)JJ "De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius"

Upcoming Meetings and May 26, 1994, 10 a.m- 5:00 p.rn.: June 1-5, 1994: 7th Interdiscipli­ Events All-day Conference on the Dutch nary Conference on Nether­ Atlantic Empire in the 17th and landic Studies. Contact Prof. Feb. 25 - March 6, 1994: New 18th Centuries at Leiden Univer­ William Z. Shetter, German De­ partment, Indiana University, Bal­ Jersey Flower and Garden Show sity. Talks by: • Paul Otto on "Dutch Contacts with the at the Garden State Exhibit Center lantine Hall 644, Bloomington, IN Indians in New Netherland" 47405; [812] 855-1080. in Somerset, New Jersey. Visitors • NatalieEverts,"WestAfricanCultural can stroll through six larger-than­ Society in the 18th Century: Huyde­ life gardens designed by premier kopers of the Elmina Gold Coast" June 3-4,1994: Conference on • Martha Shattuck on "Dutch Women landscape designers from Holland. New York State History at Brook­ and Trade in New Netherland" lyn College. Contact Stefan Bielin­ There is also a market and a series • Renee Baesjou, "Dutch Culture in of seminars and design classes. 17th Century Elmina" ski, CEC 3093, Albany, NY • Victor Enthoven or Alex von Slip­ 12230; [518] 474-6917 for further rieen, "Trade ofSurinam" information. May 8, 1994: Hofstra University • Wim Klooster. "Curacao's Trade in Dutch Festival on the theme "Cele­ the 18th Century" brate Mother Earth." 100,000 tu­ For complete information contact June 18, 1994, 11:00 a.m. (Rain lips will bloom on south campus Wim Klooster, Rijksuniversiteit date June 19): Hotaling Family this Mother's Day. Dutch vendors Leiden, Postbus 9515, 2300 RA Reunion, celebrating the Bicenten­ sought. Contact Jaci Clement, Hof­ Leiden/ The Netherlands; tel: 071­ nial of the Lime Kiln Farm of Lee stra University, Hempstead, New 316536,071-272654; FAX 071­ Adler in Climax, NY, part of the Yorkl 1550 or call [5161463­ 272615. ­ original Hotaling Parem:'As an 5381 or 463-5047. added treat, the Friends of New March - June 1994: Tulip 400 ­ Netherland will present the first Until May 15, 1994: "Leo Bel­ The tulip celebrates its anniversary Alice P. Kenney Memorial gicus: The Dutch & Flemish in 1994 and activities are planned Award, and afterwards freshly­ World, 1500-1800" exhibit of in all areas of the Netherlands. For made strawberry shortcake will be Dutch and Flemish 16th, 17th and complete information on Tulip 400 sold for $5 to benefit the New 18th century maps and related events and locations contact the Netherland Project, To join the items on display at the Library of Netherlands Board of Tourism, Hotaling Family Association, send Congress in the B Level of the 225 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 326, $10 to: Madison Building, Monday-Fri­ Chicago, n, 60601; [800] 598­ James W. Hotaling 22Catherine Street 8500 or [312] 819-0300. day, 8:30 a.m.-5 p.rn. and Saturday Saranac Lake. NY 12983. 8:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.

New Netherland Project. NYSL. CEC ~th Floor .Albany. NY 12230 (518)474~067.' FAX (518)474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email.' ctg6067%raUl%albnydh2 [email protected] . De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 2

August 31,1994: Deadline for tact David Ackerman Descendants erary and fictional accounts are Call for Papers for 7th North 1664,806 Phelps Road, Franklin welcome. I have already consulted American Fur Trade Conference Lakes, NJ 07417. works by Doezema, Edelman, to be held May 24-28, 1995 in Hali­ Henry Lucas, Swierenga, and Van fax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Empha­ December 1, 1994: Deadline for Hinte, as well as the various publi­ sis will be on methodologies and submission ofpaper abstracts for cations edited by the New Nether­ approaches in understanding the re­ Hofstra's 17th Century Dutch Art land Project and the New York lationships between human and fur­ and Life symposium. Contact State Library. bearing populations. There will be Donna R. Barnes, Dutch Sympo­ Contact Evert Volkersz, Head, a special session of papers related sium Coordinator, 124 Hofstra Uni­ Special Collections Dept., SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY to the eastern Atlantic region. A versity, 203 Mason Hall, 11794-3323; voice: [516] 632­ one page abstract with title, name Hempstead, NY 11550-1090. 7119; FAX [516] 632-7116; E­ of author, institutional affiliation mail:[email protected] (if appropriate) should be sent to Research Interests or at home: 15 Bowen Place, Stony conference organizers Barry Brook, NY 11790-2629; [516] 751--6089 Moody and-Bill Wicken, Gorse­ De Halve Maen, a journal dedi­ brook Research Institute for Atlan­ cated to the study of Dutch Colo­ Researchers in the Netherlands tic Canada, Saint Mary's Univ., nial history, seeks articles in all Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada B3H areas of New Netherland history, What essential characteristics of 3C3; tel [902] 420-5668; FAX including archeology, material cul­ the Dutch Republic can we find in [902] 420-5530; E-Mail: ture, women's history, and the Na­ New Netherland? The three focus [email protected] tive American, Afro-American, points of the research program: Jewish, Huguenot, and other ethnic Cultural history of the Dutch Re­ September 17,1994: Seventeenth experiences. A quarterly publica­ public in the 17th century, status of Rensselaerswijck Seminar on the tion, the journal features scholarly material and immaterial culture. theme ofjhe "Interrelationship of articles, review essays, and book re­ Mr. Jaap Jacobs, Rijksuniversiteit History with Family History" will views of interest to historians and Leiden, Postbus 9515, 2300 RA be held at the Cultural Education general readers. Please submit Leiden; tel: 071-316536.071­ Center in Albany, 8:30 a.m. to 3:30 manuscripts to David William 272654; FAX 071-272615 p.m Tentative list of speakers in­ Voorhees, Editor, de Halve Maen, elude: the Holland Society of New York, Interest in the genealogy of Utrecht • Peter & Florence Christoph on "A 122 East 58th Street, New York, and vicinity Marriage of Genealogy and History" Mr. Marcel S.F. Kemp, Perenstraat • Harry Macy from the New York Ge­ NY 10022. 133,2564 RW Den Haag nealogical and Biographical Society talking from his perspective as a jour­ *** nal editor Readers are invited to contribute Amsterdams Historisch Museum is • Kenneth Bradt on the founding of a suggested titles and repositories for especially interested in the area of family association a bibliography of Dutch and Bel­ material culture and exhibits. • Charles Gehring on "Recovering Re­ Ms. Renee Kistemaker, Amster­ cords from a DrownedPrincess" gian American first-person ac­ counts describing and docu­ dams Historisch Museum, Nieu­ • a representative from the Netherlands, wezijds Voorburgwal359, 1012 hopefully from the Central Bureau for menting the immigrant experience RM Amsterdam; tel. 020-5231822; Genealogy and life by immigrants from the FAX 020-6207789 Lunch will be provided in the regis­ Netherlands and Belgium. The pro­ tration fee this year. Watch for posed bibliography will include Interest in (l) Franciscus van den more details in upcoming issues. published and unpublished journals Enden author of Kort Verhael van and diaries, personal memoirs, and Nieuw-Nederlants. . .1662; (b) October 15, 1994: Ackerman letters in Dutch, Flemish or Eng­ Plockhoy van Zierikzee Kort en Family Reunion at the Preakness lish. They may be from any time klaer ontwerp... (1662); (c) archive Reformed Church in Wayne, New period. Although the initial focus holdings for a biography of Van Jersey. For further information con­ is on non-fiction, suggestions of lit­ den Enden, Spinoza's teacher.

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 (518)474-6067; FAX (518)474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: crg6067%rain%[email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius • 3

Prof. dr. Wim Klever; Erasmus United States. Dissertation re­ RA Leiden: tel. 071-272661 (or­ Universiteit,Postbus 1738, 3000 search on the Nederduitsch Re­ 51?); FAX 071-272615 DR Rotterdam; tel. 0104081111; formed Church in 17th-century *** FAX 010-2120448 Batavia, the influence of the John Wolcott has researched the General interest in New Netherland. church on colonial life Maquas Padt (Mohawk Path) for Mr. C.J.M. Kremers,Benoorden­ Mr.Hendrik E. Niemeijer, Vrije the Save the Pine Bush Newsletter. houtseweg30, 2596 BBDen Haag; Universiteit,De Boe1elaan 1105, Part I appeared in the MarchiApril teL070-3247569 Kr.#7A24, 1081HV Amsterdam; teL05207-65654;FAX 020­ 1993 issue and Part II in the 5483033 May/June 1993 issue. For more in­ General interest in New Netherland. formation contact John Wolcott at Mr. Diederik Kramers, Algemeen NederlandsPersbureau, Schenk­ Interest in researchprojects relat­ [518] 465-8930. kade 220, 2595 AT Den Haag; teL ing to New Netherland and their co­ 070-3856940;FAX 070-3580700 ordination. Mr. C.F.L. Paul, Nederlands Publications General interst in New Netherland. Scheepvaartmuseurn Amsterdam, Slotweg 11, 1934 CM Egmondaan Prof. dr. R. Kroes, Universiteitvan Syracuse University Press-has-just Amsterdam,Plantage Mulder­ den Hoof ­ gracht 12, 1018TV Amsterdam; published Peter R. Christoph's tel. 020-5254371;FAX 020­ Professional interest: coordination Dongan Papers, 1683-88 (Part I) 5255210 of research on family ties between which contains Admiralty Court New Netherland and the Nether­ and other records of the administra­ Interest in (a) Pieter Corneliszoon lands. Private: Research on the tion of New York Governor Plockhoy van Zierikzee, who background of New Netherlanders Thomas Dongan. The 295-page founded a colony in 1663 in Dela­ from the border area 'Stichts-Hol­ book sells fOT $45 and is dedicated ware; (b) history of emigration land' (Woerden region) to the memory of Howard G. Hage­ Mr. Jan Lucassen, Intemationaal Mr.Nico Plomp, Centraal Bureau man for his support of the New Instituut voor Sociale Geschie­ voor Genealogie,Postbus 11755, York Historical Manuscripts series. denis, Cruquiusweg 31, 1019AT 2502 AT Den Haag; tel, 03488­ Amsterdam; tel,020-6685866; 8817; FAX 070-3814651 *** FAX 020-6654181 Carl S. VanWagenen has just sent to the printer book one of his two Interested in making New Nether­ General interest in New Netherland Mr. Edwin Pol, 't Hazeve1d 47, part family history, The Genealogy land Project material accessible for 3862 XA Nijkerk ofIacob Aertse Van Wagenen. It research in the Netherlands has been more than 14 years in the Mr. Herman Maring, Noordelijke Hogeschoo1 Leeuwarden,Postbus Interest in Netherland 'trade guns' making and will be over 500 pages 1018, 8900 CA Leeuwarden; tel. (exchanged for beaver pelts) in In­ long on 8 112 x 11 acid free paper 050-268044,058-934266; FAX dian sites in New Netherland. with a hard cover binding. Pre-pub­ 050-636172 Since 1985 study of the Seneca lication price is $60.00 per copy Iroquois collec.tion..in the Roches­ until March I, 1994 and-$75..00 Interested in houses, farms, and ter Museum & Science Center. thereafter. If you want a copy of earthenware (Delft blue). "Delft Contacts with archeologists in the book one, send your check to Carl Blue Project" and the "Houses Pro­ area of the Onondaga and Mohawk S. Van Wagenen, 12 Forest Drive, ject" at the time of the Dutch­ Iroquois; in the future perhaps in Woodstock, NY 12498; or call American Bicentennial. Albany as well. [914] 679-8077. Ms. Martha F. Miedema, Hazepad Mr. Jan Piet Puype, Legermuseum 51,1544 PW Zaandijk Armamentarium,Korte Geer 1, *** 2611 CA Delft; tel. 015-150500; Just published by New Netherland General interest: Netherlands colo­ FAX 015-150544 Publishing the first volume of the nial churches or emigrant churches New Netherland Writers Series. of the 17th-20th centuries in either General interest in New Netherland entitled Reflections on the World. the WIC or VOC sphere and the Ms. Juliette Roding, Rijksuniver­ This volume is devoted to the bibli- siteit Leiden, Postbus 9515, 2300

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 (518)474-6067; FAX (518)474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 4 ography and sample writings of his deep interest in Dutch history, Just published by FNN member Howard G. Hageman, the founding enabled the Friends to provide Gwenn F. Epperson is New Nether­ president of the Friends of New much-needed support to the impor­ land Roots. This book shows the Netherland. When the idea of estab­ tant work of the Project. The 65­ researcher how to trace a 17th-cen­ lishing a group to support the work page softcover book can be tury New Netherland ancestor back of the New Netherland Project was ordered for $5.00 from the Friends to the place of origin in Europe. first proposed in 1985, Dr. Hage­ of New Netherland, P.O. Box 2536 Step by step Epperson guides the man seized it with enthusiasm and Empire State Plaza Station, Al­ researcher through the maze of ex­ agreed to serve a first president, a bany, NY 12220-0536. Proceeds tant records. Order the 176-page position he held until his death in from the sale of these books will book (Order #1685) for $20 + 1992. His wide contacts in the enable the publication of future $3.00 p&h from Genealogical Pub­ Netherlands and in America, his numbers in the series. lishing Co., 1001 N. Calvert St., good sense and good humor, his Baltimore, MD 21202-3897; toll wise counsel and leadership, and *** free ordering [800] 296--6687.

Totidem Verbis s we all know the Dutch language did not die out upon the arrival of the English at Manhattan Ain 1664. Dutch continued to be the language ofpreference well into the 19th century; especially in the rural areas of Upstate New York and Bergen County, New Jersey. Following is an example of a merchant writing a dunning letter to a customer; the syntax and spelling is fairly typical for this generation of speakers. The original is in private hands. 1758 Septembr 4 Schonechtady 1758 September 4 Schenectady Harmanes Brouwer Harmanus Brouwer Meyn versoeck is of gy sovel gelift te donen My request is whether you would be so kind en sent meyn des soma gelt ten ersten to send me the amount of money immediately. Ik man ker het hel nodig Ik heb I need it very much. I have been allang uyt myn gelt gewest without my money for a long time. u vrou heft geseyt daet har vader Your wife has said that het betalen sou maer Ik heb her father would pay it, but I have been self op schorharey gewest Ik to Schoharie myself. I have even spoken heb u vader self gesproken en to your father and he told me that hey gen en pene daer vaen betalen wou he would not pay a single penny of it. Ik heb niet verder met u vader te doen I have nothing further to do with your father. gy hebt de goderen gehaet en gy moet mey You have had the goods and you have to pay betalen Ik hoep gy sael meyn het gelt me. I hope you will send me the money senden ten ersten of an wort hir op immediately or answer this. I want to go to Ik wou nayork gan Ik wou daet wei York [New York City]. I would like to have heben er daet Ik gong niet mer it before I went. Nothing more, verblyven u vreint en dinnaer remaining your friend and servant Isaac Truax yuer Isaac Truax, junior Kornt daet gelt £4=13=0=112 The money comes to £4=13=0=112

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 (518)474-6067;FAX (518)474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected]" 1V01. 10, No.2 "De Nieti Nederlanse Marcurius" May 1994 Upcoming Meetings and Phyllis Ryerse, 3373 Dawsonville cess: Using the Notarial Records of Hwy, Gainesville, GA 30506; Amsterdam for Historical Research." Events Registration for the seminar is $25; [404] 536-6503; fax: [404] 536­ box lunch $10 additional (only 0208. June 18, 1994, 11:00 a.m.: Hotal­ available prepaid). Contact the ing Family Reunion, celebrating New Netherland Project at the ad­ September 17, 1994: 17th Rensse­ the Bicentennial of the Lime Kiln dress below to make sure you re­ laerswijck Seminar. This year's Farm of Lee Adler in Climax, NY, ceive a brochure. theme: part of the original Hotaling Pat­ . ent. As an added treat, the Friends FamilJff.VjI October 1, 1994: Stoutenburgh­ of New Netherland will present the HistorI Teller Family Association reun­ first Alice P. Kenney Memorial Two Branches into ion at Hyde Park, NY. Contact Award, and afterwards freshly­ New Netherland Research James Spratt, P.O. Box 156, Hyde made strawberry shortcake & Park, NY 12538-0156 for com­ lemondate will be sold for $5 to Speakers include: plete information. beneftt the New Netherland Pro­ • Kenneth H. Bradt,founder ofthe Bradt Family Association on "Family Asso­ ject. For information contact James ciations: Who Needs Them?" October 15, 1994: Ackerman W. Hotaling, 22 Catherine Street, • HarryMacy,editor ofthe NYG&BRe­Family Reunion at Preakness Re­ Saranac L111<:e~-NY 1298'3. cord, on"Why New Netherland Gene­ alogists and Historians Need Each formed Church in Wayne, New Jer­ Other-An Editor's Perspective" sey. Contact David Ackerman July 9-10, 1994: Ryerse-Ryerson • PeterR. Christoph, editor of New York Descendants, 806 Phelps Road, Bicentennial Family Reunion at Historical Manuscripts and Florence Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417 for fur­ Port Ryerse, Ontario. Marten Rei­ Christoph, certified genealogist, his­ torical editor, Schuyler & Voorhees ther information. jerzen came from Amsterdam in family historian, on "A Marriage of 1646 and settled at the Wallabout, Genealogy and History" December 1, 1994: Deadline for Breuckelen. His great-grandson, • Nico Plomp, deputy director of the submission of paper abstracts for Samuel Ryerse, was a loyalist dur­ Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie in the Hague, on New Netherlanders and Hofstra's 17th Century Dutch Art ing the American Revolution and their European Ancestry: A Survey of and Life symposium. Contact moved first to New Brunswick and the State of the Art in Research of the Donna R. Barnes, Dutch Sympo­ later to Upper Canada. There he First Settlers' Origins" • Charles T. Gehring, director of the sium Coordinator, 124 Hofstra Uni­ founded the town of Port Ryerse New Netherland Project, on ''Wring­ versity, 203 Mason Hall, on the shores of Lake Erie. Contact ing Information from a Drowned Prin- Hempstead, NY 11550-1090.

New Netherland Project, NYSL. CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 [518J474-6067; FAX [518J474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e z Research Interests Anyone with information about the esp. the Philipse family (Frederick earliest African-American inhabi­ Philipse) during the 17th & 18th century incl. political & commer­ Please send information on tradi­ tants of New Netherland, please tional celebrations in the Nether­ contact: cial background. Kathy Lyon, 223 W. Glenville Rd., Mr. C.R. Schriek, Roucooppark 5, lands and Belgium held during Amsterdam, NY 12010; [518] 399­ 2251 AV Voorschoten; home tel. December through March each 9598. 071-616096 year which center on masked or *** costumed groups of entertainers (in De Halve Maen, a journal dedi­ General interest. whatever form) traveling around cated to the study of Dutch Colo­ Prof. dr. J.W. Schulte Nordholt, towns or countryside offering nial history, seeks articles in all Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, Groot some form of entertainment (mu­ Hoefijzerlaan 32-A, 2244 GJ Was­ areas of New Netherland history, senaar; home tel. 01751-79292 sic, dance, stories or plays) in re­ including archaeology, material turn for money, drink or food. culture, women's history, and the General interest. When precisely these displays oc­ Native American, Afro-American, Mr. Ernst van den Boogaart, Keiz­ cur would be ofinterest, as well as Jewish, Huguenot, and other ethnic ersgracht 802-III, 1017 ED Amster­ a description of the costumes or experiences, A quarterly publica­ dam; home tel. 020-6224322 masks, and what sort of behavior is tion, the journal features scholarly expected or tolerated from the articles, review essays, and book re­ General interest in the history of masked or costumed figures. Apart views of interest to historians and New Netherland/New York up to from Black Pinkster, and St. Nicho­ general readers. Please submit and including the first quarter of las celebrations, was there any­ manuscripts to the 18th century. Activities: (a) thing like this in white David William Voorhees, Editor, transcript translation (from Dutch Dutch-America? Reply to: de Halve Moen, the Holland Soci­ into English) and annotation of cor­ Robert St-Cyr, 22 Gates Street, ety of New York, 122 East 58th respondence (1680-1726) between Greenlawn, NY 11740. Street, New York, NY 10022. Robert Livingston and Alida *** Schuyler van Rensselaer; (b) archi­ Research information wanted on Researchers in the Netherlands val research for biography of Rev. the history of cloth manufacturing Henricus Selijns (1636--1701) during the 16th and 17th centuries General interest in New Nether­ Mr. Jos van der Linde, Webster in the Netherlands as it relates to land; particular interest in Carib­ University, Hugo de Vriesstraat 7, trade with the Indians along the bean holdings. 2313 RE Leiden; tel. home 071­ Hudson and Mohawk Rivers. The Mr. Jaap Schiltkamp, Herman 140988, work 071-144341, fax 071-121241 use of lead cloth seals is of special Gorterstraat 24, 1077 WH Amster­ dam; home tel. 020-6763872 importance. Daryl Wonderly, Box 250P Pratts General interest. Road, Munnsville, NY 13409; General interest. Mr. Gees van der Plaat, Neder­ [315] 495-5282 C.O.A. Schimmelpenninck van der lands Historisch Genootsehap, Oije, Archiefdienst Gemeente Rot­ Postbus 90406, 2509 LK Den *** terdam, Postbus 25082, 3001 HB Haag; home tel. 070-3140363 Need to discover the origin of the Rotterdam; home tel. (010) name of the small mountain to the 4775166, fax (010) 4780721 General interest. east of me (near the Ashokan Res­ Prof. dr. A.Th. van Deursen, Vrije ervoir): "Tonshi." Since the moun­ Interest in (a) dwellings; (b) farms Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105, tain on which I live has a Dutch (member of the Dutch Bam Preser­ kamer9A26, 1081 HV Amster­ origin (see related article in this is­ vation Society); (c) furnishings dam; tel. home 023-414209, work 020-5483033, fax 020-6446436 sue), I am wondering if Tonshi Mr. Jaap Schipper, Reguliersgracht might also derive from the Dutch. 13-E, 1017 LJ Amsterdam; home Interests: (a) collection of pre-in­ Or is it native American? tel. 020-6256590 dustrial utensils and archaeology Sherret S. Chase, Box 193, Chase Road, Shokan, NY 12481--0193; History of connections between 1150-1800 (ceramics, glass, metal, [914] 657-2392 Friesland and New Netherland, wood, bone); (b) 1995 exhibit of

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 [518J474-6067; FAX [518J474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e S 17th-century utensils of Dutch emi­ entation/lectures for the 1994/95 grants and the Seneca Indians; and Publications season: (c) material culture studies. • The Influence of the Dutch on the American Kitchen explores the food­ Alexandra van Dongen, Museum Syracuse University Press has an­ Boymans-van Beuningen, ways brought to America by the Dutch more than three centuries ago and the Museumpark 18-20,3000 CG Rot­ nounced the publication of the next way these foods were adapted to the terdam, work tel. 010-4419400, volume of New Netherland Project new circumstances. Slides of 17th­ ext.488, fax 010-4360500 translations. Council Minutes, century Dutch art works depicting 1655-1656, translated and edited various foodstuffs are part of the lec­ lnterest in Cabinets of Curiosities by Charles T. Gehring, 384 pages ture. (Rariteitenkabinetten) in the 17th plus index will be published in No­ • The Culinary History ofthe Hudson Region describes Native American century Netherlands, esp. the pres­ vember 1994 and the cost will be agricultural practices, the foodways of enceofethnographica and natu­ $75.00. From the SUP catalogue: the Dutch settlers who introduced ralia (plants, animals, rocks) or "A considerable portion of the min­ Santa Claus as well as cookies, and pictures thereof in Dutch collec­ many of the other culinary "firsts" of utes concern executive decisions re­ the region. Slides of beautiful Hudson tions. lated to the defense and well-being River Valley scenery, stately homes, Mr. Roelofvan Gelder, NRC Han­ of New Netherland, such as the Native American- practices.caad.art delsblad, Weesperzijde 133-11, Swedish expedition on the Dela­ works depicting various foodstuffs are 1091 ES Amsterdam; tel. home part of the lecture. 020-6948678, work 020-6266966, ware and the aftermath of the • -NEW-Tbe Forgotten Holidays ex­ fax 020-6254936 Peach War. There are, however, nu­ plains the practicesbroughthere by the merous private cases on appeal Dutch settlers in the 17th century from the court decisions of New which had a lasting impact on Ameri­ General interest. can life. The talk includes the changes Mr. C.A. van Minnen, Roosevelt Amsterdam. Gehring provides a that took place, notonly in our present­ Study Center, Postbus 6001, 4330 historical introduction and compre­ day Christmas celebration, but also in LA Middelburg; tel. home 01180­ hensive annotations. Proper names the festivities surrounding New 34296, work 01180-31590, fax Year's, Pinkster(which became an Af­ 01180-31593 have been transcribed exactly as rican-American holiday) and other they appear in the text with the in­ events that are cause for celebration, Genealogical research in the prov­ dex recording the variations after such as the birth of a child. Slides the most common form of the illustrating the various festive occa­ ince of Utrecht, esp. in the 17th sions are part of the lecture. name." century. Please write or call Peter Rose for Mr. C. van Schaik, Maliebaan 53­ further information and scheduling J, 3581 CD Utrecht ~eakers Bureau at 27 Indian Lane, South Salem, NY 10590; [914] 763-8898; FAX Mr. Piet van Wijck, Keizersgracht Peter Rose would like to announce 151, 1015 CL Amsterdam; home [914] 763-8275. tel. 020-6254057, fax 020-6652966 her availability for three slide pres-

Dutch Place Names

Submitted by Sherret S. Chase, Box 193, Chase Road, Shokan, NY 12481-0193; [914] 657-2392

s one looks to the mountains from the south berm 'promenade' near the dividing weir ofthe Ashokan Reservoir, AHigh Point, also called Ashokan High Point, is to the left. North ofthat fine, prominent peak is South Mountain, with Samuel's Point next in the crescent (with the high summits of the Shandaken Range behind and with the top of Slide Mountain peaking over that distant ridge line). Next in the near foreground is Toren Hoek (of subdivision fame), with Tice Ten Eyck's mountain to the east ofit, then the two Tonshis, Little Tonshi, and Big Tonshi-partly In Olive and partly in Hurley and Woodstock. Ohayo Mountain, finishing the crescent of mountains half circling :he Reservoir is entirely outside the Town of Olive.

Vew Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 [518J474-6067; FAX [518J474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e d

How did these mountains get theirnames? Considerjustone. On the olderUSGS maps, Tice Ten Eyckis misspellec 'Ticetonyk.' That misspelling gave rise to the notion that the name was Native American. The name is Dutch, Mattys Ten Eyck, nicknamedTice (also spelledTys), was a prominentresident ofOldHurley. His father, Conroed Ten Eyck and wife Maria Boele, emigrated in 1650 from Amsterdam. Conraedt's nickname was Coentie; he ownee land and docks on the tip of Manhattan Island called Coentie's Slip. Just off Wall Street, it bears that name today Mattys (Matthew) Ten Eyck was born on Manhattan Island, New Amsterdam, May 18, 1658, the youngest chile of Conraedt and Maria. He moved as a young man to Old Hurley (Nieuw Dorp), and married Jannikin Roosa (Jannetje) on October 22, 1679. Local records show him to have been a man of influence and prominence, witt sloops on the Hudson and interests in land. He was town assessor in 1724; supervisor in 1725; and a founder 0: the Reformed Church of Old Hurley. He died in 1741 and is buried in Hurley Village Cemetery. The fine old Ten Eyck stone house on the Esopus Flats north ofOld Hurley, dating from 1750, was built by Matthew Ten Eyck, grandson ofTice. Though not as common today in our area as some ofthe other old Dutch family names there are still Ten Eycks in Ulster County, five listed in the phone book, with at least one who could claim the nickname 'Tice.'

Totidem Verbis Publication of the Dutch text of Van den Bogaert's journal in the Marcurius has stimulated some questions about the Dutch surgeon': final days. It had been thought that he died in a shoot out with Hans Vos deep in Iroquois country. Vos had been sent by officials a. Rensselaerswijck to apprehend Van den Bogaert who had fled up the Mohawk Valley to avoid prosecution. Although the council minuu of 1 February 1648 states that an Indian has come down to Manhattan relating the death of the late commissary of Fort Orange, it doe: not detail the manner of his death except to report that he had been caught/captured in an Indian house, which burned to the ground in the confrontation; it has been assumed that Van den Bogaertdied in the conflagration. However, in the correspondenceof'Govenf.oockermam ("Stuyvesant Rutherford Papers" at the New York Historical Society) there are several lines stating that he died at Fort Orange, probably in January of 1648. Following is a transcription and translation of the lines reproduced below:

Mr. Harm heeft hemselve ondert ys begeeve en hemselve verdroncke aen het fort Oranje door dien datter volck was om hem gevange te nemen soo dat hy noch een quaet eynt genoome heeft.

Master Harm has betaken himself under the ice and drowned himself at Fort Orange because soldiers were about to take him prisoner, so that he met with a bad end.

[NB: Mr. is an abbreviation for heelmeester, "surgeon."]

New Netherland Project, NYSL, esc 8th Floor Albany, NY 12230 [518J474-6067; FAX [518]474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: ctg6067%rain%[email protected] • )JJ Vol. 10, No.3 "De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius" Au ust 1994 Upcoming Meetings and dress below to make sure you re­ ence in 1994. [see Marcurius Vol. Events ceive a brochure. 9, No.3 August 1993). The theme of the conference is "New Nether­ October 1, l~toutenburgh­ land from a BiographicatPer­ September 17, 1994: 17th Rensse­ Teller Family Association reun­ spective." Speakers include: laerswijck Seminar. This year's ion at Hyde Park, NY. Contact • Joyce D. Goodfriend (Univ. of Den­ theme: James Spratt, P.O. Box 156, Hyde ver): "The Coming ofAge ofColonial Dutch Studies in the United States" Famil-~~ Park, NY 12538-0156 for com­ • Piet C. Emmer (Rijksuniversiteit plete information. Leiden): "Opkomst en verval van de Histor I Nederlanders in het Atlantische ge­ Two Branches into October 15, 1994: Ackerman bied" • New Netherland Research • Nico Plomp (Centraal Bureau voor Family Reunion at Preakness Re­ Genealogie): "Nieuw-Nederlanders formed Church in Wayne, New Jer­ en hun Europese achtergrond: de stand Speakers include: sey. Contact David Ackerman van zaken in het genealogisch onder­ • Kenneth H. Bradt, founder ofthe Bradt zoek" Family Association on "Family Asso­ Descendants, 806 Phelps Road, • Willem Th.M. Frijhoff (Erasmus Uni­ ciations: Who Needs Them?" Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417 for fur­ versiteit Rotterdam): "Dominee • Harry Macy, editor ofthe NYG&B Re­ther information. Bogardus als Nieuw-Nederlander" cord, on "Why New Netherland Gene­ • Charles T. Gehring (New Netherland alogists and Historians Need Each Project) "Petrus Stuyvesant's Early Other-An Editor's Perspective" December 1, 1994: Deadline for Years in New Netherland: An Un­ • PeterR. Christoph, editor ofNew York submission of paper abstracts for steady Beginning as Director-Gen­ Historical Manuscripts and Florence Hofstra's 17th Century Dutch Art eral" Christoph, certified genealogist, his­ • Jaap Jacobs (Rijksuniversiteit torical editor, Schuyler & Voorhees and Life symposium. Contact Leiden): "Johannes de Laet: drie as­ .~ "0'· family historiaR,on of. DonnaR-.Bames,Dutch Sympo-. . peetenvan-een veelzijdig man" Genealogy and History" sium Coordinator, 124 Hofstra Uni­ • Ada L. van Gastel: "Adriaen van der • Nico Plomp, deputy director of the versity, 203 Mason Hall, Donck als woordvoerder van de Nieu­ Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie in wnederlandse bevolking" the Hague, on New Netherlanders and Hempstead, NY 11550-1090. Fee is Dfl. 45 per person; lunch is their European Ancestry: A Survey of included. Registration forms are the State of the Art in Research of the January 13, 1995: At the Roose­ First Settlers' Origins" available from: Instituut voor Ned­ • Charles T. Gehring, director of the velt Study Center in Middelburg, erlandse Geschiedenis, attn. Dr. D. New Netherland Project, on "Wring­ Netherlands, first seminar spon­ Hales, P.O. Box 90755, 2509 LT ing Information from a Drowned Prin­ sored by the Study Group New The Hague, Netherlands (tel: 31­ cess: Using the Notarial Records of Netherland. The Study Group was Amsterdam for Historical Research." 70-3814771). Also available from Registration for the seminar is $25; formed following a meeting at the Mr. Haks is a 5-page list of 60 box lunch $10 additional (only West India House in May 1993 as Dutch researchers interested in a network of Dutch researchers in­ available prepaid). Contact the New Netherland (which is being New Netherland Project at the ad- terested in New Netherland. One of published serially in Marcurius.i their goals was to put on a confer-

New Netherland Project, NYSL, eEe 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518J 474-6067 FAX [518J 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 2 Research Interests General interest in New Netherland. various Dutch archives. Anne Wertheim, Stichting John Frans Wojciechowski, Prof. van It­ Adams Instituut, West-Indisch ersonstraat 55, 6419 SH Heerlen; De Halve Maen, a journal dedi­ Hois, Herenmarkt 97,1013 EC home: 045-717028 cated to the study of Dutch Colo­ Amsterdam; home 035-62255; nial history, seeks articles in all work 020-6247280; fax 020­ General interest in New Netherland. areas of New Netherland history, 6381145. Martine Wolff, Stichting Cultuur­ including archaeology, material geschiedenis, Nederlanders Over­ The Scheepvaartmuseum has much zee,Postbus 50673, 1007 DD culture, women's history, and the material relating to New Nether­ Amsterdam; no phone given. Native American, African-Ameri­ land (ship travel, colonial history) can, Jewish, Huguenot, and other among which is a collection of Interest in 1) Dutch Reformed ethnic experiences. A quarterly maps, part ofthe Rensselaer­ Church in North America, 2) publication, the journal features Bowier Manuscripts; and the manu­ Source material concerning Indian­ scholarly articles, review essays, script of J. Farret about Stuyvesant. Dutch relations, especially corre­ and book reviews of interest to his­ G.J.D. Wildeman, Nederlands spondence and ecclesiastical torians and general readers. Please Scheepvaartmuseum, Kattenburger­ sources, 3) Dutch views of the submit manuscripts to plein I, 1018-KK,Amsterdam; American Indians.asexemplified David William Voorhees, Editor work: 020-5232222; fax: 020­ by letters of ministers and colonists de Halve Moen 5232213 to the home country, 4) Locating The Holland Society of New York 122 East 58th Street History of the "business" of art, es­ the sources mentioned under 2 and New York, NY 10022 pecially the culture of dwellings 3, and 5) Poor relief of the Dutch and interiors of 16th-18th century Church in North America. Researchers in the Netherlands A.Ph.F. Wouters, De Warmoezerij in the Netherlands and the relation­ 66,2651 'ZZ Berkel en Rodenrijs; ship to other countries. The influ­ This is the final installment of the no phone given. ence of the Netherlands on New list of researchers gathered by Netherland (and other colonies) fits Research on house construction in Janny Venema & Charles Gehring into this research and that of our the Netherlands and America. at their meeting in the West India students. Specifically interested in Have also done a study of the House in May 1993. inventories of household furnish­ dwellings on Spitzbergen. For re­ *** ings and their publication by NNP. construction ofDutch houses in General interest in New Netherland. C. Willemijn-Fock. Rijksuniver­ America I depend on files (build­ A. Lammers, Rijksuniversiteit siteit Leiden, Kunsthistorisch Insti­ ing contracts), invoices, invento­ Leiden, Vakgroep Geschiedenis, tuut, Doelensteeg 16, 2311 VL ries, etc. Postbus 9515, 2300 RA Leiden; Leiden; work: 071-272745 home: 01714-12427; office: 071­ H.I. Zantkuyl, Alexanderstraat 1, 272706 1623 KA Hoom; home: 02290­ General interest in New Netherland. 19716 Lenie Withart, Rijbwtiversiteit Interested in the publication of Leiden, Vakgroep Geschiedenis, sources in the area of Netherland Postbus 9515,2300 RA Leiden; News history. work: 071-272761; fax: 071­ A.J. Veenendaal, Instituut voor 272615 Last fall the Livingston Family Nederlandse Geschiedenis, Postbus Interest in 1) American Indians of Papers, which had been on deposit 90755,2509 cr den Haag, work at the Roosevelt Library in Hyde 070-3814771; fax 070-3854098 the New Netherland area, 2) Indian­ Dutch relationships, 3) Source ma­ Park, were purchased by the Pier­ General interest in New Netherland. terial concerning land transactions pont Morgan Library in New York City, to the great relief of New Hilde Verheul, Stichting John between Dutch and Indians in New Adams Instituut, West-Indisch York historians who worried the Huis, Herenmarkt 97, 1013 EC Netherland, 4) Dutch views of the American Indian as exemplified by collection could be sold out of Amsterdam; work 020-6247280; state. The Livingston Papers will fax 020-6381145 (according to letters of ministers & colonists to Janny Venema, Ms. Verheul is no the home country, and 5) Locating become part of the Lehrman Col­ lection. The Livingston papers con- longer at this address) the letters mentioned under 4 in

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518J 474-6067 FAX [518J 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 3 tain 8.000 letters and documents re­ use Dutch documents pertaining to * •• cording the personal and public settlers ofAlbany County and col­ An organization called Save the lives of one of New York's great laborated with the staff of the New Pine Bush, Inc. has nominated the founding families, from the 17th Netherland Project to select appro­ Kings Road, otherwise known as through the 19th centuries. The ar­ priate documents. The result of the the Maquas Padt, to be named a chive, a major resource for the first grant was a book oflessons National Historic Trail. This is the study ofcolonial life in America, for 4th grade entitled ''The New old colonial road which was the preserves some of the earliest sur­ World through Dutch Eyes." This first road to connect Albany with viving records ofinteractions be­ book has been distributed free to Schenectady. the Hudson River tween white settlers and Native over 200 New York State social with the Mohawk River. thus Americans. The Livingston ar­ studies teachers. which provides a avoiding the Cohoes Falls. This chives are available for research by very broad and long-lasting impact. road was widened to a cartway in scholars upon application to the cu­ 1661 for the purpose of settling rator of autograph manuscripts. In 1993 as a result of these teach­ Schenectady. Furthermore, there is Robert Parks. For further informa­ ers' efforts, Glenmont Elementary evidence that this thoroughfare ex­ tion, contact Elizabeth Wilson or School students produced an opera isted before 1661, a~ _a trade, ~I?-: __ Gracel~al'pilnlr(2t2}OS~ -- ­ and aptaytrrsptredbyNewNether- . munication, and equestrian path ext. 352. Write the Pierpont Mor­ land documents. Students were between Dutch settlements in the gan Library, at 29 East 36th Street, asked to perform this play for the Hudson Valley and the Iroquois In­ New York, NY 10016-3490; fax public during Archives Week in dian tribes to the west. All during (212) 685-4740. 1993. In an effort to spread the the Colonial period, it was the *** word about teaching with primary main connection for the English The Friends of New Netherland documents. Capobianco and colonies, together with the Hudson presented the first Alice Kenney Derosia have attended and con­ and Mohawk Rivers. between the Award to Mary Capobianco and ducted sessions at several major Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes. Gale Derosia, teachers at Glen­ conferences and Mrs. Capobianco Readers of Marcurius are encour­ mont Elementary School. The Ken­ appeared before the Board of Re­ aged to support this effort by writ­ ney Award was established in gents in December 1993. Now at ing their congressmen. or John March this year to recognize indi­ the end oftheir second grant, these Wolcott, Save the Pine Bush Inc., viduals or groups who encourage teachers are almost ready to go to 33 Central Ave. Albany. NY 12210 the understanding of the Dutch co­ press with another book of lesson lonial experience in North America plans. Their grants have also en­ Publications by research. teaching, writing, abled production, publication and speaking or in some other way. distribution of two books for the 7th grade level. In addition, they Just published by Cornell Univer­ Emphasis is on those activities sit}'.Pres.sJ.s Matthew Denni.s.'.s-Cul­ which reach a bfoad;-popular audi-­ have been:asked by two publishers to prepare materials for national tivating a Landscape ofPeace: ence in the same way Alice Ken­ Iroquois-European Encounters in ney's activities did. The award of distribution. including several New Netherland documents. Seventeenth-Century America. Mr. $250 plus Half Moon medallions Dennis is assistant professor of his­ was presented June 18 at the Hotal­ tory at the University of Oregon. ing Family Reunion. Mary Capobianco and Gale Derosia have already had a great The book examines the cultural frontiers shared by the Iroquois. Since 1992 Mary Capobianco and impact on their students; and as their curriculum is used by more the Dutch and the French in North Gale Derosia have received two America. A large section deals grants from the Local Government and more teachers, that impact will spread to a large section of the gen­ with New Netherland and Bever­ Records division of the New York wijck. To order write Cornell Uni­ State Archives to develop, teach eral public. These teachers are wor­ thy recipients of the first Alice versity Press, P.O. Box 250. Sage and publish curriculum using pri­ House, 512 East State Street. Ith­ mary documents. They chose to Kenney Award and have set the standard for future Kenney Awards. aca. NY 14851-0250.

New Netherland Project. NYSL. CEC 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518/ 474-6067 FAX [518/474-5786; GIRO6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 4

Totidem Verbis Anarticle by Edward B01in Ladies Home Journal, October 1903. More commentary tofollow in nextissue. It is said thattwenty thousand more American travelers visited the Netherlands during the past summer than in any previous year. Last winter, the librarians of the country reported that the study of the history andpeople of the Netherlands increased to such an extent that several libraries will this year inaugurate separate departments devoted to the literature of the Dutch. The desire for "things Dutch" in the furnishing of American homes has grown with wonderful rapidity. The strong pride in Dutch ancestry is everywhere noticeable where interest in genealogical matters has taken root, Some are inclined to think that this interest in the people of the Netherlands, and in Dutch things generally, is a passing fad. But others who study things more closely lean to the belief that it is based on something more intelligent and permanent: that it rests on a national awakening born of an inherent influence and blood kinship that has too long been lost sight of. As a matter of fact, the reading world of America has yet to learn the real extent of the strong Dutch influences which underlie American institutions and have shaped American life. For years we have written in our histories and taught in our schools that this nation is a tmnsplanted England: that the institutions which have made this country distinctively great were derived either from England itself, or brought to us from England by the Puritans when they settled in New England. We call England "The Mother Land of America." It is a significant fact, however, that history shows not a single instance where England itself has ever claimed this designation. England has merely accepted what American historians have chosen to lay at its door. The fact must not be overlooked, however, that seven-eighths of our American historical writing has come from authors who have been Englishmen, or descendants of Englishmen living in New England. Naturally, these men have written wholly or largely from an English standpoint. But oflate we have seen here and there a writer who has brushed aside what has been written, delved into records himself and emerged a wiser man and a more trustworthy chronicler. Douglas Campbell was perhaps among the first of these writers to point out that the men who founded New York were not Englishmen, but largely Hollanders: that the Puritans who settled Plymouth had lived twelve years in Holland: thatthe Puritans who settled elsewhere in Massachusetts had all their lives been exposed to a Dutch influence: thatNew Jersey, as well as New York, was settled by the Dutch West India Company: that Connecticut was given life by Thomas Hooker, who came from a long residence in Holland: that Roger Williams, who founded Rhode Island, was a Dutch scholar: andthatWilliam Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, came of a Dutch mother. Of course the necessary limitations of such an article as this make fullness of writing on such a subject an impossibility. All that the present writer hopes to do here is to compress facts into almost telegraphic, and therefore necessarily unsatisfactory, form.But the very form of grouping these statements presents a concrete array of facts so little known that their very surprising nature may lead some people to their fuller reading in the authorities which are open to all. Take, for instance, what may be truly designated as the four vital institutions upon which America not only rests but which have caused it to be regarded as the most distinctive nation in the world. I mean our public-school system of free education; our freedom of religious worship; our freedom of the press, and our freedom of suffrage represented by the secret ballot Not one of these came from England, since not one of them existed there when they were established in America; in fact only one of them existed in England earlier than fifty years after they existed in America, and the other three did not exist in England until nearly one hundred years after their establishment in America. Each and all of these four institutions came to America directly from Holland. Take the two documents upon which the whole fabric of the establishment andmaintenance of America rests--the Declaration of Independenceand the Federal Constitution of the United States-andone, the Declaration, is based almost entirely upon the Declaration of Independence of the United Republic of the Netherlands; while all through the Constitution its salient points are based upon, and some literallycopied from the Dutch Constitution. So strong is this Netherlandinfluence upon our American formof government that the Senate of the United States, as a body, derives most of the peculiarities of its organization from the Netherlands States-General, a similar body, and its predecessor by nearly a century of years, while even in the America flag we find the colors and the five-pointed star chosen from the Dutch. The common modem practice of the State allowing a prisoner the free services of a lawyer for his defense, and the office of a district attorney for each county, are so familiar to us thatwe regard them as American inventions.Both institutions have been credited toEngland, whereas, as a matter of fact, it is impossible to find in England even to-day any official corresponding to our district attomey.Both of these institutions existed in Holland three centuries before they were brought to America. The equal distribution of property among the children of a person dying intestate----tbat is, without a will-was brought to America direct from Holland by the Puritans. It never existed in England. The record of all deeds and mortgages in a public office, a custom which affects every man and woman who owns or buys property, came to America direct from Holland. It never came from England, since it does not exist there even at the present day. The township system, by which each town has local self-government, with its natural sequence of local self-government in county and State, came fromHolland. The practice of makingprisoners work. and turningprisons into workhouses,and, in fact, our whole modem American managementof free prisons which has caused the admiration of the entire world, was brought from Holland to America by William Penn. Group these astonishing facts together, if you will, and see their tremendous import: The Federal Constitution; the Declaration of Independence; the whole organization of the Senate; our State Constitutions: our freedom of religion; our free schools; our free press; our written ballot; our town, county and State systems of government; the system of recording deeds and mortgages; the giving of every criminal a just chance for his life; a public prosecutor of crime in every county; our free prison workhouse system--to say nothing of kindred importantand vital elements in our national life. When each and all of these can be traced directly to one nation, or to the influence of that nation, and that nation not England, is it any wonder, asks one enlightened historian, that some modem scholars, who,looking beneath the mere surface resemblance of language, seek an explanation of the manifest difference between the people of England and the people of the United States assumed by them to be of the same blood, and influeoced by the same (?) institutions? [to be continued]

New Netherland Project. NYSL. CEC 8th Fl. Albany. NY 12230 Voice [518} 474-6067 FAX [518} 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius e 4

Totidem Verbis Anarticle by Edward Bokin Ladies Home Journal, October 1903. More commentary tofoQow in nextissue. It is said that twenty thousand more American travelers visited the Netherlands during the past summer than in any previous year. Last winter, the librarians of the country reported that the study of the history and people of the Netherlands increased to such an extent that several libraries will this year inaugurate separate departments devoted to the litemture ofthe Dutch. The desire for "things Dutch" in the furnishing of American homes has grown with wonderful rapidity. The strong pride in Dutch ancestry is everywhere noticeable where interest in genealogical matters has taken root, Some are inclined to think that this interest in the people ofthe Netherlands, and in Dutch things generally, is a passing fad. Butothers who study things more closely lean to the belief that it is based on something more intelligent and permanent: that it rests on a national awakening born ofan inherent influence and blood kinship that has too long been lost sight of. As a matter of fact, the reading world ofAmerica has yet to learn the real extent ofthe strong Dutch influences which underlie American institutions and have shaped American life. For years we have written in our histories and taught in our schools that this nation is a transplanted England: that the institutions which have made this country distinctively great were derived either from England itself, or brought to us from England by the Puritans when they settled in New England We call England ''The Mother Land of America." It is a significant fact, however, that history shows not a single instance where England itself has ever claimed this designation. England has merely accepted what American historians have chosen to lay at its door. The fact must not be overlooked, however, that seven-eighths of our American historical writing has come from authors who have been Englishmen, or descendants of Englishmen living in New England Naturally, these men have written wholly or largely from an English standpoint. But oflate we have seen here and there a writer who has brushed aside what has been written, delved into records himself and emerged a wiser man and a more trustworthy chronicler. Douglas Campbell was perhaps among the first of these writers to point out that the men w)lo founded New York were not Englishmen, but largely Hollanders: that the Puritans who settled Plymouth had lived twelve years in Holland: thatthe Puritans who settled elsewhere in Massachusetts had all their lives been exposed to a Dutch influence: thatNew Jersey, as well as New York, was settled by the Dutch West India Company: that Connecticut was given life by Thomas Hooker, who carne from a long residence in Holland: that Roger Williams, who founded Rhode Island, was a Dutch scholar: and thatWilliam Penn, the founder ofPennsylvania, cameofa Dutch mother. Ofcourse the necessary limitations ofsuchan article as this make fullness ofwriting on such a subjectan impossibility. All that the present writer hopes to do here is to compress facts into almost telegraphic, and therefore necessarily unsatisfactory, form.But the very form of grouping these statements presents a concrete array offacts so little known that their very surprising nature may lead some people to their fuller reading in the authorities which are open to all. Take, for instance, what may be truly designated as the four vital institutions upon which America not only rests but which have caused it to be regarded as the most distinctive nation in the world. I mean our public-school system of free education; our freedom of religious worship; our freedom of the press, and our freedom of suffrage represented by the secret ballot, Not one of these carne from England, since not one of them existed there when they were established in America; in fact only one of them existed in England earlier than fifty years after they existed in America, and the other three did not exist in England until nearly one hundred years after their establishment in America. Each and all of these four institutions came to America directly from Holland. Take the two documents upon which the whole fabric of the establishment and maintenance of America rests--the Declaration ofIndependence and the Federal Constitution ofthe United States-and one, the Declamtion, is basedalmostentirely upon the Declaration of Independence of the United Republic of the Netherlands; while all through the Constitution its salient points are based upon, and some literally copied from the Dutch Constitution. So strong is this Netherland influence upon our American form ofgovernment that the Senate of the United States, as a body, derives most of the peculiarities ofits organization from the Netherlands States-General, a similar body, and its predecessor by nearly a century of years, while even in the America flag we find the colors and the five-pointed star chosen from the Dutch. The common modern practice of the State allowing a prisoner the free services of a lawyer for his defense, and the office of a district attorney for each county, are so familiar to us thatwe regard them as American inventions.Both institutions have been credited to England, whereas, as a matter of fact, it is impossible to find in England even to-day any official corresponding to our district attomey.Both of these institutions existed in Holland three centuries before they were brought to America. The equal distribution ofproperty among the children ofa person dying intestate--thatis, without a will-was broughtto America direct from Holland by the Puritans. It neverexisted in England. The record of all deeds and mortgages in a public office, a custom which affects every man and woman who owns or buys property. carne to America direct from Holland. It never came from England, since it does not exist there even at the present day. The township system, by which each town has local self-government, with its natural sequence of local self-government in county and State, came from Holland. Thepracticeofmakingprisoners work, and turningprisons intoworkhouses. and, in fact, our whole modern American management offree prisons which has caused the admiration ofthe entire world, was brought from Holland to America by William Penn. Group these astonishing facts together, if you will, and see their tremendous import: The Federal Constitution; the Declaration of Independence; the whole organization ofthe Senate; our State Constitutions: our freedom ofreligion; our free schools; our free press; our written ballot; our town, county and State systems of government; the system of recording deeds and mortgages; the giving of every criminal a just chance for his life; a public prosecutor of crime in every county; our free prison workhouse system--to say nothing of kindred important and vital elements in our national life. When each and all ofthese can be traced directly to one nation, orto the influence of that nation, and that nation not England, is it any wonder, asks one enlightened historian, that some modern scholars, who, looking beneath the mere surface resemblance of language, seek an explanation ofthe manifest difference between the people ofEngland and the people of the United States assumed by the~ to be of the same blood, and influenced by the same (?) institutions? [to be continued]

New Netherland Project, NYSL. CEC 8th Fl. Albany. NY 12230 Voice (5I8) 474-6067 FAX {5I8} 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] )JJ "De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius" November 1994

Upcoming Meetings and ~lth!bits examin~ Events Bronck." These . served at noon (ca..-$25}-followed the earliest roots of the Bronx from by a meeting to summarize the past the 17th century through the lives year's activities, announce plans December 1, 1994: Deadline for of some of its first citizens. Con­ for the future (including results of submission of manuscripts for tact the Bronx County Historical officers elections) and hear a talk 1995 Hendricks Manuscript Award Society at [718] 881-8900 for by the 1994 Hendricks Manuscript for the best published or unpub­ opening hours. Award winner, Martha Dickinson lished manuscript on any aspect of Shattuck (see p. 3 of this newslet­ the Dutch colonial experience in January 13, 1995: At the Roose­ ter). FNN will rent a van (or two) North America. Three copies with velt Study Center in Midde1burg, for those coming from Albany; letter of intent to enter the contest Netherlands, seminar sponsored by cost will be ca. $20. Contact Peter should be sent to the Study Group New Netherland. Rose at [914] 763-8898 or Nancy Hendricks Manuscript Award Commil1ee The theme of the conference is Zeller at [518] 474-6067 for de­ Friends of New Netherland "New Netherland from a Bio­ clo The New Netherland Project tails or registration. New York State Ubrary-CEC 8th Floor graphical Perspective." Speakers Albany, NY 12230. include: Joyce D. Goodfriend, Piet Research Interests C. Emmer, Nico Plomp, Willem December 1, 1994: Deadline for Th.M. Frijhoff, Charles T. Geh­ submission of paper abstracts for One of the researchers from the ring, Jaap Jacobs, and Ada L. van Netherlands (listed in the May Hofstra's 17th Century Dutch Art Gastel. Fee is Dfl. 45 per person; and Life symposium. Contact 1994 Marcurius) has died. Mr.C.R. lutfcnls included. Registration Schriek, Roucooppark 5,2251 AV Donna R. Barnes, Dutch Sympo­ forms are available from Instituut sium Coordinator, 124 Hofstra Uni­ Voorschoten, should be removed voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis, from your list of researchers. versity, 203 Mason Hall, attn. Dr. D. Haks, P.O. Box 90755, Hempstead, NY 11550-1090. 2509 LT The Hague, Netherlands *** (tel: 31-70-3814771). Also avail­ Researcher Kees-Jan Waterman Until January 1995: The Bronx able from Mr. Haks is a list of 60 has a new address: 1006 Devon­ County Historical Society cur­ Dutch researchers interested in port Lane, Seabrook, TX 77586; rently has two exhibits at the Val­ New Netherland. [713] 474-9131. entine-Varian House/Museum of Bronx History, 3266 Bainbridge *** January 28,1995: Friends of New Clinton A. Weslager, who wrote Ave. at East 208th Street. The Netherland Annual Meeting to be more than a dozen books and hun­ names of the exhibits are "West­ held at the New York Genealogical dreds of articles and pamphlets on chester Town: Bronx Beginnings" & Biographical Society Building history and archaeology, much of and "The Legacy of Jonas in New York City. Lunch will be it about Delaware and its native

New Netherland Project, NYSL, esc 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518J 474-6067 FAX [518J 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcuriuse Z

Rte. 6A, Box 33 between Kingston and Saugerties people. died Friday, August 5, Yarmoulhport, MA 02675 1994 in North Star, DE, at the age tel. [508] 362-6420 aboard the Half Moon. The 54­ of 85. After his retirement from Du­ *** page book is available for $9.95 + Pont Company, Weslager taught The 1994-95 yearbook from Sticht­ $2.95 s&h plus NYS sales tax from Delaware history at Wesley Col­ ing Ons Erfdeel, The Low Coun­ Hope Farm Press, 1708 Rt. 212, lege and the University of Dela­ tries: Arts and Society in Flanders Saugerties, NY 12477; [914] 679­ ware. Later, he joined the history and the Netherlands was published 6809. faculty of Brandywine College, in October. The 320-page year­ which eventually became a branch book presents to the English-speak­ News of Widener University. NNP will ing world the culture, history and greatly miss "Wes." Our sympathy society of the Dutch-speaking Well over 150 people turned out to his wife Ruth and family. world. Order the yearbook for $76 for the 17th Rensselaerswijck per copy from Stichting Ons Erf­ Seminar held September 17, 1994, Hospitality Offer deel, Murissonstraat 260, 8931 in Albany. The Project was hon­ FNN member Dirck C. Van Rekkem, Flanders, Belg.; tel. 32­ ored by the presence of Mr. & Mrs. Derwerker and his wife Susan have 56-41-1201; fax 32-56-41-4707. Tjaco Vanden Hout, the Consul offered their home to FNN-con­ *** General and his wife. The five nected persons from "Patria" who Albany Architecture: A Guide to talks were warmly received and the travel to the Albany area for re­ the City, published by Mount Ida entire seminar was recorded. A set search or even just for vacation. Press in association with the Preser­ of three audio tapes is available for Mr. Van Derwerker wants to en­ vation League of New York State, $15 from the New Netherland Pro­ courage exchanges and fruitful in­ is a thoroughly researched, user­ ject. Papers submitted by the speak­ teractions between Nederlanders friendly companion to Albany's ers will be sent toDe Halve Maen and New Nederlanders. If you are grand public buildings as well as for publication. Next year is the an­ interested in his offer, contact: its commercial centers and residen­ niversary of the Pilgrim's depar­ ture from the Netherlands and Dirk C. Van Derwerker tial enclaves. There is also an arti­ 13 Hudson Street cle by Paul Huey on Albany before Plymouth Plantation is planning P.O. Box 539 Kinderhook, NY 12106 1790. The book is available at lo­ many commemorative celebra­ [518]758-2574 cal bookstores and museum shops tions. NNP will try to connect with or from Mount Ida Press, 4 Central these celebrations by choosing a NNP invites others, both in the Ave., Albany, NY 12210. [Paper­ theme for the Rensselaerswijck Netherlands and in the New Nether­ bound 178 pages, 180 photo­ Seminar which includes the Pil­ land area (New York City, Albany graphs, 6x9" $24.95 + $2.50 gnms. area or Delaware River), who shipping + NYS tax.] might be interested in hosting re­ *** Charles Gehring Honored searchers (with or without pay­ Those of you who missed the New ment) to contact us. We can put Gunther Van Winkle and the Half Netherland Project Dinner follow­ together a hospitality list and pub­ Moon, fiction for children of all ing the Rensselaerswijck Seminar lish it in the Marcurius. ages, was inspired by the arrival of the replica of Henry Hudson's Half on September 17th, missed an ex­ Publications Moon in Kingston in 1992. Mere­ citing honor. Her Majesty Queen dith Hughes wrote the book about Beatrix of the Netherlands has ap­ modem day treasure hunting on the pointed Charles T. Gehring, direc­ Reprints of O'Callaghan's Calen­ Hudson using the ghost of Henry tor and translator of the New dars ofDutch & English Manu­ Hudson and a descendant of Rip Netherland Project, as an Officer in scripts can be obtained for $40 VanWinkle as the principle charac­ the Order of Orange-Nassau. This each plus postage from: ters. The action takes place at the Order, akin to knighthood, was es­ Adam Lambert Maritime Museum and on the river tablished in 1892 and is rarely Parnassus Book Service

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518] 474-6067 FAX [518] 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcuriuse s given to non-Dutch citizens. It is dricks Manuscript Award was es­ awarded for outstanding service to tablished in 1987 to promote and the royal house and people of the stimulate research on New Nether­ Netherlands. Presented to Gehring land. The award consists of a for Her Majesty by Consul General check in the amount of $1000 plus Tjaco van den Hout, this interna­ a framed print of Tantillo's Fort tional recognition marks 20 years Orange with an engraved plate. of scholarship translating the earli­ est records of the Dutch colony in According to the selection commit­ America. tee, "Dr. Shattuck has deftly teased out new meaning from court re­ A number of distinguished guests cords, bills ofexchange, bonds, from both the United States and and other public documents. Her the Netherlands attended the dinner portrait of Beverwijck is of a vi­ to witness the medal-pinning cere­ brant community"with a sopfiisti­ mony, which took place against the cated legal and economic system backdrop of a 20 x 10 foot Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau Medal that belies the back water image West India Company flag. The im­ New Netherland has acquired pressive flag was donated to NNP quate source material. Since the among colonial historians. There by three organizations from the founding of the Project, 15 vol­ on the banks of the Hudson, the South River (Delaware): The Neth­ umes of translations have been pub­ Dutch struggled with all the prob­ erlands Society of Philadelphia, lished. Gehring anticipates 15 lems that came from attempting to Netherlands-America Assoc. of the more years of translation work re­ impose a European-based legal and Delaware Valley, and the South main. Certainly this award is long economic system on a barter trade River Branch of the Holland Soci­ overdue recognition for the work in commodities and furs. How well ety. Dinner guests enjoyed a sump­ of Charles Gehring and the New they succeeded has not been told tuous, authentic 17th-century Netherland Project until now. 'A Civil Society' is an Dutch meal. * * * excellent work of scholarship made The 1994 Hendricks Manuscript better by felicitous writing and is a In recognizing Gehring's achieve­ Award was presented to Martha worthy winner of this year's Hen­ ments, Tjaco van den Hout, Consul Dickinson Shattuck at the Rensse­ dricks Manuscript Award." Dr. General of the Netherlands, laerswijck Seminar on September Shattuck will sU~arize her book pointed out that Gehring's transla­ 17 for her Boston University disser­ at ~e annual meetmg of the tions give balance and clarity to ration «A Civil SOCietY: Court ano- Friend-s--ef-New Netherland- 00 historians' understanding of the Community in Beverwijck, New January 28th (see p. 1). Dutch role in American history, Netherland 1652-1664". The Hen- once distorted by a lack of ade-

Totidem Verbis Conclusion ofan article by Edward Bokentitled "The Mother ofAmerica" which appeared in the Ladies' Home Journal in October 1903. Lack ofspace in the previous issue did notallow inclusion ofthefollowing biographical information: Edward Bok was born in den Helder, the Netherlands in 1863. He immigrated to America at the age ofseven. In 1889 Bok became editor ofthe Ladies' Home Journal. His farsighted and innovating ideas brought about many reforms including passage of various conservation laws and the Food andDrug Acts of1906. In 1921 his autobiography, The Americanization ofEdward Bok; won the Pulitzer Prize. [Continued fromMarcurius 1013] Norisit strangethatso stronga Dutchinfluenceshouldhaveenteredintothe establishment and making of America,whenoneconsidersthe immensedebtwhichthe worldowes to Holland.Forit maybe saidwithoutfear of contradiction that in nearly every art which uplifts and adorns human life, in nearlyevery aspect of human endeavor, Holland has not only added to the moralresourcesof mankindand contributed more to the fabricof civilization, but has also actuallyled the way.It was the firstnationto masterthe soil and teachagriculture to the world. It has taughtthe worldthe art of gardening. It taughtcommerceand merchandise to the

New Netherland Project, NYSL, esc8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518] 474-6067 FAX [518] 474-5786; GIRO6566735 Email: [email protected] De Nieu Nederlanse Marcuriuse d entire world when it ranked as the only great commercial nation on the globe. It taught the broadest lines of fmance to the world by the establishment in 1609 of its great Bank of Amsterdam, with one hundred and eighty millions of dollars deposits.ipreceding the establishment of the Bank of England by nearly one hundred years. The founding of its great University of Leyden, in 1575, marked an epoch in the world's history ofeducation, and made the Netherlands the center of learning ofEurope. Here was founded international law through Grotius, one ofHolland's greatest sons. Here Boerhave, a Dutchman, revolutionized medicine by his wonderful discoveries until Holland's medical school became the seat of authority for all Europe. From this center, too, came that great lesson in the publishing of books in the shape of the famous Elzevir books. It was the first nation to place the reader and the spelling-book in the hands of the child, irrespective of station or means. As musicians, for nearly two hundred years the Netherlands stood supreme and furnished all the courts of Europe with vocal and instrumental music. It was the Dutch who founded, in Naples, the first musical conservatory in the world, and another in Venice, and it was to their influence and example that the renowned school of Rome owed its existence. The starting of all these masterful influences would alone make a nation great But these were only a part of Holland's wonderful contributions to the world's enlightenment. It went on and introduced to the world the manufacture of woolen cloth that marked an epoch in history, and followed this up by developing the manufacture of silk, linen, tapestry and lace until it made its city of Flanders the manufacturing center of the world. It devised and presented through the Van Eyck brothers thewonderful discovery of oil-painting and revolutionized the world of art, and gave, in the person ofone of these brothers, Jan van Eyck, the originator of the painted portrait. Then came the invention of wood-engraving by a Dutchman, followed quickly by the printing ofbooks from blocks. The substitution ofmovable type for the solid block of wood, and we have the printing-press--the invention of which Germany may never concede to Holland, and yet the germ of which lay in the block books to which Holland lays unquestioned claim. But Holland need never squabble over a single invention. A nation that, in addition to what has been cited above, haslikewise invented the telescope, the microscope, the thermometer, the method ofmeasuring degrees oflatitude and longitude, the pendulum clock, thereby putting before the world the beginning ofanything which we can call accuracy in time, and discovered the capillary circulation of the blood, need not stop to split straws. We speak of the American woman today as a type apart from the women of all other nations and I am inclined to think that sometimes, in our forgetfulness of the world's history, we are apt to think of her as of our own creation. But we need only to read a few chapters of Dutch history to see whence she came. By nearly two centuries the NetherlandsRepublic was in advance ofentireEurope in its introduction of a national system of education for women. While other countries of Europe restricted the education of girls to a few members of the aristocracy and the upper classes, the Dutch inaugurated the system for the world ofan equal and early education for girls the same as for boys. It threw the doors ofits common system open to both sexes. The result was that a greateramount ofenlightenment was found among the Dutch girls than among their sisters of any other nation. Arrived at maturity, they became not the mere slaves of men, not alone the equals of men, but, to the amazement of foreigners they were absolute autocrats in their homes. Those who had no family cares became the sole managers of family estates, or branched out into agriculture and became farmers, delved into commerce and became merchants or manufacturers, while those of fmer tastes became poets and painters. And, centuries after, we see women holding the same positions and enjoying the same freedom in America as did the Dutch women in those early days. The direct influence of the emancipation of women as a sex-whether we regard the question from the original source of the laws relating to a married woman, her equal education with men, or her absolute sovereignty in the home-i-came from the Netherlands. There is a wonderful charm in reading the history of a people who have done so much toward the enlightenment of the world, and not alone in one field of thought or activity, but in every field of human endeavor. The people of no nation make so bold and strong an impression on the mind as one after another of their achievements pass before one, and especially when it is considered that all these contributions to humankind were done with one hand while the other was busy in saving every foot of land from the rushing waters. But the people always remained cool, balanced and solid. That same patient but deep, perfervid spirit which built the dikes and saved the land with one hand, and opened those same dikes, built by the very life-blood of the people, with the other, and flooded the land against encroaching enemies--that same spirit built up a nation unrivaled in history as a ftnancial, commercial, maritime, art, learning, medical, and political center, from which have radiated the strongest influences for the upbuilding of great empires-not only in the new Western world of America, but also in the far East of the Indies, and in the strong Colonial establishment of South Africa. Her glory may be of the past, but he is indeed a rash prophet who would predict the future of any nation, however small, on the face ofthe globe of today. Of some things the American traveler is today constantly convinced: That there is less intellectual veneer in Holland than in any other country in Europe; that there is more solid and abiding culture of the very highest kind, and that the modem Dutch family represents a repose of mind, a simplicity of living, and a contented happiness with life in general that we as a nation might well envy. It must be apparent to anyone who reads these facts in the newer and more enlightened histories of America that most of our previous historical knowledge of our own country stands in need ofadjustment, and that it is not at all impossible that our modem growing interest in the people of the Netherlands and its history is a forerunner ofour final enlightenment. Just as Washington Irving, in his later life, was compelled to admit himself wrong in burlesquing the Dutch founders of New York City, and class his own writing of them as a "coarse caricature," so in days to come will our more enlightened historians set aside much that has been written of the influences that shaped America, and substitute facts for theories. It will beinteresting, then, to see to what nation will be given the credit of being "The Mother of America."

New Netherland Project, NYSL, CEC 8th Fl. Albany, NY 12230 Voice [518J 474-6067 FAX [518J 474-5786; GIRO 6566735 Email: [email protected]