Notes on Some Neotropical Vireos in Panama
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2 3 Participant’s Name: Tour Company: Date#1: / / Tour locations Date #2: / / Tour locations Date #3: / / Tour locations Date #4: / / Tour locations Date #5: / / Tour locations Date #6: / / Tour locations Date #7: / / Tour locations Date #8: / / Tour locations Codes used in Column A Codes Sample Species a = Abundant Red-lored Parrot c = Common White-headed Wren u = Uncommon Gray-cheeked Nunlet r = Rare Sapayoa vr = Very rare Wing-banded Antbird m = Migrant Bay-breasted Warbler x = Accidental Dwarf Cuckoo (E) = Endemic Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker Species marked with an asterisk (*) can be found in the birding areas visited on the tour outside of the immediate Canopy Camp property such as Nusagandi, San Francisco Reserve, El Real and Darien National Park/Cerro Pirre. Of course, 4with incredible biodiversity and changing environments, there is always the possibility to see species not listed here. If you have a sighting not on this list, please let us know! No. Bird Species 1A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Tinamous Great Tinamou u 1 Tinamus major Little Tinamou c 2 Crypturellus soui Ducks Black-bellied Whistling-Duck 3 Dendrocygna autumnalis u Muscovy Duck 4 Cairina moschata r Blue-winged Teal 5 Anas discors m Curassows, Guans & Chachalacas Gray-headed Chachalaca 6 Ortalis cinereiceps c Crested Guan 7 Penelope purpurascens u Great Curassow 8 Crax rubra r New World Quails Tawny-faced Quail 9 Rhynchortyx cinctus r* Marbled Wood-Quail 10 Odontophorus gujanensis r* Black-eared Wood-Quail 11 Odontophorus melanotis u Grebes Least Grebe 12 Tachybaptus dominicus u www.canopytower.com 3 BirdChecklist No. -
Adrenal and Thyroid Weights in Birds
July• 397 1961] ADRENAL AND THYROID WEIGHTS IN BIRDS FRANK A. I•ARTMAN AND t•ATItARINE A. BROWNELL LITTLE studyhas beenmade of the relative sizesof adrenaland thy- roid glandsin different speciesof birds. One of us (Hartman, 1946) reported such a study on birds collectedin the United States some years ago. In this paper, resultson birds collectedin Panamainclude a numberof familiesand speciesnot found in the United States, some migrants from the United States, and two domesticspecies, Gallus gallus and Coturnix coturnix. Data from 249 speciesin 49 familiesare reported. Specimenswere obtained during Decemberand January near sea level on the Rio Chagresand during February and March at 1,300 meters elevation near the villageof E1 VolcAnin the Provinceof Chiriqui. This material was also usedto study the musclesof locomotionas well as to furnish skins of the rare forms. METHODS All specimenswere kept in plastic,waterproof bags to preventdrying until weighed at the field station. Small birds were weighed on a torsionbalance of 120 gramscapacity. Larger oneswere weighedon Chatilion spring balances,the most sensitiveone for the weight in- volved being used: 6,000 grams capacitywith 24 grams sensitivity; 500 gramscapacity with 10 gramssensitivity; and 250 gramscapacity with 5 grams sensitivity. The adrenalsand thyroids were carefully dissectedfree of extraneoustissue with the aid of a binocularloupe and promptlyweighed on a Roller-Smith balanceof either 30 mg. or 1,500 mg. capacity,depending upon the size of the specimen.The thorough- ness of the dissectionis extremely important becausemore or less extraneoustissue may adhereto the gland,especially the adrenal,thus contributingto the error. Only birdsof healthyappearance were used. Most birds were collected between 0700 and 1100. -
Value of the Books They Review. As Such, They Are Subjective
REVIEWS EDITED BY WILLIAM E. SOUTHERN Thefollowing reviews express the opinions of theindividual reviewers regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and valueof thebooks they review. As such, they are subjective evaluations and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editorsor any officialpolicy of theA.O.U.--Eds. The growth of biological thought. Diversity, evo- tually lighter numbers of Nebelspalter!I then decided lution, and inheritance.--Ernst Mayr. 1982. Cam- that I must use "prime time," for me, 5-9 AM. This bridge, Massachusetts,Belknap Press of Harvard I did at first with reluctance,knowing that it would University Press. ix + 974 pp. $30.00.--Although slow the productivity of my laboratoryin the cur- contemporarybiologists accept, at least pro forrna, rencyof the contemporaryrealm of biosciences--the "organicevolution" as the majorunifying concept of (usuallyshort) research paper--and possibly thereby our science,surprisingly few can articulate the five constrict its cash flow. However, the more I read, the theoriesof CharlesDarwin (pp. 505-510);even fewer easier I found it to rationalize away these ominous can readily musterthe supportingevidence for and thoughts.Only time will tell if my rationalization the fallibilities of each,real or alleged.Few of us have was a grave overshoot. I doubt that it was! a clearperception of the scientific,philosophic, and This historic book can be characterizedin many socialmilieus of the mid-nineteenthcentury when ways. Depending on aspect,it is compendious,an- the historic pronouncementsof A. R. Wallace and alytical, and synthetic.The reader will soon recog- Darwin severely rattled the intellectual scaffold of nize that it is in placesselective, pontifical, and opin- Westernculture. -
TOP BIRDING LODGES of PANAMA with the Illinois Ornithological Society
TOP BIRDING LODGES OF PANAMA WITH IOS: JUNE 26 – JULY 5, 2018 TOP BIRDING LODGES OF PANAMA with the Illinois Ornithological Society June 26-July 5, 2018 Guides: Adam Sell and Josh Engel with local guides Check out the trip photo gallery at www.redhillbirding.com/panama2018gallery2 Panama may not be as well-known as Costa Rica as a birding and wildlife destination, but it is every bit as good. With an incredible diversity of birds in a small area, wonderful lodges, and great infrastructure, we tallied more than 300 species while staying at two of the best birding lodges anywhere in Central America. While staying at Canopy Tower, we birded Pipeline Road and other lowland sites in Soberanía National Park and spent a day in the higher elevations of Cerro Azul. We then shifted to Canopy Lodge in the beautiful, cool El Valle de Anton, birding the extensive forests around El Valle and taking a day trip to coastal wetlands and the nearby drier, more open forests in that area. This was the rainy season in Panama, but rain hardly interfered with our birding at all and we generally had nice weather throughout the trip. The birding, of course, was excellent! The lodges themselves offered great birding, with a fruiting Cecropia tree next to the Canopy Tower which treated us to eye-level views of tanagers, toucans, woodpeckers, flycatchers, parrots, and honeycreepers. Canopy Lodge’s feeders had a constant stream of birds, including Gray-cowled Wood-Rail and Dusky-faced Tanager. Other bird highlights included Ocellated and Dull-mantled Antbirds, Pheasant Cuckoo, Common Potoo sitting on an egg(!), King Vulture, Black Hawk-Eagle being harassed by Swallow-tailed Kites, five species of motmots, five species of trogons, five species of manakins, and 21 species of hummingbirds. -
Colombia, February-March 2016
Tropical Birding Trip Report Colombia, February-March 2016 Colombia February 25th to March 10th, 2016 TOUR LEADER: Nick Athanas Report and photos by Nick Athanas White-whiskered Spinetail – bird of the trip! It had been a while since I had guided a Colombia trip, and I had forgotten how neat the birds were! This two week customized tour combined a Northern Colombia trip with some of the best sites in Central Colombia. The weather was beautiful, the birds were spectacular and cooperative, and most importantly we had a fun and friendly group; we all had a blast. Custom trips are a great option for groups of friends that like to travel together, and it really worked well this time. I really love that White-whiskered Spinetail was voted “bird of the trip” – it’s the only time I can remember a spinetail winning that honor – it’s an often unappreciated group, but this one is really special and we had point-blank views. Runner up was Santa Marta Antbird, which was also highly deserving as one of the newest splits of a truly www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] Tropical Birding Trip Report Colombia, February-March 2016 amazing genus. Other favorites were Golden-winged Sparrow, Russet-throated Puffbird, Scarlet Ibis, Turquoise Dacnis, Blue-billed Curassow, Red-bellied Grackle, Sword-billed Hummer, Crested Owl, Chestnut Piculet, Striped Manakin, and shockingly, even a couple of tapaculos, which impressed some by showing amazingly well. We started off in the “megapolis” of Bogotá, which served as our base for the first few nights as we made day trips to nearby sites in the eastern cordillera of the Andes. -
Panama's Canopy Tower and El Valle's Canopy Lodge
FIELD REPORT – Panama’s Canopy Tower and El Valle’s Canopy Lodge January 4-16, 2019 Orange-bellied Trogon © Ruthie Stearns Blue Cotinga © Dave Taliaferro Geoffroy’s Tamarin © Don Pendleton Ocellated Antbird © Carlos Bethancourt White-tipped Sicklebill © Jeri Langham Prepared by Jeri M. Langham VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DR., AUSTIN, TX 78746 Phone: 512-328-5221 or 800-328-8368 / Fax: 512-328-2919 [email protected] / www.ventbird.com Myriads of magazine articles have touted Panama’s incredible Canopy Tower, a former U.S. military radar tower transformed by Raúl Arias de Para when the U.S. relinquished control of the Panama Canal Zone. It sits atop 900-foot Semaphore Hill overlooking Soberania National Park. While its rooms are rather spartan, the food is Panama’s Canopy Tower © Ruthie Stearns excellent and the opportunity to view birds at dawn from the 360º rooftop Observation Deck above the treetops is outstanding. Twenty minutes away is the start of the famous Pipeline Road, possibly one of the best birding roads in Central and South America. From our base, daily birding outings are made to various locations in Central Panama, which vary from the primary forest around the tower, to huge mudflats near Panama City and, finally, to cool Cerro Azul and Cerro Jefe forest. An enticing example of what awaits visitors to this marvelous birding paradise can be found in excerpts taken from the Journal I write during every tour and later e- mail to participants. These are taken from my 17-page, January 2019 Journal. On our first day at Canopy Tower, with 5 of the 8 participants having arrived, we were touring the Observation Deck on top of Canopy Tower when Ruthie looked up and called my attention to a bird flying in our direction...it was a Black Hawk-Eagle! I called down to others on the floor below and we watched it disappear into the distant clouds. -
Late Pleistocene Passerines from South American Semi-Arid Scrub Habitats
XV Congreso Peruano de Geología. Resúmenes Extendidos. Sociedad Geológica del Perú, Pub. Esp. N° 9 (2010), Cusco p. 445-447 LATE PLEISTOCENE PASSERINES FROM SOUTH AMERICAN SEMI-ARID SCRUB HABITATS J. A. Oswald and D. W. Steadman Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA INTRODUCTION Fossil birds are exceptionally rare in northern South America. There are three late Pleistocene-age fossil sites where they have been recovered, La Carolina, Ecuador, and the tar seeps at Talara, Peru, and Inciarte, Venezuela. The vertebrate fauna, especially the megamammals, identified from these semi-arid fossil sites show that during the late Pleistocene they all sustained more diverse and complex communities compared to today. Evidence of wetter conditions in the Pleistocene in the past perhaps due to different precipitation regimes or runoff from adjacent rivers or mountains than what is found at the present at the fossil sites is seen in the number of aquatic to semiaquatic bird orders identified from these sites. These include: Anseriformes, Podicipediformes, Ciconiiformes, and Charadriiformes (Campbell 1976, 1979). This paper will be the first report of the passerines from Talara, Peru and Mene de Inciarte, Venezuela and the paleoecology that these fossils indicate at these sites. Passerines and small vertebrate fossils, although difficult to find and identify, are bioindicators and they can determine fine scale differences in vegetation or climate at fossil sites in the past. THE TAR SEEPS LA CAROLINA, ECUADOR AND TALARA, PERU La Carolina and Talara have similar semi-arid climates today and they both likely had similar climates in the late Pleistocene. -
The Relationships of the Vireos (Vireoninae) As Indicated by Dna-Dna Hybridization
Wilson Bull., 94(2), 1982, pp. 114-128 THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE VIREOS (VIREONINAE) AS INDICATED BY DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION CHARLES G. SIBLEY AND JON E. AHLQUIST The New World passerine subfamily Vireoninae contains 43 species in four genera. Vireo, the largest genus, is primarily North American but several of its 25 species occur on Caribbean islands, one species has a subspecies in Bermuda, and two species occur as far south as Argentina. The 13 species of Neotropical greenlets (Hylophilus) are primarily South American; three occur in Central America of which one reaches southern Mexico. Vireo and Hylophilus are the “typical” vireos, being relatively small passerines with green, yellow and gray plumage colors. The other two genera, Vireolaniw and Cyclarhis, are larger, brighter in color, and with heavy, shrike-like bills. The three species of shrike-vireos (Vireolan- ius) occur from southern Mexico to Bolivia, and the two species of pep- pershrikes (Cyclarhis) range from southern Mexico to Uruguay (Thomson 1964, Blake 1968). Opinions about the relationships of the vireos to other oscine passerines (Passeres) have focused primarily upon two groups, namely: the shrikes (Laniidae), and the New World nine-primaried oscines, particularly the wood warblers (Parulini of Sibley 1970; Sibley and Ahlquist 1982b). The vireos have been thought to be related to the shrikes because they have a shrike-like bill with a hooked tip and a subterminal notch in the maxillary tomium (e.g., Coues 1892). The principal basis for placing the vireos near the nine-primaried oscines has been the size and coloration of the typical vireos and their tendency toward the reduction of the outer (10th) primary (e.g., Mayr and Amadon 1951:27). -
Avian Behavioral Responses to Urbanization in Latin 2 America 3 4
1 Chapter 6 2 Stay or Leave? Avian Behavioral Responses to Urbanization in Latin 3 America 4 5 6 César González-Lagos and Javier Quesada 7 8 C. González-Lagos (*) 9 Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad 10 (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile 11 12 Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia 13 Universidad 14 Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile e-mail: [email protected] 15 16 J. Quesada 17 Department of Chordates, Natural History Museum of Barcelona, 18 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 19 20 Departament Biologia Animal, Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de 21 Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 22 Catalonia, Spain 23 24 25 26 Abstract 27 Behavioral adjustments are at the forefront of the mechanisms that 28 birds employ to deal with environmental changes. We here review 29 the literature focused on how behavior influences bird responses 30 when faced with the challenges of urbanization in Latin America. 31 Most of reviewed studies assessed for patterns of responses to 32 urbanization with incipient information regarding the behavioral 33 adjustments, as well as the filtering of specific behavioral 34 phenotypes. A common and unsurprising tendency was that several 35 avian species across Latin America are using resources from urban 36 vegetation patches. The few experimental studies performed in 37 urban Latin America focus on the role of personality in adjustments 38 of foraging behavior, as well as the response to noise pollution. 39 Nevertheless, we found no study to directly assess whether or not 40 behavioral adjustments are related to fitness. Even so, studies 41 assessing for the role of behavioral responses to urbanization that 42 explicitly consider their effect on population dynamics are lacking 43 worldwide, despite their importance for fully understanding the 44 differential fate of species having to live in an increasingly built-up 45 planet. -
3 ) U.S.D.A Forest Service Intermountain Region
U.S.D.A FOREST SERVICE INTERMOUNTAIN REGION TERRESTRIAL WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT INDICATOR SPECIES MONITORING STRATEGY BOISE NATIONAL FOREST September 30, 2012 Documented by: Lisa M. Nutt Forest Wildlife Biologist Boise National Forest Service USDA FOREST SERVICE BOISE NATIONAL FOREST MIS /LANDBIRD MONITORING PROGRAM SUMMARY The primary goal of the Boise National Forest Management Indicator Species/Landbird Monitoring Program is to estimate the overall population trends on the Forest for specific avian management indicator species, namely the Pileated woodpecker and the white-headed woodpecker. The secondary goal of this monitoring strategy is to conduct an assessment of habitat relationships as they relate to population trends for those two species. The monitoring strategy adopted by the Boise NF is modeled on standardized bird monitoring methods (i.e., Hamel et.al., 1996 and Ralph et.al., 1993), which is being applied on the National Forests in Idaho in Region 1, as well as the Payette and Sawtooth NFs in Region 4 (adjacent to the Boise NF). As such, the data collected from any one unit becomes not only relevant to its particular Forest, but contributes to larger data sets which allow monitoring trends to be evaluated at multi-forest scales, state-wide scales, or regional scales. The Region 1 protocols have been in place for 10 years and are well tested as to achieving their goal for establishing population trend data. The adopted monitoring strategy is a population-based approach to bird monitoring that spreads survey locations randomly across the Forest, irrespective of habitat to determine an overall population trend for the Forest. -
FIELD REPORT – Panama's Canopy
FIELD REPORT – Panama’s Canopy Tower and El Valle’s Canopy Lodge January 4-16, 2020 Crimson-bellied Woodpecker © Doug Johnson Pheasant Cuckoo © Sam Naifeh Green Shrike-Vireo © Doug Johnson White Hawk © Fred Engelman Blue Cotinga © Fred Engelman Prepared by Jeri M. Langham VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DR., AUSTIN, TX 78746 Phone: 512-328-5221 or 800-328-8368 / Fax: 512-328-2919 [email protected] / www.ventbird.com Myriads of magazine articles have touted Panama’s incredible Canopy Tower, a former U.S. military radar tower transformed by Raúl Arias de Para when the U.S. relinquished control of the Panama Canal Zone. It sits atop 900-foot Semaphore Hill overlooking Soberania National Park. While its rooms are rather spartan, the food is excellent and the opportunity Panama’s Canopy Tower © Ruthie Stearns to view birds at dawn from the 360º rooftop Observation Deck above the treetops is outstanding. Twenty minutes away is the start of the famous Pipeline Road, possibly one of the best birding roads in Central and South America. From our base, daily birding outings are made to various locations in Central Panama, which vary from the primary forest around the tower, to huge mudflats near Panama City and, finally, to cool Cerro Azul and Cerro Jefe forest. An enticing example of what awaits visitors to this marvelous birding paradise can be found in excerpts taken from the Journal I write every night during the tour and later e-mail to participants. These are taken from my 18-page, January 2020 Journal. I met you all downstairs to teach you how to identify the many hummingbird species we get here at the Canopy Tower. -
COSTA RICA Target Tour May 2018
Tropical Birding Trip Report COSTA RICA Target Tour May 2018 This was a Tropical Birding Tours custom tour COSTA RICA “Target Tour”: 9th – 27th May 2018 Snowcap, at the ‘Home of the Snowcap’, Rancho Naturalista Tour leaders: Fito Downs and Jose Illanes Report by Fito Downs, Photos by Jose Illanes 1 www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] Tropical Birding Trip Report COSTA RICA Target Tour May 2018 During our Comprehensive Costa Rica Tour (border to border) we witnessed why this country is sometimes called the “Birding Republic” among hardcore birders, nature lovers and wildlife photographers. This was a very different tour compared to most other regular Tropical Birding Tours here in Costa Rica. We covered most of the country from the southern rainforest lowlands to some of the most impressive habitats such as the Paramo at more than eleven thousand feet at Cerro de la Muerte, and then continued moving into the Turrialba Volcano foothills, and from there all the way to the north region of the country near Nicaraguan border. We ended up in the lush cloud forest of Monteverde and the dry forest in the southern tip of Guanacaste province. Basically, our plan for this tour was focus on finding some of the most difficult bird species throughout the country, for example the localized and endemic Black-cheeked Ant-Tanager, the elusive Yellow-billed Cotinga, and highland specialties such as Ochraceous Pewee, Dusky Nightjar, Bare-shanked Screech-Owl and the so-called “ghost” the rarely seen Unspotted Saw- whet Owl. We also tracked down Tawny-chested Flycatcher, Blue-and-Gold Tanager, Yellow-eared Toucanet, Nicaraguan Grackle, Keel-billed Motmot, Tawny-winged Woodcreeper, Thicket Tinamou and the bird of the trip, the spectacular Bare- necked Umbrellabird.