Digital Asset Exchange

DDiiggiittaall AAsssseett EExxcchhaannggee

Dr. Rémi Arnaud Sony Computer Entertainment Khronos Group Promoter

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 1 •www.khronos.org •Founded in January 2000 by a number of leading media-centric companies, including: 3Dlabs, ATI, Discreet, Evans & Sutherland, Intel, NVIDIA, SGI and Sun Microsystems. (currently more than 100) •Dedicated to the creation of royalty-free open standard APIs to enable the playback of rich media on a wide variety of platforms and devices. •Home of 11 WG, including: OpenGL, OpenGL ES, OpenVG, OpenKODE, OpenSL, COLLADA •New WG introduced at GDC: glFX, Compositing

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 2 CCOOLLLLAADDAA aass aa SSCCEE pprroojjeecctt •SCE project, started in August 2003 - Goal: raise the quality and productivity of content development - free the content from proprietary formats and API, bring more tools to game developers, lower the barrier to entry for small tool companies, facilitate middleware integration, bring ‘advanced’ features in the main stream, drastically improve artist productivity. •Common description language - Developers get the content in a standard form - Tools can interchange content - Developers can mix and match tools during development - Many specialized tools can be independently created, and incorporated into developer’s content pipeline •COLLAborative Design Activity, SCE brought to the same table the major DCC vendors: Discreet, Alias, Softimage •Released v1.0 specification in August 2004 •Gathered feedback, waiting for tools to provide useful implementations, fixed bugs (patch releases) - v1.1 12/2004, v1.2 01/2005 ,v1.3 03/2005, v1.3.1 (patch) 08/2005. - V 1.3 was the first used in production (Konami, EA, THQ, SCEA, …) •Time to add new features: Physics, and Effects - SigGraph 05 – groundbreaking demos, external reference, FXComposer, FX © Copyright Khronos Group, import/export, Phys2i0c0s7 -o Ppageen 3 format CCOOLLLLAADDAA jjooiinneedd KKhhrroonnooss iinn JJuullyy 22000055 •COLLADA was ready to fly on its own - Necessary for its growth - Delicate time - All contributors needed to pledge extra allegiance to COLLADA by Joining Khronos •COLLADA 1.4 was released in January 2006, as a Khronos Standard - Includes COLLADA FX and COLLADA Physics - First non-API standard released by Khronos (a hard sale) - SCE became Promoter member (from contributor member) to state its continuous support to the standard •Strategy and execution were successful - Google adopted the standard, and joined Khronos as Contributor - Using COLLADA for 3D models in Google Earth / SketchUp - DaimlerChrysler joined Khronos as Contributor - Want to leverage COLLADA success in their domain: Automation - Adobe adding support for 3D in on of the most used 2D application - Photoshop CS3 extended, demonstrated at GDC’07 with COLLADA and GE models •Roadmap - Conformance test – necessary to validate the quality of implementations

- Provid©e Ctohpyerig htri gKhhrotn otso G rouusp,e the logo and claim conformance - … time to add mo20r0e7 -f Peagaet 4ures ! (targeting 1.5 by end 2007) CCOOLLLLAADDAA iinn aaccttiioonn •From DCC to application - Animation, shaders, skin/bones •Ragdol - Rigid bodies with constraints •Programmable shaders - COLLADA FX CG from DCC to application •Animation and physics - Animation controlled, real-time physics behavior

A giant COLLADA duck dragged and dropped on a Foster City lake in Google Earth

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 7 CCOOLLLLAADDAA iiss aann iinntteerrmmeeddiiaattee ffoorrmmaatt •Using XML schema technology - Strongly typed for leveraging XML validation technology - 1.0 .. as opposed to 1.0 … •Stream / data flow design - with - Connect to data using - based - Enable specialized tools to inter-operate - Using URI for external references •Intermediate representation between DCC tools and applications - Can hold multiple representations of the same data - From concave polygon with holes to vertex cache optimized triangle meshes - Can represent high level concepts and low level implementations - From shader graphs to shader programs (Cg, GLSL,…) •Data and pipeline organization up to the user - COLLADA compliant tools can both import and export - User can freely organize its content production pipeline © Copyright Khronos Group, - Content can be sp20l0i7t -i Pna gme 8any documents - Using and URI external reference mechanism CCOOLLLLAADDAA wwoorrkkffllooww mmooddeell - COLLADA is highly extensible - and - COLLADA elements are assets - can be used several times in a single document

DCC tools

Import/Export Fast Path Viewer

3rd party tools Assets script App. data

COLLADA Schema Validation Refinery Conversion

Final asset Application

3dsMax XSI Application Development Maya … DCC tools

to Game Engine FXComposer COLLADA

to Google Earth Physics editor

Refinery to X3D

Flux Studio Flux Player

SwirlX3D Studio

Xj3D Toolkit WireFusion X3D Asset Creation … X3D Players … Publishing Tools

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 10 11..44..xx FFeeaattuurreess • Mesh Geometry • Transform hierarchy (rotation, translation, shear, scale, matrix) • Materials • Textures • Shader programs (Cg, GLSL, GLES) • Shader effects (FX) • Lights • Cameras • Skinning / bones • Animation • Physics (rigid bodies, constraints, rag dolls, collision volumes) • Instancing • Techniques • Multi-representations • Assets • User data

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 11 DDooccuummeennttaattiioonn •COLLADA Schema is the master document - Tools can help humans to read it – XMLspy (free personal edition) - Schema is XML, no need to learn another language - Auto-generate the COLLADA-DOM front end API and documentation - Leverage Schema language as much as we can - Design schema with this in mind (strongly typed …)

•COLLADA Specification - pdf format, available in English and Japanese - 298 pages - Tools requirements - Additional rules not encoded in the Schema - Count element has to be equal to the number of values in an array

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 13 CCOOLLLLAADDAA DDOOMM aanndd RReeffiinneerryy •COLLADA DOM – read, write, access data - In place data access – avoid costly data duplication - Front-end generated automatically from Schema (C++) - Back-end as plug-in – libxml backend, database backend •COLLADA Refinery – processing content framework - User interface to create the conditioning pipeline - C++ conditioners can be combined - Batch mode for execution in the build process •Open source, MIT license, source-forge distribution •Other open-source projects - FCOLLADA – higher level library, used by 3dsMax and Maya import/export - COLLADA RT – example COLLADA viewer - COLLADA CFX – FX loader for Cg shader (companion to RT) - COLLADA FX: Cg to GLSL – Automatically convert from one delivery platform to another

User provided Content is key to the future of most applications. COLLADA adoption by free and low cost tools as a significant impact. More and more games and application will enable users to add content using COLLADA technology

Frictional Games (www.frictionalgames.com) Example COLLADA MOD !

•Virtual Berlin, 44,000 buildings (Berlin Senate and Berlin Partner GmbH – Google Earth)

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 17 CCoonntteenntt ddaattaabbaasseess oonn tthhee wweebb •3D Warehouse (sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse) - Thousands of objects, IKEA catalog … - License: worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual license to use, copy … •Teapotters (www.teapotters.com) - Input many formats, automatic conversion, 3D viewer plug-in - License: worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive license to use, distribute, reproduce… •Daz (www.daz3d.com) - Skinned, morphed models available for a bargain - Plenty of other high resolution models

Current situation of expensive models, available in DCC proprietary format is about to change.

•Bullet engine by Erwin Coumans – Open source rigid body engine using COLLADA Physics

•Getting closer to a Physics editor tool usable in content production

•COLLADA brings ‘textures’ to GE 3D models - Also brings animation, physics, shaders…. that are not yet implemented in GE - Moving to dymamic virtual world, from static world •house.kmz – a zip archive - house.kml – geospatial and google earth specific information - models/ - house.dae – COLLADA 3D model - textures/ - Images used for the COLLADA model

51.515803220526

20.039941014546 0 0 0 1 1 1

models/LondonHouse.dae

© Copyright Khronos Group, 2007 - Page 26 EEppiilloogg •We have established COLLADA as an important and growing technology for the video game industry. • Its success has made it an attractive technology to other market sectors such as GIS, motion pictures, and CAD. • In hindsight we can see by COLLADA's rapid adoption rate that all developer communities really do appreciate the freedom, empowerment, and cost reductions provided by an open standard format that is well supported by the leading tool vendors in their industry.

•For more information, please visit - www.collada.org - www.khronos.org/collada - Email: [email protected]