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Easy Slackware
1 Создание легкой системы на базе Slackware I - Введение Slackware пользуется заслуженной популярностью как классический linux дистрибутив, и поговорка "кто знает Red Hat тот знает только Red Hat, кто знает Slackware тот знает linux" несмотря на явный снобизм поклонников "бога Патре га" все же имеет под собой основания. Одним из преимуществ Slackware является возможность простого создания на ее основе практически любой системы, в том числе быстрой и легкой десктопной, о чем далее и пойдет речь. Есть дис трибутивы, клоны Slackware, созданные именно с этой целью, типа Аbsolute, но все же лучше создавать систему под себя, с максимальным учетом именно своих потребностей, и Slackware пожалуй как никакой другой дистрибутив подходит именно для этой цели. Легкость и быстрота системы определяется выбором WM (DM) , набором программ и оптимизацией программ и системы в целом. Первое исключает KDE, Gnome, даже новые версии XFCЕ, остается разве что LXDE, но набор программ в нем совершенно не устраивает. Оптимизация наиболее часто используемых про грамм и нескольких базовых системных пакетов осуществляется их сборкой из сорцов компилятором, оптимизированным именно под Ваш комп, причем каж дая программа конфигурируется исходя из Ваших потребностей к ее возможно стям. Оптимизация системы в целом осуществляется ее настройкой согласно спе цифическим требованиям к десктопу. Такой подход был выбран по банальной причине, возиться с gentoo нет ни какого желания, комп все таки создан для того чтобы им пользоваться, а не для компиляции программ, в тоже время у каждого есть минимальный набор из не большого количества наиболее часто используемых программ, на которые стоит потратить некоторое, не такое уж большое, время, чтобы довести их до ума. Кро ме того, такой подход позволяет иметь самые свежие версии наиболее часто ис пользуемых программ. -
Linux at 25 PETERHISTORY H
Linux at 25 PETERHISTORY H. SALUS Peter H. Salus is the author of A n June 1991, at the USENIX conference in Nashville, BSD NET-2 was Quarter Century of UNIX (1994), announced. Two months later, on August 25, Linus Torvalds announced Casting the Net (1995), and The his new operating system on comp.os.minix. Today, Android, Google’s Daemon, the Gnu and the Penguin I (2008). [email protected] version of Linux, is used on over two billion smartphones and other appli- ances. In this article, I provide some history about the early years of Linux. Linus was born into the Swedish minority of Finland (about 5% of the five million Finns). He was a “math guy” throughout his schooling. Early on, he “inherited” a Commodore VIC- 20 (released in June 1980) from his grandfather; in 1987 he spent his savings on a Sinclair QL (released in January 1984, the “Quantum Leap,” with a Motorola 68008 running at 7.5 MHz and 128 kB of RAM, was intended for small businesses and the serious hobbyist). It ran Q-DOS, and it was what got Linus involved: One of the things I hated about the QL was that it had a read-only operating system. You couldn’t change things ... I bought a new assembler ... and an editor.... Both ... worked fine, but they were on the microdrives and couldn’t be put on the EEPROM. So I wrote my own editor and assembler and used them for all my programming. Both were written in assembly language, which is incredibly stupid by today’s standards. -
Slackware Linux Basics for Slackware Linux 12.0
Slackware Linux Basics For Slackware Linux 12.0 Daniël de Kok Slackware Linux Basics: For Slackware Linux 12.0 by Daniël de Kok Published Sun Jan 20 19:45:13 CET 2008 Copyright © 2002-2008 Daniël de Kok License Redistribution and use in textual and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of this book must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this book without specific prior written permission. THIS BOOK IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS BOOK, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Slackware Linux is a registered trademark of Patrick Volkerding and Slackware Linux, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Table of Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................................... xiii I. Getting started ................................................................................................................................ 1 1. About this book ..................................................................................................................... -
Informática Básica
Escola Estadual de Educação Profissional - EEEP Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional Curso Técnico Informática Básica Governador Cid Ferreira Gomes Vice Governador Domingos Gomes de Aguiar Filho Secretária da Educação Maria Izolda Cela de Arruda Coelho Secretário Adjunto Maurício Holanda Maia Secretário Executivo Antônio Idilvan de Lima Alencar Assessora Institucional do Gabinete da Seduc Cristiane Carvalho Holanda Coordenadora da Educação Profissional – SEDUC Andréa Araújo Rocha CURSO TÉCNICO PROFISSIONALIZANTE INFORMÁTICA BÁSICA JANEIRO / 2011 FORTALEZA/CEARÁ ESCOLA ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL | INFORMÁTICA BÁSICA P á g i n a | 1 CURSO TÉCNICO PROFISSIONALIZANTE SECRETARIA DE EDUCAÇÃO DO CEARÁ Consultor Técnico Pedagógico Renanh Gonçalves de Araújo Equipe de Elaboração Evandilce do Carmo Pereira João Paulo de Oliveira Lima Juliana Maria Jales Barbosa Liane Coe Girão Cartaxo Moribe Gomes de Alcântara Renanh Gonçalves de Araújo Valbert Oliveira Costa Colaboradores Maria Danielle Araújo Mota Júlio César Cavalcante Bezerra FORTALEZA 2012 ESCOLA ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL | INFORMÁTICA BÁSICA CURSO TÉCNICO PROFISSIONALIZANTE Sumário Apresentação .................................................................................................................................................. 9 Objetivos de Aprendizagem ......................................................................................................................... 10 MÓDULO 01 - O QUE É UM COMPUTADOR?História e Evolução da Informática ............................. -
Praise for the Official Ubuntu Book
Praise for The Official Ubuntu Book “The Official Ubuntu Book is a great way to get you started with Ubuntu, giving you enough information to be productive without overloading you.” —John Stevenson, DZone Book Reviewer “OUB is one of the best books I’ve seen for beginners.” —Bill Blinn, TechByter Worldwide “This book is the perfect companion for users new to Linux and Ubuntu. It covers the basics in a concise and well-organized manner. General use is covered separately from troubleshooting and error-handling, making the book well-suited both for the beginner as well as the user that needs extended help.” —Thomas Petrucha, Austria Ubuntu User Group “I have recommended this book to several users who I instruct regularly on the use of Ubuntu. All of them have been satisfied with their purchase and have even been able to use it to help them in their journey along the way.” —Chris Crisafulli, Ubuntu LoCo Council, Florida Local Community Team “This text demystifies a very powerful Linux operating system . in just a few weeks of having it, I’ve used it as a quick reference a half dozen times, which saved me the time I would have spent scouring the Ubuntu forums online.” —Darren Frey, Member, Houston Local User Group This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition Benjamin Mako Hill Matthew Helmke Amber Graner Corey Burger With Jonathan Jesse, Kyle Rankin, and Jono Bacon Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. -
Noprianto Instalasi Pprogramrogram
UTAMA Noprianto Instalasi PProgramrogram eiring dengan semakin banyaknya Linux digunakan, teknologi Syang memudahkan instalasi program di Linux ddii LLinuxinux pun bertambah. Kita akan membahasnya di tulisan ini. Suatu sistem yang solid adalah impian contoh, di sistem berbasis RPM, kita me- sendiri-sendiri. Selain karena alasan tidak semua pengguna komputer. Baik pengguna ngenal program yang dipaketkan sebagai ingin adanya redundansi yang tidak diper- komputer di server besar sampai perangkat fi le dengan ekstensi rpm yang dapat diin- lukan, juga karena kemungkinan terjadinya genggam. Permasalahannya adalah sistem stal. Atau, di sistem berbasis DPKG, kita inkompatibilitas versi pustaka. operasi yang telah terinstal tidak dapat mengenal program yang dipaketkan sebagai Oleh karena itu, sebuah paket barangkali memenuhi kebutuhan semua pengguna. fi le dengan ekstensi .deb. Dan masih banyak akan membutuhkan paket lainnya. Dan, pa- Baik saat pertama penggunaan ataupun di lagi. ket tersebut juga mungkin dibutuhkan oleh waktu yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu, Khususnya di Linux, masalah instalasi paket lainnya. Beberapa package manage- sistem operasi modern mengizinkan insta- program menjadi sangat istimewa karena ment modern sudah mengatasi masalah lasi aplikasi tambahan, baik yang berjalan adanya keinginan untuk mengumpulkan dependency ini, namun sempat menjadi isu sepenuhnya di user space ataupun yang me- semua pustaka di satu atau beberapa tem- yang sangat rumit di beberapa waktu yang nyentuh kernel space. pat yang disepakati bersama. Demikian lalu ataupun di beberapa sistem saat ini. Instalasi program dapat dilakukan juga dengan lokasi executable program. Di Kebutuhan akan versi pustaka yang ber- dengan berbagai cara. Di sistem operasi Linux, kita tidak disarankan untuk menggu- beda-beda juga bisa menjadi masalah besar. -
Linux Installation and Getting Started
Linux Installation and Getting Started Copyright c 1992–1996 Matt Welsh Version 2.3, 22 February 1996. This book is an installation and new-user guide for the Linux system, meant for UNIX novices and gurus alike. Contained herein is information on how to obtain Linux, installation of the software, a beginning tutorial for new UNIX users, and an introduction to system administration. It is meant to be general enough to be applicable to any distribution of the Linux software. This book is freely distributable; you may copy and redistribute it under certain conditions. Please see the copyright and distribution statement on page xiii. Contents Preface ix Audience ............................................... ix Organization.............................................. x Acknowledgments . x CreditsandLegalese ......................................... xii Documentation Conventions . xiv 1 Introduction to Linux 1 1.1 About This Book ........................................ 1 1.2 A Brief History of Linux .................................... 2 1.3 System Features ......................................... 4 1.4 Software Features ........................................ 5 1.4.1 Basic commands and utilities ............................. 6 1.4.2 Text processing and word processing ......................... 7 1.4.3 Programming languages and utilities .......................... 9 1.4.4 The X Window System ................................. 10 1.4.5 Networking ....................................... 11 1.4.6 Telecommunications and BBS software ....................... -
Building Linux Distribution Packages with Docker
Building Linux distribution packages with Docker Bruno Cornec HPE EMEA EG Presales Strategist WW Linux Community Lead, HPE Open Source Pro ession !"#0 – October 20'( #$#A Custo%ers Solution Inno&ation Center Grenoble Ma)ing the ne+ style o ,T a reality # o » './ years o success, +orld +ide programs, including Cloud Center o Excellence, C Big Data Center o Excellence, Open Source Solutions ,nitiati!e, 0,SC to HP Intel Architecture Migrations, N ! Center o Excellence, EMEA Networking Customer 1isit Center and more » C Complete ,- 23$$/ systems, 4$$$/ net+ork ports, .$$/ -B storage5 o » Port olio o 3$/ ready to demo solutions +it* access to our ecosystem o Partners P » Complete test 6 !alidation en!ironment » Strategic partners*ip +it* Intel, '.7year long standing colla&oration » Strategic partners*ip +it* "ed Hat 87year colla&oration 2OSS,5 o % » e A uni9ue proo point in t*e industry +it* a pro!en ser!ice o:ering d e & i L Mission: Accelerate t*e adoption o new and inno!ati!e solutions &y creating simple and re+arding end7to7end customer experiences t*at &ene it our customers and partners, in a p o compelling and engaging colla&orative en!ironment. h s k …more information available at http://www.hpintelco.net r o ' Introducing m(sel) ● So t+are engineering and <nices since '=>>; – Mostly Con iguration Management Systems 2CMS5, Build systems, 9uality tools, on multiple commercial <nix systems – ?isco!ered Open Source 6 Linux 2OSL5 6 made irst contri&utions in '==4 – @ull time on OSL since '==5, irst as HP reseller t*en AHP ● Currently; – -
Slackware Linux Essentials.Pdf
The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Linux Essentials Slackware Linux Essentials News Slackware Linux FAQ Essentials Book The Official Guide To Slackware Linux General Info David Cantrell Get Slack Logan Johnson ZipSlack Chris Lumens Install Help This documentation is licensed under the terms of the GNU Configuration General Public License. A copy of this license can be found in Appendix A. Packages Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Slackware ChangeLogs is a registered trademark of BSDi and Patrick Volkerding. Propaganda Ports Table of Contents Preface Other Sites Conventions Used in This Book I. Introduction Support 1. An Introduction to Slackware Linux What is Linux? Contact What is Slackware? http://www.slackware.com/book/ (1 of 5) [3/18/2002 7:03:08 PM] The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Linux Essentials Mailing Lists Open Source and Free Software 2. Help About System Help Online Help II. Installation 3. Installation Getting Slackware System Requirements Summary III. Configuration 4. System Configuration System Overview Selecting A Kernel Summary 5. Network Configuration Network Hardware Network Utilities The /etc files rc.inet1 rc.inet2 NFS (Network File System) tcp_wrappers Summary 6. The X Window System xf86config XF86Setup Session Configuration Files Servers and Window Managers Selecting a Desktop Exporting displays Summary 7. Booting LILO LOADLIN Dual Booting Summary IV. Using Slackware Linux 8. The Shell http://www.slackware.com/book/ (2 of 5) [3/18/2002 7:03:08 PM] The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Linux Essentials Users The Command Line The Bourne Again Shell (bash) Virtual Terminals Summary 9. Filesystem Structure Ownership Permissions Links Mounting Devices NFS Mounts Summary 10. -
Breve Historia De Linux Y El Movimiento Del Software Libre
Breve historia de Linux y el movimiento del Software Libre Historia de la informática 2010/2011 Sergio Talens Oliag sto@{debian.org|iti.upv.es} 23/11/2010 Introducción En esta charla hablaremos de: • La historia de esta charla • Historia del movimiento del Software Libre • Licencias de Software • Evolución de los S.O. tipo Unix • Distribuciones de Linux • Código abierto en el mundo empresarial • Software libre en la administración Historia de una charla • Charla impartida en esta misma asignatura en los cursos 2002-2003 y 2003-2004 • Actualización para impartirla en las V Jornadas de Sofware Libre en la Casa de Cultura de Burjassot (abril de 2006) • Actualización para hoy a raiz de un encuentro en la charla de Mark Shuttleworth en el IV Congreso de Software Libre de la Comunidad Valenciana Cronología 1969-70 • Comienza el desarrollo de Unix en los Laboratorios Bell de AT&T 1975 • Unix se distribuye con código fuente a las universidades con una licencia académica • Bill Gates y Paul Allen fundan Micro-Soft 1976 1 • El 3 de febrero de 1976 William Henry Gates III publica An open letter to hobbyists, una carta en la que se describe como robo el intercambio de software (en este caso el Altair BASIC de Micro-Soft) • Steve Jobs y Steve Wozniak fundan Apple Computers 1977-1979 1977-78 • Primeras distribuciones de la Berkeley Software Distribution para PDP-11 • Unix versión 7 1979 • 3BSD, distribución de Unix para VAX (32bit) de Berkeley 1980-1982 • Financiadas por DARPA, aparecen las primeras versiones 4.x de BSD, que introducen varias mejoras al Unix de AT&T y se venden a multitud de universidades • Aparece Sun Microsystems, la Sun-1 era una estación de trabajo de altas prestaciones que empleaba microprocesadores y funciona con Unix 1983 • Sun lanza SunOS 1.0 • AT&T anuncia UNIX System V • Richard Stallman abandona el MIT y anuncia el proyecto GNU (GNU's Not Unix), que tiene por objeto escribir un S.O. -
Unregisterd Version
The Official Ubuntu Book 1 Table of Contents 3 Copyright 6 Foreword 8 Preface 11 Acknowledgments 13 About the Authors 14 Introduction 15 Chapter 1. Introducing Ubuntu 18 A Wild Ride 19 Free Software, Open Source, and GNU/Linux 20 A Brief History of Ubuntu 23 What Is Ubuntu? 27 Ubuntu Promises and Goals 31 Canonical and the Ubuntu Foundation 36 Ubuntu Subprojects, Derivatives, and Spin offs 39 Summary 40 Chapter 2. Installing Ubuntu 41 Choosing Your Ubuntu Version 42 Getting Ubuntu 44 Installing from the Desktop CD 47 Installing Using the Alternate Install CD 56 Post-Installation 64 Summary 66 Chapter 3. Using Ubuntu on the Desktop 67 Taking Your Desktop for a Ride 69 Using Your Applications 78 The Ubuntu File Chooser and Bookmarks 116 Ubuntu in Your Language 118 Customizing Ubuntu's Look and Feel 119 Managing Your Files 121 Ubuntu and Multimedia 127 Summary 133 Chapter 4. Advanced Usage and Managing Ubuntu 134 Adding and Removing Programs and Packages 135 Keeping Your Computer Updated 143 Moving to the Next Ubuntu Release 147 Using and Abusing Devices and Media 148 Configuring a Printer in Ubuntu 151 Graphically Access Remote Files 158 The Terminal 160 Working with Windows 165 Summary 167 Chapter 5. The Ubuntu Server 168 What Is Ubuntu Server? 169 Installing Ubuntu Server 171 Ubuntu Package Management 179 Ubuntu Server Security 188 Summary 193 Chapter 6. Support and Typical Problems 194 Your System 196 Applications 210 Multimedia 215 Networking 221 Hardware 226 System Administration 237 Other 249 Summary 255 Chapter 7. Using Kubuntu 256 Introduction to Kubuntu 257 Installing Kubuntu 262 Customizing Kubuntu 269 Systems Administration 273 Managing Files with Kubuntu 289 Common Applications 297 Finding Help and Giving Back to the Community 315 Summary 317 Chapter 8. -
1 Linux Distributions
1 Linux Distributions: A History and its Modern-Day Applications Caswell Hennig Department of Information Science, Marymount University IT 315: Operating Systems and Virtualization Mr. Hossein Beyzavi May 7, 2020 2 Abstract Linux distributions are very important in today’s world to utilize the power of the operating system effectively by having everything you need to get up and running in one package. Linux began in 1991 as a personal project by Finnish student Linus Torvalds, to create a new free operating system kernel for personal computers based on the Intel x86 architecture. The resulting Linux kernel has had large constant growth throughout its history and has since been ported to more platforms than any other operating system. Since the initial release of its source code in 1991, it has grown from a small number of C files to 23.3 million lines of source code. Linux is now also used not only for personal computing but is the leading operating system on servers and other systems such as mainframe computers. Linux also runs on embedded systems, such as routers, automation controls, televisions, digital video recorders, video game consoles, and smartwatches. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open-source software collaboration, which means that the source code may be freely used, modified, and distributed. Keywords: Linux, distribution, Ubuntu, Debian, KNOPPIX, kernel, Live CD, Live USB, Linux Mint, Fedora, Gentoo, Slackware, openSUSE, UNIX 3 Linux: The Beginnings By its modern definition, Linux refers to a group of operating system distributions built around the Linux kernel. In the strictest sense, though, Linux refers only to the presence of the kernel itself.