 Akaltara. 110 Ashta III Berasia 147 ashpurnagar 112 Icbhawat" 40. Raigarh .• J 148 Kharsia 27. Raisen 1I3 Begamganj 149 Raiga.rh 114 Bataily 150 SUallgarh

28. Hoshangabad 115 Pipatiya. 116 Sol1agpur 41. Durg 151 Durg 117 Hoshangabad 152 Rajnandgaon 118 lta.1:lIi 119 Babai 42. Rajpur .. 153 Raipur 120 Pachm.a.r hi (Noti1ied 154 Gobra-Na.wapara Mea). 155 Dhatntari . ", 121 Pachmarhi (Canton- ment). 43. Bastar 156 Kanker 122 Seoni-Malwa.. 157 JagdalpuT 171

B

LIST OF TOWNS WHICH H~D THEIR OWN SCHEME OF HOUSE NUMBERING (WARDj$ECTORjMOHALLA ETC.)

J. ~ndwa (~. Nim.ar) 1 Nepanagar 2. Sehore. 2 Go~ndpura 3. Betul 3 Amla 4. Sagar 4 Sagar Cantonment 5. DaDlOh 5 Damoh 6. Jabalpur 6 Kymore 7 Ordnance Factory Area, Katni. 'i\ New "Ka'aQ "R\y. Junction Area. 9 J abalpur Corpora­ "tion. 10 Jabalpur Canton- ment. 11 Khamaria. 7. Bilaspur •. 12 Korba Mining Area 8. Durg 13 Bhilainagar 14 B~od 15 Rajhara-Jharandalli 9. Bastar •• 16 Kirandul 172

APPENDIX XIX (Vide Chapter XU, Para 99) ti:onllij' trei ~ ~cn, ~ifTwonw~, ~~W Wrq;r ~t;p tf-){-~'-~~~\9, ~, f.AA; n ~. tv,'. srfu,

~ iji~, ~~. fiA1f:~4iRf IR' ~ ~;f Of'TiRr. ~~~crOifuf.rqf(, t~~~""'ur~nC;""~T (t) iflVU6 (If) iIl~"''''-IOI'''T;PT~~ ~ iji'{rI'T mil' ~ ill aWrcrr~ ~.q ~ i. "''''-lul''1T *R;'li' 511~T~. \iIW tr4i l1ni ~ Gjiij'C -q "STJ'CI'aTrl· am: ari~ orrfif ~;pT 5I'Il'1' i, ~ ~ qct ~T ~m arff.l f'14if iIft ~T 19&:; tI~ m ~ 0A'J1f tj"q- f.r'.q"'Jl t ar~ arA'lf'll''Ii ifi~'T Ifi~. ~ ~'Ii~ iii arf!;m 1R \ifolQo1j

Slfdf\ifq:-

t. ri arr~, 17~; ~. ~.f ~qrlft!f ~ ~oi «lrT\1j' ~T arft1';prtt', +MSiaill; ~. ~ J \1I'"1'4futirT mrq, ~; 'i. ~

CENSUS-1971 CBMItlS--IIOIEDIATB OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS MADHYA PRADESH BHOPAL rGram: CENSUS, Bhopal Rinwa Building, Tele.- ~ Opp: Vidya Vihar Post Office, (Phone; 4763-0ffice Civil Lines, 357-Residence Bhopal-2. Circular No. II. July 22, 1970.

SUBJEc;r:-Deli",lJIioll of "rban agglom"at!s lA'Id fnefllUatitm !if abridptd hOllsdid.

To ALL COLI.IIcrORS (by name), MADHYA PRADESH.

With the successful completion of filling of the houselist and the establishment schedule, we latrocIac:dOD now enter the second and final stage of the 1971 Census Operations. By way ofa preliminary to the count of individuals to be held in February, 1971. we shall have to subject the Provisional Charge Registers prepared by all the Charge Officers to a review in the light of the more reliable estimate of population now available from the houselists and their abstracts prepared by Patwaris and other Enumerators during the period April-May, 1970. Some instructions in this regard have been issued vid, Circular No.7, dated 27-6·1970 and it i, hoped that the action indicated therein has been initiated already by all the Charge Officers and is possibly nearing completion.

2. This Circular outlines the further objectives to be achieved and the action now to be ObJeed ..e take in order (a) to lay the foundation for an efficient and smooth running organisation for the Census Enumeration, 1971, and, (b) to prepare an Tnter-Censal record of a permanent nature from which it will be possible to identify with certainty every Enumerator's block with all relevant detail, even after March, 1971.

3. A perusal of the Caleu.dar of Operations forwarded to you rull this Office Circular No.4 Abridged Hoa.eUst will disclose that the period from August to October, 1970, is to be utilised for finalising the Charge Register and the steps necessary therefor have also been broadly indicated therein. The Registrar- General has recently Plescribed an Abric:it{ed Houselist. On a careful consideration it appears that separate preparation of both the final Charge Register and abstracts thereof for the guidance and use of Enumerators in 1971, and the Abridged Houselist prescribed by the Registrar-General, would not only involve a large volume of work but also considerable duplication ofeftort. There- fore it has been decided to amend and recast the work-'lChe:lule indicated in the Calendar of Operations so that not only such duplication of work is avoided but the actual work-load is reduced not only when compared to what was envisaged earlier but also in comparison to what wa, done in 1961. As you may be aware, in 1961 at the conclusion of the HO.lse-listing operations, the field agency was required to prepare the following :-

(i) Extracts from Prov~ional Charge Register Iii) Charge Circle Register (iii) Enumerator's abstract of the houselist. The eftort this time is to prepare the Abridged Houselist only u per Annexure-I and to utilise the Provisional Charge Register as a working document to correct, where necessary, the enumerator's charge as indicated in Column 15 and the number of blocks and their code numbers as given in columns 10 and II. The instructions given in this Circular ,hould, therefore, be carefully digested and followed by all concerned. URBAN AGGLOMERATES

4. An aspect of the further ~ork to be undertaken which requires to be noted immediately Urbaa Oatgrowtlui is that although, at the time of houselisting, for simplicity of administrative arrangements, the concept of urban outgrowths was ignored, it ha, not been altnogether dropped. The intention 174

remai~ to present the population data in the Distriet Census Handbook in respect of urban areas iD such a manner tbat "de-facto urban .lomeration" is a recogniQble etltity, data pertaiuing to which ,..ill be the sum of the data of not only the de-:iure (within Municlpal(other statutory limits) urban area but also of its outgrowths in ditlerent directions which are obviously urball in character and form a continuous urban spread. This is considered necessary so that future rompal'isonll or studies of the particular urban !'.!lglomeration is factual and not vitiated by the time differential which aists between the delineation of municipal boundaries and the actual growth of the urban area. The concept of non-municipal urban areas was adopted in our State in 1961 CenlUS and in view of that alao, it is necema.rv to determine the urban outgrowths of each town of 1971 Censlls so tl>at comparabilitv is maintained.

5. It is, therefore necessary to immediately identify on the spot and also pen down in detail. by metes and bounds. the areas adjoining the de-jure boundaries of each of the 250 towns listed in Appendix-II to Circular No.2 of this office which are recognizable "Urban OutgrOWths" 'l'heidentification and delimitation ofthescccUrban Outgrowth.," cannot_be a matter offormula. It can only be a matter of judgement to be exercised locally.

6. The guidinl! consideration for finall1ing the urban agglomerate can be contiguity. In other words, they Inay be new settlements at a distance of couple of furlongs from the statutory boundary of a town. Allor lIllI,.iority of the inhabitants of such outgrowths may be following non-agricultural pursuits in the near by town. Although there may be agricultural fields in between, the entire area upto such outgrowths \\-iII have to be treated as part of the urban agglo­ merate. On the other hand, there may be urban institutions like College, indu~trial estatea etc. relating to a town located at a distance of nearly 3-4 miles from the statutory limits of the town and there may be recognised, well settled revertue villages in between. Surely all the areas uPtO such a long distance cannot be treated as part of the urban agglomerate. To sum up, wher­ ever the urban outgrowth gets separated from the main town by the boundaries of a recognised, well settled revenue village, having no urban characteristics, the outgrowth should not be treated as part of the urban agglomerate. One more situation that may have to be kept in view will ~ in respart of adioin!ng towns which may look li~e a continuous spread. For example, the area from Bhopal Municipal COl'J)ofafion to Ba~h Notified Area Committee. ,In such cases the delineation of urban outgrowths should be In such a way that no gaD iq left.

7. So~e of the outgrowths may have very few houses and small population while others may have many homes and a large population. In any case, each outgrowth wi!1 be treated as an individual bloclc by itself (except, of course. when it is so large that two or more Census enumera­ tion bl~ of approximately 600 population can be carved out of it). That is, they will be treated in the ume manner as hamlets (Mazras or ToJas) of villages in the rural area which have been made separate blocb howsoever small their size or population'

O' Once the 'j"dgement' bas been elCerciscd then the area must be defined by metes and bounds by readily ascertainable and locatable boundaries on the spot. This action should be ta1:en in hand atonce and all such areas IDmt be identified and defined before 20th August, 1970. It is desirable that this work should receive the responsible consideratIon of the District Censue Officer himself and that he verifies and approves the particulars in each case after spot inspection. The R~onal Deputy Directors have been instructed already to visit the districu in their juris­ diction and to rend~ necessary assistance to the District Census Officers. A note indicating the exact boundaries and houselist populaton of urban awomerates of all the towns in your district mould be prepared in triplicate to be retained by (I) the Charge Officer concerned, (2) the District Census Officer and (8) the Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh.

CARVI'ro{G OF BLOCKS AND CIRCLES

9. After identificatioll of the urban outgrowths ofthe towns, they will be added, with suitable descriptive names. at the end of the concerned town in the Town Register in form D after writing' across the form the legend "Urban Outgrowths"· Thereafter, they will also be included in the appropriate place in the urban Charge Register in Form E. The insertion in the urban Charge R.egister will be made with due regard to the size and geographical location of the outgrowth and in contiguity with Some particUlar ward/wards! non-ward area of the adjoinin~ toWll. AI regards a smail outgrowth. entries in respect of it io the Charge Register will be made unmedfafely below the block to which it is proposed co be added. The entries in columns 5 and 6 will have to be made after taking out the information from the houselist copy available in the Tahsil. The information Pertaining to colUDUJ8 7, 8 and 9 may not be available, hence it may be left blank. In column 10 the outsrowth will be shown as a lDinhnum of one block, whatever its size, subject, of course, to the condition that if it is large enough, it may be shown to comprise 2 or more blocb based on the standard of 600 population size fOl each block. In column 11 the corresponding aerial numbers will have to be given in that column. Finally in column 15 it will have to be decided and indicated which enumerator will do the work-there. Presuming that the outgrowth has a population of say 50 thell the 'block' rePresenting that outgrowth will have to be clubbed to tb.c acijoiDinlJ block to fortll onc enu~erator's char,e. If on the other the outgrowth is iuclf large enough to Corm one or more blocb. then it can be simply added on at the end oCtbe present .Charge Register for the town as an a~ditional entry. ,It may also happen that two or' three outgrbwth~ are near enough on the periphery of the town to be clubbed together to' form a con· venieilt work area having the requisite population load for one enumerator to be lUSigned 10 that charge. In this case also the relevant entries can be ma.de after the e~i~ting ertries in the Cbarge RegisteJ.

10. It will be apparent from the above that there will be changes in the entries in columns ~ Ia ...... 10, 11 and 1,5 and insertion offresh matter in the Charge Register in respect of those town. which have urban outgrowths. The existing Charge Register in the Tah9il should be used as a rough working document for taking the above action;'

II. As a .result of ~anges in the urban C~arge Registe~. there wi.ll be .correspondinlt chan~ in the rural VUlage Repter and Charge RegISter. The Village Regnter 1D form C will renw.n unaltered in so fai-;'ln the village location code number is concerned. but other information will have to be modified by subtracting information of the area treated a.~ urban O\Jtgrowth and an entry in the reIIllU"ks col~mn against t.he partiCUlar village entry will have to be made. In the rural Charge Register in form E, in all case" where only a part of the village has been ~eated as an urban outgrOwth the remaining village will C9ntinue as a rural block in the same position but with an altered number of hopses and population estimation obtained by subtracting from the respective blocks the iDformation pertaining to the urban' outgrowth .. If however an entire settled village is treated as an urban outgrowth then the corresponding block!blocks of that village will not at all ~e in the rural Charge Register. As a result the sequence of numbering in columns 1 \ and 15 will have a gap which will have to be filled up by taking up the sequence numbering in columns 11 and 15 in continuation of the number recorded for the la.~t Block of the preceding village, for the blocb of the succeeding village· At the same time mention will have to be made in remarks column that the particular village has been treated as an urban out$"OwtI!. ofauch and sUl!h town. 12. For carving out enumerator's block and Supervisor's circles, it would not he out of place Popaladoa ..... to rei~te here that the norm should he 600 population for an urban block and 750 population for a rural blQCk· . However, the population range may be 450-750 for an urban block and 600-900 for a rural block. Here it may be noted that the boundaries of a village/ward are not to be trans. grc:ssed in any case. In other words, part of a village/ward should not be added to another village! ward or part of another village/ward. In view of this stipulation and on the ground of distance you JDaY, in very exceptional cases, fur enumerator's charge having a population which may be less or more than the population range indicated above. In the urban area, care will have to be taken in respect of houseless and institutional population also. Areas where these catego.rles of population are found should be immediately listed and the enumerator's block: in such areas may have house-list population of approximately 450 • . 13. In the urban areas, the Supervism;'s circle will comprise of four to five enumerator'. blocks of the above sl21e. But in the ,ural areali. the Patwari should be the Supervis.or for all the blocks in his Mlka.

14. While finalising the blocks in the rural areas, it should be ensured that Patwari halkas are not split up by including in anyone Census enumeration block villages from difFerent Patwari halkas Unless overwhelming considerations of aCCCBSibility favour such an action in some specific rare instance. Also, since the sequence number of blocks and enumeration charges in columns II and 15 is likely to be changer! in any case, the opportunity should be availed offor eliminating such sub-numbers as 15-A, 15-B, etc. which were permitted to be given to missed villages/hamlets. In other words, the block code numbers and enumerator's charge must bear continuous sequence numbera and should accordingly get rdlected in the Abridged Houseliat.

ABRIDGED HOUSELIST

15. Having thus determined the numbers of Census enumeration blocks and their coverage ...... ,. 01 1:1'___ •• " with reference" to hamleta/vi11ages/warda{non-wards areas, etc. on the existing Charge Registerl ----- the information will have to be used to mark out, on the houselist copy avaliable in the tahsil, the actual group of houses which will be "comprised in each block. For this the bouselist itself should become the working sheet. Care should, however, be taken to leave it undamaged. The marks or notations for indicating the houses belonging to a particular Cens.. enumeration block, 1971, should be pencilled neatly andlightly. ¥lhen all this has been done we shall be ready to proceed with the preparation of the Abridged Houselist.

16. The abridge houselist forma (Annexure-I)will be printed and supplied to all the districu ...... a:o...u. in sufficient quantity shortly. It has three sections and will be prepared enumeration blockwise. Section-I will be into two parta. Section I-A will contain all the identifica tion particular namely, names and location code numbers of the District, Tahsil, Town/village, hamlet/ward{ block, etc .• while part I-B will contain the name and designation. of the proposed c.aunaerator and his supervisor•. It may be noted that in the rural areas, the Patwarl WIll De ~De supervi­ sor for aU the enumeration blocks in his halka while in urban areas, as far as possible. the present houselist enumerators will take over as 'upervisors for tbe enumeration blocks comprised within his houselisting charge. Hence the name of the supervisor will be repeatecl, in tbe forms four or -five enumeration blocks.

17. Section 2 will be a small section in which 1971 population figures will be entered as and when they are finalised and officially released by this office' It will, therefore, be left blaBk at present.

18. Section S is again in two parts. Section S-A will contain an .abstract statement of the jurisdiction of the particular enumeration block in terms of the house numbers and the road street/Jane or ward/ hamlet/ village pertaining thereto. Section 3-B contains columns which are self-explanatory. These will be filled UP by copying out the infQrmation from the copy of the house list available in the tahsil in which the work of allocating particular houses to particular enumeration blocks would have been done as indicated in para 15 above. The abrirllled house­ list is to be prepared in three copies the first copv will be sent to this office, the seconil copy will be given to the Enumerator for his u.~, and the third copy is _meant for the Supervisor. Sinet' it will be very difficult to prepare three original hand-written in ink, it has been decided that this abridged houselist should be- prepared in three copies by using carbon paper with copying pencil or ball point. Reasonable space should be left between .entries 10 that the enumerator can make amendments/corrections/additions/deletions, if any, when he makes his enumeration rounds for filling the indiviq1:l~_slip.

19. The preparation of the abridged houselists for each enumeration block should be com­ pleted, as explained above, by the 3Ist October, 1970, positively. This time limit should not be exceeded in any case as it will up!let the fllrther IJl'ogramme Q,f work. .

IeIeedoa of p...... a 20. Side by side with the above action, the task of selecting the field peroennel for carry_ ing out the enumeration work in 1971 has also to be tAken in hand; A perusaI'of the Calender of Operations will reveal that the list of enumerators and supervisors. has to be finalised by October end and their appointment letters issued in November. 1970. Hence action in this regard will also have to be initited atonce. 'When the number of Census enumeration blocks for both the urban and rural areas gets finalised as indicated in paras 9-12 above, the number of enumerators required in February, 1971, will be known. To this must be added 10% as reserve enumerators who will also be given full training and instructions so that they can take over the work of any enumerator at a moment's notice if such a contingency arises. The number __ ehupervisors will be the numbCl- of Patwaris so far as rural areas are concerned, and apprOlrimate IJ5th of the number of enumerator's in the urban areas.

21. You 'will no doubt have to draw primarily on the staff of the Revenue Deptt., F~rest Department, Tribal Welfare Department and of the Education Department upto the non-Colle­ giate level. Of course, you can draw 011 the staff of other State and Ce,ntral Government Depart-. ments. But care will have to be taken not to seJect the following categories of staff :-

(a) Executive ~taff of the Police, Judicial and Public Health Department. (b) Executive staft of essential Services like Electricity, \-\later Works, Railway, Road Transport, Post & Telegraph Office, etc. (c) Staff dealing with cash and account in all the offices/ institutions.

(d) Principals of High Schools/Higher Secondary Schools. (,) StaH which in your opinion would be necessary for smooth and efficient running of offices/institution~.

It will not be out of place to mention here that care will have to be exercised to draw judiciously on the ministerial staff of the offices in such a way that no office has to be closed. Enumeration will, however, be a part time job and hence such a contingency need not arise.

22' The place of work of the. enumerators and the supervisors should as far as p05Sible . be kept near the pt.ace where they reside or are emploved. Therefore. it would be better if the liit.·. of personnel is prepared charge-wise. . 177

23' In order to avoid duplication of eftort, it is suggested that a bound "Personnel-cum ACquittance Register" as in Anne&ure II may be prepared charge-wise immediately after tbe names of the Supervisors and the enumerators will are finalised. The last three COh,mlD& will obviously be filled after the individual count is over in February-March, 1971. 24. The receipt of this Circular may please be acknowledged.

Sd:- CA. K. PANDYA), Dir6ctur qf Cmsus OjJmltilms. Mad/fyfJ Pr_h, BIwfxJl.

Copy forwarded for information to :- 1. Chief Secretary to Government. Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal;

2. Sccret;lry to Government, Madhya Pradesh, Homcf&cvenue/Local Self Government (Urban)1 Local Self Government (R.ur~)/Forcst/Educ:atiOD/Tribal Welfare, Depart­ ment, Bhopal: 3. . Commissioners of Divisions, Madhya Pradesh.

Copy forwarded for information and Decessary action to ;- 1· All District Census Officers, Madhya Pradesh; 2. All Sub-Divisional Officers, Madhya Pradesh: 3. All Charge Officers, Madhya Pradesh: 4.. Deputy Directors of Census operations, Madhya Pradesh.

Sd:- CA. K. PANDYA), DirIIIItJr qf Cmsru O/JlrIJIitnu, MtId/ptJ Pr"", ~.

APPENDiX XX PageNo...... ANNEXURE-I CENSUS OF INDIA. 19'71 ABRIDGED HOUSELIST FOR EACH CENSUS. ENUMERATION BLOCK SECTION 1

PART A PARt B Eiiumeira:t1on Personnel

Unit Name I Code No. Category Name Desig- IAddress I I nation District .. .. I ! Supervisor •. J Tahsil .. .. I I Enumerator .. I viUagelTown .. .. J I ~amlet/Ward •. .. I I Census Enumeration Block .• I I SECTION 2

Population of Census Enumeration Block according to 1971 Census Total Male Female

SECTION 3

PART A Abstract Statement of Jurisdiction of C" E. B.

House Number Road/StreetILaneIVillage/Hamlet/Ward From To

PARTB

Line No. Census House Purpose of House Household No. Name of Head of Total Household (Col. 1 of No. Col. 3 of (usage) Col. 6 of if any. (Co]. 8 Household Col. 9 population (Col. H. L.) H.L. 11. L. of H. L.) ofH.L. 15 of H.L.J 1 2 3 " 5 6 l80

ANNEXURE-II PERSONNEL-CUM-ACQUITTANCE REGISTER Name of Charge ...... ,

Amount of Serial Name and address of Designation and Block Nos. Population Signature Honorarium with date No. Supervisor/Enumerator Department allotted covered inRs.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 APPENDIX XXI (Yule Chapter 14 Para 123)

R. K. PANDE, 3. The Deputy Collector selected as District Census DEPUTY SECRETAllY TO GoVERNMENT, Officer should be in position latest by November 1, 1969. Therefore, you should intimate your choice of the assistant MADHYA PRADESH. to the State Government, with a copy to the Superintendent of Census Operations, by September 30, 1969, so that it [D. o. No. 9017-246~1-(1i)] can be ensured that after tnis date the officer concerned is not tran,ferred out of the district at least UP to May, 1971. GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH 4· As duties in connection with the Census Operations GENERAL ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT would be fairly heavy" you will have to gradually take away other work from the Deputy Collector concerned. How­ Bhopal, Dated the 19th July, 1969 (A.D.) Ashadha, 1891 ever, as the Census Operations in the field will have to be (Saka). . mainly carried out through the revenue agency, it would be advantageous if the District Census Officer is also SUBjECT.-19'il c:nsus Operations-APfJointment of District made the officer-in-charge of the land Record, Section Census OfficI's. in the Collectorate. Alternatively, the Planning and Development Section can be entrusted to him. But this is a matter for you to decide. My dear, 5. The receipt of this letter may please be acknow­ The next decennial Census Operations in Madhya ledged. Pradesh would be held in two stages-the house1isting operation would be carried out in April.June, 1970, and Yours sincerely, Operation Man would be from February 10·28, 1971. You would be hearing soon from the Superintendent of -Shri. . . • ...... Sd/- Census Operations regarding the various preparatory CoUiCfor. (R. K. PANDE) steps that will have to be taken for carrying out successfully the various operations. No. 9018-2465-1-(ii). Dated, Bhopal, the Asbadha, 1891 2. APpointment of a suitable assistant as the District (Saba) 19t1i July 1969-{A.D.) Census Officer is the first pre-req uisi te that will have to be decided by you. In this connection, it is suggested Copy forWilrded for inform!l.tion to the Superintendent of . that . as far as possible a Deputy !Jollector who has had Census Operations. Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, with experience of 1961 Census OperatIons rnay- be appointed reference to his demi-olficial letter No. 895-RA, as the D~trict Census Officer. In case such a Deputy dated May 30,1969 atl.dressed to the Chief Secretary. Collector IS pres~ntl.>' not posted in your district, then the next best.alternatlVe would he to appointany oftbe prornot­ CoYl forwarded for information to AU Commissioners of ed Tahsddar who may be presently working as Deputy Divisions, Madhya Pradesh. .- Collc:ctor as the District Census Officer because every Tahsildar was actively associated in the 1961 Census Operations. It will also have to be ensured that the Sd/- Deputy Collector selected for appointment as District (R. K. PANDE) Census Officer is not going to Superannuate before April 1971, a?-d is physically fit to carry out the arduous duti~ Deputy Secretary to Government. of tourmg because he will have to organize the training Madhya Pradesh, programme at the Tahsil and Block levels. General Administration Department.

183

APPENDIX XXII

(Viii' Chapter XIV, Para 26) DISTRICT-WISE LIST OF C1U.RGES

District Number of regular Charges Number of special ChaEges -_ .. --_._------_. -_ .. _._- ~=----.. -- -_ ... --~.. I. Morena 7 2. Bhind 5 3. 'Gwalior 4 5 4. Datia 3 5. Shivpuri 6 3 6. Guna. a 7. Tikamgarh 3 3 B. Chhatarpur 1 3 9. Panna 5 10. Satna 11. Rewa 5 4 12. Shahdol 3 13. Sidhi U. Mandsaur 10 15. Ratiam 6 6 16. Ujjain 5 17. Jhabua. Dhar 6 1~. 6 19. Indore 2 6 20. Dewas 9 21. Kha.rgone. (West Nimar) 6 22. Kbandwa (East Nimar) 4 23. Shajapur 5 24. Rajgarh 6 2.';. Vidisha 10 2U. Sehore 7 27. Raisen 6 28. Hoshangabad 3 3 29. Bctul 3 7 3'). Sagar 2 3 31. Damoh 8 :l2. Jabalpur ... 2 :13. Narsimhapur 3 34. Mandia 4 35. Cbhindwara 3 36. Seoni 3 Balaghat 37. 9 38. surguja 8 BUaspur 2 39. 7 40. Raigarh 9 41. Durg I 10 42. Raipur 4 12 43. Bastar 2 ------State 246 33 ------GRAND TOTAL 246 +33-=279 ~U14

APPENDIX XXIII (Vide Chapter XIV, Para. l'?6) DISTRICTWISE NUMBER OF ENUMERATORS AND SuPERVISORS, ACTUAL AND RESERVE SEPARATELY

,..-____ActualJo.. ____ ...... Reserve District No. of No. of r----.A.----No. of No. of...... Enumerators Supervisors Enumerators Supervison

1 2 3 4 5

STATE 62.255 16,983 5,030 1.794 1. Morena 1,521 512 125 49 2. Bhind 1,258 423 113 160 3. Gwalior 1,339 341 ' 93 30 4. Datia 407 163 92 13 5. Shivpuri 985 432 111 40 6. Guna 1,148 415 175 30 7. Tikamgarh 846 312 25 19 S. Cbhatarpur 1.092 395 111 30 9. Panna 654 238 83 20 10. Satna 1.260 475 64 36 ll. Rewa 1,493 440 147 21 12. ShahdoJ 1,553 421 46 4 13. Sidhi 1,079 309 100 27 14. Mandsaur 1,501 475 94 40 15. Ratlam 953 274 142 22 16. Ujjain 1.345 451 139 12 17. Jhabua 1,024 243 24 20 18. Dhar 1,149 392 117 30 19. Indore 1.555 351 229 48 20. Dewas 905 266 183 24 21. Khargone (W. Nillla.r) 1.896 456 150 45 22. Khandwa (E. Nimar) 1,399 346 152 85 23. Shajapur 1,012 354 100 35 24. Rajgarh 96S al2 92 16 25. Vidisha 848 351 75 25 26. Sehore 1,762 486 193 256 27. Raisen 809 268 80 25 28. Hoshangabad 1,210 392 120 40 2P. Betul 1.128 295 118 29 an. Sagar 1.650 489 150 50 31. Damoh 935 247 97 24 32. Jabslpur 2,714 680 66 44 3

APPENDIX XXIV (Vide Chapter XV, Para 138) 1l~~ '!~ fit'"TIt ~ ¥C;~¥-¥~"C;~.~(~), 'l11trr~, ~ ~C; ~, t\"o. smr,

~n~ ill' ij'lffiI' ~, ~fCI' ij'tlT~ii arrl{Cfa', ~~ f~q'J11'rSli'eT, ~ ~~s:r;m', , '. ~~«.

Rff

ij'it~:~"N f.r'l'M' ifl'T mq;:r ~ ~oto·~t\"..n-Q;(~), f?:rri"ifi to., t~"o.

'QI'~~T~f'fim

zrR im f.r~~ ~~ ~~ fCfi'm 'fi~ 'fiT f1C!..,I;:q< 'fi~ arf.rcrr1:( ~T~ tit ~ 'fiFffi;rlr , Of'6lI'~lf

ar, ;r.1l'q, :aq:af".q-.

"filiiiii' ¥c;~ ~-Yt~ "-lfT~(~), ~, ~ ~c; 811mI' t ~"o.

srnmrN:-f.r~~, ::orPI'''R'TI1t~, ~~~ar. '!fIT.IRlI''JIi. ,C;\~, f.r.n;;~, artffir, t'''o iti m if~. .

a:r.... -':R, :aq:af".cr. 186

APPENDIX XXIV-ConM.

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APPENDIX XXVI (Vide Chapter XVI, Para 152) IN THE SUPEREME COURT OF INDIA (C. A. 401 of 1964) B. BASAVALINGAPPA .••..•..• ; ..•..•••.••.••• ; .••.•••• APPELLANT VERSUS D. MUNICHINNAPPA AND OTHERS .•...•.••••..... RESPONDENTS JUDGEMENT WANCHOO, J. This is an appeal by special leave against the judgement of the Mysore High Court in an election matter, An election was held to the Bangalore South (Scheduled Castes) constituency in February; 1962. Four persons stood for election including the appellant and Munichinnappa respondent No. I, who obtained the highest number of votes and was declared elected. The appellant then tiled an election petition challenging the election of respondent No. 1 on a number of grounds. In the present appeal we are concerned only with one ground, namely, that respondent No. 1 was not a member of any of the scheduled castes mentioned in the constitution (Scheduled caStes) order, 1950 (hereinafter referred to as the Order). Respondent No.1 claimed that he be­ longed to the scheduled caste listed as Bhovi in the Order. The appellant on the other hand con­ tended that respondent No.1 was a Voddar by caste and that Voddar was not a scheduled caste specified in the Order and consequently respondent No. 1 could not stand for election from a sche­ duled caste constituency. The Election Tribunal held that the caste mentioned as Bhovi in the Order was a sub-caste amongst the Voddars and that only this sub-caste was included in the Order and not the entire Voddar caste. The tribunal also held that respondent No.1 did not belong to the sub-caste of Bhovi and therefore was not eligible for standing as a candidate from the scheduled caste constituency. Consequently the election was set aside and re-election ordered by the tribunal. Respondent No. 1 went in appeal to the High Court and his contention was that he belonged to the scheduled caste Bhovi mentioned in the Order and was therefore entitled to stand for election from the scheduled caste constituency. The High Court held that Voddar caste as such was not included in the Order, but considering the facts and circumstances in existence at the time when the Order was passed in 1950, the Bhovi caste mentioned therein was not other than Voddar caste. It therefore allowed the appeal holding that respondent No.1 being a Voddar must be held to be a member of the Bhovi caste mentioned in the Order and dismissed the election petition. The High. Court having refused leave to appeal, the appellant got special leave from this Court, and that is how the matter has come up before us. . . The main contention on behalf of the appellant is that a person is only entitled to stand for election from a scheduled caste constituency if he is a member of a caste specified in the Order and that it is not open to anyone . to claim that though he is not a member of a caste specified in the . Order and is a member of some other caste, that other caste is included in the caste specified in the Order. It is submitted that wherever a caste has more than one name, the Order specified the other name in brackets and that even where a particular caste is spelt in more than one Way, the OIde r has inCluded in the same entry the Varioll~ spellings of the same caste. Therefore. as the caste 190

Bhovi specified in the Order does not mention the caste Voddar in brackets thereafter it was not open to the Tribunal to take evidence to the effect that Voddar caste is no other tha; the Bhovi caste. It is therefore urged that the High Court was wrong in looking into the evidence that was produced before the tribunal and then coming to the conclusion that the caste Bhovi mention­ ed in the Order was meant for the caste Voddar and that such evidence should not have been allowed by the tribunal. If such evidence had not been allowed the respondent who is a Voddar by caste could not stand for election for the Voddar caste is not mentioned in the Order at All. Article 341 of the Constitution which deals with scheduled castes is as follows;- "(1) The President may with respect to any State or Union territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the castes, races, or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to that State or Union Territory. as the case may be." "(2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Castes specified in a notification issued under clause (i) any caste, race or tribe or part of or group within any caste, race or tribe, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification."

Clause ti) provides that the President may with respect to any State, after consultation ~th the Governor thereof, by public notin.cation, specify the castes, races OT tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shan for the purposes of the Constitution be deemed to be sche­ duled castes in relation to that State. The object of this provision obviously is to a.void a.ll dis­ putes as to whether a particular caste is a scheduled caste Of not and only those castes can be sche­ duled castes which are notified in the Order made bV the President under Art. 341 after constilta~ tion with the Governor where it relates to such castes in a State. Clause (2) then provides that Parliainent may by law include in or exclude from the list of scheduled castes specified in a noti­ fication issued under d. (1) any caste, race or tribe or part of or group within any caste, race at tribe. The power was thus given to parliament to modify the notifi.cation made by the President under d. (1). Further d. (2) goes on to provide that a notiftcation issued under cl. (1) shall not be varied by any subsequent notification, thus making the notifi.cation by the President final for all times except for modification by law as provided by cl. (2). Clearly therefore Art. 341 provides for a notification and for its finality except when altered by Parlia.m.ent by law. The argument on behalf of the appellant is based on the provisions of Art. 341 and it is urged that a notiftcation once made is final and cannot even be revised by the President and can only be modified by inclusion or exc1~sion by law by Parliament. Therefore in view of this stringent provision of the constitu­ tion with respect of a notification issued nnder cl. (1) it is not open to anyone to inclnde any caste as coming within the notification on the basis of evidence-oral or documentary-if the caste in question does not find specific mention in the terms of the notification. It is therefore urged that the tribunal was wrong in allowing evidence to show that Voddar caste was the same as the Bhovi caste mentioned in the Order and that the High Court was in error when it held on the basis of such evidence that Voddar caste was the same as the Bhovi caste specified in the Order and therefore respondent No.1 was entitled to stand for election because he belonged to Voddar caste which· was the same as the Bhovi caste. It may be accepted that it is not open to make any modification in the Order by prodllcitlg evidence to show (for example) that though caste A alone is mentioned in the Order, caste B is also a part of c~te ~ and therefore m.ust be deemed to be included in Caste A. It may also be accepted 191

that wherever one caste has another name it has been -mentioned in brackets after it in the Order: [see Aray (Mala), Dakkal (Dekkalwar) etc.]. Therefore, generally speaking it would not be open to any person to lead evidence to establish that caste B (in the 'example quoted above) is part of caste A notified in the Order. Ordinarily therefore it w011ld not have been open in the present case to give evidence that the Voddar cac;te was the same as the Bhovi caste spl'cified in the Order for Voddar caste is not mentioned in brackets after the Bhovi ca!'\te in the Order. But that in our opinion does not conclude the matter in the peculiar circumstances of the present case. The difficulty in the present case arises form the fact (which was not disputed before the High Court) that in the Mysore State as it was before the re-organisation of 1956 there was no caste known as Bhovi at all. The Order refers to a scheduled caste known as Bhovi in the 'Mysore State as it was before 1956 and therefore it must be accepted that there was some caste which the President intended to include after consultation with the Rajpramukh in the Order, when -the Order mentions the Caste Bhovi as a scheduled caste. It cannot be accepted that the President included the caste Bhovi in the order though there was no such caste at all in the Mysore state'_as it existed before 1956. But when it is not disputed that there was no caste speci­ fically known as Bhovi in the Mysore State before 1956, the only course open to courts to find out which caste was meant by Bhovi is to take evidence in that behalf. If there was a caste known as Bhovi as such in the Mysore State as it existed before 1956, evidence could not be given to prove that any other caste was included in the Bhovi caste. But when the undisputed fact is that there was no caste specifically known as Bhovi in the Mysore State as it existed before 1950 and one finds a caste mentioned as Bhovi in the Order, aile has to determine which was the Caste which was meant by that word on its inclusion in the Order. It is this pec uliar circumstance therefore which necessitated the taking of evidence to determine which was the caste which was meant by the word "Bhovi" used in the Order, when no caste was specifically known as Bhovi in the Mysore State before the re-organisation of 1956. Let us then turn to the evidence which has been given in this case to prove that it was Voddar caste which was meant by the word "Bhovi" included in the Order. In this connection reliance has been placed on a communication made to the then government of Mysore as far back as 1944 on behalf of Voddar caste and the order of the then government of Mysore in February 1946. It seems that.a resolution was passed by the Voddar caste at a conference in July 1944 in which it was resolved that the name of that caste be changed from Voddar to Boyi. This resolution was processed in the Secretariat. Eventually an order was passed on February 2, 1946 in these terms:- "Government are pleased to direct that the community known as 'Voddar' be in future called 'Boyi' ill all Government communications and records". Since then it seems that in all government records the voddar caste has been known as Boyi, for it is not disputed that Voddar and Vodda are the same. It seems therefore reasonable to infer when the President made the Order in 1950 after consultation with the Rajpramukh of Mysore whom he was bound to consult under the Consitution betore passing the Order with respect to the State of Mysore that the caste Vodda was included in the Order as Bhovi because of the order of the then Government of Mysore of February 1946. We shall deal with the difference in spelling later but it does appear th3.t the caste Voddar was not mentioned as such in the Order because the name of that caste was changed in 1946 for all government purposes by the order of the then government of Mysore. Therefore if the Order had mentioned the caste as' Boyi' there would have been no difficulty in holding that it meant the Voddar caste in view of the order of the then Mysore government of February 1946 to the effect that the Voddars had given up their Original name and had changed it to Boyis from 1946. 192

It is however urged that the Order- does not mention the caste Boyi but the caste Bhovi and that wherever there ~s a difference in spelling ot the same caste, the Order has provided for that also; (se~, for example Bhambi, Bhambhi, shenva, Chenva; etc.). Therefore when the Order provided the inclusion of the caste Bhovi therein it could not r~fer to Voddar caste, for tlie change of name that was sanctioned by the then government of Mysore in 1946 was from Voddar to Boyi. Here again there is force in the contention that where the same caste was spelt differently, the different spelling have been provided in the order as illustrated already. But the same difficulty which faced us in considering the question whether Voddar caste was meant by the caste Bhovi included in the Order arises when we consider the difference in spellings, for it is not in dispute that there was no caste known as Bhovi in the Mysore State as it existed in 1950 when the Order was passed. As the president could not have'inc1uded in the Order a non-existent caste, it means the word 'Bhovi' relates to some caste in Mysore as it was before 1956 and we have therefore to establish the identity of that caste and that can only be done by evidence. In that connection the High Court has held that eversince the Order of 1946, the Voddar caste has been variously spelt as Boyi, Bovi and Bhovi in English, though the Kanada equivalent is one and the Same. The High Court therefore has not attached any importance to the change in the Engilsh spelling in the peculiar circumstances of this case. In this connection attention may be drawn to the notification ot the then Government of Mysore dated February 2; 1946 where Voddar caste is spelt in three ways in the same notfication; at one place it is spelt as Voddara at another place as Voddar and at two places as Vodda. It seems, therfore, that we cannot attach undue importance to the spelling in English in this case when we know that there was no specific caste known as Bhovi in Mysore State as it Was before 1956 and we have to determine which was the caste which was meant by the use of that term in the Order. In this connection we may also draw attention to another copy of the same notification which was issued by another depart~ent of the Government. In that copy Voddara has been spelt as Vaddara and Boyis as Bovis. It seems to us, ther~fore, that the High Court was right in the peculiar circumstances of the present case is not attaching any importance _to difference in spelling in English, and to treat Bhovis as the same as Boyis. We do not think it necessary to refer to the various census reports, which have been referred to by the Tribunal and the High Court for they only show how the same caste has been differently spelt. In the cirumstances, therefore, we agree with the High Court that Respondent No.1 though Voddar by caste belongs to the Scheduled caste of Bhovi mentioned in the Order. We may again repeat that we have referred to the evidence in this case only because there was undoubtedly no caste known as Bhovi in the Mysore state as it· was before 1956 and we had to find out therefore, which caste was meant by the word "Bhovi" as used in the Order. But for this fact it would not have been open to any party to give evidence to the effect that ({or example) caste A mentioned in the Order includes or was the same as c Iste B where caste A does exist in the area to which the Order applies.

In this view of the matter, the appeal fails and is hereby dismissed with costs.

Sd/- P. B. Gajendragadkar C. J. Sd/~ K. N. Wanchoo .l. Sd/- M. Hidayatullah J. Sd/- &,ghubar Dayal J. Sd!- J. R. Mudholkar J. September 23, 1964. 193

APPENDtx ~xvtI (Vide Chapter XVI Para 156) STATEMENT GIVING THE DATE AND TIME AT WliICH 'tHE CONSOLIDATED PROVISIONAL FIGURES FOR EACH STATE AND uNION TERRITORY REAcHED nm OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR-GENERAL, INDrA

State/Union Territory and Other Area Date and time of receipt of consolidated Provi- sional figures

STATES 1. Andhra Pradesh 4-4-71 8.05 PM 2. Ja~IIlu and Kashmir 4-4-71 10.45 PM 3. Punjab •• 5-4-71 2.20 PM 4. Madhya Pradesh .. 6-4-71 6.00 PM 5. Bihar .. 6-4-71 6.55 PM 6. M~ .• 6-4-71 7.0J p.\{ 7. Tamil Na.du 6-4-71 8.00 PM 8. Rajasthan 6-4-71 10.32 PM 9. Haryana 7-4-71 5.00 PM 10. Uttar Pradesh 7-4-71 6.00 PM 11. KeraIa 7-4-71 7.00 PM 12. Orissa .. 7-4-71 7.00 PM 13. Himachal Pradesh •. 7-4-71 7.05 PM 14. Gujarat 7-4-71 11.00 PM 15. Maharashtra 7-4-71 11.05 PM 16. Assam .• 8-4-71 11.00 AM 17. West Bengal 8-4-71 11.30 AM 18. Nagaland 8-4-71 6.45 PM UNION TERRITORIES AND OTHER AREAS 1. North East Frontier Agency 2-4-71 10.45 AM 2. Pondicherry 8-4-71 11_.00 AM 3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli 6-4-71 1.30 PM 4. Goa, Daman and Diu 6-4-71 1.30 PM 5. Meghalaya 6-4-71 1.40 PM 6. Delhi .. 6-4-71 6.30 PM 7. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 7-4·71 8.35 AM 8. Chandigarh 7-4·71 1.15 PM 9. Laccadive, Minicoy and AIIlindivi Islands •• 8-4-71 5.00 PM 10. Manipur 8-4·71 5.00 PM 11. Tripura 8-4·71 6.00 PM: 194-

APPENDIX XXVIIt (Vide Chapter XVI, Para 156) RECEIPT OF PROVISIONAL FIGURES FROM DISTRICTS

Da.te and time of Provisional Actual Percen tage District receipt of provisional population population -varia tiOD population figures

1 2 3 4 5

1. Morena .. 5-4-71 at 1600 984,461 935,338 +0.09 2. Bhind ., 5-4-71 at 1040 792,093 793,955 +0.24 3. Gwalior ., 5-4-71 at 230S 858,001 858,OOS' +N_"eg. 4. Datia .. 5-4-71 at 0620 255,319 255,267 -0.92 5. Shivpuri 5-4-71 at 1220 676,338 676,567 +0.03 6. Guna 5-4-71 at 1420 783,541 783,748 +0.03 7. Tikamgarh 5-4-71 at 1140 568,877 568,885 +0.001 8. Chhatarpur 5-4-71 at 2040 712,296 712,385 +0.01 " 9. Panna 5-4-71 at 0945 428,121 429,077 +0.22 10. Satna .. 5-4-71 at 0815 911,825 913,531 +0.19 11. Rewa ., 4-4-71 at 2025 977,330 977,894 +0.06 12. Shahdol 5-4-71 at 1330 1,029,144 1,029,839 +0.07 13. Sidhi 4-4-71 at 2155 777,340 776,786 -0.07 14. Mandsaur 5-4-71 at 1000 961,526 961,522 ~Neg. 15. Ratlam •. 5-4-71 at 1710 625,118 626,534 +0.23 16. Ujjain .. 5-4-71 at 1630 862,777 862,516 -0:03 17. Jhabua .. 5-4-71 at 1200 667,944 667,811 -0.02 18. Dhar 5-4-71 at 1930 841,495 842,400 +9.10 19. Indore •. 5-4-71 at 1550 1,036,332 1,025,150 -1.'09 20. Dewas •• 5-4-71 at 1440 593,798 594,336 +0.09 21. Khargone (West Nimar) 5-4-71 at 2035 1,283,170 1,284,812 ' +0.13 22. Khandwa. (East Nimar) 5-4-71 at 1600 879,813 879,331 -0.05 23. Sbajapur 5-4-71 at 16S5 677,578 678,359 +0.12 24. Rajgarh •• 5-4-71 at 1045 645,855 644.346 -0.23 25. Vidisba •. 5-4-71 at 1120 656,011 658.427 +0.37 26. Sehore .. 5-4-71 at 2240 1,085,119 1,084,933 -0.02 27. Raisen •. 5-4-71 at 1620 552,680 553.026 +0.06 28. Hoshangabad 4-4-71 at 0030 805,457 805,870 +0.05 29. :Betul 4-4-71 at 1203 736,482 736,196 -0.04 30. Sagar .. 5-4-71 at 0035 1,062,127 1,062,291 +0.02 31. Damoh .. 3-4-71 at 2230 573,201 573,263 +0.01 32. Jabalpur 5-4-71 at 1930 1,686.165 1,686,030 -D.Ol 33. Narsimhapur 5-4-71 at 1230 519.565 519,270 -0.06 34. Mandla .. .6-4-71 at 153() 874,762 873,577 -().a 35. Chhindwara 6-4-71 at 0415 990,341 989,413 -0.09 36. Seoni 6-4-71 at 1810 670,901 668,352 +0.38 37. Bala.ghat 5-4-71 at 1445 980.161 977,583 -0.27 38. Surguja •• 6-4-71 at 1300 1.321,346 1,326,439 +0.38 39. Bilaspur 5-4-71 at 1620 2,441,212 2,440,962 -0.01 40. Raigarh 5-4-71 at 1830 1,277,954 1,278,705 +0.06 41. Durg 4-4-71 at 1840 2,461.525 2,461,901 +0.02 42. RaipUt .. 6-4-71 at 2130 2,611.183 2.613.531 +0.09 43. Bastar " 5-4-71 at 2355 1,514,400 1,515,956 +0.10 'APPENDIX XXIX (Vide Chapter XVI PlLra 158)

IJl4ia/St ato Provisional Final %Vanq,tlon !'oplilatlon, Population, 1971 1971

1 2 3

INDIA .• ., 547,367,926 51-1.., !U·I,go~ +0'1 0 6 1. AndMa Pradesh 43,394,951 43,S02,708 +0.248 2, ASS\1m .. 14,952,108 14,957,542 +0.036 3. Bihar ," 56,332,246 56,353,369 +0.037 4. Gujarat 26,687,186 26,697,475 +0.039 5. Haryana 9,971,165 10,036,808 +0.658 Himachal Pradesh .. 6. 3,424,332 l~J.f3J.f + '·05J.f 7. Jammu an~ Kashmir 4,615,176 4,616,632 +0.032 8. Kerala " . 21,280.397 21.347,375 +0.315 9. Madhya Pradesh 41,650,684 41,654,119 +0.008 10. Maharasthra 50,335,492 50,412,235 +0.152 11. Manipur 1,069,555 1,072,753 +0.299, 12. Meghalaya 983,336 1,011,699 +2.884 13. Mysore " 29,263.334 29,299,014 +0.122 14. Nagaland 515,561 516,449 +0.172 15. Orissa .. 21,934,827 ' 21,944,615 +0.045 16. Punjab .• 13,472,972 13,551,060 +0.580 17. Rajasthan 25,724,142 25,765,806 +0.162 18. TanUl Nadu 41,103,125 41,199,168 +0.234 19. Tripura 1,556,822 1,556,342 -0.031 ,20. U~Pradesh 88,364,779 88,341,144 -0.027 21; West Bengal 44,440,095 44,312,011 -0.288 UNION TERRITORIES 22. Andaman & Nicobar Islands 115,090 115,133 - +0.031 23, Arunachal Pradesh 444,744 bI.I,7s" -+ 5·" 9 24. Cbandigarh 256,979 257,251 +0.106 25. Dadara and Nagar Haveli 74,165 74,110 +0.001 26. Delhi 4,044,338 4,065,698 +0.528 27. Goa, Daman and Diu 857,180 857,771 +0.069 28. Laccadiv, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands 31.798 31.810 +0.038 29. Pondicherry 471,347 471,707 +0.076 195

APPENDIX XXX-A (Vide Chapter XVII, Para. 164) GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH HOME DEPARTMENT No. 520, II~A(3), Bhopal, dated the 27th January, 1970-7th Magha, 1891. Notification In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of Section 4 of the Census Act, 1948 (XXXVII of 19(8), and tn supersessi.on of all previou~ notifications issued in this behalf, the State Government hereby appoints the authorities specified in Col. 2 of the Schedule below as Cen~us Officers within the local areas specified in column 3 thereof:- SCHEDULR

~erlal Officers Local Areas No -11------~2~------~3------.

Dirl'.ctor of Census Operations and e~-omch Slloer- The wh'lle !ltate. ;nt"."dp.nt of Censl1'~ Operations. M<\dhya Pradesh. 2 An Collectors of the Districts Within the limits of their respective jurilliietions !'t All District Census Officers do. 4 All Sub-Divisional Officers do. 5 All TahsiIdars .. Within the limits of their respective jurisdictions except in respect of towns with Il10re than '23',()OO population. 6 Administrators/Commissioners of al! Municipal Cor­ Within the limits of respective ntunicipal Cor­ porations. porations. 7 Administrators/Chief Municipal Officers of till! I. Morena, 2. Bhind, 3. Dati!!., 4. . l:Jliivpitri, 'Municipality listedjn Col. a· 5. Guna, 6. Satna, 7. Rewa, 8. Neemach, 9. Mandsaur, lG. laor?, 11. Ratlam, 12. Dhar, 13. Dewas, 14. Khargone, 15. Khandwa. 16. Buthanpur, 17. Vtdisna. -'18. Sehore, 19. Itarsi, 20. Sa~r, 21. :S;na~Rtawa, 22. Damoh, 23. Murwara. 24. Chhiftdwara, 25. Seoni,26. Bilaspur, 27. Raigarh, 23. Durg 29. Rajnandgaon, 30. Dhamtari. 8 ExeenU.e Officer of each of the Cantonments listed 1. Mhow, 2. Jabalpur, 3. Sagar, 4. Morar, in Col. 3. S. Pachmarhi. 9 Estate Officer, National, News Print and Paper Mills Within the limits of Nepanagar area of East Nfmar Ltd., Nepanagar. district. to Town Administrator, Heavy Electricals Ltd., Within the liniits of area under R.E.L. iil.~ ~~ Bhopal. district. 11 Town Administrator and Assistant Estate Manager, Within the limits of area under Bhilainagar in Bhilai Steel Plant, Bhilai Nagar. Durg district. 12 General ManlLger, Ordnance Factory, Khamaria .• Within the limits of area under Khamaria Facto ry Town-Ship in Jabalpur district. ItSJ3 Divisional Engineer (e), Sarni Thermal Power Station Within the limits of area \\nder Sarni Thermal I ~ Unit. Power Station in :Betul district. 14 Shri R. D. Arya, Assistant Personnel Officer, Rail­ Within the limits of BiJaspur Railway Colony. way Electrification, Bilaspur, South Eastern Rail- way. _~ _l w!t_.___ . __ « _~= U. £ XC,,5 2&!!GJ g _0. lad.S @ 49S 191

,Appendix xi.X-A-conciti. ~1~------2n------~-~~--~~~-=--~~·~3------15 Shri K. K. Sen Gupta, Sllperintendent, Ores, Mines Within the limits of Dalli-Rajhara Mining Colony and Quarries, Bhilai. in Durg district. 16 Chief Commanda.nt, Ministry of Reh3.bilitation, Within the lilllits of Mana and Kurud Refugee Mana (RaipUt). camps in. Raipur district. 17 Chief Engineer, Cement Factory Mandhar (RaiplU') Within the limits of Mandhar Cement Factory in Raipur district. 1~ Eng\~eer in Charge Wagon Workshop and Railway Within the limits 01 Wagon Workshop and Railway cOlony, Raipur. Colony in :R.aipur district. 19 Genel'liI Manager, Security Paper Mill, Hoshanga- Within the Limits of area uoder Security Papt>l' bad. - Mm. Township in Hoshangabad district,

By order and in the n~e of the Governor of Madhya Pradesh,

Sd/- 111egible Secretary to Gove. of Madllya Pradesh, Home Department.

No. 5~l, 1I-A(3) , Shopal, dated the 27th ]anaury, 1970-7th Magha, 1891. Copy forwarded for information and necessary action to:- 1. All Departments of Government; 2. All Heads of Departments; 3. All Coll1issioners of Divisions; 4. All Collectors and District Census Officers of Districts; 5. the Director of Census Operations (ex-officio Superintendent of Census Operations) Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal (with 600 spare copies); e. AU Officers specified at serials 4 to 19 in the above s~hedul.e; 7. The Registrar, High Court of Judicature, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur.

Sdj-l11egible Secretary. to GO'IJt. of Madhya P,ads&h" Home DIj4rtmen~, Bhl)pal ApPENtnx kx:Xtt-i! (Vide Chapter XVII, Para 164) GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH HOME DEPARTMENT No.S2:-II-A(3), Bhopal, dated the 27th January 1970-7th Magha, 1891. Notification ln exercise of the powers conferred by sub-Section (3) of Section 4 of the Census Act, 1948 (XXXVII of 1945) , and in supersession of all previous notifications issued in this behalf, the state Government hereby authorises the authorities specified in Column (2) of the Scpedule below to sign declarations regarding the appoinment of Census Officers within the local areas specifted in Cloumn (3) of the Schedule. SCHEDULE

Serial Authorities Local Areas No. 2 3 1 Director of Census Operations and ex-officio Superin. The Whole State. tendent of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. 2 Deputy Directors of Census Operations Within their respective jurisdictions. 3 All Collectors . . do. 4 AU District Census Officers do.

By order and in the name of the Governor of Madhya Pradesh,

M/- lllegible Secrelary to Govt. of M arlhya Pradesh, Home Department.

No. 523·tr·A(a), Bhopal, dated the 27th january, 1910-7th ~agha, 1891. Copy :forwarded for information and necessary action to:- 1, All Departments of Government: '~ A 1 Heads of Departments; 2. All Commissioners of DiVisions; 4. All Collectors and District Census Officers ol Districts; .5. The Director of Census Operations (ex·Officio Superintendent of Census Operations). Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal (with 500 spare copies); 6. All Deputy Directors of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. 7. The Registrar, High Court of Judicature, Madbya Pradesh, Jabalpur. Sdj-lllegible SecretarJ to Govt. oj Madhya Pradesh, Hom, De-partment. Bhopal. ApPENDIX XXX-C (vUle Chapter XVIf, Para 164) GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH HOME DEPARTMENT No. 524-II-A(3), Bhopal, dated the 27th January 1970, 7th Magha, 1891. In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (4) of Section 4 of the Census Act, 1948 (XXXVII of 1948), and in supersession of all previous notifications "issued in this behalf, the State' Government hereby delegates the power of appointing Census Officers conferred upon it by Sub-section (2) of the said section to the authorities specified in Col. 2 of the Schedule below within the areas indicated in Col. 3 thereof:- SCHEDULE

Serial Officers Local Areas No. 1 2 3 1 Director of Census Operations and ex-officio Superin- The whole State. tendent of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. 2 AU Collectors of the Districts Within the limits of their respective jUrisdictions. 3 AU District Census Ofiicers do. " AU Sub-Divisional Officers do. S AU Tahsildars Within the limits of their respective jUrisdictiOD9 eJIIcept in respect of towns with uwre than 25,000 population.

6 Administrators/Commissioners of all Municipal Cor­ Within the limits of respective Municipal Corpo­ porations. rations. 'J Administrators/Chief Municipal Officers of the Muni­ 1. Morena, 2. Bhind, 3. Datia, 4. Shivpurl cipality listed in Col. 3. 5. Guna, 6. Satna, 7. Rewa, 8. Neemuch 9. Mandsaur, 10. Jaora, 11. Ratlam,12. Dbar 13. Dewas, 14. Kha.rgone, 15. Khandwa. 16 Burhanpur, 17. Vidisha, 18. Sehore, 19. ltarsi, 20. Sagar, 21. Bina-Etawa, 22. Damoh, 23. Murwara, 24. Chhindwara, 25. Seoni, 26. Bilas­ pur, 27. Raigarh, 28. Durg, 29. Rajnandgaon 30. Dhamtari.

tI ~1eeut!W Odicer ot each of thd cantonment~ listed I. Mhow, '2. Jabalpur, 3. Sagar, 4. Morar, in Col. 3. 5. Pachmarhi. I) Estate Oflicer, National News Print and Paper Mills Within the limits of Nepanagar area of East Ltd., Nepanagat. Nimar district. 10 Town AdDlinistrator, Heavy Electricals Ltd.. Within the limits of area under H. E. L. in Bhopal. Sehore district. 11 Town Administrator and Assistant Estate Manager. Within the limits of area under Bhilainagar in Bhilai steel Plant, Bhilai Nagar. Durg district. 12 General Manager. Ordnance Factory. Khamaria .• Within the limits of area. under Khamaria Factory Township in J abalpur district.

13 Div.isional Engineer (0). Sarni ~ Power Within the limits of area under Sarani Thermal Station Unit. Power Station in Betul District. Appendix XXX-C-concltl. 1 2 3 ------~------. 14 Shri R. D. Arya , Assistant Personnel Officer, Rail- Within the limits of Bilaspur Railway Colony. way Electrification, South Eastern Railway, Bilas- pur. 15 Shri K.K. Sen Gupta, Superintendent, Ores, Mines Within the limits of Dalli Rajhara Mining Colony and Quarries, Bhilai. in Durg district. 16 Chief Commandant, Minifltry of Rl-llabilitation, Mana Within the limits of Mana and Kurud Refugee (Rajpur). Camps in Raipur district. 17 Chief Engineer. Cement FlI.ctory, Mandhar. (Raipur) Within the limitS of l\'landhar Cement Factory' in Raipur district. 18 Engineer in Charge WlLgon Workshop and Railway Within the limits of Wagon' Workshop and Railway Colony. Raipur. Colony in Raipur district. 19· General Manager. Security Paper. Mills, Hoshanga- Within the limis of area under Security Paper Mill bad. . TOwilship in Hoshangabad district.

By order and in the name of the Governor' of Madhya Pr3.desh,

Sd/-lllegible , Se&retary Co Gave. oIM""'~,Pra4e$h" ·IfQme De/J4f!tm4ttI, BhoPal.; .

No. 525-11':A(3) , Bhopal, dated the 27th Ja~uary; 191~7th Magha. 189t··

Copy forwarded for, information and necessary action to~-

1.' All' Depiirtm(lnts of GovePllnent ; 2. All Heads of l>epart1l1ents; 8., All Commissioners of Divisionsi 4~.· All Coll~tors and Distrjct Census OfficerS of Districts: 6. The Director of Census Operations (ex-Officio Superintendent of Census Operations). [email protected] Pr~desh, Bhopal (with 500 spare copies); , 6. All Officers specified at serials 4 to 19 in the above Schedule; 7. The Registrar, Hish. Court of Judicature, Madhya. Pradesh, Jabalput.

Sd/-tI1egibl~ SlCt.ta.ry llJ, Gnu'. of M fJd/tryIl, hades/•• 110m,·· D_epflf"_'•. lJhop.!.. ·, '201

.' ·APPENDIX' XXX~D (Vid, -Chapter 'XVII, Para 164) ; T~rt!{~' ~«, ~t'fi ~ O1

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ApPENi>IX! xxxi IMMEDIATE (Vida Chapter XVII, para 164) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MIN[STRY OF HOME AFFAIRS New Delhi, the 3rd July, 1969- 12 Asadha, 1891. Notification ?O..... In pursuance ot section 3 of the Census Act, 1948 (37 of 1948), the Central Covernment is pleased to declare that a census of the population of India shall be taken during the year 1971. The reference date for the census will be the sunrise on 1st March 1971.

[2S/101/69~Pub. t] Sd/- (K. R. PRABHU) Joit,t Secrelary to the Got.t. of India. No. F.28/101/69/Pttb.1 New Delhi-I, 3rd July, 1969-12 Asadha, 1891.

Copy forwarded for information to all State Governments/Union Territories.

Sd/- (L. D. HINDI) Under Secretary to the Gov~. of India No. F. 28jl0l/69-Pub.I New Delhi-I, 3 July, 1969 12 Asadha, 1891 Copy forwarded for information to the Registrar General of India, New Delhi.

Sal- (t.. D. HINDtJ Uder Secretary to the Govt. 01 Indifl, 1~ copies of Public I Section; , ()'fice of the Re~i8trar General, India No. 9/30/69-CTU New Delhi-ll, 9th July. 1969. A copy of M. H. A. N )_ii."ic<;.jJ No. F. 23.'1 ni69· P~b. I dated, the Srd July 1009. is endorsed to ail Superintendents of Census Operations for information.

Sal- (K. K. CHAKRAVORTY) Cenlral Tab ..lalion OffiCd. 204

MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS (Office of the Registrar General, India) New Delhi, the 14th January, 1971.

S.O. 371-In pursuance of Section 3 of the Census Act, 1948 (37 of 1948), the Central Govern­ ment hereby makes the following amendment to the Notification of the Government of India in the ,Ministry of Home Affairs No. 5.0. 2709, dated the 3rd July. 1969 namely:- -

"In the said Notification, fOl the expression "1st March 1971" the expression "1st April 1971"" shall be substituted." " [No. 9/30/69-CTU]

Sd/-(A. CHANDRA SEKHAR) Registrar General. India' 0- Ex-O jficio. Joint Su"e~"y.

No. ~/30/6~-CTtJ (mN). New Delhi-l1, dated the 1 March, 1911.

Copy forwarded for information to :- (i) All" State Governments(Union Territories (ii) All Directors of Census Operations [the above amendment has been published in the Gazette of India, Part lI-Sectidt1 3 Suh ... Section (ii), dated January 23, 1911 1

Sd/- (K. D. BAttAt). Deputy Registrar General. India 0- Ex-Officio, Deputy S8Cf'ettwy 10 Governme,,' qJ I UN. APPENDIX XXXII; (Vide Chapter XVIII, Para 161) ;p;:lrSr~~ m~ ~1iIM' (-~NPIl) f"~TIf mlfif ~¥I$¥C;-'r~c;~-m~·~',~, tI'~ ~~ ~. t", srfu', 'Ii~, ;j'Sq-sr«.

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If'h"lTsr~~ wr~'f '!~ (~",f;:q') fcr~ Tll 'J(i;rT!fl Y. V. t;-~-t.t ( ~) "I)qy\"f. f~~ ~ ~ "fi'fCR), t,IS ~. srf~fi:r, frr~'QT'Ii, ;rsmw ~iN!1I'rrr. oq)qy~ CfiT ~olIlT ati~G. APPENDIX XXXIII

( Vide' Chapter XIX. Para 170)

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APPENDIX XXXIV Eli (Vidl Chapter XIX Para 170) D.!H! KNOW THE CENSUS-I Main Activity While replying questions regarding main activity, please inform how you engage yourself .110Stly. It has no relation with income. For the first time Census is attempting to assess the extent of unemployment. Those who are capable of doing work and are seeking work should give their main activity as 'non-worker'. Remem~er-The information given during Census is confidential. , Please give correct replies to the Census enumerator when he visits you between 10th and 31st March 1971. Census-For correct diagnosis of our problems.

~1IAf 'lit GlTAq-!

, ".1'0 IJfmcnerqj ~« Sl1i'I' ci \3'fl"t ~ ii''flIf lI'~ ifa'~ fEfi arrr arlJ''l'T arfucti ~ flfi« ~ i Cl«fIiI ~ t. ~«srqi'\' Cf.r' an~ ~ ~ ;r@' ~. ~«;sr;yqur;rr ~ srrrit ifI~ ~)~lJTU ..n ~r EfiT ~ ~r;sr m EfiT Sl"lfflr f~ iiIT ~r~. \ill iiJ);r Efi(1i ~;f q1 f\fq «~ ~. iIilT Efi(1i ..n ~.q ~, ~ ~ arqoft ~ ;rfufcrf!T "farm Efil1{" ~. zrr~ "{i:--~iiqlJfi'l'r "', «sf! i>l"J"i'Airo lJ)q;fi~ ~. ard": to lifif ~ ~ t lff'l ~ \3'il1; f.r:m:q a=. ~raff ~ «@ f.r~'l' ~ fflq-;sr

(Block) KNOW THE CENSUS-II Married Women-Age & Children To every currently married woman, the enumerator will be asking the following two adli­ tional questions during the Census:- 1. Age at the time of marriage.- Please give your age in completed years at the time of marriage while answering this question. 2. Birth during the Last one year.- Please say 'yes' if any live birth has taken place after the 'Holi' festival of 1970. Even if, unfortunately, the child died soon after birth, the answer will be 'yes'. But the ans­ wer will be in the negative in cases of still births. Remember-The information given during Census is confidential. Please give correct answers to the Census enumerator when he visits you between 10th and 31st March 1971. CenBfl8-For correct diagnosis of our problems. 230

Qt.,iiG,." ..1fi) ~-~ f1fCfT~ ffal1.f1-lTl'! CI'IT ~,,;a''A ;;r;:murrrr ~ ~ ~~ Jf~ ~ ~ ~ 'lW \if1'iit. lIt\Ust1if.-~c% ~ q. ~qsn;:r ~ 'O~'{ ~ q'~ orr,! iffiTf\ili'fcfif~ ~ ij+flf'l~~ l' q(l \Jtn: f'f:~ it. '

"mit ~ q~ f.f~A' ~ fui:t-~~.

(Block) KNOW THE CEN,SUS-III Educational Level

Please inform the highest exa.mination that you have already passed in reply to qlleg. trons on this subject.

If you held a degree or a technical diploma, you will be supplied with a card in the first round. Please do fill it and return it to the enu;:oerator wllen he comes for the revisional round between the 1st to 3rd Apri1~ 1971. Remembe1'-The information given during Census is confi.deIiti~. Ple~e give correct ans-wers to the Census enumerator when he visits you between the 10th and 31st March, 197L Census-For correct diagnosis of our problems.

~;n ~y iil1Rq-~ UIRfOrIl\ 'ffl

atoTqur;yr ~ ij1fq iSl'Of arr:m mtfUR; ffi'{ -~ iI"R ~ ~ ijf~ aT ;rtr ~ lff ~ofl iRri, G(t anti' q'r« I1i( ,~~.

lff~ aJ'f1I' f6iI ar~ z.~ ~~tl~· al arC%1 ~~ ie Ii ~ tt'ti 'tili ~- \iITlI'qr., ~ oiji! ~ «'ftf air ~ arcw.r ~i!T if.

lIN w:-\ij"~ ctfI mil ijf(~ tr)tr;:ftlf~. at'a-: ~ 0 'fr;:f« ~ ~ 'IT~ ifi' arr'Of W 'EI', arrijcrri II'qurtti crft u(t ~ff"{ f.r:~)=q' i. «'1+41311 ~ ~ fiJiWl' ofi' ftrt:t~, (Block) KNOW THE CEN'SUS~lV

Mother ton~ue and other L'lnguag,elJ

- Mother~tongue, for the purp)se oE Census, is the language used by your mother for co::nmufJi· eating with you in your chillhooJ. Other langUage is the language which you can speak and understand well. If you know more than two such languages, please give only two ill order of proficiency. Mother tongue shOuld not be - included in other languag~s. Remember-The information given during Census is confidential. . Please give correct answers to the Census enumerator when he visits you between _10th and 31st March 1971. Censu~For correct diagnosis of our problems.

lfiAvpn "" ~-y "TEl""" "'" 31;q" 'If"" ;:;r;;qur;;r ~ ~q ~r ~ ml'fT ifiT 'fJTITI'fT iRf~, ;;iT ~ if an~ ~OT arrqit ~ ~ Imt sPitq q\iRf! ~. aFq moil' 'CIt mEir ~, f~ arl'Q' iIT~ aiR ~ m if. arfw ~ ajfQili ~

tllifZi,afi ~ ~@ f.:I'qr;r -~ R;r1:1;--\jf;:pJ1lRf,

(Block) KNOW THE CENSUS-IV Relationship to Head

Please say Son or daughter of the brother instead of nephew or niece while describing the relationship with the head of family. Similarly. say father's brother in place of uncle or mother's brother in place of maternal uncle. Your accurate answer will save the time of the enumerator and will also give correct idea about the extent of joint family system. Remelfwe1'-Information given during Census is confidential. Please give correct answers to the Census enumerator when he visits you between 10th and 31st March, 1971. C8lfSU$-For correct diagnosis of our problems. 232

~;n ,,) ~--t\ qf~T~ III tf~qT.. ~ "qier . ~"'l(lJfi'I'r oF ~1fq ~i[ arrcm qf~R ~ ~ ~r l!fum ~ ~ ~wr iif~ ijT "¥Rftiil'T lIT 'RfIaft" if ~ilIi~ m( ~r \'i~T afJ:fCIT \;~!fl1

~~ '\i,l":--~"I'tfGfil'r em ~iI ;;rf'lClirt\ mq'rfl~~. arff: ~ 0 ~ ~ H 11fii oF ifI'9' ar~ '!if'( Ol~ !Iffl'lrifi Cfi1 ~t\ :a'~ f.r:m:q i. ijijt1:nafl if «@ fi'Nl';:f i ~-i1f;:rl(Uf;:rr.

(Bloc;k) KNOW THE CENSUS-VI Age Your 'Age' for Census purposes is the number of years completed on your previous birthday. Remember-Information given during Census is confidential. . Please give correct answers to the Census enumerator when he visits you between 10th and 31st March, 1971. . Census-For correct diagnosis ot our problems.

iiI'''I'If''frrr if f~o: aHI! rm lfCffi'5f ~--fi:rfffl ~i'1f-R'" CI1fi ~ f!fi~ ~ ar~ ~ eN. ~~ '\i:- ..

APPENDIX XXXV (Vide Chapter XX, Para 180) STATEMENT SHOWING THE ;DISTRIBUTION OF HONORARIUM TO THE . ENUMERATORS/SUPERVISORS FOR HOUSELISTING WORK

State/District No. of No. of Amount of No. of Amount of Total Census Enumera- Honorarium SupeI'Vi- Honorarium amount Houses tors to the Enu" sors to t~e Super.. merators VISOr!!

------~------2 3 4 5 6 7 ------ks. Rs. Rs. STATE .. 9,649,595 17,783 964,959.50 1,704 191,991.87 1,157,951.37 1. Morena. 219,425 532 21,942.50 7S 4,3SS.S0 26,331.10 2. Bhlnd 170,122 428 17,012.20 25 3,402.40 20,414.60 3. Gwalior 196,614 380 19.661.40 28 3,932.20 23,593.60 4. Datia 63,128 163 6,312.80 9 1,262.50 7,575.30 5. Shivpuri 207,700 414 20,770.00 24 4,154.10 24,924.10 6. Guna 185,993 420 18.599.30 51 3.719.90 22.319.20 7. Tikamgarh 169,722 311 16,972.20 25 3,394.40 20,366.60 8. Chhatarpur 206,991 389 20,699.10 27 4,139.80 24,838.90 9. Panna 110,842 237 11,084.20 14 2.216.80 13,301'00 10. Satna 201,444 478 20.144.40 36 4,028.90 24,173.30 11. Rewa 186,426 428 18,642.60 31 3,728.60 22,371.20 12. Shahdol 230,670 423 23,067.00 28 4.613.40 27.680.40 13. Sidhi 145,730 311 14,573.00 22 2.914.60 17,487.60 14. Mandsaur 260.087 484 26,008.70 42 5,201.70 31,210.40 15. Rat1am 145.948 296 14.594.80 32 2.918.90 17,513.70 16. Ujja:ln 216,776 446 21.677.60 36 4,335.50 26.013.10 17; Jhabua 133,287 263 13,328.70 18 2,665.70 15,994,40 - 18. Dhar 181,878 425 18,187.80 25 3,637.36 21,825.16 19. Indore 237,448 374 23.744.80 109 4.749.00 28,493.80 ·20. Dewas 148,026 258 14,802.60 20 2,960.50 17,763.10 21. Khargone (W. Nimar) 251,602 767 25,160.20 125 5,032.05 30,192.25 22. Khandwa (E. Nimar) 212,287 414 21.228.70 33 4,245.80 _25,474.50 23; Sha.japllf 166,257 357 16,625.70 20 3,325.10 19.950.80 24; Rajgarh 143.605 299 14,360.50 22 2.872.10 17,232.60 25: Vidisha 156,371 346 15,637.10 29 3,127.50 18.764.60 26. Sehore 264,533 488 26,453.30 77 5,290.66 31,743.96 . 27. Raisen 122,783 255 12,278.30 28 2,455.70 14,734.00 28. Hoshangabad 176,819 565 17.681.90 44 3,536.45 21,218.35 29. Betul 158,758 328 15,875.80 31 3.175.10 19,050.90 30. Sagar 262,265 465 26,226.50 39 5,245.30 31,471.80 31. Damoh 157.619 245 15,761.90 18 3.152.40 18,914.30 32. Jabalpur 405,285 672 40.528.50 82 8.106.03 48.634.53 _ 33~ Narsimha.pur 110,840 299 11.084.00 23 2,216.80 13,300.80 34. Mandla 243,141 393 24,314.10 32 4.862.80 29,176.90 35. Chhindwara 260,482 559 26,048.20 37 5,209.60 31,257.80 36. Seoni 166,201 93 16,620.10 26 3,324.00 19.944.10 37. Bala.ghat 203,574 254 20,357.40 36 4.071.50 24.428.90 .. 38. Surguja 275,530 384 27,553.00 37 5.510.50 33,Oal.5D . 39.. B~laspur 541.594 632 54,159.40 51 10,831.92 64,991.32 40•.. Raigarb 258,259 362 25,825.90 29 5,165.10 30,9ill.OO 41. Durg 572,914 894 57,291.40 86 11,458.20 68,749.6D 42 .. Raipur 622,438 817 62,243.80 61 12.448.70 74.692.50 43. BastaI' 298,181 435 29,818.10 60 5,963.70 33,7d1.80 -_ .. 234

APPENDIX XXXVI (Vide Chapter XX, Para 183) DISTRIBUTION OF HONORARIUM TO THE VARIOUS CENSUS FUNCTIONARIES FOR ACTUAL COUNTING WORK

StatefDistrict No. of Amount of No. of Amount of No. of Am'lunt of Tob.1 Enumera- Honorarium Supervi- Honorarium other func- Honorarium am'lunt of tors sors tionaries Honorarium ------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ------~ Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. STATE 62,255 1,556,375.00 16,992, 424,800.00 2,302 162,115.00 2,14],21)1).00 l. Morena 1,521 38,025.00 512 12,800.00 58 4,475.(}~ 55,300'"00 2. Bhind 1,258 31,450.00 423 10,575.00 3'1 2,710.0) 44,735.00. 3. GwaIior 1,374 34,350.00 345 8,625.00 29 2,845.00 45,820.00 4. Datia. 407 10,175.00 163 4,075.00 24 1,772.50 16,022.;0. 5. Shivpuri 985 24,625.00 432 10,800.00 45 4,017.50 39,442.5') 6. Guna 1,148 28,700.00 415 10.375.00 52 4,037.50 43.112;50 7. Tikamgarh 846 21,150.00 312 7,800.00 36 2,875.00 31,825.00 8. Chhatarpur 1,092 27,300.00 395 9,875.00 38 2,502,50 39,677.50 9. Panna 654 16,350.00 238 5,950.00 23 1,937.50 24,237;50 10. Satna 1,260 31,500.00 475 11,875.00 29 2,785.00 4~,160.00 11' Rewa 1,493 37,325.00 440 11,000.00 65 4,320.00 52,645.00. 12. Shahdol 1,553 38,825.00 421 10,525.00 43 3,4J'!.50 52,752.50 13. Sidhi 1,072 26,800.00 309 7,725.00 48 3,480.00 38;005.00 37,625,00 14. Maridsaur 1,505 475 11,875.00 29 2,340.0) 51,840.00 951 23,775.00 277 15. Ratlarn 6,925.00 41 2,395.00 33,095.00 33,625.00 16, Ujiain 1,345 451 11,275.00 56 3,817.50 49,717.50 17. Jhabua 1,024 25,600.00 243 6,075.00 30 2,550.00 34,225.00 18' Dhar 1,149 28,725.00 392 9,800.00 58 3,527.50 42,052.50 19. Indore 1,543 38,575.00 350 8,750.00 98 5,587.50 52.912.50 20. Dewas 905 22,625.00 266 6,650.00 40 4,280.00 33,555.00 21. Khargone (West Nimar). 1,897 47,425.00 456 11,400.00 75 5,435.00 64,260.00 22. Khandwa (East Nimar). 1,399 34,975.00 346 8,650.00 60 4,150.00 47,.775.0~ 23. Shajapur 1,012 25,300.00 354 8,850.00 17 1,485.00 35,635.00 24. Rajgarh 965 24,125.00 312 7,800.00 35 2,812.50 34,737.50 848 21,200.00 351 8,775.00 44 2,405.00 32,380.00 25~ Vidisha 26. Sehore ],767 44,175.00 489 ]2,225.00 53 4,260.00 6~,66~.00 27' Raisen 809 20,225.00 268 6,700.00 48 2, 145.0() 29,070.00 28. Roshangabad 1,2]0 30,250.00 392 9,800.0() 86 5,025.0() 45,075.00 29~ Betul 1,128 28,200.00 295 7,375.00 49 3,035.00 38,610.00 30. Sagar ],650 41,250.00 489 12,225.00 86 5.470.00 5S,945~00 31. Damoh 935 23,375.00 247 6,175.00 47 3,595.00 . 33,145.00 32. Jabalpur 2,714 67,850.00 680 17,000.00 128 7,477.50 92,327.50 33. Narsimhapur 681 ]7,025.00 244 6,100.00 39 2,455.00 25,58().00 34. Mandla 1,286 32,150.00 363 9,075.00 4 750.00 41,975.00 1,634 40,850.00 378 9,450.00 65 4,752.50 55,052.50 35. Chhindwara . . 36. Seoni 992 24,800:00 292 7,300.00 35 2,3j].5J 3t457.5i) 37. Balaghat 1,563 39,075.00 248 6,200.00 38 2,937.50 48,212.50 38. Surguja 1,927 48,175.00 400 lO,O()O.OO 66 4,302.50 62,477.50 39: Bilaspur 3,847 96,175.00 618 15,450.00 133 9,()50.00 120,675:00 40. Raigarh 1,684 42,100.00 354 8,850.00 38 3,975.00 54,925.00 41. Durg 3,641 91,025.00 880 22,000.00 130 8,640.00 121,665.00 42' Raipur 3,599 89,975.00 782 19,550.00 71 4.175.00 113,70J.0i) 43. Bastar 1,982 49,550.00 420 10,500.00 70 5,767.50 65,817.5:> ~35

ApPtNbtx XXXVIt (Vitle,Chapter XX, Para 187) $"rATEMENT SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF CENSUS MEDALS TO THE VARIOUS CENSUS FUNCTIONARIES

Silver Bronze State/District ~------~~-7----~------~------~ Enu- Sup- Charge D.C. Colle- Otb- Enu- Sup- Charge D.C. Colle- Oth- mera- ervi- OBi- O. ctor ers mera- er- OBi- O. ctor ers tor sor cer tor visor cer ------_.. _ - 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

~-.--.---. STATE 109 '/7 39 11 11 63 615 79 M 15 5 93 1. Morena 5 2 I 15 2 2 2. Bhind· 4 1 12 1 3. Gwalior 4 2 3 12 2 1 1 2 4. Datia 2 1 1 6 1 1 5. Shivpuri 3 1 9 1 1 6. Guna 4 1 11 1 3 7. Tikamgarh 3 8 8. Chhatarpur 4 2 11 1 9. Panna 2 6 2 I 10. 5atna .. 4 2 1 1 12 2 1 11. Rewa 5 Z 1 14 2 1 12. 5hahdol 5 2 1 14 2 2 13. Sidhi 4 1 1 1 11 1 1 14. Mandsaur 5 2 15 2 1 1 15. Ratlam 3 1 ·9 1 1 16. Ujjain 5 2 14 2 2 17. Jhabua 4 1 11 18. Dhar 4 2 11 2 19. Indore 5 2 1 15 2 1 1 20. Dewas 3 1 2 2 9 1 1 21. Khargone (W. Nimar) 6 2 1 17 2 1 I 2 22. Khandwa (E. Nimar) 5 2 3 14 2 1 23. Sbajapur 1 1 4 3 1 24. Rajgarh 3 1 1 9 1 1 ~. Vidisha 3 8 1 .. 26. Sehore 6 2 1 3 17 2 2 1 5 27. Raisen 3 1 2 8 1 28. Hoshangabad 4 2 2 12 2 1 29. Betul 4 2 3 11 2 1 3v. Sagar 5 2 2 15 2 2 1 ... 1 31. IJamc.h 3 1 2 1 9 1 t 32. ]abaJpur 8 2 1 2 24 2 .. 1 83. ~arsimhapur 2 1 6 1 1 1 J 84. Mandla 5 2 1 14 2 1 1 1 85. Chhindwara .• 5 2 1 15 2 .. 8 86. Seoni 3 1 .. 2 9 1 Appendix-XXXvlI - Cone t-l. , ...... ,":'" . ',,-. .. -",--: .. ,.. -. , .. ';:"" irl ., _,,;,a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 37. Balagbat 5 2 I 15 2 38. Surguja 7 2 1 21 2 2 39. Bilaspur 13 5 39 5 2 2 40. Raigarh 6 2 3 1 18 2 1 2 41. Durg 13 5 3 1 1 39 5 3 42. Raipur 13 5 1 39 4 1 43. Bastar 9 3 2 2 27 3 5 Regional Office, GwaJior 3 6 do. Rewa 3 7 do. Indore 5 9 do. Bhopal 3 6 do. ,labalpur 5 9 do. Bilaspur .. 3 6 ~ ~~ 4 7 ------_._-,_-_._------.. ----_... _--.. __ .. __ .. _...,------._----- 237

APPENDIX XXXVIII (Vide Chapter XXI Para 201) STJ\TEltUNT SHOWING EXPENDITU!t'6 UNDER CENSUS GRANT FROM 19f9·€O TO ]! fl·62 AND FROM 1969-70 TO 1911972

Expenditure during ,-___ .)... ___ -...... ,..- ___..}... ___""'""'\ ,-____ .A.. ___ ~ ~ Ftead 'of account'· 1959-60 1960-61 1961-62 1969-70 1910-11 1971.12

2 3 4 I; 6 7

A-SUPERINTENDENCE A-I. Establishment Charges:

Pay of Officers 11,387 33,13~ 22,941 4MB~ -42,995 4Q,B20 Pay of Establishment 10,176 35,694 50.385 70.057 62.27~ 1,0'1.6'16 Dearness AlIQwance 10,436 9.592 6.671 54.60~ 52.011 17,010 Other Allowances 3,053 ],869 24.700 13.33S r20,4sn Total ~Establishment Charges 37,999 81,478 81,812 1,93,843 1,70,624 2,54,956 A-2. Interim Relief 10,493 18,72'Z A-3. Travelling Allowances 22,710 13,479 11.635 13,955 19,116 A-4. Other Charges 33,194 65,460 24,869 49.714 1,33,309 99,227 A-5. Grant-in-aid 144 Total A-Superintendence ., 7l.193 -1,69,648 '1,~O,219 ~,55,336 3/H,331) 3,9l,621

B-ENUMERATlON B-l. Establishment Charges : Pay of Establishment 72.934 35,629 51,980 3,97,R60 1,IB,4t2 Dearness Allowance 59,392 } 41,533 3,13,691 91,59 , 24,720 Other Allowances 191 654 9,597 5.41(\ Total-Establishment Charges 1,32,517 60,349 :94,167 7,21,1H 2,l1,U1 B-2. Interim Relief 25 -9.6'JQ B-3. Travelling Allowances 2,941 155 37.58' 21,'H9 :8-4. Honorarium to Enumerators 6.19.974 . 5,55.140 12.00.947 21,36.645 B.s. Other Charges 862 56 51.119 . 49.733 Gmnt-in-aid Total B-Enumeration 7.56,300 6.15,489 '94,977 20.10,823 2U~,8n

C-ABSTRACTION &; COMPILATION C-l, Establishment Charges : Pay of Officers 7.198 33.625 10.153 57.943 73,611 Pav of Establishment 4.088 15.55.084 21.215 1.77.315 34,81.5H Dearness Allowance 1.363 (25,330 17.221 1.51.427 3.55.483 Other Allowances 83 10.059 6.234 25.093 61,751 Total Establishmen t Charges 12.732 16.24.098 55.423- 4.12.78' 3:l,8S,353 C-2. Interim Relief 32.528 Sf}.9H C-3. Travelling Allowances 5,948 16.763 6.923 2iJ,1l9 t,ll.9n C-4. Other Charges 22.965 1.27.997 597 1.22.301 2,96.375 Total C-Abstraction &; Compilation 41.645 17.69.863 62.848 5.93,732 41.81.70)

P-PRINTING &; STATIONERY 92.040 45.448 56.231 1.95.305 41.373 1.19.636 ------Total-Noll-Plan : 1.63.233 10,13.039 25.60.801 6.08.466 29.77.308 74,26,829 ~~~~~-~~---~--~-1-~~-'----~--~ .238 Appendix--XXXVIII~Concld.

1 2 8 .4 S 6 7

L-REGISTRATION, PROMOTION, METHOD RESEARCH AND POPULATION STUDIES

L-l. Establishment Charges ~ Pay of Officers Pay of Establishment -1,833 20,125 41,421 Dearness Allowance 1,457 18,617 31,505 Other Allowances 12,19'1 16,955 22,523 1otal-EstabUshment Charges 15,481 50,697 95.449 L-2. Interim Relief 2,750 7;378 1.-3. Travelling Allowance 550 3.880 19,483 L-4. Other Charges L-S. Kbaira Project L-6.. Training -. Total L-Registration, Promotion, etc. .. 16,031 57,327 1,22,310 TOTAL PLAN 16,031 57,327 1,22,310 239

APPENDIX XXXIX (V.rls Chapter XXIII Para 212)

Villages selected Vf11ages in wbich ViIlages for which Villages for which Villages selec­ for study Bchedules canvassed l1\onographs published monograph is under ted for print re-study 2 3 4 .5

1. Dikhatpura (Morena) 1. Dikhatpura 1. Dikhatpura by 1. Alllwar by 1. Naharkheda K. S. Bhatnagar. G.N. Tiwari 2. Jaitpuri 2. Biewari (Bhind) 2. Richhari 2. Richhari by Ie. S. 3. Rosa Bhatnagar. 3. Sakatpura (Gwalior) 3. Gadher 3. Gadher by K. S. Bhatnagar. 4. Richhari (Datia) 4. Naharkheda 4. Naharkheda by K. D. Ballal. II. RodawaQQ. (Shivpuri) 5. Kulhari 5. Kulhari by P. K. Dixit. fl. Gadher (G)lJ)I!-) 6. Pipalgota 6. Pipalgota by P. K. Dixit. 7. J.-IW.M Rbqr

1 2 3 5

38. Kera (Balaghat) 39. Manja (Surguja) 40. IndrapurZ(Surguja) 41. Rewaparl(BiIaspur) 1 42. Tilaibbat (Bilaspur) 43. Shahpur (Raigarh) 44. Gambharia (Raigarh) 45. Kosa. (Durg) 46. Bendri (Raipur) 47. KuteJa (Raipur) 48. Tikanpal (Bastar) 49. Takraguda (Bastar) APPENDiX. xi.

(Vide Chapter III, para 23)

INSTRUCTIONS TO ENUMERATORS FOR FILLING UP THE HOUSELIST AND ESTABLISHMENT SCHEDULE

INSTRUCTIONS-PART I

HOUSELIST General:

Census is a national undertaking of great importance, indispensable to intelligent and effi­ cient public administration apart from the other multifarious ways it serves the scholar, the busi­ nessman, industrialist, the country's planners, the electoral authorities, etc. Census has become a regular feature in every progressive country, whatever be its size and political set-up and they are conducted at regular intervals to fulfil well-defined objectives.

2. The job entrusted to you, vif., the house-numbering and houselisting is an essential preli­ minary step to the population census. Apart from mere listing of houses, you will be collecting some essential data on housing, as also separately on manufacturing, trading and service establishments which will be useful to the country's planners. You have, therefore, an important role to play. The quality and quantity of your contribution depends on how well you apply yourself to this task, understand the instructions thoroughly and carry out your responsibilities with the care that it demands.

3. You will be required to prepare lay-out sketches showing the location of houses within the area allotted to you and number all the houses, residential or otherwise and list them and fill up some essential particulars in the schedules given to you. The house-numbering sketches pre­ pared by you ltiay form the basis for a permanent system of house-numbering that may be intro­ duced and maintained by the local bodies concerned in future. House-numbering and preparation of notional maps: . 4. Rural areas: The :!irst operation will be allotment of distinguishing numbers to each building, house and household. S. Before the actual affixing 01 house numbers on doors an essential step to be taken is to prepate a rough notional map of the entire village and decide on whether the village should be stib~divided into blocks and if so, how? Normally a small village of less than 125 houses need not be sbb·divided into blocks. But if a village has one or more hamlets, irrespective of the size, . it is desirable to divide the area of the village into blocks so that each hamlet with the adjoining area is recognised as a separate house~nutnbering block of the village. It is important that the dividing lines between oile block and another shoUld be clearly demarcated. Such dividing lines, b€sides following sOine natural boundaries, wherever possible, shoud also be indicated by the Survey number that fallon either side of the dividing line in cadastrally surveyed villages. In villages which are not cadastrally surveyed, the l.irJ.e can be inditated by the name of the owners of the fields on either side of the line or b)' the naine of the :field, if any. A notional map showing the general topographical details of a Whole revenue village particularly if a survey map is already available with the village tevenue officials, will greatly help. this notional map should indicate the prominent features and land marks such as the village site, roads, cart tracks, hills, rivers, Hallahs, etc. Clear demarcation lines of blocks are important so that any to define at the foot of the map the boundaries of a parti­ tular block are covered by a speciDc block without giving scope for any doubt. It may be v.eNrable to dePue a~ the toot at ~he map the boundaries of each block clearly. 6. Having thus prepared the viliage map, each block of the village_ as demarcated on the village map should be taken up for a detailed sketching of the lay-out. In this detailed sketch the emphasis is mainly on the lay-out of the houses on the village site. The sketch should show all the roads, streets and cart tracks .. The names of the streets, if any, should be shown on these sketches. AU topographical details, important features and public buildings should be prominently shown. Then every single building or house should be located On this sketch. I t will be a f advantage if the Pucca and Kachha houses are shown by some conventional signs like a square D for a Pucca house and a tringle Jj. for a Kachha house, further depicting them as residential or non-residential as follow!=e a Pucca residential house; for Pucta non-residential house shade the square. D. Kachha residential house; for Kachha non-residential house shade the tringle. I t is difficult to evolve a comprehensive definition of the terms 'Pucca' and 'Kachha' houses to cover different patterns of structures all over the country. The categorisation of the houses as Pucca or Kachha for the purpose of depicting them on the lay-out sketches is purely to facilitate identification. Also, as Kachha houses are not likely to be long-lasting, anyone referring to the lay­ .outsketches a few years later can easily distinguish settlement areas which are likely to have under­ gone a change_ For the purpose of the preparation of lay-out sketches, aPucca house may be treat­ ed as one which has its walls and ~oof made of the following materials:

Wall material: Burnt ~ricks, stone (duly packed with lime or cement), cement concrete or timber, etc.

Roof Material: Tiles, GCI'" sheets, asbestos cement sheets, RBC*, RCC* an~ timber, etc. Houses. the walls and/or roof of which are made of materials other than those mentioned above such as unburnt bricks, bamboo, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, etc., or loosely packed stone, burnt bricks. etc., may be treated as Kachha houses. 7. When once the location of every building/hou3e is fixed on the plan, it will be a simple matter to decide on a convenient method of numbering the building~!houses in one series following certain principles. No h:ud and fast rule can b~ laid as to th~ dire:tion in w'3ich the house numbers should run, i.e., left to.right orin a clockwise order or north-east to south~west and so on. 'Much depends on the lay~out._ So long as some convenie~t and intelligible order is followed it should be all right. The numbers allotted to each house sh.ould be marked on the sketch and with the help of arrow marks at convenient interva,ls, the direction in which the house numbers ron should be indicated. This is particularly important when streets cut across· one another and the house­ numbering series along a street get interrJlpted. It .will be. of ad:vanu.ge if t}1e ,nwnbers are roughly marked in pencil on this sketch and later verified with the actual· state of things on ground to see if·the order of numbering·indicated on tl,le sltetch would be convenient or if any slight changes are needed, for, after all the sketch is only a rough one and the act~aLstate of buildings on ground m~y suggest a more intelligible order of numbering at some· places. . 8. Where villages are not cadastrally surveyed and the village boundaries not fixed by survey -it is-essential that the,limits of each village are detine.d by sOlDe permanent features so that it m.ay be-known-that any home fallingm any.su~hareas J;Ilay be reckoned: along. with a particular village. 9. In the forest areas, all habitations are not on settled pattern. There are forest villages which may be just like other revenue villages or lIIa.~zas. For s.uch villages procedure for .. preparing normal lay-out plan sketches may be followed. But .apart from such villages, there would be clustels of· habitations spread out in the forest. !twill be facilitating, if for the purpose of netting such CluS­ ters a lay-out plan is prepared of the Forest area c~mprising the lowest administrative unit(such as, beat of a Forest Guard in some States}. Then the clUsters should be drawn on the lay·out sk¢tch. Name of the cluster should also be written, if there :be one. If ~here be no name, then it would be necessary to i.dentify it with reference to any .known permanent feature such as a hill stream.

·NQte.-G~ I-Ga.lvanb:ed Corruga.ted Iron. R BC=Re~i0rced Brick Conl)~ete and RC C:=Reinior~ed CeJl1.ent Conf;rete. '243

a range of bills, road and so on. After ~r~ing the l?oundaries ot s~ch' cluste;s on the lay-out; the Jocation.of each of the houses should be Indicated on It and number assigned to each house. Habita­ . tions (clustersJ falling. within the area of the smallest forest administrative unit should be taken as one village {or the purpose of house-numbering and house listing.

Since it i!! likely that some of the tribal habitations may change their locations now and then, it is necessary to define the location of a habitation area with reference to any known permanent fea­ ture as indicated above in regard to the clusters in Forest areas.

10. Ul'ban Al'eas: The preparation of notional maps and the house-numbering sketches in urban areas should essentially follow the same procedure as in the rural areas excepting that in most urban units the draughtsman of the Municipal Administration might have already prepared town maps perhaps even to scale and these may come extremely useful. It has been found from ex­ perience that the boundaries of towns are often times loosely defined and not properly demarcated giving rise to several doubts regarding the areas lying on the out-skirts of towns. It is important that the map should very clearly indicate the boundaries by means of definite survey numbers and also other permanent features. Sometimes one side of a road falls within the town limits and the other side excluded as it may be outside the defined boundary of the town. A1l these should be carefully verified on ground before the maps are certified to be correct by the supervising authori­ ties. Cases of sub-urban growth adjoining the limits of a town and such cases as one side of a street falling outside the limits of a town should be brought to the notice of the superior officers who will have to ensure that such built up areas are properly accounted for within the administrative units in which they fall. 11. But what is essential is that very detailed plans showing the location of every building and census 110use along every road and street in each ward, locality or mokalla of a town should ~e clearly prepared. In view of the very large number and close location of houses in urban areas 1t may be necessary to have a, large nwnber of sketches each covering a limited area. Each town would probably have already been divided into some permanent mohallas or localities or wuds. A large map of the entire town indicating the boundaries of each of the sub-units into which the town has been divided should be prepared. On this map, the main roads and other topographical details and important public buildings, etc., may be shown for clear identification of the boundaries of each mohallallocalityfward, etc. Next, a skeleton map of each 10calityJward or block should be prepared in which all the roads and streets should be clearly indicated and their names also written. Then each building and house should be located on this skeleton map. May be that even a locality) - ward may be too large an area to indicate all houses on a single map. In such a case a ward map showing the segments and separate lay-out map for each one of the segments may be prepared and on these segments the buildings and houses should be clearly located and the house-numbers sho~. It may be an advantage if the non-residential houses are distinguished from the residential houses as indicated in para 6 of these instructions. Here again the important permanent buildings may be indicated such as say, town-hall, large office building, court building, post office, hospital, school, church, market building, etc.

12. As stated earlier most towns may already be having a satisfactory house-numbering sys­ tem. This need not be disturbed and may be adopted for the purpose of preparation of the house­ numbering maps referred to above. The house-numbering C'ln be brought up-to-date with the help of these lay-out maps. If there be no proper system of house-number;ng in the town, then you will have to assign numbers to the houses in the lay-out sketch(es) of your jurisdiction in the manner indicated hereafter.

Numberln~ of Bui1din~s and Census Houses in rural as well as urban areas : 13. You have to give numbers to "Buildings" and "Census houses" in all areas. The ins­ tructions below will guide you to determine what a building and a census house are for the purpose ' of houselisting. The building is a readily distinguishable structure or group of structures wbich is taken as the unit for house-numbering. The entire building may be deemed one census house or sometimes parts of it as will be explained. The objective is to ;ultimately number and list out all , physical units of constructions which are used for different purposes, res de 1 tial or otherwise. _ .14,. . BuiJding: A "buUcling" is gener,~y, a.sind'e st~ute·b\lhometimes.rna.de'up,01:ml)re-tbali., one cotnporient u,nit. which ~e .used Ol:.1ik~ly to, bit ~·as

15. Sometimes a series of different.buildi.Jl~ ma.y befound,al_ong,a,stteet.which·an~ jwnettwith one· another by·common walls on eitber side lookinglik.e a. continuoQS structure. Th~·diffet_eDt units are pr~Ctically independent of

1(;. If: there are more than one struc,ture within an en.closea. Gl: open compound (p:remis.~) belonging to the same person e. K. the main house, tne servant's quarters, the.g!IXage"etc .• onlY' one building number should be given for this group and each of the cOilstituent sepaxate stroctures­ assigned a.sub.number like 1(1), 1(2), 1 (3) and so on pr.ovided tOOs~·structures satis{w the_ definition. of a 'Census House~ given her.eafte:r. , 17. The buildings shQuld be numbered as follows: (11 If the locality consists of a number of streets in a village, the buildings in the various·· streets in a Village, should be numbered continuously; Streets should be taken in 'QUi.form order from NOrth,east to South~west. It has been obse\'Ved that:the b.est_ way-' of numbering the buildings is to continue with one consecutive serial on one side of the street and complete the numbering on that side before crossing over to the end of. the· other side of the street and continuing- with the serial, stopping· finally opposite to where the ftrst number began. (#) In a town/city, enumeration block, the numbering will have to respect the axi$ of the street and not any preconceived geographical direction like North-east, etc.

(iii) Arabic numerals e.g. (1, 2, 3 ...... ) should be used for building nw:np~rs. (iv), A building under construction, the roof of which has been completed should be given a number in the serial. (\I) It a. new building, either Put;Oa or Kac].ha·is found. after the· house-numbering' has been completed or inAhe midst of buildings. already numbered, it should be given a new nlUllber which may bear a sub-numb.er of the adjacent building, number B.g. 1011.. ... Ntn£ : These should not. be numbered as 10(1) oJ.: 10(2), etc., as such numbering would apply to census houses within the same building. On the other hand, 1011 WQuld,. mean a·sepax;ate building that has come, up after b.uilding: No. 10. 18. Census House: A "Census house" is building or part of a building hlVing a seplfate main entrance from the road or common court-yard or stair-case. etc.. used or recogpised as a .. sepaI:ate unit. It may b~ inhabited' or vacant.. It may be used~ for a. residential or non~residentiaL ptU])Ose' or both.

19.. Ii a, building has a number of fults or. blo(lks which are inrlependent of 0 Ie a.notw'having separate entra.nces oj their own, from;the road OIl a common stair-case or'a com non court-yard lead­ ing to a main gate, they will be considered as separate census houses. If within a large enclosed area there are separate buildings. then each such building will be one or m)fe :;eparate census houses. If aU the structures within an enclos.ed compound are together. treated as O;le buiidihg·then each: structure with a separate entrance should be treated as a separate cens.l~ hOllse. 20. Each, census house should be numbered. If a building by itself is a single census. hOilse; then the number of the census house is the same as the building number. But if differen.t p!Ut$' or: constituent' units of a' buildihg qualify to be_ treated as separate.. census houses. each censUS'.- house." should;be given' a sub-number within' brackets to. the,buildinrl number, as .10/'1~, 1Q (2)' etc; or 11(;1)', 11(2); U{3)~ etc. ~. '_,:1. ,." (AI . 21 •. 'Fbe-'oniedn.-whiGh;census hoU&e~~!8:".~gcate"to>;h<~t

- 22. Tl\e-defillition of' census, house may - ~etl_\etimes be- difli'4iult of' applieaiiion. in its -literal sepse- in the conterl of varying_' patterns -of s-tmmtur-es' a.mi . their" usage; For. exam- ple', in cities and townS,6Tre: ooes come: across a'. sitnation' wI\~ 'i;- flat· inl i the, occupation of one hoosehbld as re!iidenee maY'be'maGe up-of four roomsor' so'a~d aU the

23: It is usual to find in mtlnicipal towns{cities that every site whether built upon OT not iii numbered by the municipalauthorities-on'property,basis. Such o1'8n' sites even if they are enclosed by a compound wall should not be listed for census purposes. Only where· a' stltucture with, foUf_ walls and a roof. has_ COmB up, skeuld it he treated as a census house andr listed" But iasome,areas the very nature-of,cpnstruction of'hQus,esois-such,that;for e*ample. a.. conical ,roof. almost t{)uches , the ground and an entrance is also provided, and there may not be any wall as such. Structures shoultl' of coul'Se be treated; as· buibMngs and':1\ouses- and' numbored andllis'bJd.

24. H-()usehoJd : A household is, a.g,toup- of 'persons who commDnly liv.e together. and.. would· take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exig,ncies; oi·work prev,ented. any ofihem from doing so. There may be 'one-member household~ two-member household or muJti-member hQUSE'hord'. For census purposes each one- of these types is regard:ed 'as a "Hc;useholli". Again, . there may be a household of persons reillted by bloodor-household=of unrelated-persons; the latter are Boarding Houses, Hostels, Residential Hostels, Orphanages, Rescue Homes, Ashrams; etu: These ~ called "1nstitutional Households:'.

Each household will be listed according to the instructions that follow (See paras 44 and 45) and, a distinguishing, nunitrer' an~tted te- eadi' household~ A'S each; household will be related to -the physical' structure· of a census housei the- household' number as- s-uch need: not' be painted on the:­ dl}or ofieach'census b'ouse'. OnlY the building~a'ft'dlcen'Sus'house nunroer--wiIrbe painted.

UOUSELISTING

25. After the preparation of the notional house-numbering maps and the numbering of the houses, the next step is to list them in the prescribed form (Houselist). .

26. At the 1971 Census, a houselist schedule and an etablishment schedule will be canvassed on universal basis. Specimen forms of the· schedules to be so canvassed are- given at the end of this book. . -'

The following iustmctions will guide you in filling the hou$cljs,t, ,.-. -~. On the 'top of the houselist form, provision is made 10 note the name of District 'With_ Code No., name of Taltik.1l'ehsil/Tharia!Arichal!Istand/Code No.;name of Village/Town/Code No., -name_.ar. No. of ward, MonaUa, Enumerator's Block Code No. The entries here are to be filled in by you very carefully. The wcation C04E! i~ the metJ:tad by Whicll ever,yyillag~ or t_own!P anY -tehsil' -or :p?lice st~tion in every ered the buildings and assigned them the number on the lay-out sketch and malk('d them on the building itself. - 31.. The number whiqh has been assigned in the lay-out sketch in any of the three m:Lles described above and marked or put on the building should be written in this column. . 32. If the building has a well-known name then the name of the_ building should also be recorded in this colwnn in addition to the number of the building.

The purpose of this column is to readily identify every building by the num~)er found on it and by local name if a~y the building may bear. . _. t3~. The attributes of a census house have been described earlier and in accordance with thQSe instructions you ~ould. have allotted census house number to a building or to a part of a building.·.. . 34. If there is only oae census house in the building, then the numb:::r of the census house will be the same as the building number, which will be repeated in this column.

35. If there be m~re than one census house in a building (as mentioned in paras 19 and 20), e.g. in building No.IO, there are three census houses-then against the.first census house, you will record "10(1)". for the second "10(2)" and for the third "10(3)" in this column. Golumn_2, Building number, will be entered in the first line only against which census house No.lO(l) would have been mentioned in Co1.3. Column 2 will reIDain blank against census house No.10(2) and 10(3)~ NOTE: You should not in(~icate them as 1011 or 1012, etc., as that would be followed in the allotment of a number to a new building not previously numbered that has come up after building No. 10. . .

Columns .4~5: Predominant construction material of census house. '36~ 'In ~ese coluinns you ~ill-have to note the materials of wall and roof. . ·Co1. 1 : Line Number. ------··Col. 2 : Building No. (Municipal or local au~hority or Census No.). teol.: 3 : Census House Number. . 247

·37. Under this column, the material ou~ of which the major portion of the walls of the house 'are made, as for example, grass, leaves, reeds, bamboo, unburnt bricks, mud, burnt bricks, stone, ,cement concrete, timber, etc., should be written. Where a house consists of separate structures .each having walls made out of different materials, the material out of which the walls of the main "portion of the house mostly used for living or sleeping are made, are to be recorded . ••38. The material out of which most of the outer roofs, exposed to the weather and not the . · cdling is made i.e. tiles, thatch, corrugated iron, zinc or asbestos cement sheets or concrete, slate, 'tiles, etc., should be written. In the case of a multi-storeyed building the intermediate floor or tioors will be the roof of the lower floor. If the roof is mainly made of bricks, stone, etc., and has · a mud plaster, cement plaster or lime plaster exposed to the sky, the material of roof in such cases · will not be "mud", "cement", or "lime" respectively but it will be "bricks", "stone", etc., which · ·constitute the fabric of the roof. ta9. The actual use to which a census house is put is to be recorded here keepi.ng in mind ; the broad categorisation such as : (these are purely illustrative); (1) Residence, shop-cum-residence, workshop-cum-residence.

(~) Fractoryiworkshop and workshed,etc. Factory should be written if it is registered under Indian Factories Act. A 'workshop' is a place where any kind of production, repair or servicing goes on or where goods and articles are made and sold, but is not large enough to be a factory. It is not necessary that some machinery should exist. Even a place where some household industry (as defined in Para 78) such as say, handloom weaving, biri rolling, papad making, toy making, etc., is carried on, it should be noted as a workshop here. If it is also used as a residence it should be noted as workshop­ cum-residence. Make searching enquiry if a house is used for the purpose of produc­ tion of any goods or engaged in some processing or repairing even on a Household Industry basis as these are not likely to be apparent to a casual observer. Shop: :(3) Shop: A shop is a place where articles are bought andlor sold on cash or for credit. '(4) Office, business house, bank, etc. Business house is that where transactions in money or other articles take place. ·(5) Hospital, dispensary, Health centre, Doctor's clinic, etc• . (6) School and other educational institution . .(7) Hotel, sarai, dharamshala, tourist house, inspection house, etc. ;(8) Restaurant, sweetmeat shop and eating place. (A sweetmeat shop, where sweetmeat is being made abd sold should be recorded as a Workshop) . . (9) Place of entertainment such as cinema house, theatre, community-gathring (Panchayat- ghar), etc. ,(10) Place of worship e.g. temple, church, mosque, gurudwara, etc. '(11) Insititution such as orphanage, rescue home, jail, refortnatory, children home, etc. . (12) Others e.g. cattle-shed, garage, godown, laundry, petrol bunk, passenger shelter, etc., the exact use to be fully described. ,(13) If the census house is found vacant, i.e., if no person is living in it at the time of enumeration and it is not being used for any of the purposes listed above, write 'vacant' in this Col. If the census house is locked because the occupants have gone on journey or pilgrimage, then it may not be treated as "vacant", but the use to which it is put recorded here and the fact that the occupants have gone on a journey! "'Col. 4: Material of Wall . •··Col S : _:r\~atenaI of Roof. tC.o). 6 : Purpose for which Census House is used B. g. residence, shop, shop-cum-residence, business, factory, . work .:1 hop, workshop-cum-residence, school, bank, commercial house, office, hospital, hotel, etc., or Vacant •. pilgrimage, noted in the :'Remarks' wltnil.n as t'HOUse locIred; otenpa.M6 Oil j~eyrT pilgrltnage, etc."·· .'...... '..' Note,' The rea!i()J3. for vacancy sllCh.as 'dillapidated' 'under repair', 'incomplete constn.otion," 'want of tenant', etc., may be recorded in the "Remarks" <:olllmR. . . . Deffnidon of .. Eitablishmeot: "40. An "Establishment" is a place where goods are produced or manufactured not solely fcir' domestic consumption or where serviciBg aild!or repairing is done such as factory,. workshop or household industry or servicing and/or repair workshop or a place where retail or wholesale busi­ ness is carried on or commercial services are rendered or all office, public or private or a pla'Ce of entertainment or where educational, i:eligious, social or entertainment services are rendeM. It is necessary that in all these places one or more persons should be actually workiru~·. 1h11S an establishment will cover manufacturing, trade and other establishments where people, work. Examples: A factory or a workshop or workshop-cum-reisdence or a trading or other establishment; . i.e. where some kind of production, processing repair or servicing is undertaken or where goods .. or articles are made and sold, or some bUsiness is being carried on such as a grocery shop, a pan! shop, restaurant, bank, hotel or an office, functioning such as Government office, commercial office or an institution.is being run such as school, college, hospital, dispensary, etc., and 'Yhere . one or more persons are working. . An Establishment may occupy a census house or a group of census houses or a part of a· census house. 41. This column applies only in cases where the census house is used as an Establishment: as defined above. Sometimes the act of production, processing or servicing may not be apparent especially if carried on as a household industry e.g;, when a handloom is located inside a house and" is not in operation at the time of enumerator's visit or if some other type of household industry such as papad making or toy manufacturing or bidi rolling, etc., is done, say in some interiot por-­ tion of the house. You should make searching enquiries to see if any production, processing or . servicing is done or any business is carried on or any institution is being run in any part of the· house not readily seen from outside. If 'Yes' is recoreded here, go to the Establishment Schedule, and flU up further partiouLars in that," Schedule. Please fill in tlte Serial No. of the entry as given in the Establishment SchedUle in this .. column after 'Yes'. . 42. It is possible that some kind of production or processing is undertaken in the house by the· members of the household for .purely domestic consumption. For e:xa.rnple~ hand pounding of rice,- . preparation of spices like,' haldi (turmeric), chillies, etc., or say, knitting of woollen garments, . embroidery work, loinloorn weaving and so on, meant for household use only and not for sale .. In such cases, the house should not be treated as an 'establishment'. COLUMNS 8 to 16 43. These columns will relate to census houses which are used wholly or partly -as a resi·. dence. If, thereiore, a particular census house is not being used for residential purposes at all even partly, as will be evident from entry in Col.6, put 'X' in each of the columns Sto 16. **44. A 'household' is a group of persons who commonly live together and would take their· meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented any of them ftom dOing: so. It may be made up of related or un-related persons. A cook or a servant living in the house­ of his employer and taking his food there is part of that household. A hostel where a nwnber oi·· un-related persons live together is an institutional household. So also a Jail. 45. There may be more than one household in a census house. Each household should: be given a separate number. This ,can be done by using the alphabets as (a), (b), (c); etc., as-

.Col. 7 : Is it used wholly or partly as an Establishment? Yes or No. If yes, enter further c1etllils in tho· ES1abiisbmmt Scbldule and indicate the Serial No. of that entry here• ...... COl. 8 : House hold No. a.ftix~s t~ th~ cens~s J10tlSe ntirriber. Fot e:;cample! ifbui1d~g N~.2 is' arso a cenS'tiS' iioti~e' ilDd has three hOUSeholds, the household numbers Witt be 2(tt), 2(6) and' 2{t).' .If'fjui1dirtgl~et" has two cen$ushouses, the houses will be numbered as 4(1) and 4(2). If within" t:hes-e'bOuSt'S tbete are respectively 3 and ~ households then they ~~ benum~red as 4(tHiI), 4(fHb,l, 4(1)(t,l81ld 4(2)(a) and 4(2) (b) resp~cttvety. If, however, bUilding No.3 tS also a cenS"(1s house Ibld' has only one household, the household number to be entered in this column willbe No. ~,~y. ,< . 46. In the. above. cases of ~ouseholds Nos.2(b), 2(c), 4'(t.}(b)_. 4 (l)(c)' ~ 4(~(bl, there wlll be no entnes agaInst them 10 Cols. 3 to 7. Cols. 3 to 7 wdlbe :filled tot t1re ~ire cen~.Ji; houses, 2.4(1) or 4(2), as the case may be, once. There is no need to repeat Cots~ 3to 7 in each line for which entries are made for more than one household against that census house in eols. 8 to 16. *47. The name of the Hea,d of each household should be written. The Head of the hol"ise.. hold for census purposes is .a person ,!h? is recognised.as such in the household. He is ~eneraHy the person who bears the ChIef responslbllity for the mamtenance of the household and fakes deci­ sions on behalf of the household. The Head of the household need not necessarily te the eldest male member, but may even be a female ot a younger member of either sex. Yon need not en­ ter into an~ l~ng argument about it ~ut .~ec~rd t~e name ~f the person who is r~ by ~he Household as Its Head. In the case of tnstitutlOns like boarding houses, messes, ehummenes WhICh should be regarded as households of un-related persons living together and which may be called Institutional Households, the manager or superintendent or the person who bas administrative responsibility or who by common consent is regarded as the Head should be recorded as the Head of the' household. In the case of an absentee deiure 'Head', the person on whom the responsibility of managing the affairs of the household falls at the time of enumeration, shc.uld' be regarded as the Head. **48. You will have been furnished with a list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduk!d Tribes noti­ fied for vour area. Ascertain if the head of the household belongs to a Scheduled Caste or a Sche­ duled Tribe and cbeck whether the Caste/Tribe is scheduled as per your list. If so, for Scheduled Caste write "S.C." and record name of caste, for Seheduled Tribe write "S.T." and record name of tribe. for others write "x'r For a household belonging to' Scheduled Caste, check religion of the head of the household. He or she should be either a Hindu or a Sikh. There cannot be a S.C. in any other religion. ScbedUled Tribes may belong to any religion. . " . 49. In a case where the head of the houSehold belongs to 'Scheduled CastefScheduled Tribe, even if any other member of the hons hold (except institutional househO'lds) does not belong to SCjST then write serSi as the case may be and mention the CastefTribe to '\'Ohic"_ he belOngs. , On the other hand if the head does not belong to Se{ST but any other member of the household' does belong to SqST; write ':x' in this column. 50. In the case of alL'Institutional Households' write 'X' in this column irrespective of whetbeT the head belongs to a S.C./S.T. or not. t51. A room should have four walls With a door way with a roof over head. and should be wide and long enough for a person to sleep in, i.e., it should have a length of not less than 2 metres and a breadth of at least It metres, and 2 metres in height. An enclosed room, however, which is used in common for sleeping, sitting, dining, storing and cooking etc., should be regarded as a room. An unenclosed vemndah, kitchen. store, garage, cattle-shed and latrine and roo~s iIi which a household industry such as a handloom is located which are not normally 11Sa.ble for ij.ving 'lr sleeping, etc., are excluded from the definition of a room for the purpose of this cOlumn. ,

·Co1. 9 : Name of the head of house hold. "Col. 10 : If 5. C. or 5. T., write name of caste/tribe. 1eol. 11 : No. of living rooms in the occupation of Census House hold. 250

.52. If there is only One OOuseholdin a census house the counting of rooms will not be diffi~ cult.. But if a cen,sus house consists of a number of households, the number of rooms occupied by each housebO\4 h~ ;to be entered. against the name of each Head of household. In cases where a room is occUPied. by more than one household or they share more than one room, the number of rooms should be gIven together. against a bracket as common to such hoUseholds. . 53. One is likely to come across a conical shaped hut or tent in which human-beings reside. In such impro\l'ised accommodation; there will be no four walls to a room and, therefore, the above definition .would not strictly apply to such types of accommodation. In such cases, the tent or conical hut, etc., may in itself be construed to be.a room. *54. If a hOllsehold is occupying a census house owned by itself and is not paying anything to anybody in the form of rent then the household may be considered as living in own house. This shOUld be recorded by '0'. A household living in a flat or a house taken on 'ownersh~p' basis on payments of instalments, should be regarded as living in its own house. notwithstanding that. all instalments have not been paid. 55. If the household lives in rented house write 'R'. A housing unit is rented if rent is paid or contracted for. by the occupants in cash or in kind .. Where an owner permits a household to live in a house, rent free even then the household should be treated as living in a rented house.· For example, rent free accommodation provided to employees by Government, Institutions, Com­ panies, etc. In such cases, you should treat the house as rented and write 'R'. *"'56. Enter the number of males normally residing in the household in column 13; females in col. 14 and total number of persons in column 15 (Co1.13+Col. 14). 57. In these columns normal residents are to be recorded even though some of them may be absent on the day of enumerator's visit. Casual visitors should be excluded as they will be considered at their respective places of normal residence. But a person who has stayed with the household for a period of 3 months or more should, however, be included. Correspondingly, nor­ mal residents absent for o\l'er 3 months or more should be excluded from the household in which they normally reside. Total of these columns shGuld be struck at the end of each page and after completion of h~uselisting gn.nd total of the block should be struck at the bottom of the last form. t58. If the hOllsehold is cultivating any land then you have to record the answer 'Yes' other­ wise 'No'. For determining whether a household is cultivating or not, it should be necessary to ascertain if one or more persons in the household are engaged in cultivation of land or supervision or direction of cultivation of land owned or held from Government or from private persons or Institutions for payment in money, kind or share. Encroachers who CUltivate land encroached upon will be regarded as cultivating households for the purposes of this column. If the house­ hold has a: visitor who cultivates land elsewhere, it can not be deemed that the household as such is a culti\l'ating household, unless tne Head/or other membeFS of the household are engaged in cul­ tivation of their own. the household should not be reckoned as a cllltivating household. A hou ;e­ hOld whose members merely W\lrk on sOffi:lbJjy else's land for wages ShOllld not be treateJ J.S a cultivating household. tt59. If there is an entry in Col. 6 as "Vacant". you have to record the reason such as "dilapi­ dated", "u::der r~p3.ir", "incomplete construction", "want of tena.nt"·, etc. in this column.

6). After YOll h3.v~ cJn,?leted filling up of the hOllselist for your block, you will prepare a duplic!lte copy 01 the houselist, for which you w\luld be given adequate number 01 blank forms.

*Co1. 12 : Does the household Uve in owned or rented house: (i) Owned (0), (#) Rented (R) .cCoJa. 13 to 15: No. of persons nortnally residing in census household on day of the visit of the enumerator teo1. 16: Does the household cultivate land? (Yes or No). tfCol. 17 : Remarks. 251

INSTQ.UCTIONS-PART II ESTABLISHMENT SCHEDULE 61. Instead of loading the main Houselist form itself with questions pertaining to Estab­ lishments, it has been decided to have a separate schedule in which particulars of each establish­ ment are to be recorded. (See the Establishment Schedule given at the end of this book). 62. The term "Establishment" has been defined in para 40 of this booklet. You are requested to study it carefully, before filling the 'Establishment Schedule'. 63. The respondents should be fully assured that the information collected in these schedules will be treated as completely confidential and is meant for statistical purposes and will not be used as evidence against any individual or establishment for any purpose. The respondents should be encouraged to furnish truthful replies without any reservation. _ 64. At the top of the schedule provision is made for noting the Location Code Nurnbers and name of the areas concerned. This should be the same as those noted' on the top of the Houselist which you will be canvassing simultaneously. You should fill the location Code Numbers, *~~ . 65. The columns of the Establishment Schedule can be classified into four broad groups: . (i) Columns 1 to 5 are of uniform applicability and entries have to be made in respect of all the establishments; (ii) Columns 6 to 8 pertain to manufacturing, processing, etc. ---establishments; (iii) Columns 9 to 10 relate to trading establishments; and (iv) Column 11 refers to "other" Establishments which are not covered in columns 6 to 10. Thus, it will be seen that the columns falling within groups (ii) to (iv) are mutuallyexclu- sive, while those in group (i) are common to all. . *66. In this column the establishments are to be entered one after another serially. Arabic numerals should be used for this purpose, i.e., I, 2, 3, etc. _ 67. The Census house number to be noted is the same as that in column 3 of the Hociselist and against which 'Yes' is written in column 7 of the Houselist indicating that the Census house is Used as an establishment. **68. A prlint to be noted here is that it is likely that a single tactory or 'workshop may be. spread over more than one Census house adjoining one another. Therefore, while in Col. 2 of thi~ . _schedule a number of Census houses may be not.ed in respect of that particular unit of production, processing or repairing, trade or business etc., the entries in Col. 3 onwards will be one only for that group of houses covered by a single unit of production or business, etc. establishment~ For example, if a single tea factory in Assam or business establishment in Calcutta should be spread over two or three adjacent buildings, each of the buildings should not be shown as a separate fac­ tory or establishment but the House Numbers of all these buildings shown in Col. 2 should be bracketted together and the particulars of the single tea factory or establishment entered in the subsequent columns against this group of houses. If on the other hand. the activities of a large firm or an office are carried on in buildings located far away in different localities, each of the Census homes in the rlefferent loca.lities will have to be treated as a separate establishment and. the particulars of the establishment relating to that particular Census house should be listed in this schedule. tOO. In this column write the name of the establishment in the case of factories, large manufacturing concerns, a shop or business establishment, banks' office, etc., which usually bear a distinct name. Where an establishment has no separate name as in the case of small work_ shops and establishments like confectionaries, small tea shops, Dhobi's establishment, household "Col. 1 : Sl. No . .. "Col, 2 : Census House No. tCoI.3 : Name of the Establishment or of the proprietor. 252

industries, etc., write the name of the owner as "So and so's Halwai shop" etc. This is to help ea.<;~ identification. ' *70. Enter here whether establishment enumerated belongs to public sector i.e., Governmentl Quasi Government managed, including establishments run by local authorities, or to private, sec~or, or a co-operative enterprise. Please do nlilt write in the column only (a) or (b) or Cc) but wnte. (1) "Government-Public Sector, or Quasi Government.­ Public Sector, or Local Authority-Public Sector; (2) Private; or (3) Co-operative. There may b.e ~a~y schools or libraries, etc. which are not owned by any particular indivi

·Col. 4 : Is the Establishment- (a) Govt./Quasi Govt. (b) Private '(I) Co-operative Institution. "Col. 5 : Average number of persons working daily last week or in the last working season, including proprietors and/or family workers. ' 253

*78. Household Industry: Definition.-A 'Household Industry' is defined as an industry conducted by the Head of the household him;;elf/herself andlor mainly by the members of the household at home or within the village in rural areas, and only within the premises of the house where the household lives in urban areas. The industry should not he' run on the scale of a registered factory.

79. Thus, there are four ingredients of a household industry:- ( i ) nature of activity, (ii) participation, (iii) location, and (ill) size.

SO. (i) Nature of activity.-A Household industry should relate to production, processing, servicing, repairing, or making and selling (but not merely selling) of goods. It does not include professions !?uch as a pleader or doctor or barber, musician, dancer, washerman (Dhobi), astrologer, etc. or merely trade or business even if such professions trade or services are conducted at home by members of household.

81. (ii) Participation.-The Head of the household andlor one or more members of t' e household must participate in such an industry. If it is run primarily by hired labourers; the 'participation' ingredient of the household members will not be satisfied and it will not be a 'Household Industry'. The industry may run with the help of hired workers but the head and/ or members of the household must be mainly participating in the industry and not solely dependent on hired workers. Besides "actual work", participation also includes "supervision and direction". 82. (iii) Location. -The industry should be located within the premises of the house where the household lives in urban areas; if it is situated at a place other than at home, it will not be termed as household industry in urban areas. In rural areas, however, the industry may be either at home or anywhere within the village limits. In rural areas, even though, the industry is not situated at home, there is a greater possibility of the members of the household participating in it if it is located within the village limits.

83. (iv) Size -The industry should not be on the scale of a registered factory. Irrespective of the location and participation by the members of the household, if- the industry or workshop is registered under the Factories Act, then it will not be a household industry.

84. Thus it will be clear that any industry which can be termed as 'Household Industry' must satisfy all the four ingredients mentioned above. 85. (b) Registered Factory_-A factory which is registered under the Indian Factories Act should be treated as a "Registered Factory". Any other workshop merely licenced by the Municipal or any other authority or registered for any other purpose should not be treated as a registered factory unless it is registered under the Irtdian Factories Act. 86. (c) Unre{!istered Workshop.-Workshop is a place where some kind of 'production' processing, servicing, repairing or making of goods for sale, is going on. A workshop which is registered under the Indian Factories Act should be treated as a registered factory and others as unregistered workshops. Workshops which are run as household industry should be treated as household industry and entered as such. 87. When you come across an establishment where some kind of manufacturing, 'processing or servicing, etc., is done, you should ascertain whether it is a Household Industry or a registered factory or a workshop not registered under the Factories Act and write whatever it actually is in this column. Please note that workshops merely licenced or entered in the registers of a local authority are not to be considered as registered factories unless registered under the Indian Fac­ tories Act. All workshops other than household industries and not registered under the Indian Factories Act should be treated as unregistered workshops even if they are merely licenced as workshops by the local authorities. Please do not write (a) or (b) or (c) in the column but write "Household Industry", or "Registered Factory" or "Unregistered Workshop", as the case may be.

·Col. 6 : Is It (a) Household Industry, (b) Registered Factory. (c) Unregistered work shop. '~. .~. The description of the actual work relating to product, processing and servicing which IS done In the House~old Indust!y,. facto~ or ,!orkshop that is b~ing listed is to be recorded h~e, e.g., handloom wea~g, l~ knitting, od gham, etc., manufactunng of G.I. pipes, electroplatIng, mot

··89. Enter her~ the des<:ri~tion of the power or fuel used for the running of the factory, work­ shop (or household mdustry If It is run on power or fuel). The fuels can be kerosene, soft coke, petrol, diesel, gas, coal, wood, etc. Electricity and steam. etc. are, some of the sources of power. Some units may be run by ~imal power such as oil ghani. Some may be run by merely human energy such as carpet-makIng, pottery making, etc. Enter the description of fuel or power used for ,the production, processing, servicing, etc., that is carried on in the establishment; There may be Instances where more than one fuel or power is used, in such cases only the fuel or power which is used in ,running the primary unit of the industry will be noted in this column. 90. Columns 9 and 10 are to be filled in respect of trading establishments Or establishments which render commercial services only. . 91. Trading or business establishments are those where some trading,. i.e., transactions Involving sal~ and/or purchase of goods go on. '. Establishments rendering commercial services are the banks, money lending firms, Pawn . shops, etc. . t92. If it is a trading establishment, you should ascertain what are the goods bought and! or sold and write'the description in this column. If there are more than one type of goods bought/ sold by the establishment, you should give description of the main item of goods bought/sold by . the establishment. 93. In the case of establishments rendering commercial services such as in the case of Banks, etc., you should write the description of the services rendered, as in the case of a bank, you should write "banking services". . .' .tt94., For all trading establishments, you should ascertain in respect of the goods mentioned in column 9, whether they are sold/bought in wholesale or in retail and write, as the case m:.ty be, 9S. You may come across certain establishments wherein both types of trade, i.e., whole­ sale and retail go on ..- In such cases, you should ascertain in which category (i.e., wholesale or retail) the volume of trade is greater and record the category accordingly. 96. In the case of est~blishments rendering commercial services, e.g., bank etc., please do not write any of the two categories, i.e., 'wholesale' or 'retail' but put an 'X' in this column. . @97. Two specific types of establishments have been covered in columns 6 to 10. Column 11 relates to the remaining types of establishments not covered by columns 6 to 10. ~ou h3:~e '. 10 describe such establishments in this column, e.g., Government Office, School, HOSpItal, Rail­ way Station, Orphanage, Rescue Home, Barber's Saloon, Cinema Theatre, Hotel, Tea Shop, Lawyer's Office, Doctor's Clinic, Laundry, etc. @ @98. It is possible that in a particular establishment, more than. ~ne ~tiV!ty' is bei~g under­ taken within the same premises. For example, say in a betel shop, b~d~ rollIng IS also belllg under­ taken or in a grocery shop a flour mill is also located, or in the doctor's clini~ medi~~es are sold. In such cases, the establishment should be identified having regard to the maJor actIvlty and , recorded as such in the relevant columns pertaining to the major activity~

·Col. 7 : Description of the products, processing or servicing done. "Col. 8 : Type of fuel or power used. tCoI. 9 : DescriptiOD of goods bought/sold. ttCol. 10 : "'hether (a) wholesale or (b) retail. @Col. 11 : If used as any other establishment, describe e. g., Govt. office, School, Hospital, Railway Station, Barber's Saloon, Cinema Theatre, Hotel, Tea shop, etc . . @@General. 255

99. But if different activities are undertaken in different census houses quite cut off from one "

Name ot District •••. .. ~ ...... t ...... I ...... , ••• ,., • Code No ...... , ... ..

Name of Taluk/Tehsil,Thana.'AnchalfIslillld ...... C')(~!l ~o ......

f'red'ominanf conllfruction IIUIteri'al of HODse lsit used whol1v 0\ Con"". PurpORe for which ('.ensus rartly as an estab H~luse is used, t. g residence, li5hm~nt ~ Yes or Building No. Census shop, shop-cum residence, (l't.onicip~1 or ~o. 1f yes, enter Line No. House No. business, facton. workshop, Local Aut~ority workshop-c...lIm·residence, further details in or Census No.1 the E:;;tabli~hrn'!tl Household No. Material of Wall Material of Roef school, bank, commercial Schedule an indi­ house, office, hospital, hotel, cate the s:!ri~l ~ _, etc. or vacant 01 that entry he'·

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Note: PIr.,. ~o not write In In Cels. 4, 5. 6. 10 & T.. b"latJoQ ollie .. lor ..

Sigllature of Enumerator...... • ...... nate ... ~ ...... A 1971

Name of Village orI town ...... , ...••...•...... " .. . eode No......

Name of number 0 Ward,hlo11al1a.'Enumerator's Bleck ... , ...... •.... Code No ...... 1

,-______----,-----<~ __Jj_u_.sla wlu... lly or partly as a residence

No of psrs~ns norlllllly residirrg II of the N~, I D~es in CeDsO' H nsoh:>ld on day of living I household D~the vi.it of tho enulll,rator I I room, live ill owned household Remlrka Name of the Head 01 s. C. cr S. T .. write in tho I or rented culth'ate Hous,hold I , am. of Caste/Tribe occup:! thn hous~ ~ land I I of Census (i) uwned (0) I (Yes or No.) I Household \".ii) ,'"oteJ tR) Male Fem.. les I Tota(

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i he sraee rncJosrd by dotted line. Total , .I 12. 'Ihese are moaJll ,WI use in the Iia,.

Signature of Supervisor ...... , .. .. Dated •.•••••...... '. CENSUS OF INDIA 1971 ENGLISH ESTABLISHMENT SCHEDULE

Name of Dl~trlctllll"IUUI"IItIIlII""tlllllllllllllllllllllll' IIhllll ,Code NO""I"'U'U""II"'hl'U Name of village or lown,llllllllll"IlIl"tlu .... u,II ..."IIII" .... CJodeNo.1I 01111111''''11'"101111 Name of TaluklTelisil/Thanal Anchal!Island,,,, ".""""""""Code No"""""".""""."." Name_, or No, of WardlMohallalEnumerator's Block "" .. ".",,,,,.Code No '. "" ... "" .. "."",,. If any manufacturillg, processing or servicing ~ done - 11 used as a trading establi~hT.e -It fllI;?~ as any?th~r ,-_.- .- ..... Average numher of ( -- - :lStablishment, des- Is th, establishment I persons working crihfo I. t. Govt. !a) Govt./Quasi Govt, Is it (bl Private, daily last week or I . Olli:e, School, Serial rensD.1 Name 01 the Establisl· in the tast working (a)Honsehold !ndastry Desrriplion 01 tbe Description of Whrthrl (e) Co·opemtive q~spital, Hailway No. House No. ment or of the proprietur season including (b,~(e,lst''rel\ Fl,to!) prnducts, procffi!ing Type of fuel or goodS boughtl (al Wh,)lelale.or station, BMber's Inst.'~~Lo,L propri:tors and/or (e) Unr1gistmd wOIk· or servking done power used sold i(bl Retail saloon, ClilMl.I family workers shop th~atre, Hotel, Tea shop, etc. _ _ \ -. _''', _. -1 3 4 ----- ' ',i I--'j"o- 2 5 ~ 9 -it: -- 6 I "'III - 'I' • 111411 '''Itt , ".',. .. ,"' II •• " , ------_. , ·, ·, ·, ...... -" ", ,' ..... , --...... '''''' , .... , ...... ·. , - _.------_ · · ·, -- It, •. - ""11 - "j' "'11 ...... "I, .. I """ I I I I I , , I _. · , , --. _'---' ..------· · _---· .u· .tI.u IIUII 11111· IIIU...... ttl", I , , , , - ,------· I ----- ·I · U.II' 1"" , .. , .. 1111" "'.1\ , ....., -' ,""II , I ------: , , , , : IIrlll ... I""· ...... 11111' 1.1 .. 1111 .. I I , I , I I I , , ,I - ~~. · ...... 111'" .u'u "'", II'''' .. I .. ' ," .' I I , , , I ! • . I - ---- ._._--_. · .. · · , tI.tI Itil' ~ ,. -- "'" .. 'U" 11111' ..,." I , , I I ------· - · - · · : · • ,,11' I"" .". .. " .. ,,,u' 111"- U'UI I , , , I , · I I --.. _'" · · · · - .,,, , ...... 1" III •• , tI'" , ", lUll' I , : I : , - · , ·, "III' ." 11111' ...... 'I.". III .. 'Utll I I , I I I I , , I · , I - - .. ----.--- · · 111111 IU'" II~"I ", ... "1'0' "'.1. . ",.11 , ------, - · · , " · NOTE:- Please do not write in the spaces enclosed by dotted lines in coh, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and II. These are meant lor use in \he Tabulation Offices tor codingi

Signature of Enumerrator'h .... ,...... '.. llh.U'UIU,,, ... ,,,,uIIlDate,,,, .. ".. "IiJUJ ..'fJu .. Signature of Super~sor,,,If' IUIII IIUti '"I" 11111'" 1"""111111 "u"." IlIDateIIlIIlIlU'ftl,IIfI.'''' INSTRUC-rIO"iS TO ENUMERATORS )'pOR FILLI~r; uP' TH'E .IN'QlVIDUAL. SLIP GENERAL As a Census enumerator, you are performing a duty which is of great national importanc('. The data you provide through the census fonn the basis for the deIXlarc~tion of electQ~} consti­ tuencies; the national planning largely depends on the accuracy of the census data.. Census data. are also depended upon heavily by the -public and Government organi.<;ations. Y01J are privileged to be a Census enumerator. At the same time, your responsibilitIes are also heavy. You have to fulfil them with a sense of pride and devotion to duty. 2. For your informaticn certain provisions of the Indian Census Act which clothes you with the legal power to canvass the census questionnaire and also prescribes your responsibilities are reporduced in Appendix I. 3. Please take particular note of the provision of sections 11 (I) (a) and (h) of the Census Act which require you to perform your duty as a census officer diligently and to keep the information collected at the census confidential. 4. The Indian Census has a rich tradition and has enjoyed the reputation of being one of the best in the world. It is hoped that you will help in keeping up this good name. REFERENCE DATE AND ENUMERATION PERIOD 5. The reference date for the population Census of 1971 is the sonrise of 1st March 1971, i.e., the census is expected to provide a picture of the population of the country as it exists at sunrise of 1st March, 1971.· It is ob,iously not possible to ascertain the particulars of every individual throughout the length and breadth of the country at thi<; fixed point of time. Therefore, the enu­ merator will actually commence his work of enumeration on 10th February, 1911 and end it on 28th February, 1971. You will, therefore, have to cover your jurisdiction and enumerate every person as will be explained in the succeeding paragraphs during that period of 19 days. But in order to bring the picture up-to-date as at sunrise of 1st March, 1971, i.e., the reference date for the census, you will have to quickly go round your jurisdiction again on a revisit from 1st to 3rd March, 1971 and enumerate any fresh arrival in your jurisdiction who might not have already been . enumerated elsewhere and also take account of any fresh births that might have taken place in any of the households after y~ur previous visit and before the sunrise of 1st Man:h, 1971 and filt in fresh census schedules to cover such cases. As a corollary you will have to also cancel the cen­ sus schedules relating to persons who may have unfortunately died since your last visit to a house­ hold but prior to the sunrise of 1st March, 1971. Births or deaths and arrivals of visitors that had taken place after the sunrise of 1st March, 1971 need not be taken note of by you. PAD NO. AND SLIP NO. 6. The census charge officer or the supervisor would have issued the required number of cnwneration schedule pads of individual slips to you. Some may be in pads of 100 schedules and some of 25. On the top of the pad, the pad number would have been Doted prominently by the Charge Officer. Soon after you receive your pa.d, you should check them and note on the right hand comer of each individual slip, within each book in the space provided for the purpose, the Pad No. as given on the top of the cover and you should also allot serial number to each schedule. The serial number of the schedules will have to be given by yourself in one sequence starting with one on the first schedule of the pad and ending with. 100 irL case. of pads of 100 schedules and ending ·Since changed as 1st April, 1971. with 25 in cage of pads of 25 schedules. In some pads the actual number of schedules may by mistake be a ~itt!e,m~~~ ~~ N~l~ ,l~ss. :rre ~~'5t serial nU'llb~r in ~~c~ p,ads m'l.y. therefore, vary aceor&ngi9. -1t~'\itftdta~ Hlea: is th:d everY'sHIt shohld' be f:tHbt@d the pM mltntleF as well as the distinct serial number.

LOCATWN CODE AND yOUR JURISDICTION 1. Or} ih~ ~o~ co~er' p'lge of each bJ:Jk you will also uui the location cod'e number of your vi~e orto~J1'iiIifipllhg the district number, the tehsil or thana or tOWn number and the . village n1lri1ber. Y 6U tiiay find that the dic;trict No. and tM teh'5il No ha'\l'e been already stamped on each slip in tM rUral pM's. In the case of urban areas, the town No. may also be rubber stamped along with the district No. In rural areas you will have to note in addition the village N'o. and the enu­ merator B1ock·N'o. and for towns ward No., if any, and enumerator Block No. But if on any shp, location cod.~ ~ ~t been stamped through ov-ersight, y611 will have to note the cotnbined location code No. made-up of the district No., tehsil or thana or town No. and the viUagetward No. and enu­ merator block. No. on each schedule on the left hand top corner in the space provided for the purpose. ElemeQts of each code should be separated by oblique strokes. The enumerator block number may be noted within round brackets at the end of the location code. Please also see the instructions in pa,ra 22 below. You must get yourself fully acquainted with the complete code numbers alhtted to y.)3.[ area. This will be intimated to you by yoUr Census Charge Officer.

S. It you hav~. ,by any chance, been put in charge of more than one village or urban blOCk, please make sure that you have separate pads for each village or urban block. Do not enumerate the populatiorl Of!! second village or a second urban block in continuation of the nrst in a common pad. The eritrmeration Schedule pads of each village or urban block will have to remam separate. 9. Your appointment order would have de:fined your census jurisdiction. You must ac­ quaint yourself with your jurisdiction immediately your appointment order is received. You should get to know the relevant house numbers of the houses which you are expected to visit for enu­ meration. Any n~ flO\1Ses that might have come up within the limits of your jurisdiction for which DO number bad been 1L1lotted before, should be indicated by a sub-number to the adjoining hODse number. You sltou,ld also know the dividing line between you and the aajoining enumerator. Make '5ure that he also knows the boundaries of your jurisdictions sO that there is no ambiguity. al\d overlapping or omission. In case of any doubt you should immediately consult your Super- visQr or the Charge) Officer. • 10. Immedia~ly you are appointed a Census Enumerator plea.se prepare a detailed sketch of the area-alt

PERSONS TO BE ENUMERATED il. While your appointment oreier may indicate all the houses that fall in your jurisdiction you will have to locate every housenold in your area. A household is defined as "the entire group of persons who commonly live together and take their meals froro a common mess unless the exigencies of work prevent them from doing so'." A household can be either a one person house­ hold, i.e .• a panon who ml.kes provision for his own fooi or other essentials for living "'.thout co:n1:Jining "'ith any other parson to form p:ut of a mllti-p~rson household. It ma.y be Ii. multi­ ~r:;(m h'l.1;~h:Jld, ie., a gro..lp 0f tW) :;,r rn Jre p3rS'lnS W:ll) ml.k~ cO.ll n:m provision for food or other e.s,sentials for living. They may be related or unrelated persons or a combiuation of both. Ifouseholds ~sually occupy a whole or part of not more than one housing unit but they may also De found living in cam?s, in b,)'l.rding houqes or ho:)tels or other 'tllstitutions or they may be homeless.

, 12. You w·ll have to make note of the areas within your jurisdiction where thends a likeiiho·od of houseless persons such as the pavement dwellers or nomads living. Those hou'leless persons should all.be censused on the night of 28th February 1971 You will also have to cover that night, persons living in boats, if any, in your jurisdiction.

13. All persons normally residing at a place within your jurisdiction during the census enu­ meration period are eligible for enumeration. A person is considered as normally residing there if he normally stays in that place during the enumeration period, i. e., from 10th February till 28th February 1971, and had in fact actually resided there during any part of the enum'3ration peiiod. If a person had been away throughout the enumeration p~riod he is not to b'! c:li1"idered eligible for enumeration here. He will be enumerated wherever he is actually found during the enumera­ tion period. Similarly, a person who would have norm1.11y re"ide:l at another place duriag the enu­ meration period but in fact was ab,ent during the entire p:lrioi fro:n that phce will be enumerate:! ~if he is to be found in any hou:;ehold in your jurisdiction as a visitor. Such per50ns should, how­ ever: be cautioned that th:ly ShJlld nJt g~t than;elve:. en·l n3rate1 again in case they may move from this place. .

14. Thus when you visit a household for the purpose of enumeration, you wJl enumerate the following persons:-

(i) All those who normally stay and are present in that homehold duri·ng the entire period of enumeration, i. e., from 10th February to 28th February; (both days inclusive);

(ii) Also those who are known to be norm:l.lly residing, and had actually stayed during a part of the enumeration period (10-28 Feb.) but are not present at the time of your vis-it;

(iii) Also those who are known to be norm:l.lly residing and are not present at the time of your visit but are expected to return before 1st March 1971; and

(iv) Visitors who are pre~ent in household censused by you but had been away fro:n the place W of their usual residence during the entire enumeration period. For the purpose of enumeration such visitors will be treated as normal residents of the place (household) where they were actually found during the enumeration period prov.ded they have not been enumerated elsewhere.

15. You should plan out your work in such a wa.y that you will be able to cover your entire jurisdiction in a systematic manner and you do not leave the work to b~ accum;J.lated towards the end.

16. Your task is simple. Y,H will be required. to canv.\'>s only one simple Individual Slip containing 17 questions for each individual to be enumerated in your jurisdiction. You will have ·to later post some parti_c:ulars on the Population Record and you have to also prepare an Abstract. You have to record the answers as laid down in the succeeding constructions briefly. CENSUS SCHEDULE (INDIVIDUAL SLIP) 17. The census schedule which is called the Individual Slip that you will be required to cart­ vass is given on opposite page. 18. One slip will have to be filled for each individual in each household that yoU: visit in your .,urisdiction. You should first enumerate the Head of the household folloWed by the other members of the household in the most convenient order and ensure that none of the persons in the househoid Is left out. Perhaps it is best that after enumerating the Head of the household, you cov~i the near relatives first such as, the wife, sons and daughters, son's wife and son's childten, daugh­ ter's husband and their childten forming part of the household, then distant relatives, and domestic servants or other boarders or visitors, forming part of the household and elifitleCl to be enumerated here. Please make repeated enquiries about infants ana 'lJery young children for they Me often liable to be left out of count. ' 19. The various items to be canvassed on the Individual Slip are explained in the foliovring instructions : Pad No. and Slip No. . 20. Make sure that the Pad No. and the Slip No. have been noted by you on the top right hand comer of each schedule against the item provided· as already indicated earlier under the general instructions. The noting of Pad No. and the Slip No. is necessary for, you will be later required to tabulate in an Abstract certain items of information of each scheduie on a separate fonn where you will hav~ to indicate the Slip No. concerned against which you will be posting the data. The Pad No. is the number already furnished on the top of the enumeration scheduie Pad and the Slip No. is the serial number that you will be giving for each schedule in this Pad. You are also advised to use the Pads in a sequence starting with the lowest Pad number. 21. In case your jurisdiction covers more than one village or more than one urban block please ensure that you do not make us~ of a common pad of schedules for all the v111ages or urban blocks in your charge. There should be separate pads for each village or urban block even if there were a few blank schedules left over in the pad of a particular village or urban block. LocatiOn. Code 22. Though this has already been referred to generally earlier, it is worth elaborating. The location code is the method by which every village or town in a tehsil/taluk/pblice statibnjanchal{ Island in every district of a State is indentified by a combination of numbers. Fbr tbis purpose, every district, tehsil, taluk, police station, anchal or Island, villlage or town in your State would have been allotted code numbers. Your Charge Officer would have,. indicated to you the· district, tahsil, taluk, police station, anchal or Island and the village or town numbers as also the ward num­ ber of the town pertaining to your jurisdiction. By a combination of these numbers one can exactly locate your village or town. Thus, a code number running as 10/3/46 would mean village No.46 in Tahsil No.3 of District No.10 of a State, or a code number running as 6/II/5 would mean ward No.5 in Town No.II of District No.6. Note that the Town No. is given in roman figure to distin­ guish it from rural code No. At the end of the location code you should add Within round brackets the enumeration block number that has been allotted to you by your Charge Officer thus 10/3{ '46(60) or 6/II/5(~). You: will be identified by enumerators' block number and. this has to J:>e. en­ tered in your Daily PostIng Statement. (The enumerators' block numbers will be a contmuous number for the tahsil]taluk/town, etc.). 23. Make sure that you know the correct location code of the area allotted to you. You should ri6te down the location code on each blank individual slip immediately the enumeration pads are issued to you. This will save you the trouble of noting the location code number later when you ~tuaUy visit each household within your block for enumerati?n.. WhC? you visit the hoUse­ hold you may have to then note only the household number as Indicated In the next para by the side of the location code number which you would have alreay indicated. hot No..__f_____ I SD'No. ____ ...... 51' IAadah CDoii. ___'. ______-( ) .., _J t...... --: _____-- ___=="""'_.,. .. Ret.tJ""ohIp CD . 10 heId ___--'------__;·· .' (I) w...... (C, AI. \..J r-'" W...... HHI.OW I I ~SUO 0 -...,. - L.J (I) ..... lH. ST, R,_ r:--\ fJ ... ,.,.'------~- r-, w.... D.8,,00) I...... """ ..... _...... :-----...... :---LJ i ..,_ ...... _k .. lOt ..reDt" ..~1Id - 0nI)' ~ &I'IIM .. 'lIUIp',OWII} __'-- _____ Cot),.,...... '------z M .... "'E ...... ______Ii (I,) IIa, dIIId born In die .... _ p"'-----. L_.1 I• (d) ...... of or1IId1llllJ. Sem.. TIIIIIe. ______r 7• ~)""'''lIIrth ,.-, , I '2!~ {It, .....'Ur!1M, _____--_ r _L_.J ... . , , ~(_\~ ,.1 -., --,..-.. ~ ~~WMk------'tw> S-/Counay LLj r-a. ______r-'--r'Ll_.& _J ~ W .... of ...... ------_- ,,·CIIIo ___'-- ______.....!ILr--. J 9 ,f-~ I !i! (Ip) ..unI / u.llln------r-t-1

3 (o) DIIVk\ r-"'­, I I t_{oII SIr ,Country '. L.._l_J .. a-sGn 01 RO.t..... "die VIIIop r-,-.., til _·of·Eni..... &ian'------LL r-rl J tQ. 1loIlpn;:::::.======:::;-L_ .... _-' So c.t ' I r-rl II. "" r------..,J:.~'4-:.'=t s. T.,~ ______-.--'L-L~" I I Ir-r-T-" , I , L _L._,-.J ,a. LIfINC1 1\ [J. (LorO) ,~ ,& ::'*' . r-(1 ,...... r-,L---7~ T-... LLj_J I .. 0dIer. ,.-T-'--" ...... LL_L_J 2&J

Household No. 24. The identifying household number of the household that you are covering at the Census. should be nO,te<} within the squ.are brackets provided for the purpose. As you may be aware. Houselisting and Housenumbering. operation was undertaken during 1970 with a view to num­ bering each census house and locating all households living in census houses, In the course of this operation, each census house was given a number and households found therein would also have been a~lqtted _a number. The census house numbers would, be painted on the houses at promi­ nent plate, like the pillar of the main gate, top of the main door, etc., Sometimes there may b~ more permanent house-numbering plates affixed. In the case of thatched houses, numbers may have been wiitten out on a tin plate or wooden board and left with the households with a request to preserve the same. You should use this number. 25 .. It may happen that when you visit your area for census taking you may come across some census houses which did not exist at the time of houselisting and, therefore, no mim1:>ers had actually been allotted to them. You should allot a number after consulting the order of num­ bering prevailing in your jurisdiction (Please see Appendix II) and locate the households living therein. For example, if in between buildings 9 and 10 another building has come up you should allot the number 9/1 to this structure and in case more than one building has come up numbers like 9/1,9/2,9/3 and so on should be used for the new structures then locate the census houses in accOt:dlJPce with the instructions in Appendix II and thereafter locate the households and allot numbers in the prescribed manner. The household number will be the Same as the house num­ ber if only one household is living in a house. If there were more than one household then alpha­ betical sub-numbers within brackets as 19(a), 19(b), etc., will have to be added to the house num­ ber to disti~guish each household. It may also happen t:rtat the number given at the time of houselisting has been obliterated. You ~hould allot the correct number having regard to the preceding and - succeeding buildings. 26. For the purpose of conveniently understanding the housenumbering system, the instruc..; tions governing the numbering of buildings, census houses and households are given in AppendiX II. . _ 27. If the household happens to be an institutional household such as a boa,ding house, hostel, "oteS, chummery, etc., where a group of unrelated persons stay together then add 'INST' to the househOld· number. . 28. If you afe enllmeratlng the houseless persons, you ShOfdd record '0' boldly in the space provided for the household number. 29. In aU the individual slips pertaining to the members of the same household, the house­ hoJ4 number will be repeated. You will then start recording the partic~lars of each individual agaitUit questions indicated in the Individual Slip according to the instructions that follow. Please do not write anything in the spaces enclosd by dotted lines iu question Nos. 2, 3, 5, 6(b) , 7 (b) , 7(c), 7(d), 8(b), S(c), S(d), 9-15, l6(a), 16(d). 16(e), 16(f), 17(a) , 17(d), 17(e), and l7(f). These are meantfor writing code numbers in the Tabulation Offices, Question 1 : Name ._ ~.. "" - . . . 00. Write the name of the person enumerated. If a woman's name is not given out, des­ cribe her as 'so and so's wife, mother or daughter'. By custom if a woman finds it difficult to give the na_me of her husband and if the man is absent at the time of emumeration but his partiCUlars have to be recorded write 'so-and-so's husband' if you have failed to ascertain the name even from the neighl?ours. 'For ~ewly born infants whQ ha,y~ l1Qt yet b3en given th~ ~l!-II:J.e write "baby" and aid father's or mo~~~ n<;UIle. . 262 '

Question 2 : ReJationship to Head 31. In the case of the Head of the household write 'Head'. The Head of the Household.for census purposes is a person W110 is recognised as such in the household. He is generally the person who bears the chief responsibility for the maintenance of the household and takes decisions on behalf of the household. The Head of the household need not necessarily be the eldest male member but may even be a female or a younger member of either sex. You need not enter into any long argument about it but record the name of the person who is recognised by the Household as its Head. 32. In the case of institutions like boarding houses, messes or friends living together in one census house, which should be regarded as households of unrelated persons living together, which may be called institutional Households. the Manager or Superintendent or the p.erson who has administrative reponsibilityor who by common consent is regarded as the head should be recorded as . the Head of the household. 33. The Manager or Superintendent who does not'stay normally in the institution should be enumerated at bis place of normal residence. You should make sure before filling up the slip for the Manager or Superintendent, etc., of an institutional household, that he/she has not been enumerated at any other household. 34. In the case of absence of a normal 'Head', the person on whom the responsibility of managing the affairs of the household falls, should be recorded as the Head. 35. All relationships ln this question should be recorded in relation to the Head of the house­ hold. Write the relationship in full. Do not use words like 'nephew', 'niece or uncle', but state whether brother's or sister's son or daughter (for nephew or niece) or father's or mother's brother (for uncle), 'Son' will include 'adopted son' or 'step son'; similarly for a daughter. In the case of visitors, boarders, or employees, Write 'visitor: 'b.)arder', or 'employee' as the case may be. In the case of institution, the members should be recorded as 'unrelated'. 36. If on the check of revisional round between 1st and 3rd March 1971 the Head of the household as recorded previously is found to have died, the person in the household who suceeeds him by common consent as head should be recorded as Head and the relationsihps in all other slips will have to be suitably corrected, The slip of the deceased Head of the household will, of course, be cancelled.

Question 3 : Sex 37. For males write 'M' and for females write 'F' within the circle indicated against thls qu~stiol1. Even for eunuchs and hermaphrodites, write 'M' only. Verify with reference to the name and relationship to Head against questions 1 and 2 respectively that you have noted the salt corr~ct1y.

Question 4 : A~e 38. Record the age of the person in total years completed last birthday. Very often therE! is tendency on the part ot the individuals to return 'years running' rather than the 'years completed'. Make sure that only the actual number of years completed is recorded. 39. In re3pect of infants who might not have completed one year by the day of enumeration their age in completed years should be invariably shown as '0' as they have not yet completed one year of age and add 'Infant' in brackets. As was stated under general instructions make sure that infants even if a day old are invariably enumerated. You should not enter the age in months. The a~e Qf an infant who has not yet completed one year should invariably be noted as '0' only. 263

40. Age is one of the most important items of demographic data and you should a'lcertain the age with greatest care. Many persons particularly in the rural areas cannot give their a~ correctly. They should be assisted to state the correct age by stimulating their memory with refe­ rence to any historical event, .e'e. well-known in the area. Sometimes the age can be ascertained with reference to the age of another person of a known age that may be in the same household or in the neighbauring household or that of a well-known person of the village such as Headman of the village. A person can more easily say whether he was older or younger to such a person and by how many years. This will help you to record the age more accura.tely. Question 5 : Marital Status 41. In answering this question use the following abbreviations .' NM Never Married. M: Currently Married. W Widowed. S Separated or Divorced. 42. For a person who has never been married at any time before, write 'NM'. For a person currently married, whether for the first or another time and whose marriage is subsisting at the time of enumeration with the spouse living, write 'M'. Write 'M' also for persons who are recog­ nised by custom or society as married and for the persons in stable de facto union. Even if a marri­ age is disputed in the locality write 'M' if the person concerned says he or she is married or is in stable de facto union. For a widowed person whose husband or wife is dead, and who has not been married again, write 'W'. For a person who has been separated from wife or husband and is l~ving apart with no apparent intention of living together again or who has been divorced- either by a decree of a law court or by an accepted social or religious custom but who has not remarried, write'S'. For a prostitute return her marital status as declared by her. Question 6 : For currently married women only 43. This question has to be answered in respect of all currently-married women only, i.e., all women whose marital status is shown as 'M' against Q. 5. For all others a cross may be put through the two sub-parts of this question. 6(a) Age at marriage 44. Age at marriage: You should ascertain the age at which the currently married woman whom you are enumerating was married and record that age in completed years. If the currently married woman had been married more than once, the age at which she got married for the first time should be recorded. 6(b) Any child born in the last one year 45. Any child born in the last one year: You should ascertain if the currently married woman whom you are enum~ratilfg gave birth to a child in the last one year prior to the date of enumeration. Since it may be difficult for a person to reckon the exact year with reference to the English calendar dates, the period of one year may be ascertained with reference to a well-known festival day which falls close to Feb-March, as determined by the Census Superintendent of the State. You should ask if a child was born on or after this festival day last year to the date of enumeration. Only if the child was born alive, even if the child had died soon after birth, should the answer be 'Yes', to this question. Still birth, i.e., a child which is born dead slwuld not be taken into accourd for this purpose. S3 while you should make sure that every case of birth of child born alive, even if it is not alive on the date of enumeration, is reported, you should not reckon it if the ~ld was born lifeless. 46. It is common experience that the birth of the child may not be reported readily if the child is not actually surviving at the time of enumeration. Infant deaths are still h!gh in the country. There is a chance of a number of such cases being missed unless specifically questioned about them. It is necessary to record all live births even if the child had died soon thereafter or had not survived to the day of enumeration. Therefore, where the initial answer to this ques­ tion i~ 'no', you should ask a specific question if there has been a case of child having been born alive in the last one year and later dying before the enumeration date. This is a delicate ques­ tion and should be asked with tact in a manner not to offend the sensibility of the respondent; Where a currently married woman first answers that she had no child born in the last one year, you may perhaps question her as follows : "It has been found in some houses that a child was born and had died soon after or a few days or months later and such cases had not been reported. I t is my hope that there are no such cases here. Am I right?" This may bring in the required response. If she reports 'no' then you can be sure that no birth has been missed. You have to make sure that any live birth that has occurred to the cUr­ rently married woman in: the last one year is netted whether the child is surviving till the date of enl1meration or not. Similarly, probe to eliminate still births may be necessary. For example, when the answer is 'yes' under question 6(b) the enumerator might ask if the child is here in this bouse. If the answer is 'yes', no further question is needed. If 'no', the enumerator might ask where he has gone. The answ~r may be 'd,ead' or he has gone elsewhere. If 'dead' then th enmnerator might ask when did the child die andt his will bring out the fact whether or not it was a still birth. . 47. Write 'Yes', if the currently married woman had given birth to a live chiH from tl e prescribed festival day last year to the date of enumeration or 'no' if she had not. In case of 1.\\in or multiple births, write 2, 3, etc., as the case may be within round brackets after the entry 'Yes'. Note:-You may find on your revisional round from 1st to 3rd March, 1971 that a child is born to a married woman in a household after your last visit but before the sunrise of 1st Mar~h, 197.1: Yo.v. win h,~v;e to take this into account and correct the answer against the Q. 6 (b) accordingly. Yo~ ;tp~t enquire spec~fically if any such birth has taken place. While ignoring still birlhs all other births where the child was born alive even if it did not survive long should be taken into account. Question 7: Birth Place 48. Answer to this question has to be filled with reference to the place of birth of the persons enumerated and the particulars recorded under the four sub-items of this question. 7 (a) Place of Birth 49. Write 'PL' for a person bom in the village or town where he is being enumerated. Where 'PL' is noted against this question put 'X' against sub-items (b), (c) and (d). . For those bom outside the village or t6wn of enumeration write the actual name of the place aga,inst slIb-item (a) a,nd fill the other details againSt sub-items (b), (c) and (d).

'1 (~) Rural/Urban SO,. For those born outside the village or town of enumeration ascertain if the place of birth was a vIllage or ~own at the time of hi~ birth.. ~o enable a person to determine whether the place wa._s a town or a Villag~ he m'l.y ~e requlfed to mdlcate the status of th~ place of birth in co.nparison'· WIth a known town 1D the neIghbourhood of the place of enumeration. You may mention some important urban characteristics to enable the person to make out if the place of his birth was fural or urban, e;,g. existence of a local administrative body, Industrial townships declared as towns, etc. For a' person born in a village, write 'R'. For a person born in a town/city, write 'U'. 'For a Mrson born in a foreign country, put 'x' against this sdb-ih~m ahd also against sub-ikn (c). If all eftorts to classify the place of birth ac; rural/urban fail, write 'not known'. 7 (c) District 51. For a person born outside the village or town of enumeration but within tlie diStrict bf enumeration, write 'D'. For a person born in another district of the State of ehuhletation, orbther State/Union Territory in the country, write the name of the district. If the person cannot name the district, write 'not known'. . 7 (d) State/Country 52. For persons born within the State 6f enumeration, Write 'X' a.gru.rtst this item. Make sote that the earlier entries made in sub-items (a), (b) and (c) are consiStent With such an answer: that is 'PL' might have already been written against sub-item (a) or 'D' is written against sub­ item (e) or any other district of the State of enumeration is mentioned against sub-item (e). 53. For persons born outside the State of enumeration but Within the country, write the name of the StatefUnion Territory where born. 54. For those born outside India, note merely the name of the country and there is no need to enter the name of the constituent State of the.foreign country. Where a person carih'6t Ilartie the country, the name of the continent may be noted. 55. For a person born on sea, record 'born at sea', against this sub-item and put 'X' against sub-items (a), (b) and (e). If a person was born in a train, boat or bus, etc., Within the country. write the particulars in (a), (b) and (c) with reference to the adinihistrative temtdry where the event occurred or was registered. Question 8: Last Residence 56. Answer to this question will have to be :tilled in respect of every persOn if he had another place of normal residence irrespective of his place of birth, before he came to the present place where he is enumerated. Even If a person were born at the place of enumeration, by the nature of his work or for studies, etc., he had shifted subsequently to another villge or town and bad come back again to the place of enumeration, he should be deemed to ha'V'e had another place of residence prior to his enumeration here. The last previous residence is relevant only if he ha.d been outside the village or town of enu­ meration and not simply in another house or locality in the same place. For example, if a person born in one part of Bombay City is found residing in another part of Bombay at the time of enumeration, the change of residence should not be treated as change of place of residence 'because both the areas are comprised in the same City of Bombay. Similarly, a person borri in hai:lilet 1 of village Rampur and found in hamlet 2 of the same village at the. time of enumeration, shOuld not be deemed to have had any other place of residence than the viliage where he is· enumerated. Where a person had merely gone out to another place or had been shifting from place to place purely on tour or pilgrimage or for temporary business purposes, he shOuld not be deemed to have had another residence different from the place where he or his family normally resides but if the person had his normal residence, i. e., if his normal home had been elsewhere at any time before he is enumerated at his place of present residence, irrespective of Where he was born, such place arhis previous residence should be recorded here. :266

8. (R) Place of last residence .. 57. For a person who had been in the village or town of enumeration contil111ousJy since· birth (except for shifting to other places outside the. village or town of enumeration for:j. purely tem­ porary stay)write 'PL' against sub-item (a) and put 'X' against sub-items (b), (c) and (d). - For a person who had had his last previous residence at any place outside the village or town of enumeration (irrespective of his place of birth), writ~ the actual name of the ~illage or town where his last residence was against sub-item (a) and fill the other details against sub-items (~). : (c) and (d).

~ 8 '(b) Rural/Urban· 58. For a person who had previously resided outside the place of enumeration ascertain if the place of last previous residence was rural or urban and record the answer. For a person w.hose last previous residence was a village, write 'R'. For a person whose last previous residence was a town/city, write 'U' .. For a person who last resided in a foreign country, write 'X'. For a person ·whose last previous residence cannot be dassmed, write 'Not known'. Rural or Urban status has to be determined with reference to the time of migration fro~ the place of last previous residence to the place of enumeration. , For helping the person to determine whether a place was rural or urban, you may mention important urban characteristics as indicated in the instructions against item 7(b) in para 50.

8 (c) DistriCt 59. For a person who had previously resided in another place, i.e., for whom 'PL' is not written against sub-item (a) you have to fill in this item in the manner indicated below:__:_ . For a person who previously resided in another Yillage or town within the district of enumera­ tion, write 'D'. For a person who previously resided in another district of the StatefUnion Terri­ tory of enumeration or of other State/Union Territory in the country, write the name of the district. Ii he cannot name the district, write 'Not known'. For a person whose last previous residence Was outside India, write 'X' against this sub-item. 8 (d) State/Country 60. For a person whose last previous residence was outside the village or town of enumeration b~t within the State or Union Territory of enumeration, write 'X' against this item but if it was outside the State or Union Territory of enumeration but within the country, write the name of the State}Union Territory. For a person whose last previous residence was outside the country, write the name of the country, arid if name of the country is not forthcoming, ~Tite the name of the contment. For person~ who had not moved out at all from the present place of enumeration from birth .(except for purely temporary stay) this sub-item need not be filled and 'X' should be put in respect of persons against this srib-item~ Question 9: Duration of Residence at the vi11a~e or town of Enumeration 61. Note here the period of the existing continuous residence in the village or town where -the person is being enumerated, in completed years. This will apply to even a person born at the place of enumeration.. If he bad left this village or town and had lived elsewhere for sometime, i.e., in: Q. 8 another place of last residence is reported and has come back again to this village or town,· then the duration of residence to be noted against this question is the period of the last con-:­ ~uous residence. But if a person had been away on a temporary visit or tour, etc., that should 267 not bt' taken as a break in the period of his continuous residence here. If the person was born at the place of enumeration and also had no other place of last residence, i.e., 'PL' has be~ noted in Q. S(a), then 'X' may be put against Q. 9. For a person whose duration of continuous residence at the place of enumera~ion is less than 1 year. it should be noted as '0'. Question to: Religion 62. In answering this question use the following abbreviations: H : Hinduism I : Islam C : Christianity S: Sikhism B: Budhism J : Jainism for others record the actual religion as returned fully. 63. If a person says that he has no religion it may be recorded accordingly. Do not mistake religion for caste which will not be rcorded here. Question 11: Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe 64. You have been furnished with a list of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes notified tor your State. Ascertain if the person enumerated belongs to a scheduled caste or scheduled tribe and if he does, then record the name of the scheduled caste or scheduled tribe which should find place in the list furnished to you. The answer should be recorded against the correct rectangle provided for the purpose against this question. For a person who is not a m ~ nb::!r of any sch::!duled caste or scheduled tribe write 'X' in both the rectangles. 65. If the person belonging to a scheduled caste or scheduled tribe returns his caste or tribe by synonym or generic name of a caste or a tribe it should be entered only if it finds a pla.ce in the list furnished to you. Do not write the names of scheduled castes in general terms as 'Harijan' or 'Achhut'. You should ascertain the name of the caste when it is returr~ed and write it in the rectangle provided for recording the name. Similarly, do not write the names of scheduled tribes in general term as 'Adivasi'. You should ascertain the name of the tribe when it is returned and write it in the rectangle with broken lines provided for recording the same. If a person is negligent and insists on calling himself merely 'Harijan' or 'Achhut' or 'Adivasi', as the case may be, tell him. that this description is not adequate for census purposes and persuade him to give out the actual name of the caste or tribe. You should make all efforts to ascertain the correct name of the scheduled caste or scheduled tribe as found in the notified list. If the person merely claims to be a scheduled caste or scheduled tribe but says that he does not belong to any of the notified communi­ ties applicable to the area, he will not be entered as a scheduled caste or scheduled tribe. 66. Scheduled castes can belong only to the Hindu or Sikh religions. If a person belongs to scheduled caste, there will be either 'H' or '5' in the answer to question 10. Scheduled tribes may belong to any religion. Question 1·2: Literacy (L or 0) 67. _Definition of a U~ef'ate: A person who can both read a.nd write with understanding in any language 1S to be taken as literate. A person who can merely read but cannot write is not a literate. 68. It is not necessary that a person who is literate should have received any formal edu­ cation 0]1 should have passed any minimum educational standard.. 268

69; For a person who is literate, i.e., who can both read. and write, record 'L' in the triangle against question 12. If there is any doubt about a person's ability to read 01' write, the testthat may be applied for reading is his/her ability to read any portion of the printed matter in the Enu­ merator's Instructions and similarlv for writing he{she should be able to write a simple letter. Ability merely to sign one's name i~ not adequate to qualify a person as being able to write with understanding. If a person claims to be literate in some other language with which the enumerator is not acquainted, the respondent's word has to be taken as correct. Other members of. the house­ hold may also be· able to testify to' the literacy of the person enumerated. 70. For a. person who is illiterate, i.e., who can neither read nor write or can merely read but cannot write, in any language, write '0' in the triangle against question 12. All children of the age of 4 years or less should be treated as illiterate even if the child is going to a scbool and may bave picked up reading and writing a few odd words.

Question 13 : Educational level 71. This question will be asked of those for whom 'V has been recorded a'5ainst question . 12. For a person who is illiterate and '0' has been put against him in the answer to question 12, there is no advantage in ascertaining the educational level even if he had at some stage attended sehool and passed a standard and had relapsed into illiteracy. In such a. case you should put 'X'. You have to ascertain and record the highest educational level attained by a person for whom 'L' is re­ corded in answer to question 12. . 72. For a: person who is still studying in a particular class, the highest educational level attained by bim will be one that he has actually passed and not the one in which he is stUdying. For example, a person studying in 1st year B.A. should be recorded as only 'PUC' or 'Higher Secondary', as the case maybe. Similarly, a person studying, say, in the 4th year of 'MBBS' should not be-­ noted as 'MBBS' but as Srd year 'MBBS' which is the highest level he has actually attained. If you are not sure whether a person bas passed Primatj, Middle, Higher Secondary or other definite levels, you may record the actual standard passed such as say IIIrd standard, VIIIth standard, 1st year B.Com., etc. The highest educational level attained by the person enumerated should be recorded. When a person holds both general and technical qualifications both of which are of equivalent level such as say B.Sc. (Zoology) and M.B.B.S. or B.A. (Maths.) and B.E. (Bachelor in Engineering), the teehnical qualifica.tion should be given preference in recording the highest educational level attained . .Where the general educationa1level is higher than the technical educational level or where it is not possible to decide which of the two levels is relatively higher, the highest level of education as returned by the person concerned should be recorded. In recording the highest educational level of a graduate or a post-graduate, subject of speciali­ sation such as B.Sc. (Maths.), M.A. (Economics), M.Sc. (Botany),' B.Sc. (Agriculture), etc. should· be noted. You should not use abbreviations which are not in common use. In such' cases' the degree or diploma should be spelt out fully. ' 73. Whenever you come across graduates or post-graduates as also those with a techni 1 diploma or degree, you will have to issue him a "Degree-hOlder and Technical Personnel Ca:r~~' and ask the person concerned to :fill it. You should note the location code on the card while issuin it. Put a tick (~) after noting the educational level against question 13 immediately after l' g issue a card. When you collect it after some time but before you complete the enumeratio o~ your area, cross the tick and put a circle as ( ). n 0 ~69

'You will have to ensure that the card issued to all the graduates and the technical degree or diploma holders are collected back.' _The non-crossed tick, if any, against question 13 will show that' 'the card has not been collected. Questibn 14:: Mother-tongue 74. Definition: Mother-tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person's mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person's home in childhood will be the mother-tongue. In the case of infants and deaf mutes the language usualy spoken by the mother shall be recorded. 75. Record mother-tongue in full whatever be the name of the language as returned and avoid use ot abbreviations. You are not expected to determine if the language returned by a person is the dialect of another major language and so on. You should not try to establish any relation­ ship between religion and mother-tongue. You are bound to recora the language as returned by the person as his mother-tongue aM you should not enter into any argument with him anrl try to record any­ thing other than what is returnea. If you have reason to suspect that in any area due t~ any orga­ nised movement, mother-tongue was not being truthfully returned, you should record the mother­ tongue as actually returned by the respondent and make a report to your superior Census Officers for verification. You are not authorised to make, any correction on your own. Question 15: Other languages 76. After recording the mother-tongue in question 14 enquire whether the person knows any other language(s), Indian or foreign and record la~uage(s) returned by him ~ainst this question. In case he does not know any langaage apart from his mother-tongue put 'X' against this question. 77. The number of languages recorded under this question need not be more than twa. These languages should be other than his mother-tongue and they should be recorded in the ordet in which he speaks and understands best and can use with understanding in communicating with otbers. He need not necessarily be able to read and write these 1anguages. It is enoug~ if he has a working knowledge of these subsidiary languages to enable him to converse in that language with, understanding. Question 16 : Main ActlYity 78. Every person will be asked what his main activity is, that is how he engages himself mostly: For the purpose of this question, aU persons will get themselves divided into· two broad streams of main activity namely, (1) as workers and (2) as nou-workers according as the type of main activity that the person returns himself as engaged in mostly. 79. 'Worker' defined: A 'worker' is a person whose main activity is participation in any economically productive work by his physical or mental activity. Work involves not only actual wolk but effective supervision and direction of work. SO. Reference periods : The reference period is one week prior to the date of enumeration in the case of regular work in trade, profession, service or business. If a person had participated in any such regular work on anyone of the days duriug his reference period and this has been returned as his main activity, the person will be categorised accordingly. A person who norm~lly works but has been absent from work during this reference period on account of illness or travd, holiday, temporary breakdown, strike, etc., the person should be treated as engaged in regUlar woril' in which he would have otherwise been employed but for his temporary absence. Persons UD­ der training such as apprentices with or without stipends or wages should be considered .as econo. mically active and recorded as working. A person who has .nerely been offered work but has Dot actually joined it, is not to be treated as engaged i!l work. 270

- 8t. There are certain types of works which are not carried on throughout the year such as culti'Vation, livestock keeping, plantation work, some types of household industry, etc. A peron's main activity should be ascertained with reference to such work in the last one year even if he was not economically active in the week prior to enumeration. It is likely that even when a p~r­ son is engaged in some other work during the period of one week prior to the date of enumeration, the main activity of the person may be cultivation, agricultural labour or some other work atten­ ded to normally by him in the course of the year. Care must be taken to see that the main activity is properly ascertained in such cases. For example, a person's main activity may be agricultural· labour and in the week prior to enumeration he may be engaged as a sugarcane factory labourer or as a road cooly. He should be categorised for his main activity as agricultural labourer only as returned by him as he engages himself mostly in that work and the other work should be treated as his subsidiary work. 82. A man or woman who is engaged primarily in household duties such as cooking for own household or performing one's own household duties or a boy or a girl who is primarily a student attending institution, even if such a person helps in the family economic activity but not as a full time worker should not be treated as a worker for the main activity. On the other hand, if a: per­ son is primarily engaged in some economic activity but at the same time does also attend to some household chores or attends a night school, ~., he or she should be treated basically as a worker for the main activity and categorised accOrdingly. 83. A person who merely receives an income such as a rent receiver or a pensioner who does not have to work for receiving the income, will not be treated as economically active unless the person is also engaged in some economic activity and if that activity is returned as the main activity of the individual. Q.,16(8) Broad Oategory (I) . Worker (0, AL, HHI,OW)(ll) Non-worker (H,ST,R, D, B, I, 0). 84. The main activity returned by the p'erson will entitle him to be categorised either as a worker in 16(a) (i) or as a non-worker under 16(a) (ii). 16(8): (i) Worker (0, AL, HBI, OW) 85. Where the main activity of a person qualiftes him to be treated as a worker he should be further categorised according to the type of work and one of the appropriate abbreviations indicated against this question should be entered in the box provided for the purpose. If the person is not engaged in any economic activity an 'X' should be noted in the box. The abbrevia­ tions to be used for workers are explained below :

C : CULTIVATOR 86. For a person who returns his main activity as working as a CUltivator, the abbreviation 'C' should be used. 87. Definition of Cultivat01: For purposes.of the census a person is working as Cultivator if he or she is engaged in cultivation by oneself or by supervision or direction in one's capacity as the owner or lessee of land held from Government or as a tenant of land held from private per­ sons or institutions for payment of money, kind or share. 88. Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing and harvesting and production of cereals and millet crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, etc., and pulses, raw jute and kindered fibre crop, cotton, etc., and other crops such as sugar-cane, groundnuts, tapioca, etc., and does not in­ ~lude fruit-growing, vegeta~le-growing or keeping orchards or groves or working of plantatioili like tea, coffee, rubber, CInchona and other medicinal plantations. . 271

89.· A person who merely owns land but has given out land to another person or persons· for cultivation for money, kind or share of crop and who does not even supervise or direct cultiva­ tion of land, wil1 nDt be treated as working as cultivator. Similarly, a person working in another person's land for wages in cash, kind or share (Agricultural labourer) will not be treated as culti­ vator in this question.

AL: AGRICULTURAL LABOURER 90. A person who returns his main activity as engaged as agricultural labourer, the abbre­ viation 'AL' should be used in the box. 91. Definition of an Agricultural Labourer: A person who works in another person's land for wages in money, kind or share should be regarded as aq agricutural labourer. He has no risk in the cultivation but he merely works in another person's land for wages. The labourer could have no right of lease or contract on land on which he works. H.H.I.: HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY 92. For a person who returns his main activity as engaged in some production, processing, servicing or repair of articles of goods such as, say, handloom weaving, dying, carpentry, bidi roll­ ing, pottery manufacturer, bicycle repairing, blacksmithy, tailoring, etc., it has to be ascertained if it is a household industry, and if so, it should be indicated by the abbreviation 'HHl' in the box. 93. Definition of a Household Industry A Household Industry is defined as an industry conducted by the Head of the household him­ self/herself and/or mainly by the members of the household at home or within the village in ruI:a1 areas and only within the premises of the house where the household lives in urban areas. The industry should not be run on the scale of a registered factory. 94. The main criterion of a Household Industry is the participation of one or more members ot a household. This criterion should apply to urban areas too. Even if the industry is not actully located at home in rural areas there is greater possibility of the members of the household parti­ cipating even if it is located anywhere within the village limits. In the urban areas where organised industry takes greater prominence, the Household Industry should be confined to the precincts of the house where the participants live. In urban areas even if the members of the household by themselves run an industry but at a place away from the precincts of their home it will not be considered a household industry. It should be located within the precincts of the house where the members live. 95. A Household Industry should relate to production, processing, servicing, repairing or making and selling (but not merely selling) of goods. It does not include professions such as a pleader or doctor or barber, musician, dancer, waterman, dhabi, astrologer, etc., or merely trade or business, even if such professions, trade or services arf? run at home by members of household. A list of a few typical Household Industries is appended to thp.se instructions at Appendix III. 00. Sometimes it is likely that the person who may not be working in his own Household Industry may be working as a petty employee in another Household Industry. You should, there­ fore, enquire whether the person who is not working in his own Household Industry is w(\rkin ~ in any other Household Industry as an employee and record as Pi![ instructions given abOF!.

OW: OrHER W(lRKERS 97. If a person gives his main activity as engaged in any other WJrk w:lich is not cultivatioa agriculturallabDur or· household Industry, this ml.y be indicated by merely noting 'OW' in the box. The type of workers that may come under the 'Other Workers' category are factory workers, 'Z12

those working in trade or transport, all Government servants, municipal employees, teachers, mining workers, political or social workers, building labourers, etc., etc. In effect, all types,. of econo­ mic activity not covered by culitvation. agnculturallabour or household industry will come under this residual category. Workers engaged in plantation or forestry should not be treated as cultivators or agricultural labourers but as 'Other workers'. 98. Further details pertaining to this 'Other' category of workers, as also those engaged in household industry. will be recorded in the subsequent sub-parts (b) to (f) of question 16. 16(a)(U) Non-worker (H, ST, R, D, B, I, 0) 99. As was stated earlier, question 16 is intend~d to ascertain the main activity of every individual whether he or she is economically active or not. While 16(a) (i) helps to broadly cate~ gories all those who have returned some work as their main activity, 16(a) will help to categorise tbose Whose main activity is not engaged in any economically productive work, but are basi­ cally non-workers. These may be categorised under seven broad heads whose abbreviations a,re indicated against this question. The appropriate abbreviation will have to be entered in the bote Tfl'ovided. The abbreviations are explained below:

H : HOUSEHOLD' DUTIES 100. This covers all those persons basically engaged in unpaid home duties doing no other work, or even if such a person may also be participating in some other work, it is not to the same extent as a whole-time worker and if the person has returned his or her main activity as attend­ ing to household duties. The m~n activity of such a person should be entered as 'H'. If a per. son whose main activity is attending to household duties, also engages oneself in some other eco' nomic activity such as helping in family cultivation or preparing cowdung cakes at odd times fat sale, etc., that economic activity will be covered as secondary work under question 17. On the other' hand, a woman who works primarily as a factory worker or a plantation labourer or an agricultural labourer, or in some office or shop PtG. and also attends to household duties, obviously her main activity will be the economic activity in which she is mostly engaged in and should not be categorised as 'H' for her main activity in this question. She should have been treated basi­ cally as a worker and her main economic activity should have been recorded against 16(a) (i).

ST: STUDl,NT 101. This refers to those whose main activity is returned as a student. This will cover all full-time students or children attending school. Even if such persons participated in some work but not to the same extent as a full-time worker. by merely helping casually as an unpaid family worker in family cultivation, household industry, trade or business, they should be treated primarily as students, if that is their main activity. 'ST' should be entered in the box. The other econo­ mic activity, if any, that such persons attend to will be reflected under question 17 as secondary work.

R: RETIRED PERSON OR A RENTlER 102. A person who has retired from service and is doing no other work, i.e., not employed again in some full-time work or does not engage himself in some other work as cultivation, in busi­ ness, trade, etc., or a pc:rson who is a rentier or living on agricultural or non-agricultural royalty, rent or dividend or any other person of independent means for securing which he does not have to work, will c\>me under this category. 'R' should be noted in the box for a person coming under this:, category. 273

D : DEPENDENT 103. This category will include all depemlents such as infants or children not attending school or a person permanently disabled from work because of illness or old age. If a girl or an old woman attends to household duties she should be categorised under 'H' for her main activity rather than 'D'. Dependents will iriclude all non-workers even if able-bodied who have no other activity com­ ing under any of the categories of non-workers and who are not seeking any work either but are purely dependent.

B : BEGGARS, ETC. 104. This will cover beggars vagrants, or such cases as independent women without indication of souroe of income and those of unspecified sources of subsistence and who are not engaged in any economically productive work.

I. INSTITUTIONS 105. This will cover convicts in jails or inmates of a penal, mental or charitable institution, even if such persons are compelled to do some work such as carpentry, carpet weaving, vegetable growing, etc., in such institutions. An under-trial prisoner in a jail should not, however, be brought under this category but has to be indicated according to the main activity he was engaged in before he was apprehended. Inmates of such institutions will be noted as '1'. 0: OTHER NON-WORKERS 106. This will include all non-workers who may not come under any of the six categories above but are seeking work; they should be noted as '0' 'in the box. A boy or girl who has completed education or has stopped stud}ing and is seeking work, will come under this category. If a person is merely spending his time at home as a dependent and is not doing any work, and is not seeking any work will come under 'D' rather than '0'. A persall irrespective of age and whether educated or not, if he reports that he is not engaged in any other activity but is seeking work will come under this category. 107. If the main activity of the person who is enumerated does not qualify a person to be treated as a worker and he does not fall under any of the four broad categories of workers covered by 16(a) (i) and an 'X' has been put in the box against that question, then he must necessarily be categorised under anyone of the seven broad types of non-workers and the appropriate abbreviation entered in the box opposite to question 16(a)(ii). Conversely if a person has already been treated as a worker and his main activity has been indicated in the box against question 16(a) (i), then question . 16(a)(ii) will not apply to the person and an 'X' should be put in the box against question 16(a)(ii). Thus 16 (a}(i) and 16 (a)(ii) are mutually exclusive. Q. 16 (b) to 16 (f> 108. These sub-parts of question 16 will have to be filled only to describe the details of the house­ hold industry or other work indicated against question 16 (a)(i), If the main activity has been shown as 'C' or 'AL' against 16(a) (i), there is no need to give the details of the cultivation or agri­ cultural labour in these sub-sections. 109. SImilarly, if the main activity of an indiVIdual has been returned as a nOll-worker against 16(a) (ii), sub-sections (b) to (j) will not apply and a 'X' may be put right across all these questlOns. Q. 16 (b): Place of work (Name of village/town) 110. Ascertain from each person who is already taken as a worker other than in cultivation or agricultural labour, M., question 16(a)(i) has been answered as HHI or OW, the village or town 274 .

where he or she works. If the place of work is the same as the village or town of enume~ation write 'PL'. In all other cases you should write the 1}ame 01 the place fully. If a per~on bas no fixed place of work such as, say, a travelling vendor of vegetables or a pedlar or a rickshaw puller who may go from one village or town to another, note 'No fixed place of work'. If he works in one particular town or village that should be noted.

Q. 16(c): Name of Establishment Ill. This question and the subsequent sub-sections of question 16 need not b~ answere3 {or cultivators and agricultural labourers who are already noted as 'C' or 'AL' against question (16) (a)(i). .

Record here the exact name of the factory, firm, work~shop, bu~iness house; companr, shop, tlffice etc., and in respect of public offices you should clearly indicate whether they are Central ?r State Government or local body offices, etc. If the establishment does not have any definite name such as, say, in the case of a household industry like hand pounding of rice, gur making, bee keeping, handloom weaving, potter's house, blacksmithy, etc., note 'No particular name'. .

Q. 16(d): Nature of Industry, TraeJe, Profession or Service 112. The answer to this question will have to be adequately pre~ise to enable proper classi­ tication of the sector of eco~omy in whicu the person is working. The sector of economy in which a person works may relate to (i) Plantation, Forestry, Fishing, LivestOck, etc., (ii) Mining and/or Quarrying, (iii). Manutacturing, (iv) Construction, (v) Ele.ctricity, Gas or Water Supply, (vi) Tmns­ port and Communications, ('Vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Professions and Services. Fu11 details ot the type of industry, trade-profession or service in which the person is engaged will have to be recorded here. To help you to appreciate the details that may have to be furnished to· classify the economic activity appropriately, substantial deSCription of various economic activities are furnished in Appendix IV, categorised under certain broad classifications. The list in Appendix IV is not exhaustive. You shall have to describe the nature of Industry, Profession, Trade or Ser­ vice whatever it is, in as precise a detail as possible.

Q. 16(e): Description of work

113. This question has to be filled up for all persons for whom t.he main activity is shown as IHHI' or 'OW' in question 16(a)(i) and for whom you should have also to answer the other sub­ sections of question 16. Under this question, the description of the actual work that the person enumerated is doing is to be recorded irrespective of which type of industry, trade, profession or service he may be working and which is already recorded under question 16(d). His actual work should also be given in sufficient detail. If for example a person is merely recorded as say, clerk with no other details, it will be impossible to properly categories him as to the type of work h.e does. He may be a clerk attending to correspondence or book keeping or accounting. Similarly if a person were merely to be recorded as a mechanic, it will not help to determine what type of mechanic-electrical mechanic, or a motor mechanic or a locomotive mechanic, etc., he is. The description of the actual work done by a person should be ascertained in adequate detail and recorded against this question.

] 14. To guide you in answering question 16(e), the types of particulars that need to be ascer­ lained in respect of a few typical occupations are given in Appendix V.

Appendix V is by no means exhaustive. This just illustrates the need to ascertain the full" details of the particulars of work performed by an individual for being recorded against question ... l6(e). 275

115. 'It has been found in the past that substantial number ot persons aTe recorded merely ~ gclieral labourrits. J.t is necessary to .make a p~ob~ and filid out in whl.eh type of work he is. mostly engaged as a labourer such as, s:ty, a road coolie, a loa1er or unloa1-ef at a m:~rket, a con')trnction labllWftt7ett".. ", 116. "Fol'.thoSe in Military, service it is enoughif it is merely noted .as 'in the setvi~ of. the c'entral GQvernJn~t'. Other details n~d not be given. .' GtIiIer.al:

'" 1;11:' The~ need· be nt; cOllftision as it; the' scope' of '16' (tl)· and' 16(e,; ,0 16(4)'would' represent· m~' ruthire' of industry, trade; prOfession"or:; serviie;' i,e,; thtdiel

Explatlatlolf~ .. 119. An' Employer- is a person who has to employ other persons in order to perform the work eJrtered·in1q_u$tion 16(e). That is to say, 'such a person is not only responsible for his own per­ sonalworktbut 8lso for giving work to'others in business mentioned in question 16(e). But a person Who employs' ,dOlPc$tic &eTV'apts fQr household ~uties or has· s\l1JQrdilllltes up.der lli~ in <\-n off\~ w'here he i!'l employed by others, is not employer, even if he has the power to employ allother person in his office on behalf of his own employer or employers. 120. An Emnloyee is a person who usually works under some other person for salary or, wage.' In cash ("Ir kind. There mav be persons who are employed as .managers, superintendents, agents. ete. and in that capadtv ~mploy or control other workf'I's on behalf of their own employers. Such per!'lnns a.rp onlv emplovees, as explained 'above, and should not be regarded as employers. :121. A ~ine-Je Worker for the purpose of question 16(n is a person who works by .himself. Ifp i~ not eninlnved by anyone else and in his trun does ilot employ anybody else,' not eV:'fl members of }ljs hotlsehold except casually. This definaition of a Single Worker will inclbde a person who wnrks in iOint partnership with one or several persons hiring no enployees, and also a member of 1'1' producer's co-operative.' Eacli one of the partners or members of such producers' . co-operatives ShOlllt'l be' recorded as 'Single Worker'. 122. A familv Worker is a member who works whithout receiving wages in cash or kind, in an . i'nnil!';tr'7. business. trane or service. For example, the working members in a family of Dkobies w"f'rf' thev al1 participate and each does not receive wages separately will be family workers~ There mav he familv workers in industry, trade or professions as well. For the purpose of this definition memher<: of a family may he drawn rroin-heyond the limits of 'the household by ties of blood or mar· ria!."". The f;l.milv worker may not he entitled to a share of the profits in the work of the business carried on either by the person or Head of the Household or other relative. 12.":t Members 'of the household who help solely in household dllties should not be treated as family workers. '. 124 .. · In the case of persons engaged in household industry, i.e., in the case of persons for whom .the an~w~r to question 16(a) (i) is 'HHI', there will be three dasses of workers, viz., Family Worker, Single Worker and Employee. There will be no Employer. Household industry by its very defi­ nition is conduded by the head of the ,household himself orland other members of the household, the role of hired workers being secondary. If the head alongwith the members of the household is working in a household industrv employing hired workers, the head and other members who are working should he treated as 'Family workers'. If the head alone is working with the assistance nf hired worker (s) whose role would be secondary as indicated above, he would be treated as a 'single worker'. Some illustrations for filling the questions 16 or 17 are given in Appendix VI. Q. 17. Secondary Work 125. This question should be asked of every person whether he has returned some work as his main activity agaist 16(a) (i) or had returned himself under any of the basically non-working categories against question 16(a) (ii). As was noted earlier, 16 ,(a) (ii) will cover cases like persons performing household duties or students who may not be engaged in any otlier economically pro­ ductive work at all, as also those who, though basically are performing household duties or stu­ dents, etc., for the purpose of their main activity, still participated in some other economic activities ~uch as helping the household in several items of work, as in cultivation or in household industry or in looking after the cattle, in attending to family business, etc., but not to the extent as a full­ time worker. Such participation will be considered as se.condary work of these persons. 126. Ask of each person if, besides what he had: already returned as his/her main activity· a~ainst questions 16(a) (i) or 16(a)(ii), he/she participated in any secondary ·work. A number of unpaid family workers participating in the household. enterprises, who. might have .returned th~pl~elv~s mainly as 'H' or 'ST' or 'R' under question 16 (a) (ii) ,~or tbeir main activity will bl; netted here for their economic activity which is subsidiary. Mere rendering of service for one's own home or production of goods for purely domestic consumption are not to be treated as ~onomic activity. For example, . a servant who works as a cook in his or her employer's home for wages will be considered economically active but, a housewife, · even if she may work much more than a paid servant, in having to cook for the family or looking after the househpld will not be treated as economically active for the purpose of this classification. Similarly, women who may produce cloth on a loin loom at home for domestic consumption will not be treated ~ economically active unless the products are sold and the household derives an , income. Participation in work that goes to augment the income of the household will only be ., treated as economic activity. A boy whose main activity is shown as a student under 16 (a)(ii) , · can have the secondary work of, say, cultivation, if he helped the head of the household in the family cultivation during some part of the sea.son. But if a girl student, whose main activity is shown as's"r under 16(a)(ii), also helped in weaving cloth purely for domestic consumption on a loin 100m at home, or helped in attending to household chores, she will not be treated as having any secondary work. Secondary work will be reckoned only if the person is engaged in some economic · activity even if margimi.l in addition to whatever is the main activity under question 16. A person whose main activity is shown as, say a clerk in a Government Office or a teacher under queation 16, also attends to some cultivation by his direct supervision, or undertakes some tution, this will be shown as secondary work under question 17. A person's main activity II).ay be cultivation in question 16 and his subsidiary activity money lending in question 17. Again main activity may'be agricultural labour and subsidiary work suger factory labourer and so on and so ~orth.; 127. ,The instructions for the usage of abbreviations in categorising workers under 16(a)(i) and filling in the details under 16(b) to (f) will apply mutatis mutandis to question 17(a}- to (D. except that while question 16(a) (i) will cover the main work, Q. 17 (a) is intended to cover secondary , work which may be possibly part-time. It may also be noted that the non~working categories of activity will not be reported as secondalY work under question 17. 128. A few slips showing specimen entries appear as Appendix VII and some illustra.tions for recording answwers against Q.16 are given in Appendix VI. You are advised to study these specimen entries and illustrations before starting actual enumeration and also consult these and ~e ins~uG-o tions whenever you are in doubt in recording any answer during field operation. POPULATION RECORD

129. Soon after you complete the enumeration of all the persons lD the household you are expected to transfer certain items of information of all the lDdividualmcmbers of each house­ hold to the Population Record. Population Record form IS repruduced you LO chec~ W iL.ll the members of the househ()ld and verify ir.al! the persons qualified to be enuml!rated m the househuld have been fully enumerated. - 'the P?ptilation Hecord forms wo,uld have been supplied to you in convenient books and . each page Wlll normally take the entries,of _one household. However; if ill a large household ther' are more,. number of persons. than . whaf_:. a: single Population Record. form can a ccommo d ae.t you may continue the entnes on the next fO(lll hut no~e boldly ali the top of the conti ued P ulan' Record as "Con~inued".·· _ _n 'A oX? _on The Population-Record hardly calls for any detailed;expianaticlJi.,,6n the top of ,eackfortB. .. please note correctly the Location Code No. and the Household No; It isimportant'that YQunote the Household No. correctly as has been explained in paragraphs 24 to 28- of thestfi'~&uetions. Do not fail to note boldly "INST" in respect of in<;titutional' households as explained in: para- graph 27 and "0" in respect of houseless households as explained in paragraph 28._ ; , , You will be required to furnish information in the Enumerator's Abstract on the. total;num­ ber of occupied residential houses, the census households, the institutional, h01:1Scholds and- house­ less households in your block with reference to the entries m3.de ·in this Population ,Rel»rd. So please make sure that you have entered the Househpld No. correctly as this will guide' Y(lU in posting the required particulars in the Enumerator's Abstract. 'At the right hand,side-~be1ow the Household No., you will have to record information if the household belongs to SLe.ls.T. You would have already ascertained if the head ol the household belongs to a Schedu-Ied--,Gaste{ .' Scheduled Tribe with reference to Question 11 of ;the Individual Slip .. If the head ·-be}t>-l!gS· to any S.C./S.T., write S.C.,S.T. as the case may be. and also the name of S.C./S.T. to' }Vbi~h tlie head of the household belongs. , 'The columns in the ID'lin body of the Population Record are self-explanatory: You 'have to post them with ·reference to the information you have collected of each member' ot the' house- . hold in the Individual Slip against the relevant questions. However, column 9 of the 'Popllla-. tion Record may require some explanation. For those who have returned themselves' as wol;'­ kers fo,:, :their. main activity against Question 16(a)(i) of. the Individual Slip, while.you.tnaY note :t', 'AL'.a.s the ~ase may ·be, as recorded iu the ;box against Question 16(a)(i), iri'ce;ipecl ..of :-thQse c:>t}:J.er 1;han. cultivators and agricultural labourers,. you may please indicate briefl:y the idesQi-puon .. -9f ,wprk, as J:~cord~d. in .Que:;;tion l.6(e) of the . lodividu.al Slip. For those ~ho have.,ret.__ ed themselves as non-workers _for their main activity you ·may note the same abbreviation a.s·re~r· ded against Question 16(a)(ii).

ENUMERATION OF HOUSELESS, POPULATION 130. You must complete tIle enumeration of all the persons in all the ho.~eholGls. in -your jurisdiction behHfn ](;th 'February and 28th February, 1971. During this period you should also take note of the possible places ide pavm:ents <.r in q;tn hmple mandaps and the like. On the night of 28th February, 1971 .you will have to quickly cover all such house less population and ~numerate thJml. If there. is likely to be a very large r,umber of houseless persons in your jurisdiction whom you ·D;lay not ,be able to enumerate single bar.ded in one night you should report to your supervisor so t,bat .Qne or more extra enumerators may be deputed to as~ist you in the one niGht enumeratiQn of ~uch houseless person. You should keep partjq,l1ar .watch on the ~arge settlements of; llollWlic population who are likely tocamp on t.he out~kirts of villages. These ~ple will hav,e .to ·.be covered on the ~8th February. You should of course make sure that t,4ey ·have not ,~n enumerated elsewhere. As per instructions in para 28 you should record '0' in bold . letters for houseless persons in the space provided for household number•

. R$VISIONAL ROUND

,131. tn the ne~t three days, te., ~rom 1st March,. 1971 to !lid March. 1911, you -wil1 have.:to ·,«visit·all the households in your juriSdiction and eJ,lumerate .any new births that hi!-d. -t_Uen ,.place after your last visit but before the sunrise 01 lst March, 1971 and any visitor(s) thQtbaci n.c.\l(d ir,10 tte l.(uHl.cld ad \\ho had been away frGin his/their place of ilonna! residence ~bro1J€1.cut H.e o;.un.erati(n period, i.e., f:rem lOth FebIuary to 1st March, 19'71 or an enijrt I It: : :. • _ ,.. "I!.01l!ehold that has-movedointo- your jurisdiction during this period and had not been entITft"rated ,anywhere·,before.· In ·respect of-every -new birth make sure that you correct the entry ill questi'on 6(b). Please also ·see the:'note under. para 47. You Will have to ascertain if any death(s) had taken place in ariy of the househPlds between yout las~ visit and the sunrise of 1st Match, 1911, and cross out the individual slip' of the dead person writing boldly· across it as 'Died. .If-s'uch a deceased person was recorded as 'Head of the Household' then you'will'have to · ::find out whQ is recognised as 'Head' in that household after the deceased person. Accordingly, :,you-will have to.put 'Head'in'Q~ 2 in the indiVidual slip'of the person who is now recognised as 'Head' and correct the 'telationship of all members of the household in their respective indivi­ dual slips, with reference to their relationship with 'Head' now recognised.

Consequential changes in the Pop~a,tion Record shall also'have to' be- made byyou. If . you .have exhausted the entire population record for recording the particulars of ajly hO~Ee­ hold and it becomes necessary to record a new birth ·or any visitor you' will ·fill in. another ·popu­ lation record form in continuation taking care that the location code, etc., are noted on the 1?eCond , 'form'properly. 'The· serial, numbering. in the succeeding form for the household should be ip . "contiHuation' of the: lastceenal'ntmlber of the earlier sheet- relating to that household.

,ENUMERATOR'S DAILY POSTING STATEMENT .. 182. Each day you will have to carefully post the information on certain items of each 'In:dividual Slip ,in the prescribed posting forms which 'have been supplied to you. Do not ~ rulow this 'work tli fall iil:to arrears. .• You are .likely to· commit-errors if you tried to post i>articula'rs 'of a: large number 6f'-persons -after the lapse of more than one -n of the,enumeration for the day. This will make you work lighter -and avOid -a'Ceumnlation and pressure of work at the end and consequent errors in posting. Se­ parate posting forms have been provided for Males and Females. and you should take care to P0st particulars of a person in the. right. form. This will make it easier to strike the total of ~ach sex · and post the statements. The totals can be struck -after the entries are brought up-to-date soon · alter. you complete the enumeriLtien of houseless persons and you have also accounted for the births and' deaths since your last visit·at the revisional round. You will observe that the infor· .mation to be posted pertains to the items against which geometrical designs are found in the ,Individual Slip such as the one relating to Q.3 Sex, Q. 11 Scheduled CasttijScheduled Tribe, J~.12 Literacy, Q.16·(a)(i) and 16(a)(ii) Worker or. Non-worker. It is necessary that you should fill the Posting Statement with, the greatest care . . ' : ,133.-, Fust oLall you should enter Loca.tion Code, Name of the village/town, Enumerator's ·;Dleek;'lIiSo. ~No~lott-ec1.to you). .and your. name (enwnerator's) in all the Posting Statements. Then &tart making .relevant, entries in the Posting Statements taking· care that. you enter "particulairs'tor .'imales'.in Males Posting_ Statement (Form M) and for 'female:;' in Females Post- ing Statement (Form F). . ,134. You are .advised to make entries in a sequenGe starting with lowest Pad No. used by .,ytIU startlng.withSlip No; 1 in each Pad so as to avoid dupliGation or missing of anyentIies. BOUl ·tl.e-·stattMEntsare-similar except that one is meant for 'Males and the other for.Females. You !;hculd lid fill~up Col. 1 (Final Serial No.) at the first instance. This col. will be filled after the U.'visi(Jual I(Jund, i.e., a~ter you have bIough\ the coun, up-,o-date with referenee to:sunrise of · 1st Mirrch 1971 (see para i31) and also after you have struck the grand total of cois. 4 to is. in eols. 2,3 and 4 you have to copy Pad No., Slip No. and sex as recorded by you in thc-slips. 'Even tllOUgh there are separate forms of Posting Statements -for males arid -females, yet you' are -re­ qllired to copy the sex in. col. 4 from the Individual Slip as this will help as'a check hi avoiding mistakes in pO!'litng. In the remaining columns a tick (2) may be put against the appropriate columns, wherever information is found against the relevant question and a dash (-) may be put where it is not applicable. 135. -Cols. 5 and 6 are to be posted with reference to the entries against Q.ll of the Indi­ vidual Slip. If a person is noted as belonging to a Scheduled Caste put a tick under Col. 5 anfl a dash in Col.6. If a Scheduled Tribe, put the tick in col. 6 and dash in col:5. If the person is neither a Scheduled Caste nor a Scheduled Tribe put a dash under eols. 5 and 6' of the Posting Statement.

136. Cols. 7 and 8 of the Posting Statement have to be filled with reference to the answer to Q.12 of the Individual Slip. A person can be either 'L' or '0'. Put the tick or dash in,the ~ corresponding column accordingly. It must be noted that there cannot be a daSh in both the ('himns. - 137. eols. 9-13 must be posted with some care. For a person for whom 'c' has been entered in the box against Q.16(a)(i) a tick (';) should-be put under col. 9 and dash (-) under eols. 10 fa 13. Similarly;-for a person for whom 'AL', or HHI' or 'OW' or 'X' has been recorded .. against Q. 16(a)(i) a tick ( 1/) may be put under col. 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 respectively and dash (_) under remaining cols. from 9-13.' You may please note that where a tick is put in col. 13 it means the pe!son is a non-worker and there must be a dash in cols. 9 -to 12. For your guidance specimen entries have been made in Enumderator's Posting Statement appearing as Appendix _VIII. As you are likely to use more than one Posting Statement you are advised to strike totals by counting the number of ticks (.;) in the relevant column(s) as soon as you have completed entries in the one form and strike the grand totals after the Revisional Round. Now proceed to fill-up col. 1 in a continuous manner starting with the first entry in the posting statement, while assigining serial number in col. 1. you should ignore scored-aut-lines. Thus, the grand total of col. 4 will be the last serial number in col. 1. ENUMERATOR'S ABSTRACT 138. After striking the grand totals in 'Enumerator's daily posting statement you have to till in another form given at Appendix IX (Form T) .. Specimen entries have b

local area for which he is appointed as, by instructions issued in this behalf by the State Govern- I ment·and, published in the Official Gazette, he may be directed to ask. (2) Every person of whom any question is asked under'sub-section (1} shaH be Jegally bound to answer such question to the best of his knowledge or belief. Occupier or manager to fill up schedule 10. (1) Subject to such prders as the State Government may issue in this behalf, a census officer may, within the local a~a for which he is appointed, leave or cause to be left a schedule at any dwelling-house or with the manager or any officer of any commercial or industrial esta­ blishment, for the purpose of its being filled up by the occupier of such house or of any specified part thereof or by such manager or officer with such particu1ars as the State Government may direct regarding the inmates of such house or part thereof, or the persons employed under such manager or officer, as the case may be at the time of the taking of the census. (.2) When such schedule has been so left, the said occupier, manager or officer, as the case may be shall:fill it up or cause it to be filled-up to the best of his knowledge or belief so far as regards the inmates of such house or part thereof or the persons employed under him~ as the case may be, at the time aforesaid, and shall sign his name thereto and. when so required, shall deliver the schedule so filled up and signed to the census officer or to such person as the census officer may. direct. Penalties·' 11. (l)(a) Any census officer or any person lawfully required to give assistance towards the taking of a census who refuses or neglects to use reasonable diligence in performing any duty imposed upon him or in obeying any order issued to him in accordance with this Act or any rule made'thereunder or any person who hinders or obstructs another person in performing any such duty or in obeying any such orde:i:, or (b) Any census officer who intentionally puts any offensive or improper question or know­ inglY' makes any false return or, without the previous sanction of the Central Government or the State Government discloses any information which he has received by means of or for the purpose of a census return, .•.... , , (c) any person who intentionally gives a false answer to, or refuses to answer to the best of his knowledge or belief, any question asked of him by a census officer which he is legally bound by section 8 to answer. x x x shan. be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to six months.

(2) Whoever abets any off~nce under sub-section (1) shall be punishable with fine which may e~teJld to one thousand rupees." . ApPEtmtx It PRINCIPLES OF HOt7SE.NUMBERING ( See Para 25-) THE CRN SUS HOUSEHOLD NUMBER WILL CONSIST OF; l3UILOING NUMBER, CENSUS HOUSE NUMBER AND HOUSEHOLD -NUMBER BuUdiltg:

"Building" is generally a single strueture bnt

(i) If the locality consists of a number of streets in a village. the·' bUiJ.dh\gs" in; - t_, various streets in a village, should be numbered continously. streets shou14·~· laken in uniform order'irom·North.,East ;to, South:,West. It has ~n. observed that the best way of numbering the buildings.is to continue. with' one consecu­ tive serial On one side of the street and complete the nilmbering .on that side'­ before crossing over to the end of the other side 'Qf the.. street and, conthiuing.­ with the serial stopping finally opposite to where:ihe dirst number. began. (ii) In a town/city, enumeration block, the numbenng:.:will-,have.-1:o ,r~t Jhe" axis of the street and not any pre-conceived geographical, diJlection, ,Uke.NortlrEast, etc. (Ui)' Arabic numerals (e.g .• I, 2, 3. . ... ) should be used for building numbers: (iv) A building under- construction which is likely. to be completed within. about a year's time should also be given a number in the seria1. (v) If a new building either pucca or kaahha is found after the house numbering has been completed, or in the midst of buildings already numbered. it should be given a new number which may bear a sub-number of the adjacent building number-.'·' e.g. 10/1 ...... Note: These should not be numbered as 10(1) or 10(2), etc., as such numbering would apply to:' , census houses within the same building. On the other hand 10/1 wo~ld m.ean a ~erarate ~uilding that has come up after. bllilding ~o. to! Census House No. 5. A census house is a building or part of a building havin~ a sep:uate main entrance from tlie road or common courtyard or stair-case etc., used or recognised as a separate unit. it niay be inhabited or vacant. It ma.y be used for a residentiaJ or nori-residentiai purpose or both.

6. If a building has a number of flats or blocks which are independent of one another haV;. ing separate entrances of their own from the road or a common stair-case or a common cOUlt­ yard leading to a main gate, they will be considered as separate census houses. If within a large enclosed area there are separate buildings, then each such building will also be a separate cen­ sus house. If all the structures within an enclosed compound are together treated as one build­ iilg then each structure with a separate entrance should be treated as a separate census hous~.

7. Each census house 'should be numbered. If a building by itself is a single census house. then the number of the census house is the same as the building number, But if different parts or constituent units of a building qualify to be treated as separate census houses, each census house should be given a sub-number within brackets to the building number as 10(1), 10(2), etc., or 11(1), 11 (2). 11(3), etc. 8. The order in which census houses within a building are to be numbered, should be Con­ tinuous, preferably clockwise or in any convenient manner if it is difficult to do it clockwise.

9. The definition of census house may sometimes be difficult of application in its literal sense in the context of varying patterns of structures and their usage. For example, in cities and towns, one does come acros a situation when a flat in the occupation of one household as reside~ce may be made up four rooms or so and all the rooms may have direct entrance from a common court­ yard, or a stair-case. In terms of the defination of a census house each of these rooms having entrances from the common stair-case, etc., may qualify to be treated as census houses. But it does not realistically reflect the situation of the number of houses. In such case. 'singleness' of use of these rooms along with the mian house by the household should be taken into account and the entire flat comprising four rooms should be treated as one census house only and assigned one number. If on the other hand each one of these rooms had been separately occupied by independent households and if each portion had separate main entrance then each will be justified to be treated as a separate census house. In a hostel building even if the door of each room in which an inmate lives opens on to a common verandah or stair-case as it happens almost invariably, the entire hostel building may have to be treated as one census house only. In some parts of the country in the rural area!l, the pattern of habitation is such that a single household occupies a group of huts ,\ithin an enclosed fence which has one main entrance. Each of the apparently separated structU!tS is an integral part of the housing unit as such. In such cases it may be more realistic to treat the group as one census house. Care should be taken to ascertain if only one household occupies such a unit or shared by more than one household. Thus the definition of a census house will have to be applied having due regard to the actual situation in such exceptional cases. 10. It is usual to find in municipal towns/cities that every site whether built upon or not are numbered by the municipal authorities on property basis. Such open sites even if they are enclosed by a compound wall should not be listed for census purposes. Only where a structur~ with tour walls and e. rcot has come up should it be treated as a census house and listed. But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses is such that for example, a conicalrooi almost touches the ground and an entrance is also provided, and thi:.le may not be any wall as su(;11, Such structures should of course be treated f as buildings and houses Dllplbered and listed. ~84 i'Jft)usebold No. A Household is a group of persons who commonly live together and would take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevented any of them from doing so. It may be made up of related or unrelated persons. A cook or a servant living in the h~e of his employers and taking his food there is to be considered as a member of the master's household. A hotel where a number -of unrelated persons live together is an institutional household. So is a jail. 11. There may be one or more households in a census house. If there are more than one . household, each of them should be given a separate identifying number. This can be 40ne by using the alphabates as (a), (b), (e). etc., affixed to the census house number. For example if bUilding . No.2 is also a census house and has three households. the household numbers will be 2{a), 2(b) and 2(c). If building number 4 has two census houses, the houses will be numbered as 4(1} and 4(2}. If within these houses there are respectively 3 and 2 households then they will be number~d as 4(1)(a), 4(l}{b), 4(l}{e) and 4(2)(a) and 4(2)(b) respectively. If, however. building Ji{o. 3 is aho a census house and has only one household the number to be entered· will be 3. 285

APPENDIX III LIST OF A FEW TYPICAL INDUSTRIES THAT CAN BE CONDUCTED ON A HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY BASIS (See paraA 92-95) Foodstuffs Production of flour by village chakkis or flour mills, milling or dehusking of paddy. grinding of chi~eSl turmeric, etc., production of gur, khandsari, boora, etc., production of pick1~. chutney. jams, etc.; processing of cashew nuts, making of dried vegetables, manufacture of sweetmeats and bakery products, praduction of butter, ghee, etc., slaughtering and preservation of meat and fish, fish curing, etc., oil pressing ghani. Beverages·

Manufatture of country liquor, toddy, production of soda water, ice, ice-cream~ sharbats. etc., processing of coffee, etc. Tobacco Products

Manufactur~ of bidi, cigars, cherrots, tobacco, snuff, etc. Textile Cotton Cotton ginning, carding, pressing and baling, spinning, etc., dyeing and bleaching of cloth, weaving in handlooms or powerlooms or manufacture of khadi, cloth printing;. making of fishing. nets, mosquito nets, cotton thread, rope, twine, etc. Textile Jute, -Wool or SUk . . Similar type of p1;'oduction or processing as mentioned under Textile Cotton but pertaining to the· materi~l concerned. Textile MIscellaneous Making of dUffles, carpets, hosiery, embroidery, chrochet work, lace garland making. manu­ facture of headgear, making of newar, bed covers (curtains, pillow, pillow cases; etc., makillg~· mattress, quilt (razai), etc., making of namda felt, coconut fibre for upholstery, making of brush~~ brooms, etc., from coconut :fibres, coir spinning, manufacture and repair of umbrellas, manufacture of dol1~ and toys (rags and cotton), etc, Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products Sawing and planning of wood, manufacture of wooden furniture structural goods like beams. door and window frames, etc., wooden agricultural implements and their repair, wooden lacquer­ ware, wooden toys, wood carving sawdust and plaster figure making, inlay work, match splinters. plywood and veneers, etc., making palm leaf mets, fans, umbrellas, etc., baskets and broomsticks, caning of chairs, making of chicks and khaskhas tatties, making of cart wheels, wooden sandals.­ etc.- Paper and Paper Products

. Manufacture of pulp and paper by hand, making of envelopes, paper-mache articles, card board boxes, paper flower, paper kites, toys, etc. 286

Printing "and PnbIlsbing Printing works lithography, block making, book binding, etc. Leather and Leather Products Flaying and processing of hides and skins, making leather footwear, wearing apparel of leather and fur, repair of shoes or other leather products. Rubber, Petroleum and Coal Products

Vulcanising tyres and tubes, manufacture of chappals from tom tyres and other rubber footwear,manufacture of rubb~ products fro~ natural and synthetic rubber. Chemicals and Chemical Products Manufacture of toys, paints, colours, etc., manufacture of matches, fireworks perfumes, cosmetics, manufacture of ayurvedic medicines, soap, plastic prorlucts, celluloid goods, manufacture of ink,' candles, boot polish, etc.

Non-metallic Mineral Products and other than Petroleum and Coal Making of bricks, roofing tiles, sanitary fittings, cement statues, stone or marble carvingS, manufacture of stone structurals, stone dressing and stone crushing, mica splitting and manufac­ ture of other mica products, making of earthenware and pottery, crockery, glass beads and bangles, earthen toys, rna' ufacture of glass products, etc.

Basic MeWs a r d iheir Products except Machinery and transport Equipment Manufacture of iron arms and weapons and their service and repair, iron and steel furniture, bras'l, bell-metal utensils, aluminium utensils, tin utensils, copper utensils, etc., nickeling and electroplating, blacksmithy, manufacture and repair of agricultural implements such as plough­ share etc" making and repairing of locks and trunks, cutlery, manufacture of scales, weights and measures and foundry inqustry, etc. Machinery (all kinds other than Transport) and Electrical Equipment

Manufacture of small machine tools and parts, repairing and servicing of' fans, radios, domestic electrical appliances, etc. " Transport Equipment Repairing and servicing of automobiles, manufacture of cycle parts, rickshaw parts, boats and barges, manufacture of animal-drawn and hand-drawn vehicles such as bullock carts. wheel barrow, etc." ' Miscellaneous Manufacturing IndUstries

.ReI?air of .sp~ctacles, p?oto~aphic equipment. goldsmithy. silver filigree industry, ~old covenng'work, bldnware, muslcalmstruments, fountain pens making of cowdung cakes, manufa,c. ture of sports goods, repairing of petrqmax lights, making of Quttoqs aQq Qeads from con~h-sheU and born goods, 287

,. ApPENDIX IV CLASSIFIED LIST OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ( See para 112 ) AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING . (Do not merely say plantation or fishing, etc., but indicate the appropriate details as given here.) Plantation Crops

Indicate the type of plantation such as Tea, coffee, rubber, tobacco, edible nuts, fruits, ~1 'Ij I, betal nuts, etc. Livestock Production Indicate what kind of livestock is reared such as goats, sheep, horses, pigs, ducks, bees, silk worm, etc. Production of wool, raw silk, etc., are also covered in this. , Agricultural Services Indicate what type of agricultural service, e.g., Pest destroying, spraying, operat~on of irri­ gation system, animal shering and livestock services (other than veterinary services), grading agricultural and livestock products, soil conservation, soil testing, etc. Hunting Indicate hunting, trapping and game propagation for commercial purpose only. Forestry and Logging Apart from planting and conservation of forests, felling and cutting of trees, etc., this would cover production of fuel, gathering of fodder, gums, resins, lac, etc. Fishing Sea, coastal and inland water, fishing, pisciculture, collection of pearls, conches, shells, sponges, ~tc. MINING AND QUARRYING

(Do not merely say mining or quarrying but indicate further details)~ Indicate what is mined such as coal, lignite, crude pertroleum, natural gas, iron ore, manganese, gold, silver, copper ore quarrying of stones, clay and sand pits, precious and semi-precious stones; mica, gypsum, etc. . MANUFACTURING AND REPAIR (Do not merely say engaged in a factory, but indicate what the manufacturing is concerned with as detailed here.) Manufacture of Food Products

Slaughtering, preparation and preservation o~ meat, dairy products; canning and preservation of fruits and vegetable; fish, grain mill products, backery products, sugar, boora, common salt; edible oils including vanaspati, processing of tea or coffee, manufacture of ice, animal feeds, starch, etc. Manufacture of Beverages. Tobacco and Tobacco Products Rectifying and blending of spirits, wine industries, country liquor and toddy carbonated water industries, bidi, cigar, cigarettes~ ~erda, snuff, etc, ' 288

Manufacture of Cotton Textiles Cotton ginning, cleaning and baling, spinning, weaving and :finishing of cotton in textiles mills, printing, dyeing and bleaching of cotton textiles, cotton spinning other than in mills (charkha), khadi production, weaving, etc., in handlooms and powerlooms, etc, '

Manufacture of Wool, Silk and Synth~tic Fibre Textiles Wool cleaning, baling and pressing, weaving and finishing in mills and other than in mills, dyeing and bleaching, printing of silk, synthetic, textiles, etc.

Manufacture of Jute, Hemp and Melia Textiles

Spinning and pressing and baling of Jute and Mesta, dyeing; printing and bleaching of jute textiles and manufacture of jute bags are also covered in this. Manufacture of Textile Products (Including wearing apparel other than footwear) knitting mills, manufacture of all typeS of threads, cordage, ropes, etc., embroidery, carpets, rain coats, hats, made up textiles goods (except garments), Oil cloth, tarpaulin, coir and coir products, linoleum, padding, wadding, etc., are also covered in this. Manufactute of Wood and Wood Products Furniture and Fixtures Manufacture of veneer, plywood and their products, sawing and planning of wood, wooden and cane boxes, crates, drums, barrels, etc., beams, posts, doors and windows, wooden industrial goods like blocks, handles, etc., cork products, wooden, bamboo and cane furniture and:fixture,;~tc. Paper and Paper Products and Printing, Publishing and alUed Industrles Manufacture of pulp, paper, paper boards and newsprints, container and paper boxes, printing and publishing of newspapers, periodicals, books, etc., engraving, block-making, book-binding, etc. Ll'ather and Leather and Fur Products Training, currying, etc. of leather, footwear (excluding repair), coats, gloves, currying, dyeing, etc. of fur, fur and skin rugs, etc.

Rubber, Plastic, Petroleum and, Coal Products Tyre and tubes industries, footwear made of vulcanized or moulded rubber, rubber and plastic products, petroleum refineries, production of coaltar in coke ovens, etc. Chemicals and Chemical Products Manufacture of gases such as acids, alkalis, Oxygen, etc., fertilisers and pesticides, paints, varnishes, drugs and medicines, perfumes, cosmetics, lotions, synthetic resins, etc.,' explosive and ammunition and fireworkS, etc.

Non-metallic Mineral Products Structural clay products, glass and glass products; earthen ware and earthen pottery, china ware and porcelain ware, cement, lime and plaster, asbestos, cement, etc. BasIc Metal and Alloys Industries Iron and Steel Industries, casting foundries, ferroalloys, copper, brass, zinc and brass manu­ facturing, etc. Metal Products and Parts except Machinery and Transport Equipment Metal cans from tin-plate, sheets metal, barrels, drums, pails, safe, etc., structural metal 'products, metal furniture and fixture, hand tools, utensils, cutlery, etc. Machinery, Machine tools and' parts except Electrical Machinery Agricultural machinery; cranes, road rollers, boilers, diesel engine, refrigerators, air-condi­ tioners, ~~c.

Electrical Machinery, Apparatus, Appli~nces and Supplies and parts Electrical motors, generators, transformers, insulated wires and cables, dry and wet batteries, radio, te1ev~ion, etc., X-ray apparatus, electric computors, etc.

T~sport equipments and parts Sbip building and repairing locomotives andparts, Rallway wagons, coaches, etc., rail read equipment, motor vehicles, bicycles, aircrafts, push-carts and hand-carts, etc.

Other Matlufacturin~ Industries Do not say other manufacturing industries but write clearly what is being manufactured, like manufacture of medical, surgical and scientific equipments, photographic and optical goods, watches, min~ing of coins, musical instruments, etc. ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER Indicate if generation and transmission of electric energy or distribution is involved. e. g '. manutacture of gas in gas works and its distribution, water supply, i. e., collection, purification and . diStribution of water, etc. CONSTRUCTION ( Do not merely say engaged in construction but give further particulars. ) Clear details Of the type of construction and maintenance such as buildings, road. railway, telegraph, telephone, water ways and water reservoirs, hydro electric projects, industrial plants, activities allied to cons­ truction such as plumbing, heating and air-conditioning installation, setting of tiles, marble, brick, etc., construction of electrical installations, etc., should be given. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE AND RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS

ll'o,od~ Textiles, Live Animals. Bevera~es and Intoxicants

Indicate clearly that the wholesale trade is done in cereals, pulses, foodstuff, textiles and textile products, e. g., garments, shirtings, etc., beverages, intoxicants like wines, opium, ganja, tobacco, etc., wholesale trade in animals, straw and fodder is also covered in this. Fuel, LieJlt, Chemicals. Perfumery, Ceramics, Glass Wl!.olesaletrade in medicines, chemiCals, fuel, lighting products, toilets, porcelain, glass utensil. crokery, etc, All types of Machinery, Equipment, including Transport and Electricat Equipment

Agricultural and industrial machinery, e. g., harvestors, threshers, etc., electrical machinery, transport equipments, etc. Miscella

Whole sale trade in furniture, rubber and rubber products, building materials, clocks, etc., eye-glasses, etc., medical and surgical instruments; precious metals. stones and jewellery, etc.

Retail Trade in food and food articles, beverage, tobacco and into,cicants

Indicate clearly that the retail trade is carried in grocery, vegetable, {mit selling, meat, poultry, bakery products, dairy products, pan, bidi, aerated water, etc.

~fi!tail Trade in Textiles Do not merely say engaged in retail trade in textile, but indicate clearly what the retail trade is concerned with Dealers in textiles (non-ready-made), ready-made garments, are some examples.

Retail Trade in Others

Indicate clearly what kind of retail trade it is like medical shops, booksellers, building roate­ rial, etc. Restaurants and Hotels Restaurants, cafes and other eating places. hotels, rooming houses, camps and other lodging places. TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATION ( Do not merely say engaged in land, water, air-transport but give further particulars.) Indi­ cate what kind of transport such as packing, crating, travel agencies. etc. It also lock carls, ekka. tonga, etc., ocean and co~tal water, inland water transport, air·transport, services rendered to transport such as packing, crating, travel agencies, etc. It also includes storage,' warehousing, communication such as postal telegraph, wireless, telephone, etc.

FINANCING, INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE AND BUSINESS SERVICES

Indicate clearly whether services belong to Banking, credit institutions other than banks, e.g .• loan 'societies, agricultural credit institutions, etc., money lenders, financiers, etc., provident services, insurance carriers life, fire marine accident, health, etc. It also includes business services e. g., purchase and sale agents and brokers, auctioneering, accounting, data processing, engineering, advertising services, etc., legal services rendered by advocates, barristers, pleaders, etc. 'COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES

It should be clearly indicated whether service belongs to public administration, union govern­ ment; state government, police service, quasi-government bodies, sanitary services. education, scientific and research, etc. ' ~91

Peraonal Services Do not merely say engaged in personlil service but indicate clearly whether it is domestic service, services relating to laundries, cleaning and dyeing plants, hair dressing, photographic studios, international and other extra territorial bodies, etc. ApPENDIX V CLASSIFIED LIST OF OCCUPATION i.e. DESCRIPTION OF WORK [ Q. 16(e) and 17(e) See Paras 113-114 ]

Professional, Technical and Related Workers (Do not merely say an Engineer, Doctor, Teacher, etc., in describing the work of an individual but furnish more precise particulars as given below.) Indicate clearly in respect of engineers to what branch they belong such as civil, mechanical, electrical, metallurgical, mining, etc. In respect of physicians, state if they are allopathic, ayurvedic, homoeopathic, etc. Physiologists and dentists, etc., should be recorded. As regards teachers, state if they are university teachers, secondary school, middle SChool, primary ~chool or kindergarten teachers. There are various other types of chemists, physicists, archaeologists, nurses, phannacists, health technicians, jurists, social scientists such as economists, statisticians, geographers, historians, anthropologists, etc., as also artists, writers, painters, sculptors, actors • etc., draughtsmen, laboratory assistants, librarians, ordained religious workers, astrologers, etc., who will have to be recorded with particulars of their work.

Administrative, Executive and Mana~erial Workers (Do not merely say Government Officer, an officer in a private firm or concern but give fur­ ther particulars.) They may be in Government serivce or under a local body 'or in a business firm, manufacturing establishment or a catering establishment or a transport company and so on. Their full description should be recorded such as for example, Secretary to the Govel'Itment of India, District Collector, ¥unicipal Commissioner, Executive Officer of a Panchayat, Dire~tor of a firm, Manager of a business concern, Proprietor and Manager of a hotel, elected and legisla­ tive officials, aircrafts and ships officers, etc.

Clerical Workers (Do not merely denote the work of a person as clerk or office worker but furnish further particulars.) State clearly the type of work done such as cashier, accountant, stenographer typist, computing clerk, key punch operator, office assistant, guard, brakesman, traffic controller, railway ticket inspector, postman, telephone/teleprinter/wireless operator, record keeper, des-. patcher, etc., office workers would also include peons, daftaries etc. Sale Workers ( Do not merely say a worker in a shop but give details.) It should be clearly recorded whether the proprietor of a business concern engages himself in wholesale or retail trade. Sales­ man or shop assistants, agents of insurance, brokers in share, auctioneers, commercial, travellers hawkers and street vendors, money lenders, pawn brokers, etc., will also be covered. Senice Workers (There are all types of service workers such as those engaged as domestic servants or in per­ sonal services or in police service or watch and ward; etc. Give precise particulars . .) Hotel and restaurant keepers, house-keepers, matrons, and stewards (deomestic and institutional), cooks, waiters, bartenders and related workers (domestic and institutional) maids and related house keeping service, workers, building caretakers, sweepers, cleaners and related workers, laun_ derers, dry cleaners and pressers, hair dressers, beauticians and related workers, protection ser­ vice workers, such as wa.tchmen, chowkidars, ga.tekeepers, etc., other service workers. 293

Farmers, Fishermen, Hunters, Loegers, etc., and Related Workers Deep sea fishermen, inland or river water fishermen, shell gatherers, forest rangers, char­ coal burners, forest produce gatherers, plantation managers, farm machine operators, gardeners, toddy tappers, rubber, tappers, hunters, bird trappers, etc., will be covered. Production and other Related Workers, Transport Equipment Operators and Labourers (This may cover a very large variety of craftsmen and operators, etc., whose work will have to be given in adequate detail.) Examples: miners, quarrymen, well drillers, cotton ginaers, spinn.ers, dyers, knitters, lace makers, carpet makers, etc., tailors, cutters, hat makers, embroi­ derers, shoe-makers or repairers, saddle-makers, leather cutters, etc, blacksmiths, furnacemen, mbulders, etc., cart builders, wheel wrights, cabinet-makers, etc., stone cutters, briCklayers, masons, hut builders, thatchers, wen diggers, etc., jewellers, goldsmiths, watch and clock makers or repairers, welders and plate cutters, sheet metal workers, machine tool operators, electricians, electrical and electronic wiI:e fitters, radio mechanic, electric. l~men, cable jointers, carpenters, joiners, sawers, etc., printing type machine operators, prOQf readers, photo-litho operators, book binders, potters, moulders, firemen, kilnsmen, blowers and :ma$ers of glass, millers, bakers, confectioners, sweetmeat ma),(.en;, food cann~s, coffee or tea planters, tobacco curers, graders and blenders of tobacco, bidi or cigar makers, snuff or zarda Jll8).cers, tyre builders, crane or hoist operatqrs, loaders and Wl1004ers, etc. 294

ApPENDIX VI

SOME ILLUSTRATIONS FOR FILLING THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERTSTICS FAU,ING UNDER Q. 16 OR Q. 17 ARE GIVEN BEWW :

Q. 16 (a) Q.16(a) Q. 16 Q. 16 (c) Name of Q. 16 (d) Nature of In­ Q. 16 (e) Q.16 (I) (i) Broad (ii) Non- (b)Place Establishment dustry, Trade, Profes­ Description Class fo Category worker of Work sion or Service of Work Worker

8. 4 5 6 7

1. C x X X x X x 2. AL X X X X X X 3. HHI X PL No particular name Spinning yarn in Ambar Spinning yarn FW •. Charkha. 4. HRI X No particular name Cotton Handloom Dyeing and Spinning FW Weaving. yarn. 5. RBI x PL No particular name Flour making chakki Winnowing and clean­ EE ing grains. 6. RHI x PL No particular name Oil ghani Running oil ghani sw 7_ HHI X PL No particular name BlacksnUthV (making Tempering and polish- FVV Agricultural implements) ing implements. 8. HHI x PL No particular name Earthenware pottery Making pottery on FW the wheel. 9. HHI X PL No particular name Earthenware pottery Making and firing kiln EE 10. RBI X PL No particular name Carpentry-manufacturing Carpenter FW of wooden doors a.nd wwdows. 11. HHI x PL Sarafa-di-Ratti Goldsmithy Filling gold ornaments FW with lac. 12. HHI x New Gupta Hosiery Works Production of Hosiery Opera.tor. Hosiery machine EE Delhi goods. 13. OW X New Verma Hosiery \lVllrks Production of H:osiery Account Clerk EE Delhi goods. 14. HID x PL No particular name Electroplating Scraping and Polishing FW metal. 15. HHI X PL No particular name Production of Cart Putting Iron hoop on EE wheel rings. Cart wheels. 16. OW x PL No particular naIlle H:ail: cutting Barber sw 17. OW X PL No particular name Production of honey Bee-keeping SW 18. OW X PL No particular name Livestock raising Trading cattle FW 19. OW X Gir Govt. Forest Department Logging in forest Cutting trees In forest EE Forest 20. OW X PL No particular name Private tuition Tutor SW 21. OW X PL No particular name Fruit growing Gardener in mango EB orchard.

22. OW x PL Muthuswa.my CoHee CoHee Plantation Fa.r~ la.bourer liB Estate. APPENDIX VI-eontd.

2· 3 5 6 7

23. OW x New Northern RaUway Rail Transport Travelling Ticket EE Delhi ~spector 24. OW x PL Indian Ceramic Insti- Research in manufac- Senior Scielltific oflicer EE tute. t1lri~ of oeralll\c pro- (Ceramic -Research). ducts.

25. OW X PL Office of the Registra.r Central G:>vt. Sar-vice Senior R~search Olli­ General, India. eel' .(Vital Statistics).

26. OW x PL Gypsum Supply Co. Supplying Gypsum 0n Contractor supplying _R Orden. Gypsum to Sindri :Fertilizer. Factory. 27. OW X PL Cbittaranjan Locomotive Locomotive Factory Accountant E:E 28. OW X PL Delhi. Railway Station Railway Station PorteI Goods Shed Porter EE 29. OW X Rampur C.P.W.D. ROIMi Construction Manual Labourer (on EE village muster roll) digging earth. 30. OW x PI. No particular Dame HOUle Construction Labourer bl'ick laying sw 31. OW X PL No particular name Vegetable market General Labourer SW labourer carrying ~ds. 32. 0'\\ x PL Delhi Electric Supply Transmission of electricity Machine Operator Ele- EE Corporation Sub-Station with the help of tF~S- stricity. former. 33. OW x PL Ma-da,n Brothers Retail shop in sta- Shop Assistant FW tionery stores. 3.1. OW x PL Sahu and Co. Wholesale Store for Proprietor, Wholesale ER ~ins and cereals tJ;ade. 35. OW x .PL Dayanand and Son'! Retail shop of ready m1.de S"le3m1.n FW garments au.d hosiery. 36. OW x PL KakaAgrico D~ng in Hardware Sales Manager HE 37. OW X PL Indian Iron and Steel Manufacturer of iron B~ler RO$III For&llun EE Company, Burnpur. and steel structurals. 3S. OW x New Indian Airlines Cor- Air Transport Air Pilot EE Delhi porat!on 39. OW x Chandi- State Motor Transport Motor Transport S'rt by W()1"king Ptoprietx ER vice. Motor Truck. 41. OW x PL Medical College, Calcutta Medical .and l{ealth Radiologist EE Radiology Deptt. Service of State. ' 42. OW x PL I.C.A.R., Pusa, Delhi Plant Pcotection Re- Plant Nutritionist. EF search.

43. OW x PL Bimbla Sugar Factory Sugar Factory Chemist 44. OW X PL Akash Chemical and Manufacture of anti- Chemist EE Pharmaceutical Factory. biotics.

45. OW X PL L.I.C .• Delhi Life Insnrance Business Secretary Administration EE 46. OW X PL Govt. of Tamil Nvernment service Assistant S~ccet'1ry E ~ (Commerce and In- sustry Department). 295 APPENDIX VI-concld.

2 3 4 5 G 7

X PL Govt. of TaIPil Nadu State Government Service U.D.C. (Commerce . and in- dustry Department). 48. OW x PL Kundan Brothers, Jewel- Jewellery Works Supervisor FW lers, Jaipur. 49. QW X PL No particular name Domestic Service Cook :E~ 50. OW X PL Asoka Hotel, New Delhi Residential Hotel Cook EE 5J. OW X Bangalore XYZClub Recreation Club Bearer EE 52. OW x . PI.. No particluar name Retail trade in grocery Working proprietor Sw 53. OW X PL Bhilai Steel Plant Steel Production Chartered Accountant E.E 54.0yv X Howrab Howrah Jute Mill Jute Mill Accountant EE 55. OW X PL ABC Film Studios Production of feature Cinema Actor SW ;-,. films. 56. OW ' X PL Ruparekha Company Commercial Sign painting Sign Painter EE 57. OW ~'.' .. PL·, PortIa,ndCementCo. CeJlleJ1t manufacturing· Canvas hag market EE. SW 58. ~~ X PL ABC Stock ~ge Share broker Share broker in tea and jute. 59. OW X PL ABC Business House Ltd, Discounting of bills of Managing Director, EE business firms. EO. OW X PL . Ramachandra Engine- General Engineering Die Caster EE ering Co. . Works . 61. OW X .PL. 'ABC Paint Facroty Manufacture of paints Ochre Grinder X PL Solan Breweries Brewery Factory Distillation Plant 62. Of Operator. 63. OW PL ABc Chemical Factor,)" Manufacture of Hydro- Grinder EE chloric Acid, EE 64. OW X PL ABC Rerolling Mills Steel Retolling Works Cleaner '1?L . EE 65. OW X ABC'Cinema Cinema House Gate Keeper . £X 'PL, E& 66. oW ABC Engineering Works Iron and Steel F .mndry MJulder X PL ABC oil Mill Manufacture of mustard Forem'3.n Packing EE 67. oW oil. D.epartment,

X PL ABGCompany Motor b()dy building Fvrem'l.n, S'l.W Mill EE 68. OW Factory. X Shahda,ra AB~ Aluminium Com· Aluminium Factory Foundry Caster EE 69. OW pany. X Tata ABC Iron Factory Iron Foundry Works 'Furnaceman B:Jiler EE 70. OW Nagar Shop. Printing Works 71. OW x New Govt. Printing Press Mono Operator EE Delhi X PL ABC Small Tool Small Tools Production Brass Turner EE 72. OW Company, 73. OW X PL State Social Welfare Social Welfare Organi­ Honorary Social Worker SW .. Board. sation, 74. OW X New Parliament, ~Ihi Parliamentary Work Member of Parliament SW Delhi X PL No particular journal Writing for newspapers Freelance Journalist SW 75. OW and periodicales.

76. OW x PL ABC party Promotion of party's Political worker 'SW Political work. APPENDIX VI-contd.

2 3 4, 5 6 7

23. OW x New Northern RaIlway Rail Transport Travelling TIcket EE Delhi Inspector

24. OW x PL Indian Ceramic Insti- Res~rch in manufac- SE!Ilior Scientific officer EE trite. tlirltlg of d&illiie pro- (Ceramic Research). ducts. ,. .. 25. OW x PL office of the Regtstrar C~iiti-~l Govt. Service Senior Regearch Olfi­ EE General, tndia &r (Vital Statistics). 26. o'W- x PL Gypsiim Supply CO. Supplying Gypsum Oil Contractbr ·SlJpptying Orders. Gypsum -. to Sindri Fertilizer F'actory. 27. OW X PL Chittaranjan Locom.otive Locomotive Factory Accountant EE 28. OW X PL Delhi Railway Station Railway Station Porter Goods Shed Porter EE 29. OW X Rampur C.P. W.D. Rd:ia Construction Manual Labourer (on EE village ~nster roU) diggin' g earth. 30. OW x PL No parlicuhir ~~ Hou. eonstn1ctiori. La'bb~rer brick layiIig .",::",,' 31. OW X PL No particular name Vegetable J'narket ceneral Labourer SW labourer carrying goods.

32. 0\\ X PL Delhi Electric Supply Transmission of electricity Machine Operator Ele- EE Cotpbration Sub-Station with the help of tilimi-. ctriCity. former. 33. OW X PI. Madan Brothers Retail shop in sta- Shop Assistant tionery stores. 34. OW X PL Sahu and Co. Wholesale Store for Proprietor, Wholesale ER g'railis and cereals trade. 35. OW X PL Dayanand and Son~ Retaitshopofready m."de S"le3m1.n FW gaiin.ents and hosiery. 36. OW x PL KakaAgrico .JJealing in Hardware Sales· Manager 37. OW X PL Indian Iron and Steel Manufacturer of iron B:>iler Rodin Foreuun EE Company, Burnpur. and steel structuraIs. 38. OW x New Indian Airlines Cor- Air TJ:ansport Air Pilot EE Delhi porat~on 39. OW x Chandi- State Motor Transport Motor Transport Service Bus Driver EE garh Undertaking.

40. OW x • PL Prakash Transport Ser- Goods Trati.3p:>rt by Wotking Propriebr Eil vice. Motor Truck. 41. OW x PL Medical College, Calcutta. Medical and Health Radiologist EE Radiology Deptt. Service of State.

42. OW x PL I.C.A.R., Pusa, Dalhi Plant Protection Re- Plant Nutritbnist EF sea.rch. 43. OW x PL Bimbla Sugar Factory Sugar Factory Chemist EE 44. OW X PL Akash Chemica.I and Manufacture of anti- Chemist EE Pharmaceutical Factory. bibtics. 45. OW X PL L.I.C., Delhi Life Insurance Business Secretary Administration EE 46. OW X PL Govt. of Tamil Nadu state G:>vernment service AS3istaIJ.t SJCcetl.ry (Commerce. and In- sustry Depai-tment). 296- APPENDIX VI-cofICld.

2 3 4 5 6 7 ------~~------47. OW x PL Govt. of TamU Noon state Government Service U.D.C. (Commerce and in- dustry Department). 48. OW x PL Kundan Brothers, Jewel- Jewellery Works Supervisor FW lers, Jaipur. 49. OW x PL No particular name Domestic Service Cook EO: 50. OW X PL Asoka Hotel, N~w Delhi Residential Hotel Cook EE 51. OW X Bangalore XYZ Club Recreation Club Bearer HE 52. OW X PI. No particluar nallle Retail trade in grocery Working proprietor SW 53. OW X PL Bhilai Steel Plant Steel Production Chartered Accountant ' EE 54. OW X Howrah Howrah Jute Mill Jute Mill Accountant HE 55. OW X Pi ABC Film Studios Prodnction of feature Cinema Actor SW films.

56. OW X PI. Ruparekha Company Commercial Sign painting Sign Painter EE 57. OW X PL Portland Cement Co. Cement manufacturing Canvas bag market _EE X PL ABC Stock Exchang& Share broker Share broker in tea and SW 58. O,,?/ jute. . i9.0W X PL ABC llusiness House Ltd. Discounting of bUls of Ma.naging Director EE business firms.

EO. OW X PL Ramachandra Engine- General Engineering Die Caster ering Co. Works. 61. OW X PI. ABC Paint Facroty Manufacture of paints Ochre Grinder EE 62. OW X PL Solan Breweries Brewery Factory Distillation Plant EE Operator. EE' 63. OW :x PL ABC Chemical Factory Manufacture of Hydro- Grinder chloric Acid.

64. OW X PI. ABC Rerolling Mills Steel Rerolling Works Cleaner EE EE 65. OW X PL ABC Cinema Cinema House Gate Keeper ABGE!].gineering Works Iron and Steel F.>undry ;_Vbulder EE 66. OW -X PL - X PL ABC oil Mill Manufacture of mustard Forem'1n, Packing EE 67. OW oil. Department.

X PL ABC Company Motor body building Fore.m'1n. S"l.W Mill EE 68. OW Factory. X Shahdara ABC Aluminium Com­ Aluminium Factory Foundry Caster EE 69. OW pany. Iron Foundry Works Furnaceman B"Jiler EE 70. OW X Tata ABC Iron Factory Nagar Shop. Printing Works Mono Operator 71. OW X New Govt. Printing Press EE Delhi Tool Small Tools Production Brass Turner EE 72. OW X PL ABC Small Company. Welfare Social Welfare Organi­ Honorary Social Worker 73. OW X PL State Social SW Board. sation. Parliament, D~lhi Parliamentary Work Member of Parliament sw 74. OW X New Delhi x PL No particular journal Writing for newspapers Freelance Journalist SW 75. OW and periodicales. x PL ABC party Promotion of party's Political worker SW 76. OW Political work. CINSUS O' INDIA ,1ft "'No.~ SII,.No. I 1M1v14u.1 SID e &.oatIon Cocfe______10/3/64 ------(. 10 ) ...... Nct. ,.. 2 - 59. (a) I. Nam. Gopal ... .. ""uoA..,i, OJ .& tWN AC'nVITJ .~~ __~Hewqlad--.-- __------".Sex 0 D (.) ::,,~I) W~Jr~; ~.HHi [J ... ~ . 52 II) Non.(H. ST, R, FX\ fO t. Mama' 'UM,, ______h...:.:..... ______t~J'. . Wor1Iar D.BI.O) ~

.. Nr curnndy muriel worn.n only i tftJ. Ptac. of _1<' W "p It !'IIirrl.. X ~ (NIIIII or Vllla&e fTown) __--P..;L;;_.--_ n z Ie) "-_ or Establishment No particular name (I., An, chdd 110m In die lat 01\4 y.~r___ X:.-_ L_.I ~ (4) Natura or InduKrv: r"de, ;Ir~ Ca.) ... of 1I1R11. PI. ~".• 'rnlSlon or Servlo. Tallotlna - i! r-, - Sewing of ,irments % (L) ltural/UrbM X ,...... t _J r-j-'--1 . :c ' I I .~-_-___--.;....._-L- .. -l--, iI (I) DI .."1~. ______Xi6.. ___1 ·.1 I .' .. ..: . ," - r -.. .' . '(e) JjG:rtptlon of Work §titchln, .....t...(J) SClc./Counay X ' .•... " _ . .LI; _ _, ~.- Clothes _ r-l--r-- ______... ' I , , '-_.L_~ _ _' 2(a) Place of lase n""at __...;r:.:o'·n~d.::o::.:re=-· ---- r-" (i):~ of workcr" ____S:.w~ ___[.l ___I t __ J' .'" I (to\ """,(Ur'- .'>. <,U 3 (~ DlsirlCl Indore i'--T~_' : ~ '['" SE~ND"I\Y. ~ , I I t.l Broad L_J._J caeegory (Co AL, "HI, OW)_.... X.:.-_I r-' I t. (II) SClc.',Counery· Madhya Pradesh ,.._,_., iI._" a; 'DlWtton cif RaldclK. It ,II. Villi,. ' I I I ('-) Plice or work ~_.L_ J~, (1'4...... orVm.'e/Town) _____2S:..- __ OJ ... of Enul!*ltiafi 4 10. """on H r-... _.1._'"1-' ;:S (c) Nlm. of fsublishment. _____.J. X:...·--_ " s. Col Ir- - 'T -, ,.. (cO NIICUte or InduRry. T"de, , IL . __. . X' I'' ....J I.: p-"--..-or or. Se. rvice X Lr. ------_--,"':."~ I -.. ---,..:;..;:.-...;.;..-- r .,'- ____ . X , r .,.I l r-r-T-" &~ C , • I I & ______J'--[] L._... _ ...... X • ...... -revl'Ecluc:atlOtlar _. . VIII Standard I,-_oJr- ~I _ _' .,'I 'l(e(I)' CIUI~··.,·_of_.. w.. CIrI& , .~r r·~--r-' TOIIUI Hindi I I 1 , t""-~-.-"" ,. AoL_ L_"-_,,, __I ' • I , .. __ , "-T-'--' L_.&._oA_-' ...... Urdu I I I. I X ,.-] . ~_J_.~_J ----__~------' ~- PacSNO.(=t CIOHflDfHflAL CENSUS OF INDIA 1071 Slip No. 2 Indlyldual Slip ... , Laotian Code I 0 J /64 ( r------.--~.--I .... -- (0) Household No. L, 2· S9 .J t. Hlme Anand 16. MAIN ACTIVITY & RelatIonShip ITI 10 he.d ____--lS~o~n!_._~._ .. l) Worker (C, At. ~ r-" Ce) Bro." "HI,OW ~ L_j [J category 4. "",___ ..,....;2::8=-- __ ill Non.(H. ST, R. LX\ fJ ,..-, Wo.rker D. B 1.0) '-- .. Harthl 'lI'tU$ _____---:M~ _____ LJ t '. (1.). Plae. of work .. For CIIlAntll marrIed women only ~ U~ (Name of VlIIlge/rown) ___~=- PL ____ Cit) "&e ".m.rr.. 'e ____~X~ ___ < . . n z (c) Nama of Esnbllshment Rampy': High School ell' An,! dlild llarn (n the (tit· 01'1'1. ya~ ______X L._..1 ~ (cI) Naluro of Indus!,,.. r,..de, ,-" G ProCession or ServIce Madhya Pradesh. .(4) Pile. of birth PL ,..-, .. Educational Service j "'-T--.--,I I , _r. (II) Rural/Urban X",- - L_.J - ______L_L_oIo_.;,I I ' I ~ (c) DIscrIa. ______..:!:X~ __11 I , (e) DescriptiO" of Work ____~.;..e,;;;a;.:c:.;;h~e;.:.r....;:o;:.f--- - ,--r-~ e: X J I : LCd) State /Country '- _ .L - _, Secondar:v School r-a. ______-_L_L_.L_J-'--'--r-' ; W Plica of lase :allance __..:.I.:..:n~do:::.r~e=-- ______Uj r--' r-' (I) Class of worke",-__..:E~E=-- ____._;L. ~ Ii (II) Rural/Urban ____.....;:;. U ____ r- _.I-_JI • I I -1T. SECONDARY WORK. .... Indore I I ' M Ol'crlct-----l~:=.:..::...---~--_r--: 3 tal Broad (Co Al. HHI. OWl X r-' .category _..:.:._1 I t. (cI) Stlte/Country Madhya Pradesh_. _J ,-_.I & Duntlon of Residence at the ViU3&. -- i - -: (I.) Pllee of worle ~ (Name of VIlI.ge/Town) _____X~. (11 CGYm of Enumcratian-'"'-_____.:4 __ \,... _.1 _ J ___ r-T-' r ~ Cc) Nama of fstablishment ____....;.X..;;... ____ .. Rell,lon H ~_l_ J (d) Nltu~e of Industry, Trade. r-·,-, ~ Prof_lor or SeryiCe _____..:;X..:..... ___ _ 'I. - s~c. I X I_' , , r------... ---.::.o:.-4-;._=: 50 T.,... ______X _,,I L _.L, _JI ~ r-r-T-' ~ ______Li _L-_Io._1 ' I I tIL llr.eracy ~ [-1 ~M~ ~ ~ t: Co) Description-of Work x _'1& Educational ,..-.,.-- ., ' Ilyel B. A., B. Ed. L_ J __ : Holber M. ""-,--r--, .-1--',, I - I I Tonlue ____Hind\:..!!~.:..,...-- __ I.,L_.I._.J __ I ' L_J._..... _.;,I "--Ocher "'-T--'--' r-, (I) Class of worker-:-____..:X~ ___ L_J ""fUIIges __E;;;n:.;:J.-.;I~i$;.;.h;.;'...;U;.;r:.;:d:.:u::..._t _l __ t_J l 2qq

CONflDlNllAL Sbp No. __1::.1_ 3 -96/2 ....

••. for ~IWIICIy lIIIn1ed _men only . ~i' "" . t"',mePIICI of of w«k VIII./T_n) ____...:.;X:.- ___ W A." mmll,p X n Z (.) NIIIIe or £stabllsbment~--_X:;:...--­ I (11), Hacure of Induicry. Tracie, . (It) Afty child bOrn In _"t. GIla yea..:.f... · "",:X::'__ L_J • Frareulon Dr .Servlce ____...:.X:- ____ r~) ~.01 "rlh . lehanabad r-, r-T --.-,

______IL_I.._~_~ I' I . .;~ ~ ltul'Il/Urblll U ,- - :-I -i• 4Il Gay. . I I I (0) Ocscr'pC(Qn of Work ____.:.X;:_ ___ iii (c) ~IIUI~-.--_-_;::='-l!..---I--r""

, 'L(d) sr." ICoun-_.,,___ -=~=_----'- Bihar ; _.1._-' I : i-I--r~ ______I'-_.L._.1_ I J- ';..K8. (a) PlIca of We , ...... _.:_'p ... alllltollll ______. r-, - ,.--. «I) C; .... 01 worker: ____--:X;.;_ ___ ~ j , I L. ~

CiNsUs OF ,MDlA ID'lt hd~.GJ lldlYklual Slip Slip No. 15 Lot:Idgn Code __ l~!L~ ______-( 10) HlusUiold fold: r. I. HI... Oulari 16. t1AIN Ac-nvny .. RlIIJtonINp B " to hr..d rather $ San's w;re OJ l> Worker CC, A L, ~'r-'\ Ca) BI'GICI H H I, 0 W ,X, ~_j o Cltegory , II) Non-CH, ST, R, 4. Ap, ___....:2:::;;:O:..,_ __ .--, Worker 0. 8 I. 0 I .. I1IrJal nuus _____~M.!- _____ LJ i i Ot,. Pllce of WO. k 2 (Nline 01 Village /Town) ___...:;.X~.;_:..__ ;1! (c) NaRlO 01 E'stabllshman~ ____J.x~ ___ loa., c!tild born In 'hi lase one. }'UP Yes ~ (d) Nature of 'ndun,),. Tl'llde. C~) o 'rof_lon or Servloe _____:;:X~ __~ r~) Pr.. or birth Kishanganj .--, ... ,,.--,-,--, I , I ~ (Id RuraliL1rbaD R ,.. • , _____ ------L-I.-.... -.J ... ' -I.I --', Ce) Dtscrlptlon of Work ___~X:.:.- ____ -~ ,Cc) Di"'~ 0 ,--r-J. oft t : tf_ W> Stite 'COun,_'_,~____ .c.X~_ __~. '-_ J._oJ r-a. ______L._.L_..1.r-I--r-' _-' I I .' i (I) PIIc8 c:.( laic residence _..;K_;;i;.:.sh;,;i:;,:n:;jl,.:a::,:n:&.i __~~ r-, 9 r-l (I) C,Iaa of worl!.er.:...-___--liX~ ___ L,J m(It). R.raI/Urt-..n ____~R ___ r __ ,-_J t; Cc) Olnr, ~ 0;' : : fW. SECONDARY WOP.K , ,r-.. :s ------~---._'-T__,, 1 1 (a) Broact (Co Al. HHr. OW, X , , -t. (cO State i COUntry X ,l_ 1. _ J ClEeiOry , I.._.J o a Dlamion (J( Res1dence n the Vitl.-, r ' '-l (II) Place of wer" CUOWlt of £numeration >.. 2 ,!. _ J ,tN,me o! vmlae/TowlI) X 1'-1 '0. Relzlon H _1_ oJ g3:: (c) Nlml of Esl4bllshment _____..:X~ ___ -., - -I (01) Nltaro of InduKry. Tl'llde. U. S"orC•, X I; t 1 ~ PrOf_Kloft or Service, _____.._.X~ ___ So 1: r------, ~':.':4-:,~, Ci .,'- ______X .J"-_" ....t _JI 8'Z r'-r-T--' ... , . I' 'I. Literacy [-, ~ ------'- _L.._L.-' (1 orO) 0 __''''I D' X tt. EdIlCl\l:irl.& & ,.-.,-., llO} Iscrl"ClOft 0., wor,"

______.....:~ ___'="=""L _.J __I level X" I ... Hodl", _ r-,--r--, '--I--r. TO"Iv, ____,_;:..:.:.::.:.::.::.... Hindi' __ L_A. • _ _,I __•I ,L J., ..L, I• ... OdIer '--T-"--" -- ,r---1 Ir.lJUI£t1 " L_.1 __ L • ..I (f) CI.. X " • t of_,..,' ____ -:;.:-X ___ .. _.. 301

, COHflDiNllAl' CENSUS OF INDIA aW11 izdNO'~_- Slip No. 48, 3 ,,96/1 (I) _,

\II.. tWN "c"vnj

l) Worker (e, ALe ~ r-' (0) 8rOl4 HHI. OW . AL lJ ateF'l . n) Non.~. ST. R. W f] ,._., Worlrer 0.. '. 0 , . '-_ , ______",_. ____ L__t a. "''''PI,uor. M J • i (10) ,,- of work Q:rl'llllly ..rrleel women only i .. For • ~ (Nlm. oJ Vlll.p/Town) ___.,..J.X~ ___ fa) A.. It marrll&' . . It n Z 'e) N.". or EIt.,,"s1uHnC~ _____"'X~ ___ Cit) Aft'l dill" 110m In \h..... , 011& yVt No L_..J i (tl> Haw.-. of ladllltll. T..u. rT. , • '~r.1Ifon or Serviilo_· ____.::;X~ ___ aII' .... or IIInh p"tn. ,. .... , .. , .. ~ U' I ______.... .r-T---,L_i._l_-, ~ CIt) "u,.I/U..... L oJ ~ "-. - . ~) ~~o~Wo~ _____~X~ _____ .!!!!C.(_,., ~ Patn. .--,.-"f· f • .:LCIP Sat./collft"', ___--=~::;.. Bihar' __I10._ J.t _ _,: ~ DL_ . ..(a) .-_ cd bit r.... Jehanabad , ______r-r-r-l L.'_L._.&_.I .J ,(It) ~dr.,/th~.----...!UI£-_--r-L--l (I) a.aor~_---~X~·---~[] .. (e) I)Jurlec Gaya t: I ~AkY ~ S ------~~=---,.-~--,I I I r"·(A) 8,. ~ AL HH" OW) r-' ,X. • f..(.I) Sat./CCllllltty Bihar. L.;.L_J ' ClCeJOl')' • 1.-'" .. D_llOn· d RMdcQC~ II dI. Vii'" . r-1-1 ' lit, PIa of work, , or co_ of ElluAlcratian 14 L _ J. _ J ~ (Name of VIlIa&./TO¥In) _____.:X~· - ___ '--1-1 - .. lellzlon H . l_..L':" -I ~ (e) Hem. of f.lblll""'enc-:-___--=X;.;_ ___ S. c.1 . \ I r - 'T - -. ,.. (cI) Nlcllre of 'ndu~ry; Trwd., IL CIt _. X . t , I '" fror-nlor. or $Irvlce X So T r --- __ -- .. ------, ::::,.. ~.: .. :::( ~ . -----...::~-- .L_~-_--_.?C--- __ ~Jt-!.-J A r-r-T-' ... Llte~C)' 0 [J. . -.----,------L-... ~ ... -. • ,t:t.~~'1 ' ...... i,.-., tl (e) Descrlpcton of Work X .... , x.. •L_.1_-' ,I , . ... Hotll er .--,--,-.... ,--.--.-, TOII,IIt ______· ...;M,;a;lllt;a:.:.hi:.-~_ Lt I . t , l .I • I w _ ... _~ __I ------..• ... om. I'r-T-"--" ' - ...., -..1.-.1,.,--, ...... -.. ' ___ .:.:.&IiI».LHindi ___1L .' _l __. I L._;" • (t) C*' of...... X t._J PldNo.C] CIIGUS o. OUIIA .... 1a4lvlclIM Slip Sbp No. I - I.ooCloftc:ad. ____ J![51~ _____{ s ) ., ..J Name Am,r Kisku .. R.I."on~lp r-Il co head Held l-.L.J I) Workar (c. At.. '\::!!_/ r-., ~Stx 0 0 (.) Broacf "HI. OW ~ LJ Cltepy II) Non-(H. ST. I'l. illfJ 4APi__ .-e- ___~4~l ______.... r-, Wor'" 0.81.0) . I...... rftllltltus ______il-_ ...... __ LJ I ~ (1.). ,._ of work . Ie For carren'l)' ..rrtId women o~ ~ (N.me of Village/Town) PL fit) A,. I. m.,rJ". ____....JX~ __ n Z Cc) N ..... of Establlsbment Gpyt.. Hllb SchOOl (It) '"'" diU to"' ... ,he tast ona yUf_....:...:.-_L_.JX i (eI) Natur. of Industry. r~. ' . ., Profewoo' or Service Bihar State ..,-'. (e.} 'lace of bltdt ____--=..:L=-- p ______- Educational Service' r-, r-T -,-, I I X ______~. L_L_I • ...... I ~:::c (I., Rural/Urban r _L_.J - • I I ICe) OIIcrICl- X :--:--~ (e) Deacrlpllon of Work ___...;;;TeIII.:;;;'*-=;...... ___ ...,..., MoaI 'i.(cO Suce/CDvrrrry. X L _1_ j _ ____-r-'--r-' ,I,-_J. ___ -'• 'lieffB. (.) PIIaI of b •• ,...... ___..:p~t=______.., r--. (f) Clasl of worker:·____ ..:: EE :.... ___fi..... " J C.) ""rll/UrIllA __~-...... ::;X;:---;- • .L-i ; (e) DI&trI= X L_l._: SECONDAAY.~ ;;) ( I I ·f"·. (.-) 81"01d (Co AL. HHI. OWl X Tool t.Ccl) Sace/ COun,,, X L _1_ J Cllelory . _..,g,...... -'- ...'" .. Din.lion of .Resfcleftft u che Yill-e r - .... - ., (I., .Place of _,II ...... X I I I X 01 fGWD cf Eft • ..,...,;c.R-____-:.;;:.._ "'-T-',__ .1_ J ._.2 (Nut. .of VIII8p/T_II),_'------=~--- IQ, Aella ChristIan ~~.L ~ (~) Nlm. of (suWsllrllel\t ____--'Xo... ____ 10n J . r - 'T --. ,. Cd) N.w... of InduRry; TlUe. IL S. C. r X t I I I ~ . Pnlt.aIor or $ervlr.e _____,.,jXO"" ___ CI r------.,~':.-4-:.~ 0-' LT., SAN TAL II I ,~ ------...... --.,. .. r - T-' ______...... _L. , _'-_'. ,'- ....' x ... Ecluad6n11 ,.. ... ~ ., ....I, ______;B;.:.:....:;A.:=.I,Z • .:B::._:T,l.._.... t _J _J M. Hoeller ,..-,... -,.,.... ,..-,--.-.... $Incali 11.1 II.', Ton.. L·_;I,,_-' __I L. .• ... .• II. CcII.. r-T-'-'" --- -- ...... Enllisb. Hindi t_j:_t_J (I) a..orWDrller·____ .AX~.- __ [J 303

CIJI$UI Of INDIA ...

lDd~ Slip t.Dcadoa ~.- __ _3L~l.S.! ____ '_ -( 2 ) ...... He. ~ 61 I. Naml Bilasl. I. Rltilllonshtp r-~ 10 1It.4 _____d::a::u::l'~h.::.:t.::.r ___ L..L.J &hK(!) [J ~ ~, ___.=.J2=--_ ......

.. ft.. _tuI _____M~ _____.. Wr""

.. lor Cilrnncry -1T1.:4 wOlllen ollly E.(1.) PIa 01_" . 9 (NellIe 01 v'u.a-trowa) ___~X!io- __ W A", .. ~ ____;.1.::.3 ___ r: Z (4 N.. or EIUWIsbJl'lCllt ____Xar... ___ (W ~, chdd 110m In cite IM& 011& rap Yes L_J ! (d) Nature of Imlllltl)'. ~.... • ProIiIaIon or Service ____.... X~..;... __ r'·t.) ,,_ oIl11rc11 Saltalpur ,.-, ~-'T-~ a I • __..... ______IL. _1.._..; .. -.1I ;EJ 0.) Runi/UrbIn ... . ~ - ... -i «.. (_'.., ~ -Oearf& r:,.--r-" C.) o.atlilloll of Work ___.A. ___ _ S_/CouII..... Unar Praclesh , • : t.(tI) _" ... _.L_-, '--'--r-' & ______;. _____ L._"'-'"I I _.... • ... Issc ,...... W .... or B"t,lgut . r--, ,..., .. , . (I) c... ot ....____ ----QX._-_~.: (It) ..../Ur_ . D r u'-_~ 1 SECONDARY WOIlII. . '- Dear'.' ' • ". :5-(4 DIIuIc r-t~ '.)!tcU.

CONFlDENnAL CIMSUS Of INDIA 1m flldlvlclualSltp su, No. _-:5:,3_ l.ocIClan CocIe.....: ___ 5 ) ...... Nca. 61 ., lL!I.J.! _____ -( r- -I

I. Nalle .. aabY of Bl!asi. la I1AIN ~cnVITY .. Relationship ~hQ,~d ______d_a_u.lh~t~.~r~·s~s=o~ft __ __ OJ· I) Worker (c. U. \D r-, (.) 8r0a4 HHI. DW X l_J &kx (;) 0 category II) Non·tH. ST. R. 4 ~p~. ____~~ ______LR\ fJ p-, Worbr 0. 8 I. 0 ) I._ .. I1arltallU;~s ____...LN:3.!Mu... _____... LJ I .. For ~renl', mlrrled wonien only i "',. Pita of work ~ (Name of Vll11ce /Town) ____Xa... ____ W lop" mvrbr ____"'X~ __ z (c) N_ of.E'dabUshm ______,cX..._ ___ (L) Aft'J dIIId bom In die las, Ollayu,r.r _~Xl.-_ L_Jn i (d) Nature or IlIIIulCI)'. rnicle. ,-7. P • ProIUaIon or· Service _____..;.·.t.XIl-...;..__ .... (.) PIIm or Wl'th L r-, ______, L_I._r-T-'--l .. _ _' X I • , . •J ") "ulIl!Urbaft ,.. -:--i (e) DucrrptioR of Work _____X~ ____ .,; (4.. CIaI1cc. X I--:--J .:. I I : LCoI) Srat.JCOrlMr'l,______....&.X~.__ __'_ _ J. _ _, . r-'--r--' _ ____~ ____I' L_.L_..& _~• -aW PIa. of Ialt rtsldlmce ___PuL:.- ______I r--' (I) eM of YIOrltc"______~X~ ____ LJ,.-'" i x' I II (L) .1\.. l/u' ...·---~:t.----r ".:---1 :; (c) 'a&uIct ______.. ~X:...... ;. __ , • _: W. SECOND"'W WOII.IC. - !i r-r I t·) BrOicS (c. AL HHI OW) X .. Ir-' .. cae-coil' I I tL Ccl) Scatel Coanl" x' L_l_J 1.-" ,..-,- ., (L) Plica or _ric .. D_1an lIed'ence It 'Iw VIII!:_ or • • I ~ (Ntme of Vllla'./Town) ___...,.;X ___ _ CIt cow. d Enu::Iemian X L._J._J f r-T-l ~ (e) Name offlUbllr"me"': _____-Al ..... __ _ .. Reh.JIDn H L._..L _ _. , r-~--' ,... (d) Nlture of Inclullll'. Trad., 5. c. CHAHAl. ,... I i pror,lIIon or Servlc. _____.X~--- or r------.~'=,':,,~-=I .1. ~ ______~L_L~ s. T., X ,I , • r-r-T-"" ~ ______LI _'-_"''_'I • I· • llCtnq ~ [ .. , ~-~ ~ ~ • EduCI&I6nll i . r-,.-"" live' ' • I • Mother rOo ,~-_i----=: T,...... __• __I____ ..:;=Y: Bholpur"__:.!a._:...._ L_.L_I "'• __t• • Qbw X r-T-l~-l ~ _ L_~ __L_~ CDHIIDINIJAl r'dMo.~ Slip No. _-=3;.:2., __ J

(I.,. Prare Qf work .. lOr CllfRlltl)' milTled women only i' 2 (Na:r.o of Village Irlilwn) .. PL W "" It mlrrllf:s ____":X;,:_ __ _ z Ie) Name of cszablishmellt Cen£r.al ~a"k pf 'nita (\) An, chIIct born 11\ dI. last 0.'\1. yur_____ X nL_.J ~ ·(11) N.tllre of l!\Quury, TAllt, r"· G "rorasston or Service . &lakin!· ~ (.) fltca cf birth Kathmanciu r-., .. , I ______I"-'T-'''-'l.I _L._I .a._.J, !~, aumJUrblll X ,. _L_.1 · t t t f (c) ·CII&rIIS X I Ca) Descrlytlon of Work __;N;.;;.;.clg:.,::il:,::t...;C;;:;.· :.:.;hOLw~k::.':id::.ar:..· _ ,I t--"-~ 'L(d) Sra&e/CoIIIICr) Nepal t... -~• __. : ______...;__L. Ir--'--r-' I _J·1 ... a. _J._-' WPIleI of lase tellllaat 8.ratnagar 1"-' (f) ct.. oFworlal:r: ____..::£:iE _____ L r-' J ~ allftl/urt.a X r • +-i . Il; (c) DIaCrIc& _____...:;:X~ ____ : • t 1TO SECONDARY ~ ~ ... -,.--' • t ' (at Broacl (c. AI_ HHr. OW) HM. f-1 t!. (tI) SCUll COUftIrJ . Nepal ~_l_J n"~~ ~_~ r-,--. (\) Place of work a. Dllfltl~ or Recld_ Ie ella VIII8,. I I I • caWD ar L"lllmcratian 2 . t.._.L_J '"f (!~IIII. of VIUap/TGWII) PL ... -T--, ~ (cl Name or £stabhshrnen, No parclcgJar naml. sa. lten&,on H" ;======::;-... _.... _..J )0 (III) Naturo of Industry. Tn~e. . . 'L So Col X I r-l-1 a: ProfcISIOI: or ServICe KRlttlng of L§ ::.~~~~ woofen Sweators for sale' . :t•• j------X ---.I t I I .- r-r-T ....· II. LlUnq ~- A ______J ... _~[:~ • I 1 I ~ -.. ____ -----L. _1..._ ... _. to: (LorO) ~ -J Knictlnc SWeaten sa. Educatlon,I' ,.-,.-.. -l (.1 OucrlpCloII of tv_ 1eY.1 VI tit Standard L J J r--r--.-~ ,4. Hadler· "'-'~r---' I • I t TonPl ______N_.e.:.;p_al_I __ L-.l._-'' • ·f __,I L_J._.... _-' r-") 'I. ~.. Hindi "'-T-'--'I I .1 t (I) ella 01 -a,___ ....:.f...,;W.:- ___ L_J ~ L_~._L-j QNSUS OF INDIA 1m PadN~~ IadlYidual sUp Shp No. 100 LocaCion C'.ocIe __ _ ~{.1JL!. ----- _( 20 ) tfIIuahoki Ncr. ~ '0-2-43 (b) J I. Nallle HjJssaln . .. Relationship CD IS, HAlN ACTIVITY co head Head .11) Worker (C. At.. \. ~.~, -/ ,.-, (e) .'_' . H H f. OW .\5!:!:!.J L...J· OJ ~lOry . . (II) Non·eH. ST. R. . 4. A".I____ 401.: 5=--___ ~ rJ r-, . WlII'kIr o.·81.Q.~ ~ &. ~ ______~t!. ______' , .. tbrlcallutus_ ~ e. IVr QlFrentl, married wom.n onll i CItt- Place of work· ~ (Nlm. vlII"i'Town). PL (.) Ap 1& marrl"P ____~X~ ___ -0' Z (c) of Elubllshmen\ HUssain &: Co. X n tr._ (.) All'! cIIdd 110m In tltt lase 0Il& yellt.t _~~_ L_-' ~ (d) Natura of IMUI'ry •.T.,..s., C I . . ., Profeuloll,or Service . urry and ,-7. H d n, (e) PIleI of birth Y .rabad ,..-., Tannin. orh.des & skin· . ______L_L_"'-"-"'--1, , .a._-'Ii %~ (.) 1l.lnl/Urblll U r - ~" -1 =Ii (eJ D~ ____H~Y.!iL·II.I. d nJ,;alolb~'d~--:--r-of I , • (e) Dacrlpuon of Wort Workln, ·AroPdltCl£ .: . • I : LC.o S"te/Councry Andbra Pradesh .... _ .L_ ~ r-a. . ______"'-'--r-'I L_L_" I . _ ....I ;. (.) PlIca or WI: rellden", __--'N.;..:,jaglirolp::.lu~r ___ _ r-, is lJ r-l (I) Clus of worke~'.... · ___ .....:E:.R::...~--L ~ .. !i (I,) IluraI/Urban ______:lot----r __ ,-_J ... . • 1 I n. $ECOND~J\YiWOI\I(. .3 (eJ OIRrJcC Nal2ur :--~-..: f 1 I ta) BrOld (c:. AL. "HI OW, X [-1 'I!. .'(d) Stice/Country Maharashtra L_' .J Qt"gory • _ .....:....&._-1 r" , (\) Place of wort a. Duntltln of Residence Ie tbe Villa,,, • I 0/1 COWD til EnuiilentiDn . 2 1_ ... _J (Name or VIII.,e/Town) . X ~r ("'-T-1 ~ (c) Nama of Establl.hment ______X~ ___ to.. Relillon 1·- :.. _1 __, )t (d) Natura of Itlduury. Tl1Ide. .. tr-~-~ ~ P,ofQlllor. or Servlce _____..: X;.:_· ___ IL S. C:": . . x' , I ;!t·r ------. :=.. :.-:}~-=: ·.1 X II I I ... - --_~ ____ .... ___ -' L_.&.._J ~ ------.r-f'- T-~ ~ ____--- __I L _L.o_,-I I _,I Ia.· Litera" ~. [-, ... ~ ~~~ ~ ~ X IS. Educulcmal 8 S ,..-T·-., :""'l fo}. oeSCrlPCIoft. of Wo.oric ....el . '. c. (Leather Tech.)' 1 I .. M - - L_J_-, I.. other ,..-,--..---. r-re-r-1 I I I TanlUe, ___. ~~U~r~dl.ll"L--- _ • LI _ oJ.I _ _,I __I, L_J._..a._..I , .. Other "'-T-'--' (f) Class rII worker, ____.;&,X ..... ___ _ IanlU¥ TeJulU,EogUsh t_l __ L_J I~J 3Q7 e i i j ,Cf'I.... 1~1~'ill N 'Cg .e. " IiOi ! i ~: i ' I "~...... I §J. ~ I I I I 1 ~~ I I I , ~ 0 I tI- I .~c:::. .,.. t I .... ~ '10 I .e .... "'I I I I I I I ~-10 "i tJ;IIlim .EI I i": .~~ N a :s 0 ! "6 -gj 0 .... Id~ ... 11111'>11 .. -"6 11 i~ ~ J I 010 ~I 0 II'>I~II"). ~ .HzI u ,1ft i!J 0 • I ~'>'>~ I I").

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• STATE CAPITAL o

DISTRICT HEAOQUARTERS *(1) POCKET FOR GWAllOR OISTRICT G

BOUNDARY STATE...... _._._._ DIVISION",, ____ DISTRICT. NOTE; THE FIGURES II~LOW THE OISTRtCT NAI,HS REPRESENT

THE POPULATION OF THE O!5T1UC T TAHSIL ......

WHERE THE DoSTRle"!' NAIrIIE DIFFERS FROIro4 In HEADCUARTERS o )2 TOWN NAIIIE THE FORwER HAS SEEN wRITTEN IN BRACKET'