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11 The Friends and Foes of Homer’s ILIAD king of the gods and arbiter between Greeks Zeus and Trojans and their favoring deities messenger of the gods, especially of Zeus; Iris repeats messages almost verbatim Greeks: Favoring Gods Poseidon brother of Zeus; king of the sea Hera sister and wife of Zeus; queen of the gods daughter of Zeus; no mother; Athene goddess of wisdom Thetis mother of Achilles; sea nymph Hephaestus son of Zeus and Hera; god of the forge Trojans: Favoring Gods Apollo son of Zeus and Leto; god of prophecy Artemis Apollo’s twin sister; goddess of the hunt Aphrodite daughter of Zeus; goddess of beauty Ares son of Zeus and Hera; god of war Hermes son of Zeus and Maia; messenger god also called Xanthus; god of the river Scamander Scamander, runs through the plain of Ilium 12 Iliad Greeks: Major Characters king of Mycenae; leader of the Greeks; Agamemnon son of Atreus king of Sparta; brother of Agamemnon; Menelaus husband of Helen son of Thetis and Peleus (a mortal); Achilles fairest and fiercest of the Greeks old king of Pylos; Nestor father of Antilochus and Thrasymedes Odysseus king of Ithaca; husband of Penelope Ajax, son of ruler of Locris; fast runner Oïleus Ajax, son of ruler of Salamis; fierce warrior Telamon Diomed son of Tydeus; king of Argos, Tiryns, Aegina Idomeneus king of Crete; grandson of Minos Patroclus comrade and squire of Achilles foster son of Peleus; Phoenix surrogate father to Achilles Meriones squire of Idomeneus Calchas seer and interpreter of omens Machaon son of Asclepius Thersites ugliest of the Greeks; an endless talker Talthybius, Greek heralds Eurybates The Friends and Foes of Homer’s Iliad 13 Trojans: Major Characters Priam king of Troy; descendant of Tros and Zeus Paris son of Priam; seducer of Helen Hector son of Priam; Trojan commander Helenus son of Priam; soothsayer Antenor aged councilor to Priam son of Zeus and Laodamia; grandson of Sarpedon the horseman, Bellerophon Glaucus comrade and squire of Sarpedon son of Anchises and Aphrodite; leader of Aeneas the Dardanians; founder of Rome Polydamas warrior and councilor Dolon Trojan scout Idaeus Trojan herald Women of Troy Hecuba wife of Priam; queen of Troy Helen wife of Menelaus and Paris Andromache wife of Hector; mother of Astyanax Laodice daughter of Priam; wife of Helicaon daughter of Priam; prophetess whom Cassandra no one believed Theano wife of Antenor; priestess of Athene.

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Summaries of the Trojan Cycle Search the GML Advanced
Document belonging to the Greek Mythology Link, a web site created by Carlos Parada, author of Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology Characters • Places • Topics • Images • Bibliography • PDF Editions About • Copyright © 1997 Carlos Parada and Maicar Förlag. Summaries of the Trojan Cycle Search the GML advanced Sections in this Page Introduction Trojan Cycle: Cypria Iliad (Synopsis) Aethiopis Little Iliad Sack of Ilium Returns Odyssey (Synopsis) Telegony Other works on the Trojan War Bibliography Introduction and Definition of terms The so called Epic Cycle is sometimes referred to with the term Epic Fragments since just fragments is all that remain of them. Some of these fragments contain details about the Theban wars (the war of the SEVEN and that of the EPIGONI), others about the prowesses of Heracles 1 and Theseus, others about the origin of the gods, and still others about events related to the Trojan War. The latter, called Trojan Cycle, narrate events that occurred before the war (Cypria), during the war (Aethiopis, Little Iliad, and Sack of Ilium ), and after the war (Returns, and Telegony). The term epic (derived from Greek épos = word, song) is generally applied to narrative poems which describe the deeds of heroes in war, an astounding process of mutual destruction that periodically and frequently affects mankind. This kind of poetry was composed in early times, being chanted by minstrels during the 'Dark Ages'—before 800 BC—and later written down during the Archaic period— from c. 700 BC). Greek Epic is the earliest surviving form of Greek (and therefore "Western") literature, and precedes lyric poetry, elegy, drama, history, philosophy, mythography, etc.
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The Laodamia Myth
APPENDIX: THE LAODAMIA MYTH Most of the testimony we have on the Laodamia myth is from relative ly late sources. While we know of treatments that predate poem 68, it is not possible to establish in any detail which versions of the myth these represented. Homer (//. 2. 698-701) gives no details beyond Protesilaus' death and does not even name the widow, describing her only as ~1L~t8pucp7Ji;. According to Pausanias ( 4.2. 7), Protesilaus' wife was called Polydora in the Cypria. Pausanias says that in this poem the widow took her own life but does not make it clear whether this act followed Pro tesilaus' death or his return to the Underworld after the reunion. The word Pausanias uses of her suicide, lmxot'tota~!i(uv, "to slay over or in succession to a corpse,'' makes it unlikely that the Cypn·a dealt with the version in which she dies following the image of her husband into the fire. The few surviving fragments from Euripides' tragedy Protesilaus, of uncertain date, do little to shed light on the episodes and incidents of the play. According to the brief synopsis of the play that has been preserved (Schol. Aristid. p. 671 ), Protesilaus left Laodamia on their wedding day. After his death he obtained permission to return to his wife for a single day. The synopsis makes no mention of Laodamia's suicide or of the image. One fragment is especially tantalizing (fr. 655, Nauck2): oux &v 1tpo80£11v xot£1tEp <i~uxov ~O..ov. If <i~uxov means ''inanimate'' here, it could be a reference to the image that Laodamia made.
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Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs the Ptolemaic Family In
Department of World Cultures University of Helsinki Helsinki Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs The Ptolemaic Family in the Encomiastic Poems of Callimachus Iiro Laukola ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XV, University Main Building, on the 23rd of September, 2016 at 12 o’clock. Helsinki 2016 © Iiro Laukola 2016 ISBN 978-951-51-2383-1 (paperback.) ISBN 978-951-51-2384-8 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2016 Abstract The interaction between Greek and Egyptian cultural concepts has been an intense yet controversial topic in studies about Ptolemaic Egypt. The present study partakes in this discussion with an analysis of the encomiastic poems of Callimachus of Cyrene (c. 305 – c. 240 BC). The success of the Ptolemaic Dynasty is crystallized in the juxtaposing of the different roles of a Greek ǴǳȅǻǽǷȏȄ and of an Egyptian Pharaoh, and this study gives a glimpse of this political and ideological endeavour through the poetry of Callimachus. The contribution of the present work is to situate Callimachus in the core of the Ptolemaic court. Callimachus was a proponent of the Ptolemaic rule. By reappraising the traditional Greek beliefs, he examined the bicultural rule of the Ptolemies in his encomiastic poems. This work critically examines six Callimachean hymns, namely to Zeus, to Apollo, to Artemis, to Delos, to Athena and to Demeter together with the Victory of Berenice, the Lock of Berenice and the Ektheosis of Arsinoe. Characterized by ambiguous imagery, the hymns inspect the ruptures in Greek thought during the Hellenistic age.
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Sophocles' Philoctetes Roisman, Hanna M Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1997; 38, 2; Proquest Pg
The appropriation of a son: Sophocles' Philoctetes Roisman, Hanna M Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1997; 38, 2; ProQuest pg. 127 The Appropriation of a Son: Sophocles' Philoctetes Hanna M. Roisman ANHOOD in archaic and classical Greece-as in modern times-is generally manifested not so much in relation M ships with women as in relationships with other men, especially in the relationship between father and son. The Greek male is expected to produce sons who will continue his oikos (e.g. Soph. Ant. 641-45; Eur. Ale. 62lf, 654-57). Further, as Hesiod makes clear, sons should resemble their fathers in both looks and conduct, especially the latter (Op. 182,235; ef Ii. 6.476-81; Theophr. Char. 5.5). Such resemblance earns the father public esteem and proves his manliness; the lack of it may be cause for disparagement and calls his manliness into question. 1 We learn from Ajax and Philoctetes that Sophocles follows the Hesiodic imperative that sons should resemble their fathers in their natures and their accomplishments. Ajax sees himself as an unworthy son, having lost Achilles' arms to Odysseus, and prefers to commit suicide rather than face his father, Telamon, who took part in Heracles' expedition to Troy and got Hesione, the best part of the booty, as a reward (Aj. 430-40,462-65, 470ff, 1300-303; Diod. 4.32.5). At the same time, he expects his son, Eurysaces, to be like himself in nature, valor, and in everything else ('ttl.~' aA.A.' OIlOlO~, Aj. 545-51). Sophocles' Philoctetes, on the other hand, presents the strug gle between Odysseus and Philoctetes for the 'paternity' of Neoptolemus, as each tries to mold the young man in his own 1 Even in contemporary Greece the intense male rivalry for proving oneself takes place among men alone, while women and flocks serve as the object of this rivalry.
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Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Dares Phrygius' De Excidio Trojae Historia: Philological Commentary and Translation Jonathan Cornil Scriptie voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Master in de Taal- en letterkunde (Latijn – Engels) 2011-2012 Promotor: Prof. Dr. W. Verbaal ii Table of Contents Table of Contents iii Foreword v Introduction vii Chapter I. De Excidio Trojae Historia: Philological and Historical Comments 1 A. Dares and His Historia: Shrouded in Mystery 2 1. Who Was ‘Dares the Phrygian’? 2 2. The Role of Cornelius Nepos 6 3. Time of Origin and Literary Environment 9 4. Analysing the Formal Characteristics 11 B. Dares as an Example of ‘Rewriting’ 15 1. Homeric Criticism and the Trojan Legacy in the Middle Ages 15 2. Dares’ Problematic Connection with Dictys Cretensis 20 3. Comments on the ‘Lost Greek Original’ 27 4. Conclusion 31 Chapter II. Translations 33 A. Translating Dares: Frustra Laborat, Qui Omnibus Placere Studet 34 1. Investigating DETH’s Style 34 2. My Own Translations: a Brief Comparison 39 3. A Concise Analysis of R.M. Frazer’s Translation 42 B. Translation I 50 C. Translation II 73 D. Notes 94 Bibliography 95 Appendix: the Latin DETH 99 iii iv Foreword About two years ago, I happened to be researching Cornelius Nepos’ biography of Miltiades as part of an assignment for a class devoted to the study of translating Greek and Latin texts. After heaping together everything I could find about him in the library, I came to the conclusion that I still needed more information. So I decided to embrace my identity as a loyal member of the ‘Internet generation’ and began my virtual journey through the World Wide Web in search of articles on Nepos.
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MNRAS 000,1–26 (2020) Preprint 23 March 2021 Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0 Astrocladistics of the Jovian Trojan Swarms Timothy R. Holt,1,2¢ Jonathan Horner,1 David Nesvorný,2 Rachel King,1 Marcel Popescu,3 Brad D. Carter,1 and Christopher C. E. Tylor,1 1Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia 2Department of Space Studies, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO. USA. 3Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania. Accepted XXX. Received YYY; in original form ZZZ ABSTRACT The Jovian Trojans are two swarms of small objects that share Jupiter’s orbit, clustered around the leading and trailing Lagrange points, L4 and L5. In this work, we investigate the Jovian Trojan population using the technique of astrocladistics, an adaptation of the ‘tree of life’ approach used in biology. We combine colour data from WISE, SDSS, Gaia DR2 and MOVIS surveys with knowledge of the physical and orbital characteristics of the Trojans, to generate a classification tree composed of clans with distinctive characteristics. We identify 48 clans, indicating groups of objects that possibly share a common origin. Amongst these are several that contain members of the known collisional families, though our work identifies subtleties in that classification that bear future investigation. Our clans are often broken into subclans, and most can be grouped into 10 superclans, reflecting the hierarchical nature of the population. Outcomes from this project include the identification of several high priority objects for additional observations and as well as providing context for the objects to be visited by the forthcoming Lucy mission.
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Ebook Download Troy: Lord of the Silver Bow No.1: Lord of The
TROY: LORD OF THE SILVER BOW NO.1: LORD OF THE SILVER BOW PDF, EPUB, EBOOK David Gemmell | 640 pages | 04 Apr 2006 | Transworld Publishers Ltd | 9780552151115 | English | London, United Kingdom Lord of the Silver Bow | David Gemmell Wiki | Fandom DG: My imagination always runs wild—for which I am more than thankful. Andromache is a great character. When authors talk of great characters, what they really mean is easy. Some characters are tough to write. The author has to constantly stop and work out what they will say or do. With the great characters, this problem disappears. Their dialogue flows instantly, their actions likewise. A friend of mine calls them "Ricks Bar characters," from the film Casablanca. Some characters you have to build, like a sculptor carving them from rock. Q:You present Agammemnon and the Mykene as arrogant, brutal warmongers, which is pretty much how Homer depicts them too. DG: Alexander the Great is remembered the same way. They had developed universities, in order for young people from peasant families to be educated. They had an international postal service, so that letters could be sent all over the empire. They had a form of social security so that their people did not starve during famines. They wanted to share their knowledge, and so built a great library containing works of history, science, and religion. They had interpreters there so that foreigners could learn the secrets they has so patiently gathered. The entire works of Zoroaster were kept there, inscribed with gold on sheepskin. Alexander, while drunk, thought it would be great fun to burn it all down.
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Wanaks and Related Power Terms in Mycenaean and Later Greek
2 WANAKS AND RELATED POWER TERMS IN MYCENAEAN AND LATER GREEK Thomas G Palaima There have been numerous advances in scholarship 1 (since Carlier, Royaute and 2 Palaima 1995 ) affecting the interpretation of the two lexical items (wa-na-ka = later wanaks and qa-si-re-u = later basileus) and related terms (e.g., lawagetas and e-ke-ra 2-wo) associated with the concept 'king' within Greek language and culture. Here I shall deal with them systematically under various subject headings that I hope are more than arbitrary. My main aim is to demonstrate that the most recently proposed etymologies of the term wanaks either confuse the functions of the wanaks within the Mycenaean texts for the essential meaning (and ideologi cal basis) of the word itself or are attractive as explanations for the meaning of the term, but ultimately unconvincing in accounting for its history. I argue that the essential meaning of the wanaks has to do, as in Hittite, with 'birth , begetting and fertility' and then with 'lineage'. 3 I then discuss many aspects of the attested functions of the wanaks in Mycenaean society. THE ETYMOLOGY OF WA-NA-KA, QA-SI-RE-U AND E-KE-RAi-WO: LINEAR B, HITTITE AND HOMER There are no convincing, that is, widely accepted, lndo-European etymologies of the Mycenaean terms wa-na-ka (later Greek civa~) and qa-si-re-u (later Greek I dedicate this paper to the late Kees Ruijgh whose scholarly erudition , integrity , deep human ity and generosity are sorely missed by all of us who still work at the Mycenaean texts that he understood so deeply and explicated so clearly.
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Ovid's Wife in the Tristia and Epistulae Ex Ponto
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SUN MYTHS and RESURRECTION MYTHS. THERE Is a Type Of
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