Forest Birds
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Winter Territoriality of Townsender's Solitaires (Myadestes Townsedi) In
WINTER TERRITORIALITY OF TOWNSENDS’ SOLITAIRES (MYADESTES TOWNSENDI) IN A PINON-JUNIPER- PONDEROSA PINE ECOTONE MICHAEL G. SALOMONSON AND RUSSELL P. BALDA Townsends’ Solitaires (Myadestes townsendi) In this study, we wanted to determine if are poorly-known thrushes (but see Sibley Townsends’ Solitaires are territorial in winter. 1973) inhabiting western North America Secondly, we examined the mechanics of the from central Mexico to Alaska. Typically, solitaires ’ territorial system, i.e., how terri- they breed in mixed conifer forests but winter tories are defended, what features of the ter- in piiion-juniper woodlands or other habitats ritory are important to solitaires, and how that provide berries for food (Munro 1919, changes in those features affect the territorial Johnston 1943, Bent 1949). In Arizona, they system. Finally, we attempted to determine are summer residents of high mountains in what selective advantages individuals gain the north, bc > they winter in berry-producing by being territorial. Upper Sonoran woodlands and well-wooded Using Brown and Orians ’ ( 1970) definition Lower Sonoran canyons throughout much of of territory, it was necessary to show that the state (Phillips et al. 1964). Their migra- individuals defend relatively fixed areas which tion is apparently both altitudinal and lati- become exclusive (or nearly so; Brown 1975) tudinal. During the breeding season, they with respect to rivals, and that defensive be- forage like flycatchers, and their diet con- havior evokes escape or avoidance in rivals. sists mostly of insects. During the winter, they eat mainly fruit (Beal 1915, Bent 1949). STUDY AREA AND METHODS The solitaires ’ habit of singing and their The study was conducted in a pifion-juniper-pon- aggressiveness throughout the fall and winter derosa pine ecotone about 24 km NNE of Flagstaff, (Mailliard 1926, Skinner 1928, Lockerbie Coconino Co., Arizona in the fall and winter sea- 1939, Roest 1957) indicate that they probably sons of 1973-74 and 1974-75. -
Avian Diversity Across Three Distinct Agricultural Landscapes in Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands, Panama Jarred Jones SIT Study Abroad
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 12-5-2014 Avian diversity across three distinct agricultural landscapes in Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands, Panama Jarred Jones SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, Ornithology Commons, and the Physical and Environmental Geography Commons Recommended Citation Jones, Jarred, "Avian diversity across three distinct agricultural landscapes in Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands, Panama" (2014). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 1999. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1999 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Avian diversity across three distinct agricultural landscapes in Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands, Panama Fall 2014 Jarred Jones School for International Training ABSTRACT La deforestación de los bosques tropicales para fines agrícolas amenaza la pérdida de hábitat de las especies nativas. El valor de los diversos paisajes agrícolas en la conservación de las poblaciones de aves es útil para determinar los planes de desarrollo de diversidad consciente. Sin embargo, los resultados generalizados de los estudios a escala regional no se pueden aplicar a los hábitats de aves insulares. Este estudio sirve como el único estudio de la diversidad aviar actual de las tierras altas de Chiriquí. Para determinar el efecto del uso de la tierra agrícola dentro de un hábitat aviar insular, comparé aviar diversidad y sitio similitud población en Guadalupe, Chiriquí tierras altas de la Cordillera de Talamanca, Panamá. -
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with Birds Observed Off-Campus During BIOL3400 Field Course
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with birds observed off-campus during BIOL3400 Field course Photo Credit: Talton Cooper Species Descriptions and Photos by students of BIOL3400 Edited by Troy A. Ladine Photo Credit: Kenneth Anding Links to Tables, Figures, and Species accounts for birds observed during May-term course or winter bird counts. Figure 1. Location of Environmental Studies Area Table. 1. Number of species and number of days observing birds during the field course from 2005 to 2016 and annual statistics. Table 2. Compilation of species observed during May 2005 - 2016 on campus and off-campus. Table 3. Number of days, by year, species have been observed on the campus of ETBU. Table 4. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during the off-campus trips. Table 5. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during a winter count of birds on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Table 6. Species observed from 1 September to 1 October 2009 on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Alphabetical Listing of Birds with authors of accounts and photographers . A Acadian Flycatcher B Anhinga B Belted Kingfisher Alder Flycatcher Bald Eagle Travis W. Sammons American Bittern Shane Kelehan Bewick's Wren Lynlea Hansen Rusty Collier Black Phoebe American Coot Leslie Fletcher Black-throated Blue Warbler Jordan Bartlett Jovana Nieto Jacob Stone American Crow Baltimore Oriole Black Vulture Zane Gruznina Pete Fitzsimmons Jeremy Alexander Darius Roberts George Plumlee Blair Brown Rachel Hastie Janae Wineland Brent Lewis American Goldfinch Barn Swallow Keely Schlabs Kathleen Santanello Katy Gifford Black-and-white Warbler Matthew Armendarez Jordan Brewer Sheridan A. -
Wao Kele O Puna Comprehensive Management Plan
Wao Kele o Puna Comprehensive Management Plan Prepared for: August, 2017 Prepared by: Nālehualawaku‘ulei Nālehualawaku‘ulei Nā-lehua-lawa-ku‘u-lei is a team of cultural resource specialists and planners that have taken on the responsibilities in preparing this comprehensive management for the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. Nā pua o kēia lei nani The flowers of this lovely lei Lehua a‘o Wao Kele The lehua blossoms of Wao Kele Lawa lua i kēia lei Bound tightly in this lei Ku‘u lei makamae My most treasured lei Lei hiwahiwa o Puna Beloved lei of Puna E mālama mākou iā ‘oe Let us serve you E hō mai ka ‘ike Grant us wisdom ‘O mākou nā pua For we represent the flowers O Nālehualawaku‘ulei Of Nālehualawaku‘ulei (Poem by na Auli‘i Mitchell, Cultural Surveys Hawai‘i) We come together like the flowers strung in a lei to complete the task put before us. To assist in the preservation of Hawaiian lands, the sacred lands of Wao Kele o Puna, therefore we are: The Flowers That Complete My Lei Preparation of the Wao Kele o Puna Comprehensive Management Plan In addition to the planning team (Nālehualawaku‘ulei), many minds and hands played important roles in the preparation of this Wao Kele o Puna Comprehensive Management Plan. Likewise, a number of support documents were used in the development of this plan (many are noted as Appendices). As part of the planning process, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs assembled the ‘Aha Kūkā (Advisory Council), bringing members of the diverse Puna community together to provide mana‘o (thoughts and opinions) to OHA regarding the development of this comprehensive management plan (CMP). -
Territory Selection by Puaiohi
Territory Selection by Puaiohi: Influence of food abundance, nest sites, and forest composition and structure Lauren Solomon1, Lisa Crampton1, Ruby Hammond1, Pauline Roberts1,2 1Kaua`i Forest Bird Recovery Project, State of Hawai`i Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Kaua`i, HI, 2Sapphos Environmental, Inc., Pasadena, CA Introduction Methods Discussion • The Puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri, is a critically endangered single- • Used ArcMap 10 to overlay cliff location and survey points onto Puaiohi territories • No territories where there are no cliffs island endemic songbird (Figures 4 and 5) • Bigger, more barren and vertical walls more likely to be in territories • Native to Kaua`i, Hawaii • Aspect could influence exposure to wind and rain, insolation, and • Current population estimated at 200-1000 individuals1 nest temperature; further analysis needed into influence of aspect • Moss coverage could be indicative of higher moisture or greater • Suitable habitat restricted to high elevation (>1000m) forest in the invertebrate density Alaka’i Wilderness Preserve (Figures 1 and 2) • Fecal samples analyzed for seeds (522 seeds from 36 samples)2 • Puaiohi mostly nest on vertical cliff walls (Figure 2) • Kanawao significant: third most abundant fruit found in fecal • Puaiohi mainly frugivorous, supplementing diet with insects samples, but less available total fruit than other species (Figures 11 • Relative influence of several factors (cliff features, forest structure and 12) and composition, and fruit abundance) on Puaiohi space use and distribution is unknown Species Mean Figure 4. Map of study streams Figure 5. Map of study streams showing fruit/plot displaying territories and cliff wall territories and vegetation and fruit Lapalapa (Cheirodendron 332 locations. -
21 Sep 2018 Lists of Victims and Hosts of the Parasitic
version: 21 Sep 2018 Lists of victims and hosts of the parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus). Peter E. Lowther, Field Museum Brood parasitism is an awkward term to describe an interaction between two species in which, as in predator-prey relationships, one species gains at the expense of the other. Brood parasites "prey" upon parental care. Victimized species usually have reduced breeding success, partly because of the additional cost of caring for alien eggs and young, and partly because of the behavior of brood parasites (both adults and young) which may directly and adversely affect the survival of the victim's own eggs or young. About 1% of all bird species, among 7 families, are brood parasites. The 5 species of brood parasitic “cowbirds” are currently all treated as members of the genus Molothrus. Host selection is an active process. Not all species co-occurring with brood parasites are equally likely to be selected nor are they of equal quality as hosts. Rather, to varying degrees, brood parasites are specialized for certain categories of hosts. Brood parasites may rely on a single host species to rear their young or may distribute their eggs among many species, seemingly without regard to any characteristics of potential hosts. Lists of species are not the best means to describe interactions between a brood parasitic species and its hosts. Such lists do not necessarily reflect the taxonomy used by the brood parasites themselves nor do they accurately reflect the complex interactions within bird communities (see Ortega 1998: 183-184). Host lists do, however, offer some insight into the process of host selection and do emphasize the wide variety of features than can impact on host selection. -
Puaiohi Or Small Kaua‘I Thrush (Myadestes Palmeri)
Hawaiian Bird Conservation Action Plan Focal Species: Puaiohi or Small Kaua‘i Thrush (Myadestes palmeri) Synopsis: The Puaiohi is endemic to Kaua’i and is restricted to remote areas of the rugged ‘Alaka’i Plateau. It nests in hollows or on ledges of fern-covered cliffs along narrow streams. The species may always have been rare, and availability of suitable nest sites may limit the range and population size. Habitat management to prevent degradation by non-native plants and feral ungulates is a key to long-term conservation. Artificial nest structures are being investigated as a way of increasing nest site availability and decreasing nest predation. Puaiohi at nest. Photo Eric VanderWerf Typical Puaiohi nesting habitat. Photo KFBRP Geographic region: Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands Group: Forest Birds Federal Status: Endangered State status: Endangered IUCN status: Critically Endangered Conservation score, rank: 18/20, At-risk Watch List 2007 Score: RED Juvenile Puaiohi. Photo Eric VanderWerf Climate Change Vulnerability: High Population Size and Trend: The Puaiohi population was estimated to be about 500 birds in 2006 (range 200-1,000; Kaua’i Forest Bird Recovery Project [KFBRP] unpubl. data). The habitat used by Puaiohi is difficult to survey and calculating an accurate population estimate has been challenging. The population trend appears to be stable. In 2011, a new survey method (occupancy modeling; Mackenzie et al. 2006) was field tested and it is hoped that this method will yield a more precise population estimate and provide a more robust method for monitoring trends. Range: The breeding population is restricted to an area of < 20 km2 on the ‘Alaka’i Plateau, and 75% of the population is estimated to occur in just 10 km2 (KFBRP unpubl. -
Survival, Dispersal, and Home-Range Establishment of Reintroduced Captive-Bred Puaiohi, Myadestes Palmeri
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USGS Staff -- Published Research US Geological Survey 2003 Survival, dispersal, and home-range establishment of reintroduced captive-bred puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri Erik J. Tweed USGS Biological Resources Division Jeffrey T. Foster USGS Biological Resources Division Bethany L. Woodworth [email protected] Paul Oesterle Zoological Society of San Diego Cynthia Kuehler Zoological Society of San Diego, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub Tweed, Erik J.; Foster, Jeffrey T.; Woodworth, Bethany L.; Oesterle, Paul; Kuehler, Cynthia; Lieberman, Alan A.; Powers, A. Tracey; Whitaker, Kristin; Monahan, William B.; Kellerman, Jherime; and Telfer, Tom, "Survival, dispersal, and home-range establishment of reintroduced captive-bred puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri" (2003). USGS Staff -- Published Research. 577. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/577 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the US Geological Survey at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGS Staff -- Published Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Erik J. Tweed, Jeffrey T. Foster, Bethany L. Woodworth, Paul Oesterle, Cynthia Kuehler, Alan A. Lieberman, A. Tracey Powers, Kristin Whitaker, William B. Monahan, Jherime Kellerman, and Tom Telfer This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ usgsstaffpub/577 Biological Conservation 111 (2003) 1–9 www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Survival, dispersal, and home-range establishment of reintroduced captive-bred puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri Erik J. Tweeda, Jeffrey T. Fostera,1, Bethany L. -
Billing Code 4333–15 DEPARTMENT of THE
This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 11/28/2018 and available online at https://federalregister.gov/d/2018-25634, and on govinfo.gov Billing Code 4333–15 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 10 [Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2018–0047; FXMB 12320900000//189//FF09M29000] RIN 1018–BC67 General Provisions; Revised List of Migratory Birds AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to revise the List of Migratory Birds protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) by both adding and removing species. Reasons for the changes to the list include adding species based on new taxonomy and new evidence of natural occurrence in the United States or U.S. territories, removing species no longer known to occur within the United States or U.S. territories, and changing names to conform to accepted use. The net increase of 59 species (66 added and 7 removed) would bring the total number of species protected by the MBTA to 1,085. We regulate the taking, possession, transportation, sale, purchase, barter, exportation, and importation of migratory birds. An accurate and up-to-date list of species protected by the MBTA is essential for public notification and regulatory purposes. DATES: We will accept comments received or postmarked on or before [INSERT DATE 60 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. Comments submitted electronically using the Federal eRulemaking Portal (see ADDRESSES, below) must be received by 11:59 p.m. -
Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2018–0047; FXMB 12320900000//201//FF09M29000]
This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 04/16/2020 and available online at federalregister.gov/d/2020-06779, and on govinfo.gov Billing Code 4333–15 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 10 [Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2018–0047; FXMB 12320900000//201//FF09M29000] RIN 1018–BC67 General Provisions; Revised List of Migratory Birds AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), revise the List of Migratory Birds protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) by both adding and removing species. Reasons for the changes to the list include adding species based on new taxonomy and new evidence of natural occurrence in the United States or U.S. territories, removing species no longer known to occur within the United States or U.S. territories, and changing names to conform to accepted use. The net increase of 67 species (75 added and 8 removed) will bring the total number of species protected by the MBTA to 1,093. We regulate the taking, possession, transportation, sale, purchase, barter, exportation, and importation of migratory birds. An accurate and up-to-date list of species protected by the MBTA is essential for public notification and regulatory purposes. DATES: This rule is effective [INSERT DATE 30 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. 1 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Eric L. Kershner, Chief of the Branch of Conservation, Permits, and Regulations; Division of Migratory Bird Management; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; MS: MB; 5275 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041-3803; (703) 358-2376. -
PUAIOHI FIVE-YEAR RECOVERY WORK PLAN 2010 - 2015 (Updated September 2010)
PUAIOHI FIVE-YEAR RECOVERY WORK PLAN 2010 - 2015 (Updated September 2010) PURPOSE. The long-term recovery goals, delisting criteria, recovery strategy, and a comprehensive list of recovery tasks for the Puaiohi are provided in the Final Revised Recovery Plan for Hawaiian Forest Birds (USFWS 2006). The purpose of this work plan is to track the progress of previously identified recovery objectives, and to identify additional actions that can be accomplished in the next five years. Identification of recovery objectives and actions will facilitate the efficient use of limited recovery resources and provide milestones that can be used to evaluate progress. SPECIES SUMMARY. The Puaiohi, or Small Kaua‘i Thrush (Myadestes palmeri), is a medium-sized (37 – 43 g), slender, long-legged thrush endemic to Kaua‘i. Adults are olive-brown above, gray below, with a diagnostic white-eye-ring and outer rectrices. Legs are light pink and the bill is black (Snetsinger et al. 1999). Males and females are similar. Juveniles have distinctive spots and scalloping on their breast and wings. The song is simple and consists of a preparatory whistle and a prolonged trill, followed by several sharp descending notes; call note is a simple, dry, raspy hiss (Snetsinger et al. 1999). Puaiohi are most often observed alone or in pairs. The species occurs in wet (>6,000 mm rain / year) montane forest in stream valleys and associated ridges above 1,050 m elevation in the southern and central Alaka’i plateau (Scott et al. 1986, Snetsinger et al. 1999, USGS and DOFAW unpubl. data). Puaiohi are found in mesic and wet native montane forests dominated by ‘ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha), koa (Acacia koa), ‘ōlapa (Cheirodendron trigynum), lapalapa (C. -
Revised Recovery Plan for Hawaiian Forest Birds 2-1
II. SPECIES ACCOUNTS Section II contains accounts of all species covered in this recovery plan, presented in taxonomic order following the American Ornithologists’ Union checklist (1998). These accounts are not meant to be a complete reference, but rather to summarize sufficient relevant information about each species in order to understand the prescribed recovery strategy and the prioritization of recovery actions. All of the Hawaiian forest birds face the same set of threats, but the relative importance of those threats varies among species depending on their life history, current distribution and status, and habitat requirements. The priority placed on each component of the recovery strategy therefore varies among species. The species accounts build on and refine the overall recovery strategy discussed in the Introduction (Section I), and justify the recovery criteria presented in Section III as well as the recovery actions and priorities presented in the Recovery Actions Narrative (Section IV). Each account also includes a summary of previous and ongoing conservation efforts, including Federal and State regulations, land acquisition, research, and management directed at or relevant to the recovery of the species. All of the accounts follow the same format and contain the following section headings: description and taxonomy; life history; habitat description; historical and current range and status; reasons for decline and current threats; conservation efforts; and recovery strategy. Longer accounts for better-studied species contain additional subheadings to help locate information. When available, maps showing the historical and current distribution of the species and recovery areas appear in the accounts (Figures 6 through 21). Recovery plans are prepared following a determination that a species merits listing as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (Act).