Amaican Foreign 35C

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The Motion Picture CAMERA Magazine

Tony Gaudio, Winner of Academy’s Photographic Award

Published in Hollywood, by April, 1937 American Society ol Cinematographers Du Pont Film Manufacturing Corporation 35 WEST 45th STREET SMITH & ALLER, LTD.

NEW YORK CITY 6656 .. SANTA MONICA BLVD.

PLANT . . . PARLIN, N. J. HOLLYWOOD, CAL. April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 129 AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER

A Technical and Educational publication of motion picture photography.

Published monthly by the AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CINEMATOGRAPHERS, INC. 1782 N. Orange Drive Hollywood, California

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JOHN ARNOLD. President, A.S.C. FRED JACKMAN. Treasurer, A.S.C.

Vol. 18 April, 1937 No. 4

What to Read

HITTIN' the Trail By George Blaisdell J3l

FRANK LLOYD Hails Men of Camera 132

DODD TELLS of New Sunspot 134 The Staff A.S.C. OPENS New Home 136 EDITOR

JACKMAN Returns to Business 137 George Blaisdell

TECHNICAL EDITOR MITCHELL Announces New Sound Emery Huse, A. S. C. Recorder I3g ADVISORY TONY GAUDIO Wins Camera Honors 139 EDITORIAL BOARD Victor Milner, A. S. C. James Van Trees, A. A.S.C. MEMBERS on Parade 140 S. C. Fred Jackman, A. S. C.

Farciot Edouart, A. S. C.

ART REEVES Introduces All-Purpose Fred Gage, A. S. C.

Developer Dr. J. S. Watson, A. S. C. i 42 Dr. L. A. Jones, A. S. C.

Dr. C. E. K. Mees, A. S. DOUGLAS SHEARER C. and M-G-M Dr. W. B. Rayton, A. S. C. Honored by Academy Board 145 Dr. Herbert Meyer, A. S. C. Dr. V. B. Sease, A. S. C. ADVERTISING

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ESTABLISHED 1918. Advertising Rates on application Neither the American Cinematographer nor Subscription; U.S. $2.50 a year; Canada. $3.50 a year; the American Society of Cinematographers Foreign. $3.50 a year. Single copies, 25c; back num- is responsible bers, 30c. Foreign single copies. 35c; back numbers, for statements made by au- 40c. COPYRIGHT 1937 by American Society of thors. This magazine will not be responsible Cinematographers, Inc. for unsolici'-ed manuscripts. . —— .

[ AN ANNOUNCEMENT ON EYEMO

eeping pace with cinematographers’ 5 Every Eyemo is now equipped with a vi- K changing requirements, the Bell & Howell brationless high speed governor in the mech- instead of in the camera line2. of Eyemo 3 5 mm. Cameras now incorpo- anism compartment speed, rates, as standard design, five important im- head. This provides great accuracy of provements: faster pickup, and extreme ruggedness in 3. new Eyemo catalog is being pre- 1 Every Eyemo Camera is now regularly operation. A equipped with a hand crank. These cameras pared. Write today for your copy. can, therefore, expose a full hundred feet of film4. without stopping to wind the spring motor. Every Eyemo now includes sound speed 24 frames per second — in its range of operating speeds. This includes even the lowest priced models. Every Eyemo adapted for motor drive is now so accurately machined that motors can be purchased later and installed by the owner —or motors may be interchanged with other Eyemos. All save the lowest priced Eyemo are now normally equipped with the S.M.P.E. standard sound aperture plate, and with a matching drum-type variable viewfinder. BELL & HOWELL COMPANY CHICAGO— 1848 Larchmont Avenue • NEW YORK 11 West 42d Street • HOLLYWOOD— 716 North LaBrea Avenue • 14 Great Castle Street, LONDON, W.l

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newsreel cameras at the ends of ERFECTION in image and definition . . . and from the Pthese are words which particularly apply the earth. Most of them were Cooke shots. For formulated to Cooke cine lenses. these truly modern lenses were not days of Super X, Bipack, and Tech- Check back over the best shots of the year, the before the nicolor. They were ground to meet modern best pictures that have come out of Hollywood fast pan and color requirements — and that’s why they are turning in clear, crisp negatives wherever they are used. Taylor-Hobson Cooke F 2 Speed Panchros are available in focal lengths of 24, 35, 40, 50, 75, 100, and 108 mm. The super-fast 58 mm. F 1.3 Cooke Special Speed Panchro gives a beautifully crisp image. And new Cooke 50 mm. and 75 mm. F2.8 Panfos offer the Panchro type of correction. For full information on these lenses, write for a copy of the new T-H C lens circular. BELL & HOWELL COMPANY CHICAGO— 1848 Larchmont Avenue • NEW YORK- 11 West 42d Street • HOLLYWOOD— 7 16 North LaBrea Avenue • 14 Great Castle Street, LONDON, W.l — —

April, 1937 ® American Cinematographer 131

HITTIN' THE TRAIL

By George Blaisdell

F. H. A. Making Pictures in the lap of George Jessel. In this master of ceremonies thing he has got a mass of stuff on the ball. N A letter from J. M. (“Jim”) Loughborough, former newspaper man now with the Federal Housing Adminis- I tration, W€i are told that bureau has been doing some Clamping Down Lid splendid work in behalf not only of the picture theatre NE OF Los Angeles’ amateur motion picture clubs owners but also studio persons in general. Already there has moved to bring about a reduction in its member- has been issued a series of nine short subjects, “Better O ship and another one already is discussing doing that Housing News Flashes.” Certifying the quality of the same thing. It is to the man on the outside a strange entertainment value of these shorts are the 46,0(K) play- situation. Here is a hobby—for surely it is to speak no dates already registered. Produced by Pathe News, they ill of an endeavor so to refer to it—that if it be not new have gone right up and down the line, from Radio City at least is not old, yet the Los Angeles Cine Club has Music Hall to the tank towns. undergoing enactment a rule that will make ICO members “Theatre managers are very glad to get these pictures,” the maximum. When that point is reached no more ap- writes J. M., “because audiences like them and the theatre plications will be accepted until the total membership has people are anxious to cooperate with the Government in receded below 75. showing persons of moderate means how they may own At the February meeting of the 8mm Club the auditori- their own homes under the Federal Housing Administra- um of the Bell and Howell Building in La Brea avenue tion plan.” was so crowded by members and their guests it was necessary to bring in more chairs. The organization at that time had attained a membership of seventy-seven, having It’s a Big Show added a dozen since the first of the year. Six more were he gathering of the motion picture clan at the reported at the March meeting. Biltmore on the evening of March 4 was the big event The whole situation turns on the seating capacity of T available auditoriums, adaptable for the projection of mo- in the life of the motion picture in California for the tion pictures. The Eastman Theatre, at 6706 Santa Moni- year. As a function of size, of importance, it tops a ca, while a world gem in luxuriance and equipment, never schedule wider than that of California. It seems hardly was designed to seat to advantage more than a few dozen possible there is anything motionpicturewise to be com- at the most. pared with it in the rest of the United States nor for that And so it is the movie boys and girls for they are all matter in the world. — young in spirit and in outlook—have come to the point Blase indeed would be the spectator who could have where in self-defense they may have to put up the bars. looked in on that glamorous scene at midnight on March And, too, they probably will have to keep them up until 4 without being moved. No screen could attempt an arie- such time as arrangements shall be made either through quate delineation of the life and power so patently visi’^U public or private enterprise to provide them with halls to an observer standing bv the entrance and casting his large enough to accommodate the throngs that seem to be eyes first the right then away to the far to extreme and surging their way. left and back and forth across the auditorium’s width. Of course, the answer is when the would-be Joiners be- • come insistent more clubs will be provided.

ft Certainly it was a show. Present were showmen, too. There were men and women who wrote the s^ows and the Stern Drama men and women who made them. There were veterans T WAS quite some time ago, as time around motion pic- of twentv-five years, men like Zukor. for examnle, among tures is reckoned—it must have been 1920 or parlie’- the producers, and like Tonv Gaudio. A.S.C., among I men when Louis Reeves Harrison, a writer on the old Moving the cameramen despite being veterans still are —men who Picture World, walked in on his associates raving about doing the best work of their lives and of the industry. the performance of a young girl in a picture he had just As for Tony, more power to his judgement on lights seen. The next time he came in—he rarely wrote his stuff and shadows, to the keenness of his eye for details of com- in the office—he brought in a review glowing with praise position. and to his “infinite capacity for taking pains” for Francine Larrimore. which latter, after all, is best definition yet the conceived In the intervening years this reporter often has seen for genius. this name, usually in association with plays and the stage, Present and on the rostrum were luminaries in the but never until this month did it happen he had an op- fields of music and mirth,—we give you Stokowski and portunity to see the work of the woman over whom as a Jessel; of science and business—and we give you De For- girl Harrison had raved in an earlier day. rest and Louis fields technical Mayer: and in the of the Miss Larrimore portrays the title part in Paramount’s like Hal Rosson, color — A.S C., for instance, for his “John Meade’s Woman.” As in the opening scenes we photography divisions. —and professional followed the brilliant characterization of the farm girl’s Before leaving this great occasion—and less than great dull existence we thought of Harrison and his praise. As proportionatelv in tho eves and minds of those satiated the story developed, as the blunt farm girl came to love with spectacular comings and goings—let’s drop an orchid Continued on Pajre 171 132 American Cinematographer ® April, 1937 FRANK LLOYD HAILS MEN OF CAMERA

tion are as keen as at any time in rank LLOYD paid rare tribute Pays Cinematographers the preceding twenty-three years. In to the men behind the camera fact, his friends are certain his great- F when speaking for the Academy Unusual Tribute When est work is yet to come. at its annual awards he made the pres- Bearing out the claim of genius for entation of the photographic trophy He Presents Academy's preparation ascribed to the director to Tony Gaudio, A.S.C. by these same friends were a couple “I was mighty glad a director was Award to Tony Gaudio of letters that came to the maker of called upon to make the award to the “Maid of Salem” the day this reporter cameraman for the best photography, 12 last in Pantages was in his office. One of these was as I felt that no one could appreciate previewed March from the secretary of the Essex In- the work of a camei’aman like a direct- here in Hollywood; Tony Gaudio, stitute of Salem, the society which or,” began this youngish looking vet- Glenn Mac Williams and Leo Tover. speaks with official authority in all eran who for twenty-three years has One of the more notable facts in matters historical in Northeastern sat alongside the cameras and guided connection with Frank Lloyd’s work Massachusetts—and has done so for the making of many of the biggest as a director is that across the twenty- generations. productions to come to the screen. three years he has made pictures but The two letters are illuminative of The director was addressing twelve a single subject of his ever was pro- the critical examination expended hundred diners—diners who, being duced outside of Hollywood. The ex- upon the work of a director by per- human beings, and also being in holi- ception was the great “Les Mis- sons expert in the subject touched day mood, felt like talking themselves. erables,” a Fox production which be- upon, persons of unusual knowledge in Even more than that, they were talk- sides bringing orchids to the director certain directions who keenly resent ing. added to the fame of William Farnum errors of omission or commission on There was sudden silence as the in the part of Jean Valjean. the part of picturemakers. So, too, director began his brief presentation. It was released in January, 1918, it seems sometimes they are quick to There was deep interest and close at- and ranked as one of the best of the praise one who engages in research, tention as he continued. year. who takes heed of the old admonition “The cameraman and the director As a motion picture the subject of Davey Crockett. work together on the story from its shared honors with Pathe’s prior “Yesterday I saw the first showing inception to its end,” Mr. Lloyd went adaptation of the same story featuring of ‘Maid of Salem,’ here in Salem,” on, “and if the two are in sympathy Henri Krauss, a screen drama that writes Howard Corning, secretary of with one another the cameraman very at the time of its making outranked the Institute, under date of March often enhances the dramatic value of by and large all that had preceded it. 6, “and I hasten to congratulate you on a scene by his sympathetic lighting. It had an unusually long run in New your success. As an interpretation “The cameraman is one of the un- York—and in an atmosphere decidedly of the particular incident and as a sung heroes of the industry, and it is unusual up to that time for pictures representation of the settlement at the too bad that only once a year are we —Carnegie Hall. time, it seems to me to be admirably able to acknowledge to the public at It may be interesting to note that done, not merely in the general as- large the great importance of this par- Krauss is now being seen in the latest pect but in the details. I have heard ticular contributor to the making of a French version of “Les Miserables,” nothing but praise, and wish to con- motion picture. appearing twenty years after as the gratulate you again.” “I consider this recognition of cine- Bishop. Indicating his rank among his fel- matography one of the most impor- Children Sit Tense tant awards of the year.” lows and his relative position as judged by the members of the Acad- One of the substantial citizens of Recalls Cameramen emy it may be pointed out that Frank Salem with whom Mr. Lloyd consulted In a chat in his office on the Para- Lloyd has won two Academy awards prior to the making of the picture was mount lot a week following the pres- for directing, sharing honors in that Willis H. Ropes, who like Mr. Com- entation of the awards Director Lloyd respect only with Frank Capra. ing saw the subject on the screen recalled thirteen cameramen who had These awards were given for “Di- March 5 and promptly wrote his com- worked with him. Every one is vine Lady,” in 1928-9, in which year ments on the day following. He ex- listed on the rolls of the American also was directed “Weary River” and pressed his keen appreciation of the Society of Cinematographers. “Drag,” and for “Cavalcade,” in picture as a whole. The first to be named was William 1932-3. Mr. Ropes saw the production in C. (“Billy”) Foster, now deceased; the afternoon. In the house were Last Picture a Hit Gilbert Warrenton, J. D. (“Dev”) Jen- hundreds of “restless children,” gath- nings, Norbert F. Brodine, Victor Mr. Lloyd’s last picture was “Maid ered for a Laurel and Hardy picture. Milner, Arthur Edeson, John F. of Salem,” now well enough on its “As soon as the ‘Maid’ began,” says the Seitz, Ernest Palmer, Ernest Haller, way to give abundant assurance the writer, “they were still as mice. . . Hal Mohr, whose “When Love Is director’s judgment and capacity for It was tense all through until the Young,” his first directing effort, was selection and preparation and execu- splendid climax. April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 133

“My wife was, my children are, them he said something about the you began twenty-three years ago.” descended from two men who were longer the better. I recrossed the ave- “M—m,” replied the director. “Now hanged and from the brother of nue to the World office and sat me you are asking me something. Let

1 Rebecca Nurse and Mary Estey, hence down to the old mill. I was so full of me see, there are Bob Leonard, Jack my deep interest.” the pictures, particularly of the young Conway, Sid Franklin—surely not It will gratify the friends of Mr. lawyer and his plea in defense of more than half a dozen. It was soon

I Lloyd to know the last of his pic- Madame X, my memos became letters after that Frank Borzage shifted from ' tures has received unusual praise from of upward of a thousand words in acting to directing. Bob Leonard and in England, it ; the press where opened each instance as I now recall. I then were the youngsters. Now we in London February 17. The major “I sent the result to Block. Long are the veterans.” press in New York and the East gen- after I learned the two letters im- “Just one more question,” persisted erally had been of the same opinion. mediately were put on the wire for the reporter. “In these twenty-three To the middle of March it had av- Hollywood, where the smart S. G. got years what has been your average of eraged 130 to 135 percent over the a fresh viewpoint on two pictures production — I mean how many a country. that he believed good and wanted to year?” Still Likes “Mme. X” know what someone else thought. If A broad grin came over the face of he happened to for rave The director was asked to name be hoping a the director. “Well, you know the first some of his more popular pictures, as he got it—twice.” year I made fifty-two—all single- The director smiled. “Yes,” he reelers,” he might recall them. Speaking off he explained. “After that hand, he mentioned “Sea Hawk,” agreed, “that is interesting. Incident- there may have been around four or photographed by Norbert Brodine; ally also it may be of interest now five a year until about 1920. Then 1 picture in “Divine Lady,” John Seitz; “Son of to know the was made they began to slow down to one and twenty-two days.” half or year. the Gods,” one of the first to be made a two a “Pictures become more and more ex- with sound, Ernie Haller; “Cavalcade,” Young Frank and Bob Ernie Palmer; “Berkeley Square,” acting all the time, not in one de- John Seitz; “Mutiny on the Bounty,” The sequel is in the Year Book. partment of picturemaking but in all. .\rthur Edeson; “Under Two Flags,” “Madame X” was released by Gold- “Don’t forget tbe evolution of the Ernie Palmer; “Maid of Salem,” Leo wyn October 3, 1920, and “The motion picture, its steady progres- Tover. Penalty” November 21 following. sion, can better be traced through and if will,” the Then the reporter asked the director “Tell me, you asked between the cameraman and the reporter, “who now is directing who director than through any other two i a personal question—which among all was doing that same little thing when departments making motion pictures.” ( of the subjects he had directed were

I the nearest to his owm heart, his par-

I ticular pets, as it might be, regard-

I less of what others might have

1 thought or do think. The director was silent a moment. “Well. I believe,” he said, with de- liberation, “of those of recent date, and speaking of those made with sound, I like ‘Cavalcade.’ Of the silent Frank pictures I am rather fond of ‘Madame X,’ I think I may say I am really fond Lloyd, of it—which by the way was photo-

! graphed by ‘Dev’ Jennings.” for “Now that you speak of ‘Madame ' X’,” remarked this reporter, “that was Over made by Sam Goldwyn?” “It was.” Twenty “You have recalled to me something i that may interest you. Ralph Block, Years present scenario writer, was Gold- I

( wyn’s advertising man w’hen you Director

I made that picture. I was editor of t the Moving Picture World. One day of

I Block dropped in on me and asked me if I would take a look at a couple of Bigger

! pictures—right then. I told him yes. and Private Reviews “We crossed Fifth Avenue to the Better Goldwyn offices and in the presence only of the operator I looked on Ones ‘Madame X’ with Pauline Frederick and a young man whose name it is a ' .shame to let slip after the performance he put on—could it have been I Forrest Stanley?—and then I looked at ‘The Penalty,’ with Lon Chaney. “When the two were finished Ralph asked me if I would write him a memo on my reactions to the pictures. To my inquiry as to how brief he wanted .

134 American Cinematographer • April, 1937 DODD DESCRIBES B-M'S NEW TYPE 24-INCH SUNSPOT By L. E. Dodd, Ph. D. Professor in Charge of Geometrical Optics, Department of Physics,

S WE ALL KNOW, improvement 24s. As an outgrowth of this con- in studio lighting has taken ference the writer was retained as a A great strides in recent years. consultant on light projection prob- What is photographically important lems, pointing especially toward an is that the improvement came in the improvement of the 24. technique of delivering more light, At the outset of such an investiga- with better distribution to the field tion one is confronted with a peculiar- before the cameras. ly complicated problem, characteristic This writer can make no claim to of such an optical system on which practical experience as an operator of wide demands are made. Numerous, light projectors in the studios. He and to a considerable extent conflict- could not but notice, however, on a ing, factors enter into the design and visit to one of the studios in 1935, that performance of a device for projecting in the 24-inch Sunspots (or “inkies,” variable illumination (with reference as they have come to be called, not in- to amount of light and size of field) appropriately) considerable ineffi- that is at the same time, at all work- ciency of performance in two respects, ing distances, desirably controlled as quantity and distribution, still re- to distribution. mained. Firmly believing improvement could These 24s, I am informed, have been be made, research was begun. Analy- and still are, from the standpoint of sis, calculations, and experimentation the studios generally, the best all- under the writer’s general supervision lamps yet developed. For at gradually converged toward an im- Fig. 3—New B-M “Triple-5” 24-inch Sunspot purpose (photograph) least ten years, nevertheless, there provement in design. After many has been no substantial improvement months of activity in the firm’s labora- in its technicians in them. tory, participated by In pairs of curves, A and B, of : Mr. Bardwell, the latter was of the Only at spot is the performance of and Figure 1, the ironing out [

the 24s really satisfactory both as to struck with the idea of combining the notorious black spot in the center of ii intensity and uniformity of distribu- optical parts contained in the inven- the field is seen to be accomplished j tion. But the spot position is used far tion of a new design, the “Triple-5” by the new T-5. It is important, from less often than the flood and partial 24-inch Sunspot. the practical standpoint of perform- flood ranges. Over that range, rather In the latter part of 1936 demon- ance, to note that the intensity of indiscriminately, they have suffered stration units were in the field. A the center of the field has been raised from the limitations mentioned. They patent is now pending. The amount to meet the intensity of the outside have failed to give a really satisfac- of improvement has exceeded that ex- edge. tory degree of uniformity in the dis- pected at the start of the special There is a pronounced smoothness tribution of the light. studies. of the curves by the new design, es- More specifically, they have not While the distribution has been pecially when backed by the metal- yielded enough light in the center of markedly improved, a point discussed lic mirror (Curve A). The compara- later, has been quarter-flood the field, relative to that out 10, 20, in more detail there tive performance at and ^ or more degrees from the center. This ?n increase of approximately 75 per up to spot is essentially similar, ex- will be evident from the comparative cent in total light projected. This cept that in the older lamp with the wide range of focus, from metallic mirror the black spot in the material given in this article. holds over a j In a talk with the writer, Mr. Bard- f ood to quarter-flood. center of the field becomes shallower. ' well of Bardwell & McAlister, Inc., The improvement in central illumi- In Figure 2 the comparative per- ' stated his belief, based on long ex- nation of the field, over the older 5KW formance of the old 24-inch lamp with

perience with studio lighting, that it 24-inch lamp, is evident in detail in the new T-5 is vividly shown by a , was quite practicable to improve the Table I. comparison of photographs of the field in each case. These photographs TABLE I simply confirm the results of detailed Improvement in Performance of the B-M “Triple-5” 24-inch Projector, Over measurements of the illumination as the Older Type 5KW-24 shown in the curves of Figure 1. i Lamp Setup Parabolic Approximate Relative Improvement in Illumination on A photograph of the new T-5 as- , (24-inch) Back Mirror Axis (Center of Field) sembly is shown in Figure 3. One Flood 2 Flood 14 Flood Spot Y principle contributing to superior per- Metallic 3 to 1 3 to 1 2.5 to 1 1.5 to 1 Triple-5 formance is the coupling of the Triple-5 Silver on specially designed lens and the 5KW Glass 8 to 1 6 to 1 2 to 1 1.6 to 1 globe, so that their motion with re- April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 135

Fig. 1, A—Left, graphical presentation of performance of the “Triple-5” equipped with metallic mirror as compared with the older 24- inch 5K\V with same mirror. Fig. 1, B—Graphical presentation of performance of the “Triple-5” equipped with glass mirror, as compared with the older 24-inch 5KW with same mirror. spect to the parabolic mirror is a dif- studio technicians will tell you, the the United States, bringing together ferential one of suitable ratio. Both metal parabolic mirror does not school and advertising fraternities the lens and the parabolic mirror come “carry” so far as the glass parabolic. and speakers and film exhibitors of to flood at the same time. In the new T-5 setup the carrying dis- national reputation. There will be tances are equal. no admission or membership fees. Globe Shadow Out Technicians agree that the efficiency The globe shadow, which in the of the T-5 surpasses that of any other T type of studio lamp using the 5KW older 24s contributed to the central NATIONAL CINE EXPANDS (lark spot, is eliminated through use globe. This new lamp not only assists of the booster mirror and the lens. the cameraman in keeping a perfect For the second time in two years Such an arrangement of course does balance of light throughout the set, National Cine Laboratories, 20-22 away with the spill ring. The lens but it also allows greater economy of West Twenty-Second street. New automatically takes care of the spill operation by giving more light output York, has been forced to increase its light, throwing it into the center of for the same wattage. personnel, install additional machinery and equipment and double the space the field where it is photographically T of its laboratory in order to accom- useful. MEET This is a unique feature of the T-5. VISUAL EDUCATIONISTS modate the business on hand. The differential motion, together with The seventh session of the Nation- Besides manufacturing 35mm and the particular arrangement of mir- al Conference on Visual Education 16mm silent and sound cameras to rors and the new design B-M lens, and Film Exhibition (DeVry Founda- order. National specializes in repair gives control of distribution so as to tion) will be held at the Francis W. and maintenance work of all types. make for uniformity that is practical- Parker School, 330 Webster avenue, Now a new department has been ly independent of the degree of spread Chicago, June 21, 22, 23 and 24. It organized to purchase, rent and sell over the useful working range. will be one of the most representative new and used professional cameras In the old 24-inch setup, as the gatherings of visual educationists in and accessories.

Fig. 2, A— Left, photograph of field of older 24-inch 5KW equipped with parabolic glass mirror. Fig. 2, B—Center, photograph of field of “Triple-5” equipped with glass parabolic mirror. Fig. 2, C—Right, photograph of field of “Triple-5” equipped with metallic mirror. — —

136 American Cinematographer ° April, 1937

A.S.C. OPENS NEW HOME

ebruary 2S was a red letter day Wives Aid Members in versary of their marriage. A word for the American Society of Cine- F Informal Dedication of was sufficient. And that word went matographers, for the society and around. In a few moments the couple for its members. That was the day New Urban Quarters in was surrounded in the lounge, with the latter responded to a sugggestion Suburban Atmosphere the orchestra in the center of the they attend a homecoming designed circle. to be a housewarming at the same To the applause of the party the Throughout the evening the president time. musicians first played The Wedding and his officers, Vice Presidents Vic- It was during the final weeks of March and then, with real effect, “I tor Milner, Charles Lang and James the year that has just passed the A. S. Love You Truly.” It was a pretty and Van Trees, Treasurer Fred W. Jack- C. departed from the business quar- an effective feature of the evening’s man and Secretary Frank B. Good, ters that for many years it owned and impromptu entertainment. The were showered with congratulations men occupied on the twelfth fioor of a Hol- enjoyed it, of course, but this partic- of the members and their wives on the lywood business structure. It depart- ular quarter hour was concededly and completeness of the new home. ed from the atmosphere of the marts peculiarly a part of the realm of wo- of commerce. It moved into a home, Birthday and Anniversary man. And much did the women make spacious and spreading and entirely on Aside from the presence of a Bala- of it. the ground fioor with one minor ex- laika orchestra, all of the members It was after 1 o’clock when the last ception. of which brought their singing voices, of the hundred couples who had at- Although but yards 300 above that there was no planned entertainment. tended the housewarming of No. 1782 point on Hollywood boulevard where Yet was the gaiety in no manner had said their good-nights. So suc- the Hollywood Roosevelt and the Chi- dulled on that account. The fun start- cessful had been the entire occasion nese Theater look diagonally across ed early. in the renewal of friendships, in the the street at each other, the society reunion of family for years It was known that Edward O. Black- groups that has in but a few steps lifted itself out burn was packing a near birthday had been on terms of intimacy, and of the realm of the turbulent urban near because being a “leap year lad- in the gander session of pals of days into the quiet of the peaceful, resi- die” the Brulatour western chief has recent and remote—that many expres- dential suburban. Here surrounded by no alternative but to accept the 28th sions were heard urging a “renewal” towering pine and fir and stately palm of in lieu of the absence of the 29th of the housewarming, provided it be and in the center of garden lavm and the month. And the bunch kept an not too long deferred. of over 34,000 feet in area cine- the eye peeled for the appearance of Mr. The New Home matographers may relax in a world and Mrs. Blackburn. far removed from the hurlyburly of a As the two made their entrance the The new home of the American So- stage set. members and their wives, with the ciety of Cinematographers is in one of Informality Reigned orchestra in the center, crowded the finest residential sections of Hol- around. There was an impromptu lywood—and one of the oldest. It is But we started to tell you about the serenade—impromptu, but loaded with at the intersection of North Orange party. From 5 oclock on that Sunday good fellowship. drive and Franklin avenue. Formerly afternoon in the mansion at 1782 North Then there were mysterious goings- it was the home of Conway Tearle, Orange Drive informality reigned. on in the boardroom, in the southeast who upon it and the grounds on which There were no speeches that is, — not corner of the structure. Behind a it rests expended large sums to make the kind the average man mulls over closed door court was held, the mem- of it one of the show places of the for a week and of which in his members of the jury filling the dozen community. ory as he stands on his feet at the easy-to-sit-in chairs that line three From in front of the grounds North zero second not a trace remains. sides of the room. Orange drive slopes gently south a But there was much speech in the long block to Hollywood Fun Never Lags boulevard, form of conversation, of greetings to with the Hollywood Roosevelt square- ohl friends and associates, of renewal One at a time members were cor- ly facing. Large trees closely line the of friendships and of repledging the ralled, haled to the door of the court- two sides of the street. To the north bond that for nearly twenty years room, and upon proper signal being across Franklin avenue a densely has held under one banner these mas- given the candidate was admitted to wooded hillside sharply rises—a bit ters of the camera. The only stipu- the Presence. Here before winning out of the north woods, as one enthusi- lation the board had made was as to dismissal it was necessary to enter- astic newspaper man described the the starting hour. The closing hour tain the jury. Much curiosity prevailed vista. was represented by three dots. And during the trials, that is, on the part The plot is 150 on North Orange of course there were to be cocktails of those who had as yet escaped ex- drive by 228 on Franklin. Ornament- buffet and a supper. amination, but all was revealed in ing it are many trees, quite a number Nor was there any disappointment time. The chief bailiff was Treas- of them rising to real height. Among even in a minor degree in any phase urer Jackman, and as a rounder-up- these latter are three of the pine fam- of the festivities—or in the beautiful per he was relentlessly persuasive. ily as well as several of the fir. Also home of which the members now were Then in an unguarded moment there are striking examples of the 100 percent owners. George Schneiderman let slip the giant palm. To the west of the home President John Arnold and Mrs. word that he and the Mrs. were that a large lawn extends across the whole Arnold were among the first arrivals. day celebrating the twentieth anni- Continued on Papre 144 —

April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 137 JACKMAN RETURNS TO BUSINESS

he FRED JACKMAN Process Special Camera Effects Harry Lauder in his song, he could Corporation has opened its new eat breakfast in bed seven mornings Thome at 1809 South Magnolia Executive Comes Out of in the week if he should feel so Boulevard, Burbank. The concern inclined. plans to continue to do the things in Retirement-Opens Plant But the loaf thing proved to be no the way of special camera effects in go. Fred Jackman decided to go which for twenty-one or more years to Serve Film Studios back to work—but to work for him- Fred Jackman pioneered and special- self. The answer may be read from ized. Testifying to his success in a an inscription engraved on a gold practically field which he largely developed are salary never was men- plaque ornamenting an onyx deskset sixteen patents among other substan- tioned. The employee would find an forming one of the treasured features tial evidences. increased sum on his check and when of an office simply but handsomely Among these other substantial evi- he collided with the producer he would furnished and finished. This is what dences, even though they may not be extend his thanks. “Okeh,” would it says: 1 personally identifiable, are men who respond the producer. To today are walking the streets alive “Mack Sennett was regular,” de- FRED W. JACKMAN and most completely whole by grace clared Jackman. Congratulations and best wishes of the lifesaving devices and expedi- The process expert moved to Hal May the new business bring the ents conceived and invented by the Roach’s studio after he left Sennett’s, fulfillment of your fondest hopes head of this new process company. where he remained five years. From From Those whose memory extends back there he went to Warner Brothers, John Arnold a couple of decades will recall the remaining practically ten years. Then March, 1937 many hair-raising stunts that formed he realized from 1915 to 1936 he had a prominent feature of the box office not lost a day’s pay in the more than Equipment Is Last Word lure of Mack Sennett’s Keystone twenty-one years. There was an 1 Comedies and the chases of the Key- urge to loaf, to let the work stuff go The new home of the Jackman stone Cops. hang. He did just that. He quit. He Corporation is a two-story structure There was danger aplenty in those sold all his personal equipment. Like 50 by 100 feet in area. It rides on stunts. Beginning in 1915 at the a plot containing more than Sennett studio Fred Jackman 30,000 square feet—and that’s devoted his energies and his un- a lot of room in which to grow. questioned genius for explora- The building is the last word tion in this virgin field first to in equipment designed to ac- reducing the hazard to life and complish what the company limb in the recording of breath- plans to do. To the layman the taking thrills for the screen by structure is a maze of devices for the most particular timing and automatic ventilation, for heat- management, by his prepared- ing and for cooling, for wash- ness in advance of the zero sec- ing and drying the air and the ond. control of humidity. The walls are weather-proof and practi- Made Life Safer cally fire-proof. Just as an incident, the floors Also he applied himself to the of the laboratory section are invention of apparatus that covered with green linoleum when translated to the screen so that any dust which may not only would make a structure have sneaked in when no one the size of a doghouse look like was watching may promptly be a castle, but, not exactly unim- discovered and thrown out. All portant to the producer, would equipment is huilt into the make one dollar look like fifty. structure. The water is filtered Further and even yet more im- and softened. A sprinkler sys- portant, while doing these things tem extends through the struc- so essential or at least desirable ture. Automatic time clocks in a commercial way he would start things rolling in advance be shielding life and limb. of the arrival, if essential, of The head of the new Jack- the workers in the moiTiing. man cornpany was with Mack The plant windows are sealed. Sennett seven years. During This is possible because of the that period, the process execu- heavy automatic intake of fresh tive recalled the other day with air and its prompt washing and grim interest, the question of Fred W. Jackman Continued on Pajre 146 I

138 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

used. In tins case, a variety of motors may be fitted, according to the type MITCHELL ANNOUNCES of current available. Either 110 volt or 220 volt, three phase AC synchronous motors may be used, with SOUND RECORDER either 48, 50 or 60 cycle current. What- NEW a matched ever drive is selected, camera motor is regularly supplied. The electrical amplifying system is of mo- film-moving drive is thiough two ROM THE INCEPTION specially built for the system, and in- it has seemed sprockets the motion of which is tion picture sound cludes a guarantee of absolute free- inevitable that sooner or later the damped by a special dual-mechanical dom from patent difficulties. Al- three great firms the cameras of filter which minimizes “flutter” and though this amplifier is portable, it the world’s motion similar irregularities. The recording which photogT'aph was designed to meet the needs of all produce a sound-on- drum is mounted on ball bearings and pictures would studio recording service. It is pos- device, engi- directly connected to a large, free- film recorder. Such a sible to amplify the sound from a great- running flywheel. The adjustable neered and built by the world’s single microphone, or to mix the sound take-up clutch is integral with the est specialists in precision film-mov- from three separate sources, such as recorder mechanism, and a quick-acting mechanisms, logically could be ex- microphones, sound projectors, or re- ing anti-buckle switch is fitted to stop pected to set new standards of me- recording playbacks. of the the mechanism in the event of im- chanical perfection. Yet none This amplifier is designed for use proper threading, torn or broken film, camera world’s conservative “big with a dynamic microphone and re- willing or faulty take-up. three’’ has until recently been quires no external equalization. It tachometer calibrated in feet of to place its name upon a recorder. A has a gain of approximately 100 db. film per minute is fitted, and in con- This month, however, the Mitchell and an undistorted energy output of junction with the motor control rheo- Camera Corporation reveals the de- 1 watt. The circuits provide for feed- stat insures accurate control of re- velopment of a sound recorder to ing battery potential to such external corder and camera speed. A footage which the name Mitchell is affixed. equipment as microphone amplifiers, indicator is also fitted. While this is the first Mitchell-made photoelectric cell amplifiers, extension sound recorder officially acknowledged mixers, etc. The speech lines are of as a Mitchell product, the Mitchell Non-Royalty Amplifier low impedence, so that a considerable organization is hardly a newcomer in length of cable may be used between the field of recorder manufacture. The motor systems provide unusual microphone and amplifier, or between F'or several year.-; the firm has under- flexibility. The whole motor unit is amplifier and recorder. taken the engineering and manufac- quickly and easily interchangeable, When used as a strictly portable ture of recorder heads for one of the making it possible to use the recorder, outfit, the equipment packs into six largest and most painstaking of the otherwise unchanged, for any conceiv- small cases. The recording head, major sound firms. Mitchell-made able power supply or requirement. For magazines, 6-volt storage battery, recording heads have been proved in the most mobile uses, 110-volt DC-AC microphone and cables each fit into a major studio service all over the world. interlock motors are used to drive conventional fabrikoid-covered case; With the lapse of this contract the both recorder and camera, taking the amplifier is built into a sturdy Mitchell engineers began the develop- power either from dry batteries or metal case, and the 250-volt “B” bat- ment of a recorder capable of going from a motor generator set. teries are carried in a similar case. forth as a companion of the universal- For use either in the studio or as a The new recorder appears definitely ly used Mitchell camera. mobile, truck-mounted unit, three- worthy of taking its place beside the phase synchronous motors may be famous Mitchell camera. Portable Studio Recorder

The new device is in complete accord with the latest trend in recording practice. It is actually a portable unit, but engineered to meet the most exacting demands of fixed studio service. It is thus ideally suited to use in the modern manner as a mobile studio lecording unit, eliminating the varied inconveniences and expenses of fixed recording channels with their in- tricate transmission systems. The Mitchell recorder produces a variable area sound track, and has a frequency range of from 50 to 9000 cycles a second. The galvanometer regularly supplied produces a single- envelope sound track, but one pro- ducing a double-envelope track, with the latest high fidelity and noise reduction features is also available. If a variable density recording is desired the recorder may easily be fitted with a light-valve. The outstanding features of the recorder are its high mechanical precision and extreme flexibilitv. The New Mitchell Recorder —

April, 1937 American Cinematographer 139 TONY GAUDIO WINS CAMERA HONORS

ony GAUDIO, A.S.C., in winning good-bye to the army and returned land, pioneer supply and independent the Academy’s award for photo- home. exchange man from Pennsylvania, and T graphic excellence in 1936 with There were several years with the Joe Engel, formerly with Ed Porter “Anthony Adverse” scores another famous Ambrosio Films in Torino in partnership with Adolph Zukor in bullseye to the credit of veterans of a brand popular in this country in the the ownership of Famous Players, the camera. And Tony Gaudio may early days. were at the head of the company. In be the world’s No. 1 photographic vet- In 1906 young Gaudio came to the the unit were Harold Lockwood and eran of motion pictures, by that mean- United States. His first employment May Allison. ing one who since early in the cen- in the new world was as head of the Following the death of Lockwood tury has been of and around motion laboratory of Alfred Simpson, maker in a flu epidemic Gaudio joined Alan pictures, in the beginning mainly on of song slides. Twelve hand-colored Dwan’s company, and by that organi- the laboratory side and since 1911 slides were made for each new popu- zation was loaned to Film Booking actively and steadily engaged at the lar or near popular song. Office (F.B.O.), now Radio-Keith- camera, and still is being assigned to In 1909 the photographer moved to Orpheum (R.K.O.), to photograph that the largest productions. Flatbush—which is now as for many company’s first production, “Kismet,” The man just selected by the years it has been a part of Brooklyn with Otis Skinner. Academy comes from a photographic where he took full charge of the The cameraman then joined the family. As a child he played and fol- Vitagraph laboratory. forces of Norma Talmadge, who under lowing his graduation from military Then in 1911 came a call from Carl the management of Joseph Schenck school he worked in the studio of his Laemmle again to cross the Brook- was releasing through United Artists. oldest brother, Ralph, a photographer lyn Bridge and head the Imp labora- He photographed all Norma Talmadge later to be president of the Society tory. The leading players in the pictures except the final one made by of Photography in Europe, and for Eleventh Avenue studio at that time that player before retirement. photographic achievement to be nomi- were among others Mary Bickford, Shoots “Hell’s Angels” nated Knight of the Crown in Italy King Baggott, Joe Smiley, Owen —a rare honor in the photographic Moore, William Robert (Bob) Daley Gaudio then was engaged by M-G-M realm in that country. and William (not Vitagraph) Shay. to photograph Greta Garbo’s first two A short time later Gaudio was shift- subjects. Contrary to what might be Starts at Nine ed to the Imp’s camera department the thought these days, her initial and his brother Gene was assigned to pictures were of major importance. The child Tony hardly was nine the laboratory, Tony assuming charge “The Torrent,” with Ricardo Cortez, years old when in his brother’s studio of both departments. It was in the was the first, and “The Temptress,” in the little town of Cosenza in Italy same year, 1911, Universal sent the with Tony Moreno, the second. After he began playing with photographic cameraman to California with a com- these the cameraman moved to First papers, years before the coming of pany of which Frank Grandin was National, where for a year he photo- bromide. director. In the cast were Margaret graphed Billy Dove. Also he made his own enlargements Fischer, Harry Pollard and Jack Le Then began an engagement that on solio paper, albumen — really Saint. from many angles was one of the most paper, later to be used as proof paper. Joins Biograph spectacular that ever fell to an.y This involved ingenuity on the part cameraman in the history of motion of the child. A mirror about 2 by 4 A studio was established on Brook- pictures. That was under the banner feet was so placed outside the build- lyn Heights, near the present Los An- of Howard Hughes. There the first sub- ing it could reflect sunlight into the geles County Hospital, where an open ject was “The Racket,” with Louis camera. stage was built. In a few months Wolheim. and the second “Two Ara- The mirror on gears so it was Gaudio returned to New York, where bian Knights,” with Wolheim and might be circled with the sun. Had he was engaged by the Biograph to Bill Boyd. the mirror remained stationary the photograph all the specials the com- And then came “Hell’s Angels,” a image multiplied as the would have pany was making for Klaw and Er- subject that from the photogi'aphic sun moved. To avoid this disaster langer, stage producers. The stage side made records only later to smash the child turned the mirror to keep and screen men together were adapt- its own tops for new heights in figures the sun “on the spot.” ing olavs for the screen, one of the for cameramen employed, for film ex- earlier instances in which a stage play months worked. Comes to America posed and for davs and was converted to the screen. Here By and large the time consumed was The small Tony also prepared his Gaudio remained until 1915. two and a half vears. The picture was own silver bath and his own collodion In that vear he went to California completed, finally, as a silent. And plate. Then it became necessary to with a troupe of the early Metro com- then came the revolution of sound. take time out from the photographic pany, one of the three organizations The producer decided to remake the side of his education to go to militarv from which later grew Metro-Gold- picture in sound. Jean Harlow, not school. It was 1900 when he bade wyn-Mayer. Richard (Dick) Row- Continued on Pape 148 I

140 American Cinematographer • April, 1937 A.S.C. MEMBERS ON PARADE

into a cast. He will be incapacitated year, again is settled in his home in for several months. Beverly Hills. That journeying involved seven trips across the country, • Glenn MacWilliams, A.S.C., has five by air and two by automobile, slipped back to England after a fast • John Stumar, A.S.C., has been busy and four trips across the ocean. Also ^ three weeks of twenty hours a day at the Tudor Studios in England. He there were excursions to Canada. more or less. Following four years | has just finished his third in a row, During the year Van made two away from home there were many “Intimate Relations,” with June Clyde pictures in England, working at the : persons to see and consequently pil- and an all-star English cast. It was new Pinewood studios. These are sit- 1 ing demands on his time. It was a a musical farce and was directed by uated at Ivor Heath, on the outskirts I matter of regret at A.S.C. headquar- Clayton Hutton. John’s first was an of London, and are equipped with the F “The ters but a brief visit was possible. adaptation of that old classic, most modern devices. In the matter : Nevertheless on an early evening just Mill on the Floss,” directed by Tim of lights, cameras and film those of before his departure there was a Whelan. At the trade show the sub- American origin predominate. chance to rub elbows with the visitor. ject was well received, while the trade Lending interest to an all too brief Howe, papers agreed the “photography and • James Wong A.S.C., has half hour was Charles Rosher, not so he lighting were e.xcellent.” returned home from England, where long ago returned from the same went with William K. (Bill) Howard Without time for a day off the [ “tight little island.” The two had much A.S.C. man was pitchforked into to photograph a picture. It happened in in the way of topics. “Stardust.” a musical directed by common when the director returned the cam- visitor gave the impression of Melville Brown, with Ben Lyon, Lupe The eraman was held in the English capita] in his home. Velez and Wallace Ford, supported being entirely happy new to make a second subject. Jimmie I To this scribe he seemed to have car- by an English cast. After one more now has signed a contract with Selz- ried further the philosophy implied John will be on his way to California, nick International Studios. in the maxim of “When in Rome do which he hopes to hit by May at the as the Romans do.” He gave the • Hal Mohr, A.S.C., in his first di- latest. job, is feeling that in his belief it was the recting “When Love Young,” Everything is fine—that is, every- * transplanted national to was thrown a bouquet by both of the thing except the weather, and of that duty of a seek to understand the viewpoint and local film dailies following the pre- the man away from home expects to the traditions of the men and women view March 12 at Pantages. Variety restore his normal average when he with whom he was called upon to opened with the remark that “This gets back. “My very best to the boys,” work. will meet general audience approval is a recent word. Unwittingly he gave a concrete ex- as a program topper, with credit for qual- • Karl Freund, A.S.C., early in March emplification of that philosophy when its high average entertainment first began supervision on the camera work in the chat there crept to the surface ity going to Hal Mohr for his on Garbo’s “Madame Walewska,” co- his own reactions during the recent directorial job and to a dozen players starring Charles Boyer, at M.G.M. national emergency that centered for good performances. around the change in the throne. He “Playing and direction give impres- Gilbert Warrenton, A.S.C., sailed • had shared the distress of the Brit- siveness to a rather mild and time- from San Francisco for Samoa March ishers. worn tale. . . . Hal Mohr’s first essay 4 in charge of the camera crew shoot- There can be no question Hollywood in direction and rating as associate ing backgrounds for Monogram’s sustains a substantial loss in the vol- pi'oducer is notably fine in getting “Paradise Island.” Dorothy Reid is in untary expatriation of this fast think- fullest value from the material, scor- charge of the expedition. ing and fast talking cinematographer ing especially in the ingratiating com- edy and deft blending of the musical • Theodore Sparkuhl, A.S.C., under —and of course that London accord- dramatic elements.” ingly stands to win. You may set it and contract to Paramount, during the ^ The Reporter captions its review past month received his final natural- down that certainly he made a hit “Hal Mohr scores with swell cast.” ization papers. The decree, which also with one first acquaintance. “Sweet entertainment from start to was conferred on Mrs. Sparkuhl, Reynolds, A.S.C., • Ben who a year a hilarious finish,” the text opens, brings under the American banner ill he was given sixty “ ago was so days ‘When Love Is Young’ is one of the couple’s five children. Sparkuhl to with us, is his toes again. stay on those little pictures that makes big is of German descent. Witnesses were His long treatment at Dr. Sampson’s noises at the box office. . . . But the Fred Leahy, Simeon Aller, Holly in the subsequent Santa Barbara and big news concerning this picture is Moyes and Jeannette Saxer. rest and recuperation at his Malibu that it marks a really auspicious di- home have done the trick. One hun- • Gordon Jennings, A.S.C., head of rectorial debut. Hal Mohr, long dred pounds have slipped away from Paramount’s special effects depart- known as one of the industry’s ace him, leaving him as he was in the ment, was seriously hurt March 4 cameramen, here tries his hand at di- days when he was under personal while working with a camera crew at rection and turns out a superb job. contract to Norma Shearer and in Lake Arrowhead. He slipped on a hill There are no tricks that he misses in other responsible spots alert and go- and was thrown down the icy side — development of characterization, and getting. ‘ into a tree, injuring a vertabra. He touch after touch show master light was rushed to Hollywood, where in • Willard Van der Veer, A.S.C., af- craftsmanship. Make way for an im- the Hollywood Hospital he was put ter traveling 50,000 miles in the past portant new director.” UNMATCHED

SUPER X, originally a strictly special-

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EASTMAN SUPER X PANCIIR03I ATIC NEGATIVE 142 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

ART REEVES INTRODUCES ALL-PURPOSE DEVELOPER

here has for some time existed a definite need for a developing machine capable of truly wide-range ap- T majority of machines for developing plication. The motion picture film have been almost without exception one-purpose machines: they might be fitted to process negative film, or positive film, or sound-track, but rarelv could a single machine be used interchangeably for all three. This situation is not particularly objectionable in Holly- wood, where a major studio or commercial laboratory can expect a large volume of business. In such a plant it is economically as well as technically feasible to devote one exclusively to each class of service. or more machines Film-drying cabinet, showing thermostat and polishing drums. Away from Hollywood, this condition is reversed. The average laboratory cannot count on daily handling the The choice of materials used in constructing the new output of from half-a-dozen to a score of production units. machine follows the best modern practices. The tanks It is not, therefore, feasible to equip a plant with a large are of wooden construction. The framework is largely and expensive developing machine solely to process nega- duralumin. All metalwork in contact with either film tive, and then virtually to duplicate the installation for or solutions is stainless steel, and generous use is made developing positive. of Bakelite, Celoron and similar non-corrosive plastics To meet these needs. Art Reeves, well known as a de- wherever these are applicable. Solutions are pumped signer and builder of efficient laboratory, sound and through special rubber tubing. camera equipment, has introduced a new, wide-range de- A special variable speed drive permits variation of the veloping machine. developing time from 1% minutes to 18 minutes. One Develops Negative and Positive hundred and twenty feet of film is in the tanks, and the film is under only a very low tension. A special pneu- This new machine has been engineered to conform to matic squeegee virtually eliminates “carry-over” of solu- the highest modern standards. It will develop either nega- tion from one tank to the next. The circulating system is tive film or positive film interchangeably. Though it is a designed to produce a turbulation-effect sufficient to avoid single-strand machine it requires no rethreading and no directional markings. Solution temperatures, and the tem- draining or refilling of tanks for this change. Similarly, perature of the drying box, are automatically controlled. it will handle either 35mm. or 16mm. film. Occupies Two Rooms

The machine is very compact. In a normal installation it occupies two small rooms. The feed end, including the tanks for developing, fixing and washing, are placed in a dark room. From this room the film extends through a tube passed through the wall, into the dry-box and take-up, which may be in a lighted room. The driving motor, air- compressors, etc., are in this unit. The tankage comprises six sections: positive developing tank, negative developing tank, rinse tank, hypo tank, wash tank, and two smaller storage tanks respectively for positive and negative developer. Over the outer end of these tanks is a light-tight film feed magazine, in which the undeveloped film is carried on a standard 2000-foot reel. The two storage tanks are placed at the end of the tanks, under this feed box. Next come the two developing tanks. That for positive development is nearer the feed box than that for negative. These two sections of the machine are always kept threaded. The leader in whichever tank is not being used is tanks. Note how film in negative developing tank remains Solution loo.sely, threaded while developing positive in nearer tank. simply broken from the strand and allowed to hang April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 143 with the ends clipped to the upper tie-rods. For instance, series-connected with a Mercoid thermostat switch. These when the positive tank is being used, the leader in the thermostats will automatically maintain the solution negative developing section remains threaded, but is broken within 3 degrees of any predetermined temperature. Sep- from the strand and allowed to hang loose in the tank so arate indicating thermometers indicate the temperature that the film will not be moved by the bottom drive-roller. of the solutions in the developing tanks. The two ends are clipped to the upper tie-rods with ordinary wooden spring clothespins. When the machine is to Pneumatic Squeegee be used for negative the positive tank is similarly discon- nected, while the negative-tank leader is joined to the The film-moving mechanism is built in a rigid duralumin- strand with Mercer film clips. frame which may be hoisted clear of the tanks in the conventional manner. That part of the framework immersed Separate Circulating Systems in the solution is constructed entirely of stainless steel and non-corrosive plastics. The rollers over which the film The systems used for circulating developer are in dupli- moves are of Bakelite. The upper ones revolve freely. cate. The negative-developer circulating system is wholly The lower ones only are powered. independent of the unit that circulates posifve-developer. A main driving shaft extends lengthways of the tank tank, from which the solu- Each has its separate storage unit. From this, gear-driven vertical shafts of stainless to the developing tank by a specially built tion is pumped steel extend downward to the bottom of each film-moving constructed entirely of Bake- centrifugal pump, which is loop and thence, through Bakelite bevel gears, drive a lite and Celoron. The external plumbing is of hard-rubber stainless steel shaft upon which fit the driving rollers. tubing and special rubber hose. The solution enters at the The film is under tension only when the take-up brings bottom of the tank and is directed against one of the sides it into contact with these rollers. Otherwise, it may move from which it recoils with a swirling motion. As the tank freely, under the extremely slight pull of the take-up. is narrow, with the intake at the bottom and overflow at As the film leaves each tank it passes between Bakelite the top, this swirling movement of the solution continues, nozzles through which a downward-slanting current of and gives excellent turbulation. The two pumps are powered the faces of the film. This provides by separate motors, so that only the solution actually in air is directed against minimizes and virtually elimi- use need be circulated. a squeegeeing action which another. The developer temperature-control systems are likewise nates carry-over of solution from one tank to and independent. A stainless steel encased electric heating The designers state that there is therefore no dilution, element is placed in the bottom of each storage tank. Continual on Page 147

The new Art Reeves ail-purpose developing machine. 144 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

A.S.C. Opens New Home

Firs^t to Aiiiioiiiice Continued from Page 136 front. Around the borders of the plot Recorjg^ gardeners have created decorative examples of their craftsmanship. To the rear is a large space at present devoted to parking. Also there are loca- lAterature Sent on l{e(fiiest tions already “spotted” for a swim- ming pool and a golf driving court. 9 MITCHELL CAMERAS Bell Howell 9 & Club’s Lounge a Feature O Panoram Dollies O Moviolas • Tripods The home itself is of Spanish archi- • Blimps • Filters tecture, covering an area of about 65 • Lights • Lenses 9 Special Effect Cameras by 70 feet. As before stated it is of one story, with a single exception. That exception is a cupola at the southwest corner, containing a single room with eleven windows and also a door giving entrance to the roof. There are awnings on the outside and Venetian blinds on the inside. The room is featured in this de- scription because it is the sanctum of just are read- Make this office your headquarters when the magazine you now ing. As an editorial room it is unique working in New York. and priceless—in any man’s country. Mitclicll and BpII & Howell eaniera $«erviein;£ Under the shade of these big trees i»« a specialty of teehnieians. oar experieneed it is as quiet as a ranchhouse—and as remote, seemingly. FIIA^K Xl't'KKIC It is true there are other rooms, a dozen of them. The center of in- €Qui 4>m-enT, mo terest, the room that aroused the en- 1600 Broaduiay rieui York Ci + tj thusiasm especially of the women 9-^146-7 ADDRESS: ' CINEQUIP guests at the housewarming, is the high-ceilinged lounge, 30 by 30 feet in area. This portion of the home is a converted patio, wherein the tiled flooring and the fountain in the center were removed and a great skylight imposed for a roof. Everything Photographic The .skylight strikingly enhances the effectiveness and attractiveness for Professional and Amateur of the lounge. It is 14 by 17 feet in New and Used, bought, sold, rented and area and contains 32 upright or per- repaired. Designers and manufac- pendicular windows of colored glass. turers of H. E. Combination C. The superstructure rises three feet lens shade and filter-holder and then, all in glass, peaks to a point for any size lens. seven feet above the roof level. Col- Hollywood Camera Exchange umns at the four corners of the lounge 1600 Cahuenga Blvd., Hollywood and two smaller ones marking the Tel. HO 3651 entrance to the room after crossing Cable Address: HOcamex the hall from the front doors add to Send tor Bargain Catalog the striking’ appearance of the room upon entering.

Home’s Conveniences

K^romise is t^prformvd! Coming into the building the office H% her0» T!u» of the executive busines.s manager is at the left, at the northwest corner. The leading, largest and best equipped Motic-n Picture Mechanical The auditing and information offices Laboratories in the East. are at the right. Circling from here Designers and Manufacturers of Motion Picture Equipment. in reverse clockwise order are the stockroom, library, where are kept on ALL STAM)ARI) MAKES OF CAMERAS file photographic magazines from the SOLD KL^TLD four corners of the world. Bound vol- • • umes of this magazine and reference and technical books are here for the AATfOAAI. Ci]\E LAUORATOUiES use of members. Also there are writing facilities. 20-22 West 22nd Street New York, N. Y. Next in order is the boardroom, ar- ranged for the convenience and com- April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 145 fort of the fifteen members of the Board of Governors. There is a card- room, with provision for many players. The cocktail room is something The Best in Lighting of a feature itself, too. It is geared to provide for good-sized parties—and it does. It has a homey atmosphere. Then on the northeast corner are the kitcheps and the pantry and relat- ed rooms. The billiard room, complet- ing the circle, demonstrated on the night of the housewarming that it has a double function—that of a miniature bamiuet room, and maybe not so small at that. The furniture and fittings have been installed following great care in selection and with regard mainly to their quality and permanence. Jackman Returns to Business Soiarspots Continued from Patre 137 conditioning and pumping throughout all the rooms of the building. There are four intakes. The air is filtered through spun glass, seemingly two or three inches thick. Downstairs there is a projection room with a throw of sixty feet nor- MOLE-mCHAUDSON, Inc. mally, but which may be extended if necessary to eighty feet. Eighteen 941 Yo. Sycamore Avenue motors have been installed to control the basic operation of the various Hollywood, Calif. machines throughout the building—as for example the sprinklers, air con- ditioners, w'ater filters and softeners, etc. The air is taken from the roof, and after passing through a series of Fully Guaranteed Used 35mm Equipment filters is recirculated in a volume of Mitchell, Bell & Howell, Akeley, Holmes Projectors, Sound and Si- 25 percent fresh air all the time. DeBrie, Universal, Pothe Cameras. lent. On the second floor on the Magnolia Portable Sound Recording Outfits. DeVry Suit Cose Model Projectors. Boulevard side are the business offices, Eymo and De Vry Spring Driven We buy, sell and rent the air, water, temperature and other Cameras. anything Photographic. factors connected with which are on the same basis as are those of the Camera l^upply Co. laboratory. Adjoining are the cut- 1515 No. Cahuenga Blvd. Hollywood, Calif. ting rooms and the loading room, as Cable Address: CAMERAS well as the printing rooms. In the developing room all of the equipment is operated by individual Continued on Pa^e 147 MITCHELLS—BELL-HOWELLS—BUMPS— DOLLIES AKELEY CAMERA KRUSE CAMERA R E A T A L S Model No. 262 For Sole 1033 N. CAHUENCA First Class Akeley No. 262 with 2", HI. 4464 NITE MO. 13470 6" 12'' and lenses;—Tripod;—4-200 ft. magazines;—2 to 3 gear crank;—carrying cases. ’Phone or Write for price. MOTION PICTURE CAMERA SUPPLY, INC. CINEMATOGRAPHERS 723 Seventh Avenue, New York City. ---Cl A EX--- HAND BOOK AND REFERENCE GUIDE • Used by practically every cinematog- • Light Testers—Polishers used by all rapher in the studios. major studios. We are the Sole Mfrs. • Its handy information not only and Distributors. saves time, but will be invaluable to those cameramen who have not had the • Mfr. of 16mm and 35mm Recording experience of the Hollywood cinema- Heads, Amplifiers, Developing Machines, tographer. It might give you some Printers, Etc. short cuts. Price $2.00. CINEMA ARTS CRAFTS American Cinematographer 914 N. Fairfax HE-1984 Hollywood, Calif. 1782 No. Orange Drive Hollywood, California 146 American Cinematographer • April, 1987

tion of an increased, undistorted volume range with no increase in surface noise. While either achievement DOUGLAS SHEARER AND M. G. M. can stand alone, they are combined in this award because from an engineering standpoint a unified treat- HONORED BY ACADEMY BOARD ment of recording and reproducing problems is an essential principle.” In r. lee DeFORREST, eminent pull recording system, the board of addition to this, the board granted scientist and inventor, in bestow- judges stated that “in inaugurating two awards in Class II (Academy D ng the Academy awards for its study resulting in plaque), one to E. C. the development scientific or technical achivement, an- of the two-way horn system, invloving Wente and the Bell Telephone Labora- tories for their nounced that the board of judges had improvements in old elements and multi-cellular high frequency horn this year, for the first time since 1930, their synthesis with new devices, the and receiver, and the other to the granted an award in Class I, which is Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio had in RCA Manufacturing Com- pany for its an Academy statuette and plaque, to the opinion of the board of judges con- rotary stabilizer sound head. It also Douglas Shearer, A.S.C. and the Met- tributed a large factor to the ad- granted four awards in Class II (honorable ro-Goldwyn-Mayer sound department. vancement of sound as heard in the mention in the Although a number of certificates theatre. report of the board of judges) as fol- and honorable mention awards have lows : To the RCA Manufacturing been given each year for scientific or Award to Shearer Com- technical achievement, the board of pany for its development of a judges has felt that a statuette award “The design of this horn system method of recording and printing in this field should be reserved for gives improved efficiency, greater sound records utilizing a restricted only the most outstanding technical acoustic realism, and better distribut- spectrum (known as ultra-violet developments, and consequently with- ed sound throughout the theatre light recording). held this class award until this year. auditorium at a cost within reason- To Electrical Research Products, In granting the statuette award to able commercial limits. Inc., for the ERPI “Type Q” port- Shearei- and the Metro-Goldwyn- “Coincident with this achievement able recording channel. Mayer sound department for the de- there was developed a biased Class A To the RCA Manufacturing Com- velopment of a practical two-way horn push-pull lecording and reproducing pany for furnishing a practical de- system and a biased Class A push- method which results in the utiliza- sign and specifications for a non- slip printer. To United Artists Studios Cor- poration for the development of a practical, efficient, and (luiet wind machine.

• Experienced staff

• Newest equipment

• Cinematographers are invited to use the services of our technical, personnel and up-to-date facilities— under the operative direction of Jack Guerin

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FILM LAIIOKATOICY

6823 Santa Monica Boulevard Hollywood, California Telephone Hollywood 3961

FRIED LITE TESTER for determining proper printing light intensity OPTICAL PRINTERS and special machinery

DOUGLAS SHEARER, A.S.C., director of recording- at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, who 6154 Santa Monica Blvd. developed the new double track sound recording and reproduction that has revolutionized presen- Hollywood, Calif. tation of talking pictures and music in theatres, at work in his laboratory. April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 147

Continued from Page 145 motors. In fact, that principle pre- vails through the plant. The rear half of the second floor is devoted to the miniature shop, 50 by 50 feet; draught- SOUND-ON-FILM SERVICE RECORD ing room and machine shop. The plant represents the last word Because of the remarkable world-wide service record esteiblished by in process equipment. No effort or the B-M Model "E” High Fidelity Sound-On-Film Variable Area Record- e.xpense has been spared to insure ing Unit during the past thirty months, this unit, formerly supplied under that result. a one year guarantee, will carry a F'red W. Jackman is an ex-presi- now TWO YEAR unconditional guar- dent as well as one of the pioneer antee against breakdown in service. members of the American Society of This guarantee is made possible because of the ruggedness, depend- Cinematographers. More than that, ability and trouble-free operation of the Model "E” unit, which contains he has been one of its militant mem- no damping materials to alter the frequency characteristic through ageing bers and untiring supporters through- or temperature variation; employs pre-focused exposure lamps which out its life. At the present time he are replaced as easily as is its treasurer. To him and the fif- changing an automobile headlight bulb; and teen employees who start with him in which offers a frequency response characteristic to meet the most his new enterprise go the hearty good discriminating requirements. wishes of the A.S.C. personnel. Compact design of the Model "E” Unit permits easy and convenient Art Reeves Introduces installation on any 35 mm. sound camera or recorder. Write for complete specifications and frequency response curve. New Developer

Continued from Page 143 BERNDT-MAURER Model "E" High Fidelity Recording Galvanometer, frequency range that solutions have an increased ac- 0 to 10,000 cycles $350. F. O. B. tive life. New York. Separate air-circulating systems take care of this squeegeeing and of THE BERnOT-mnURER CORP. INCHES the film-drying. The former, natural- I 3 4 5 6 7 'I ^1 | | | | | 117 Eost 24th street • Reui Vorh City I ly, supplies air under pressure. This system consists of an electric motor- driven compressor which is placed in the second machine-room, by the dry- box, etc. Both the intake and the output of this compressor are fitted with special silencers which minimize the noise of operation. An efficient air-cleaner is applied to the intake of the compressor, and a safety-valve Film Tested Laboratory and Sound Recording Equipment to the output line. The compressor is capable of supplying air to two of these machines if necessary. Art Reeves The air for drying the film is warmed by an electric heater and MOTION PICTI IIE EQUIPMENT driven by a fan which forces 1009 cubic feet of air a minute into the dry box. The heater unit has two 645 North Martel Avenue degrees of heat—high, at 10 KW, and Address low, at 5 KW. The air for this pur- Cable ARTREEVES pose is drawn normally from the room Hollywood, California, U.S.A. in which the dry box is situated, sucked through two large intake ports and filtered through interchangeable filters of spun glass impregnated with viscous oil. From this furnace, the dry- FEARLESS CAMERA CO. ing air enters the bottom of the dry WE WILL BUY Camera Dollies, Gamers box and is directed upward by ad- Velocilator Blimps, Camera Motors, and com- ' all types of I justable deflecting vanes. A thermo- plete camera accessories and equip- stat operates a warning bell in the ment. 8572 Santa Monica, Hollywood, Cal. CAAIEBAS event of any failure of either fan or Eastern Representative, Motion Picture I heating units. Camera Supply Co., 723 7th Ave. N.Y.C. aiiil Accessories Continued to Page 172 Silent and Sound Cameras, lenses, motors, magazines and tripods, etc. bought regardless of make or condition. I rVARIABLE AREA RECORDERS^ PATUfT NO- IMSSM. OTHCRS fCNOMC WRITE TODAY I ALSO MOVIOLA 3Smm to I6mfn C REt>UCT10N SOUND PRINTER m FILM EDITING EQUIPMENT ^National D AND r j Used in Every Major Studio. SOUND EQUCPMENT Cine Laboratories ^ Illustrated Literature on request. address CRSCO O s 20-22 W. 22nd St., New York City MOVIOLA CO. | CR. SKINNER MFC. Co. STuyvesant 9-0845 TURK smrr phone mbi m omomm 1451 Gordon St. Hollywood, Calif. j ^ San Francisco. California U. S. A. J 3 A 148 American Cinematographer April, 1937

were single Tony Gaudio Wins reelers—and even less. But “I believe 1 have been instrumental Camera Honors that bit of statistics means that I in helping a number of cameramen, have faced many times more than 900 to aid them in reaching tops by eluci- Continued from Pase 13il problems—and for every problem dating what I was aiming to do and surmounted there’s in the first picture, was given the lead another niche telling why I was doing it rather than in the sound version. filled in the back of the head against keeping my associates in ignorance of the recurrence of the Tony Gaudio is a strong believer in same incident. my movements. There’s no royal the value of the Academy’s photo- road to learning in Vindication photography any more than there is graphic trophy. He believes it is an in anything else and the new blood incentive to cameramen to do their — “Tony, you said there were two has got to travel the lough road best, to give their best. .just things on your chest,” suggested the the same as its predecessors, the old reporter. “There’s one left.” Shot 900 Pictures blood, did.” “There is,” was the response. “I The cameraman paused a moment “Probably small and large I have want to say to you and to the trade 1 and looked down the hillside from his photographed 900 pictures. You may am convinced there never has been home and across the widespreading one of says that’s a lot of pictures whether I my brother cameramen who San Fernando valley to the mountains shot them or not. But they were not was so happy over winning this award be.vond. His face still serious he turned all ‘Hell’s Angels.’ Many of as I have been. For me it has been them to his visitor. a deep as it will be an abiding satis- “Pve got a couple of matters on my faction. Its coming to me has meant chest,” he went on. “One of these the refutation of an untruth the cir- concerns this same new blood. The culation of which proved serious to photographer who really loves his me beyond words, the vindication at profession will do his utmost, as T the same time of what to a photog- see it, to convey the ; rudiments and rapher must be his chief business SALES the fundamentals of it to his younger asset—the soundness and the keen- associates. He will continue to teach ness of the eyes with which he works. them until he has given them what SERVICE “Six years ago for nine months I he has. i did not work a day, not in any capac- RENTALS ity. Then Warner Brothers in 1931 put me on ‘Tiger Shark.’ The rest is history. I haven’t lost a day in six ••CAMERAS- years. BLIMPS “I feel this award has capped be- DOLLIES yond any chance of cavil the com- ACCESSORIES Astr pleteness of my rehabilitation. And MOVIOLAS my gratitude, deeper than words can and express, goes to the men and women SOUND EQUIPMENT LENSES of this great industry.” Exclusive Eastern Representative for MITCHELL CAMERA CORP. • FEARLESS PRODUCTS* WE WANT TO BUY •HARRISON FILTERS* All Kinds of Cameras • ARRO’ LIGHTS- Mitchell, TEAGUE BACKGROUND Be!! & Howell, Eyemo, PROCESS DeBrie, Akeley and other makes. H J.Burgi Con+ner Also all camera accessories, tripods, lenses, motors, laboratory MOTION PICTURE and cutting room equipment. W e Pay Highest Prices. CAMERA SUPPLY for sole by Cash Inc. Get in touch with us at once. 723 7tb AVE. Mitchell Camera Corporation Camera Eqaipnienf, Inc. INC.WKIFW VORI^TL/r>fN r*ITV 1 Y 665 North Robertson Blvd. 1600 Broadway New York City CABLE Cable Address: Cinequip Hi • BRYANT 9-1754 CINECAMERA West Hollywood, California I max factors N EW

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OW good will this summer’s movies be? It all depends on H the camera you pick! If you will use 16mm. film, study the specifications of the famous Filmo 70-D, and of the compact, magazine-loading Filmo 121. If you like the convenience and the economy of an eight, see the four Filmo 8’s— each one offering a combination of versatile features not found in any other eight. In all Bell & Howell Filmo Cameras, you get such necessary features as fast, fully color-corrected, interchangeable anas-

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THE FILMO EIGHTS THE FILMO SIXTEENS There are four Filmo Double Eights include seven cameras. Chief of them for the movie-maker. all is the superb Filmo 70-D, into which is built every Two are equipped with Taylor- feature the amateur has hoped one day to Hobson \1'A mm. F 2.5 lens, match- have. Seven accurate speeds including slow ing viewfinder masks, and automati- , cally set footage dials. The normal motion. Interchangeable lenses on spieed model is designed for opera- the famous Filmo 3-lens turret. Crit- tion at 8, 16, 24, and 32 frames. $75. ical focuser optional. Taylor-Hob- The super-speed model at 16, 32, 48, son lenses, especially corrected for and 64. $80. today’s fast pan and Kodachrome emulsions. 204-degree shutter ad- Priced for the more modest purse mitting as much as 40% more light. are two companion Double Eights, Die-cast housing. You may add both equipped with F 3 5 color-cor- sound recording, hand rected anastigmat. The normal speed crank, motor drive, and external magazines, if model is priced at $49.50, the super- desired. speed model at $54.50. Complete with T-H C F 2.7 lens, $188. All four Filmo Eights have rotary The magazine-loading Filmo 121 disc shutter, giving a uniform 1/35 reduces movie-making to simplicity second exposure at normal speed— itself. Just slip in a pack of film, the even, uniform illumination especially necessary for Kodachrome close the door, and the 121 is loaded work. All have powerful spring . . . and you may interchange pan, motor, accurately governed, built- ss pan, and color film at any time in exposure calculator, and enclosed without fogging. Two speeds, in- spyglass viewfinder. All may be terchangeable lenses. Enclosed spy- loaded in an instant with 8 mm. glass and waist level viewfinders. black-and-white or Kodachrome Complete with Taylor-Hobson film. Cooke F 2.7 lens, $72.50.

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READY- AND WAITING

W INTER is making its last stand, and spring is on the way!

And to the cinemateur, that means getting ready for the season of outdoor movie making

. . . the season that's made to order for Agfa I6mm Fine- Grain Plenachrome Reversible Film.

This all-around outdoor film combines high speed, wide lati- tude with a truly effective anti- halation coating. It is fully sensitive to all colors except pure red, and it offers an extreme fineness of grain that brings you unusually large projection without loss of detail. Use Agfa I6mm Fine-Grain

Plenachrome . . . and get crisp- er, clearer movies this spring.

It is available in lOO-foot rolls at S4.50, and in SO-foot rolls at S2.7 5 — including processing and return pt>stage.

Made by AGFA ANSCO CORP BINGHAMTON AMATEURMOVIE CONTEST FOR 1937...

he AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER 1937 T Amateur Competition is open to amateurs all over the world who use either 8mm or 16mm film.

The films must be in the office of the American

Cinematographer not later than November 30, 1937.

There are no restrictions as to the number of subjects that may be entered, nor are there any restrictions as to the length of the subjects. The one strict

rule that applies, however, is that no professional help

be received in the making of the picture. This does

not include titles which may be made at a laboratory.

The American Society of Cinematographers will make due recognition of the respective merit of the compet-

ing subjects, the particular form of the awards to be

announced later. The board of judges that will pass on the competing films will be composed of members of the society.

The subject will be given classifications so that the

competition may be fair to all entrants. By this we mean that an entrant having a documentary film will not compete with one based on a scenario. Of course, there will be more classifications than these, which will be created according to the pictures that are received.

Please remember your films must be in the office of the American Cinematographer, 1782 North Orange drive, Hollywood, Calif., not later than November 30, 1937. April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 155

AMATEUR MOVIE SECTION

SOCIETY RIAN JAMES to South Seas o-Gypsying Goes 160 OF AMATEUR CINEMATOGRAPHERS SERGEANT TEOREy Outstanding Disciple of 8mm Movie Making

By William Stull 162

BOARD OF REVIEW

John Arnold, President, A.S.C., Executive Direc AMATEUR Movie Club News 164 tor of Photography, M.G.M. Studios

Karl Struss, A.S.C., Director of Photography, Paramount Studios, Academy Award Winner, G-E ANNOUNCES New Flash Lamp 166 1928

Fred Jackman. Treas., American Society of CINNING Abroad at Home Cinematographers By Albert N. Mueller, M. D 167 Dan Clark, A.S.C., Director of Photography, "Country Doctor," 20th Century-Fox

HERE'S the Answer David Abel, A.S.C., Director of Photography of

Fred Astaire Productions, R.K.O. Studios By A. S. C. Members 168 —

156 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

HEN Harry C. Pearson, business man who had retired early W in life in order to see a lot of the world, and Mrs. Pearson left the United States in 1935 for Africa they were entering upon what to them was little more than just another one of AMATEUR those trips. To be sure it would be looked upon from (luite another viewpoint by the everyday home-staying man in the street—this journey with an itinerary CAMERAMEN of eleven thousand miles into the heart of Africa, into the country of big game and big men—and inciden- tally also into the country of little MAKE WINNER men. For speaking of men there would average height be the pygmies, of an As to the eventual disposition of knowledge they accumulated with of four feet, and the Latukas, who the 35mm film they planned to expose some speed. would prove to be humans of mar- there was no thought beyond putting velous physique and of an average it aside to be exhibited when the Hal Hall Edits height of seven feet. spirit moved, to renew to memory After several false starts Hal Hall, Of course the Pearsons could not some of their experiences in the jungle who by older subscribers will be re- know they were to be successful in and on the plains if any they had and membered as one of the editors of approaching and looking upon scenes to reveal only to those friends close this magazine, was engaged to super- and men and animals few other men enough to have a personal interest vise the preparation of a feature pic- had been permitted to see. They in their comings and goings. ture. With Ed Taylor as cutter Hall could not know they were to be suc- When the Pearsons returned to attacked the great variety of material, cessful in photographing these same the United States and in the course assembled it and from the facts fur- scenes and men and animals. of time and at their leisure they had nished by Pearson wrote the comment selected some of the twenty thousand Shift To 35mm that would accompany the produc- feet of exposed film for showing to tion. Now the cat is out of the bag. their friends they learned several Late in March the editor of this For the Pearsons for nearly two years things. The chief of these was that magazine was a witness of what the before their departure had been dab- their own belief they “had something” Pearsons had accomplished in Africa. bling with amateur cinematography. might be right. These friends insisted The screened result will bring a thrill On this trip, however, they were for the detached bits they had seen con- of pride to amateur cinematographers the first time to try their hand at stituted genuine theatrical entertain- throughout the world. More than that, the 35mm thing. In their somewhat ment of a high and an unusual order. in “African Holiday,” in its general extensive assortment of impedimenta The Pearsons were in a predica- photography and in its craftsmanlike Bell and Howell Eyemos ment. Their knowledge of picture- were two preparation and presentation, there one of the free hand brand and the making was restricted to the camera . will be much to bring commendation other equipped with batteries and side. Of production and distribution from the professional men of the cam- tripods. they knew naught. Nevertheless this era. None know better than these the handicaps that pursue the photographer in equatorial Africa. To the regular followers of the screen as well as to the millions of just casual customers and even the non-cinemagoers the picture will pos- sess rare interest. It will stand on its own merit in any dual program into which an exhibitor may choose to shove it—with an excellent opportunity, in showman’s parlance, of “hogging the show.” “African Holiday” opens in the home of the Pearsons, where the two discuss their coming adventure with a former British official, one who knows his Africa. The latter gives wholesome advice and also suggests efforts be made to secure pictures of the snake dance, where natives handle and are without harm bitten by dead- ly poisonous reptiles. The introduction is very brief and the party is landed in Africa without delay. In fact, the trip from London to Nairobi is made in a twenty-four- passenger plane. There is an initial April, 1987 American Cinematographer 157

that’s where these big boys get their reputation for intelligence. After the massive tusks have been removed and the front feet, seemingly as large The Harry Pearsons, as the lower half of a 16mm Addicts, flour barrel, have been .set aside for later use as Hollywood wastebaskets, Pack 35mm Tools to Dark Continent the natives fall upon the remains for meat and lard, enough of the latter to last them a year. on 11,000-Mile Jaunt and Bring Out A purchase of 50 pounds of trout at Lake Kivu for an expenditure of "African Holiday," Theatrical Film 25 cents shares interest with some beautiful water shots. And then come the Mountains of the Moon, with towering snow-covered Mount Stanley in the distance. This is a rain country, where the annual precipitation attains 17 feet stir of interest as the plane passes tribesmen. The adventurers slip away —a mere matter of 204 inches over great herds of wild elephants when the intoxication from the home —which perhaps explains why it is who seemingly ignore the presence brew, the raw meat and the general called a wet country. The of the ship. excitement reaches a level higher Pearsons caught a shot of In Nairobi the safari, with its white than deemed safe for the presence Stanley on a morning they were told hunter and his accompanying black of white men. was the first occasion in six months boys, is organized. This expedition the mount had been visible at their Wet Country does not like many of its predecessors particular location. There is an interesting shot of a travel on foot. Rather it goes in giant The Pearsons proceed to visit the honeybird, that friend of the native auto trucks, with a consequent large Ankolis, leaving one of the fiercest who chirps even as he hops over the reduction in the number of carriers and going to one of the most peace- or bearer.s ground and guides the former to a tree necessary. The time of ful of tribes. The Ankolis are tillers that is a depositary of the honey bees’ year is propitious for the journey. The of the soil and raisers of cattle, long- product. The native takes “his” while rains have just ended and the grass horned magnificent specimens. the honeybird hovers near by, but the is lush, rising to a three or four foot We see many of the impalla, the level. native leaves some for the bird. He jumpers, some of them attaining a believes if he does not the next time In fact, the grass is high enough clearance of 40 feet. You’ll believe the bird will lead or mislead him to go far to conceal the lions that it, too, when you see them. They to a lion or something worse. We roam. Some 40 of these are photo- travel, or jump if you will, in flocks. even see the bird waiting for the graphed, some as close as 30 feet, Then for a bit you sit on the edge natives to clear out. out of the 500 that are seen. There of the seat during the killing by a are many close-ups of the king of perfect brain shot from the rifle of Pygmies Stage Show beasts, one of these showing a big Mrs. Pearson of a charging elephant The pygmies stage a dance for the boy hooking his teeth into 600- a approximating eight tons in weight. entertainment and in honor of the pound “kill” and dragging it over the He is described as a rogue elephant, visitors. The cameras record a fast- ground without seeming effort. But one proscribed and outlawed for his stepping bunch of little folks, rem- two of these animals are killed. meanness by his fellows. Perhaps iniscent somehow of those mythical Just by way of nailing a popular superstition, one of the novelties of the film is the “shot” of a lion in a tree top, seemingly 30 feet from the ground. Just so we may be sure it really is a lion we see the big fellow leap to the ground from the lower branches.

Fierce .Masais Visited

We see a company of native sol- diers in uniform doing their allotted stuff, and they show the snap and rhythm of the real thing—as undoubt- edly they are. There is a visit to the Masai tribe, one of the more primitive and inci- dentally one of the less sociable. The Pearsons are permitted, however, to photograph the ritual of the tribe prescribed for the elevation of young men to the rank of warrior. That ritual includes the slaying of a bullock and the drinking of its blood by the candidates.

The meat of the bullock then is Giant Latukas, staging dance of the rain, starting it at close of day. Believed to be the first eaten, raw, by all of the assembled time this tribe ever was photographed. —

158 American Cinematographer ® April, 1937 diminutive lads of the Catskills who tively photographed, these myriads of We see hippos, and so far as known swam into the ken—and out—of Rip pests clustering so closely it is almost for the first time on the screen under van Winkle. But the pygmies are a blanket in appearance. such circumstances, the hippos regale great hunters just as most emphat- The snake dance which the pho- themselves with a sun bath, returning ically they are not farmers. With the tographers hoped to see had been wit- to the water at their convenience. bigger boys and girls they will trade nessed by but a few white men and From below the Murcheson Falls the result of the hunt for the product never by any white w'oman. Never there are many unusual shots of of the soil. had it been photographed by a mo- Father Nile tumbling down a gorge It was the pygmies who brought tion picture camera, the Pearsons had that narrows in the rock to a width the Pearsons to the haunt of the been assured. Mariari, the snake doc- of about eight feet—turns on its side okapi — that sleek-hided cross seem- tor, the head of the cult of dancers, as the commentator sets forth—to ingly between a zebra and a giraffe is the absolute dictator of his subjects. get through. It is a sec|uence that —the animal which so far as known At the opening of the dance snakes will cling to the memory. never had been seen by a white man are brought from boxes and thrown Thrills for Amateurs of it before 1901. Natives had told into the center of a cleared space. until it seen by to travelers, but was There are all sizes and many kinds, The closing shots are of the Latu- believed. a white man they were not or several anyway. There are cobras, kas, a tribe of men averaging seven Sir Harry In the year mentioned puff adders, black mambas, pythons feet in height. These raisers of goats Johnston, British naturalist and ex- and boomslungs. In one distinct in- stage a dance of the rain for their of jungle and plorer, came out the stance, and immediately following a visitors. It starts as the sun falls reported he had seen such a creature. warning by the commentator, we see below the horizon, as shadows in the friends It was only through making one of the raised and hooded cobras accompanying photograph attest. The with the pygmies the Pearsons were strike a native in the calf of the leg. spears carried by these giants are 20 locate one. Their hunt was able to The blow is unheeded. feet in length, but the easy manner however, for they secured rewarded, in which they are handled gives no considerable length. Cult Members Immune close-up shots of cue to their weight or length. Cer- It is believed to be the first photo- The natives are described as being tainly it’s a magnificent race. This graph ever made in his habitat, of immune to the poison, between the fact added to another that through life this rare animal, not one of which medicine administered by Mariari and the members of the tribe adhere to the United States ever has reached the hypnotic state attained during the their birthday garb may afford some alive. Its hide has a purple sheen. progress of the dance. Those who support to the nudists in their claim Driving Finish are not uncomfortably snake conscious that clothes never were any good will get an abundance of thrills in anyhow. The last dozen minutes of the sixty this sequence. There will be others As we said in the beginning the this picture holds the screen are espe- who will close their eyes. amateur cinematographers are going cially fast and packed with excitement In a visit to the Buganda tribe we to get many a thrill in viewing this and motion. see women carrying burdens of 80 picture. They will share two thrills On the way to the snake country pounds of wood on their backs besides —one with their fellow-amateurs and the Pearsons photographed an attack a husky baby, doing it in a matter-of- another with the multitude who as by locusts on the papyrus reeds—an fact manner and without appearance yet know nothing of the joys and attack which in one night totally de- of thinking it a hardship. We see — nuded the reeds of all vegetation. It many dozen-foot crocodiles sporting pains—of the camera addict. is a weird scene and finely and effec- along the banks of the Nile. G. B.

The Poet-Photographer and the clarity and smoothness of his at concentration on his photography. panoramic shots prove his title to kin- But we may forget that. his evening of March 24 at ship with men who have been touched What he has accomplished T the Bell and Howell auditorium in undoubt- by nature with the photographic Hollywood this writer sat in on a edly has exceeded what he aimed to 16mm exhibition by Charles A. Nel- spirit. do—mainly so to arouse the interest son of three examples of his work in Mr. Nelson opened with a dance of of young folks that they will seek the Kodachrome. Mr. Nelson is Director of marionettes—a worthwhile subject joy of the hills while yet they are Visual Recreation, with offices in San and one plainly presenting many diffi- young and able to “stand the gaff” Francisco. Although he has been a culties in photographing. His second of the climbing and the rigorous ef- follower actively of motion pictures was “The Aztec Metropolis.” Really fort that goes with “packing in” but four years already he has written it was a tour from San Francisco by when among the clouds. He will bring a book entitled “Natural Color Film the sea to Mexico, with many stops to older persons thousands of miles What It Is and How to Use It.” It is along the way, on the ocean front and from the scene of his work the glories slated to be published in April. in the interior. It showed people and of the hills and the beauties of the After looking at his color stuff on structures and places of interest. changing moods of nature. the screen we will take the liberty of Among the more spectacular shots In this three weeks’ hike Mr. Nel- and we do not believe the slightest were those on the water at the begin- son carried a small Bell and Howell ning or the end of day. chance in recommending it as author- and an Eastman Special. We may be- itative. His titles show he has the The third was the tops of the show, lieve him when he says looking after soul of the poet; his genius for com- “The Song of the Trail,” the record the welfare of a dozen boys and trav- position and his eye for color and of a jaunt of three weeks in the High eling ten miles a day cramped his striking effects that he is an artist; Sierras in which the photographer photographic style. Nevertheless and his pacing, or tempo, if you will, fathered a dozen boys on a trip to what he accomplished will put under in his effective bringing out of the the roof of the world. Mr. Nelson ad- the spell of enchantment every city best in the great bellying waterfalls, mits he was carrying responsibilities dweller or lowlander privileged to see and the definition of his photography that in a measure diverted his efforts “The Song of the Trail.” ft

iHE famous Cine-Kodak K, most CiXfi-KODAK Fight, Model 00, widely used 10 mm. camera, has just is the goal of all 8 mm. enthusiasts. been reduced to a figure that makes Now you can buy this splendid cam- $'-20 its it a rare bargain, indeed. Finished in era at a saving of under former genuine leather and shining chro- price. It's a carefully fabricated little

mium, the “K” is as smart in appear- movie maker finished outside in real Its ance as it is in performance. It comes leather and glistening chromium. as a fine watch. equipped with the Kodak Anastigmat f.1.9 lens, which interior is as beautifully engine-turned is interchangeable with seven accessory lenses ranging Its fast /.l.O lens is interchangeable with a 13^-inch from a 15 mm. wide angle to a 0-inch telej)hoto. It telephoto (extra) which magnifies three times. The loads with 50- or 100-foot rolls of the five 10 mm. Cine- Model 00 has an automatic footage indicator, built-in Kodak Films. Among its features are two sj)eeds, auto- exposure guide, snap-back carrying handle incorporat- matic footage indicator, waist-height reflecting finder ing its full-vision finder system. Ask your Cine- Kodak “00." and full-vision eve-level finder. Here, certainly, is the dealer to show you the de luxe Now, more than buy of the year for particular movie makers. ever before, it’s worth the difference.

CINE-KODAK CINE-KODAK EIGHT ^ MODEL K MODEL 60 9

lens. $82.50 with matched ^with Kodak Anaslipmat /.1. 9 lens. $100, even, with the ^with Kodak Anastigmat /.1. 9 film, ami filters. matched carrying case for camera, film, extra lens, and filters. carrying case for camera, accessory lens,

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, ROCHESTER, N.Y. 160 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

ian JAMES is going a-gypsying to the South Seas. Just to make R tne vagabondage 100 percent complete he will tote a battery of 16mm cameras, backed up by all the doodads and gadgets that go along to aid in confusing the less expert pho- RIAN JAMES tographer. For this prospective traveler is no new-comer in the realm of cameras and lenses. Literally he has in the TO SOUTH SEAS not remote past shot thousands and thousands of feet of that same 16mm stuff—shot it until it became a grim question whether he would quit cutting film through the night or get A-GYPSYING GOES back to his neglected typewriter and its awaiting wampum. The motion picture equipment the plays and pictures, and who, above all With Mrs. James, this restless son skipper will carry includes a Bell and these, is himself a writer of drama, of Texas, who admits he was born in Howell 16mm camera with color at- surely as a director it will be con- the Lone Star State that he might be tachment, an Eastman 16mm camera, ceded he rates at least near profes- near his mother in his less robustious a Kodascope projector and a complete sional. years, plans to leave Los Angeles in cutting outfit. All shooting will be On the photographic side the reader May. With a professional crew of from straight negative. Stills will may form his own conclusions. Per- two and an amateur guest crew of five be taken care of with a Leica, a Gra- haps the same reader may have suf- the party of nine will sail on the writ- flex and two other cameras. Film will ficient faith in the skipper’s skill with er’s 67-foot schooner Hispaniola, built be stored in a vault the temperature the camera to share with the writer to accommodate twelve. The craft car- of which is electrically controlled. For of these lines in expressing in advance ries a 120-horsepower motor. night stills the ship will carry three a wish to get a peek at any stuff that Cine Equipment gross of flash lamps. finally may issue from the writer-di- Few amateur photographers ever rector-cameraman’s editing. of The voyage may last any part have embarked on a long journey That stuff ought to be good. a year. There will hard and be no overseas on picturemaking bent with Let’s go a little further into that fast itinerary, that left largely being a mutual background matching that background thing to which reference on the lap of the gods, which be may of Mr. and Mrs. James. In the first has just been made. When the editor another way of saying as may be de- place the skipper long has had a pro- got a tip Rian James was planning a termined by the wishes of the major- nounced yen for the water. The His- sea trip and that he would make 16mm ity. There is one haven, however, paniola is his second boat. Mrs. pictures he knew that right there must that definitely is listed, along with the James like her husband is a good be a tale to interest readers of The approximate time that anchor will be sailor. The two also share a pro- American Cinematographer. dropped. nounced urge to transfer the world That is Tahiti, where the party will and its works to film. And they have A Den and a Half be situated from the coming Decem- had abundant experience and together ber until the following March. burned much midnight oil in cutting Later an appointment was made for their own pictures. a chat at the James home in Beverly It has been announced the skipper Hills. The visitor was shown into the IS' will make one or more feature length writer’s workshop to await the coming 16mm subiects while away—that he of the man of the house, delayed un- will write his own stories, that he will expectedly at a studio. The visitor direct them and then just to make the slid into an easy chair and his eyes job complete will photograph them. roamed. To one congenitally stung First hand will he le^rn if there bp by an outdoor bee, a sting its victim any truth in that old saw about the never had been able to get out of his cooks. For some time now there has system, the room had rare appeal. been a belief amo'mting to a convic- For it was an outdoor man’s den tion that in the making of pictures the as well as a workshop. It had been saw is right. so designed in the beginning. Over the writer’s desk was a skvlight, with Who Said Amateur? a protective green shade. The ceiling was beamed. Aside from the heavily Certainlv on the writing sule Rian concreted firepla'^e the walls were in James will be unable to ouahfy as an the natural wood. Windows were on amateur. There he is full-fledged pro- two sides. Bookshelves in quadruple fessional. Neither can it be said quite banks were on three sides—and they in all truth that as a director he is were filled to the limit, nearly all of an amateur. With one who knows life the books being first editions, for as he has found it and who has faced which the owner has a fondness and of death as he has faced it; who knows which he possesses a couple of thous- drama in theorv and who recognizes and volumes. it when it confronts him: who knows Elephants bronze and otherwise, the traditions of stage and screen and thronged the shelves. There may who has rubbed elbows on Broadway have been thirty of them. Of ship’s Mr. and Mrs. Rian James. and in Hollywood with the makers of lanterns, in uni(|ue designs, there were —

April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 161

1 ing been starred in “Life in the Day of a Dog,” written and photographed his mastei’. i by

I “Do you plan to do any newspaper work or any other writing while on your trip?” the visitor asked his host. - - Scenarist Soldier Columnist “Probably no newspaper work,” was the answer. “I expect to do a book Packing 16mm Cameras Turns or two for my publishers, though.” He smiled, again, as he added: “Just have to eat, you know.” To Vagabondage for a Year

Aboard Good Ship Hispaniola LEICA AUXILIARY RANGE FINDERS

E. Leitz, Inc., announces that three more. pipe rack twenty-sixth jump to learn for himself half a dozen or A types of Leica range finders are now It it were true tnere was a sum ctiance on an ash tray was in the form of a available for use with cameras of oi tor a ever successfully to make ship’s wheel. A paperweignt was man various sizes, including professional twenty-nve leaps. And he windlass design, with a double turn more tnan and amateur motion picture cameras has undei taken the delayed opening of rope. There was a husky block that and large “still” cameras. The “Fo- wind- of the ’chute that he mignt add to his might have done service on a fer” is for miniature and vest pocket dropping jammer. experiences tne sensation of cameras where the range finder can A table lamp carried a painting of as a dead weight. be relatively close to the lens. a sloop on its shade, with a ship’s It is graduated through 300 feet wheel mounted on its standard. Then Eagle Columnist from 3V2 feet to infinity. The “Fonor” the roving eyes picked up a pair of is for larger “still” cameras and heavily varnished oars, stacked near Following the war the veteran in 16mm and 8mm amateur movie the fireplace. Just above the near turn was advertising writer, reporter, cameras. It is graduated from 1% lounge on which the visitor was rest- war correspondent, feature syndicate feet through 150 feet to infinity. This ing was a spacious and well-equipped salesman and columnist. In the type has a compensation of 5 inches, cocktail tray suspended from a rope couise of his wanderings he has so so it may be placed conveniently at the attached to its rim. Loops at stem far visited thirty-one countries. back of the camera, and yet read ac- and stern provided handles for con- Perhaps his better known work, in curately for the footage scale which veying the raft. the East in any event, was through is calculated from the lens position. his affiliation with The Brooklyn For 35mm motion picture cameras Young Arsenal Eagle. There for seven years he the “Fokin” range finder is an- wrote for the Sunday magazine of his nounced. It is calibrated from 2 feet Conspicuous on a wall were three paper ‘‘The Inky Way.” Weekdays he through 100 feet to infinity, and has These shotguns and a rifle—the latter power- contributed “Reverting to Type,” his a compensation of 9 inches. ful enough to stop a tank. By the comments on what he saw and heard range finders are described in a new door was another rifle in its boot. A in carrying out his assignment as Leica leaflet. No. 7574a, available couple of pairs of full-growm 45s and ‘ Biooklyn Ambassador to Broadway,” fi'om E. Leitz’ New York office. another couple looking like 38s on a which The Eagle proudly proclaimed 45 base along with a pair of spurs him. decorated a shelf. Across from these Then for a year after coming to a broad-brimmed hat seemed to com- Hollywood and while engaged in plete the Texas atmosphere. screen writing the columnist continued The visitor envisioned a circum- his work for The Eagle, relinquishing stance or two where the constituent it with extreme regret and only parts of this young arsenal might against the coming of the day he may seem to be very comforting compan- invent some scheme whereby he may ions in some near or distant part of work in Brooklyn and live in Califor- the world. nia. The reporter’s speculative romanc- Asked if his party for the South ing was interrupted by the return of Seas was complete the writer replied the householder. The visitor declined it was not quite. He had received to concede any apologies for delayed eighty applications up to that time, arrival were due. Instead the thanks but because of the absolute urgency of of the latter were extended for the signing a congenial group he was ex- rare visual entertainment. ercising great care in the selection. Rian James is an unusually young He had declined some flattering mon- looking man for a World War veteran etary offers from prospective pas- of more than four years standing sengers, as he was determined to for a soldier who enlisted in Canada make it entirely a democratic group, and then when the United States got one in which all would be workers. into the muss had himself released for The three pups of the James house- service with Uncle Sam. hold are slated to be members of the He is youthful looking for a man party and possibly also of the troupe who has encountered the dangers of an that will be organized. One of these, aviator and a parachutist. As to the an unusually intelligent wire-haired latter he is reported to have made his terrier, already is a movie hero, hav- Motorized Schooner Hispanola.

f 162 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

theme to knit the scenes into a co- herent picture. Then they collaborate on any needed “added scenes” for this continuity and in writing and photographing the titles. SERGEANT TEOREY IS The Teoreys’ first major production was a film record of the Chester’s cruise to the Orient carrying the late OUTSTANDING DISCIPLE Secretary of War Bern. The framework upon which this is hung is furnished by the Sergeant’s letters to OF 8mm MOVIE MAKING his wife. So complete was Teorey’s coverage of his story that only a few added scenes showing Mrs. Teorey re- By William Stull, A.S.C. ceiving and reading the letter were needed. The idea also permitted the use of typewritten title cards. FFICIALLY he is First Sergeant Robert W. Teorey, An insert of the letter and a sheaf of snapshots reads, “* * Senior Enlisted Man, Marine Corps Detail, U. S. * and until I get home the inclosed snapshots will O Cruiser “Chester.” Unofficially he is Bob Teorey, gives you some idea of the cruise.” As she looks at the 8mm. sharpshooter and member (when in port) of the Los first snapshot the picture opens showing the Secretary of Angeles 8mm. Club. By reckoning, he is an outstanding War boarding the Chester. exponent of amateur movie making as it should be prac- ticed. Balances Scenery and Action Teorey’s movies do credit to the traditional efficiency of the Marines. Technicalities he keeps “well in hand.” He From then on the scenes carry one at a rapid pace from would probably be the first to resent any implication that San Francisco to Hawaii and then across the Pacific to exposure, filtering and lighting give him no trouble—but Japan. In his cutting Teorey has achieved an excellent on the screen his pictures flow with an effortless smooth- balance between shots of the official ceremonies relating ness that conceals all hints of technical problems. More- to the ship’s distinguished passenger, glimpses of everyday over, every scene seems to have been made with a pur- life aboard and scenery at the points visited. pose. And by painstaking attention to the details of editing, There are colorful shots of the formal calls of high Nip- continuity, and title-craft, he makes even his “home- ponese officials in Yokohama; intimate close-ups of Secre- movies” well worth seeing. tary Bern and the Chester’s officers; and scenic shots In all of this, Mrs. Teorey plays a quiet but definite part. ashore and afloat which would gladden the heart of any Far from being a “camera widow,” she is as enthusiastic photographer. about the cine-filming hobby as is her husband. While There are telling shots of Chinese life in Shanghai and the Sergeant concentrates on photography, cutting and Hongkong. One of these speaks eloquently of the poverty title making, she devotes her attention to the equally im- of China’s millions. A family living on a small sampan portant problems of continuity and title writing. Each hovers around the cruiser, hungrily collecting the garbage perfectly supplements the other’s inclinations. thrown overboard. The father makes a downward sweep Like many another cinefilmer, Teorey’s interest in the with a long-handled net; a second later a telephoto shot hobby goes back many years, but his active Aiming dates shows his little girl eating the morsel he salvaged. from the relatively recent introduction Teorey admits two things were of After 8mm. what he admits seemed against him in this picture—the like an eternity of window shopping, weather, nrevailingly bad, and a short- gazing yearningly at deluxe 16mm. age of film. “In Honolulu, Tokio, and cineboxes, he was one of the first to Manila,” he says, “I had no trouble march in and buy when the Cine- getting 8mm. film; but in some of the Kodak 8 appeared. Today he uses a other ports it wasn’t so easy. When I newer, f:1.9 version of this same caught myself running low on film I’d camera, which he makes perform in try to postpone every possible scene a way to excite the envy of more than until I had plenty of film. a few adherents of the larger film. “*Once. arriving in Manila, we were greeted by a delegation of Filipinos Stresses Continuity in most unusual outrigger canoes. T got a few shots of them, but deter- Teorey would probably make a suc- mined to shoot more when I had been cessful newsreel cameraman, for he ashore and replenished my film supply. has an instinctive appreciation for But the nfxt dav, when I Iiad the film, good film subjects. Ranging land and tl-iey were gone. They were hill peo- sea with his cinebox, he “covers” his ple, down especially to greet the Sec- story completely, never overlooking retary!” intimate action in his natural desire to film pictorial scenic shots, and on Filmed President’s Cruise the alert for bits of human interest wherever he is. When he gets home Teorey’s next imnortant film was he has a detailed record of his cruise. the story of the Chester’s cruise to At this point Mrs, Teorey enters South America, convoying the Presi- the nicture. While her husband dent. This film was bound together “rough cuts” the nicture, getting the bv presentation as a “movie party.” scenes assembled in their correct The opening scene shows Teorey com- order, her active mind searches for a First Sergeant Teorey ing home after the cruise. Next, his —

April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 163 friends arrive to see his pictures. They seat themselves Focusing is done very simply. The la.mp socket is fixed while Teorey is shown setting up the projector and the to a length of sturdy brass tube, which passes out througn picture proceeds. the back end of the lamp and through a set screw collar The film is quite as interesting as the China cruise pro- soldered to the pan. Moving this rod in and out “spots” duction and, thanks to more camera wisdom and the or “floods” the beam; the feed wire to the globe is inside virtues of a 23-A filter for sea and sky shots, more effective the rod. The lamp mounts on the same stand as his five- photographically. The titles are exceptionally good, and cent floodlight—and its cost was nil. there are several animated maps, all home-made with the Sergeant’s C-K-8! Home Movies With a Purpose This filming Marine is definitely a “Gadgeteer, First Class.” He has an inventive mind and enjoys building Ashore Teorey resolutely refuses to make movies of practical gadgets that widen the scope of his camerawork. his friends unless they are willing to “do something defi- Some of these devices enable him to do camera tricks no nite.” He gives two reasons for this. “First of all,” he purchased accessories include. Others serve as substitutes says, “I’m selfish. I want folks to look at my pictures. for expensive commercial accessories. All of them were Nobody cares to look a second time if you insult them made simply from discarded odds and ends that can be with haphazard shots of people doing aimless, silly things. found around any home. Second, people aren’t natural in front of a movie camera One of the handiest and simplest was achieved simply unless they have something definite to do. by bending the handle of his Testrite tripod-head. Not “We’ve made one or two simple little photoplaylets, but only does this give him a more convenient grip when as I’m ashore so little most of our films have had to be making panning shots, but by simply pulling the handle simpler and more impromptu. We make little skits down fully he can fold the tripod without having to re- ancdotes on film. The ideas for these come from all sorts move the tilting handle! Continued on Pasre 169 For Camera Whirls

In one of Teorey’s shoregoing films he used quick whirls of the camera for rapid transitions. When asked how he did that he brought out a most amazing gadget and con- fessed it cost him exactly nothing. But it does the trick! Two strips of wood, joined in L shape, carry the camera, which is held in place by an ordinary wing bolt screwing into the tripod socket. Attached to the upright of the L, and in line with the axis of the lens, is a length of metal rod. On this, hung at right angles in a simple bearing, is a strip of tubing threaded at the bottom to fit the tripod’s screw. Beyond the bearing the shaft continues to a handle which began life as a phonograph crank. When the device is screwed to the tripod, and the camera fitted in its cradle, turning the crank spins the camera neatly around the axis of its lens. And when the camera is held steady in the upside-down position the making of reversed- motion shots is greatlv simplified! Gadgeteer Teorey blushes when he admits that his excellent twin-photoflood floodlight required the outlay of a whole nickel. The stand was the base of an old dress- maker’s form, salvaged from an attic. Its upper extension was a salvaged strip of metal rod. The two reflectors, which began their careers as small aluminum saucepans, are carried on the ends of two arms made from discarded gaspipe. These arms are on a flex- ible, universal-joint mounting made from bits of old strap metal and bolts. The lamp sockets were likewise salvaged from the family iunk bin. But he had to buy a pair of five-cent lampshade fittings to clamp the lamp socket to the saucepan reflectors.

Retrieves Percolator

Most recently Teorey has made a serviceable spotlight out of a discarded percolator and an old aluminum double boiler. In place of the percolator’s glass top is a plano- convex lens from an old flashlight. The body of the lamp is made by cutting away the bottom of the percolator and fitting this shell into the top of the double boiler. The holes that originally took the handle bolts on the utensils serve now to take bolts that hold the lamphouse together. The bottom of the percolator, suitably trimmed down, serves, as a reflector behind the photoflood globe, which is screwed horizontally in an ordinary socket. Ventilation is provided through several holes punched in the lower part of the lamphouse, and through the opening left by whirling removing the spout of the coffee pot. A flat, raised metal Top, Sergeant Teorey’s coffee-pot spotlight. Center, the five-cent twin floodlight. light baffle is placed over this hole. camera gadget. Bottom, the 164 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

AMATEUR MOVIE CLUB NEWS

tor of 2. The factor for the orange G Technical Committees receiving hearty filter is from 3 to 414 with the type congratulations. A emulsions, and only 214 with the type C. The red 23-A filter has a L. A. CINEMA CLUB factor of 7 on type A emulsions, and PARAMOUNT CLUB DISCUSSES HEARS TALKS ON FILM only 314 with type C. COLOR Discussing Kodachrome, Andrews The March meeting of the Los An- The young and thriving Paramount stated this film now rates at 80 per geles Cinema Club was devoted to Movie Club, composed of non-photo- cent (Weston 8) on the sensitivity discussions and demonstrations of the graphic workers in the Paramount scale. leading types of 16mm. film. East- Studio, held its third meeting on He stressed the fact that there are man, Agfa, Pellex, Hollywoodland and March 12. The meeting was devoted only four proper uses of the Koda- Rex products were represented. Hall to a discussion of Kodachrome film- chrome haze filter: 1, to absorb the Todd, the Pellex representative, of- ing. Gordon A. Chambers of the East- excess of ultra-violet encountered at fered an unusual demonstration of man Kodak Company’s Hollywood sci- high altitudes; 2, to reduce the tend- Super-Pellex by submitting two rolls entific staff was the speaker of the ency toward bluish shadows in snow to tests made by the Club’s Technical evening and gave a noteworthy talk scenes; 3, to curb the tendency toward Committee at the start of the meet- on Kodachrome and its use. He also a bluish cast on overcast hazy days; ing, processing the film and later re- was pressed into service to criticise 4, to curtail the bluish haze on ex- turning to show it on the screen before several Kodachrome pictures made by tremely distant long-shots. The lat- the meeting adjourned. members of the club. ter use, he pointed out, was largely Irving H. Andrews, the Eastman William Stull, A.S.C., representing a matter of personal preference; the representative, spoke at considerable the American Cinematographer Mag- filter is not mandatory for such length and gave several valuable facts azine, was introduced and spoke brief- scenes. relative to Eastman’s various cine ly, congratulating the club on inter- films. The firm’s sensitivity rating, esting studio employes in personal he revealed, based on an arbitrary Advises Against Delay movie making. figure of 100, gives the following The feature of the evening was a Speaking of the newer Type A speed factors for the four types of showing of the Kodachrome feature, Kodachrome for use under artificial Eastman black-and-white reversal “The Story of Linetta,” filmed by F. light, he stressed that it was made films: P. Judson. This film, winner of a for use with Photoflood globes, and Percent special award in the American Cine- will not work satisfactorily with or- 8mm. Cine-Kodak film 80 matographer’s 1935 Contest, was pre- dinary Mazda globes, which give a 16mm. Safety Film 120 sented with its full sound accompani- yellower light. If the same roll is Regular Panchromatic 160 ment. to be used both indoors and out, he Super-Sensitive Pan 240 It was decided to change the club’s advised choosing type A Kodachrome It is only chance, Mr. Andrews regular meeting date to the first and making the exteriors with the stated, that striking off the 0 in these Thursday of each month, to avoid proper Type A daylight filter. He ratings gives the Weston speed rat- conflict with meetings of other studio urged against leaving a partly-exposed ings. groups. Wilton Carneal is the presi- roll of Kodachrome in the camera, as dent of the Paramount Movie Club and the latent image deteriorates, and the Three Types of Pan Marlyn Webber secretary. emulsion is likely to stick in the aper- He .stated that the Kodak labora- ture. Kodachrome processing sta- tories had evolved three types of com- tions are now operating in Rochester, STATEN ISLAND CINEMA MEETS mercial panchromatization, referred Chicago, Los Angeles, London, Paris, to as types A, B, and C. The type A Berlin and Melbourne, Australia. At a meeting March 18 of the Sta- was the earliest, and is featured by Agfa’s demonstration film had un- ten Island Cinema Club H. P. Rock- a low red sensitivity. The regular fortunately been delayed in the mail, well, Jr., of the Weston Electrical 16mm. panchromatic reversal film is and the improvised filter-tests shown, Instrument Corporation gave a talk, now the only representative of this made by a local photographer, were illustrated by lantern slides, on ex- group in the cine field. The type C admittedly incomplete. posure problems and the use of the emulsion has a higher red sensitivity Hollywoodland Studios and Rex Weston Exposure Meter. and is represented by C-K 8mm. film, Film Laboratory each showed two The films shown were “White Kodak Safety Film and SuperSensi- types of reversed-positive film, each North,’’ winner of A.S.C. award; “The tive. with a Weston rating of 8 for day- First Year,” the club’s own production, These types of panchromatization light. Hollywoodland’s Super film recording the birth and growth of the have an important bearing on filter- was stated to have a Weston speed organization; “Sequoia,” a scenic ing. The type C emulsions require of 6 for Mazda lighting. film of the redwood forests by Frank no increase in exposure for such yel- The meeting was pronounced one E. Gunnell, and “Bryce Canyon Won- low filters as the K-2 and CK2, while of the most constructive yet held. derland,” in color, by Frank E. Gun- with type A these filters have a fac- President Bailey and the Program and nell. Both of Mr. Gunnell’s films were April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 165 accompanied by recorded music and graphed by Mr. and Mrs. F. N. Hirst. CINEMA CLUB SPONSORS sound effects. The latter film won The subject included some remark- EXPOSITION the 1936 contest of the Metropolitan able scenes. Matching in attractive- Club will Motion Picture Club. ness the work in the field was the The Los Angeles Cinema titling, described as “exceptional in sponsor an exposition of amateur equip- its brilliancy.” motion picture cameras and LOS ANGELES 8MM CLUB April at the Using jet black paper as a base, a ment on Tuesday, 6, silver typewriter ribbon and hand- Arcady Hotel, Wilshire boulevard and The regular meeting of the Los painted flowers and objects, in pro- Rampart, Los Angeles. Angeles Eight Millimeter Club was 16 portion to the typewriter letters, Mr. This display of the latest 8 and held in the auditorium of Eastman Hirst was able to develop a combina- millimeter equipment will be worthy Kodak Company, 6796 Santa Monica represented, tion of colors in his title that will set of the industry being boulevard, March 9. President F. R. a mark plenty tough for his fellow- such firms as Bell and Howell, East- Loscher was in the chair. Movie members to go after. man, Victor, Simplex, Craig Membership buttons were present- “Wanderlust” has been highly Supply Company, with Ampro, Key- ed by Vice President John E. Walter accessories. Harrison will praised by officials in the Eastman stone and to five new members. Four women filter exhibit, Thalhammer an plant, citing it as an example of not- have a now are members. able photography. The company made exhibit of tripods and the amateur Due to the feminine increase in frame enlargements from a number movie magazines will be represented. membership. President Loscher ap- of the scenes. Considering Mr. Hirst In addition to the movies and movie pointed a Ladies Activities Commit- will rather com- used nothing but 3.5 fixed focal lens, equipment there be a tee, consisting of Mrs. Alva Cadarette cameras. no meter and no tripod, the results plete display of candid chairman, with Mrs. Lucille M. Linn, interested in such an ex- are all the more remarkable. Everyone assistant. is cordially invited to attend Paul J. Gelzer has been named position The president announced the secre- chairman of the membership commit- during the afternoon of April 6. tary was revising his filing system of H. Bailey, M.D., is president tee and it is expected the club short- LeRoy members and requested members pres- Cinema Club and ly will reach its limit of seventy-five. of the Los Angeles ent to fill out new application blanks secretary-treasurer. Already the roster is close to sixty. Dr. Freebairn is prepared by the secretary so the of- The affairs of the club were so ficers might be more helpful. CINE CLUB HEARS TALK satisfactorily conducted during the A sample copy of Thru the Filter ON FILTERS last year the members at the election (proposed new club publication) was held during the course of the evening The Cinema Club of San Francisco, passed to the members, and it was re-elected all of the incumbents. With which is, as its letterhead sets forth, decided to table further discussion un- the committees they are: R. M. Hoot, “an organization of amateur cinema- til the April meeting. president; G. A. Pittman, vice presi- tographers,” was entertained at its The usual ten-minute period devoted dent; A. L. 0. Rasch, secretary-treas- meeting March 30 by Member David to the technical committee for an- urer. Redfield by a talk on filters, with an swering queries appeared to be popu- Executive committee, H. M. Sharp, accompanying demonstration. lar among members. B. N. Levene and the officers; tech- Shown on the screen were some of A short period was set aside for nical committee, chairman, H. R. Wil- the pictures taken at the Febiniary members who brought films for analy- son; program committee, chairman, demonstration as well as 500 feet of sis to project their films and allowing Ripley W. Bugbee; publications com- Kodachrome exhibited by Member the technical committee to judge their mittee, chairman, B. N. Levene; mem- L. A. Sharaeff entitled “Winter in pictures. From the number of films bership committee, chairman, Paul J. Yosemite.” submitted this feature looks as if it Gelzer. The program committee has decided is taking the fancy of members. to hold a contest, limited to 100 feet The president introduced Jim Bark- of 16mm or 25 feet of 8mm, opening er of the Max Factor make-up studios, BLUE BELL ENTERTAINS April 1 and ending May 25. The a man of wide experience in profes- March meeting was to announce a sional work in the picture plants. The members of all camera clubs title for the competition and the list Bion Vogel, a club member, volun- and their friends in metropolitan De- of prizes. teered to serve as the subject for the troit are cordially invited to meet At the preceding session of the club demonstration, which was that of with the Blue Bell Camera Club in Member Gordon Michie and Mrs. doubling the age, or may be more. the auditorium of the Telephone Michie produced a short skit filmed Anyway, it was of exceeding interest. Building Wednesday evening, April 7, by Members Michie, Breyman and The session was a long one, but no at 8 o’clock. Dr. Thatcher. Mr. and Mrs. Vernon one thought of walking out. Arrangements have been made to Halletz, who played the scenes in a Mr. Barker will return for the next have Hillary G. Bailey, F.R.P.S., tell subjec texhibited, demonstrated much meeting. A full house is assured in about recent developments in photo- about lighting to their fellow-mem- advance. graphic materials and technique. This bers. is an excellent opportunity to hear RUMANIA PLANS LABS PHILADELPHIA CINEMA about what is new. It will not be a trade talk. The Rumanian weekly magazine At the monthly meeting March 9 As publicity and publications man- Memento reports an order has been of the Philadelphia Cinema Club six ager for Agfa-Ansco Mr. Bailey knows '^iven for the payment of 20 mil- members showed films. Also thrown what is going on and he is familiar lion lei ($140,000) from the National on the screen was a composite film of with the amateur point of view. As Cinematography Fund to the Ministry the club’s first anniversary banquet a writer and as a pictorialist he has of Education for the furnishing of in February, photographed by a quar- been well known for many years. scientific laboratories in the univer- tet of the members. The exhibit was A 16mm sound feature will be pre- sities, reports American Consul Shel- a success. sented bv the movie section of the don T. Mills. The Journal of the One of the features of the show Club. Council of Ministers upon which this was “Wanderlust: or, A Trip to Eng- The Detroit clubs may look for- decision is said to have been based, land,” 600 feet of Kodachrome, photo- ward to this meeting for a rare treat. has not been published. 166 American Cinematographer » April, 1937

voltage, yet get away from high voltage starting requirements. Compact Arrangement GE Announces 100-Watt Lamp The outer bulb of this new 100-watt mercury lamp has a diameter of IV2 inches and an all-over length of less Giving Continuous Flashes than six inches. It consists of a tubular-shaped protecting envelope of soft glass. The inner bulb, also tubular, nswering an urgent demand of such subjects as children and house but about the size of a stubby fat by commercial photographers, pets. Ease of synchronization, the thumb, is made of extra-hard heat- A particularly by those engaged experts said, is another decided point resisting glass. This hollow glass in portrait work, for a cooler, more of advantage. “thumb” is only two inches long and economical, and effective light source. The new lamp, an off-shoot of pres- about an inch in diameter. Within is General Electric lighting engineers at ent higher wattage mercury vapor a small amount of mercury and Nela Paik announce as well under way lamps in use both in this country and enough argon gas to “start” the lamp. development of a combination 100-watt abroad, and its control device are The chief purpose of the outer bulb mercury lamp and a compact control strictly American achievements, each is to protect the inner bulb from mechanism by means of which one having been developed in the Nela drafts and to let the heart of the brilliant “flood-flash” after another Park laboratories. A relatively small lamp operate at reasonably uniform can be produced. bulb-within-a-bulb, the Flood-Flash temperatures. It also causes the lamp The Flood-Flash lamp and its con- lamp is the result of recent research to operate at the proper temperature trol device, when perfected, will be aimed at making an economical mer- needed to fully vaporize the consid- made available to photographers cury lamp that will operate at low erable amount of free mercury in the through the Mazda lamp manufactur- inner bulb. ers. The G-E Flood-Flash Control While the new Flood-Flash lamp is mechanism—in a kit about the size about as effective, photographically, of a workman’s lunch box—governs as a No. 20 Photoflash lamp, the the duration of the flash. It includes Flood-Flash lamp may be flashed a reactor or “choke” governing device hundreds of times, whereas the Photo- designed to keep the lamp from flash lamp can be flashed but once. “I'acing away with itself” while in The new development capitalizes a operation. striking characteristic of the unique 100-watt mercury lamp, namely, its Wabash Claims Flash ability to withstand an untold num- Gives Greater Light ber of sudden powerful “doses” of electrical energy, to each of which it For the first time since photoflash responds by emitting a brilliant light- lamps were invented several years ago ning-like flash. These flashes, labora- a radically new type called Superflash tory experts explain, can be made to has been developed and perfected, re- occur at will, each within so brief a ports the Wabash Photolamp Corpora- twinkling as one-sixtieth of a second. tion of Brooklyn, which has been ex- And if desired, a peak brilliancy of perimenting for some time with flash several million lumens can be pro- photography and flash bulbs. duced. The new lamp is claimed to give Present laboratory specimens of the 50 percent more total illumination than new lamp have been designed to work the foil type and to be the fir.st photo- most effciently at normal studio ex- flash lamp the design and construction posures, that is from one-twentieth of which permit a definite exact con- to one-flftieth of a second, and with trol of flashing characteristics. the aid of either a mechanical or elec- Unlike the foil tvpe, the light pro- trical synchronizer. ducing medium of the Superflash is a fine hydrolanium wire the exactly Material Economies measured diameter of which predeter- That the Flood-Flash development mines the timing characteristics of the holds promise of making possible ma- flash, and where the exactly measured terial economies and efficiencies is in- length predetermines the intensity and dicated by the following known facts: volume of light, so that uniform iden- Use of the new lamp eliminates the tical results are secured with every customary excessive heat generated flash. by conventional lighting equipment in Another radical innovation in pho- most studios. Wattage consumption toflash bulbs is the blue Safety Spot for a single flash of not more than which each Superflash carries as pro- one-twentieth of a second amounts to tection against misses, spoiled nega- only five watt-hours or thereabouts. tives and exploding bulbs. Explosions The phenomenally great amount of of photoflash bulbs are caused by air light produced momentarily permits seeping into the bulb, but if air enters an instantaneous exposure. Actual the Superflash bulb the Safety Spot photography with the lamp shows that Untouched picture of Taffy, showing how turns pink, thus warning the photog- Floodflash “stopped” his motions as he pawed its flash “stops” ordinary motion, per- rapher to use only perfect blue spot the air and waved his long ears in a success- mitting interesting and clear pictures ful attempt to stand on his hind legs. bulbs. April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 167 GINNING ABROAD AT HOME By Albert N. Mueller, M. D.

ost everyone harbors an Holland, Ireland, Black Forest, India, fete), the New Year’s Mummers innate desire to visit foreign Flanders, Austrian Tyrol, Alps, Japa- parade, Philadelphia; also the flower M lands and see how other people nese cherry blossoms, Spanish Main, tournaments at Pasadena, Calif., and live, work and play; and where pos- English coast, Arabian desert, Malay Portland, Ore.; “Old Spanish Days

sible call on their kin-folks. . . . The coast, South America, Dead Sea (Sal- Fiesta,” Santa Barbara, takes place Cinei la News Reels help stimulate ton Sea), and the Sahara. in August, and the Tulip Parade, Hol- this popular interest and keep alive Our large cities, such as New York, land, Mich. the “wanderlust” instinct; the dreams Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles, that one hopes may some day come etc., with their cosmopolitan popula- The Classic at Home true. tion present a remarkable opportunity The immediate pleasure cf t aveling, for filming a variety of nationalities. We have picturesque cathedrals aside from new friendships gained, is Here one may see the world repre- galore, ancient and modern, with to look at nature, with awe, at its sented in native costume when cele- Gothic architecture and beautiful art grandeur and mystery. Later the brating its weddings, birthdays and glass windows, of priceless value. For traveler returning homeM^ard, in ret- other anniversaries, dances, holy days, instance, the Trinity Episcopal Church,

rospect and meditation, realizes that and amusements such as puppet shows. Rock Island, 111., has two altar panels he has a richer understanding of life. Many of the parades and celebra- by La Farge, considered classic and For those who are unable to go tions abroad have their counterpart among his best produced. abroad for various reasons, such as here, such as the Mardi Gras, New In the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, finances, time, health, etc., the United Orleans (sim'lar to the French Riviera Glendale, Calif., is a large stained States affords within its confines and glass reproduction of the famous contiguous borders many of the thrills, “Lord’s Last Supper” painting. Also scenery, fiestas, sports, and foreign there are numerous examples of mo- native atmosphere which Avhen filmed saic work as exemplified by the ex- can be an interesting substitute for terior of the Stanford University an around the world tour. Chapel, Palo Alto, California. There is an old saying that the The old Spanish Missions skirting grass always seems greener in our the Pacific Coast, because of their neighbor’s fields and thus we fail to pictursque and colorful quaintness, appreciate what wonderful advantages easily could fill several reels. Founded our own native land affords. Let us, by the Franciscan Fathers, in the therefore, take an imaginary “tour early days of California settlement, abroad,” a Cinemateur Globe Trotter for the conversion of the Indians, they in America. were built along the winding trails called El Camino Real or King’s West Coast Magic Highway. They extended from San Diego to San Francisco and were Ever mindful of composition and constructed of adobe, with roofs of proper continuity, our scenario may hand-made red tile. Each one is of start at a steamship dock filming the a typical Spanish architecture, with departure of an ocean liner with all colonades, patios, old walled flower the glamour and excitement present gardens, and fountains. at sailing; or a scene in a home of Today many have been restored and the family looking at travel literature are inhabited by monks as of old. and discussing a prospective cruise. San Fernando Mission, near Los An- The next scene or title can show a geles, is a fine example of an old change in plans and the decision to world monastery with its cloistered stav at home and “See America First.” charm and ever present bell tower. The state of California is the amateur filmer’s paradise, for within its Customs Changing borders are situated the requirements necessary to represent many nation- Skiing is one of the world’s oldest alities; as the professional cinema sports, dramatic and exhilarating. Yet movie companies have discovered and it is only in recent years that it has catalogued locations representing become popular in the United States, Alaska. Holy Land, Russia, Rural Eng- and a most rapid growth is predicted. land, French Riviera, Italian villas, Albert N. Mueller, M. D. Continued on Papre 170 168 American Cinematographer • April, 1937 HERE'S THE ANSWER

By A.S.C. MEMBERS

overexposing the center of your pic- the supplementary lens. This lens is ture. a simple spectacle-lens of the desired All told, a simpler way to get the power. At the far end of the wooden same result— still pictures from your base,, about an inch and a half nearer movie frames—is to copy or enlarge the “Stills” from Projected camera than the focal point, is a direct from the sub-standard it- 16mm. Frames film simple wire frame which indicates the self. I suggest that you read the ar- field covered. The following table in- I wish project “stills” to on a screen ticle on that subject which appears dicates the various dimensions, etc., of 16mm. film and to rephotograph elsewhere in this issue. for spectacle lenses of different them with a regular still camera. What JEROME H. ASH. A.S.C. powers, when used with 16mm. camera would be the strongest lamp which and 25mm. lens, or 8mm. camera and could be used in the projector without Finer Parallax in Close Shots 12.5mm. lens: burning the film ? What type of lens What do professional men with sub- Distance Field Size Displacement Supp. (d) (b X a) would be used in the still camera, and standard outfits parallax (e) Lens. do about Inches Inches Inches what it exposure? Would be possible when shooting closer than 15 feet? 39 12 X 16 6 1.0 Dioptre 191/2 3 2.0 Dioptre to use a translucent screen and photo- At a distance of five or six feet with 6x8 13 4 X 51/4 2 3.0 Dioptre the projection graph from the rear of a telephoto lens how do they follow 1114 3% X 41/2 2 3.5 Dioptre 10 such a screen ? motion, as of a bee gathering honey, 3x4 1V2 4.0 Dioptre 8 2% X 3% 1 5.0 Dioptre EDMUND A. GILLIS. for instance, and keep the image in Displacement (e) refers to the dis- Brooklyn. its proper place for good composition ? tance the wire frame is set back (to- Since you do not say what type of I have found the viewfinder of my ward the camera) from the actual projector you are using we cannot say 16mm. camera very unsatisfactory for focal plane. The camera lens is what would be the strongest lamp good close-ups. What I want is a focused at infinity. The supplementary you could safely use. If the heat-ab- finder that can be adjusted for paral- lens does not alter the stop markings, sorbing safety shutter of the projector lax, image right-side-up, large and nor change the exposure needed. is not thoroughly efficient, and if the clear, and one in which the image Fred Ells used a device of this lamp does not have a force fan to keep won’t shift when the eye is moved nature very successfully on his notable a current of cooling air moving past slightly up or down or from side to Contest Film of 1935, “In The Be- it, you will not be able to use so strong side. ginning,” for close shots of silkworms, a lamp as you could with an efficient HENRY WASHBURN, frogs, lizards, etc. The wire frame safety shutter and a force-ventilated Santa Cruz, Calif. serves as a finder, and obviously does lamphouse. The best source to turn In general, unless your camera is not give rise to much error in paral- for the answer to this question is the one of the very few the finders of lax. The camera can be used on a firm that designed and built your which make some attempt to correct tripod or in the hand, and “panned” projector. for parallax on close shots, you will with perfect freedom to follow the The lens used in your still-camera simply have to learn to allow for action of the animal or insect being should be free distorting aber- finder ask from parallax. Such a as you followed. rations: a srood ?nastigmat is definite- for could be made, but installing it WILLIAM STULL, A.S.C. ly preferable. Since you are photo- on a camera and calibrating it to work graphing an image on a flat sufficient accuracy would pro- screen with be Amateur Scenarios you must be able to focus your lens hibitively expensive. The finders on sharply on this screen. Since the professional cameras make this cor- I have been a reader of the Ameri- image is all in one nlane. depth of rection—some of them automatically: can Cinematographer for a long time focus is not particularly necessary. but such a finder, installed, costs more and have found it very helpful in my Since your image is not moving you than many a complete 16mm camera. amateur moving picture making. I can give as long an exposure as For a subject like the bee gather- have learned many new hints and also necessary. The exposure of course de- ing honey, a paper by J. W. McFar- about various useful gadgets. I am oends on the speed of the plate or land of the Kodak Research Labora- interested in securing a book containing scenarios which can be filmed by film you use. upon the size of the tory, “A c t i 0 n of Supplementary screen and the amount of light re- Lenses.” which appeared in the July, the amateur, like those you have published from time to time. Are there flected from it. The best guid ' to ex- 1934, issue of this magazine, suggests posure is an accurate photoelectric ex- a simple and practical method. anv such available ? posure meter. This is to make an accessory similar JOSEPH BITTO It is quite possible to use a trans- to the Cine-Kodak titler. In simplest (no address given) lucent screen. In some cases you may form, this would consist of a wooden Several years ago the Eastman get better illumination this way, and base drilled at one end to take a Kodak Company published a book of you \\ill certainly find it easier to get quarter-inch machine screw to engage this type called “Junior Scenarios.” a proper angle on the nrojected nic- the tripod socket of the camera, and This is understood to be out of print ture. On the other hand you are like- fitted with blocks to assure that the now, but copies may perhaps be avail- ly to get a “hot spot.” or area in the camera is always placed in the same able through some dealers or through center of the screen where there is position. the Kodak company in Rochester. greatlv more illumination than in the Immediately in front of the camera Some new books of this nature have rest of the nroief’ted image, thereby lens is a wooden upright which holds recently been announced for publica- — — —

April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 169

shortly. tion Among them is “Making them on the screen. As soon as I’ve Movies,” now being prepared by Syl- had time to get my pictures of the van Simon, Universal pro- Pictures Chester’s cruises cut I get plenty of duction executive. requests to show them to both my We regret that you did not give your commissioned and enlisted shipmates. address when you wrote us. This is “The compactness of 8mm. equip- really a most important thing to do ment is a big advantage on a war- in sending us questions. Aside from ship, where you haven’t much space giving evidence of the questioner’s to stow your camera kit. At that. I’m good faith, it frequently enables us lucky, for as Senior Enlisted Man of to answer him more fully. a Often our Marine Detail, I have an office question requires a more detailed an- You can make Titles like this with with a desk and locker where I can swer than is possible to print in the STAMl*-0-TITI.E always find room for an 8mm. camera. limited space this department allows. Complete Titling Outfit “Since I started my 8mm. filming Sometimes, too, your question may Effectively—Easily and Economically I I’ve converted several members of the You can make plain titles with not give enough detail to permit our or Chester’s crew to movie making. Two backgrounds in either 16mm or in experts to give you an specific 8mm answer Black-and-White and Kodachrome. The other marines and several sailors have enough to helpful. especially be If you give no patented STAMP-O-TITLE succumbed to the 8mm. bug. We help address we cannot write and ask you solution outlines the letters and forms an absorptive base for the Cold or each other out quite a bit. For in- for the details that will enable us to Silver powder. Atter use—lettering stance, when we crossed the equator give you a really practical answer. may be easily removed from STAMP- O-TITLE backgrounds with a special on the way to Buenos Aires, I, as a For your own protection in- always eradicating fluid leaving them blank “shellback” (I’d crossed the line be- clude your full in and clean for future use. name and address fore) was immune to the rough-and- STAMP-O-TITLE consists of 1 Bottle your letters.— [Ed. ready attentions Patented Fluid, 1 Bottle Eradicator, 1 of Neptune’s court. Vial each Cold and Silver Powder, Font So I packed two cameras—one of them T Cine Rubber Type, Type-Holder, with Handle, Tweexers, Inking Pad, 3 Com- for a shipmate who wanted a complete position Backgrounds. All for only record of his progress through Nep- Sergeant Teorey is Out- 4 o tune’s initiation. standing Disciple of 8mm Booklet on Request “When we’re in a strange port I If your dealer cannot supply you, send follow one rule that might help tour- check or money order to: ing civilians. Unless I team up with Continued from Page 163 Dept. A-4 another moviemaker I always go of sources. One of the best is those The STAMP-O- ashore alone. The average tourist series of “Miracle Eye” candid camera TITLE CO. whether he is a civilian or a marine pictures some newspapers print, show- 318 East 116th on liberty—isn’t particularly interest- St., New York ing movies stars telling a story in ed in pictures, nor is he patient or pictured action. helpful to one who is. Even a still “One I did recently (with myself as camera enthusiast isn’t interested in star) was from a series that showed the same subjects a moviemaker wants William Frawley telephoning his wife to shoot. So I always go alone. That alibi an for staying late at the office. way I have only mvself to blame if I Maybe the gags aren’t always new, don’t bring back the scenes I want!” but they are fun to do and fun to ( A second article, describing more of Ser- screen. And they give the victims geant Teorey’s ingenious gadgets, will appear something definite to do. That’s half in the May issue.) the secret of making good movies of people! V “Making movies in the Navy? Well, BRIDGE OPENING IN SOUND just lately they’ve issued orders A new 16mm single-reel film deal- against carrying cameras on ship- PRECISION ing with the construction and gala board, but they relax them in special opening of San Francisco’s magnifi- instances like the President’s cruise. In every step of lens manufacture, Coerz Precision is evident. In the cent new bridge is being offered by careful selection of the raw maferial, Bell & Howell Company’s film division. Shipmates Cooperate in the meticulous grinding and polishing, in the critical supervision of each The film follows the progress of con- detail, in the final, “Generally speaking, my shipmates rigorous tesfing struction with remarkably effective this precision holds—and affords to have been very generous in cooperat- users of Coerz Lenses an unequivocal and beautiful photography. ing and unconditional guarantee of their An intelligent narrative and a with my filming. That goes for quality and performance. everyone from the Commander right musical background add to the in-

Kino-Hypar f 2.7 and f ,/3 terest. The opening ceremonies, with down the line. The officers are glad , ; Focal Lengths 15 to 100mm. to help a filming shipmate get good many thousands of automobiles rac- Cinegor High Speed Lenses pictures of themselves and of official ing across the new span in opposite Ideal for Color Work. f /2 ceremonies. If your pictures are good and f/2.5; Focal Lengths 40 directions, and finally the colorful to 100mm. they certainly enjoy a chance to see night parade in San Francisco, pro- Telestar—A lens of the tele- vide a fitting climax. photo type. f '4.5. Focal Lengths 6 1/4 to 15 12 inches. OXLY 82.50 Catalog B 4 on Request for one year’s subscription to American Cinematographer, any where in the C. P. GOERZ United States. $3.50 foreign AMERICAN OPTICAL CO. AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER 1782 No. Orange Drive 317 East 34 Street New York Hollywood, California 170 American Cinematographer • April, 1937

Ginning Abroad at Home Washington, the Japanese quarter in and the palisades along the Hudson Los Angeles, and their Buddha Temple. River are a true reminder of the Rhine. Continued from Page 167 New Zealand and our Yellowstone As evidence of this today we have Park are the only places where geys- Beauties Paralleled sport bubbling pools exist. its influence shown in the new ers and hot mud Italy and the Mediterranean Rivier.r Germany we have the Black For- clothing, and odd words added to — and its villas can be visualized along loveliness, in our vocabulary. est, in wooded duplicate the coast of Southern California and in National Park. The Railroads even run so-called “Snow Yosemite Florida. For the Bay of Naples we Mississippi River at Guttenberg, Iowa, Trains’’ or excursions to winter recall on the Italian fishermen at San sorts where skiing, bobsledding, ice Francisco Water Front. skating and mushing or Eskimo dog Latin countries, like Spain, Mexico, sledding can be enjoyed. and Portugal are to be seen in the typical architecture Diego, There are many localities that for of San Santa Barbara and the gay Olvera filming purposes rival the ski centers Street district of Los Angeles. The of the French Alps (Chamonix), wild country at Carmel-by-the-Sea Swiss (Mount Moritz), Bavarian Tyrol resembles the Basque highlands (Big For in- and Scandinavian countries. Sur), and the Seventeen-Mile Drive are the England stance, there New by the ocean at Monterey is another States, Northern New York (Lake Amalfi, Italy. Placid), Michigan, Wisconsin, the Palm Springs, California, is a western National Parks (Rainier, filmer’s paradise with date gardens, Yosemite) and (Lake Arrowhead) in painted mesas and nearby Andreas the San Bernardino Mountains, Cali- Canyon shifting sands of an Afri- fornia. can desert. In the distance is the The latest bid for outdoor sports magnificent resemblance to the Swiss is the new winter resort recently Alps in our Mount San Jacinto. opened at Ketchum Valley, Idaho, A wee bit of Scotland is to be found called appropriately “Sun Valley.” In at Del Monte, Calif., and in Maine addition to skiing, our fastest grow- with their rugged coast line. ing sport, are bobsledding, Eskimo For title backgrounds it is sug- mushing and ice skating with all their gested that foreign postcards, snap thrills and scenery that compares shots or illustrations from travel with any in the world. ‘Leica Model C with Xenon magazines be used. f: 1.5 Speed Lens.” Enriching Language Time May Be Taken

Our cineamateur has a wealth of Over 75 years experience The purpose of this article is pri- material at his command. Ski-jumping marily to call attention to the photo- makes excellent filming, sailing over in the making of the world's graphic possibilities of our foreign the snow scapes and also suggesting atmosphere, comparable to any abroad. trick scenes, such as slow motion, or finest microscopes is em- No attempt is made to describe or reverse action (made by holding the make a complete survey. No doubt camera up-side-down, while shooting: bodied in every Leica. the prospective film traveler will add reversing the scene when returned to this list many interesting scenes Write for literature and dramatic ex. from processing). and attractive ideas to film, such as amples of Leica photography—FREE Recently there was introduced the waterfalls (Niagara) and in our na- “Slalom” race, which is a contest tional parks. wherein persons on skis come down Natural Bridges (Virginia), Caves hill, twisting between markers. The - eica ( Mammoth Kentucky), (Carlsbad, one making the best time and remain- New Mexico), Natural Woods and of hill ing upright at the bottom the DEPT. Big Trees, etc. wins the race. Such a film narrative must neces- THE ORIGINAL MINIATURE CANDID CAMERA Our language is enriched with such sarily take a long time in its making E.LEITZ.Inc., 730 Fifth Ave., New York new terms as “Vorlage,” “Gelande- during various seasons and ideal con- sprunge,” “Stem Christianias,” “Tel- ditions and when at leisure. In fact, marks,” and “Tempo,” all having to one may consider the scenario always with fancy positions and skiing do Reduced! unfinished, to be added to like a con- turns. tinued story, as the film footage ac- South Islands 8 TO 8 Hawaii and the Sea cumulates. A liberal use of natural have their counterpart in the lower Geo. W. Colburn Laboratory color film is recommended because of California and Pacific Coast regions, Special Motion Picture Printing its beauty and audience appeal. with the palm fringed coast, tropical 1197 MERCHANDISE MART bathing beaches and surfboat riding. CHICAGO o China is easily filmed in the pic- 1936 turesque Chinatowns in San Francisco, BRAZILIAN CENSORSHIP IN Los Angeles, Chicago and New York Super X 35mm Film According to the records of the City. In February the Chinese cele- Federal Department of Propaganda 2 ’/2 Cents a foot brate their New Year, with parades, of Brazil, 2,235 pictures, representing postage paid anywhere in the fireworks, which is an opportune time, a total of 4,856,257 running feet of United States for the cine filmer. film, were submitted fo rcensorship too, MORGAN CAMERA SHOP Japan is represented here by the during 1936. Of this total 1,445 pic- 6305 Sunset Blvd. — Hollywood, Calif. lovely springtime cherry blossoms at tures were of American make. —

April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 171

ciently through the wrapping material. Dersch and Duerr Tell “(3) The increase of sensitivity is of Agfa Experiments It^sfiin to take general throughout the range of wave- length of light to which the film was hotographers who have movies originally sensitive. (4) The stability speed than wished for still greater and a pleasure of the film is not permanently affected, P modern emulsions can provide although the increase in speed is grad- will be interested in the new and prac- to view them ually lost over a period of four weeks tical method of dry hypersensitizing on — of aging. By a second treatment with with mercury vapor recently published mercury vapor the hypersensitization in the Journal of the Society of Motion can be renewed in a film that has re- Picture Engineers (Vol. 28, No. 2). The covered from previous hypersensitiz- new method, which is the result of GEVAERT ing.” experiments carried out by Drs. Dersch the Agfa Ansco Re- and Duerr at Hittin’ the Trail search Laboratories in Binghamton, 16 mm holds appeal to the amateur as well Continued from Page 131 as professional, for the technique is befriended her and ef- REVERSAL the man who had extremely simple and surprisingly in turn to reject him when she be- fective, giving from 50 to 150 percent lieved him insincere—all the play of increase in emulsion sensitivity. FILM emotions of a girl passing through To e f f e c t the hypersensitizing her first love and her great one—we wrapped or unwrapped film is merely wondered what Harrison would say placed in a sealed container with a Hint III if he could slip back and sit in on this small amount of liquid mercury (0.5 Pancliro Su|M»r lleversal drama. gram) or silver amalgam containing in 100 ft. rolls $7.50 Here’s a story that without hesita- a high percentage of mercury. The tion we recommend to grown-ups, for film is allowed to stand at room tem- in 50 ft. rolls $4.00 is story of grown-ups, of two men perature from 36 hours for loose, or it a lOniiii and a woman. The men are Edward unwrapped material, to about a week Paneliro Fine Grain Arnold and George Bancroft, one the for wrapped or tightly spooled film. IteverNal capitalist and the other his captain in The sensitizing action of the mer- the field. The tale is strong meat, cury vapor is reported to be slow and in 100 ft. rolls $6.00 but without being offensively so. so even that no streaks or spots oc- in 50 ft. rolls $3.25 There’s an abundance of laughs cur. Actual contact with the film is quite a number of chokes. And prevented by placing the mercury in 16mm and of these is real drama made. an open glass or metal retainer or by Orllio Reversal wrapping the amalgam loosely in po- in 100 ft rolls $4.50 rous blotting paper. A.S.C. Opens Clubhouse in 50 ft. rolls $2.75 he housewarming of the American Advantages Cited Dayli;jlit Loading—-All T Society of Cinematographers in Among the surprising facts revealed prices inelade processing its new home Sunday, February 28, memorable spots in by the experiments is the unusual be- was one of the Postage^Prepaid The havior of the latent image when treat- that body’s lengthening history. 1782 North ed with Mercury Vapor—a discovery widespreading mansion at ‘"For Perfect Movies" perfect care of the that may lead to a better understand- Orange drive took who ing of what happens when the latent two hundred men and women of America, Inc. its rooms and got image is formed." Tt was found that The Gevaert Co. roamed through acquainted with the facilities and con- film showed a markedly greater in- 423 West 55th St., New York society’s new home. crease in sensitivity when hypersensi- veniences of the instead of before One of the outstanding highlights tized after exposure Boston. Chicago. Los Angeles. San of a party that will linger in the exposure. Francisco. Toronto, Montreal. Winnipeg together of Other interesting features of the memory was the getting across two decades have method are that it shows no apparent those who side in the business of effect on the gradation or the grain worked side by pictures for the multitudes size of the photographic material. Fur- making millions. Strong ther characteristics which make the literally for uncounted are formed in the years method superior to usual wet-hyper- friendships that prevailed sensitizing treatments include the fol- —and the camaraderie the strongest lowing features reported by Drs. through the evening was their existence. Behind Dersch and Duerr in their article: CRAIG evidence of that were drunk “(1) The film does not have to be SPLICER and REWINDS many of the toasts been these thoughts: put through a bathing process and well may have then dried. (2) The mercury vapors FRIENDSHIP are active also upon tightly wound Here’s to Friendship that is old. spools of film, the- sensitizing effect Welded stronger year by year; being uniformly spread over the whole Here’s to friends to have and hold length (e.g., of a 1009-foot roll of When Life’s leaf is in the sear; 35mm. motion picture film). If suffi- CRAIG JUNIOR COMBINATION $8.50 Here’s to pals who stood the test cient time is available for hypersensi- rewinds Junior Splicer with two geared When our luck was badly shot; tizing, the films need not even be re- all mounted on 21" board. CRAIG MOVIE SUPPLY CO. Here’s to those we love the best . . . moved from their original wrappers, 1053 So. Olive St. Los Angeles. Cal. Whether Fortune smile or not! as the mercury vapors diffuse suffi- —

172 American Cinematographer April, 1937 ART REEVES Continued from Page 147 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING Another thermostat controls the MODEL 25 VICTOR ANIMATOPHONE 16mm of the compart- Rates: Seven cents a word. Minimum temperature drying Sound Projector, slightly used. Price $225, charge, one dollar per insertion. ment, maintaining it within 3 degrees complete. 16mm sound on film—6-reel Sea Devil. Price 1 16mm Film Splicer of any predetermined temperature. $65. — FOR SALE—MISCELLANEOUS and hand film re-winder. Price $12. Bogota Film Library, 221 River Road, Bo- in Drying Film Polished WALL SINGLE SYSTEM SOUND CAMERA with gota, New Jersey. direct drive motor, new type movement, of film mech- The drive the moving variable area high fidelity galvanometer, ART MOVIES, 16mm and 8mm. List Free. Box anism in the dry box is similar to microphone, amplifier, lenses, tripod and 16, Station W. Brooklyn, N. Y. accessories. Complete, ready for operation. that in the tanks: i.e., through the Rebuilt silenced and standard Bell & Howell 1 COMPLETE REVERSAL MACHINE, also for lower rollers only, with the upper ones 170 degree Cameras —Hi-speed gear boxes. Straight Developing 35mm and 16mm. Bell & Howell Hi-speed shuttles. Two Capacity 4000 feet per hour. Brand new revolving freely on ball bearings. Four late model Bell & Howell splicers; Bell & $7 50.00 F.O.B. New York. large fabric-covered drums, revolving Howell sound printer: pair used Simplex 1 NELSON CONTINUOUS 35mm Sound Printer portab'e sound projectors with ft. with Automatic Change. Excellent machine freely in the middle of each of the 2000 magazines. Precision, DeBrie and Bell b for Duping both action and track. Slightly four loops of film in this compartment, Howell pan and tilt tripods. Bell & Howell used. $375.00 F.O.B. 3 Production serve to polish the back surface of 1000 ft., 400 ft. magazines. Motors, sun- CONTINUOUS SOUND 16mm shades, finders, lenses and all accessories. Printers. Used but in A-1 condition. the film as it dries. Vapor-tight Write, wire or cable. MOTION PICTURE $250.00 each, F.O.B. lamps in this cabinet permit inspec- CAMERA SUPPLY, INC., 723 SEVENTH All this equipment is in perfect condition. AVE., NEW YORK, N. Y. CINECAMERA. An opportunity for any Laboratory. tion of the film as it dries. TRANSCONTINENTAL FILMS The take-up is on a standard 2000- BELL & HOWELL 5-WAY SOUND PRINTER, 1600 Broadway New York, N. Y. Generators, Panel Control Boards, Duplex foot reel, conveniently mounted and Printers, Sound Moviolas, Developing Ma- BELL-HOWELL CAMERA SILENCED, adapt- driven by an eiiualized belt drive. chines, Blimps, Dolly, B & H Splicers, Mit- ed for color, variable area, single system chell and B & H Silent Cameras, Motors, sound. Complete outfit, like new, ready The Reeves developing machine is High Speed Gear Boxes, Light Testers, to shoot. $2750.00. Hollywood Camera designed primarily for use in temper- Projection and Lighting Equipment. Guar- Exchange. 1600 Cahuenga Blvd., Holly- anteed optically and mechanically perfect. wood, Califo rnia. Cable Hocamex^ ate climates, and accordingly certain Send for 1937 Bargain Catalogue. Holly- wood Camera Exchange. 1600 Cahuenga SILENT BELL Gr HOWELL CAMERA equipped adjuncts necessary for use in extreme- with Fearless Quick Blvd., Hollywood, California. Cable Ho- Focus Shift and silent ly tropical climes are not normally camex. Fearless high speed movement; 4 fast lenses; 4-1000 ft. magazines, matte box, 2 included. The manufacturer states, WE BUY, SELL AND RENT PROFESSIONAL motors, friction head tripod, etc. This however, that such tropical auxiliaries silent camera does not require blimp. Ideal AND 16mm EQUIPMENT NEW AND USED. as refrigeration and air-conditioning WE ARE DISTRIBUTORS FOR ALL LEAD- for color. Price fully equipped $1,500.00. ING MANUFACTURERS. Fearless Camera Co., Hollywood, Calif. machinery can be supplied when RUBY CAM- ERA EXCHANGE, 729 Seventh Ave., N, WANTED needed. Y. C. Established since 1910. Reeves’ personal preference is for NEW FULLY EQUIPPED FEARLESS 65MM WANTED. We pay cash for everything photographic. Send full information placing the machine in an air-condi- wide film camera. Ideal for color and ex- and low- perimental work. Extra 35mm high speed est cash prices. Hollywood Camera Ex- room, rather than attaching change, tioned movement. Price complete $2,000.00. Fear- 1600 Cahuenga Blvd., Hollywood, Calif. separate solution-refrigerating sys- less Camera Co., Hollywood, Calif. tems. In this way, he states, every BELL AND HOWELL 170o CAMERAS—high WE PAY CASH FOR YOUR USED CAMERA, factor of operation, including tempera- speed shuttles—high speed gear boxes LABORATORY AND STUDIO EQUIPMENT. 400 and 1000 foot Bell ture of solutions, temperature and & Howell maga- Write, wire or cable ^nes _ — Bell & Howell tripods—motors. MOTION PICTURE CAMERA SUPPLY, Inc., easily humidity of drying air, can most AKELEY and DEBRIE CAMERAS. Akelcy 723 Seventh Avenue, New York City be controlled. motors. High speed motors. Sunshades, Cable Address: Cinecamera lenses and finders. Safety Factors Write or Wire CAMERA EQUIPMENT, INC. WE WANT TO BUY In general. Reeves has built his 1600 B’-oadwav New York City All Types of Cameras Tel.: BRyant 9-4146 Cable: Cinequip We pay the highest cash prices of for Mitchell, machine with an enviable factor B & H, Akeley, DeBrie, Eyemo and other safety throughout. As has been seen, BARGAIN: 16mm model BB Cine-Kodak F 1.9 makes of cameras and camera accessories. Lens,_ $110.00, Case, $8.00, New 3 inch We also want tripods, motors, magazines, cut- precautions have been taken at every F 4.5 lelephoto Lens, $45.00. Total price ting room ana luuora.ory equipment. Tell us point to guard against mechanical if you act quick, $90.00. Phone EX-7223 what you have! Get our price offer!! or write Box 268 American Cinematog- CAMERA EQUIPMENT, INC. failures. so simple a matter as Even rapher. 1600 Broadway New York City having the film fed from a standard 2000-foot reel is a safeguard, as this plied. Chemical formulae of proved cago announces reductions from 20 compels rewinding of the film and the dependability are supplied for mix- consequent repair of any breaks or to 33 percent in the prices of its ing developers, refresher solutions, weak spots caused accidentally or Standard Challenger Screen. The hypo, and the like, with detailed in- otherwise in the camera. sizes range from 30 by 40 inches to structions as to how Hollywood’s ex- The power plants, heating units, and 39 by 52. An added feature of this perts use them. the like are safely oversized. The brand is that it is a tripod screen. The An interesting application of prac- film-moving drive, for example, actu- company will send literature upon re- tical psychology—and one to be com- ally requires approximately one- quest. mended to all manufacturers in this tenth of a horsepower for normal op- essentially photographic industry—is Among the advanced features list- eration, yet a one-quarter horsepower the fact that detailed photographs, ed for the Challenger are the fact it motor is actually supplied. The air- rather than blueprints, are used to may be set up instantly anywhere, compressor, as has been noted, has show how to erect the machine. A the ability to adjust the height of the sufficient reserve power to take care photograph leaves nothing to guess- fully opened screen to individual re- of two machines if necessary. work—and that seems the keynote of quirements, the sharp definition A similar safety factor is to be Reeves’ methods throughout. through the maximum of light reflect- commended in the unusually compre- T hensive instructions sent out with each ed by the glass-beaded surface, the machine. Every smallest detail of DA-LITE ANNOUNCES rigidity of mounting, its compactness BARCxAINS installation is fully covered, and even and minimum weight, enabling its such commonplace parts as wiring, As a result of its volume business storage in small space, and its sturdy plumbing, and fitting-screws are sup- the Da-lite Screen Company of Chi- construction. !

PRICES REDUCED

On the Da-Lite Standard CHALLENGER SCREEN Now at BOX Screen Prices!

40 was $20.00 NOVr $15 >00 36"x 48" was $25.00 NOW $20.00 39"x 52" was $30.00 NOW $25.00

ONLY THE CHALLENGER CAN GIVE ^HINK OF IT! These new low prices ALL OF THESE FEATURES give you the convenience of a tripod YOU screen at no extra cost. And what a tripod 1. SET UP THE CHALLENGER INSTANT- YOU CAN screen tlie Challenger is! Check the many LY, ANYWHERE. advanced features at the left and yon will 2. YOU CAN ADJUST THE HEIGHT OF THE FULLY OPENED SCREEN TO YOUR REQUIREMENTS. agree that America's largest selling screen

3. YOU CAN SHOW YOUR MOVIES AT THEIR BEST is the outstanding buy on today's market —BRILLIANT, CLEAR, AND SHARPLY DEFINED. Only the economies of greatly increased .... DA-LITE'S GLASS-BEADED SURFACE RE- FLECTS THE MAXIMUM OF LIGHT. production could make possil)le these prices. See these and 4. YOU GET THE MOST RIGID SCREEN MOUNT- startling new low ING EVER DEVISED. SQUARE CENTER ROD ON other amazing Da-Lite screen values (also TRIPOD PREVENTS CASE FROM TURNING. at new low jmces) at your dealer's. Illus- 5. EASY TO CARRY .... FOLDS COMPACTLY . . . . ]>rices upon WEIGHS LITTLE. trated literature with new low request. Write today. 6. YOU CAN STORE THE CHALLENGER IN SMALL SPACE.

7. YOU GET STURDY CONSTRUCTION THROUGH- DA-LITE SCREEN CO., INC. OUT. HANDLE IS MOUNTED ON TRIPOD (NOT ON LIGHT METAL OF CASE). 2721 N. CrawFord Ave., Chicago, III. Da-Lite Screens a^es'^orII Proclaimed the laorld over as Standardfor unfailing results THE MITCHELL incorporates every essential feature required in a modern motion picture camera

Mitchell Camera Corporation

665 N. ROBERTSON BOULEVARD WEST HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.

Cable Address “MITCAMCO” Phone OXtord 105 1 AGENCIES BELL Cr HOWELL CO., LTD., London, England MOTION PICTURE CAMERA SUPPLY, INC., New York City CLAUD C. CARTER, Sydney, Australia BOMBAY RADIO CO., LTD., Bombay, India D. NAGASE & CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan H. NASSIBIAN, Cairo, Egypt