A Tour of Architecture Through the Ages
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A TOUR OF ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE AGES No.1915026B Foreword Kitahashi Kenji Mayor of Kitakyushu City City of Kitakyushu The city of Kitakyushu has many magnificent buildings that contribute to making the urban Dalian Kitakyushu landscape unique and attractive. Airport The city is full of architecture that stands as symbols of its past as an essential point for politics, industry, and traffic, architecture that hints at the city’s history as a castle town and post Incheon Fukuoka station, architecture that speaks to the tradition and stateliness of the port city that has had years of Busan Tokyo exchange with cities nationally and internationally, and architecture that has helped the city grow Osaka Shizuoka Saga Oita and supported the nation as an industrial base. Recent years have seen the construction of facilities for sports, culture, and trade that have added new tones to the cityscape. Nagasaki Architecture not only boosts a city’s charms, but also plays a valuable role as a tool that evokes 250km 500km 1000km Kumamoto precious memories in people by becoming rooted in the community over time and blending into Shanghai people’s lives, at times even serving as a reminder of history and how the old days looked. In France, “architecture” is highly regarded among various fields of art. In that sense, the many outstanding buildings that have survived and are used with care in the city are our irreplaceable “assets.” This year, our city is hosting the Culture City of East Asia 2020 Kitakyushu. Many guests, Okinawa domestic and international, will be visiting the city, and it will attract the world’s attention. We have created this booklet in hopes of improving the city’s image and cultivating civic Taipei pride, increasing inbound tourism, and promoting Kitakyushu as a creative city, by utilizing the city’s splendid architecture fully as local resources. Our city will work to make Kitakyushu the most comfortable place to live in Japan by achieving SDGs and becoming a creative city that utilizes the power of arts and culture in promoting industries and revitalizing communities. In closing, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to everyone who gave us their valuable views and help in the production of this booklet. The city of Kitakyushu has played a part in the growth of Japan’s modern industries. March 2020 The city has many highly acclaimed and attractive buildings, including world heritage sites, cultural assets, and heritage sites of modern industrialization. Akagawa Takao We have created this booklet to introduce the city’s beautiful architecture and landscapes, primarily Kitakyushu City Landscape Council Chairman in photographs and as a window into their historical backdrop and location. I am sure that residents of Kitakyushu feel every day that the city offers diverse natural landscapes in contrast to its image as an industrial city, and that visitors are always surprised to We hope this booklet will deepen your awareness of the narratives of the buildings and the city’s learn the same. All sorts of buildings have been constructed against the backdrop of natural scenery, history and encourage you to go on an entertaining tour of the buildings. such as Mt. Sarakura, Dokai Bay, and the Kanmon Strait. When huge investments were injected into the city's steel industry, which supported the nation, during the post-Meiji modernization of Japan, new construction techniques were actively introduced. The city took on the role of a ‥‥ laboratory for all manners of modern architecture. Architecture of Kitakyushu Chronology 1 Post 1990s A military base was built on top of the urban structure of the castle town of Kokura, modern RIVERWALK Kitakyushu‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 31 buildings were constructed in Mojiko, the gateway to Asia, stately buildings suitable for the 1600s – 1800s headquarters of steel corporations were built in Yahata, and modern buildings for port logistics were built in Wakamatsu. I think the city is rare for having such a concentrated wealth of architecture in Kokura Castle‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 3 Night Views‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 39 the same area. As Japan became a democratic nation after modernization and the war, Murano Togo sought to design architecture for the people and built civic centers and banks. Isozaki Arata created 1800s – 1950s Architecture of Kitakyushu Location map‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 43 unconventional libraries and art museums using abstract geometric forms during the period of high JR Mojiko Station‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 7 economic growth. However, regardless of their architectural methods, both Murano and Isozaki ‥‥22 based their designs on the natural landscape of Kitakyushu. The key thoroughfare that gently rises Buildings designed by Tatsuno Kingo Legend from Yahata Station and stretches to Mt. Sarakura are important elements of Murano's Yahata Civic Auditorium and Hibiki Shinkin Bank Headquarters. The steep incline at the Kitakyushu Number (Corresponding to the chronology and location map) Municipal Museum of Art by Isozaki, which leads to a higher ground that looks over the industrial 1950s – 1990s 00 The name as of March 2020 (at the time of completion) quarter, is a prologue to the museum's atrium in the central hall. They are both unique, and their Wakato Bridge‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 23 site could not be substituted with other cities. Address: Where the building is located Buildings designed by Isozaki Arata‥‥‥ 27 Built in The year of completion Although Wakato Bridge is a piece of infrastructure, its advanced structural style that uses Blueprint: Architect/design office/design company suspension cables could probably not have been built without the flourishing local steel industry, Buildings designed by Murano Togo‥‥ ‥ 30 which made construction of the bridge possible. Readers are encouraged to see in person the buildings and structures birthed from Kitakyushu’s urban infrastructure and land features. Architecture of Kitakyushu Chronology Year 1600 1700 1800 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 1600s – 1800s 1800s – 1950s 1950s – 1990s Post 1990s Period 1868 1912 1926 1963 1989 2019 the 1st year of Meiji era the 1st year of Taisho era the 1st year of Showa era Birth of Kitakyushu City the 1st year of Heisei era the 1st year of Reiwa era 24 11 26 23 22 19 51 63 Hesaki Lighthouse JR Mojiko Station Nikka Whisky Former Dalian Sea Moji branch of Former JR Kyushu World Peace Pagoda Premier Hotel Mojiko 1872 1914 Moji Distillery Route Warehouse Kitakyushu Bank Headquarters building 1958 1998 Warehouses /1916 1929 1934 1937 25 15 13 16 21 49 65 Moji 13 Ward Kyushu Railway Former Moji Former Mitsui Moji Moji Ward Office Moji Golf Club, Clubhouse Kanmon Strait Museum 1960 History Museum Customs building O.S.K. Line Telecommunication 1930 2003 1891 1912 building /1917 Museum /1924 27 14 18 17 20 50 64 Former Sapporo Breweries Former Moji Mitsui Mojiko Ryozantei Moji Yusen building Sankiro Holme Ringer & Co. Mojiko Retro Highmart Kyushu Plant Brewery /1913 Club /1921 1925-1934 1927 1931 1962 1999 1 41 57 58 69 70 71 73 75 Kokura Castle BLUE BLUE KOKURA Central Public Library West Japan General Murasaki River, Kokura Castle Matsumoto Seicho Katsuyama Mikuni World 1609 (approx.) 1890 and Literature Museum Exhibition Center My Town/My River Japanese Garden Memorial Museum Park area Stadium Kitakyushu Kokurakita 1974 1977 1990 1998 1998 2006 2017 Ward 2 42 59 72 62 74 Kojusan-fukujuji Temple Mori Ogai Residence Kitakyushu International Kitakyushu RIVERWALK TOTO Museum 1665 around 1897 52 Conference Center Media Dome Kitakyushu 2015 1990 1998 2003 4 3 38 67 68 66 Kitakyushu Urban Monorail Kokuraminami Kokura Line Ward 1985 Daikozenji Temple Kamo-hachiman Haruyoshi Megane Bridge The University of Kokura Horse Kitakyushu Airport Gate /1671 Shrine main hall /1763 1919 Kitakyushu, Main Racing Track Passenger Terminal Tower /1995 1999 2006 30 29 33 28 32 31 48 Wakamatsu Ward Sekitan Kaikan Ueno building Main building of Kinnabe Former Furukawa Tochiki building Hino Ashihei Residence Wakato Bridge 1905 1913 restaurant,front entrance Mining,Wakamatsu 1920 “Kahaku Do” 1962 around 1917 building /1919 1940 5 35 47 34 36 61 54 60 78 76 77 Yahatahigashi Ward Kyushu Railroad The Imperial Steel Former Hyakusanju Minamikawachi Ohtani Kaikan Former Yahata Higashida Blast Fukuoka Hibiki Kyushu Golf Club International Kitakyushu Museum of bridge in Chayamachi Works,Japan First Bank Yahata branch Bridge 1927 Civic Auditiorium Furnace No. 1 Shinkin Bank 1992 Village Center Natural History & Human History 1891 Head Office /1899 1915 1926 1958 site /1962 Headquarters /1971 1993 2001 6 7 10 37 53 79 82 Horikawa Canal Former Takasaki Hirohata Shrine Orio Aishin Gakuen YASKAWA History Museum Hotel Crown Palais Nagasaki Kaido Koyanose 1762 family residence main hall /1842 Museum 1954 Kitakyushu Shuku Memorial Museum Yahatanishi 1835 1909 1989 2000 Ward 8 9 80 Jime-no-karato Tatebajaya Ichoya YASKAWA 1804 1837 Innovation Center 2015 44 46 45 40 39 43 48 56 56 Tobata Ward Kyushu Institute of Kyushu Institute of The Industry Club of Former Yasukawa Tobata Public Nissui Tobata building Wakato Bridge Kitakyushu Municipal Kitakyushu Municipal Technology Front Gate Technology Front Gate West Japan Western- family residence Library 1936 1962 Museum of Art, Main Museum of Art, Annex 1909 Guard House /1909 style Building /1912 parlor /1912 1933 building /1974 1986 1 ARCHITECTURE OF KITAKYUSHU ARCHITECTURE OF KITAKYUSHU 2 A modern age with remembrance of the past 1600s – 1800s Kokura Castle The famous karazukuri style castle combines grace and dynamism. Kokura Castle seen from RIVERWALK Kitakyushu In 1602, a vassal named Tadaoki complex and the Kitakyushu Central castle's construction. There is a notable Hosokawa of Sekigahara began Public Library. Therefore, the castle richness to the urban space created building Kokura Castle, which is keep had a significant impact on the between the castle and the surrounding marked by its karazukuri (protruding formation of Kokura’s urban form.