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DDiiggiittaall AAsssseett EExxcchhaannggee Dr. Rémi Arnaud Sony Computer Entertainment Khronos Group Promoter © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 1 •www.khronos.org •Founded in January 2000 by a number of leading media-centric companies, including: 3Dlabs, ATI, Discreet, Evans & Sutherland, Intel, NVIDIA, SGI and Sun Microsystems. (currently more than 100) •Dedicated to the creation of royalty-free open standard APIs to enable the playback of rich media on a wide variety of platforms and devices. •Home of 11 WG, including: OpenGL, OpenGL ES, OpenVG, OpenKODE, OpenSL, COLLADA •New WG introduced at GDC: glFX, Compositing © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 2 CCOOLLLLAADDAA aass aa SSCCEE pprroojjeecctt •SCE project, started in August 2003 - Goal: raise the quality and productivity of content development - free the content from proprietary formats and API, bring more tools to game developers, lower the barrier to entry for small tool companies, facilitate middleware integration, bring ‘advanced’ features in the main stream, drastically improve artist productivity. •Common description language - Developers get the content in a standard form - Tools can interchange content - Developers can mix and match tools during development - Many specialized tools can be independently created, and incorporated into developer’s content pipeline •COLLAborative Design Activity, SCE brought to the same table the major DCC vendors: Discreet, Alias, Softimage •Released v1.0 specification in August 2004 •Gathered feedback, waiting for tools to provide useful implementations, fixed bugs (patch releases) - v1.1 12/2004, v1.2 01/2005 ,v1.3 03/2005, v1.3.1 (patch) 08/2005. - V 1.3 was the first used in production (Konami, EA, THQ, SCEA, …) •Time to add new features: Physics, and Effects - SigGraph 05 – groundbreaking demos, external reference, FXComposer, FX © Copyright Khronos Group, import/export, Phys2i0c0s7 -o Ppageen 3 format CCOOLLLLAADDAA jjooiinneedd KKhhrroonnooss iinn JJuullyy 22000055 •COLLADA was ready to fly on its own - Necessary for its growth - Delicate time - All contributors needed to pledge extra allegiance to COLLADA by Joining Khronos •COLLADA 1.4 was released in January 2006, as a Khronos Standard - Includes COLLADA FX and COLLADA Physics - First non-API standard released by Khronos (a hard sale) - SCE became Promoter member (from contributor member) to state its continuous support to the standard •Strategy and execution were successful - Google adopted the standard, and joined Khronos as Contributor - Using COLLADA for 3D models in Google Earth / SketchUp - DaimlerChrysler joined Khronos as Contributor - Want to leverage COLLADA success in their domain: Automation - Adobe adding support for 3D in on of the most used 2D application - Photoshop CS3 extended, demonstrated at GDC’07 with COLLADA and GE models •Roadmap - Conformance test – necessary to validate the quality of implementations - Provid©e Ctohpyerig htri gKhhrotn otso G rouusp,e the logo and claim conformance - … time to add mo20r0e7 -f Peagaet 4ures ! (targeting 1.5 by end 2007) CCOOLLLLAADDAA iinn aaccttiioonn •From DCC to application - Animation, shaders, skin/bones •Ragdol - Rigid bodies with constraints •Programmable shaders - COLLADA FX CG from DCC to application •Animation and physics - Animation controlled, real-time physics behavior © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 5 CCOOLLLLAADDAA –– uusseedd ffoorr PPLLAAYYSSTTAATTIIOONN 33 •© Sony Computer Entertainment. Lots Of Ducks demonstration. © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 6 CCOOLLLLAADDAA –– DDiiggiittaall AAsssseett EExxcchhaannggee A giant COLLADA duck dragged and dropped on a Foster City lake in Google Earth © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 7 CCOOLLLLAADDAA iiss aann iinntteerrmmeeddiiaattee ffoorrmmaatt •Using XML schema technology - Strongly typed for leveraging XML validation technology - <float_array> 1.0 .. </float_array> as opposed to <array type=“float> 1.0 … </array> •Stream / data flow design - <sources> with <accessors> - Connect to data using <inputs> - <library> based - Enable specialized tools to inter-operate - Using URI for external references •Intermediate representation between DCC tools and applications - Can hold multiple representations of the same data - From concave polygon with holes to vertex cache optimized triangle meshes - Can represent high level concepts and low level implementations - From shader graphs to shader programs (Cg, GLSL,…) •Data and pipeline organization up to the user - COLLADA compliant tools can both import and export - User can freely organize its content production pipeline © Copyright Khronos Group, - Content can be sp20l0i7t -i Pna gme 8any documents - Using <library> and URI external reference mechanism CCOOLLLLAADDAA wwoorrkkffllooww mmooddeell - COLLADA is highly extensible - <extra> and <technique> - COLLADA elements are assets - <asset> can be used several times in a single document DCC tools Import/Export Fast Path Viewer 3rd party tools Assets script App. data COLLADA Schema Validation Refinery Conversion Final asset Application © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 9 CCOOLLLLAADDAA aanndd XX33DD 3dsMax XSI Application Development Maya … DCC tools to Game Engine FXComposer COLLADA to Google Earth Physics editor Refinery to X3D Flux Studio Flux Player SwirlX3D Studio Xj3D Toolkit WireFusion X3D Asset Creation … X3D Players … Publishing Tools © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 10 11..44..xx FFeeaattuurreess • Mesh Geometry • Transform hierarchy (rotation, translation, shear, scale, matrix) • Materials • Textures • Shader programs (Cg, GLSL, GLES) • Shader effects (FX) • Lights • Cameras • Skinning / bones • Animation • Physics (rigid bodies, constraints, rag dolls, collision volumes) • Instancing • Techniques • Multi-representations • Assets • User data © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 11 DDooccuummeennttaattiioonn •COLLADA Schema is the master document - Tools can help humans to read it – XMLspy (free personal edition) - Schema is XML, no need to learn another language - Auto-generate the COLLADA-DOM front end API and documentation - Leverage Schema language as much as we can - Design schema with this in mind (strongly typed …) •COLLADA Specification - pdf format, available in English and Japanese - 298 pages - Tools requirements - Additional rules not encoded in the Schema - Count element has to be equal to the number of values in an array © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 12 TThhee CCOOLLLLAADDAA bbooookk –– AAKK PPeetteerrss •Because nothing is for real until it is printed © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 13 CCOOLLLLAADDAA DDOOMM aanndd RReeffiinneerryy •COLLADA DOM – read, write, access data - In place data access – avoid costly data duplication - Front-end generated automatically from Schema (C++) - Back-end as plug-in – libxml backend, database backend •COLLADA Refinery – processing content framework - User interface to create the conditioning pipeline - C++ conditioners can be combined - Batch mode for execution in the build process •Open source, MIT license, source-forge distribution •Other open-source projects - FCOLLADA – higher level library, used by 3dsMax and Maya import/export - COLLADA RT – example COLLADA viewer - COLLADA CFX – FX loader for Cg shader (companion to RT) - COLLADA FX: Cg to GLSL – Automatically convert from one delivery platform to another © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 14 EExxaammppllee RReeffiinneerryy uussaaggee © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 15 UUsseerr pprroovviiddeedd CCoonntteenntt User provided Content is key to the future of most applications. COLLADA adoption by free and low cost tools as a significant impact. More and more games and application will enable users to add content using COLLADA technology Frictional Games (www.frictionalgames.com) Example COLLADA MOD ! © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 16 UUsseerr ccoonntteenntt -- BBeerrlliinn •Virtual Berlin, 44,000 buildings (Berlin Senate and Berlin Partner GmbH – Google Earth) © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 17 CCoonntteenntt ddaattaabbaasseess oonn tthhee wweebb •3D Warehouse (sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse) - Thousands of objects, IKEA catalog … - License: worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual license to use, copy … •Teapotters (www.teapotters.com) - Input many formats, automatic conversion, 3D viewer plug-in - License: worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive license to use, distribute, reproduce… •Daz (www.daz3d.com) - Skinned, morphed models available for a bargain - Plenty of other high resolution models Current situation of expensive models, available in DCC proprietary format is about to change. © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 18 AAllll kkiinndd ooff ccoonntteenntt oonn 33DD WWaarreehhoouussee !! © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 19 EExxaammppllee hhiigghh rreessoolluuttiioonn mmooddeell ffrroomm DDAAZZ © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 20 CCOOLLLLAADDAA FFXX –– FFXXCCoommppoosseerr 22..00 •FXComposer 2.0 (nVidia). Free tool in public beta really soon © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 21 CCOOLLLLAADDAA PPhhyyssiiccss –– BBuulllleett eennggiinnee •Bullet engine by Erwin Coumans – Open source rigid body engine using COLLADA Physics © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 22 AAGGEEIIAA -- PPhhyyssXX RRoocckkeett ttooooll •Getting closer to a Physics editor tool usable in content production © Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 23 CCOOLLLLAADDAA iinn GGEE -- AA kkmmzz ffiillee •COLLADA brings ‘textures’ to GE 3D models - Also brings animation, physics,
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  • The Opengl ES Shading Language

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    The OpenGL ES® Shading Language Language Version: 3.20 Document Revision: 12 246 JuneAugust 2015 Editor: Robert J. Simpson, Qualcomm OpenGL GLSL editor: John Kessenich, LunarG GLSL version 1.1 Authors: John Kessenich, Dave Baldwin, Randi Rost 1 Copyright (c) 2013-2015 The Khronos Group Inc. All Rights Reserved. This specification is protected by copyright laws and contains material proprietary to the Khronos Group, Inc. It or any components may not be reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed, broadcast, or otherwise exploited in any manner without the express prior written permission of Khronos Group. You may use this specification for implementing the functionality therein, without altering or removing any trademark, copyright or other notice from the specification, but the receipt or possession of this specification does not convey any rights to reproduce, disclose, or distribute its contents, or to manufacture, use, or sell anything that it may describe, in whole or in part. Khronos Group grants express permission to any current Promoter, Contributor or Adopter member of Khronos to copy and redistribute UNMODIFIED versions of this specification in any fashion, provided that NO CHARGE is made for the specification and the latest available update of the specification for any version of the API is used whenever possible. Such distributed specification may be reformatted AS LONG AS the contents of the specification are not changed in any way. The specification may be incorporated into a product that is sold as long as such product includes significant independent work developed by the seller. A link to the current version of this specification on the Khronos Group website should be included whenever possible with specification distributions.