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Minnesota Statutes 1979 Supplement
MINNESOTA STATUTES 1979 SUPPLEMENT 152.01 PROHIBITED DRUGS CHAPTER 152. PROHIBITED DRUGS Sec. 152.01 Definitions. 152.02 Schedules of controlled substances; admin istration of chapter. 152.01 Definitions. [For text of subds 1 to 8, see M.S.1978] Subd. 9. Marijuana. "Marijuana" means all parts of the plant of any species of the genus Cannabis, including all agronomical varieties, whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin, but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mix ture, or preparation of such mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom, fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination. [For text of subds 10 to 17, see M.S.1978] [ 1979 c 157 s 1 ] 152.02 Schedules of controlled substances; administration of chapter. [For text of subd 1, see M.S.1978) Subd. 2. The following items are listed in Schedule I: (1) Any of the following substances, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the exis tence of such isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical des ignation: Acetylmethadol; Allylprodine; Alphacetylmethadol; Alphameprodine; Alpham- ethadol; Benzethidine; Betacetylmethadol; Betameprodine; Betamethadol; Betaprodine; Clonitazene; Dextromoramide; Dextrorphan; Diampromide; Diethyliambutene; Dime- noxadol; Dimepheptanol; Dimethyliambutene; Dioxaphetyl butyrate; Dipipanone; Ethylmethylthiambutene; Etonitazene; Etoxeridine; Furethidine; Hydroxypethidine; Ke- tobemidone; Levomoramide; Levophenacylmorphan; Morpheridine; Noracymethadol; Norlevorphanol; Normethadone; Norpipanone; Phenadoxone; Phenampromide; Pheno- morphan; Phenoperidine; Piritramide; Proheptazine; Properidine; Racemoramide; Tri meperidine. -
Review of Psilocybin/Psilocin Pharmacology Isaac Dehart
Review of Psilocybin/Psilocin Pharmacology Isaac DeHart Introduction Psilocybin (PY, 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine or O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine) (Figure 1, 1) is an indolamine (Figure 1, 2), and the primary ingredient in magic mushrooms. It has been implicated as a treatment for a number of psychological ailments including depression, general anxiety disorder, various addictions, obsessive- compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.1–4 Because of the drug’s re-emerging relevance in clinical applications, and because of its distinctive and informative effects on brain function, it is important to understand the pharmacology and general chemistry underlying its metabolism. Psilocybin is a prodrug of psilocin Magic mushrooms, the natural source of psilocybin may refer to several different hallucination-causing fungi, but the most potent of these are found in the genus Psilocybe. When ingested, magic mushrooms cause “trips,” wherein a user experiences euphoria, colorful hallucinations, and changes in perception, cognition and mood. In the case of “bad trips,” a user may experience states of intense panic or paranoia.5,6 More generally, these trips are sometimes described in terms of psychotic states, and behavioral studies involving psilocybin have demonstrated similarities between the effects of psilocybin and schizophrenia both in subjective experience and in physiological response.7 While psilocybin is more widely known as the cause behind these effects, it is referred to by researchers as a prodrug, -
Specificity of the Antibody Receptor Site to D-Lysergamide
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 68, No. 7, pp. 1483-1487, July 1971 Specificity of the Antibody Receptor Site to D-Lysergamide: Model of a Physiological Receptor for Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (molecular structure/hallucinogenic/rabbit/guinea pig/psychotomimetic) HELEN VAN VUNAKIS, JOHN T. FARROW, HILDA B. GJIKA, AND LAWRENCE LEVINE Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154 Commnunicated by Francis 0. Schmitt, April 21, 1971 ABSTRACT Antibodies to D-lysergic acid have been amine, and NN-dimethyl-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylethylamine produced in rabbits and guinea pigs and a radioimmuno- were the generous gifts of Dr. W. E. Scott of Hoffmann-La assay for the hapten was developed. The specificity of this Iysergamide-antilysergamide reaction was determined by Roche. DOM (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine) was competitive binding with unlabeled lysergic acid diethyl- given to us by Dr. S. H. Snyder of Johns Hopkins Univer- amnide (LSD), psychotomimetic drugs, neurotransmitters, sity. Sandoz Pharmaceuticals provided us with ergonovine, and other compounds with diverse structures. LSD and methylergonovine, ergosine, and ergotomine. LSD tartarate several related ergot alkaloids were potent competitors, three to seven times more potent than lysergic acid itself. powder (Sandoz Batch no. 98601) and psilocybin powder The NN-dimethyl derivatives of several compounds, in- (Sandoz Batch no. 55001) were provided by the U.S. Food and cluding tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 4-hydroxy- Drug Administration and the National Institute of Mental tryptamine, 5-methoxytryptamine, tyramine, and mesca- Health. line, were only about ten times less effective than lysergic Psilocin was obtained by dephosphorylating psilocybin acid, even though these compounds lack some of the ring systems of lysergic acid. -
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 89 / Thursday, May 8, 1997 / Notices
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 89 / Thursday, May 8, 1997 / Notices 25211 factors in Title 21, United States Code, Sched- Sched- Section 823(a) and determined that the Drug ule Drug ule registration of Pharmacia & Upjohn Company to manufacture 2,5- Betamethadol (9609) ....................... I Morphine (9300) .............................. II Dimethoxyamphetamine is consistent Norlevorphanol (9634) .................... I Para-Fluorofentanyl (9812) ............. I The firm plans to manufacture small with the public interest at this time. Alpha-methylfentanyl (9814) ........... I Therefore, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 823 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl (9815) I quantities of the listed controlled and 28 CFR 0.100 and 0.104, the Acting Beta-hydroxyfentanyl (9830) ........... I substances for incorporation in drug of Deputy Assistant Administrator, Office Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl I abuse detection kits. of Diversion Control, hereby orders that (9831). Any other such applicant and any the application submitted by the above Alpha-Methylthiofentanyl (9832) ..... I person who is presently registered with firm for registration as a bulk 3-Methylthiofentanyl (9833) ............. I DEA to manufacture such substances Thiofentanyl (9835) ......................... I manufacturer of the basic class of Phenmetrazine (1631) ..................... II may file comments or objections to the controlled substance listed above is Glutethimide (2550) ......................... II issuance of the above application. granted. Cocaine (9041) ................................ II Any such comments or objections Dated: March 31, 1997. Codeine (9050) ............................... II may be addressed, in quintuplicate, to Terrance W. Woodworth, Levomethorphan (9210) .................. II the Acting Deputy Assistant Levorphanol (9220) ......................... II Acting Deputy Assistant Administrator, Office Administrator, Office of Diversion of Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Control, Drug Enforcement Administration. No comments or objections have been received. -
And a Strop Haria Species and the Detection of Psilocybin
------------------------------------------------ Blueing in Conocybe, Psilocybe, and a Strop haria Species and the Detection of Psilocybin R. G. BENEDICT, V. E. TYLER' AND R. VVATLING' (Drug Plant Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle 98105 and 2Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland) TAXONOMya PSILOCYBE AND STROPHARIA It is now a familiar observation that stropharioid fungi which in fresh specimens stain naturally blue or blue-green at the base of the stipe and often completely blue to the stipe apex when handled may contain the hallucinogenic drugs psilo- cybin and/or psilocin or closely related compounds. This generalization has re- sulted from the now well-documented work on the Psilocybe spp. used by Mexican Indians (18) in religious rituals and from subsequent studies on related species. The correlation between staining and the occurrence of active constituents was of particular interest since one of us (R. W.) had successfully cultured Stropharia fimetaria Orton, a fungus described fairly recently from Scotland, and noticed that some of the carpophores developed a very noticeable bluish green stain. Indeed Orton (10) himself mentions this fact in the original description. Materials of both the type and of carpophores grown in sterile culture from basidiospores of the type were analysed for the presence of hallucinogenic principles; results as will be shown below were positive. Orton pointed out that S. timet-aria was described in Stropharia in order to fall into line with the ,Yew Check List of British Agan:cs and Boleti (:3), but some char- acteristics would place it in Psilocybe. The absence of chrysocystidia, the presence of long cucurbitiform to lageniform cheilocystidia, and now the presence of psilo- cybin are three factors which favour the transference of this fungus to the genus Psilocybe. -
Drugs of Abuseon September Archived 13-10048 No
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION WWW.DEA.GOV 9, 2014 on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited Drugs of2011 Abuse EDITION A DEA RESOURCE GUIDE V. Narcotics WHAT ARE NARCOTICS? Also known as “opioids,” the term "narcotic" comes from the Greek word for “stupor” and originally referred to a variety of substances that dulled the senses and relieved pain. Though some people still refer to all drugs as “narcot- ics,” today “narcotic” refers to opium, opium derivatives, and their semi-synthetic substitutes. A more current term for these drugs, with less uncertainty regarding its meaning, is “opioid.” Examples include the illicit drug heroin and pharmaceutical drugs like OxyContin®, Vicodin®, codeine, morphine, methadone and fentanyl. WHAT IS THEIR ORIGIN? The poppy papaver somniferum is the source for all natural opioids, whereas synthetic opioids are made entirely in a lab and include meperidine, fentanyl, and methadone. Semi-synthetic opioids are synthesized from naturally occurring opium products, such as morphine and codeine, and include heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone. Teens can obtain narcotics from friends, family members, medicine cabinets, pharmacies, nursing 2014 homes, hospitals, hospices, doctors, and the Internet. 9, on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited What are common street names? Street names for various narcotics/opioids include: ➔ Hillbilly Heroin, Lean or Purple Drank, OC, Ox, Oxy, Oxycotton, Sippin Syrup What are their forms? Narcotics/opioids come in various forms including: ➔ T ablets, capsules, skin patches, powder, chunks in varying colors (from white to shades of brown and black), liquid form for oral use and injection, syrups, suppositories, lollipops How are they abused? ➔ Narcotics/opioids can be swallowed, smoked, sniffed, or injected. -
Test Purchase of New Synthetic Tryptamines Via the Internet: Identity Check by GC-MS and Separation by HPLC
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 (01), pp. 028-034, January, 2016 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2016.600105 ISSN 2231-3354 Test purchase of new synthetic tryptamines via the Internet: Identity check by GC-MS and separation by HPLC Magdalena Taschwer, Edith Ebner, Martin G Schmid* Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria. ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO Article history: Over the past few years, a continuous alteration of the recreational drug market took place. Among other novel Received on: 25/09/2015 psychoactive drugs, new synthetic tryptamine derivatives appeared on the market. These compounds are mainly Revised on: 18/10/2015 traded via the Internet, which has become an important marketplace for the sale of recreational drugs. The goal of Accepted on: 08/11/2015 our research was to check, if 13 new synthetic tryptamines obtained by test purchase via different online vendors Available online: 26/01/2016 meet the promised identity. Analysis was performed by GC-MS, using a common 30 m HP-5MS capillary column as stationary phase. Subsequently, a simple HPLC method for the separation of these tryptamines was Key words: developed. Therefore, the aim was to establish a method to separate a broad spectrum of trypamines Tryptamines, Legal highs, simultaneously within short time. Measurements were performed by a LiChrospher® RP-18e column and a Novel psychoactive drugs, mobile phase consisting of 0.1% triethylammonium acetate buffer, methanol and acetonitrile. Both presented HPLC, GC-MS. methods were found to be suitable for the identification as well as separation of tryptamines as the analysis times were short and the selectivity sufficient. -
Chapter 329 [New] Uniform Controlled Substances Act
CHAPTER 329 [NEW] UNIFORM CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT Part I. General Provisions Section 329-1 Definitions 329-2 Hawaii advisory commission on drug abuse and controlled substances; number; appointment 329-3 Annual report 329-4 Duties of the commission Part II. Standards and Schedules 329-11 Authority to schedule controlled substances 329-12 Nomenclature 329-13 Schedule I tests 329-14 Schedule I 329-15 Schedule II tests 329-16 Schedule II 329-17 Schedule III Tests 329-18 Schedule III 329-19 Schedule IV tests 329-20 Schedule IV 329-21 Schedule V tests 329-22 Schedule V 329-23 Republishing and distribution of schedules Part III. Regulation of Manufacture, Distribution, Prescription, and Dispensing of Controlled Substances 329-31 Rules 329-31.5 Clinics 329-32 Registration requirements 329-33 Registration 329-34 Revocation and suspension of registration 329-35 Order to show cause 329-36 Records of registrants 329-37 Filing requirements 329-38 Prescriptions 329-39 Labels 329-40 Methadone treatment programs Part IV. Offenses and Penalties 329-41 Prohibited acts B-penalties 329-42 Prohibited acts C-penalties 329-43 Penalties under other laws 329-43.5 Prohibited acts related to drug paraphernalia Amended 0612 1 329-44 Notice of conviction to be sent to licensing board, department of commerce and consumer affairs 329-45 Repealed 329-46 Prohibited acts related to visits to more than one practitioner to obtain controlled substance prescriptions 329-49 Administrative penalties 329-50 Injunctive relief Part V. Enforcement and Administrative Provisions 329-51 Powers of enforcement personnel 329-52 Administrative inspections 329-53 Injunctions 329-54 Cooperative arrangements and confidentiality 329-55 Forfeitures 329-56 Burden of proof; liabilities 329-57 Judicial review 329-58 Education and research 329-59 Controlled substance registration revolving fund; established Part VI. -
Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans
molecules Review Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans Paul Cumming 1,2,* , Milan Scheidegger 3 , Dario Dornbierer 3, Mikael Palner 4,5,6 , Boris B. Quednow 3,7 and Chantal Martin-Soelch 8 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bern University Hospital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland 2 School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia 3 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (D.D.); [email protected] (B.B.Q.) 4 Odense Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; [email protected] 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark 6 Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 7 Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, CH-8058 Zurich, Switzerland 8 Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Abstract: Hallucinogens are a loosely defined group of compounds including LSD, N,N- dimethyltryptamines, mescaline, psilocybin/psilocin, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methamphetamine (DOM), Citation: Cumming, P.; Scheidegger, which can evoke intense visual and emotional experiences. We are witnessing a renaissance of re- M.; Dornbierer, D.; Palner, M.; search interest in hallucinogens, driven by increasing awareness of their psychotherapeutic potential. Quednow, B.B.; Martin-Soelch, C. As such, we now present a narrative review of the literature on hallucinogen binding in vitro and Molecular and Functional Imaging ex vivo, and the various molecular imaging studies with positron emission tomography (PET) or Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT). -
Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation No
DECISION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION NO. 681 OF JUNE 30, 1998 ON THE APPROVAL OF THE LIST OF NARCOTIC DRUGS, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR PRECURSORS THAT SHALL BE SUBJECT TO CONTROL IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION In accordance with the Federal Law on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 1998, No. 2, item 219) the Government of the Russian Federation resolves: To approve the annexed enumeration of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors that shall be subject to control in the Russian Federation. To establish that the amendment of the said enumeration shall be carried out on presentation of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation jointly with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Sergey Kirienko Enumeration of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Their Precursors That Shall Be Subject to Control in the Russian Federation (Approved by the Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 681 of June 30, 1998) List of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Whose Circulation in the Russian Federation Is Prohibited in Accordance with the Legislation of the Russian Federation and the International Treaties of the Russian Federation (List I) List of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Whose Circulation in the Russian Federation Is Restricted and in Whose Respect Control Measures Shall Be Established in Accordance with the Legislation of -
2005 House Bill Text for HB0713
AN ACT RELATING TO CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES; MAKING IT A CRIME TO DISTRIBUTE CERTAIN RAPE DRUGS WITHOUT THE RECIPIENT'S KNOWLEDGE; PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR DISTRIBUTING A RAPE DRUG WITHOUT THE RECIPIENT'S KNOWLEDGE AND FOR POSSESSION OF RAPE DRUGS; RECONCILING MULTIPLE AMENDMENTS TO LAWS 1990. BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO: Section 1. Section 30-31-1 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1972, Chapter 84, Section 1) is amended to read: "30-31-1. SHORT TITLE.--Chapter 30, Article 31 NMSA 1978 may be cited as the "Controlled Substances Act"." Section 2. Section 30-31-6 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1972, Chapter 84, Section 6, as amended) is amended to read: "30-31-6. SCHEDULE I.--The following controlled substances are included in Schedule I: A. any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, unless specifically exempted, whenever the existence of these isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: (1) acetylmethadol; (2) allylprodine; (3) alphacetylmethadol; (4) alphameprodine; HB 713 Page 1 (5) alphamethadol; (6) benzethidine; (7) betacetylmethadol; (8) betameprodine; (9) betamethadol; (10) betaprodine; (11) clonitazene; (12) dextromoramide; (13) dextrorphan; (14) diampromide; (15) diethylthiambutene; (16) dimenoxadol; (17) dimepheptanol; (18) dimethylthiambutene; (19) dioxaphetyl butyrate; (20) dipipanone; (21) ethylmethylthiambutene; (22) etonitazene; (23) etoxeridine; (24) furethidine; (25) hydroxypethidine; (26) ketobemidone; (27) levomoramide; (28) levophenacylmorphan; (29) morpheridine; HB 713 Page 2 (30) noracymethadol; (31) norlevorphanol; (32) normethadone; (33) norpipanone; (34) phenadoxone; (35) phenampromide; (36) phenomorphan; (37) phenoperidine; (38) piritramide; (39) proheptazine; (40) properidine; (41) racemoramide; and (42) trimeperidine; B. -
0 Cover Part Two\374
PART TWO DEUXIÈME PARTIE SEGUNDA PARTE ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ 第二部分 ЧАСТЬ ВТΟΡАЯ - (...), [...] - (-)-3-hidroxi-N- (-)-(2R)-N-méthyl-1- fenacilmorfinán → Levophenacyl-morphan phénylpropan-2-amine → Levometamfetamine (-)-3-hidroxi-N- (-)-(3S,6R)-6- metilmorfinán → Levorphanol (dimethylamino)-4,4- (-)-3-hydroksymorfinan → Norlevorphanol diphenyl-3-heptanol → Betamethadol (-)-3-hydroksy-N- (-)-(3S,6R)-6- fenacylmorfinan → Levophenacyl-morphan (dimethylamino)-4,4- (-)-3-hydroksy-N- diphenyl-3-heptanol metylmorfinan → Levorphanol acetate (ester) → Betacetylmethadol (-)-3-hydroxymorphinan → Norlevorphanol (-)-(5R)-4,5-epoxy-3- (-)-3-hydroxy-N- methoxy-9α-methyl methylmorphinan → Levorphanol → Thebacon morphin-6-en-6-yl acetate (-)-3-hydroxynormorphinan → Norlevorphanol (-)-(5R,6S)-3-benzyloxy-4,5- (-)-3-hydroxy-N- epoxy-9a-methylmorphin- phenacylmorphinan → Levophenacyl-morphan 7-en-6-yl myristate → Myrophine (-)-3-hydroxytropane-2- (-)-(5R,6S)-4,5-epoxy carboxylat → Ecgonine morphin-7-en-3,6-diol → Normorphine (-)-3-idrossi-N- (-)-(5R,6S,14S)-4,5-epoxy- metilmorfinano → Levorphanol 14-hydroxy-3-methoxy- (-)-3-methoxy-N- 9a-methylmorphinan-6- methylmorphinan → Levomethorphan one → Oxycodone (-)-3-metil-2,2-difenil-4- (-)-(R)-4,5-epoxy-3- morfolinbutirilpirrolidina → Levomoramide methoxy-9a-methyl (-)-3-metoksy-N- morphinan-6-one → Hydrocodone metylmorfinan → Levomethorphan (-)-(R)-6-(dimethylamino)- (-)-3-metossi-N-metil- 4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone → l-methadone morfinano → Levomethorphan (-)-(R)-N,α-dimethyl (-)-3-metoxi-N- phenethylamine → Levometamfetamine