ECO BRASS® is the ideal alloy for manufacturers and consumers that require a lead-free, RoHS compliant alloy with high performance, value, and ecological sustainability. An independent, scientific study by UCLA and Virginia Tech confirms that cast components made of ECO BRASS® used for potable water applications are equal to or superior to the traditional leaded and low-leaded bismuth and silicon alloys.

THE STUDY DRIVERS FOR THE STUDY A UCLA Report* was commissioned by the Change in legislation: In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was enacted California Metals Coalition on alternative to ensure safe drinking water for all communities. In 2011, an amendment to lead-free alloys used in cast products for the SDWA mandated that leaded brass in potable water supply components had potable water applications. The study had a to be phased out entirely in the United States. dual purpose of conducting a lifecycle-based assessment of the leaded and lead-free Choices: The resulting availability of lead-free alternatives meant that supply alternative alloys, and the study also chain and end users needed beginning-of-life to end-of-life information so a developed the educational tools to assess thorough and accurate decision could be made between the different options. the lead-free alternative alloys in a broad range of applications. Model: Develop an impartial analytical tool that can be used for evaluating alloys outside the study.

* "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech)

EVALUATION CRITERIA ALLOY SELECTION An advisory board consisted of two subcommittees: manufacturers and At the initial 2011 Advisory Board meeting, users. These subcommittees decided which performance tests the alloys nine different lead-free alloys were identified would go through and how the results should be weighted. as potential candidates for acceptance into the study. Five alloys were selected from this DATA COLLECTION list, two being bismuth alloys: C89833 and To Learn More About ECO BRASS, visit Leaded brass alloy C83600 was chosen as the benchmark alloy for the study C89836, and three were silicon alloys: www.ecobrassingot.com because of its performance and its long history of use in cast components for C87600, C87610, and C87850. potable water applications. The data was assessed based on a scientific ph: 800-537-4291 grading system of the lead-free alternative alloys against the benchmark alloy in performance, value and sustainability. email: [email protected] www.ecobrassingot.com

ALLOYS TESTED

Cu Pb Sn Zn Si Bi P UTS YS E Alloy (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ksi) (ksi) (%)

C87850* 76 21 3 0.1 59 22 16 ® C83600* 85 5 5 5 30 14 20 LEAD-FREE ECO BRASS INGOTS: The Convergence of Performance, C89833* 89 5 3 2.2 30 14 16 Sustainability and Value C89836 89.5 5.5 3 2 33 14 20 THE PROOF IS HERE. "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of C87600* 91 5 4 60 30 16 Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report C87610* 92 4 4 45 18 20 MADE IN for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter © Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC, 2017 * ASTM B584 (Standard Specifications for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications) nominal chemistry, minimum mechanical properties THE USA ECO BRASS is a trademark of Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech) ECO BRASS® is the ideal alloy for manufacturers and consumers that require a lead-free, RoHS compliant alloy with high performance, value, and ecological sustainability. An independent, scientific study by UCLA and Virginia Tech confirms that cast components made of ECO BRASS® used for potable water applications are equal to or superior to the traditional leaded and low-leaded bismuth and silicon alloys.

THE STUDY DRIVERS FOR THE STUDY A UCLA Report* was commissioned by the Change in legislation: In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was enacted California Metals Coalition on alternative to ensure safe drinking water for all communities. In 2011, an amendment to lead-free alloys used in cast products for the SDWA mandated that leaded brass in potable water supply components had potable water applications. The study had a to be phased out entirely in the United States. dual purpose of conducting a lifecycle-based assessment of the leaded and lead-free Choices: The resulting availability of lead-free alternatives meant that supply alternative alloys, and the study also chain and end users needed beginning-of-life to end-of-life information so a developed the educational tools to assess thorough and accurate decision could be made between the different options. the lead-free alternative alloys in a broad range of applications. Model: Develop an impartial analytical tool that can be used for evaluating alloys outside the study.

* "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech)

EVALUATION CRITERIA ALLOY SELECTION An advisory board consisted of two subcommittees: manufacturers and At the initial 2011 Advisory Board meeting, users. These subcommittees decided which performance tests the alloys nine different lead-free alloys were identified would go through and how the results should be weighted. as potential candidates for acceptance into the study. Five alloys were selected from this DATA COLLECTION list, two being bismuth alloys: C89833 and To Learn More About ECO BRASS, visit Leaded brass alloy C83600 was chosen as the benchmark alloy for the study C89836, and three were silicon alloys: www.ecobrassingot.com because of its performance and its long history of use in cast components for C87600, C87610, and C87850. potable water applications. The data was assessed based on a scientific ph: 800-537-4291 grading system of the lead-free alternative alloys against the benchmark alloy in performance, value and sustainability. email: [email protected] www.ecobrassingot.com

ALLOYS TESTED

Cu Pb Sn Zn Si Bi P UTS YS E Alloy (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ksi) (ksi) (%)

C87850* 76 21 3 0.1 59 22 16 ® C83600* 85 5 5 5 30 14 20 LEAD-FREE ECO BRASS INGOTS: The Convergence of Performance, C89833* 89 5 3 2.2 30 14 16 Sustainability and Value C89836 89.5 5.5 3 2 33 14 20 THE PROOF IS HERE. "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of C87600* 91 5 4 60 30 16 Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report C87610* 92 4 4 45 18 20 MADE IN for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter © Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC, 2017 * ASTM B584 (Standard Specifications for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications) nominal chemistry, minimum mechanical properties THE USA ECO BRASS is a trademark of Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech) PERFORMANCE SUSTAINABILITY VALUE

Eight Year Water Meter Evaluation* Abundance Of Chemical Elements In Element 1= Most Abundant ECO BRASS® VALUE Earth’s Crust Silicon 2 Phosphorus 11 100% 100% The UCLA study reviewed the total life cycle of all the alloys, Dezincification Attribute C87850 C89836 C83600 Corrosion Zinc 25 80% 80% beginning with availability of chemical elements in the earth’s Copper 26 Copper Content 75-78% 87-91% 84-86% 60% Perfect Condition: 60% crust through the end of life recyclability, and ability of No Dezincification Lead 37 Corrosion separating the alloyed elements at end of life. 2 2 2 40% 40% Tin 49 Density 0.300 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 20% 20% Bismuth 69 Melting Point 1616°F 1885°F 1850°F

100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% 100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% Platinum 71 Least Energy 0.28 kWh/lb 0.341 kWh/lb 0.325 kWh/lb Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass C87850 C87850 C87850 Yield 95% 92% 92% Low Moderate High LEADED LEAD-FREE

Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Brass Pivot Nut Brass Pivot Nut Furnace Refractory Life 2X 1X 1X

Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut C83600 C89833 C89836 C87850 C87600 C87610 Si-Brass C87850: Body *Evaluation was performed by Virginia Tech on meters that had been in service for eight years in Japan. Si-Brass C87850: Body Si-Brass C87850: Body Red Brass Bismuth Brass Bismuth Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Mold Sand Life 3X 1X 1X Low Moderate High Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Physical Properties Manufacturability With Current Processes 1X 1X 1X Density (lb/in3) 0.318 0.317 0.318 0.300 0.300 0.302 Melting Point - Liquid Temp (°F) 1850 1877 1885 1616 1780 1780 600 40% DZ (µm) Melting Point - Solid Temp (°F) 1570 1454 1580 1571 1580 1510 35% 500 Zn Leaching mg/L Freezing Range (°F) 280 423 305 45 270 270 30% % Zn in Alloy 400 Pour Temp - Light Casting (°F) 2100 2170 2170 1900 2000 2000 WHY SHOULD YOU SPECIFY Dezincification Resistance 25% -2350 -1960 -2150 -2150 No alloys exhibited dezincification in the ISO6509 test 300 20% Pour Temp - Heavy Casting (°F) 1951 2000 2000 1830 1900 1900 ECO BRASS CASTINGS? -2151 -2090 -2090 1850 -2000 -2000 which is used internationally to predict long-term water 15% 200* Average Pour Temp (°F) 2138 2108 2108 1885 2013 2013 ® fitting performance in corrosive drinking water. 10% Key Lead-free ECO BRASS Characteristics Make The Critical Difference When % Zn in Composition Zn Leaching (mg/L) 100 5% Superheat (Pour T (°F) - Liquidus (°F) 288 231 231 269 233 233 It Comes To Your Brass Material Selection For Potable Water Components

*ISO6509-2 specifies 200µ or less of dezincification Dezincification Depth ( µ m) / 2 for forgings and castings 0 0% Machinability (Rating) 84 81 85 70 40 40 Performance…ECO BRASS® exhibits high dezincification C83600 C89833 C87610 resistance meaning the parts last as long as the traditional leaded alloys. C87850 Low - Zn C87850 Med - Zn

Target Alternative Sustainability…from foundry through fabrication ECO BRASS® requires less energy, creates fewer emissions and Environmental Impact: Life Cycle Stage Criteria C83600 C89833/ C87600/ C87850 Underground Corrosion Simulation Pitting Resistance Stress Corrosion Cracking • Lower pour temperatures of Silicon Brass = lower C89836 C87610 uses Silicon, which is abundant All alloys showed sulfide scaling in a chemical All alloys resisted pitting in the high pH, All alloys were free from cracking during energy and CO2 emissions ® Beginning-of-life Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = = Cost/Value…ECO BRASS alloys provide for less waste, the ASTM B858 one day and UL1821 environment known to cause corrosion high chloride water of the type that causes • Silicon Brass results in lower waste generation Human Health Impact Benchmark - + + easier machining and lower cost than competitive alloys similar to that experienced by underground pitting failures in copper pipe. ten day tests. compared to Bismuth Brass Alloy Technical Performance Benchmark = + + components. Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark = + + ® Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ Density…ECO BRASS is 6% less dense than Human Health: Stress Corrosion Cracking Test 16% Sulfide Test 0.8% Free Chlorine Test Component Technical Performance Benchmark - -- + C89836 and C83600, which saves consumers money Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 14% 0.7% • Eliminates lead emissions 100% Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 12% 0.6% • Lower flue dust emissions 80% Use Technical Performance Benchmark - = = ECO BRASS® can assure you that your lead-free components 60% 10% 0.5% Environmental Impact Benchmark = = = 8% 0.4% Human Health Impact Benchmark ++ ++ ++ are in strict compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act

Pass Rate 40% End-of-life Technical Performance Benchmark -- = = 20% 6% 0.3% and RoHS regulations. It is manufactured by Chase Brass, Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = =

Percent Weight Loss Percent Weight 4% Loss Percent Weight 0.2% one of the world’s leading providers of brass products including 0% Human Health Impact Benchmark + + + 87850 87850 87610 89833 83600 2% 0.1% ® Low Zinc High Zinc Cumulative Environmental Impact Benchmark -- + + rod, ingots and forgings for product fabrication. ECO BRASS 0% 0% ® 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 ingots are also available from Chase ECO BRASS partners; Low Zinc High Zinc Low Zinc High Zinc ++ MUCH BETTER + BETTER = COMPARABLE - WORSE -- MUCH WORSE California Metal-X and Ingot Metals. Visit www.ecobrassingot.com for more information PERFORMANCE SUSTAINABILITY VALUE

Eight Year Water Meter Evaluation* Abundance Of Chemical Elements In Element 1= Most Abundant ECO BRASS® VALUE Earth’s Crust Silicon 2 Phosphorus 11 100% 100% The UCLA study reviewed the total life cycle of all the alloys, Dezincification Attribute C87850 C89836 C83600 Corrosion Zinc 25 80% 80% beginning with availability of chemical elements in the earth’s Copper 26 Copper Content 75-78% 87-91% 84-86% 60% Perfect Condition: 60% crust through the end of life recyclability, and ability of No Dezincification Lead 37 Corrosion separating the alloyed elements at end of life. 2 2 2 40% 40% Tin 49 Density 0.300 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 20% 20% Bismuth 69 Melting Point 1616°F 1885°F 1850°F

100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% 100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% Platinum 71 Least Energy 0.28 kWh/lb 0.341 kWh/lb 0.325 kWh/lb Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass C87850 C87850 C87850 Yield 95% 92% 92% Low Moderate High LEADED LEAD-FREE

Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Brass Pivot Nut Brass Pivot Nut Furnace Refractory Life 2X 1X 1X

Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut C83600 C89833 C89836 C87850 C87600 C87610 Si-Brass C87850: Body *Evaluation was performed by Virginia Tech on meters that had been in service for eight years in Japan. Si-Brass C87850: Body Si-Brass C87850: Body Red Brass Bismuth Brass Bismuth Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Mold Sand Life 3X 1X 1X Low Moderate High Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Physical Properties Manufacturability With Current Processes 1X 1X 1X Density (lb/in3) 0.318 0.317 0.318 0.300 0.300 0.302 Melting Point - Liquid Temp (°F) 1850 1877 1885 1616 1780 1780 600 40% DZ (µm) Melting Point - Solid Temp (°F) 1570 1454 1580 1571 1580 1510 35% 500 Zn Leaching mg/L Freezing Range (°F) 280 423 305 45 270 270 30% % Zn in Alloy 400 Pour Temp - Light Casting (°F) 2100 2170 2170 1900 2000 2000 WHY SHOULD YOU SPECIFY Dezincification Resistance 25% -2350 -1960 -2150 -2150 No alloys exhibited dezincification in the ISO6509 test 300 20% Pour Temp - Heavy Casting (°F) 1951 2000 2000 1830 1900 1900 ECO BRASS CASTINGS? -2151 -2090 -2090 1850 -2000 -2000 which is used internationally to predict long-term water 15% 200* Average Pour Temp (°F) 2138 2108 2108 1885 2013 2013 ® fitting performance in corrosive drinking water. 10% Key Lead-free ECO BRASS Characteristics Make The Critical Difference When % Zn in Composition Zn Leaching (mg/L) 100 5% Superheat (Pour T (°F) - Liquidus (°F) 288 231 231 269 233 233 It Comes To Your Brass Material Selection For Potable Water Components

*ISO6509-2 specifies 200µ or less of dezincification Dezincification Depth ( µ m) / 2 for forgings and castings 0 0% Machinability (Rating) 84 81 85 70 40 40 Performance…ECO BRASS® exhibits high dezincification C83600 C89833 C87610 resistance meaning the parts last as long as the traditional leaded alloys. C87850 Low - Zn C87850 Med - Zn

Target Alternative Sustainability…from foundry through fabrication ECO BRASS® requires less energy, creates fewer emissions and Environmental Impact: Life Cycle Stage Criteria C83600 C89833/ C87600/ C87850 Underground Corrosion Simulation Pitting Resistance Stress Corrosion Cracking • Lower pour temperatures of Silicon Brass = lower C89836 C87610 uses Silicon, which is abundant All alloys showed sulfide scaling in a chemical All alloys resisted pitting in the high pH, All alloys were free from cracking during energy and CO2 emissions ® Beginning-of-life Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = = Cost/Value…ECO BRASS alloys provide for less waste, the ASTM B858 one day and UL1821 environment known to cause corrosion high chloride water of the type that causes • Silicon Brass results in lower waste generation Human Health Impact Benchmark - + + easier machining and lower cost than competitive alloys similar to that experienced by underground pitting failures in copper pipe. ten day tests. compared to Bismuth Brass Alloy Technical Performance Benchmark = + + components. Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark = + + ® Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ Density…ECO BRASS is 6% less dense than Human Health: Stress Corrosion Cracking Test 16% Sulfide Test 0.8% Free Chlorine Test Component Technical Performance Benchmark - -- + C89836 and C83600, which saves consumers money Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 14% 0.7% • Eliminates lead emissions 100% Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 12% 0.6% • Lower flue dust emissions 80% Use Technical Performance Benchmark - = = ECO BRASS® can assure you that your lead-free components 60% 10% 0.5% Environmental Impact Benchmark = = = 8% 0.4% Human Health Impact Benchmark ++ ++ ++ are in strict compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act

Pass Rate 40% End-of-life Technical Performance Benchmark -- = = 20% 6% 0.3% and RoHS regulations. It is manufactured by Chase Brass, Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = =

Percent Weight Loss Percent Weight 4% Loss Percent Weight 0.2% one of the world’s leading providers of brass products including 0% Human Health Impact Benchmark + + + 87850 87850 87610 89833 83600 2% 0.1% ® Low Zinc High Zinc Cumulative Environmental Impact Benchmark -- + + rod, ingots and forgings for product fabrication. ECO BRASS 0% 0% ® 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 ingots are also available from Chase ECO BRASS partners; Low Zinc High Zinc Low Zinc High Zinc ++ MUCH BETTER + BETTER = COMPARABLE - WORSE -- MUCH WORSE California Metal-X and Ingot Metals. Visit www.ecobrassingot.com for more information PERFORMANCE SUSTAINABILITY VALUE

Eight Year Water Meter Evaluation* Abundance Of Chemical Elements In Element 1= Most Abundant ECO BRASS® VALUE Earth’s Crust Silicon 2 Phosphorus 11 100% 100% The UCLA study reviewed the total life cycle of all the alloys, Dezincification Attribute C87850 C89836 C83600 Corrosion Zinc 25 80% 80% beginning with availability of chemical elements in the earth’s Copper 26 Copper Content 75-78% 87-91% 84-86% 60% Perfect Condition: 60% crust through the end of life recyclability, and ability of No Dezincification Lead 37 Corrosion separating the alloyed elements at end of life. 2 2 2 40% 40% Tin 49 Density 0.300 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 0.318 lb/in 20% 20% Bismuth 69 Melting Point 1616°F 1885°F 1850°F

100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% 100% Reflects Zero Dezincification 0% Platinum 71 Least Energy 0.28 kWh/lb 0.341 kWh/lb 0.325 kWh/lb Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass Bi-Brass Si-Brass C87850 C87850 C87850 Yield 95% 92% 92% Low Moderate High LEADED LEAD-FREE

Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Bi-Brass: Body Brass Pivot Nut Brass Pivot Nut Furnace Refractory Life 2X 1X 1X

Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut Matching Pivot Nut C83600 C89833 C89836 C87850 C87600 C87610 Si-Brass C87850: Body *Evaluation was performed by Virginia Tech on meters that had been in service for eight years in Japan. Si-Brass C87850: Body Si-Brass C87850: Body Red Brass Bismuth Brass Bismuth Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Silicon Brass Mold Sand Life 3X 1X 1X Low Moderate High Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Dezinc Waters Physical Properties Manufacturability With Current Processes 1X 1X 1X Density (lb/in3) 0.318 0.317 0.318 0.300 0.300 0.302 Melting Point - Liquid Temp (°F) 1850 1877 1885 1616 1780 1780 600 40% DZ (µm) Melting Point - Solid Temp (°F) 1570 1454 1580 1571 1580 1510 35% 500 Zn Leaching mg/L Freezing Range (°F) 280 423 305 45 270 270 30% % Zn in Alloy 400 Pour Temp - Light Casting (°F) 2100 2170 2170 1900 2000 2000 WHY SHOULD YOU SPECIFY Dezincification Resistance 25% -2350 -1960 -2150 -2150 No alloys exhibited dezincification in the ISO6509 test 300 20% Pour Temp - Heavy Casting (°F) 1951 2000 2000 1830 1900 1900 ECO BRASS CASTINGS? -2151 -2090 -2090 1850 -2000 -2000 which is used internationally to predict long-term water 15% 200* Average Pour Temp (°F) 2138 2108 2108 1885 2013 2013 ® fitting performance in corrosive drinking water. 10% Key Lead-free ECO BRASS Characteristics Make The Critical Difference When % Zn in Composition Zn Leaching (mg/L) 100 5% Superheat (Pour T (°F) - Liquidus (°F) 288 231 231 269 233 233 It Comes To Your Brass Material Selection For Potable Water Components

*ISO6509-2 specifies 200µ or less of dezincification Dezincification Depth ( µ m) / 2 for forgings and castings 0 0% Machinability (Rating) 84 81 85 70 40 40 Performance…ECO BRASS® exhibits high dezincification C83600 C89833 C87610 resistance meaning the parts last as long as the traditional leaded alloys. C87850 Low - Zn C87850 Med - Zn

Target Alternative Sustainability…from foundry through fabrication ECO BRASS® requires less energy, creates fewer emissions and Environmental Impact: Life Cycle Stage Criteria C83600 C89833/ C87600/ C87850 Underground Corrosion Simulation Pitting Resistance Stress Corrosion Cracking • Lower pour temperatures of Silicon Brass = lower C89836 C87610 uses Silicon, which is abundant All alloys showed sulfide scaling in a chemical All alloys resisted pitting in the high pH, All alloys were free from cracking during energy and CO2 emissions ® Beginning-of-life Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = = Cost/Value…ECO BRASS alloys provide for less waste, the ASTM B858 one day and UL1821 environment known to cause corrosion high chloride water of the type that causes • Silicon Brass results in lower waste generation Human Health Impact Benchmark - + + easier machining and lower cost than competitive alloys similar to that experienced by underground pitting failures in copper pipe. ten day tests. compared to Bismuth Brass Alloy Technical Performance Benchmark = + + components. Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark = + + ® Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ Density…ECO BRASS is 6% less dense than Human Health: Stress Corrosion Cracking Test 16% Sulfide Test 0.8% Free Chlorine Test Component Technical Performance Benchmark - -- + C89836 and C83600, which saves consumers money Manufacturing Environmental Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 14% 0.7% • Eliminates lead emissions 100% Human Health Impact Benchmark + ++ ++ 12% 0.6% • Lower flue dust emissions 80% Use Technical Performance Benchmark - = = ECO BRASS® can assure you that your lead-free components 60% 10% 0.5% Environmental Impact Benchmark = = = 8% 0.4% Human Health Impact Benchmark ++ ++ ++ are in strict compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act

Pass Rate 40% End-of-life Technical Performance Benchmark -- = = 20% 6% 0.3% and RoHS regulations. It is manufactured by Chase Brass, Environmental Impact Benchmark -- = =

Percent Weight Loss Percent Weight 4% Loss Percent Weight 0.2% one of the world’s leading providers of brass products including 0% Human Health Impact Benchmark + + + 87850 87850 87610 89833 83600 2% 0.1% ® Low Zinc High Zinc Cumulative Environmental Impact Benchmark -- + + rod, ingots and forgings for product fabrication. ECO BRASS 0% 0% ® 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 87850 87850 87600 89833 83600 ingots are also available from Chase ECO BRASS partners; Low Zinc High Zinc Low Zinc High Zinc ++ MUCH BETTER + BETTER = COMPARABLE - WORSE -- MUCH WORSE California Metal-X and Ingot Metals. Visit www.ecobrassingot.com for more information ECO BRASS® is the ideal alloy for manufacturers and consumers that require a lead-free, RoHS compliant alloy with high performance, value, and ecological sustainability. An independent, scientific study by UCLA and Virginia Tech confirms that cast components made of ECO BRASS® used for potable water applications are equal to or superior to the traditional leaded and low-leaded bismuth and silicon alloys.

THE STUDY DRIVERS FOR THE STUDY A UCLA Report* was commissioned by the Change in legislation: In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was enacted California Metals Coalition on alternative to ensure safe drinking water for all communities. In 2011, an amendment to lead-free alloys used in cast products for the SDWA mandated that leaded brass in potable water supply components had potable water applications. The study had a to be phased out entirely in the United States. dual purpose of conducting a lifecycle-based assessment of the leaded and lead-free Choices: The resulting availability of lead-free alternatives meant that supply alternative alloys, and the study also chain and end users needed beginning-of-life to end-of-life information so a developed the educational tools to assess thorough and accurate decision could be made between the different options. the lead-free alternative alloys in a broad range of applications. Model: Develop an impartial analytical tool that can be used for evaluating alloys outside the study.

* "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech)

EVALUATION CRITERIA ALLOY SELECTION An advisory board consisted of two subcommittees: manufacturers and At the initial 2011 Advisory Board meeting, users. These subcommittees decided which performance tests the alloys nine different lead-free alloys were identified would go through and how the results should be weighted. as potential candidates for acceptance into the study. Five alloys were selected from this DATA COLLECTION list, two being bismuth alloys: C89833 and To Learn More About ECO BRASS, visit Leaded brass alloy C83600 was chosen as the benchmark alloy for the study C89836, and three were silicon alloys: www.ecobrassingot.com because of its performance and its long history of use in cast components for C87600, C87610, and C87850. potable water applications. The data was assessed based on a scientific ph: 800-537-4291 grading system of the lead-free alternative alloys against the benchmark alloy in performance, value and sustainability. email: [email protected] www.ecobrassingot.com

ALLOYS TESTED

Cu Pb Sn Zn Si Bi P UTS YS E Alloy (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ksi) (ksi) (%)

C87850* 76 21 3 0.1 59 22 16 ® C83600* 85 5 5 5 30 14 20 LEAD-FREE ECO BRASS INGOTS: The Convergence of Performance, C89833* 89 5 3 2.2 30 14 16 Sustainability and Value C89836 89.5 5.5 3 2 33 14 20 THE PROOF IS HERE. "Alternatives Assessment Case Study of C87600* 91 5 4 60 30 16 Lead-Free Brass Alloys for Drinking Water Applications: A Private Report C87610* 92 4 4 45 18 20 MADE IN for the California Metals Coalition" dated June 9, 2017 by Peter © Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC, 2017 * ASTM B584 (Standard Specifications for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications) nominal chemistry, minimum mechanical properties THE USA ECO BRASS is a trademark of Chase Brass and Copper Company, LLC Sinsheimeir, Ph.D., MPH (UCLA) and Marc Edwards, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech)