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UNODC Multi-Country Study on Trafficking in Persons and Smuggling of Migrants from Nepal
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Regional Office for SouthAsia September 2019 Copyright © UNODC 2019 Disclaimer: The designations employed and the contents of this publication, do not imply the expression or endorsement of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNODC concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. EP 16/17, Chandragupta Marg, Chanakyapuri New Delhi - 110021, India Tel: +91 11 24104964/66/68 Website: www.unodc. org/southasia/ Follow UNODC South Asia on: This is an internal UNODC document, which is not meant for wider public distribution and is a component of ongoing, expert research undertaken by the UNODC under the GLO.ACT project. The objective of this study is to identify pressing needs and offer strategic solutions to support the Government of Nepal and its law enforcement agencies in areas covered by UNODC mandates, particularly the smuggling of migrants. This report has not been formally edited, and its contents do not necessarily reflect or imply endorsement of the views or policies of the UNODC or any contributory organizations. In addition, the designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply any particular opinion whatsoever regarding the legal status of any country, territory, municipality or its authorities, or the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The boundaries and names shown, and the designations used in all the maps in this report, do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations and the UNODC. TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 ABBREVIATIONS 4 KEY TERMS USED IN THE REPORT AND THEIR DEFINITIONS/MEANINGS 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 1. -
ICAO Air Services Negotiation Event (ICAN 2015)
ICAO Air Services Negotiation Event (ICAN 2015) Hosted by Directorate General of Civil Aviation of Turkey Antalya, Turkey, 19- 23 October 2015 VISA INFORMATION (please visit: http://www.mfa.gov.tr/consular-info.en.mfa for up to date information) • The Electronic Visa (e-Visa) Application System was launched on 17 April 2013 by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey. This system allows visitors travelling to Turkey to easily obtain their e-Visas online (www.evisa.gov.tr), in approximately three minutes. It is possible to obtain e-Visa 7/24 at everywhere with internet connection. The applicants can obtain their visa after they fill in the necessary information concerning their identity, passport and travel dates and pay visa fee online. • Please note that e-visa is only valid when the purpose of travel is tourism or commerce. For other purposes, such as work and study, visas are given by Turkish Embassies or Consulates. • The term "official passports" covers diplomatic, service, special and official passports. You are kindly advised to have a travel document/passport valid for at least 6 months as from the date of your arrival in Turkey. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs continues efforts to strengthen the e-Visa system and to better enable foreign nationals to easily obtain their visas. In this context, - In addition to English, French, and Spanish; Dutch, Norwegian, Polish, German, Arabic and Chinese language options will be added to the e-Visa system. - In addition to Visa and Master Card, payment is accepted from other commonly used credit cards and debit cards. -
February 2021 Bi RELIEF from REMOVAL Table of Contents ASYLUM, WITHHOLDING of REMOVAL and the CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE
RELIEF FROM REMOVAL Table of Contents ASYLUM, WITHHOLDING OF REMOVAL and the CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE .................................................................................................................1 I. THE CONTEXT ..............................................................................................1 II. ASYLUM ........................................................................................................3 A. Burden of Proof .....................................................................................3 B. Defining Persecution .............................................................................5 1. Cumulative Effect of Harms ....................................................... 6 2. No Subjective Intent to Harm Required ..................................... 7 3. Forms of Persecution .................................................................. 7 a. Physical Violence ............................................................. 7 (i) Physical Violence Sufficient to Constitute Persecution ............................................................. 9 (ii) Physical Violence Insufficient to Constitute Persecution ...........................................................11 b. Torture ............................................................................11 c. Threats ............................................................................12 (i) Cases Holding Threats Establish Persecution ......12 (ii) Cases Holding Threats Not Persecution ...............14 d. Detention -
Tibet's Stateless Nationals: Tibetan Refugees in Nepal
About 3,000 Tibetans flee Tibet through Nepal anually, and approximately 20,000 reside in settlements scattered throughout Nepal. Tibet’s Stateless Nationals: Tibetan Refugees in Nepal appraises the current status and cir- cumstances of Tibetan refugees in Nepal. Tibetans residing in Nepal and their descendants live in legal limbo; they are not recognized as refugees or given any definable legal status. Their future is increasingly insecure in a country that reluctantly acknowledges, but refuses to accept, their presence. They and their children, born in Nepal and entitled under international law to acquire a nationality, remain stateless. Newly arriving refugees face increased harassment and risks of being returned to Tibet. By providing detailed information on these topics, Tibet Justice Center hopes to clarify the circumstances for Tibetan refugees in Nepal and to suggest politically feasible means to improve them. The circumstances highlighted by this report reveal a pressing need for governments, UNHCR, and the interna- tional community to reexamine the current informal arrangement regard- ing the status and treatment of Tibetan refugees in host countries, and to work to provide them with a more durable solution. For further information and copies of this report, please contact our office: Tibet Justice Center 2288 Fulton Street, Suite 312 Berkeley, California 94704, USA [email protected] tel: 510-486-0588 fax: 510-548-3785 Tibet’s Stateless Nationals: Please visit our website at www.tibetjustice.org Tibetan Refugees in Nepal Cover photo: Three children begin the long journey to the Tibet-Nepal border. ©Nancy Jo Johnson Cover and book design: Charles MacNulty ISBN 0-9709950-1-6 Tibet’s Stateless Nationals: Tibetan Refugees in Nepal June 2002 © June 2002 by Tibet Justice Center All rights reserved. -
Eligibility Reference Guide
Eligibility Reference Guide Amendments Page(s) Date of change Updated by Tattoo Policy 13-15 31/08/2014 ||| || ||||||||||||||| Reference Policy 6 13/10/2014 ||| || ||||||||||||||| Reserve Age Changes 7-9 01/12/2014 ||| || ||||||||||||||| Body Piercing Policy 15 23/02/2015 ||| || ||||||||||||||| Education Certificates 11 10/04/2015 ||| || ||||||||||||||| June 2014 1 This document is not intended to replace Recruiting Group Instructions or Recruiting Group Guidelines held at the following link in Moss, but is intended to make the day to day Eligibility Questions easier to resolve and increase the knowledge and experience of candidate eligibility for all staff who work in Army Recruiting. It should also ensure that candidates do not get to the end of the process before a potential eligibility show stopper is discovered leading to a Phase 1 Stand Down. It should be referred to for all candidate types. Any variance in policy is clearly annotated i.e. by Regular or Reserve, Officer or Soldier. If not specified, the policy is the same for all candidate types. It should be noted that the policy for Crime, Tattoos etc is rigidly applied for Officer entry, where the role requires the individual to lead by example. http://cui1-uk.diif.r.mil.uk/r/542/KnowledgeBase/default.aspx The Link to the ARTD Policy site is as follows: http://cui1-uk.diif.r.mil.uk/r/354/RGI/default.aspx At FOC, there will be a ‘Recruiters Portal’ for CSMs and other NRC staff to access the Knowledge Base to consult NRC instructions, but the current information on Moss isn’t as easy to navigate as we would like.