Vol. 34, Number 2 Fall 2017

Eufaula Excursion Preservation 101 Patriot’s Camp 2017 Report Upcoming Events

Learn more on page 7. Find out more on page 6. Discover this year’s Camp on page 4. See page 8 for upcoming events PRESERVATION PROGRESS Through almost two The Constitution used the 1940s building decades, the Atlanta for about 10 years, until it merged with the Atlan- Preservation Center ta Journal and moved to a new, nearby location. has been advocating Power next occupied the building until for the survival and the early 1970s. The City of Atlanta bought the reuse of the old Atlan- building in 1995. ta Constitution build- Atlanta Constitution Building ing, including efforts to If the State office determines the building eligible recognize its signifi- for the National Register of Historic Places, the cance in our “Ancients & Moderns” events, list- developers could apply for state and federal tax ing multiple times on our Endangered list, a chal- incentives of approximately $10 million com- lenge to the §106 review process, calls for desig- bined. , which is the economic de- nation of the building, and discussions with devel- velopment branch of the City, calculates that the opers. Presently, after nearly a year of RFP sub- $40 million rehabilitation project would have an mittals, reviews, and negotiations, Invest Atlanta economic revitalization impact of $56.5 million is close to awarding the sale of the old Atlanta on the downtown area, creating an estimated 427 Constitution newspaper building to developers temporary construction jobs, 360 permanent Pope & Lane Enterprises and its partner Place jobs, and generating almost $500,000 in new an- Properties, according to news reports. nual property taxes for the City. The two-year project is scheduled to start in June 2018 with The developers have agreed to buy the historic completion in 2020. Art Moderne building, located at 143 Alabama Street and vacant for decades, for $2 million for a As you read in our previous $40-million mixed-use rehabilitation project that newsletter, the APC has been will include 67,000 square feet of offices, retail, involved with the Medical Arts residential housing, a rooftop restaurant, and142 building for an extended parking spaces They also will construct 112 new length of time. As a result of residential units behind the historic building, of our efforts, an easement was which 30% would be affordable housing. Atlan- granted on the building to ta’s Department of City Planning hopes to occu- Global X. Invest Atlanta voted py about 30,000 square feet of the office space. in August to award a grant of Medical Arts Building 2 PRESERVATION PROGRESS (Continued from Page 1) up to $3 million to Global X Properties to assist in the rehabilitation of the building. Global X has agreed to use the grant funds to fully restore the façade, repair the windows and update the mechanical systems. The rehabilita- tion project is expected to generate an economic impact of $43 million invested in the downtown area and to cre- ate over 400 permanent jobs.

Norfolk Southern Within the Central Railroad District, which has been a focus of our activities for some time, the Norfolk Southern railroad headquarters building is located a few blocks away from the old Constitution building. The very long structure was built in 1912 adjacent to the rail lines which fed into the now-demolished Terminal Sta- tion. According to the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, the development firm CIM is interested in acquiring the property. Such a rehabilitation project is potentially eli- gible for the preservation tax incentives and could have a similar economic revitali- Norfolk Southern railroad building zation impact on area as the project had on its sur- Photo: Central Atlanta Progress rounding neighborhoods.

David T. School Atlanta’s neighborhood has undergone impressive economic revitali- zation, most recently including the Ponce City Market rehabilitation and the develop- ment of the Atlanta Beltline. has announced that the long-vacant David T. Howard School will reopen in 2020 as a new middle school, replacing the cur- rent Inman Middle School, which in turn will transition to a much-needed new elemen- tary school. The decision to reuse the school building came from both a need for a larg- David T. Howard School Photo by Joeff Davis er building to house the 1,000+ student body at Inman and to satisfy community re- Creative Loafing quests to reuse the building. The David T. Howard School opened in 1924 and served as both an elementary and high school through the years; due to low enrollment it closed in 1975. Significant alumni include Martin Luther King, Jr. and former Atlanta Mayor Maynard Jackson. When the school reopens in 2020, it will be the first time it will house an integrated student body.

Atlanta Stockade Earlier this year Urban Realty Partners and RAF Capital applied for the state and feder- al tax incentive program to rehabilitate the historic Atlanta Stockade for $11 million, which will net them almost $5 million in tax credits. The former prison and its two adja- cent outbuildings were listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The new commercial use development will be called GlenCastle. According to the Atlanta Business Chronicle, a four-acre site adjacent to the Atlanta Stockade recently has been purchased by Grubb Properties for $5.1 million. The site currently is occupied by a Atlanta Stockade school building built about 1930 and most recently known as the Atlanta Arts Exchange campus. Grubb plans to demolish the historic school and build 240 new residential apartments. Because the Grubb Properties development plan involves the demolition, and not a rehabilitation, of a historic building, the developers would not be eligible for the preservation tax incentives. Both sites are east of , near the development and the Atlanta Beltline.

Pratt-Pullman Yard Pratt-Pullman Yard was listed on our Endangered List in 2001. We have advocated for this complex since that time. After nearly three decades of ownership by the Georgia Building Authority, the historic Pratt-Pullman Yard, located at 225 Rogers St. in Kirkwood, was sold to Atomic Entertainment for $8 million. The following month, the Atlanta Urban Design Commission approved a resolution nominating the Pratt-Pullman Yard as a landmark district; all the buildings located within the district are included within this designation. However, the decision is not final until it is approved by both the Zoning Review Board and the Atlanta City Council. The industrial com- 3 plex also is a to the Kirkwood Historic District, which was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. The complex originally was constructed in 1906 as the Pratt Engineering and Machineworks company. In 1926 it was purchased by the Pullman Company who converted the site for use as its southeastern repair shop and built additional buildings. The new owner plans to transform the site into an entertainment district and movie studio on the 27-acre site and potentially could be eligible for state and federal preservation tax incentives, the city Landmark Historic Property Tax Abatement program, and the City/County Pratt-Pullman Yard Urban Enterprise Zone Tax Abatement Program.

The Historic District was added to the Georgia Register of Historic Places and nominated to the National Register in August by the Georgia National Register Review Board. The nomination was sponsored by Central Atlanta Progress. The 24-acre district in- cludes 15 buildings designed by Atlanta architect-developer John C. Portman, Jr., including the Hyatt Regency , the Atlanta Hotel and Westin Peachtree Plaza, the Atlanta Mar- riott Marquis, the AmericasMart complex, at Peachtree Center and seven office buildings. Many of the buildings feature Portman’s signature design element, the public atri- um. All of the buildings are united by pedestrian sky bridges, another of his design features. The 230 Peachtree Building (Peachtree Center Tower) currently is being rehabilitated as a 230 Peachtree Building federal and state preservation tax incentives project, but all contributing buildings in the nomi- nated district potentially would be eligible to participate in the program as well. ENDANGERED PROPERTIES Peachtree-Pine Homeless Shelter Peachtree-Pine Homeless Shelter is currently on our Endangered List. Just as de- velopment projects and revitalization efforts are increasing downtown and in Mid- town, plans are underway for Central Atlanta Progress (CAP) to take control of the Peachtree-Pine Homeless Shelter building, located at 477 , in Oc- tober when the shelter closes its doors. Shelter residents currently are being moved to other shelter locations throughout the city. The mission of the non- United Motor Services Building, profit CAP, founded in 1941, is to “enhance and preserve the vitality of downtown formerly the Atlanta.” Neighbors look forward to CAP finding a new use for the historic build- Peachtree-Pine Shelter ing constructed in 1921 as the United Motors Services Building and designed by prominent Atlanta architect A. Ten Eyck Brown. As a potentially eligible National Register-listed building, a reha- bilitation project could be eligible for state and federal tax incentives.

Trust Company Bank Building The Atlanta Preservation Center has been advocating for over a decade to preserve the former Trust Company Bank Building, located at 2160 Monroe Drive. The build- ing was one of those we featured during our “Ancients and Moderns” series of events, which pointed out the value of Atlanta’s modernist architecture prior to the formation of other groups, who have now focused on this. The iconic round building was de- Trust Company Building signed by Henri Jova in 1962 and remained a bank until 2000. Since that time it has been a series of bars and restaurants. Jova was a prominent Atlanta architect who also designed , the Carter Center, and the Carter Library. The building is significant as being repre- sentative of early modern architecture in Atlanta and for its unique round design. It was listed in the Georgia Reg- ister of Historic Places and nominated to the National Register in August by the Georgia National Register Review Board. The nomination was sponsored by the building’s owner. As a National Register-listed property that is ar- chitecturally intact with minimal alterations, an adaptive-use rehabilitation of the building would have potential to be eligible for state and federal tax incentives. 4 EDUCATION: PATRIOT’S CAMP 2017 REPORT In July, the Atlanta Preservation Center, in partnership with the Atlanta Town Committee of the Colonial Dames, launched a children’s educa- tional program called “Patriot’s Camp.” The camp was the creation of APC Board Member Chrissie Stevens Wayt and APC Director Boyd Coons, with the intent of encouraging preservation through good citizen- ship. The goal of the week-long camp was to engage and educate chil- dren in lessons on history and civics, with the hope that these budding young preservationists and historians will value the roots of our country, learn to critically engage with history and encourage preservation through good citizenship.

The daily curriculum featured Barbara Hyde (Goodrum House/Tom Watson Brown Foundation), who led daily art lessons with segments on portraiture, silhouettes, flag design and symbolism, architecture, and more. APC’s for- mer Education Director, Paul Hammock, provided daily historical lessons on life in the Colonial era. The chil- dren also enjoyed a special visit from re-enactor Reggie Vachon and a field trip to the Georgia Capitol to provide additional entertainment and context.

They also enjoyed several special experiences, including homemade lunches provided daily by the Colonial Dames. Each meal featured foods typically included in Colonial-era meals, such as Brunswick Stew, Fried Chick- en, and Ham and Biscuits. A special highlight for the children was a High Tea featuring porcelain china and a tea service used to serve General Lafayette during a visit to the U.S.

The camp drew children grades 4-7 from schools across the City, such as Parkside and Briarlake Elementary, Cen- tennial Academy and Henderson Middle School.

The APC greatly appreciates the food preparation, setup efforts and donations by the Colonial Dames, in particu- lar: Jane Bockel, Vicki Gillespie, Mary Eleanor Vachon, Ree Vachon, Sanford Dunklin, Nanke Tribble, Leigh Townsley, Mallory DeGolian, Jane Steward and Celeste Porter. 5

THANK YOU TO OUR FISCAL YEAR 2016-2017 SUPPORTERS

Gifts of $5,000 and more Gifts of $250 to $499 Gifts of $125 to $249 Mr. & Mrs. Howell E. Adams, Jr. Alozo F. And Norris B. Herndon Foundation Mr. Neal M. Allen Mr. & Mrs. Howell E. Adams III Mr. and Mrs. Norman Davenport Askins Atlanta Civil War Roundtable Anne Cox Chambers Foundation Atlanta Woman's Club Ms. Jennifer M. Ball City of Atlanta Mr. & Mrs. Thomas A. Barrow Mr. John Bayne Mr. F. H. Boyd Coons Mr. & Mrs. Brian Beem Mrs. Elizabeth M. Bowring Elizabeth & Howell Adams Fund Ms. Regina Brewer Mr. & Mrs. James H. Bradshaw Estate of Gibson Cornwell Brickworks Gallery Mr. Eric Davis Georgia Power Company Ms. Eileen Rhea Brown Ms. Shelley Dieter Bryans Foundation, Inc. Druid Hills Civic Association Gifts of $2,500 to $4,999 Mr. & Mrs. William Ware Bush Mr. & Mrs. Philip Dunklin Ms. Caitlin DuPree Mr. & Mrs. Albert Caproni Mr. & Mrs. Wm. Ronald Hinson Easements Atlanta Estate of Leila Evelyn Cawthon Mr. & Mrs. James C. Kennedy Mr. Lane B. Fuller Mrs. Carol J. Clark Mrs. Jacquelynne P. Lanham Mr. and Mrs. Walter George Col. Robert F. Clayton Mr. & Mrs. Richard W. Leslie Neighborhood Association, Inc. Mr. R. Patrick Cobb McAililey Endowment Trust Ms. Bethanie C. Grashof Mr. Robert B. Colgin Mr. & Mrs. James T. Wayt Ms. Jane Price Harmon Mrs. Elizabeth M. Cook Ms. Virginia Lee Harris Gifts of $1,000 to $2,499 Ms. Sandy Corley Ms. Kathy Hearn Mr. Shepard Ansley Ms. Mary Grace Diehl & Mr. Michael Jablonski Mr. and Mrs. Edgar S. Hicks Mr. and Mrs. William B. Astrop Dr. Mary Elizabeth Ellard Ms. Karen Huebner Mr. & Mrs. C. Merrell Calhoun Mr. and Mrs. Marc Frolich Mr. Handy Johnson Mr. Bryan M. Grant III Mrs. Harry L. Gilham Dr. Edwin Kuehn Mr. & Mrs. Philip Gwynn Mrs. Carol Lanier Goodman Mr. & Mrs. Thomas C. Leslie Lanier-Goodman Foundation Greater Vine City Opportunities Program, Inc. Ms. Leigh McDougal Mr. & Mrs. Jerry Luxemberger Ms. Louise S. Gunn Ms. Jo McIver Mr. David Y. Mitchell Gwynn Management Company Mr. & Mrs. Ralph R. Morrison Mr. William E. Pennington Mr. & Mrs. Christopher M. Hadorn MSTSD Mr. Daniel B. Rather Mr. & Mrs. Chad Hood My Friend's Growler Shop Mr. & Mrs. Charles B. Slick Ms. Susanne W. Howe Olmsted Linear Park Alliance, Inc. Ms. Elizabeth Morgan Spiegel Mr. William C. Jackson Ms. Mary Sue Osier Thomas H. Lanier Family Foundation Mr. Christopher Johnson Ponce Condominium Mrs. Mary Rose Taylor Mr. & Mrs. Gene Kansas Ms. Annette B. Satterfield The 2492 Fund Mr. Christopher Kellen Ms. Susan Schlittler Mr. & Mrs. James K. Warren Mr. Alfred D. Kennedy & Dr. William R. Kenny Ms. Nicole Schmitz Mr. Thomas F. Little Mr. Samuel J. Shepherd Gifts of $500 to $999 Mrs. Belle Turner Lynch Ms. Eunice Smith Atlanta Downtown Improvement District, Inc. Mr. Wright Marshall Ms. Sheila Stephens Ms. Eleanor Banister Ms. Elizabeth McQuerry Mr. Arthur M. Thurston Mr. & Mrs. Ken Bazzle Mrs. John S. Mullins Mr. Kenneth H. Thomas Mr. & Mrs. Dameron Black III Mr. & Mrs. Michael A. Nadal Mr. & Mrs. William Turner Mr. & Mrs. Beauchamp C. Carr Mrs. Ellen K. Nemhauser Ms. Alison J. Tyrer CIRCA Mr. & Mrs. Paul Petersen Mrs. Linda L. Ware Mr. M. Berry Grant, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James T. Porter Ms. Suzy Waserman Mr. & Mrs. Steven W. Hays Mr. & Mrs. Jack F. Reeves Mr. & Mrs. John M. Welch Ms. Laura Howard Mr. Mark B. Riley Mr. Richard L. Wilson Mr. Tommy H. Jones Ms. Amanda Robinson Mr. & Mrs. Kevin D. Kell Mrs. Melodie Rogers Gifts In-Kind Ms. Amanda Rhein Mr. James H. Rollins 4-D Printing Mr. & Mrs. David Schachter Surber Barber Choate & Hertlein Mr. Howell Adams III Six Feet Under Mr. Eugene L. Suber Mrs. Thomas Hal Clarke Mr. David Smith Mr. David Vaughan Dakota Blue The Trolley Barn , Inc. The Flower Lady Mr. & Mrs. Joseph B. Vivona Dr. & Mrs. W. Hamilton Williams Jerry Dilts & Associates Mr. & Mrs. Knox Wilmer Mr. & Mrs. Bennett H. Woodward Mr. David Y. Mitchell Mr. & Mrs. Robert Yellowlees Mr. & Mrs. Zachry Young Rhodes Bakery Ria's Blue Bird Matching Gifts Participating Companies Viridis Garden Design Inc. CNA Matching Gift Plan, The Coca-Cola Foundation, GE Foundation, IBM Corporation, and WSB-TV Family2Family RLI Insurance Company

The APC appreciates every donation, including those under $125 which space does not permit us to include. We apologize for any errors or omissions on this list. 6 PRESERVATION 101: HOUSE TYPES IN GEORGIA This is the second in a series of articles on house styles and types in Atlanta. According to the Georgia Division’s Georgia’s Living Places 1991 publication, style is “the decoration or ornamentation that has been put on a house in a systematic pattern or arrangement.” House type refers to the overall form and height of the house, as well as the layout of the interior rooms. Thus a dozen houses of the same type may each display a differ- ent architectural style. There are over two dozen house styles and types respectively prevalent throughout Georgia. Both the Bungalow and American Foursquare are “sister” house types that were popular for their simplicity, func- tionality, and affordability with working, middle-class Americans in the early 20th century. Both house types often featured craftsman style architectural details, which was the most popular style at this time in Georgia. The Crafts- man style was influenced by the English Arts & Crafts movement and Japanese wooden architecture. Gustav Stickley promoted the style in his 1909 book Craftsman Homes, in which he advocated the use of local and natural materials, such as stone, shingles, wood, and tile. Sears, Roebuck & Company and other building companies also helped to spread the popularity of these house types through the sale of house kits through their mail-order catalogs from which all the construction materials were shipped conveniently to the site, including precut lumber, nails, windows, doors, etc.

In Atlanta, both the Bungalow and the American Foursquare can be found today in several historic in-town neigh- borhoods, including , , Grant Park, Kirkwood, Lake Claire, Morningside, Midtown, and Virginia-Highland. Atlanta architect Leila Ross Wilburn designed many of Atlanta’s and Decatur’s bungalow and foursquare homes as described in her first pattern book Southern Homes and Bungalows. Almost two dozen of her homes built in Decatur’s McDonough-Adams-Kings Highway (MAK) Historic District have been documented as still extant and may be viewed at http://www.mak-decatur.org/lrwhomes.shtml.

Atlanta builders and developers seem to have re-discovered the functionality and simple design of the Bungalow and American Foursquare beginning about 20 years ago, and these types have thus re-emerged in both new housing de- velopments and as in-fill housing in historic neighborhoods scattered throughout the metro area. However, most of these new construction houses are “re-interpretations” of the historic types and not fully authentic, often featuring two-car attached garages and lacking some of the exterior features and many of the interior features found in the orig- inals.

The Bungalow The word bungalow originated in India, where it was used by the British in the 19th century to describe a one-story house with large wrap-around porches. Bungalows were popular in Georgia from about 1900 to 1930 and were al- most equally popular in rural as in urban areas. The Bungalow house form is relatively long and low in proportion with an irregular interior floor plan, wide porches and low-pitched roofs, which may be front gable, side gable, hip or cross gable, and overhanging eaves and exposed rafters. Windows are often four over one or six over one. Columns are often tapered or square and rest on massive stone or brick piers. In Georgia, the front- and side-gabled versions outnumber the hipped bungalows, while cross-gable bunga- lows are rare. On the mostly asymmetrical interior, the front door typ- ically opened directly into the living room, which was often separated from the dining room by a half-wall. Many architectural components in the home, including window and door trim, typically were natural Bungalow in Decatur wood. Ceilings in the living and dining rooms usually featured box wooden beams. Dining rooms often featured a plate rail. Built-ins such as window seats, bookcases, benches, and china cabinets are also common. In bungalow homes, the exterior spaces were seen as an extension of the interior living space and often featured terraces and pergolas. American Foursquare The American Foursquare was popular nationwide for a short period between about 1910 and 1930, and in Georgia it appears mainly in urban settings. It was particularly embraced by middle class America because it was extremely 7 PRESERVATION 101 continued simple, functional, and economical to build. The American Foursquare features a square floor plan, cubical massing, a hipped or pyramidal roof and usually a wide front porch with columns. There are generally four rooms on each floor, but one of the front two usually serves as the entry and stair-hall. The foursquare house type can be found in Atlanta most often with Prairie School, Colonial Re- vival, or Craftsman style details, sometimes mixed. Craftsman details may in- clude tapered columns, wooden shingles, and exposed rafter tails on the exterior and on the interior built-in shelves, cabinets, stair benches and window seats, wainscoted plate rails, wooden ceiling beams, and simple fireplace mantels. Co- lonial Revival details could include round or fluted columns, a Palladian window, or fireplace mantels with fluted columns. Prairie School details may include exte- rior square columns and horizontal bands of exterior trim.

The Historic Preservation Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources provided information for this article. Leila Ross Wilburn, one of Georgia’s earliest female architects, was born in Macon in 1885. After graduating from Agnes Scott Institute (now College), Wilburn apprenticed with B.R. Padgett and Son. In 1909 Wilburn opened a private architectural practice with a focus on home design, the only area considered appropriate for a female archi- tect at the time. She grew her practice through close ties with contrac- tors, who purchased and constructed her plan book designs. Through This Foursquare in Lake Claire was her plan books, Wilburn hoped to broaden the availability of good based on Pattern Design No. 674 and house design. While she is known for Craftsman style bungalows in floorplan, available in Wilburn’s pattern Atlanta and Decatur, she also designed the YMCA gymnasium at the present-day Wood- book, Southern Homes and Bungalows. ward Academy, the Apartments on 11th Street and the Chatham Court condominiums.

FALL EXCURSION TO HISTORIC EUFAULA, AMERICUS AND TALBOTTON

This November 4-5, the Atlanta Preservation Center welcomes members on an exclusive visit to the historic towns of Eufaula, Alabama, Americus, Georgia and Talbotton, Georgia. See preservation in practice and discover the beauty of these cities with APC Board Member David Y. Mitchell and other APC friends as they guide you on an insider’s tour to these three historically vital towns. Guests will visit several private historic homes, including one of the earliest houses remaining in the lower Chattahoochee Valley, as well as antebellum and Second Empire mansions and cot- tages. Participants may then continue on to Americus and stay at the historic Windsor hotel or another venue of their choice. On Sunday, we have arranged for several historic sites in Talbotton to be open for guests for viewing.

The cost for this excursion is $25 per person. A full itinerary and directions will be provided to registrants. Your reg- istration includes a donation to the organizations assisting with this unique event. Guests are responsible for their own transportation, meals and lodging, unless otherwise noted in the itinerary.

Hurry! Registration is limited and first-come, first-serve. For registration and inquiries, call Gabrielle at (404) 688- 3353. F.H. Boyd Coons, Executive Director Nicole Schmitz Coordinator of Education, Grants, and Tours Ruth Middleton, Membership Coordinator Board of Trustees Carole Moore Schenck, Flies Coordinator Gabrielle Dean, Administrative Assistant

Calendar at a Glance & Upcoming Events Howell E. Adams III Amanda Rhein Shepard Ansley Leon R. Robbins David Knox Photography Exhibition: Ritual and Ruin: Tableaux Jean Astrop Ian Michael Rogers of a Lost War. Artist Talk and Open House on October 5; Sally Kinard Bayless Barbara B. Slick exhibition closes on December 1, 2017. Dameron Black III Elizabeth Morgan Spiegel Fall Fundraiser, “To the Gentlemen,” October 19, 2017 Timothy J. Crimmins Chrissie Stevens Wayt Fall All-Members Excursion to Eufaula and southwest Georgia, Arch Davis Rainey Rembert Woodward November 4-5, 2017 Bryan M. Grant III Mtamanika Youngblood Phoenix Flies Celebration, March 3-25, 2018 Nowland B. Gwynn II Spring Excursion to Beaufort, SC, April 19-22, 2018 Suzanne R. Gwynn Executive Committee Lisa M. Hinson Howell E. Adams III, President Thornton Kennedy Arch Davis, Vice President Jacquelynne P. Lanham Shepard Ansley, Treasurer Mary L. Leslie Lisa Hinson, Secretary Rep. John Lewis James McManus David Y. Mitchell

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