Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey AECOM Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey Water Corporation 18-Jan-2019

Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Client: Water Corporation

ABN: 28 003 434 917

Prepared by

AECOM Australia Pty Ltd 3 Forrest Place, Perth WA 6000, GPO Box B59, Perth WA 6849, Australia T +61 8 6208 0000 F +61 8 6208 0999 www.aecom.com ABN 20 093 846 925

18-Jan-2019

Job No.: 60552121

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Quality Information

Document Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Ref

Date 18-Jan-2019

Prepared by C Krens, M Ladyman, D Sullivan, J Leigh

Reviewed L Kirchner by

Revision History

Authorised Rev Revision Date Details Name/Position Signature

Linda Kirchner A 17-Nov-2017 Draft for Internal Review Associate Director - Environment Linda Kirchner B 17-Nov-2017 Draft for Client Review Associate Director - Environment 0 18-Jan-2019 Final Linda Kirchner Associate Director - Environment

Table of Contents Executive Summary i 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Location 1 1.3 Objectives 1 2.0 Existing Environment 3 2.1 Climate 3 2.2 Soils and geology 3 2.3 IBRA Regions 3 2.4 Vegetation 4 3.0 Legislative Framework 5 3.1 EPBC Act 5 3.1.1 Matters of National Environmental Significance 5 3.1.2 Flora and fauna 5 3.1.3 Vegetation Communities 5 3.2 Western Australian legislation 6 3.2.1 Flora and fauna 6 3.2.2 Vegetation Communities 7 4.0 Methodology 8 4.1 Desktop study 8 4.2 Flora and vegetation assessment 9 4.3 Fauna assessment 10 4.4 Black Cockatoos 10 4.4.1 Roosting Habitat 11 4.4.2 Foraging habitat 11 5.0 Survey Limitations 14 6.0 Desktop Study 16 6.1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Conservation Estates 16 6.1.1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas 16 6.1.2 Conservation Estates 16 6.2 Surface and groundwater 16 6.3 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities 16 6.4 Threatened and Priority Flora 20 6.5 Conservation Significant Fauna and Fauna Habitat 22 6.5.1 Fauna species 22 6.5.2 Habitat 22 7.0 Survey Results 24 7.1 Vegetation 24 7.1.1 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities 24 7.1.2 Floristic Community Type Analysis 24 7.1.3 Vegetation Units 26 7.1.4 Vegetation Condition 30 7.2 Flora 32 7.2.1 Threatened and Priority Flora 32 7.2.2 Inventory of Flora Species 32 7.2.3 Weed Species 32 7.3 Fauna and Fauna Habitat 34 7.3.1 Threatened, Migratory and Priority Fauna Species 34 7.3.2 Inventory of Fauna Species 35 7.3.3 Fauna Habitat 36 7.3.4 Fauna Habitat Linkages 36 7.4 Black Cockatoos 39 7.4.1 Breeding 39 7.4.2 Roosting 41 7.4.3 Foraging 41

8.0 Conclusions 43 9.0 References 44 Appendix A Desktop Flora Results A Appendix B Desktop Fauna Results B Appendix C Flora Species List C Appendix D Qualitative Quadrat Data D Appendix E Black Cockatoo Potential Breeding Trees E

List of Tables Table 1 Categories of Species Listed under Schedule 179 of the EPBC Act (Commonwealth) 5 Table 2 Categories of TECs that are listed under the EPBC Act 6 Table 3 Conservation codes for WA flora and fauna listed under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 updated November 2015 6 Table 4 Conservation codes for WA flora and fauna as listed by DPaW and endorsed by the Minister for Environment 6 Table 5 Conservation codes for State listed Ecological Communities 7 Table 6 Categories for Priority Ecological Communities 7 Table 7 Categories of likelihood of occurrence for species and communities 8 Table 8 Breeding habitat for the three Threatened Black Cockatoos (Australian Government, 2012) 11 Table 9 Suitable roosting trees for the three Threatened Black Cockatoos (Australian Government, 2012) 11 Table 10 Black Cockatoo foraging species (Australian Government, 2012) 12 Table 11 Foraging quality assessment (out of 20) taking into account food sources, tree stands, connectivity, distance from water source, location, breeding and foraging habitat, and disease presence 12 Table 12 Survey Limitations 14 Table 13 Threatened and priority communities identified in the desktop study 17 Table 14 Desktop study results for Threatened and Priority flora that may or are likely to occur 20 Table 15 Desktop fauna results including common name, conservation status and likelihood of occurrence 22 Table 16 Inferred FCT for all quadrats including a result review, final FCT, and species richness comparison between quadrat and FCT shown as species/quadrat 25 Table 17 Vegetation units recorded in the Survey area including code, description survey effort, extent and species richness 27 Table 18 Vegetation Condition mapped within the Survey area 30 Table 19 Fauna Species recorded within the Survey area 35 Table 20 Fauna Habitats of the Survey Area 36 Table 21 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat Quality Assessment 41

List of Figures Figure 1 Survey area 2 Figure 2 Rainfall data from weather station ‘Busselton Shire’ (station number 009515) showing mean monthly rainfall and rainfall received in the 12 months preceding the field survey (source: BOM, 2017) 3 Figure 3 Desktop study Threatened and Priority communities 19 Figure 4 Desktop study Threatened and Priority flora results 21 Figure 5 Vegetation units 29 Figure 6 Vegetation condition mapping 31 Figure 7 Survey effort 33 Figure 8 Fauna Habitats 38 Figure 9 Potential Black Cockatoo Breeding Trees 40 Figure 10 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat 42

Executive Summary Water Corporation propose to upgrade the weir structure at Lennox Weir in Busselton. Clearing of native vegetation will be required to facilitate the associated environmental approvals required for the Project. A flora, vegetation and fauna assessment was undertaken on 18 and 19 October, 2017. The survey was undertaken by experienced botanist Catherine Krens and Ecologist Mitch Ladyman. A detailed flora and vegetation survey was undertaken which included collecting floristic and vegetation data from four quadrats and four relevés. Vegetation units were characterised and mapped using the quadrat data and field observations. Three vegetation units were mapped within the survey area, including one Eucalypt woodland and two Riparian units. None of these were considered to represent any Threatened or Priority communities that occur in the region. One Priority 4 species was potentially recorded, representing the common tree species. Eucalyptus rudis subsp. cratyantha was recorded throughout the survey area, particularly in the Eucalypt woodland community. This species was not able to be verified due to lack of suitable identification material. The species is characterised by having fruits within a particular size range which overlaps with that of the common Flooded Gum (Eucalyptus rudis subsp. rudis). Only a few fruits were collected as part of the sample which was not enough to confirm the Priority species. It seems likely to represent this species given the known range and associated habitat. Two Declared Pest flora species were recorded including *Asparagus asparagoides (Bridal Creeper) and *Zantedeschia aethiopica (Arum Lily). These are listed under the BAM Act 2007 as C3 Management whose control is the responsibility of the landowner. The level 1 fauna survey and Black Cockatoo survey was undertaken simultaneously with the flora and vegetation survey. Four fauna habitats were mapped, all are considered suitable habitat for EPBC Act listed Baudin’s Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii), Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso), Carnaby's Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris), and Western Ringtail Possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus occidentalis). The Western Ringtail Possum was confirmed as utilising native vegetation within the survey area based on the presence of a drey with claw marks around the trunk of the tree. Black Cockatoo breeding and foraging habitat was recorded in the survey area, including 65 potential breeding trees and Quality foraging habitat. Breeding and foraging habitat quality was considered low for the following reasons: · The common foraging species, Flooded Gum, constitutes a small component of Black Cockatoo diet · Flooded Gum is not a favoured breeding tree for Black Cockatoos · Bees were common, with two bee hives recorded in hollows of trees. The flora, vegetation and fauna assessments were undertaken by suitability qualified personnel and no significant limitations were identified that may affect the survey outcomes.

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background The Water Corporation propose to replace the weir structure at Lennox Weir in Busselton, which may require clearing of native vegetation to facilitate infrastructure upgrades. AECOM Australia Pty Ltd was commissioned by the Water Corporation to complete a Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey (hereafter referred to as the Project). The purpose of this biological assessment is to provide an appropriate examination and description of the local environment to ensure that all aspects of ecological significance are identified and recorded. The results of the biological assessment will assist in the development of suitable management actions that will minimise environmental impacts during construction.

1.2 Location The survey area is located approximately 14 kilometres (km) from the town of Busselton and 12.4 km from Dunsborough, situated off Caves Road. The Project location and survey boundary is shown in Figure 1.

1.3 Objectives The primary objective of the flora, vegetation and fauna assessment was to survey, record and map the ecological values within the defined survey area. The results of the assessment would be used to inform the environmental impact assessment and management plans. The specific objectives of the assessment were to: · undertake a detailed flora and vegetation assessment · undertake a level 1 fauna assessment · include a targeted Black Cockatoo survey for foraging and breeding habitat The survey results were collated and communicated in this technical report which describes the methods used to complete the surveys, results, discussion of results and conclusion.

\\AUPER1FP001.AU.AECOMNET.COM\Projects\605X\60552121\8. Issued Docs\8.1 Reports\60552121_REP_LennoxWeir_Rev0.docx Revision 0 – 18-Jan-2019 Prepared for – Water Corporation – ABN: 28 003 434 917 AECOM does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of information displayed in this map and any person using it does so at their own risk. AECOM shall bear no responsibility or liability for any errors, faults, defects, or omissions in the information.

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2.0 Existing Environment

2.1 Climate The Busselton area experiences a mediterranean climate. characterised by warm to hot dry summers and mild to cool wet winters. The mediterranean climate in Australia is a result of the Indian Ocean High, a high pressure cell that shifts towards the poles in summer and the equator in winter, playing a major role in the formation of the deserts of Western Australia, and the Mediterranean climate of southwest and south-central Australia. Precipitation occurs during winter months, with the possibility of some summer storms. The field survey was undertaken in October 2017. The rainfall in the months preceding the field survey showed near mean rainfall in July to September following three months of significantly less than average rainfall in April to June. The late winter and early spring rainfall is not anticipated to have significant impacts on the field survey results or presence of flora and fauna species.

180 160 140 120 100 80 60 Rainfall (mm) Rainfall 40 20 No Data No Survey 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

Nov-16 - Sep-17 Mean (1877-2017)

Figure 2 Rainfall data from weather station ‘Busselton Shire’ (station number 009515) showing mean monthly rainfall and rainfall received in the 12 months preceding the field survey (source: BOM, 2017)

2.2 Soils and geology The majority of the survey area is on soil A13, described as coastal dune formations backed by the low-lying deposits of inlets and estuaries: chief soils are calcareous sands on the dunes. A small part of the survey area is on soil Mu11 river terraces: chief soils are neutral red earths and neutral yellow earths on the higher terrace. The survey area is situated on Tamala Limestone, characterised by coastal sediment calcarenite. Closer to the ocean the limestone gives way to estuarine and delta deposits including coastal silt.

2.3 IBRA Regions The largest regional vegetation classification scheme recognised by EPA is the Interim Biogeographical Region of Australia (IBRA). The IBRA regions provide the planning framework for the systematic development of a comprehensive, adequate and representative (CAR) national reserve system. There are 89 recognised IBRA regions across Australia that have been defined based on climate, geology, landforms and characteristic vegetation and fauna (Department of Conservation and Land Management [CALM], 2002).

The Swan Coastal Plain subregion, described by Mitchell et al. (2002), is a low-lying coastal plain covered with woodlands dominated by Banksia or Tuart on sandy soils, Casuarina obesa on outwash plains, and paperbark in swampy areas. The area includes a complex series of seasonal wetlands and includes Rottnest, Carnac and Garden Islands. Land use is predominantly cultivation, Conservation, urban and rural residential. The area contains a number of rare features including Holocene dunes and wetlands and a large number of rare and threatened species and ecological communities.

2.4 Vegetation Beard (1981) mapped the pre-European vegetation types in the Busselton region. This mapping shows two vegetation associations that occur within the survey area, including: · 1000: mosaic: medium forest; Jarrah-Marri / low woodland; Banksia / low forest; Teatree · 1136: medium woodland; Marri with some Jarrah, Wandoo, River Gum and Casuarina Heddle et al. (1980) vegetation complex mapping shows two vegetation complexes within the survey area, including: · Ludlow: Open woodlands of paperbark (Melaleuca rhaphiophylla) and sedgelands of Cyperaceae and Restionaceae specie on broad depressions. · Quindalup: coastal dune complex consisting mainly of two alliances – the strand and fore dune alliance and the mobile and stable dune alliance. Local variations include the low closed forest of M. lanceolata-Callitris preissii and the closed scrub of Acacia rostellifera.

3.0 Legislative Framework

3.1 EPBC Act 3.1.1 Matters of National Environmental Significance The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is the main piece of Federal legislation protecting biodiversity in Australia. All Matters of National Environmental Significance (MNES) are listed under the EPBC Act. These include: · listed threatened species and ecological communities · migratory species protected under international agreements · Ramsar wetlands of international importance · the Commonwealth marine environment · world Heritage properties · national Heritage places · Great Barrier Reef Marine Park · a water resource, in relation to coal seam gas development and large coal mining development · nuclear actions. If an action is likely to have a significant impact on a MNES this action must be referred to the Minister for the Environment for a decision on whether assessment and approval is required under the EPBC Act. 3.1.2 Flora and fauna Species at risk of extinction are recognised at a Commonwealth level and are categorised in one of six categories as outlined in Table 1. Table 1 Categories of Species Listed under Schedule 179 of the EPBC Act (Commonwealth)

Conservation Code Category Ex Extinct Taxa ExW Extinct in the Wild CE Critically Endangered E Endangered V Vulnerable CD Conservation Dependent OS Other specially protected fauna 3.1.3 Vegetation Communities Communities can be classified as Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) under the EPBC Act. The EPBC Act protects Australia’s ecological communities by providing for: · identification and listing of ecological communities as threatened · development of conservation advice and recovery plans for listed ecological communities · recognition of key threatening processes · reduction of the impact of these processes through threat abatement plans. Categories of federally listed TECs are described in Table 2.

Table 2 Categories of TECs that are listed under the EPBC Act Conservation Category Code CE Critically Endangered If, at that time, it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future. E Endangered If, at that time, it is not critically endangered and is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future. V Vulnerable If, at that time, it is not critically endangered or endangered, and is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

3.2 Western Australian legislation 3.2.1 Flora and fauna Threatened flora are plants which have been assessed as being at risk of extinction (DEC 2012). Under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (WC Act), the Minister for the Environment may declare species of flora to be protected if they are considered to be in danger of extinction, rare or otherwise in need of special protection (WAH 1998-). Plants and animals that are considered Threatened and need to be specially protected because they are under identifiable threat of extinction are listed under the WC Act. These categories are defined in Table 3. Table 3 Conservation codes for WA flora and fauna listed under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 updated November 2015

Code Category CR Critically endangered species / Schedule 1 EN Endangered species / Schedule 2 VU Vulnerable species / Schedule 3 EX Presumed extinct species / Schedule 4 IA Migratory birds protected under an international agreement (fauna only) / Schedule 5 CD Special conservation (fauna only) / Schedule 6 OS Special protection for reasons other than those already mentioned (fauna only) / Schedule 7

Species that have not yet been adequately surveyed to warrant being listed under the WC Act, or are otherwise data deficient, are added to a Priority Lists under Priorities 1, 2 or 3 by the State Minister for Environment. Species that are adequately known, are rare but not threatened, or meet criteria for near threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened species or other specially protected fauna lists for other than taxonomic reasons, are placed in Priority 4. Categories and definitions of Priority Flora and Fauna species are provided in Table 4. Table 4 Conservation codes for WA flora and fauna as listed by DPaW and endorsed by the Minister for Environment

Conservation Code Category Priority One Poorly Known Species Priority Two Poorly Known Species Priority Three Poorly Known Species Priority Four Rare, Near Threatened and other species in need of monitoring

3.2.2 Vegetation Communities Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) are naturally occurring biological assemblages that occur in a particular type of habitat and that may be subject to processes that threaten to destroy or significantly modify the assemblage across its range. TECs are listed by both state and commonwealth legislation. Vegetation communities in Western Australia are described as TECs if they have been endorsed by the Western Australian Minister for Environment following recommendations made by the Threatened Species Scientific Committee. Categories of TECs are defined in Table 5. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA) maintains a database of state listed TECs which is available for online searches via their website. Possible TECs that do not meet survey criteria or are not adequately defined are listed as Priority Ecological Communities (PECs) under Priorities 1, 2 and 3. Ecological communities that are adequately known and are rare but not threatened, or meet criteria for Near Threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened list, are placed in Priority 4. Conservation dependent communities are classified as Priority 5. PECs are endorsed by the Minister for Environment are categories are described in Table 6. DBCA requires that all Priority and Threatened ecological communities are considered during environmental impact assessments and clearing permit applications. There is currently no formal protection afforded to TECs or PECs listed at the state level. Table 5 Conservation codes for State listed Ecological Communities

Conservation Code Category PD Presumed Totally Destroyed CR Critically Endangered EN Endangered VU Vulnerable

Table 6 Categories for Priority Ecological Communities

Conservation Code Category P1 Priority One: poorly-known ecological communities P2 Priority Two: poorly-known ecological communities P3 Priority Three: poorly known ecological communities Priority Four: ecological communities that are adequately known, rare but not P4 threatened or meet criteria for Near Threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened list. Priority Five: communities that are not threatened but subject to a specific P5 conservation program.

4.0 Methodology

4.1 Desktop study A desktop study was undertaken to gather background information and determine the appropriate level of survey and describe the existing environment. This will inform the level of survey required, and potential targeted surveys to consider. Sources used to inform the desktop study included: · DBCA Threatened and Priority flora, communities and fauna database · WA Herbarium database · Protected Matters Search Tool (co-ordinates: 33.662871 115.205738 with a 10 km buffer) · Existing vegetation as mapped by Beard (1981) and Heddle et al. (1980) · Additional sources such as Geological Survey of WA (2008), climate data (BOM, 2017), WA Atlas (Landgate, 2017) and Soil Atlas The search results were reviewed to assess the potential presence of conservation significant environmental values. The desktop assessment was also used to define the survey time to maximise capturing the ideal flowering period for conservation significant flora species. All conservation significant matters including flora, fauna and communities were reviewed and a likelihood of occurrence was completed based on the categories (Table 7). Table 7 Categories of likelihood of occurrence for species and communities Likelihood Flora Fauna Communities Category Likely to Habitat is present in the Survey area is within the Known occurrences of the occur Survey area and the known distribution of the community in close species has been recorded species, habitat is present proximity to the Survey in close proximity to the in the survey area and the area. Vegetation looks the survey area. species has been recorded same within the known in close proximity to the occurrence and survey survey area. area based on aerial imagery. Geographic location is similar to the survey area. May occur Habitat may be present Survey area is within the Known occurrence of the and/or the species has known distribution of the community in the local been recorded in close species, marginal habitat area, and/or vegetation proximity to the survey may be present and/or the looks the same within area. species has been recorded known occurrence and in close proximity to the survey area based on survey area. aerial imagery. Geographic location is similar to the survey area. Unlikely to No suitable habitat is Survey area is outside the Known occurrence of the occur present and the species known distribution for the community in close has not been recorded in species, or no suitable proximity to the survey area close proximity to the habitat is present and the however geographic survey area. species has not been location does not occur in recorded in close proximity survey area. to the survey area.

4.2 Flora and vegetation assessment A detailed flora and vegetation survey was undertaken on 18 and 19 October, 2017 by Senior Botanist Catherine Krens (collection permit: SL012203). The level of survey was determined by the presence of an Environmentally Sensitive Area across the Survey area, Cardunup River, and the likelihood of conservation significant communities and species to be present. The survey was undertaken in accordance with the EPA (2016) Flora Survey Technical Guide. The field survey focussed on characterising the vegetation units present, and undertaking targeted searches for conservation significant species. Data was collected from 10x10m quadrats in areas of vegetation in Good or better condition. Due to the size of the survey area, quadrats were also located outside the survey boundary. This ensured that vegetation in better condition was included and will be used to inform the vegetation classification. Quadrats were 10x10 metres (m) defined by a measuring tape and all four corners permanently marked with jarrah pegs. Data collected from quadrats included the presence of plant species, their cover abundance, structural composition of vegetation, physical environment, and presence/absence of disturbance. Each sample point location was given a unique site number, and the following parameters recorded: · date · location using hand-held GPS (accuracy of 5 m) · sample site type (quadrat/relevé and size) · photograph (northwest corner) · soil details (type, colour, moisture) · landform · vegetation condition using the Keighery (1994) scale and description of disturbance · fire history · comprehensive species list - estimated height - estimated percentage cover (for trees both percentage within quadrat and within community was recorded to enable better description of vegetation community). Plants unable to be identified in the field were collected and frozen in accordance with the WA Herbarium standards (1998). To verify identification the collected specimens were compared to specimens held at the WA Herbarium (WAH). Where appropriate, expertise from DEC taxonomists were sought out to ensure accurate identification of specimens. 4.2.1.1 Vegetation mapping Vegetation mapping was completed by using ArcGIS 10.4 software. Aerial photographs, quadrat data and observational data was used to define vegetation units. Given the degradation of vegetation units and the small size of the survey area, cluster analysis was not undertaken. Quantitative flora species data were used to define the vegetation communities. Vegetation communities were described and mapped based on changes in dominant species composition and landform. Vegetation community descriptions were based on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework (Commonwealth of Australia, 2003) at Association level as prescribed in the Technical Guide, where descriptions include the dominant three species of the classic three strata (over-, mid- and understorey species).

FCT analysis was undertaken at the quadrat level for all quadrats and relevés completed in the Survey area. The Keighery et al. (2012) Swan Coastal Plain quadrat-based dataset (SCP dataset) was used for this analysis. The Project dataset was reconciled with the SCP dataset, including reducing infra- specific names to relevant species names, and nomenclature of species followed the WA Plant Census. A subset of the SCP dataset was used to incorporate quadrats located within 50km of the Survey area. This included 124 quadrats representing 26 FCTs. PC Ord and the Bray Curtis similarity index was used to infer FCTs. A sense check was completed incorporating appropriate geology, soils, landscape and the description provided in the Gibson et al. (1994) reference material and Bush Forever (Government of WA, 2000).

4.3 Fauna assessment A Level 1 Fauna Assessment was conducted in accordance with EPA (2016) Environmental Factor Guideline – Terrestrial Fauna and Technical guidance – Terrestrial Fauna Surveys. The survey was undertaken by Dr. Mitchell Ladyman on the 18th of October 2017. Vegetation units were assessed for fauna habitat potential. The structural diversity of vegetation present and refuge opportunities for fauna were key assessment considerations. All habitats were assessed for their potential to support conservation significant fauna. Fauna habitats were defined and mapped in accordance with the vegetation mapping produced for the Survey area. Fauna habitats were assessed for specific habitat components in order to determine the potential for these habitats to support conservation significant species. In addition to recording all observed fauna, details of indirect evidence, such as scats, tracks and diggings were documented. Particular attention was given to conservation significant fauna identified from the desktop assessment as potentially occurring in the Survey area. All observations were completed during daylight hours of 0700 to 1800. The taxonomy and nomenclature of vertebrate species for mammals, reptiles and amphibians is consistent with the Western Australian Museum’s Checklist of Vertebrates of Western Australia (WAMS 2012) and for bird species the Bird’s Australia Checklist of Australian Birds (Christidis and Boles, 2008).

4.4 Black Cockatoos A targeted Black Cockatoo assessment was conducted to identify potential breeding, roosting and foraging opportunities for the EPBC Act and WC Act listed Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris), Baudin’s Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii) and Forest Red- tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii subsp. naso). Surveys were conducted in accordance with Australian Government (2012) Referral Guidelines for three species of WA Black Cockatoos. An assessment of potential breeding trees is required to determine whether the habitat meets the definition of ‘breeding habitat’. This assessment requires the identification and recording of trees that have the potential to form hollows (based on their diameter at breast height [DBH]) in addition to those that already have observable hollows (Australian Government, 2012). Any tree that met the criteria for a Black Cockatoo potential breeding tree was marked on a GPS and the following recorded: · Tree species · Presence of hollows (yes/no), if yes - Size of hollow - Height from ground - Evidence of use - Photograph of hollow.

Table 8 Breeding habitat for the three Threatened Black Cockatoos (Australian Government, 2012)

Factor Baudin’s Carnaby’s Forest Red-Tailed Specific breeding Nest in hollows in live Nest in hollows in live Nest in hollows in live habitat for the three or dead trees of or dead trees of E. or dead trees of E. Cockatoos Eucalyptus diversicolor, salmonophloia, E. diversicolor and Corymbia calophylla, E. wandoo, E. Corymbia calophylla, E. wandoo and E. gomphocephala, E. wandoo, E. gomphocephala. marginata, E. rudis, E. megacarpa, E. patens, loxophleba subsp. E. gomphocephala and loxophleba, E. E. marginata. accedens, E. diversicolor and Corymbia calophylla. Definition of breeding ‘Breeding habitat’ is defined in the referral guidelines as trees of species habitat known to support breeding within the range of the species which either have a suitable nest hollow OR are of a suitable diameter at breast height (DBH) to develop a nest hollow. For most tree species, suitable DBH is 500 mm. For salmon gum and wandoo, suitable DBH is 300 mm.

4.4.1 Roosting Habitat An assessment on the availability of roosting habitat was made during the field survey. Baudin’s and Carnaby’s Cockatoos roost in or near riparian environments or near other permanent water sources (Table 9; Australian Government, 2012), where the Forest Red-Tailed Black Cockatoos prefer the edges of forests. Table 9 Suitable roosting trees for the three Threatened Black Cockatoos (Australian Government, 2012)

Baudin’s Carnaby’s Forest Red-Tailed Corymbia calophylla, E. salmonophloia, E. wandoo Corymbia calophylla, E. marginata, E. rudis, Corymbia calophylla, E. marginata, and E. patens, and Eucalyptus diversicolor, E. gomphocephala. E. gomphocephala. E. patens, and E. gomphocephala. 4.4.2 Foraging habitat The foraging value of the Survey area was assessed in the context of: · the availability of resources, vegetation condition, and availability of plant food sources necessary to support feeding (Table 10) · proximity to reliable water sources · connectivity to nearby suitable habitat · the location of the Survey area in relation to Black Cockatoo distribution maps, roosting sites, and breeding sites. These parameters have been transformed into a scoring system, informed by present knowledge of Black Cockatoos (Finn, 2012; Australian Government, 2012; DotE workshop 2016), presented in Table 11. A foraging quality assessment was undertaken for each of the Black Cockatoos. Furthermore, the field survey included looking for evidence of foraging and Black Cockatoo presence including droppings, feathers and chewed nuts.

Table 10 Black Cockatoo foraging species (Australian Government, 2012)

Baudin’s Carnaby’s Forest Red-tailed · Eucalypt woodlands · Kwongan heathland and · E. marginata and · Proteaceous woodlands woodland dominated by C. calophylla woodlands and heath Banksia, Hakea and and forest. Grevillea · Edges of E. diversicolor · E. wandoo woodland including E. wandoo and · E. salmonophloia E. patens woodlands · Eucalypt woodland and forest

Table 11 Foraging quality assessment (out of 20) taking into account food sources, tree stands, connectivity, distance from water source, location, breeding and foraging habitat, and disease presence

Score Carnaby’s Baudin’s Forest red-tailed 10 Foraging habitat that is being Foraging habitat that is Foraging habitat that is managed for Black Cockatoos, being managed for black being managed for black including successful cockatoos, including cockatoos, including rehabilitation and/or has some successful rehabilitation successful rehabilitation level of protection from clearing, and/or has some level of and/or has some level of and/or is quality habitat protection from clearing, protection from clearing, described below with attributes and/or is quality habitat and/or is quality habitat contributing to meet a score of described below with described below with ≥10 attributes contributing to attributes contributing to meet a score of ≥10 meet a score of ≥10 7 Native shrubland, kwongan Eucalyptus woodlands and Jarrah and Marri heathland and woodland forest of suitable foraging woodlands and forest, and dominated by proteaceous plant species and Proteaceous edges of Karri forests, species such as Banksia species woodland and heath, including Wandoo and (including Banksia species) particularly Marri. Does not Blackbutt, within the range Hakea species and Grevillea include orchards or areas of the subspecies. Does not species as well as eucalypt under RFA include areas under RFA. woodland and forest that contains foraging species. Does not include orchards, canola, or areas under RFA 5 Pine plantation or introduced Pine plantation or Introduced eucalypts as eucalypts introduced eucalypts well as the introduced Cape lilac (Melia acedarach) 1 Individual foraging plants or Individual foraging plants or Individual foraging plants or small stand of foraging plants small stand of foraging small stand of foraging (≤2 ha) plants (≤2 ha) plants (≤2 ha) Additions: Context adjustor – attributes improving habitat quality +3 Is within the Swan Coastal Plain Is within known foraging Jarrah and/or Marri shows area good recruitment (evidence of young trees) +3 Contains trees known to be used Contains trees known to be Contains trees known to be for breeding used for breeding used for breeding +2 Primarily comprises Marri Primarily contains Marri Primarily contains Marri and/or Jarrah +2 Contains trees with potential to be used for breeding (DBH ≥500 mm or ≥300 mm for Salmon Gum and Wandoo

Score Carnaby’s Baudin’s Forest red-tailed +2 Known to be a large or key roosting site +1 Is <12 km from known breeding location +1 Is <2 km from a watering point +1 Is used for roosting Subtractions: Context adjustor – attributes reducing habitat quality -2 No other foraging habitat within 6 km -1 Is >12 km from known breeding location -1 Is >2 km from watering point -1 Disease present (e.g. Phytophthora cinnamomi or Marri canker)

5.0 Survey Limitations Certain limitations are inherent in all ecological assessments. A number of limitations relating to the ecological assessment of the site have been considered and are detailed in Table 12. Table 12 Survey Limitations

Limitation Flora and vegetation assessment Fauna assessment Availability of contextual Not a limitation. There are ample Not a limitation. DBCA information on the region resources available for the Swan database, Naturemap and EPBC Coastal Plain to provide contextual Act PMST were utilised to inform information including Beard (1981), the Level 1 fauna survey. Heddle et al. (1980) vegetation mapping, Perth @ 3.5 million (Government of WA, 2015) and Keighery et al. (2012) swan coastal plain dataset. Floristic Community Type Moderate limitation. The degradation NA analysis of vegetation within the survey area led to a low similarity to the SCP dataset, with less than 30% similarity for all quadrats. Significant disturbance and the single scoring event are the largest contributing factors. This has affected the ability to determine local and regional significance of vegetation beyond considering Threatened and Priority ecological communities. Competency/experience of Not a limitation. The flora and Not a limitation. The fauna consultant conducting vegetation assessment was led by field assessment was survey Catherine Krens who has more than 10 undertaken by Dr Mitchell years’ experience conducting surveys of Ladyman who has more than similar scope. 20 years’ experience. Proportion of flora/fauna Not a limitation. The flora and Not a limitation. Information identified, recorded and/or vegetation at the Lennox Weir Survey gained for a Level 1 fauna survey collected (based on area was represented by 4 quadrats and was sufficient. Fauna were sampling, timing and 4 relevés. observed (through direct or indirect intensity) The degraded vegetation within the evidence) during daylight hours survey area was represented by four (0700 and 1700hrs). Therefore relevés. It is unlikely that additional nocturnal species were only quadrats or relevés in the degraded predominantly observed through communities would add additional value indirect evidence. to the dataset. Completeness (was Not a limitation. All native vegetation Not a limitation. The entire relevant area fully was visited and data collected from survey area was thoroughly surveyed) quadrats and relevés. inspected during the field assessment for fauna Remoteness and/or access Not a limitation. There were no access issues encountered during the problems field surveys.

Timing, weather, season, Not a limitation. The field survey was Not a limitation. The cycle undertaken in October, 2017 which is assessment was also limited to considered the ideal survey season. one survey period during one year, Above average rainfall was recorded in and predominantly during daylight July and August. Rainfall is therefore not hours. However, this does not considered a limitation for this survey. significantly impact a Level 1 fauna survey.

Limitation Flora and vegetation assessment Fauna assessment Disturbances (e.g. fire Minor limitation. Historical aerial The Level 1 fauna survey was not flood, accidental human imagery was obtained from Landgate to disrupted or impacted. intervention) which affected assess the history of clearing. Parts of results of the survey the survey area have been historically cleared for agriculture.

6.0 Desktop Study

6.1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Conservation Estates 6.1.1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) are areas that have been identified for protection due to their environmental significance as outlined in the Western Australian Environmental Protection (Environmentally Sensitive Areas) Notice 2005, which was gazetted on 8 April 2005. Exceptions offered for clearing under Regulation 5 of the Environmental Protection (Clearing of Native Vegetation) Regulations 2004 do not apply within ESAs. ESAs are gazetted due to supporting environmental values of State or Commonwealth importance and, in this situation, include: · Declared World Heritage properties (EPBC Act) · Areas included on the Register of the National Estate · Defined wetlands and associated buffers · Vegetation within 50 m of rare flora · TECs. The entire survey area is captured in an ESA. The ESA is associated with Carbunup River (conservation category wetland UFI 7,115), and the Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh EPBC Act-listed Vulnerable community. The Carbunup River presents a tributary to this coastal saltmarsh and is therefore considered significant. 6.1.2 Conservation Estates There are no conservation estates of DBCA managed lands that intersect with the survey area.

6.2 Surface and groundwater The Carbunup River dissects the survey area and is the object of the Project. This river is associated with Conservation Category wetland UFI 7,115. The survey areas is located within the Carbunup River catchment and is not associated with a public drinking water source. The Carbunup River dissects the EPBC Act-listed Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh TEC listed as Vulnerable.

6.3 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities The desktop study identified nine Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) and four Priority Ecological Communities (PECs). The large number of significant communities identified indicates the high endemism and significant destruction of large areas of native vegetation in the local and regional area for agriculture. Six of the significant communities are associated with wetlands, coastal processes and estuaries found in the Busselton region. One community is listed as Vulnerable under the EPBC Act. This community, Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh is mapped within the survey area (see Figure 3). It is described as estuaries and coastal embayments and on low wave energy coasts on sandy or muddy substrates with dense to patchy areas of coastal saltmarsh species. Of the 13 significant communities, one Priority 3 communities is considered likely to occur and three may occur. The descriptions, conservation categories and likelihood assessment of all significant communities identified are provided in Table 13. Nine significant communities were not considered likely to occur due to lack of key landform and/or vegetation characteristics. The locations of TECs and PECs in the area are mapped in Figure 3.

Table 13 Threatened and priority communities identified in the desktop study EPBC WC Description Description DBCA Likelihood Act Act Shrublands on Southern Swan Coastal Plain Associated with skeletal soils developed over ironstone. Characterised E CR - Unlikely Ironstones (Busselton Area) by seasonal inundation with fresh water. Restricted to the base of the Whicher Scarp. Eucalyptus calophylla Woodlands on Heavy Comprises mostly of Marri forests and woodlands of bushland VU - Unlikely Soils of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain remnants on the plain south of Capel (Gibson et al., 1994). (SCP1b)

Eucalyptus calophylla – Eucalyptus marginata Dominated by Marri and Jarrah and include understorey species such VU - Unlikely Woodlands on Sandy Clay Soils of the as Bossiaea eriocarpa and Conostylis juncea (Gibson et al., 1994). Southern Swan Coastal Plain (SCP3b) Recorded on alluvial plains near Peel-Harvey estuary.

Clay Pans of the Swan Coastal Plain – Herb Rich Saline Shrublands in Claypans (FCT07) - Landforms with CE V - Unlikely includes two TECs listed under the WC Act: impermeable clay layer forming wetlands that rely on rainfall to fill which subsequently dry out over summer. Shrubland community over geophytes, herbs and sedges in wetter parts of the site. Comprises a unique suite of geophytes and annual flora that germinates, grows and flowers sequentially as the wetland dries over summer. Dense Shrublands on Clay Flats (FCT09) - Clay pans that fill during V - Unlikely winter rains and slowly dry over spring and early summer to a hard surface. Clay pans support a diverse array of fauna. Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh Saline coastal wetlands that abut typical coastal saltmarshes along V P3 Known estuaries and coastal embayments and on low wave energy coasts on sandy or muddy substrates with dense to patchy areas of coastal saltmarsh species. Banksia Dominated Woodlands of the Swan Woodland of Banksia species with scattered eucalypts and other tree E P3 Unlikely Coastal Plain species over a species rich mix of sclerophyllous shrubs, graminoids, and forbs. Occurs mainly on deep Bassendean and Spearwood sands or occasionally on Quindalup sands. SCP02 Southern Wet Shrublands, Swan Coastal Plain. VU May Meelup Granites Calothamnus graniticus Heaths on South West Coastal Granites VU Unlikely

EPBC WC Description Description DBCA Likelihood Act Act Corymbia calophylla, Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, Corymbia calophylla, Agonis flexuosa, Banksia littoralis, Melaleuca P1 May Banksia littoralis, Eucalyptus rudis, Agonis rhaphiophylla low open forest over Viminea juncea, Jacksonia flexuosa low open forest with seasonal subsoil furcellata tall open shrubland over Xanthorrhoea preissii, Pericalymma moisture of the Dusbnorough Area. elliptica shrubland over Hibbertia spp, Astroloma pallidum, Leucopogon australia open low heath over Hypolaena pubescens, Mesomelaena tetragona, Lepidosperma spp. dense sedges over Amphipogon and Thysanotus spp. open herbs. The community occurs on sandy loam soils at the southern tip of the Swan Coastal Plain Eucalyptus rudis, Corymbia calophylla, Agonis A low lying Spearwood Dune plant community associated with shallow P1 Unlikely flexuosa closed Low Forest (near Busselton) sandy soils over Tamala limestone that in places is exposed at the surface. The plant community on these soils supports a unique mixture of wetland and upland flora. Typically low forest dominated by Eucalyptus rudis, Eucalyptus calophylla, Agonis flexuosa over a diverse understorey including Hibbertia hypericoides, Logania vaginalis, Conospermum caeruleum, Agrostocrinum hirsutum and Lomandra micrantha. Eucalyptus patens, Corymbia calophylla, Eucalyptus patens on loamy brown sands over limestone. Species P1 May Agonis flexuosa Closed Low Forest (near present include Eucalyptus patens, Corymbia calophylla and Agonis Busselton) flexuosa over understorey species including Bossiaea linophylla, Hibbertia hypericoides, Gastrolobium praemorsum, Leucopogon propinquus, Phyllanthus calycinus, Lomandra micrantha, Lepidosperma longitudinale, Mesomelaena tetragona, Cyathochaeta avenacea and Tetraria octandra. Southern Swan Coastal Plain Eucalyptus Woodlands of Eucalyptus gomphocephala - Agonis flexuosa south of P3 Likely gomphocephala - Agonis flexuosa woodlands Woodman Point. Recorded from the Karrakatta, Cottesloe and Vasse (type 25) units. Occasionally dominants other than Tuarts were recorded (Corymbia calophylla and Eucalyptus decipiens) however tuarts are emergent nearby. Banksias found in this community include Banksia attenuata, B. grandis and B. littoralis.Tuart formed the overstorey nearby however.

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6.4 Threatened and Priority Flora A total of 43 Threatened and Priority flora species were identified from the database search as potentially occurring within the survey area. Of these species, 11 are listed as Threatened under the WC Act and also under the EPBC Act. The remaining 32 species are listed as Priority Flora. Based on desktop assessment of specimen records and preferred habitat, it has been determined that four flora species of conservation significance are likely to occur, 19 flora species may occur (Table 14). The remaining 20 flora species are considered unlikely to occur due to lack of suitable habitat and known records in the area. The taxa, habitat description, flowering period and likelihood assessment is presented in Appendix A, and mapped in Figure 4. Table 14 Desktop study results for Threatened and Priority flora that may or are likely to occur

Taxon Cons. Code Likelihood Acacia flagelliformis P4 May Acacia inops P3 May Acacia semitrullata P4 Likely Boronia capitata subsp. Gracilis P3 May Caladenia busselliana EPBC Act: E May WC Act: CR Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. teretifolius P4 May Chordifex gracilior P3 May Conospermum paniculatum P3 May Cyathochaeta teretifolia P3 Likely Eucalyptus rudis subsp. cratyantha P4 May Gahnia sclerioides P4 May Gonocarpus pusillus P4 May Grevillea brachystylis subsp. brachystylis P3 Likely Hemigenia rigida P1 May Jacksonia gracillima P3 May Johnsonia inconspicua P3 May Lasiopetalum laxiflorum P3 May Leptomeria furtive P2 May Pimelea ciliata subsp. longituba P3 May Schoenus sp. Jindong (R.D. Royce 2485) P1 May Synaphea petiolaris subsp. simplex P3 May Verticordia lehmannii P4 Likely Verticordia plumosa var. vassensis EPBC Act: E May WC Act: EN

Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh

Eucalyptus patens, Corymbia calophylla, Agonis flexuosa Closed Low Forest

Banksia Dominated Woodlands of the Swan Coastal Plain IBRA Region

PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Threatened and Priority Flora APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area TEC PEC www.aecom.com LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Critically Endangered Endangered ´ Vulnerable WATER CORPORATION Priority 1 DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Priority 2 Figure 0 150 300 450 600 LENNOX WEIR Priority 3 Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

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6.5 Conservation Significant Fauna and Fauna Habitat 6.5.1 Fauna species A total of 58 Threatened, Priority and Migratory fauna species were identified from the database searches. Due to the proximity of the survey area to the ocean and as the database search areas radiate from a centre point in the survey area, the searches returned results for fauna that, practically, cannot occur. These taxa were eliminated from the tables and the 23 species that may potentially occur are presented in Table 15. Additional details including habitat requirements for each species are presented in Appendix B. With respect to fauna species of conservation significance, most of the species previously recorded in the general area (those that contributed to the database results) are considered likely to be present due to the range of habitats within the Survey area. The proximity to the coast and the transition from an estuarine to a fresh water environment offers a diverse array of habitat opportunities to wetland bird species, reptiles and mammals. Many of these species are marine or wetland birds that could potentially use parts of this sheltered waterway (the estuarine portion) as a temporary refuge. 6.5.2 Habitat A database search result indicates that the Survey area is situated within 10 km of one Fauna Habitat of conservation significance, the Vasse-wonnerup system. This wetland is of International importance and listed under the Ramsar Convention (The Convention of Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat), which is an intergovernmental multilateral treaty on the conservation of designated Wetlands of International Importance and the wise use of wetlands generally. Table 15 Desktop fauna results including common name, conservation status and likelihood of occurrence

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Likelihood Birds Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper Marine / Marine/Migratory May occur Migratory Ardea modesta Great Egret Marine IA May occur

Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Marine / - May occur Sandpiper Migratory Calidris canotus Red Knot E / Marine / VU May occur Migratory Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper CE / Marine / VU May occur Migratory Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint Marine / IA May occur Migratory Calidris subminuta Long-toed Stint Marine / - May occur Migratory Calyptorhynchus Forest Red-tailed V VU May occur banksii naso Black Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus Baudin's Cockatoo V EN May occur baudinii Calyptorhynchus Carnaby's Cockatoo E EN May occur latirostris Charadrius Greater Sand Plover V / Marine / IA (& VU at subsp. May occur leschenaultii Migratory level) Pandion haliaetus Osprey Marine / - May occur Migratory Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank Marine / IA May occur Migratory

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Likelihood Invertebrates Engaewa reducta Dunsborough CE EN May Occur Burrowing Crayfish Pachysaga strobila Cricket - P1 May Occur Westralunio carteri Carter's Freshwater - VU May Occur Mussel Fish Nannatherina balstoni Balston's Pygmy V VU May Occur Perch Mammals Dasyurus geoffroii Chuditch V VU May Occur Hydromys Water-rat - P4 May Occur chrysogaster Isoodon obesulus Quenda - P4 Likely fusciventer Macropus irma Western Brush P4 Likely Wallaby Phascogale tapoatafa South-western Brush- CD May occur wambenger tailed Phascogale Pseudocheirus Western Ringtail V CE Likely occidentalis Possum

7.0 Survey Results

7.1 Vegetation 7.1.1 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities The survey area is located within the Carbunup River conservation category wetland and dissects the EPBC Act-listed Vulnerable TEC - Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh. The vegetation that dissects this TEC is mapped as Good condition Melaleuca rhaphiophylla over Agonis flexuosa and Spyridium globulosum tall shrubland over Baumea vaginalis, Juncus kraussii and Gahnia trifida tall open sedgeland. This does not appear to represent the vegetation associated with the Coastal Saltmarsh TEC. However, it cannot be denied that the TEC appears to occur parallel to the coastline in the middle of the survey area. Liaison with DBCA vegetation community staff will be undertaken to determine the presence of this TEC. One Priority 3 community was considered likely to occur and two may occur. These communities were associated with woodlands that occur in the Busselton region. The FCT analysis did not show any similarity to these communities and were therefore discounted from being present in the survey area. 7.1.2 Floristic Community Type Analysis Species composition of intact vegetation units recorded within the survey area was analysed and compared to the Keighery et al. (2012) dataset and from this Floristic Community Types (FCTs) have been inferred. Any vegetation planted or severely degraded were not compared to the dataset as they do not represent native vegetation assemblages. The floristic assessment did not identify the occurrence of any Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs). Two quadrats (LW001 and LW003) inferred FCT30b Quindalup Eucalyptus gomphocephala and/or Agonis flexuosa woodlands. Similarity to this FCT was overall low, between 23%-17%. The low similarity is likely a reflection of the degradation of vegetation within the survey area and results based on a single quadrat-scoring event. Quadrat LW001 showed 17% similarity to FCT29a coastal shrublands on shallow sands, listed as a Priority 3 community. The key characteristics of this community are heath shrubs on sand over limestone found close to the coast. LW001 is characterised by a distinct upper story of Eucalyptus rudis (20% cover) with Agonis flexuosa. The description therefore was not considered to match and FCT29a was discounted as being present. Quadrats LW002 and 003 matched the closest aligning FCT. See Table 16 for data analysis results.

Table 16 Inferred FCT for all quadrats including a result review, final FCT, and species richness comparison between quadrat and FCT shown as species/quadrat SCP Quadrat (FCT; Sp. Richness (Quadrat/SCP Site Review of Result Final FCT % similarity) Quadrat) LW001 BMaid02 (29a, 17%) Aligned with FCT29a FCT30b Quindalup E. gomphocephala and/or A. 17 / 37.6 (quadrat) Possum3 (30b, 15%) which was excluded as it flexuosa woodlands. GMaid02 (25, 15%) represents heath on PEPB-1 (30b, 15%) limestone. LW002 Possum5 (17, 16%) Aligned with FCT17 FCT17 Woodlands dominated by Melaleuca 20 / 13.6 (quadrat) PEPB-1 (30b, 14%) rhaphiophylla with Gahnia trifida Possum2 (16, 13%) Possum1 (30b, 13%) LW003 PEPB-1 (30b, 23%) Aligned with FCT30b FCT30b Quindalup E. gomphocephala and/or A. 16 / 37.6 (quadrat) Possum3 (30b, 16%) flexuosa woodlands MINN-1 (25, 15%) Possum4 (30b, 14%) BMaid2 (29a, 14%

7.1.3 Vegetation Units The survey area comprises 4.6 ha of native vegetation and 1.5 ha cleared/paddock. Three vegetation units were described and mapped within the survey area during the field assessment in October 2017. This includes: · One woodland (3.47 ha) · Two riparian vegetation units (1.13 ha). The Eucalypt woodland ErAfLg was the most common covering approximately half of the survey area (3.47 ha). A small area in the north of the survey area was cleared (1.51 ha). Species richness was low for all three communities mapped. The highest native species richness was recorded in ErAfLg with 15 native species. The vegetation units are described in Table 17 and mapped in Figure 5.

Table 17 Vegetation units recorded in the Survey area including code, description survey effort, extent and species richness Community Photograph Type Vegetation Description Code ErAfLg Eucalyptus Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha mid woodland with occasional Melaleuca woodland rhaphiophylla over Agonis flexuosa, Callistachys lanceolata and Spyridium globulosum tall shrubland over Baumea juncea, Baumea vaginalis and Lepidosperma gladiatum tall sedgeland. Area: 3.47 ha Sites: three quadrats (LW001, LW003, LW004), one relevé (LW005) Species richness: 15 native and 6 weed species

MrAfGt Melaleuca Melaleuca rhaphiophylla low open forest over Agonis flexuosa and Spyridium Woodland globulosum tall shrubland over Baumea vaginalis, Juncus kraussii and Gahnia trifida tall open sedgeland.

Area: 0.52 ha Sites: one quadrat (LW002), one relevé (LW006) Species richness: 9 native and 11 weed species

Community Photograph Type Vegetation Description Code HcLgBd Riparian Acacia littorea, Hibbertia cuneiformis and Pimelea argentea mid sparse Shrubland shrubland over Baumea juncea, Gahnia trifida and Lepidosperma gladiatum tall sparse sedgeland over Bromus diandrus and Lagurus ovatus sparse tussock grassland. Area: 0.61 ha Sites: two relevés (LW007, LW008) Species richness: 7 native and 8 weed species

Cleared No native vegetation present. Area: 1.51 ha

Cleared Lw008 !(

HcLgBd

!( Lw007

Lw006 !(

Lw005 !(

!( Lw004

Lw001 !(

ErAfLg

MrAfGt !(Lw003 Lw002 !(

PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Vegetation Units APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area !( Quadrat www.aecom.com LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Vegetation Units Cleared !( Releve ´ ErAfLg WATER CORPORATION HcLgBd DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 MrAfGt Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

Base Data: (c) Based on information provided by and 5 1:8,000 when printed at A4 with the permission of the Western Australian Land

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7.1.4 Vegetation Condition Vegetation condition within the Survey area varied from ‘Very Good’ to ‘Completely Degraded’. The majority was mapped as ‘Good’, extending over 2.45 ha (comprising 40% of the total vegetated area). Native vegetation in the local area has been extensively cleared for agriculture since European settlement. To support the agriculture industry infrastructure including powerlines, roads, access tracks, fences and drainage channels have been constructed. These have all contributed to increased degradation of remnant native vegetation including spread of weeds, infestations of significant weeds, and altered hydrological regimes. The major contributing factors causing degradation are weeds and grazing from adjacent stocked paddocks. Vegetation condition has been mapped in Figure 6. Table 18 Vegetation Condition mapped within the Survey area

Condition Rating Area (ha) Percentage of Survey Area (%)

Very Good 1.03 16.9 Good 2.45 40.1 Degraded 1.15 18.8 Completely Degraded 1.48 24.2 Total 6.11 100

Completely Degraded

Degraded

Very Good

Good

PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Vegetation Condition APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area www.aecom.com LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Vegetation Condition Very Good ´ Good WATER CORPORATION Degraded DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Completely Degraded Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

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7.2 Flora 7.2.1 Threatened and Priority Flora No species listed as Declared Rare Flora or Threatened (T or X) under the WC Act or as Threatened under the EPBC Act were recorded from within the survey area. One Priority Flora species was recorded from the survey area, Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4). This species is differentiated from the common Flooded Gum by the size of the fruit. At the time of the field survey, a few tree nuts were collected. A larger collection is required to determine whether fruits are consistently within the size range of the Priority 4 or representative of the common Flooded Gum. For this reason the species was not confirmed. The targeted search of the survey area did not identify any of the Threatened and Priority flora species identified in the desktop assessment. The majority of the survey area was searched with particular focus placed on riparian habitat and swampy areas where several species were determined to likely occur (see Section 6.4. The track log of the targeted search is provided in Figure 7. 7.2.2 Inventory of Flora Species A total of 65 species from 58 genera and 31 families were recorded within the survey area during the field assessment. The total includes 36 (55%) locally native species and 29 (45%) introduced (exotic) or naturalised weed species. Families with the highest representation are Fabaceae (11 taxa; six locally native and five introduced), Poaceae (10 taxa; one locally native and nine introduced) and Cyperaceae (8 taxa; seven locally native and and one introduced). Two opportunistic species were recorded which were not present within the quadrats or relevés. The full list of vascular flora species recorded and representative communities in which they occur in are presented in Appendix C. Qualitative data recorded from individual quadrats is presented in Appendix C. 7.2.3 Weed Species In total, 29 introduced species were recorded from the survey area, including two Declared Pests, Asparagus asparagoides (C3) and Zantedeschia aethiopica (C3). Declared Pests are listed under the Biosecurity and Agricultural Management Act 2007 (BAM Act). Pursuant to the BAM Act, these species are subject to restrictions on movement or sale and landholders are obliged to carry out control measures to prevent their spread. Both species should be controlled and managed to reduce infestation and further degradation of the survey area. Declared Pests Couch Grass (Cynodon dactylon) was the most frequently occurring weed, followed by Declared Pest Arum Lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica) and Hop Clover (Trifolium campestre).

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PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Targeted Search APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area www.aecom.com ! LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Survey Effort

´ WATER CORPORATION DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

Base Data: (c) Based on information provided by and 7 1:8,000 when printed at A4 with the permission of the Western Australian Land

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7.3 Fauna and Fauna Habitat 7.3.1 Threatened, Migratory and Priority Fauna Species One Threatened fauna species was recorded within the survey area. The Western Ringtail Possum is recognised as a threatened species under State and Commonwealth legislation. In Western Australia it is a Schedule 1 species, classed as fauna that is rare or likely to become extinct (Specially Protected) under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 and is listed as Vulnerable under the EPBC Act. Internationally it is listed as vulnerable and with decreasing population trend under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2013). The Western Ringtail Possum is a medium-sized nocturnal marsupial weighing between 700 and 1300 grams. It has short fur, coloured deep chocolate brown to grey dorsally, and creamy white ventrally; the tail fur is short and creamy white towards the tip. The ears are short and rounded. These possums are strongly arboreal and strictly folivorous, mostly feeding on leaves and some flowers of selected tree species (Jones et al. 1994). In the coastal regions of southwest Western Australia, these possums are strongly associated with Peppermint Trees (Agonis flexuosa), with up to 99.6% of their diet comprising of A. Flexuosa leaves (Jones et al. 1994). Although hollows are the preferred resting habitat for possums, they may utilise forks in trees, voids in tree trunks, fallen hollows logs, rabbit burrows and dense ground cover (where present) for daytime refuge. Though they prefer tree hollows as rest sites, they are capable of constructing nests called “dreys” from vegetative material, particularly where tree hollows are not available (Ellis and Jones 1992). The majority of dreys are constructed from material gathered from A. Flexuosa trees (Jones et al. 1994). Though the presence of dreys is the best indicator of the presence of Western Ringtailed Possum, the presence of all other forms of refuge must be considered when interpreting the value of habitat and the potential presence of this species. During the Lennox Weir assessment, the Western Ringtail Possum was deemed present based on indirect observation, from the ground, of possible dreys (see Plate 1). One, in particular, was considered very highly likely to be a drey as it was constructed from material gathered from A. flexuosa and the tree within which it was located showed scratch marks over the trunk. The field assessment confirmed that the Survey area is very likely to be utilised by Western Ring-tailed Possum, based on the observation of dreys and the presence of mature Peppermint Trees. The number of dreys observed cannot be utilised as a means of abundance estimation as they may construct multiple dreys over time and some structures, even unused, can persist for many years. Although dreys occurred at mid-story vegetation levels, they were often within areas containing a dense overstory of Flooded Gum, which may indicate a preference for canopy cover and the reduced exposure to sun and predation. The loss of habitat currently used by possums is considered unlikely to significantly impact on the species status in the area given vegetation will remain connected and largely intact. The most significant possible impact will be the potential for individuals to be killed or injured during clearing operations and this will need to be managed during site works. The likelihood of occurrence of this species was further validated by the extent, size and quality of mature Peppermint Trees within the survey area. Predation of native species is a major threatening process for many terrestrial vertebrate species. Predation of Western Ringtail Possums by foxes is considered to be a significant threatening process for the Western Ringtail Possum (Woinarski et al. 2014; Kinnear et al. 2002). Given the abundance of active fox burrows observed during the field assessment, it is likely that the rate of predation is high within populations sustained by the presence of sheep in adjacent farmland.

Plate 1 Western Ringtail Possum drey recorded in the survey area

7.3.2 Inventory of Fauna Species Fifteen fauna species were recorded during the field survey. This included three birds, two amphibians, five mammals and five reptiles, shown in Table 19. The European Wild Rabbit and Red Fox are listed as a Declared Pests under the BAM Act. These species were recorded intermittently throughout the survey area, and were identified either by direct observation, scats, burrows or tracks. Table 19 Fauna Species recorded within the Survey area Conservation Significance Species Common Name Commonwealth State Birds Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie - - Porphyrio porphyrio Western Swamphen - - Corvus coronoides Australian Raven - - Amphibians Crinia glauerti Clicking Froglet - - Litoria adelaidensis Slender Tree Frog - - Mammals Pseudocheirus occidentalis Western Ringtail Possum Vulnerable CR Oryctolagus cuniculus European Rabbit - - Vulpes vulpes Red Fox - - Felis catus Domestic Cat - - Ovis aries Sheep - - Reptiles Cryptoblepharus buchanii Buchanan’s Snake-Eyed skink - - Egernia kingii King Skink - - Notechis scutatus Tiger Snake - - Tiliqua rugosa Bobtail - - Pseudanaja affinis Dugite - -

7.3.3 Fauna Habitat Four fauna habitats have been defined and mapped for the Survey area based on the results of the field assessment (Figure 8). These habitats are described as: - Woodland with Minimal Understory (WLU) - Degraded River (DG) - Woodland within Inundation area (WLI) - Peppermint Stand (PS) The survey area is located in an agricultural area with significant degradation, but does provide some areas of good quality fauna habitat. The most common fauna habitat within the Survey area was Woodland with minimal understory (WLU). This habitat contains a dense overstory of mature Flooded Gum (Eucalyptus rudis) and Peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa). It would generally support many of the common species of the area and may be utilised by many of the conservation significant species such as Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso), Carnaby's Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris), Baudins Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii) and Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis). Habitat degradation through grazing was observed throughout all the habitat types, however, there was significant degradation present in the Degraded River habitat within the survey area. The vegetation in this area has not been fenced off to livestock, and evidence of large herbivores consuming vegetation was observed. Furthermore, rabbit burrow densities were the highest than elsewhere in the Survey area, which could be attributable to the presence of steep banks, likely re- contoured, running parallel with the river, as they provide good aspect for entrances and easy shape- retaining material to dig through. Loss of plants through grazing may reduce foraging plants available to fauna species. 7.3.4 Fauna Habitat Linkages Habitat linkages are typically areas or corridors of vegetation that link (larger) areas of fauna habitat. Linkages are important as they enable fauna to move freely between remnant bushland patches, therefore increasing gene-flow between populations. A study conducted by Gilbert et al. (1998) found that corridors and/or linkages do maintain species richness in the fragmented landscapes. The survey area contains significant amounts of cleared land (35%), bordered by farmland on the east and west for the majority of the length. Vegetation along the northern portion connects to the Locke Nature Reserve 2 km to the east and may also provide linkage for the large area of vegetation located 3 km south in Carbunup. Table 20 Fauna Habitats of the Survey Area Fauna Significant Species Area % of Description Habitat Potentially Utilising Habitat (ha) Area Woodland Habitat containing dense overstorey of large · Forest Red-tailed Black 4.08 52 with Minimal mature trees over mixed riparian vegetation Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus Understory (introduced and native) banksii naso) – nesting and (WLU) Significant habitat characteristics include: foraging · Abundance of large mature trees · Carnaby's Black Cockatoo (Flooded Gum and Peppermint Tree) (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) · Ground cover has been degraded – nesting and foraging through grazing and consists of · Baudins Cockatoo introduced weeds and grasses (Calyptorhynchus baudinii) - · Some fallen logs, log detritus and fallen nesting and foraging leaves at base of trees · Quenda (Isoodon obesulus · Stones and boulders were generally fusciventer) absent · Western Ringtail Possum · Adjacent to permanent water source (Pseudocheirus · Fallen logs with a diameter >30 cm occidentalis) – nesting and were common, hollows were rare foraging

Fauna Significant Species Area % of Description Habitat Potentially Utilising Habitat (ha) Area Degraded This habitat is predominately riparian · Quenda (Isoodon obesulus 0.29 4 river (DR) vegetation (native and introduced) with the fusciventer) occasional midstorey acacia. · Western Ringtail Possum Significant habitat characteristics include: (Pseudocheirus · absence of large mature trees, large occidentalis) – nesting and fallen logs and hollows foraging · understory primarily riparian sedges/reeds · steep banks adjacent to river provides opportunity for burrowing species · adjacent permanent saline/ brackish water source · absence of stones and boulders Woodland This habitat consisted of moderately dense · Quenda (Isoodon obesulus 1.04 13 within mature trees (Flooded Gum, Paperbark and fusciventer) inundation Peppermint Trees) and with a varied · Forest Red-tailed Black area (WLI) understory of sparse to dense riparian Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus sedges and rushes. banksii naso) – nesting and Significant habitat characteristics include: foraging · overstorey of mature trees · Carnaby's Black Cockatoo · understorey of riparian vegetation with (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) almost no groundcover – nesting and foraging · adjacent to permanent water source · Baudins Cockatoo · seasonally flooded. Areas of shallow (Calyptorhynchus baudinii) - standing water were present nesting and foraging · fallen logs with a diameter >30 cm · Quenda (Isoodon obesulus were common, hollows were rare fusciventer) · Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis) – nesting and foraging Peppermint This habitat is predominately mature · Quenda (Isoodon obesulus 0.51 6.56 stand (PS) Peppermint Trees over mixed vegetation. fusciventer) Significant habitat characteristics include: · Western Ringtail Possum · overstorey primarily mature peppermint (Pseudocheirus trees occidentalis) – nesting and · moderate to sparse cover midstorey foraging and shrub layer · understory and ground cover has been degraded and consists of some native sedges · adjacent to saline/ brackish water · steep sand banks adjacent to river provides opportunity for burrowing species

Peppermint Stand (PS)

Degraded River (DG)

Cleared

Woodland with Minimal Understorey (WLU)

Woodland within Inundation area (WLI)

PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Fauna Habitats of the Lennox Weir APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area www.aecom.com Study Area LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Fauna Habitat ´ Cleared WATER CORPORATION Degraded River (DG) DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Peppermint Stand (PS) Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Woodland with Minimal Understorey (WLU) Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar metres Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, Woodland within Inundation area (WLI) and the GIS User Community Base Data: (c) Based on information provided by and 8 1:8,000 when printed at A4 with the permission of the Western Australian Land

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7.4 Black Cockatoos 7.4.1 Breeding Trees considered potentially suitable for black cockatoos to use as nesting habitat which were found within the survey area comprised of the following species: · Flooded Gum – Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha · Dead (unidentifiable) – presumably Flooded Gum Within the survey area 65 trees are considered to be potential Black Cockatoo breeding habitat trees, in accordance with the Commonwealth guidelines (DSEWPaC, 2012a) mapped in Figure 9 and tabulated in Appendix E. A total of six (~9%) of these trees had potential hollows. A total of seven potential hollows were observed within the six trees and, of these, four (~57%) had diameters deemed large enough and were potentially suitable for use by Carnaby’s/Baudins/Forest Red-Tailed Black Cockatoo (>~12-15 cm). Given these hollows could not be inspected, it could not be determined if the hollows were deep enough for nesting to occur. As is often the case, a number of bee hives were observed in trees with hollows, reducing the likelihood that the area can be used for breeding. Despite recording 65 potential breeding trees, breeding quality is considered relatively poor as Flooded Gum, the dominant mature tree species, is rarely utilised by Black Cockatoos for breeding except by Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo where other better nesting options are unavailable. A large number of trees were identified as potential nesting trees based on the diameter of the tree at breast height only. Despite the size and age of the trees very few hollows had formed in dead limbs. This is typical of this species and possibly also a function of a lack of historic severe fires that could burn out trunks and create hollows. Given nesting occurs from August to December, it is likely that evidence of individuals using the hollows would have been observed had they been occupied. During this survey half of the potentially suitable breeding hollows for Black Cockatoo contained mature beehives. Feral bees cause the loss of tree hollows via occupation which reduces the number of hollows available for native animals to breed and shelter for up to 20 to 50 years. In some Project sites in the south-west, up to 50% of Black Cockatoo nest hollows had been lost to feral European honeybees in the past 10 years (Jonestone and Kirby 2010). Active beehives in trees deter the use of the tree by Black Cockatoos but do not necessarily exclude use of other adjacent hollows, either whilst the hive is active or after it goes extinct (Jonestone and Kirby 2010). Management of the European honey bee, through removal of the hive has been employed in circumstances where nesting hollows are dramatically limited for nesting cockatoos. Preventative measures, such as the use of an invertebrate pest strip, inserted each year into natural hollows during late winter to spring has been shown to stop feral bees constructing hives. A review of the most recent mapping of Black Cockatoo breeding distributions indicate that the survey area is situated within 12 km of known breeding areas for both Carnaby and Baudin’s Cockatoo (DSEWPaC 2012). There are few breeding reports and little breeding information on Forest Red- Tailed Black Cockatoo, however, they are known to utilise Marri trees for breeding in the south-west.

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PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Potential Black Cockatoo Breeding APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area www.aecom.com Trees in the Lennox Weir Study Area LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Potential Black Cockatoo Breeding Tree (! Suitable Hollow(s) (! ´ No WATER CORPORATION DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

Base Data: (c) Based on information provided by and 9 1:8,000 when printed at A4 with the permission of the Western Australian Land

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7.4.2 Roosting Black Cockatoo roosting habitat is generally found in or near riparian vegetation, close to fresh water and is typically comprised of the tallest trees, in these areas (DSEWPaC, 2012a). There was no evidence of roosting activity at the study site. Within the survey area 5.12 ha of vegetation supports large trees within 50 m of a freshwater source, comprising of Flooded Gum (Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha). There were no scat piles observed under trees and there was no mass calling event in the late afternoon of the field assessment. The field assessment was undertaken until 18:00, therefore the lack of mass-calling records suggest this species does not roost in the survey area. Baudin’s are the only Black Cockatoo species known to consistently roost in Flooded Gum (DSEWPaC 2012), so it was surprising to not find any evidence of roosting given the abundance of mature trees and close proximity to water. This may be because much of the surrounding landscape, particularly to the south and west of the survey area contains stands of Marri/Jarrah, which also provide good quality foraging habitat. Given the lack of mass-calling during the evening of the filed assessment, confidence is high that the survey area is not consistently used for Black Cockatoo roosting. The Forest Red-Tailed Black Cockatoo prefers the edges of forests for roosting (DSEWPaC, 2012). Roost sites of Baudin’s Cockatoo comprise tall emergent eucalypts or Blackbutt (Eucalyptus patens), often near watercourses and in sheltered gullies. However, E. rudis is identified as a roost tree for this species. It is not identified as a roost species for Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo. In general, the aspect, location and trees within the survey area present opportunities for the site to be used for roosting though no evidence was observed during the survey. 7.4.3 Foraging A total of 4.60 ha of vegetation within the survey area was considered to be of Quality foraging value to Black Cockatoo (Figure 10). No evidence of foraging was observed within the survey area despite opportunistic searches for chewed fruits. Flooded Gum was abundant and has the potential to be utilised by Black Cockatoos as foraging habitat, but, typically they make up a very small component (if any) of the three species diets. Refer to Table 21 for extent and percent area of the various foraging quality categories observed in the Survey area. The survey area lacked High to Very High Quality foraging habitat, which is due to the low diversity of food sources, given much of the midstory and understory vegetation had been cleared. Furthermore, Flooded Gum was the dominant mature tree species which, although potentially utilised by Black Cockatoos as a food source, it comprises little (if any) of their primary diet. This was likely why no evidence of foraging activity (chewed seeds/nuts) was observed during the field assessment. The vegetation along the Degraded River and Peppermint Stand in the north of the Survey area provided no foraging habitat for Black Cockatoos. Therefore, it was not unexpected that foraging evidence was not observed during field assessment in these areas despite undertaking foraging searches. No direct sightings of any species of Black Cockatoo were observed during the field survey. Table 21 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat Quality Assessment

Rating Area (ha) Area (%) Low Quality 1.51 25% Quality 4.60 75% High Quality 0 0 Very High Quality 0 0 Total 6.11 100

PROJECT ID 60552121 LEGEND CREATED BY DGF Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat APPROVED BY CKrens Project Area www.aecom.com within the Lennox Weir Study Area LAST MODIFIED 17 NOV 2017 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat Cleared ´ Suitable Habitat WATER CORPORATION Unsuitable Habitat DATUM GDA 1994, PROJECTION MGA ZONE 50 Figure 0 60 120 180 240 LENNOX WEIR Data sources: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, metres and the GIS User Community

Base Data: (c) Based on information provided by and 10 1:8,000 when printed at A4 with the permission of the Western Australian Land

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8.0 Conclusions A flora, vegetation and fauna assessment was undertaken for the Lennox Weir project in October 2017. The Project included a field survey to document the ecological values of native vegetation within a defined survey area adjacent to a river channel. A summary of the survey outcomes is provided below: · The survey area is within an Environmentally Sensitive Area, associated with the Carbunup River and the Threatened community Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh listed under the EPBC Act. · No Threatened or Priority ecological communities were recorded or mapped in the survey area. This was supported by FCT analysis and reviewing community descriptions. · Four Priority flora species were considered likely to occur in the survey area based on habitat, known occurrences and date of previous record. None were recorded during the field survey. Lack of Priority species may be attributed to the degradation of native vegetation within the survey area. · One conservation significant fauna species, the Western Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus occidentalis) was determined to be present based on observations of dreys, in particular one drey with claw marks around the trunk. · Four fauna habitats were mapped which provide suitable habitat for many common species and may be utilised by conservation significant species such as the Baudin’s Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii), Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso), Carnaby's Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris), and Western Ringtail Possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus occidentalis). · 65 potential Black Cockatoo breeding trees (all identified as Flooded Gum Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha) were recorded with four trees containing potentially suitable hollows. Bees were very common and will affect the ability for Cockatoos to utilise these hollows. Flooded Gum is rarely utilised by Black Cockatoos for breeding therefore breeding quality is considered low. · Black Cockatoo roosting habitat was identified comprising of tall trees near a freshwater source. No roosting evidence was recorded during the field survey. · No High Quality or Very High Quality foraging habitat for the lack Cockatoo species - Clearing and overgrazing has reduced the diversity of vegetation and potential food sources. Flooded Gum provided the only food source and this species only constitutes a small component of black cockatoo diet. The flora, vegetation and fauna assessments were undertaken by suitability qualified personnel and no significant limitations were identified that may affect the survey outcomes.

9.0 References Australian Government, 2012. EPBC Act Referral Guidelines for Three Threatened Black Cockatoo Species. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra, ACT. Beard JS, 1981. Swan, 1:1,000,000 vegetation series : explanatory notes to sheet 7 : the vegetation of the Swan area Nedlands, W.A. : University of Western Australia Brown A, Dixon K, French C, Brockman G, 2013. Field Guide to the Orchids of Western Australia. Simon Nevill Publications, Perth WA. Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), 2017. Climate Statistics for Australian Locations. http://www.bom.gov.au/climate Christidis L and Boles WE, 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Australia. Ellis M. Jones B. 1992. Observations of captive and wild western ringtail possums Pseudocheirus occidentalis. Western Australian Naturalist 19:1-10. EPA & DEC, 2010. Technical Guide - Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental Protection Authority, Perth, Western Australia. EPA, 2016. Technical Guide – Terrestrial Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (eds. K Freeman, G Stack, S Thomas and N Woolfrey). Including minor revisions made 8 July 2016. Perth, Western Australia. EPA, 2015. Perth and Peel @ 3.5 Million. EPA, Western Australia. Gibson N, Keighery B, Keighery G, Burbidge A. & Lyons M, 1994. A Floristic Survey of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain. A report prepared by the Western Australian DEC and the Western Australian Conservation Council for the Australian Heritage Commission, Perth Western Australia. Gilbert F, Gonzalez A and Evans-Freke I, 1998. Corridors Maintain Species Richness in the Fragmented Landscapes of a Microecosystem. Published in The Royal Society, 265, 577-582. Government of Western Australia, 2000. Bush Forever Volume 1. Western Australian Planning Commission. Perth, Western Australia. Heddle EM, Loneragan OW, Havell JJ, 1980. Vegetation of the Darling System in Atlas of Natural Resources, Darling System, Western Australia. Department of Environment and Conservation: Perth, Western Australia. Hoffman N, & Brown A, 1992. Orchids of South-west Australia 2nd edn. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. Johnstone RE, Johnstone C, Kirkby T, 2010. Carnaby’s Cockatoo, Baudin’s Cockatoo and the Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia: Studies on distribution, status, breeding, food movements and historical changes. Report to the Department of Planning, Perth. Jones BA. How RA, Kitchener DJ. 1994. A Field Study of Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Marsupialia: Petauridae). I. Distribution and Habitat. Wildlife Research 21:175-187. Jonestone RE. Kirby T. Sarti K. 2013. The breeding biology of Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii naso Gould in south-western Australia. I. Characteristics of nest trees and nest hollows. Conservation Biology. 19:121-142. Keighery BJ, 1994. Bushland Plant Survey - A Guide to Plant Community Survey for the Community Wildflower Society of WA (inc) Nedlands WA. Kinnear JE. Sumner NR. Onus ML. 2002. The red fox in Australia-an exotic predator turned biocontrol agent. Biological Conservation. 108:335-359

Kirkby, T. (2009). Results of Black Cockatoo Survey at Lot 2 Dawesville. Unpublished report for WA Limestone. McKenzie NL, May JE, & McKenna S, 2002.Bioregional Summary of the 2002 Biodiversity Audit for Western Australia, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth. Meissner R, & English V, 2005. Shrubland Association on Southern Swan Coastal Plain Ironstone (Busselton area) (Southern Ironstone Association) Interim recovery plan no. 215. Department of Environment and Conservation. In effect under the EPBC Act from 10-Feb-2012. Mitchell, D Williams, K Desmond, A 2002, ‘Swan Coastal Plain 2 (SWA2 – Swan Coastal subregion)’ in CALM 2002. Bioregional Summary of the 2002 Biodiversity Audit for Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia. Patten J, Webb A, Batty A, 2008a. Interim Recovery Plan for Bussell’s Spider Orchid (Caladenia busselliana). Department of Environment and Conservation, WA. Patten J, Webb A, Batty A, 2008b. Recovery Plan for Dunsborough Spider Orchid (Caladenia viridescens). Department of Environment and Conservation, WA. Threatened Species Scientific Committee (TSSC), 2015. Conservation Advice Banksia squarrosa subsp. argillacea. Available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/82769-conservation- advice-01102015.pdf. TSSC, 2008. Conservation Advice for Caladenia procera (Carbunup King Spider Orchid). Available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/68679-conservation- advice.pdf. Western Australian Herbarium (WAH), 1998. Florabase: Online Resource. Available at https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au. Accessed January 2017. Woinarski J.C.Z; Burbidge A.A. and Harrison P.L. (2014). The 2012 action plan for Australian mammals. CSIRO publishing.

Appendix A

Desktop Flora Results

Appendix A Desktop Flora Results Count Taxon Cons. Code Habitat Flowering Period Likelihood date Acacia flagelliformis P4 Two known populations nearby (5 & 11). Sandy soils and winter-wet 1992 May-Sep May areas. Acacia inops P3 Black peaty sand, clay. Swamps, creeks. NA Sep-Nov May Acacia lateriticola var. P3 Lateritic soils. NA Aug or Oct Unlikely Glabrous variant (B.R.Maslin 6765) Acacia semitrullata P4 White/grey sand, sometimes over laterite. Clay, sandplains and swampy 1993 May-Oct Likely areas. Two known populations nearby (18 & 20). Amphidium tortuosum P1 One record at WA Herb recorded in Yallingup National Park. NA Unlikely Andersonia sp. Echidna P2 Jarrah and Marri forest on gravel soils. NA Unlikely (A.R. Annels ARA 5500) Banksia squarrosa EPBC Act: V One known population nearby (18). White/grey sand, gravelly clay or 2006 Jun-Nov Unlikely subsp. argillacea WC Act: VU loam. Winter-wet flats, clay flats. Its mostly known from the western base of the Whicher Range, east of Busselton, known from 11 sub-populatoins over a range of approximately 0.38km2 (TSSC, 2015). Boronia capitata subsp. P3 White/grey or black sand, winter-wet swamps and hillslopes. One known 1953 Jun-Nov May Gracilis population. Caladenia busselliana EPBC Act: E Known from narrow range less than 40km in Vasse-Yallingup area 2003 Sep-Oct May WC Act: CR growing in winter-wet swamps on sandy loam over clay soils in Jarrah and Marri woodland (Patten et al., 2008a) Caladenia excelsa EPBC Act: E White, grey or brown sand, sandy loam. NA Sep-Oct Unlikely WC Act: EN Caladenia procera EPBC Act: Endemic to small area where it grows in Jarrah, Marri, and Peppermint 2012 Mar-Nov Unlikely CE woodland on alluvial sandy-clay loam flats witn Kangaroo Paw amongst WC Act: CR dense heath and sedges or low dense shrubs (TSSC, 2008).

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Count Taxon Cons. Code Habitat Flowering Period Likelihood date Caladenia viridescens EPBC Act: E Occurs near Leeuwin-Naturaliste Ridge growing on well-drained lateritic 2012 Sep-Oct Unlikely WC Act: CR sandy loam soils in Marri and Peppermint woodlands with heath species (Patten et al., 2008b) Calothamnus quadrifidus P4 Known from wetland areas in Marri/Jarrah forests on loam over laterite to 1997 Unknown May subsp. teretifolius sandy soils. Two known populations nearby (6A-B & 15). Calystegia sepium P2 One known population, locally abundant. 2006 Unknown Unlikely subsp. roseata Caustis sp. Boyanup P3 White or grey sand. NA Unknown Unlikely (G.S. McCutcheon 1706) Chamelaucium sp. S WC Act: VU One known population nearby (13) 1997 Unknown Unlikely coastal plain (R.D.Royce 4872) Chordifex gracilior P3 One known population, locally common. Peaty sand. Swamps. 1991 Sep-Dec May Conospermum P3 One known population nearby (4). Swampy areas, plains, slopes. 1993 Jul-Nov May paniculatum Cyathochaeta teretifolia P3 Two known populations nearby (7 & 15). Grey sand, sandy clay. 2006 Unknown Likely Swamps, creek edges. Daviesia elongata WC Act: VU Sandy soils, sand, laterite. Three known populations nearby (1, 9 & 14) 2014 Sep or Dec-Feb Unlikely subsp. elongata Drakaea micrantha WC Act: EN One known population nearby (22). White-grey sand. 2004 Sep-Oct Unlikely Eucalyptus rudis subsp. P4 Loam. Flats, hillsides. NA Jul-Sep May cratyantha Gahnia sclerioides P4 Loam, sandy soils. Moist shaded situations. NA Unknown May Gastrolobium WC Act: CR Jarrah/Marri woodland, gravelly loams and granite. NA Unknown Unlikely argyrotrichum Gonocarpus pusillus P4 Grey sandy clay. Winter-wet swamps. NA Nov-Dec May Grevillea brachystylis P3 Black sand, sandy clay, swampy situations. Two known populations (4 1997 Aug-Nov Likely subsp. brachystylis & 10)

Count Taxon Cons. Code Habitat Flowering Period Likelihood date Grevillea brachystylis WC Act: CR One known population nearby (9) 2012 Unknown Unlikely subsp. grandis Hakea oldfieldii P3 Three known populations, relatively common on restricted geology. Red 2014 Aug-Oct Unlikely clay or sand over laterite. Seasonally wet flats. Hemigenia rigida P1 One known occurrence in open woodland E. marginata and C. calophylla 1996 Aug-Jan May with dense understorey including Mirbelia dilatata, Kingia australis and Tetraria octandra. Jacksonia gracillima P3 Flooded Gum, Jarrah and Marri forest on sand to sandy loams, NA Unknown May sometimes limestone. Johnsonia inconspicua P3 Three known populations nearby (1A-B, 4A-B & 6). White-grey or black 2003 Oct-Nov May sand. Low dunes, winter-wet flats. Lasiopetalum laxiflorum P3 One known occurrence in Marri/Jarrah woodland 1997 Unknown May Laxmannia jamesii P4 Grey sand. Winter-wet locations. NA May-Jul Unlikely Leptomeria furtive P2 Grey or black peaty sand. Winter-wet flats. NA Aug-Oct May Lepyrodia P3 One known population nearby (6) in Jarrah and Banksia woodland. 1993 Dec Unlikely heleocharoides Ornduffia submersa P4 One known population. 1985 Unknown Unlikely Pimelea ciliata subsp. P3 Grey sand over clay, loam. NA Oct-Dec May longituba Schoenus sp. Jindong P1 One known record associated with moist red loamy banks. 1948 Unknown May (R.D. Royce 2485) Synaphea hians P3 One known record on dunes near swamp on sand over clay in low 1985 Jul-Sep or Nov Unlikely Eucalypt woodland. Rises. Synaphea petiolaris P3 Three populations in forest of Jarrah/Marri on clay sand. Sandy soils. 1997 Sep-Oct May subsp. simplex Flats, winter-wet areas. Thysanotus isantherus P4 One record from hillside on dry ironstone gravel. 2005 Nov-Dec Unlikely Verticordia lehmannii P4 Three records from winter wet swamps, sandy clay to clay. 1986 Jan or Apr-Jun or Likely Aug-Dec Verticordia plumosa var. EPBC Act: E White/grey sand. Winter-wet flats. NA Sep-Feb May vassensis WC Act: EN

Appendix B

Desktop Fauna Results

Appendix B Desktop Fauna Results

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Birds Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper Marine / Marine/Migratory A small sandpiper of 19–21 cm in length with a wingspan of 32–35 cm. May occur Migratory Found along all coastlines of Australia and in many areas inland, the Common Sandpiper is widespread in small numbers. The Common Sandpiper mainly breeds in parts of Europe and Asia, and occasionally Africa. The species utilises a wide range of coastal wetlands and some inland wetlands, with varying levels of salinity, and is mostly found around muddy margins or rocky shores and rarely on mudflats (Higgins & Davies, 1996).

Ardea modesta Great Egret Marine IA The Great Egret is a moderately large bird with white plumage, a May occur black or yellow bill and long reddish and black legs. Eastern Great Egrets are widespread in Australia and utilise a wide range of wetland habitats (Higgins & Davies, 1996).

Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Marine / - The Sharp-tailed Sandpiper is a small-medium wader. The Sharp- May occur Sandpiper Migratory tailed Sandpiper spends the non-breeding season in Australia. In Australasia, the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper prefers muddy edges of shallow fresh or brackish wetlands, with inundated or emergent sedges, grass, saltmarsh or other low vegetation (Higgins & Davies, 1996).

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Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Calidris canotus Red Knot E / Marine / VU The species is robust, short-necked, rather dumpy but long bodied May occur Migratory wader with a short straight bill, long wings extending beyond the tail and short legs. The Red Knot is common in all the main suitable habitats around the coast of Australia (Watkins, 1993), but is less numerous in south-west Australia. In Australasia the Red Knot mainly inhabit intertidal mudflats, sandflats and sandy beaches of sheltered coasts, in estuaries, bays, inlets, lagoons and harbours; sometimes on sandy ocean beaches or shallow pools on exposed wave-cut rock platforms or coral reefs. They are occasionally seen on terrestrial saline wetlands near the coast, such as lakes, lagoons, pools and pans, and recorded on sewage ponds and saltworks, but rarely use freshwater swamps. They rarely use inland lakes or swamps (Higgins & Davies, 1996). Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper CE / Marine / VU The Curlew Sandpiper is a small, slim sandpiper 18–23 cm long and May occur Migratory weighing 57 g, with a wingspan of 38–41 cm. The legs and neck are long. The bill is also long, and is decurved with a slender tip. The bill is black, sometimes with a brown or green tinge at the base. The head is small and round, and the iris is dark brown. In Western Australia, they are widespread around coastal and subcoastal plains from Cape Arid to south-west Kimberley Division, but are more sparsely distributed between Carnarvon and Dampier Archipelago (DoEE, 2017). Curlew Sandpipers mainly occur on intertidal mudflats in sheltered coastal areas, such as estuaries, bays, inlets and lagoons, and also around non-tidal swamps, lakes and lagoons near the coast, and ponds in saltworks and sewage farms. They are also recorded inland, though less often, including around ephemeral and permanent lakes, dams, waterholes and bore drains, usually with bare edges of mud or sand. They occur in both fresh and brackish waters. Occasionally they are recorded around floodwaters (Higgins & Davies 1996).

WC Species Common Name EPBC Act Habitat Likelihood Act Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint Marine / IA The Red-necked Stint is a small Calidridinae approximately 13–16 May occur Migratory cm in length and is the smallest shorebird in Australia (Geering et al. 2007).The Red-necked Stint breeds in Siberia and sporadically in Alaska. In Australasia, the Red-necked Stint is mostly found in various saline and freshwater habitats in coastal areas (Higgins & Davies, 1996). Calidris subminuta Long-toed Stint Marine / - The Long-toed Stint is a very small sandpiper and member of the May occur Migratory Calidridinae family. In Western Australia the species is found mainly along the coast, with a few scattered inland records. In Australia, the Long-toed Stint occurs in a variety of terrestrial wetlands. They prefer shallow freshwater or brackish wetlands including lakes, swamps, river floodplains, streams, lagoons and sewage ponds (Higgins & Davies, 1996). Calyptorhynchus banksii Forest Red-tailed V VU The Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo is 55-60 cm in length and May occur naso Black Cockatoo 570-870 g in weight (Higgins, 1999). Males and females are mostly glossy black with a pair of black central tail feathers, a crest, robust bill and bright red, orange or yellow barring in the tail (Higgins, 1999). The Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo is endemic to south-west Western Australia. The Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo is most common in the jarrah forest region of the northern Darling Range from about Collie north to Mundaring and is very local throughout the lower south-west (Garnett et al., 2011). The Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo was formerly common, but is now rare to uncommon and patchily distributed (Johnstone et al., 2013a). The Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo inhabits the dense jarrah, karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) and marri forests receiving more than 600 mm average rainfall annually (Chapman, 2008).

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Calyptorhynchus baudinii Baudin's Cockatoo V EN May occur Baudin's Cockatoo is a large cockatoo that measures 50–57 cm in length, with a wingspan of approximately 110 cm, and a mass of 560–770 g. It is mostly dull black in colour, with pale whitish margins on the feathers, large, rounded patches (white to yellowish-white in the female and dusky-white to brownish-white in the male) on the ear coverts, and rectangular white panels in the tail. It has a large bill (with a very elongated upper mandible) that is coloured black in the male and whitish-grey with a black tip in the female; a dark brown iris that is surrounded by a reddish-pink eye-ring in the male and a grey eye-ring in the female; a short, rounded, erectile crest; and grey feet (Higgins 1999; Johnstone & Storr 1998). Baudin's Cockatoo occurs in south-west Western Australia extends from Albany northward to Gidgegannup and Mundaring (east of Perth), and inland to the Stirling Ranges and near Kojonup. Baudin's Cockatoo mainly occurs in eucalypt forests, especially jarrah, marri and karri forest (DoEE, 2017). Calyptorhynchus latirostris Carnaby's Cockatoo E EN Carnaby's Cockatoo is a large cockatoo 53 to 58 cm in length, with May occur a wingspan of approximately 110 cm, and a mass of 520 to 790 g. It is mostly brownish-black or greyish-black in colour with narrow off- white margins on the feathers; a large patch over the ear coverts that is off-white or cream to brownish-white in males and yellowish- white (and slightly larger) in females; and broad white panels in the tail. Carnaby's Cockatoo is endemic to, and widespread in, the south- west of Western Australia. It occurs from the wheatbelt across to wetter regions in the extreme south-west, including the Swan Coastal Plain and the southern coast.Carnaby's Cockatoo occurs in uncleared or remnant native eucalypt woodlands, especially those that contain salmon gum and wandoo, and in shrubland or kwongan heathland dominated by hakea, dryandra, banksia and grevillea species (DoEE, 2017).

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Charadrius Greater Sand V / Marine / IA (& VU at The Greater Sand Plover is a medium-sized brown-and-white May occur leschenaultii Plover Migratory subsp. level) plover. In Australia, the Greater Sand Plover occurs in coastal areas in all states, though the greatest numbers occur in northern Australia, especially the north-west. The species does not breed in Australia. The species is almost entirely coastal, inhabiting littoral and estuarine habitats (Marchant & Higgins, 1993). Pandion haliaetus Osprey Marine / - The Osprey is a medium-sized raptor with its breeding range May occur Migratory extending around the northern coast of Australia from Albany in WA to Lake Macquarie in NSW. Ospreys occur in littoral and coastal habitats and terrestrial wetlands (Marchant & Higgins, 1993). Tringa nebularia Common Marine / IA The Common Greenshank is a heavily built, elegant wader which May occur Greenshank Migratory does not breed in Australia. The species occurs in all types of wetlands and has the widest distribution of any shorebird in Australia (Higgins & Davies, 1996). Invertebrates Engaewa reducta Dunsborough CE EN The Dunsborough Burrowing Crayfish is a small burrowing crayfish May Occur Burrowing Crayfish up to 50 mm in length, and is endemic to south-west Western Australia (DoEE, 2017). Tributaries that it occurs in include the headwater seepage/swamp areas of drainage systems that flow north into the Carbunup River, Mary Brook and Station Gully, or directly into Geographe Bay (DEC, 2008). It occupies a wide range of habitats, though generally with sandy soils (Burnham, 2014) and an accessible watertable (TSSC, 2009). In the north of its range (between Dunsborough and the Margaret River) the species primarily occurs in sandy (sometimes with organic content), deep draining soils in relatively narrow drainages, where they dig expansive burrow systems and produce large sandy chimneys (Burnham, 2014). Collections have been made in vegetated seepages, swamp plains and swampy headwaters of streams (TSSC, 2009). The vegetation in these habitats is generally open with little to no tree canopy; however, they may also be present in tea-tree swamps in the far north of their range (Burnham, 2014).

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Pachysaga strobila Cricket - P1 Vasse Pachysaga is a member of the subfamily Austrosaginae. It is May Occur mostly confined to the southern half of the continent in heath or mixed woodland, near Vasse in WA. Westralunio carteri Carter's Freshwater - VU This freshwater mussel shells are brown to brick red and sometimes May Occur Mussel almost black, usually with conspicuous erosion on umbo region with remainder of shell covered by periostracum with concentric lines. Adult shells are distinct from other species by the presence of robustly serrated cardinal teeth, which are lacking or greatly reduced in other Velesunioninae. The species is usually found clustered in colonies. The species is patchily distributed in sandy/muddy sediments of freshwater lakes, rivers and streams with greatest densities associated with exposed submerged tree roots of flooded gums (Eucalyptus rudis), Melaleuca sp. and others, woody debris and overhanging riparian vegetation near stream banks and edges of lakes/dams. Fish Nannatherina balstoni Balston's Pygmy V VU Balston's Pygmy Perch is a small freshwater fish that grows to a May Occur Perch maximum length of around 90 mm (commonly 60 mm). The species' distribution is fragmented, but historically had a distribution that ranged from Moore River in the north, to Two Peoples Bay (Goodga River near Albany in the south, and the Collie River to the east (Allen et al., 2002). Mammals Dasyurus geoffroii Chuditch V VU Chuditch use a range of habitats including forest, mallee May Occur shrublands, woodland and desert. The most dense populations have been found in riparian jarrah forest. Chuditch require adequate numbers of suitable den and refuge sites (horizontal hollow logs or earth burrows) and sufficient prey biomass (large invertebrates, reptiles and small mammals) to survive. Hydromys Water-rat - P4 The Water Rat is a large native rodent highly adapted to an aquatic May Occur chrysogaster lifestyle, with partial webbing between the three central toes of its hind feet to aid in swimming.The tail is long, thick and muscular with a characteristic white end tip. The Water Rat is widely distributed around Australia. The Water Rat occupy habitats in the vicinity of permanent water, be this fresh, brackish or marine (DEC, 2012b).

Species Common Name EPBC Act WC Act Habitat Likelihood Isoodon obesulus Quenda - P4 The Quenda or Southern Brown Bandicoot exists only in a Likely fusciventer fragmented distribution to its former range in southern south western and eastern Australia. It is found in forest, woodland, heath and shrub communities in these regions. Preferred habitat usually consists of a combination of sandy soils and dense heathy vegetation (Van Dyck & Strahan, 2008). Macropus irma Western Brush P4 This wallaby is pale to mid grey with distinct white facial stripe, black Likely Wallaby and white ears, black hands and feet.The Western Brush Wallaby is now distributed across the south-west of Western Australia from north of Kalbarri to Cape Arid, predominantly utilising open forest or woodland, particularly favouring open, seasonally-wet flats with low grasses and open scrubby thickets (DEC, 2012c). Phascogale tapoatafa South-western CD This species is a small, strongly arboreal dasyurid, grizzled grey May occur wambenger Brush-tailed above and cream to white below with large naked ears and a Phascogale conspicuous black ‘bottle-brush’ tail. In Western Australia the Brush- tailed Phascogale is now known to occur in the south west between Perth and Albany. It occurs at low densities in the northern Jarrah forest. Highest densities occur in the Perup/Kingston area, Collie River valley, and near Margaret River and Busselton (DEC, 2012d). Pseudocheirus Western Ringtail V CE Pseudocheirus occidentalis is one of only two medium-sized Likely occidentalis Possum arboreal marsupials from the south-west of Western Australia. The current distribution of the western ringtail possum is patchy and

largely restricted to the moister south-western corner of Western Australia (de Tores, 2008), especially near coastal areas of peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) woodland and peppermint/tuart associations (DEC, 2012a).

Appendix C

Flora Species List

Appendix C Species by Site Matrix Note: * denotes weed species

Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Opportunistic

Acacia cochlearis X

Acacia cyclops X

Acacia littorea X

Agonis flexuosa X X X X X X X

*Allium triquetrum X

Alternanthera denticulata X

*Anthoxanthum odoratum X X

*Arctotheca calendula X

*Asparagus asparagoides X

Banksia littoralis X

Baumea juncea X X X

Baumea vaginalis X X

Billardiera ?fusiformis X

*Briza maxima X X X

*Briza minor X

*Bromus diandrus X X X

Callistachys lanceolata X X X X

*Carduus pycnocephalus X

Centella asiatica X X

*Cotula coronopifolia X X

*Cynodon dactylon X X X X X X

Cyperaceae sp. X

*Ehrharta erecta X

*Ehrharta longiflora X

Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) X X X X X

Ficinia nodosa X

*Ficus carica X

*Fumaria capreolata X

Gahnia trifida X X X

Hardenbergia comptoniana X X

Hibbertia cuneiformis X X

*Holcus setiger X

Hypolaena exsulca X X

Isolepis cernua var. setiformis X

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Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Opportunistic

*Isolepis prolifera X X

Juncus kraussii X X

*Lagurus ovatus X X

Lepidosperma gladiatum X X X X X

Leptocarpus roycei X X

Leucopogon parviflorus X

Liparophyllum violifolium X

*Lotus angustissimus X

*Medicago polymorpha X

Melaleuca rhaphiophylla X X X X

Mimosa sp. X

*Pelargonium capitatum X X

*Petrorhagia dubia X X X

Philotheca spicata X

Pimelea argentea X

Poa porphyroclados X

Pteridium esculentum X X X X

*Ranunculus muricatus X

Rhagodia baccata X X X X

*Romulea rosea X

*Rumex pulcher X X

*Sherardia arvensis X

Sida hookeriana X X X

Sonchus hydrophilus X X X X

Spyridium globulosum X X X X X

Tecticornia leptoclada subsp. Inclusa X

*Trifolium campestre X X X X

*Trifolium dubium X X X

Trymalium odoratissimum subsp. trifidum X X

*Vicia sativa X X X

*Zantedeschia aethiopica X X X X X

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Appendix D

Qualitative Quadrat Data

Appendix D Quadrat Data

Site: LW001 Date: 18/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Quadrat Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting: 333608.8 GPS Northing: 6273677.9 Topography: River bank Bare ground: 2% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Very Good Notes: North of weir in best condition vegetation Degradation: Weeds Fire: <5 yrs

No photo

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Upper Agonis flexuosa 5 30 Low Baumea juncea 0.4 0.1 Low Callistachys lanceolata 0.1 0.1 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.3 2 Low Cyperaceae sp. 0.8 0.1 Upper Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) 9 20 Low Hardenbergia comptoniana 0.3 0.5 Low Mimosa sp. 0.2 0.1 Mid Philotheca spicata 0.6 2 Mid Pteridium esculentum 1.8 0.3 Mid Rhagodia baccata 1.5 0.1 Low *Romulea rosea 0.1 0.1 Low *Sherardia arvensis 0.1 0.1 Low Sida hookeriana 0.1 0.1 Low Sonchus hydrophilus 0.3 0.1 Mid Spyridium globulosum 2.2 0.3 Low *Trifolium campestre 0.1 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

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Site: LW002 Date: 18/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Quadrat Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting 333798.8 GPS Northing 6273344.0 Topography: River bank Bare ground: 5% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Good Notes: Degradation: Weeds Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Upper Agonis flexuosa 5 3 Low Alternanthera denticulata 0.05 0.1 Mid Baumea vaginalis 1.5 5 Mid *Carduus pycnocephalus 0.6 0.1 Low Centella asiatica 0.2 1 Low *Cotula coronopifolia 0.05 0.1 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.2 0.1 Low *Holcus setiger 0.5 0.3 Low Isolepis cernua var. setiformis 0.05 0.1 Low *Isolepis prolifera 0.4 0.1 Mid Juncus kraussii 0.8 0.3 Mid Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.8 25 Low Liparophyllum violifolium 0.05 0.1 Upper Melaleuca rhaphiophylla 7 40 Low *Petrorhagia dubia 0.1 0.1 Low *Ranunculus muricatus 0.05 0.1 Low Rhagodia baccata 0.3 0.1 Low Sonchus hydrophilus 0.3 0.1 Low *Trifolium campestre 0.1 0.3 Low *Vicia sativa 0.2 0.1 Mid *Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.8 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW003 Date: 18/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Quadrat Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting: 333647.0 GPS Northing: 6273379.7 Topography: Lower slope Bare ground: <2% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Good Notes: Degradation: Weeds Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Tall Agonis flexuosa 8 40 Low *Briza maxima 0.4 0.3 Tall Callistachys lanceolata 3 5 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.3 0.5 Low *Ehrharta erecta 0.4 0.1 Tall Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) 8 15 Low Hardenbergia comptoniana 0.4 0.1 Mid Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.2 3 Low Poa porphyroclados 0.4 0.1 Mid Pteridium esculentum 0.8 7 Mid Rhagodia baccata 0.8 1 Low Sonchus hydrophilus 0.2 0.1 Low *Vicia sativa 0.3 0.1 Low *Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.5 3 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW004 Date: 18/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Quadrat Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting: 333653.0 GPS Northing: 6273846.4 Topography: Lower slope Bare ground: 5% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Good Notes: Degradation: Weeds, livestock Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Tall Agonis flexuosa 7 25 Low *Anthoxanthum odoratum 0.2 0.1 Mid Baumea vaginalis 1.8 5 Tall Callistachys lanceolata 2.2 2 Low Centella asiatica 0.1 0.1 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.2 0.1 Tall Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) 10 15 Tall *Ficus carica 3 0.3 Low *Isolepis prolifera 0.1 0.1 Low Juncus kraussii 0.5 0.3 Mid Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.2 3 Tall Melaleuca rhaphiophylla 7 5 Mid Pteridium esculentum 1.2 3 Low Rhagodia baccata 0.5 0.1 Mid Spyridium globulosum 1.5 0.3 Tall Trymalium odoratissimum subsp. trifidum 3 0.3 Low *Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.5 3 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW005 Date: 18/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Relevé Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting: 333579.2 GPS Northing: 6273974.5 Topography: Lower slope Bare ground: 5% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Very good Notes: Degradation: Weeds Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Tall Agonis flexuosa 6 20 Low *Asparagus asparagoides 0.2 0.1 Mid Baumea juncea 1.2 2 Mid Billardiera ?fusiformis 1.5 0.1 Low *Briza maxima 0.2 0.1 Tall Callistachys lanceolata 3 0.3 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.2 0.1 Tall Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) 10 30 Low Ficinia nodosa 0.4 2 Mid Gahnia trifida 1 0.3 Mid Hypolaena exsulca 0.8 0.1 Mid Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.2 2 Mid Leptocarpus roycei 1 0.3 Low Leucopogon parviflorus 0.5 0.1 Tall Melaleuca rhaphiophylla 6 2 Mid Pteridium esculentum 1 0.5 Low *Rumex pulcher 0.1 0.1 Mid Spyridium globulosum 2 0.1 Low *Trifolium campestre 0.1 0.1 Mid Trymalium odoratissimum subsp. trifidum 1 0.1 Mid *Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.7 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW006 Date: 19/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Relevé Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS Easting: 333578.3 GPS Northing: 6274046.5 Topography: River bank Bare ground: <2% Soil type: Clay loam Soil colour: Dark brown Soil Condition: Moist Condition: Good Notes: Degradation: Weeds Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Low *Anthoxanthum odoratum 0.1 0.1 Low *Briza maxima 0.1 0.1 Low *Briza minor 0.05 0.1 Low *Bromus diandrus 0.2 0.1 Low *Cynodon dactylon 0.05 0.1 Low *Ehrharta longiflora 0.2 0.1 Tall Eucalyptus rudis subsp. ?cratyantha (P4) 8 7 Mid Gahnia trifida 1.2 20 Mid Hypolaena exsulca 0.7 0.3 Mid Leptocarpus roycei 0.7 2 Low *Lotus angustissimus 0.05 0.1 Tall Melaleuca rhaphiophylla 6 40 Low Sida hookeriana 0.05 0.1 Low Sonchus hydrophilus 0.5 0.1 Mid Spyridium globulosum 0.7 0.1 Low Tecticornia leptoclada subsp. inclusa 0.1 0.1 Low *Trifolium dubium 0.05 0.1 Low *Vicia sativa 0.3 0.1 Low *Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.5 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW007 Date: 19/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Relevé Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS 333574.9 GPS 6274485.6 Easting: Northing: Topography: River bank Bare ground: % Soil type: Sandy loam Soil colour: Medium brown Soil Dry Condition: Condition: Degraded Notes: Degradation: Weeds, livestock Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Mid Acacia cyclops 1.8 0.3 Low Agonis flexuosa 0.05 0.1 Tall Banksia littoralis 5 0.1 Low Baumea juncea 0.5 2 Low *Bromus diandrus 0.4 7 Mid Gahnia trifida 1 3 Mid Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.8 5 Low *Lagurus ovatus 0.1 2 Low *Medicago polymorpha 0.05 0.1 Low *Pelargonium capitatum 0.2 0.1 Low *Petrorhagia dubia 0.1 0.1 Mid Pimelea argentea 1 1 Low *Rumex pulcher 0.1 0.1 Low *Trifolium campestre 0.05 0.1 Low *Trifolium dubium 0.05 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

Site: LW008 Date: 19/10/17 Recorder: CKrens Type: Relevé Dimensions: 10x10m GPS Zone: 50 GPS 333561.6 GPS 6274786.8 Easting: Northing: Topography: River bank Bare ground: Soil type: Sand Soil colour: Medium brown Soil Dry Condition: Condition: Good Notes: Degradation: Fire: 5-20 yrs

Strata Taxon Height (m) Cover (%) Mid Acacia cochlearis 2.5 0.1 Mid Acacia littorea 2 2 Tall Agonis flexuosa 4 0.5 Low *Arctotheca calendula 0.1 0.1 Low *Bromus diandrus 0.3 3 Low *Cotula coronopifolia 0.05 0.1 Mid Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.5 5 Low *Lagurus ovatus 0.1 0.1 Mid Lepidosperma gladiatum 1 5 Low *Pelargonium capitatum 0.2 0.2 Low *Petrorhagia dubia 0.2 0.1 Low Sida hookeriana 0.1 0.1 Mid Spyridium globulosum 2 0.1 Low Trifolium dubium 0.05 0.1 * Denotes an introduced (weed) species

\\AUPER1FP001.AU.AECOMNET.COM\Projects\605X\60552121\6. Draft Docs\6.1 Reports\Appendix D Quadrat Data revB.docx Revision A – 17-Nov-2017 Prepared for – Water Corporation – ABN: 28 003 434 917 AECOM Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey E Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey

Appendix E

Black Cockatoo Potential Breeding Trees

Appendix E Black Cockatoo Potential Breeding Trees No. of Tree DBH No. of Potentially ID Latitude Longitude Species Height (cm) Hollows Suitable (m) Hollows 1621 385919 7378421 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 100 0 - 1622 333646 6273558 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 110 0 - 1623 333633 6273546 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 80 0 - 1624 333632 6273543 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 34 120 0 - 1625 333643 6273502 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 70 0 - 1626 333641 6273481 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 34 80 0 - 1627 333637 6273457 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 34 50 0 - 1628 333648 6273447 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 2 * 600 0 - 1629 333638 6273431 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 70 0 - 1630 333631 6273352 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 35 60 0 - 1631 333627 6273342 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 35 60 0 - 4 * 600 1639 333640 6273590 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 35 0 - 1 * 700 1640 333618 6273622 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 24 140 0 - 1641 333623 6273624 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 27 70 0 - 1642 333617 6273626 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 120 0 - 1643 333576 6273669 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 80 0 - 1644 333579 6273643 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 90 0 - 1645 333585 6273638 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 60 0 - 1646 333582 6273637 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 60 0 - 1647 333640 6273643 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 60 0 - 1648 333669 6273619 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 18 50 0 - 1649 333700 6273561 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 80 0 - 1650 333704 6273555 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 16 50 0 - 1651 333708 6273553 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 22 60 0 - 1655 333787 6273404 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 60 0 - 1656 333787 6273396 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 200 0 - 1657 333787 6273388 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 34 120 0 - 1658 333796 6273371 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 6 * 600 0 - 1659 333799 6273312 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 80 0 - 1661 333799 6273298 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 50 0 - 1662 333634 6273678 Dead 36 110 2 1 1663 333643 6273673 Dead 35 110 1 1 1664 333657 6273660 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 34 100 0 - 1665 333655 6273678 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 100 0 - 1666 333668 6273695 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 100 0 - 1667 333670 6273700 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 100 0 - 1668 333672 6273694 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 90 0 -

\\AUPER1FP001.AU.AECOMNET.COM\Projects\605X\60552121\6. Draft Docs\6.1 Reports\Appendix E Black Cockatoo Potential Breeding Trees.docx Revision A – 17-Nov-2017 Prepared for – Water Corporation – ABN: 28 003 434 917 Lennox Weir Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Survey 2

No. of Tree DBH No. of Potentially ID Latitude Longitude Species Height (cm) Hollows Suitable (m) Hollows 1669 333664 6273709 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 100 0 - 1670 333662 6273712 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 120 0 - 1671 333687 6273718 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 70 0 - 1672 333689 6273738 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 100 0 - 1673 333698 6273744 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 50 0 - 1674 333700 6273746 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 26 50 0 - 1675 333679 6273745 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 70 0 - 1676 333674 6273744 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 36 220 1 1 1677 333691 6273755 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 70 0 - 1678 333694 6273758 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 90 1 1 1679 333688 6273769 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 90 1 - 1680 333691 6273772 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 70 0 - 1681 333693 6273776 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 70 0 - 1682 333689 6273776 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 32 80 0 - 1683 333708 6273767 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 20 60 0 - 1684 333704 6273696 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 50 0 - 1685 333684 6273672 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 80 0 - 1686 333662 6273648 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 26 2 * 700 0 - 1700 333574 6273966 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 20 50 0 - 1701 333577 6273883 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 20 60 1 - 1702 333580 6273879 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 26 120 0 - 1703 333576 6273833 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 100 0 - 1704 333572 6273792 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 50 0 - 1705 333587 6273774 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 25 80 0 - 1706 333590 6273754 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 110 0 - 1707 333591 6273739 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 28 90 0 - 1708 333606 6273724 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 100 0 - 1709 333622 6273702 Eucalyptus rudis (Flooded Gum) 30 2 * 500 0 - *Several trees pertained multiple trunks, presented in the table as: x (no of trunks) * y (DBH)