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Missan, Wassit & Qadissiya Governorate Profiles Post-February 2006 Idp Needs Assessments December 2007

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Missan, Wassit & Qadissiya Governorate Profiles Post-February 2006 Idp Needs Assessments December 2007 MISSAN, WASSIT & QADISSIYA GOVERNORATE PROFILES POST-FEBRUARY 2006 IDP NEEDS ASSESSMENTS DECEMBER 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section: Page: I. IOM Assessment Background 1 II. Area Overview 2 1. Area Background Dahuk il b r 2. Restrictions on IDP Entry or Registration E S u la a y 3. Ethnicity and Religion ew m in a N n iy 4. Places of origin a 5. Reasons for displacement Kirkuk h 6. Pre-2006 IDP population S al 7. IDP relations w/ host community ah a l- Di D n iy 8. IDP Intentions a l III. Emergency Assessment and Needs 5 a 1. Security 5 Baghdad i. Security Kerbala Wassit Q Babylon a d ii. Vulnerabilities Anbar is si iii. Women and Children ya Missan 2. Shelter and Basic Services 7 Thi-Qar i. Shelter (living arrangements) Najaf ii. Food/PDS Basrah iii. Water and Sanitation Muthanna iv. Fuel and Electricity v. Health Care vi. Education 3. Legal 10 i. Property Issues ii. Documentation IV. Humanitarian Assistance Received 11 V. Priority Needs 11 1. Top Priority Needs 2. JOC Projects VI. Conclusion 13 I. POST-FEBRUARY 2006 IDP ASSESSMENTS: BACKGROUND Following the 22 February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari Mosque, sectarian violence led to an alarming increase in population displacement within Iraq. In coordination with the Iraqi Ministry of Displacement and Migration (MoDM) and other entities, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) is conducting in-depth assessments on recently displaced persons throughout Iraq. IOM monitors use IDP Rapid Assessment questionnaires to gather information from MoDM, IDP tribal and community leaders, local NGOs, local government bodies, and individual IDP families. Based on a database of this information, IOM disseminates bi-weekly, bi-annual, and annual reports containing updates, statistics, and analyses on displacement.1 These assist IOM and other organizations in prioritizing areas of operation, planning emergency responses, and designing long-term, durable solutions programs. As of the time of writing, there are an estimated 1.2 million 2 Iraqis internally displaced since February 2006. While the rate of displacement has decreased considerably towards the end of 2007 and some IDPs are beginning to return, the number of displaced is still significant and far exceeds the number who have returned. This is one of six Iraq Governorate Profile reports released by IOM at the close of 2007. These reports profile the displacement situation in each Iraq governorate, using statistics and reporting from the field. 1 IOM reports are available at http://www.iom-iraq.net/idp.html . 2 Based on information provided by MoDM and the Kurdistan Regional Government. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION II. OVERVIEW 1. Area Background Missan Qadissiya Wassit Capital Amara Diwaniya Kut Al-Kahla, Al-Maimouna, Al-Mejar Afaq, Diwaniya, Hamza, Al- Al-Hai, Al-Na’maniya, Al- Districts Al-Kabi, Ali Al-Gharbi, Qal’at Shamiya Suwaira, Badra, Kut Saleh, Amara Population 3 1,100,000 individuals 916,000 individuals 939,000 individuals 4 5,732 families (est. 39,070 3,577 families (est. 22,336 11,257 families (est. 69,425 Total post-Feb 2006 IDPs individuals) individuals) individuals) 5 18,871 families (est. 113,226 1,154 families (est. 6,924 2,030 families (est. 12,180 Total pre-Feb 2006 IDPs individuals) individuals) individuals) Number of post-Feb 2006 5,696 families (est. 34,176 3,673 families (est. 22,038 11,690 families (est. 70,140 IDPs assessed by IOM 6 individuals) individuals) individuals) The governorates of Missan, Wassit, and Qadissiya are located in the upper-southeast region of Iraq, south of Diyala and north of Basrah and Thi-Qar. Missan and Wassit sit on the eastern edge of the country and both share long borders with Iran. Missan is considered one of the poorest governorates in Iraq. Sharing the largest area of border with Iran, Missan once was a major producer of sugar cane, vegetable oil, paper and plastic, but lack of resources, factory maintenance and power shortage have brought these productions to a halt. Wassit is an important trade center for fruit, vegetables, dates and grain, which can be shipped north to Baghdad and south to Missan and Basrah via the Tigris River. The largest city is the capital, Kut. Wassit’s relative security and homogeneity have made it a primary destination for Shia Arab IDPs fleeing sectarian violence in nearby Diyala and Baghdad. Over the past 30 years Qadissiya, like the neighbouring governorates of Iraq’s lower-south region, has witnessed a significant inflow of internally displaced families driven by the persecution campaigns against the Shia Arabs and the drainage of the marshes carried out by the former regime. Its relative stability and religious homogeneity make it an attractive destination for the recently displaced. Qadissiya is sometimes referred to as Diwaniya, which is the name of the governorate’s capital city. 2. Restrictions on IDP Entry or Registration IDP entry into Missan is open and MoDM is registering IDPs in the governorate. Entry into Qadissiya is restricted, but as of November MoDM Qadissiya had resumed registering IDPs. IDP entry into Wassit is unrestricted and MoDM is registering IDPs. 3. Ethnicity and Religion As is the case throughout southern Iraq, the IDP ethnic and religious profile is almost entirely Shia Arab. 3 As per 1997 census. 4 As per registration by the Ministry of Displacement and Migration. 5 As per IOM Phase II Monitoring, December 2005. 6 Please note that this is the number of post-February 2006 IDPs assessed by IOM, not the total number of IDPs in the governorate. 2 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION 4. Places of Origin Dahuk il b Dahuk r il E rb E 0.08% S u S la 0.14% u a y la ew m a y in a ew m N n in a 2.56% iy N n a iy h 1.51% a Kirkuk h Kirkuk 2.83% 3.95% S a 8 6.21% la 1 Sa 6.14% h l a . ah l- 7 a D 6 D l in i -D D % y in i a y l a a la 86.22% Baghdad Baghdad 4.47% 0.25% 1.05% 0.21% Kerbala Kerbala 0.51% W 0.02% W Babylon assit assit Babylon 1.82% Q Q ad ad Anbar is Anbar is si si ya ya Missan Missan Thi-Qar Thi-Qar Najaf Najaf 0.03% Basrah 0.25% Basrah Muthanna Muthanna Dahuk il b r E S u la a y By far the majority of IDPs in Missan come ew m in a N n 0.50% iy from Baghdad (86%). This is also true for a h Qadissiya (81%) and Wassit (67%). Wassit also Kirkuk contains a large (31%) group of IDPs from 0.15% S 30.92% al ah a Diyala. l- Di D n iy a la 67.01% Baghdad 0.34% 5. Reasons for Displacement Kerbala W Babylon assit 1.08% Q ad Anbar is si The majority (63%) of IDPs assessed in the ya reporting area fled their place of origin due to Missan Thi-Qar general violence. Nearly a third also cited direct Najaf threats to life as a reason for their displacement; Basrah however, in Qadissiya, 94% of IDPs cited direct Muthanna threats to life. Reasons for displacement are as follows: REASONS FOR DISPLACEMENT Missan Qadissiya Wassit Area All Iraq Armed conflict 11.9% 0.4% 0.1% 3.3% 10.3% Direct threats to life 47.1% 94.2% 1.5% 30.0% 62.4% Forced displacement from property 34.1% 0.8% 2.0% 10.4% 25.3% Generalized violence 20.3% 19.9% 97.8% 63.3% 47.0% Left out of fear 60.6% 26.0% 1.8% 21.9% 39.2% Other 0.6% 3.3% 0.0% 0.7% 1.1% When asked whether they felt specifically targeted and if so, why, the overwhelming majority (90%) of IDPs assessed in the reporting area said that they were targeted for religious/sectarian identity. However, 36% of those assessed in Missan said that they did not feel specifically targeted: REASONS FOR BEING TARGETED Missan Qadissiya Wassit Area All Iraq Belonging to a certain ethnic group 0.1% 0.6% 0.0% 0.1% 3.1% 3 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION Belonging to a certain religion or sect 64.6% 97.0% 99.8% 89.8% 86.4% Belonging to a certain social group 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% 1.1% Do not think the group was targeted 35.5% 0.1% 0.0% 9.6% 11.3% Holding a certain political opinion 0.0% 0.0% 3.8% 2.1% 6.1% Less than 1% of IDPs assessed in the reporting area had been displaced more than once. IOM assessments capture IDP date of displacement, which is shown in the line graph below. In this area, most of the IDPs assessed were displaced during 2006. However, in Wassit the majority of IDPs assessed were displaced in March and May of 2007. This movement was mainly from Diyala and Baghdad and may have been a response to the “surge” in MNF-I military operations that began in the first half of 2007. Overall, however, the nationwide rate of displacement slowed considerably during the first half of 2007 when compared with 2006. Although IOM date of displacement data shows this trend continuing into the second half of 2007, caution should be used when reading displacement rates within the last six months because assessments are ongoing and IOM monitors do not reach all IDPs immediately after they are displaced. IDP Date of Displacement Missan 3500 Qadissiya Wassit 3000 2500 2000 1500 Families 1000 500 0 6 7 7 06 6 06 6 07 7 7 07 - -06 -0 -0 t- -0 -07 - l-07 -0 -0 t- b ay-06 n g p c n b ar-07 ay-07 n-0 u g p c Jan-06 e Ju Jul-06 e ec Ja e Ju J e F Mar-06 Apr-06 M Au S O Nov-06 D F M Apr-0 M Au S O 6.
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