Japanese Reading for Beginners

JA PA NE SE RE ADING

F O R

BE GI NNE RS

ﬂ

R HUR ROSE - INN S A T E .

Ka . Vol I . na

Few a s II . C C Vol A hin e se h ar cter . I M II . C n C Vol ore hi ese h aracters .

I . L a S Vol V The iter ry tyle .

. E a Vol V The pistol ry Style .

III VOLUME .

' MORE CHINE SE CHARACTE RS

S n E n R . eco d ditio , evised

K. Y O SH I KA A . W co , ’ Ben t en -dari 1 h m , c a e ,

YOKOHAMA .

All ri hts rese ( g rwd .)

J A P A N E S E R E A D I N G

FOR

B E G I N N E R S.

VOL UME III .

MORE CHINESE CHARACTERS . ,

Th e um is : a n as Obje ct . object of this vol e threefold ( ) to i cre e the ’ studen t s k n owledge of the Ch in ese characters by a free us e of the common er

w us e a n a ch aracters ; (b) to familiarize the stude n t ith the of dictio ry of characters an accomplishmen t absolutely n e cessary if he wishes to p uz zle ,

0 a u m him w a wan a thin gs out for himself ; ( ) to cc sto to h t , for t of better

we a ma s . word , c ll the for l tyle

t s In um II a a s u : in Th e Ch arac er . Vol e , ch r cter were st died this

m m an 800 n ew a a ar e us b s a m al l presen t volu e ore th ch r cters ed , e ides l ost

In we h a a kan a at ss th e old on es . the text , ve pl ced the side of the le

n ew a a a n a u 480 u kan a : import an t of these ch r cters , le vi g bo t witho t we

t e u n n n ot ab u rm but u u suggest h st de t eed bother o t the fo er, he sho ld st dy

In t h e latter as he comes acros s them . the list of characters at the e n d of

A n I 1 80 a a are ma a a um n . this vol e , ppe dix , these ch r cters rked with speci l sig

Diction ar y of Ch aracters . The studen t must h ave a diction ary of

a n He u a ch ar acters an d he m ust le r h ow to us e it . should look p ll the

ha a m a n d all n a n h as n n e w c r cters he eets the old o es whose re di g he forgotte .

The rom an iz ed version of the text will s erve as a check ; but he h ad better

un a Ja an aid n a an d n try to r vel the p ese text by the of his dictio ry , o ly refer

an z an a n m a u a n to the ro m i ed tr sliter tio to ke s re his re di g is correct . As a

’ help to those wh o possess our BE GINNE RS DICTIONARY OF CHINE SE ~JAPANE SE — CHARACTE RS- an d n o hin dran ce to those wh o do n ot we have pl aced a

t a n at t he s e m un are un in th e D n a ver ic l li e the left of co po ds which fo d ictio ry .

Tw n o li es me an that the characters are a proper n am e .

a n a in s i a Th e Form al St yl e . Al l the re di g m tter this volume i n wh t J APANE sE E N O 4 R ADI G F R B E GINNE RS .

a th e m a is we c ll for l style . This a v ariety of the spoke n la n guage used by w the Japan ese he n they are addressin g an audie n ce an d sometimes also in

n I m a b e n as m n b n writi g . t y co sidered so ethi g etwee ordin ary colloq uial

an d a . In a n a wa ma sa ha a the liter ry style ge er l y, we y y t t its djective an d ms an d m an d as are verb for , ost of the other words phr es , those of ordin ary colloquial : but it uses s ome words an d phrases which belon g to the

’ l a . us in a h a Ja an s w sa n a A i on iter ry style Th , speec , p e e ill y i ste d of pp ,

' Wa a kum but W ul n s a s n ta n m a n g , he o d ever y thi whe lki g si ply to frie d .

The on e con struction which may b e con sidered as distin ctive of the formal s l us n on - n a ms dc ar u dc ar im asu n e a ty e is the e of the co tr cted for , , etc ., i s t d

- n a m da desu etc . n on c n t a of the co tr cted for s , , The o r cted forms do n ot

n a on on e an an d on belo g to the liter ry style the h d , the other, they are

us b n a in an n a . hardly ever ed y ordi ry people ordi ry con versation . We s ay

n a a s as u s a ordi ry people dvi edly , we wish to excl de soldier , who re

i a n acc ustomed to s pe akin g n very stiff a d formal way.

In n ot m a ma s we a u a am s order to co plic te tter , h ve p rposely voided ex ple

b s s N in which the formal style orrow too freely from the literary tyle . ote that the old-fashi on ed n egative termin ation of verb s in an equivalen t to the

m n n ai a n u in m a . co mo er of tod y , is ofte sed the for l style

o t a a n n u s in v u v um Ph n e ic . We c lled tte tio c r orily the pre io s ol e to the

a a man a a are s o n u a a a n a t a f ct th t y ch r cters co str cted th t cert i p r , c lled the

Ra a a a u n n m an n an d an a P n dic l , gives v g e otio of its e i g, other, c lled the ho etic ,

t n s a un s an n s n u n an idea of i s Chi e e re din g . The der t di g of thi co str ctio of

man y characters becomes m ore an d more importan t as the studen t advan ces

in h is s tudies ; so we shall e n de avour to expl ain by mean s of an example in

E n m n al C n s n n s . ash ma glish , the e t process of the hi e e i ve tor The word y

m an in E n a a n u o f m us n : t wo e glish cert i tree , or the resid e co b tio the

mean in gs c an n ot be distin guished except by mean s of the context . L e t us

su w a on e was w n an d n ppose , ho ever, th t ritte 7K k ; the they §I the other g would be easily distin guished an d in a very logical m an n e r : the ﬁrst on e

wo uld mean ash which h as referen ce to tree an d the secon d ash which

’

h as n c . Now m n m ha i n E n t h e . refere e to ﬁre , for every ho o y we ve glish , E III RE INE SE TE RS . VOL UM . MO CH CHARAC 5

' Chin ese h ave perhaps a hun dred : so it became v ery n cces sary to diff eren tiate

m in n an d m n was out w a a the writi g , the syste for doi g so worked ith good de l of in gen uity ; but it must n ot be thought that the whole subject is as simme

ma On a n as the above examples would appear to ke it . p ssi g i n to Japan ese

n s m h as u f n s a but n u h ma n s the perfectio of the sy te s f ered co ider bly, e o g re i

ma w a n e u n th C n i . e . ua to ke it orth while st dyi g the rel tio s of hi ese , the q si

C n a n s a a s a sam w n n c m n hi ese , re di g of ch r cter which h ve the e ritte pho eti ele e t in um w u a a n n s su ur this vol e e shall freq en tly c ll tte tio to thi bject in o n otes .

A f e w simple Japan ese examples m ay n ot be out of place here : i n

a e ach c ase it is e sy to guess which mean in g correspon ds to which cha racter .

are a chi on e m an s a n ﬁt at; both re d , e e rth , the other po d

J are a ki on e m an s hun ﬁn, UL both re d , e desk, the other to be g ry

4 are a da on e m an u n ak 7315 M5 both re d , e s r dder, the other s e

are a eat on e m an s w k ye yr both re d , e to blo , the other to coo

ar e a o on e m an an ua c both re d g , e s l g ge , the other to per eive .

n we a n in A n s II an d For refere ce , h ve give ppe dice III some tables

a related to this m tter .

t n as f e w a v i . un Th e Tex . With the exceptio of the l t p ges, z those der

a n N SPAPERS all um are a en n the he di g EW , the pieces of this vol e t k , by k i d

miss n MOMBUSHO m m El m n a I per io of the , fro so e e e t ry School Readers . t mu w un s a a u st , ho ever, be der tood th t ltho gh the text itself has been reproduced

u an ar a n m a a ca a . e witho t y v i tio , wh t we y ll the orthogr phy , i . e the us of kan - i kan a - a has n an s u u j for or vice vers , bee ch ged to it o r con ven ien ce .

Tran la i n . An E n an a n b s t o glish tr sl tio y Dr . Whyman t of all th e i pieces n this volume h as bee n published an d may prove us eful : but the n stude t would do well to try to make sen s e of the text before seein g the

a an n . In s w u n an n tr sl tio order to do thi , he ill , of co rse , eed ordi ary

Ja an -E n D n a a p ese glish ictio ry for ll the words in kan a .

Although we suppose that the stude n t h as studied Japan ese grammar ,

a u ul u u u n him n as we h ve tho ght it wo d be sef l to f r ish , for refere ce n eeded , with the followin g E SE E NG NE 6 JAPAN R ADI FOR BE GIN RS .

List of th e Prin cipal Con struction s th at ar e f oun d at th e E n d

of a Clause which is n ot t h e en d of a Sen t en c e.

(a) Noun followed by th e postpositio n de

K r c wa o i n o n cbi dc k onen tateta n o dean . o j , y

(b) Adjective or verb in gerun dial form :

ki w asai a takahat s kan wa Na asa a e a a as ui . g y g , y

Kin e wa kaze wo Mite misc 6 ikar emasen h , des ita.

Shin a mo or oskiker eba nedan m o as ui . y , y

Ham n i n ar n to han a m o sakeba t r i m o n tau. , , o

(d) Adjective or verb followed by a con jun ction or con jun ctival phrase

r a e i ch as n o n i n o dc ka a : n n um e r h v e ski su , , ote especi lly the word

saite ir u n o n i uki a utta . S akn r a ga , y g f

wa. a mmar i samn i n o dc sam n i dekakemasen desln ta. Kyo , po

S z o ii ski n edan m o as at . i ina m , g

' - i - lri w i e Ip pifei wa shinda s7n m6 p pi a n g te shimatta .

n s u n a u (e) Verbal stem . U til the t de t gets cc stomed he may ﬁn d it

' a fﬁ u n z in a m un sla the s m s um w n r ther di c lt to recog i e co po d verb , te of he

’ it follows a kan -ji this s um 1s used in its n igor i e d form zuru in certain

a n u in u a ir u . . zonzuru zon ir u c ses or eve corr pted the colloq i l to j , e g or j , tsazur u tsu zr u : i n a s rn sum m i or y c se like these , the ste of beco es j

k i o r u Shir oi Izan mo art a a n m o ar i aoi n m a im s . a , , o o a

' - - Ucki n o otot wa E i o mo han asln Far ans u o m o han asu. o g (if L ) , g

- - - E u atsu n i n ar u to n aslzi mo uku ski r in mo uku s urn . g , j I) , go j

' ' Densha wa kon etsu n o téka Zrara tsiz- i kislza wa a-zchi-mchi kar a g j (55 U) , j —i ts zZ j ta.

In the secon d exam ple kan aslzi is the stem of hanasu.

In am ski m sum an d mus n ot b e n un the third ex ple is the ste of , t co fo ded

w s n u a ith ki the e mer tive particle men tion ed in (d) .

(f) Adjective in adverbial form

mi n a n ats u wa sn n sh k n a Ata z i n t ma atatak i . , ﬁ y

E F R E NN J APANESE R ADING O B GI E RS . '

E 11 MORE CHINE SE CTE S . VOLUM 1 . CHARA R 9

YD] DETCHI.

Naokichi to Chomat su wa o n aji mise n o de tchi de

u n wa as a a a o- as n i a n o f tari a m n o Aru hi sh ji k r y t hi det de , u g ise

- to it o i n o k n o k o a u wo kai mi k a. I on rusu wo s hite iru , l1 r oto o g f de it p p san -s en z ut s u n o wo ui-h on a - s en n awo dashita a a Naokichi k tte , jis gi k k r ,

' ‘ - - Wa n an n o ki n as hi n i son o ts uri n i is sen n o doka iwo s am mai wat as hita .

O k n o k o o k a- m a aett to o m i g a tsuk zu n i son o ma k a.

' Naokichi wa ato de f u ki a t suit e to g ,

A t aihe n ha k o a ku mi mo is -sen a e -n ak ereb a oto w shi ta. Im n o 0 kya g

- itt e su u n i okk ak e t e itte n ok ori n o is sen wo wat as hit a. Kae tt e To , g , ku u Chomat su wa waratt e r to, ,

” - - i Saki de wa shira n ai n o da k ara, is sen mok et e okeba yok at t a n o u .

“ . K a n Notes E A coi ; n ote the shell .

Q ‘ C ompar e : Gin ka in Déka n ; ﬁ g silver co , copper coi

' Haku n n mg doka ickel coi . g 0a u s u i t n a u a h as sk n iz as e n ig to p r e ; t r lly i ny it r fers to motio .

QN hor i n o is-sen wo wataslzita a him ma n n on e s e n n ot o g ve the re i i g ; ,

im on s en a - a h e ma n . Nohor i n d is sen ar e i a g ve of the re i der n pposition . Se e Vocabul ary no If the words had been kon o n ohori n o is-sen they might ‘ ’ m an his ma n n on e s e on e s en ma d e t re i i g n or of this re in er . This latter m an in ab u in s n al but an n m e g is s rd the pre e t t e , with other co text it ight be

on L ik u n a the correct e . ewis e nohor i no hamb n m ay mea ccordin g con text ‘ ’ ‘ the remain in g h alf or half of the remain der Q Co mpare the f oll owin g f or the similarity of the pho n etic ﬁ SE N (un it

m n e Chinsen SE N S en r o lfi m aku of o y ; fi g ) ; (fi t? y , fi g g ) ;

- Z AN Z an o Z an n en . (fi fi y , fi f : )

To itt ara Naokich i wa , ,

Sonn a koto ga dekiru mon o k a ? Hon to n o moke de n ai kan e wa

” -rin mo t ott wa a a-n ai ichi de e n r . “ Sore de m e dan n a ga i -n ai kara damatt e ireb a dare ui mo shire wa

” -n a shi i.

- Dan n a a usu da ka a n a a a ma a a a wa n a a n ai . g o r r , os r chig i g tte r

itt e mo Ch omatsu wa ma a waratt e ita . To , d

Ato ui n a s hu in wa k n k wo kiit e Naokichi wa s o k - m n tte, j o o oto , h ji i o o

da h ome t e Chomat su ui wa m a wo a a. to , hi y tt

GAN.

u am wa at atak a ui n a u k a a ka n k suz ushiku Ts b e r to, doko r to de ite ,

n ar u ma a k a n iku . Gan wa subam n o k aeru an u i to, t doko e to de t e jib k s u am i eru a a a - n o kuru ibun u k a . Mo ki n i n a k a a n a ite , t b e j tt r , g g oi oi

” R Mar i Ri Not es . RI un n h I lfi 12 ( it of le gt ) ; fg , IE H g/ , g fl (fin E

' i n Dor i é R me , H or i ; L IE , if lffﬁ i i y ) r

n m n RIN (u it of o ey) . Q Hima ismissa isu wh n a man is ismi ss h h as tim HE d l , le re e d ed e e E] g fﬁ Tobu to ﬂy ; this character is a picture of two win gs .

9 - i k Tsn metai . ? Sn zushii cool ; it h as n i zu li e 74? cold r f 5 JI Jt in Hammon z a ? JI : , jﬁ Fi i j [E] (Bif E3 1

‘ R ' J : J i ztsu a T i Jr Jzb a Ji kan , iban 3 , s , fi fi , 55El j fi aj ) i ; (fi yfi y 3 Jisan Sbo i . £52 , Effi j ) S ANIB E E N E N E . 1 2 JAP R ADI G FOR B GI N R E III . E E S E T VOLUM MOR CHIN CHARAC E RS . 1 3

. on li u. G an wa its u m o issh o n i n a s u wo tsukutt e bu. t de k r de tte , ret to

' S n n i wa -wa n o an wa u wo han arete suk oshi s a n o h e o o toki ichi g rets , ki

S wa m ch -an n a a ' H w -an n a u ru . k o a ui t o n de ik . ore i i i de o a n g n a michi i

' k Ma a u - - a tsuit e i u . k n i a a S w n o iku b e e t tob to i w ga ga to n aki u. ore

M t u ui h an ar eru a zu wo i ar u. n a k a a mo n a zu de oshi re s yo oto g tte , so o i

e u n i k uwawar u n o e aru kik u to sugu r ts d .

wo k u n o wa a a b a ts uki n o akarui b an n n ak u koe . G an o ik , sor g rete ,

‘ n i o Kumott a u a t s uki n o n ai u wa m xii ma u k a a e te i . yor y yor ichi yo r , t i i

' - a k u chiii a m n Wa n ai k a ? t suki yo ui tobu n o de ru . Yo shit o o de

KAJ].

’

. k dare ama Jan an an . an a n a u . Ka da a da D , j , j K e g r p , k ji o o , ri

o u wa n airas h ii t k .

- - A a a Hi o k o a ban a n o o ui iru. chira n o sora ga m kk da . n g bi y chitte

ot s ” /x D s l N akn n an d A An N e . H n a [ E The ictio ry give g to si g ,

W n a com a but s n ot m un N aki au. to gree with , it doe give the co po d he poun d is n ot given in the Diction ary the me an in g can often be guessed by

a m i n as m an n a o ut us in g little co mon se n se ; n the prese t c e the e i g is , to c ll together .

t ‘ g ’l m a Koe n e ar w c a . u lg; voice ; ote the by hi h it is he rd [ I wo ld see

n a u a a a b t n a m an n a a was un . more t r l r dic l , u origi lly the e i g of this ch r cter , so d

g3 1 s F Har cr u to be clear ; n ote the s un E] an d th e blue k y. a t Ku r u b e u a u f un sun ? mo to clo dy ; clo d s; der the E! @ HK This combin ation may be read accordin g to the lean readin gs isuki- o a n on etsu - a in as m an n y , or ccordi g to the , g y ; both c es the e i g is the

am but n ma ma on e a n a . O s e , the co text y ke re di g prefer ble to the other ther

am mi a m un are $3 Z en - aka shi-aski fifl} ex ples of si l r co po ds 3 , yo ; fi d b l ‘ mu r a m un A n n ashi. I m m a n s a on a n , t so eti es h ppe th t the re di g of co po d h as a n m an n k ad n S an - ats u Ma un e . differe t e i g to the re i g , g . F] g rch ,

Mi- n tsuki three mo ths . NE SE E N E N S JAPA R ADI G FOR B GIN E R .

0 5 5 ‘ E 11 1. E E SE TE VOLUM MOR CHIN CHARAC RS . 1 5

Yumihari wo m t a r a t a at o a a ato a a t suz uit e n iku ot e h shi hi o g , k r k r to to de .

Hi-m wa U ama - o n o z aim ok u- a mo H n o - o n uk e t e oto r chi d ri y de , o ch d ri e ,

- a n o of uku a a a t iru n o da 8 6 da. A n o ik oi a o su k do g y g y ke e , hi i g iss t

u M - - n a a. a a n a uts utt a n o k a mo ai a b a s awa u yok tt t to ri e shire n . K ji de g

n o k oe a ma mo ik o eru hito g koko de k .

N a a n ki - uzu a a -k ir u ue ui k n a n o n h a eshii g i te ts ki de , k w ki itte , o y ko o g

- - az wa m a a iku k a a a a n ai . Shiawase ui az a k am k e de , doko de y kete w k r k i

an i n da a - s an n o u wa o dare ? de , sh g , oji chi d

Dan - dan a- bi ui n a k ures hii ka a m ui- an mo a su shit tte ite . Sakki r o jik t t

- - - a a o k o mo ak et a dare. k r , shi g jik y

O i-s an n o u m ma n i a n u -s an a k ae tt e n o an a ui o o j chi e i i itt g h shi , y y

m - a n o doze t omatt a a u a-mun n o doze n o u - mun wa ko e y de g , f t e chi , hito e

' - - o e a o ochi ta s o da . a u a I a o s oru i t t y k Y k b a wa saiwai ui yake n ak at t . ss i n h

a kirok u-rui mo m n a u a i y i b ji de tta to n koto da .

” Notes . H hi m we a a TIE as m to r un ; n otice th at at the botto h ve man f ar a a i e . un n w . . n with legs stretched p rt , r i g ith big strides Q N - ukeru to ull o ut n an te ken . ﬁ p ; do e with the h d , therefore g ’ H n i w t n o n at t m . g po er , s re gth ; otice the bot o 9 Sawa a s a e a g? g to be excited ; hor es r very excit ble .

©1116 n i- ikan mo t u ats kar a . m an n e a ea m o h as j The e i g of m is , lr dy ; a m a . I m o w u s n n w u slight e ph tic force f ere s ppressed , the e te ce o ld still be

u m a correct , tho gh less e ph tic .

QMimai n i itta n it-gan a kaette n o han h w h g as i ml. The ords n o an ashi

f n ii-san u are a a re er to , tho gh they sep r ted by the words ga kaette. Foreig n u a fi d ers wo ld prob bly n the followin g con struction easier to un derstan d mimai n i itte kita n ii-san n o han ash i 92 13 . 0 4 Z f’ ( Z 6 i 5152 i fi (ab fifi S m s). 1 6 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR B E G INNE R i

E SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS 1 8 JAPAN E III RE N SE ERS . VOLUM . MO CHI E CHARACT 1 9

c us a n a un a aru . Are wa as u n a was n o a h f e g b hike de aru. Ch s a e m achir

c ir o - m wa t e iru k o h a w kogi a t .

i n o a a k u k u u u wo a Ok he k r ro n utt a f n e ga h aitt e kur . Shiroi ho aget

ok a ke - un m o iku ts u n a u aitt h b e to k h e ku ru .

ShOm e n n i ar u ui- h on e n t ots u n o kisen wa shikiri n i kiteki wo n aras hit e

ma ui s h u an u u n o ar . iru . I pp s r de e

H atoba n o migi n i t suit e iru kisen wa ima n im otsu wo oroshit e iru .

- n wa i i s - Oki n a k a a n o ma n mo t u wo um n ir u. Hid ri te kise ts i ko de ki i de ,

- - u M n o nn a m n im ots u m o a u a u a e s wo s ir . do o oi de , r k r k to g oro hi hite igi

- - he n o ise n wa ak a a u wo n am n a u t s urushi crosh it a . k de , s ki k r shi biki to k

Oros hita n im ot su wa u u ui ku uma n i n oset e uma mi hik as e te iku . s g r ,

w is aba ur u n o ar Are a te h e ok de e.

“ Wa-sen : a a h as a m an n ; on e Notes . THEE the ﬁrst ch r cter sever l e i gs

The m un m an Ja an : n a a m an s a . of these is p the seco d ch r cter e , bo t co po d e s ,

- a us m a n Japan ese style boat . On ly experien ce can te ach which of the v rio e in gs of a character is to be t aken in an y particular cas e . Note here the

a an in teresti n g compoun d k i n Yamato an old n ame for J p .

9 ~ n 71 ] O fﬁ D in m li a san zui i . e . 2 1 the g ; the idst p of the w ter, the ope

! z z - h 9 17mm to n aku ka oerar e nai odo. O — Nami a n u a a san zui. w w ve the ski or s rf ce of the w ter,

Komu w n . s a a n ot C n n to cro d i to Thi ch r cter is of hi ese origi , it was n n in Ja an an d h as o n a n mm n i ve ted p therefore n o re din g . A other co o

a a e Ja an e n J e ch r ct r of p es origi is Hatak . ’ ‘ E G NNE RS NE SI'J R E A N FO R 2 0 J AI A DI G B I

J ' . 1 E N E S . VOLUME 11 . MOR CHI ES CHARACTE R 2 1

K J - A l YA.

u o n ui t oshi ori n o a - a a Se a at aku me a Bok n k i jo y k ji y ga tta . g t , g s urudokut e m u osoroshii a it at te kidat e n o as ashII r O in , chotto ir to g , y j de atta .

“ ’ To te n k an t t k a m ai-as a a ak u a a wo a ui n on en n . h , To y k r deshi ite

- wo u n mo asun da k a n ai. B u tsuchi tsu oto ga kik oeru . Ichi ichi y oto g ok

- - r u k wa u wa toki doki son o shigot o ba n o m ae ui tatto mite it a . A to i k gi

k os ira t e ita i a a a k u um a n o Wa wo e . u wa a a wo k t a t e M h Ar toki k m e it . t r

o u it a mo a a B u e - t s u e n o an a- a a a w tte koto tt . ok n o i de ichi do ur b k t g g k owar eta ts uk ur oi wo t an on da a a a a u- u u u ui toki koto g tt g , yok jits s g k oshir ae t e k ureta Na u n o n n a atsui m o ase wo ma a n a a a . ts do hi de , g shi g r ,

u - ma i t ui - n a k a a h at ara t e i a. Shi o to wo shi n a a a ku re g t de g g r , bo iro iro h an as wo a k m o a u n n ui ru. Ar k o a a hi shit oto to i h shi ,

“ ibun wa ima n n a - a w o t suk utt e ir u a J koso ko k o gat an a ya kugi n do g ,

0 Ton e an ma o s t n k n . N t e . o o tope g ﬁ Kitaem to forge ; n ote the metal g n n n at n a ﬁ YOKU the ext, followi g ; the wi gs the top 2 2 i dic te the

w w u u a velocity ith hich the f t re rrives . e Na asu n a m an a an n in wa but ijﬁi g ge er lly e s to throw or b do the ter , ‘ ’ r a s n n ﬂ ow . . aus he e it is the ctive verb corre po di g to to , i e to c e the per

a n ﬂ ow it as a u s a spir tio to ; is if we s id , he ex ded per pir tio n . ERS NE SE RE A DING FOR BE GINN 2 2 JAPA E RE NE SE TE S. VOLUM III . MO CHI CHARAC R 2 3

- a n an h wa ui s hir ar e ta k a an a k a i ak a k a , moto wa s uk os i hito t j de , w i to i k r

- - - te a an a wa u n o t amashii jip pon to n aku 6 dachi k o d achi wo kitae . K t b shi

- n a kita e ru wa mi wo ki om e t e is shi n u an n i to iware t a mo o da k ar , toki y , f r

” utta mon o da .

a To itt .

a o u-s n a re in a a a k on en n o ku ui n shimatt . It su mo j b o j de tt g , y re shi de

Son o jib un made yoso e hOko n i itt e otta wak ai mus uk o ga ima de wa son o

” - “ t wo t suide as a a a ban ma aikawara zu Ton ten k an t on t en k an . a o , k r de , ,

To hat arait e iru.

KANKOBA .

ak a a de ita Maz u Machi n o n igiy n tokoro n i at arashi i k an k Oba ga k .

- u wo a u m n o he n i wa a a a a an n a n o iri g chi h ir to, igi s r , h chi, ch w do

m n wo uru m a ari a n o h e ui wa zen wan as n a n o yaki o o ise g , hid ri , , h hi do

n urim on o wo uru m a ar u. u sum am na n o m s k us ise g F de , i, k i do i e , hi ,

- o s 0 Hit n i shir ar eta l kn wn am us . N te . o we l o , f o

g SHI samur ai a k n ca u n ot n un s a a t , , ight ; be ref l to co fo d thi ch r cter

S n tta a a au us as an a c ual ﬁ © o o . . o is verb l cl se ed dje tive ; it q i es

W k i asak ima c a t un s on mas ako . a a m o ga d w son o ato wo suide his yo g h as

n ow succeeded him ; son o jiban made yoso e bake n i itte otta wakai musuko ga

ima dc wa son o ato wo tsuide his youn g s on who un til then h ad been s erv in g

h is a n s s has n o w u him . ppre tice hip el ewhere , s cceeded

9 a a b a Mas ak m g This ch r cter y itself is re d o, the is therefore ore Al. “

u ﬂ u us u . 1 1 n a a . C m II 1 a . . or less s per o , tho gh ge er lly dded o p re vol , p g f ﬁ h as little or n o me an in g here ; but is used in this combi n ation

w a mm n n hich is co o o e . NES E RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS 2 4 JAPA

RS JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNE E I I RE NE SE ARA TE RS . VOLUM I . MO CHI CH C 2 7

a ak a b n a n o o ui o-z a wo -mawat t e ta n o wo W shi , t , to i do y or tobi , tori t orae t e kuu a u u an u am n a n o o n i ki o ui ott e umu tori y , ts r , g , ts b e do y , k y s

wo k aer u wa sub e te ts ubas a a O . Ma a n iwat ori sh ichimen tokoro tori g kii t ,

o ahiru n a wa i u- o a s ui- o n i a a ak a u ba—n ai a a ch , do r k j y j b k ri ite, t k to k r ,

s a a i son o t s uba g chiisa .

uru sa u n a n a m zu n o n ak a wo a uk u wa a a n a a . Ts , gi, k i do i r tori h gi g g i

- R u o ni iru a n o n a a n o wa dacho aru . Dacho wa o ik j tori de , h gi g i de ch

r ui n o u an Okikut e t am a o m o k m n o a ama ar u . chi de ichib , g odo o t hodo

H ashiru k wa uma m o a a n o s a wo bu hitsu o wa n ai oto yori b y i de , or to y

k a a t sub as wa an ahada c i ai Ha o a a wa k u mo n a ak u a h hi s . n n r , gi . g i tori bi g ,

Sh k a i awase mi a k ubi n o n agai tori wa te itei k uchibas hi mo n agai . i sh k w

Da a a m o u mo mi ikak ut e k uch ibash i a a a n a a . ch o w a h gi k bi j , b k ri g g i h gi

u m n a a ut e k uchibashi i ai M zu- n u mo k o k a a m ik . o k chibash i bi g , d ke g j i tori

wa h irat ak ut e ak a ma uk u u- o n o k uchibash i wa ma u u h os okut e , s i g r , rik ch r k ,

0 1 a a mu u in s a as a Not es. 156 This ch r cter is ch sed the epi tol ry style mere h on oriﬁ c termin ation after verbs or adjectives ; it is then re ad sor o an d h as a force about equivale n t to the mas w termin ation of ordin ary

colloqui al . Occ asio n ally whe n re ad s or o it is used in depen den tly an d it then

h as m an n the e i g of, to be . 6 Saki n m an e x t er mit e n d. 96 ofte e s , the y, tip, 2 8 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BEG INNE RS I E NE SE R TERS VOLUM E II . MOR CHI CHA AC . 2 9

' sa a t at t e r u Wa a a b n a wa uwa-kuchibas hi a k n i o i . ki g g shi , t k , to i do g oto

s u dok te a a f o i Is uk a n o k uchibashi wa u e s a a k ui-chi att e ru u ut . , y y to hit g g

” “ - u Is uk a n o a n o k ui ch i ai . ia k a aru . ir . Sore de h shi g To oto g

Me n o m o tt om o os orosh i—e n a n o wa a a a n o r ui a a a n o g w shi , t k de , k r d

wariai ui me n o mo ttomo O n o wa u u o mimizuk u n a aru . 0 n o kii f k r , do de

mi ik ai n o wa k awas emi ah iru n a n a a n o wa k ama- k u aku j , do de, g i iji , y dori , j

- ar u u ak u wa - 0 we O i a a n i hiro et e m a . Oki n ado de . K j toki doki g g t g iser

n a m n n i n a u m i e n o n a a h ir o e -sas et ara za k i ai n i o o r to, oshi k de g , shi i pp

n a n o t suk ae ru u tte te j e hodo de ar .

UMI NO SEIBUTSU.

Umi n o n a a n i wa uo a k ai a n k a -iro n o debutsu a k y y so o ho iro g ori ,

ama -zama n o s oku u s h b ts u m o aru.

G o -r ui n i wa iwas hi a i ab a ma u k at suo n a n o o ui y , j , s , g ro, do y

m z u n o h Om e n ui ka wo o o u m n a ari t ai a i y chi i tokoro y g o o g , , bor ,

am u n a n o o n i iwa n o ka a k a s o n o a a wo h o, kochi , kis do y ge y i id

0 Not es f l ashi a a bbrevi tion of kuchi bashi.

Q OSOroshi- - n . ge. k6 is a termi n ation which s erves to form abstract n ou s

In n a m hi —ke n a a a an d a . . s its origi l for it refers ge er lly to e t bles t ste, e g o ’ a n a a . In n i or i e d m as m an s lti ess or s lty t ste its g for , here , it e s look or

a a an In a ppe r ce . this l tter case it is gen erally written in kan a.

Shin tai body ; n ote that the two compon en ts have very similar

m an n an d m an n m un am as a a e i gs , the e i g of the co po d is the s e th t of e ch

c m a e n o p n t . In the previous vol ume we h ave alre ady m e t cas es like this : t S hin am o n o B ash . nh , g m o 9 Hir oi w an d Hir o em a ff n in t he te-hen ; g ide IE g to spre d , di er o ly

a n t n n an spre di g is of e do e with the h d .

2 5 . j 9+ The is often omitted ; see p .

(g - mShoku to plan t ; n ote the ki hen . 0 3 O o u m u w - zui 5k y g to swi ; written of co rse ith san .

Iwa a w rock ; appropri tely ritten with L“an d E ,

M E NES E E S . VOLUME III. OR CHI CHARACT R 3 1

o o u m n a ari e i a b am n a n o o n i k n o un a- 1 n i y g o o g , , k rei , ir e do y , so o s 3

shizun de iru mon o mo aru .

- G o rui n o a n i k an a ik a n a a un iru . n o in y hok , ebi , i , t ko , do g s de Ebi p

in han e t ari an n o n i a a uku o u wa ik e a k awa n i umu p , k i yoko h tte r y s , y s

awa-n ai a a a ika n o a wo s oroe te o o u ama wa mon o to chig g , t ko y shi y g s h i makoto n i om os ir o .

a ama u n a Wa un a a n o ue n i s azae a n a As ri , h g ri do s y doro ori, , k ki do

n i f uer m n m n ui t suk e ba w t i iru . ak wa s u u u Wa i a n i s u te K i g o o de , o o ,

- - - - a a an n ai . G unk an a k s n wa k k k a wo a ot os a n aka n k h are y , i e to i do i ki k ki

- a n - a n m n a aru u u. a s u i i n ak e reb a n ara n ai hodo de ar M t hi j g to o o g . Y bi

wa a - m n a n i am u ut s ukus hii s n u wa k n k ai n o k a a n o y eri do e do b er hi j , o o r

n aka n i am n o de aru .

- Mu rui m o takus an oru. Naka o moshir oi n o Wa an a a an shi de s go de , t k s

d a t ac i w a sh n o atsumat te ki n o e a n o yo n k a h o shite ir u. K n za i tama ya

m mi u u an Wa k n mu n o n ar u Ma a m n wo a a oji e s r s go o o shi ho e de . t o o r t

a f uitari u u n i t s uk au a m n m o ah ari umi n o k n o iwa n a t ri s r toki k i e , y so o do

o s Shizuma n k an d 1756 n are n a u a w n N t e . to si po d , t r lly ritte

n -z i with sa u .

Q Kaki wo kaki- otosa-naker eba s kaki a n un h ; the ﬁr t is o , it refers to s ell

ﬁ sh s arn a s . n kaki m kak u like oy ters , b cle , etc ; the seco d is the ste of the verb

to a s a scr tch, cr pe .

’ - us a a n n n - an aw © E ri dome brooch ed by l dies for f ste i g eck b d or sh l .

Q Ar u n o dc am ; this soun ds rather con fusin g at ﬁ rs t ; the n o after am

n K ai n o kar a n o k o m an is u a m n . n k n a a ni am n n eqiv le t to o o o o de ar e s,

(pearls ) are thi n gs which are in side this shell ; kon o kai n o kar a n o n aka n i

aru w ul m an a l are n s s . o d e , (pe r s) i ide thi shell

3 4 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS E . E NE SE VOLUM III MOR CHI CHARACTE RS . 3 5

N n n i wa ama a o . D n ama n i mo ki a u i ippo y g i o o y g yok sh ge tt e iru .

Ma u u n n a a ich imen n i h ae t e iru n o wa me a s a o ts , s gi , hi oki do g g mern y

- n a m a ur u . Ha u wa an a aki wa momi i ama o kokoro ochi g s r h , j de , y n

- w - mi n un sh a n agame wa toki doki ka aru. Tokoro dokoro shiroi o wo sara it

- k s ik w h kitat o n a a a an awa a a o am a n o e h i o i e r u. y t ki y t i g g tte , iss y

w o B a a n a a wo ik ada n o kudat t e iku n o Nippon n i wa ka a ga i . y i g re

a s hizuk a n a awa wo h ok ake - un n o n ob ott e iku n o wa ma u n i y , k b e , r de e

a i t att e ' a a C) aru . awa n o ue n i a a a a n o n u k it y de K k ket h shi , h shi shit ts i

- wo su u n a z awa n o k e shiki w o s oet e iru . r hito do , sore ore k

N n n o un mi wa a u n a u aki u u k a a u- awa a - n a ippo k i h r , ts , , f y w r g r iro iro

- - e - u a a h are ta a an a a a n a a n a u . I n n h g s ki , iro iro tori g k chi j k r ri to hi g

~ C u ts uki o n o n a am m o utsukus hii . k te , y g e

T HA ARAKU KOTO WA HlTO NO HOMBUN.

Niwat o ri a a - a n a t t wa m n a e doko wo a a at a . H n g t bi t bi i e , hi g g ito i

h an aret a .

mer s n - " o s a sa u. C m E n O n r N t e . g o pare the gli h expressio eye pe e the au a as au us u be ty is so gre t to c se s rprise . Q HJE JVagamer n to V iew ; n ote the eye a G3 H R m: aku Mei/taka Kélzaku m u i H dé, , , 5 , (Elfil {fi g fi g]

Koknb aku B Y un H akuské . gj : E y ) AKU (h dred , E lli y )

G S uis k 86 Séché S éban ; 8 6 é, ? (fi g , ) g (7kfi g ’ l Xfi Séka). g i KA Hen ka ; Z KA Ka an 3 67m ; ft (fi fl: ) fE (n fi f , $72 ) E

Ginka Kamotsu . (fi g , fi gfi ) RS NE SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNE 3 6 JAPA E . E NESE R E S VOLUM III MOR CHI CHA ACT R . 3 7

Ha a wa daidok or o as a- m n o sh it aku n i a a wa a a h de eshi k k ri , chichi h y ml se n 1 suwatt e o a n o omuki wo shirabet i a w dan - dan sh b i y e ru . M chi a

- - o a oku n a t u uma mo o uma mo o u . Shimbun a wa hito d ri g t e , k r t ri , t r y sh imbun - - tat s a u wo fin fi a wa ﬁn u wo ie ie n i hai u u . , gy y y gy y shite r k

Da u wa n oko iri a an Wa - a wa n m a - a wa u i ik g , s k kote , ishi y o i , k ji y ts ch

bi a - a wa h a - z n o o u wo m t m e i-mei n o Sh i ot o n 1 s t te y ri , sore ore d g ot e , g

a a u . Mu a wa n oin a kuwa wo kat suide am u k k r r de g , t bo e der toki de

aru.

a Yakus ho a m o G a o Wa mo u o a h a l mat t . mo a kk de j gy g J de , k ish de ,

- ue k a a ta ma ichido s orott e mu n i ak a u. H wa rem eiba r shi de , ji tori k r eishi p

- mu a a wa t e ish aba is o u . e k i , t bi bito e g

H n o s h oku o n i wa - at m n a m e i-mei n o Shi ot o wo ito gy iro iro te , i g shite ,

- mai n hatarait e iru n o aru. Hat araku a n ak er e ba sh okumot su ichi de koto g ,

- - H wa n a mo ka a n ai m n m o k os iraerare n ai . n o ko u u m w re shi , ki o o h ito f k i

ibun n o t a ki u - u n ai an m o S i- n ai ason de h a ra mi a a wa . N h j de d s hok i de , ir u n o a s n Hat araku w a u n a o n i m u a k ae tt e k uru hii m aru . r k y ier g , o o de

wa n o ombun a koto hito h de ru . “ Not es u h as n ot hi m an n u ua . a Tho gh it got t s e i g here , the s l

m an n . is a a an in a s n s an d ma us e i g of th ch r cter is, br ch , wide e e ; y be ed of

u n as an f an ai a n . a m an an s ch thi gs br ch o ﬁce , br ch (r lw y) li e H lso e s br ch ,

but in n a w n b an a n ki hen . the rro se se of, r ch of tree ; ote the These two

i a a s are a SHI i Shiten Shin a Shi o . ch r cter both re d (i i; , i fifi , fi g y )

9 — “ SUN un n Sum o SON G San cho d ( it of le gth , dig? p ) ﬂ “TE , H — ¢ i / 1 on r aku i Sin ce5 Ra m . S , R n son ; SHU S U i , ) i , ( 33 ? )

8 E U Fu F Fu zn u U 5 . 3 6 j , I ji q ) ; ﬂ (ﬁ é g/)

9 7 ' 7 K6 Kéts zz Gaiko K6 G k o 3 , ; a k 55 (ﬁ ” 3 C ) BE , 158 3 8 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS E NB E R VOLUME III MOR CHI CHA ACTE RS . 3 9

MlZ U T D O KARA A .

- - o wo - a ai M zu wo Ware ware wa ichi n ichi m mizu n om a n i koto wa n . i n - ai wa a mo mi zu n o ma itt a m n a m zu wo mazete oma n koto tte , j o o y , i

n wo u n i -n ai k wa n a k os hirae ta mo o k chi ire oto i .

u suim on o wa iu ma m o i a a su a o u mo Yu cha n a . S , , shir , de ke y y sh y

a m o m u a - m n o m o m a m a , z n ak e reba n ai . Kuda o , eshi y ochi y k shi i . g deki

zu wo f uku n de a a n m - - u m i o m zu k e a ar . i ori , y s i i g

a - wa e wa m ai- as a k ao o a a u u u Ma a - w wo sus . W re r r i , k chi g t toki doki

- - u n i n a it aku n a u. a airu. u u i a a ai ka a a k an y h Toki doki y h ir to, r d g r Kit n a u n a o i a a - a u M u - a aisui - u wa u k m k . a a s ku k k r to, by i k ri y s i t rei i yo y yok h if u wo ts u oku shita at t e k a a a wo t s u oku k k wo sawa aka y shi , g r d y shi , o oro y ui u u s r .

“ Notes Do Débutsu Undo Katsudo . E1 (i bfifi , fi g] , fi g] , a

Jidésha Do i f]? ) ﬁj) (gyﬁ Rada). e Shim u u n at ur al - e n san zui . ff so p, j ice ; writt ly with

KA Ka ztsu Kekka KA Kashi (ﬁ g y , ) ; (i ? , x i Cleaka). G Kao a m a K askir a, éﬁ f ce ; co p re a head .

’ X I Kimocbz s , Kiké Ki ? (i t ? i f; , gam fi » fi fia t F f— ‘ ‘ Denki i lz é f K s Jélci . KI a, Kisen i }? ) I (Ii a ( iflg , fi l ) E N FOR E NNE RS 40 JAPANE SE R ADI G B GI

a r E e o E s ﬁ o m u a

a m m a fi a m fi s b s f e u fi t t é

k . s a . c i c n a A n d m ? t 6 s é W é R k e R e a f ﬁ 6

RE NE SE R E RS . VOLUME III . MO CHI CHA ACT 43

- - wa u a a h a n ai . Ke re domo t suki a a n o u n i wa ichi b b k ri s ik hito b k ri chi , m n a-san n o k o- u n o okisa n i n a m o h a i me wa u a i y bi hodo ri , iro j k roi g ,

- - n dan dan kawatte ao Ji r ok u aru .

a - at a a shikir i ui sh ok umotsu wo sa as hit e uwa n o h a wo K eri t e k r , g ite , k

u - wa o k a u u k ui h a ime ru. Chiisai ibun wa a r ak a n a h a wo k mak a u y r to , s g j j y

a u a okik u n a u e da n o mama a u. u man a ama kitte y r g , r to, y r K tte shi to t wo u okashite s hik iri n i kuwa n o h a wo t azun eru Oki n a k a a g , . iko g takus an uwa n o h a wo k uu n i Wa ki n o h a ui ame a u —a a u de k toki , g f ri k k r

- - o n a a su u . S n n i n a u n i m am b n o k a wo kau n o y oto g r o o koro r to , iki iko ui h it ori t s uki- k n e mu ru ma mo n ai iso as hii . , hito iri de , hi hodo g

a a uwa n o ha wo k uu n o wa o oso ui- u- o-n a a - u K iko g k , y j g ichi k r shi j n n o a a s n a a n i - n a f t suk a ut su n e uru k a ichi id de , o o id ichi ichi k u z m oto g

- - o ab aru . Nemuru a n i k awa wo n u i ka ma mi wa a a a a y t i t bi g ete , shi i k r d g s uk -tott e m i ieru .

Kon o toki ki n o e da ya wara n ado de ts uk ut ta i mabushi e ut sushit e

a u ku ka a utsukushii wo dashit e k a a a wo u umu . S a y r to , chi r ito , r d ts ts ore g ui-san - n n o u n - a k n o u n o n a a ichi chi i deki agat t e may u n i n aru. K i o k chi k

ot s OMin a-sa o u I am a n m s e . n n w m N y , the perso s to ho ddressi g y elf ; as is a n m a S R a ina- san r n this piece t ke fro chool e der, m refe s to the childre

r e u n a — - h n kisa a u as who a si g the Re der . ZIIin a san n o ko yubi odo o o bo t big

u n as yo r little ﬁ ger .

u B ésats ) ; Bo (gi g S hitsubé).

a Bo Z - H n x ( Ff L eibon ) ; mHAN (Hi mS kupp an ). Q N emar a n HE to sleep ; ote the eye . © ’ / S é S akkon S akz ztsu f S S BE AKU (WE/ ? , WEE] g ) ; fE AKU 01154? ’ k umotsu e , g S akubun S isaku . ﬁ jg , ﬂ f g ) E NG EG NNE RS 44 JAPANE SE R ADI FOR B I E III E INESE E S. VOLUM . MOR CH CHARACT R

t s u a u S n k u a k a a a n i wa Chiisai kuda ga h it o r . o o d r d su n e bat ta s hiru ga

g i k await e n i n a u n o aru soto e der u to su u n ito r de .

an u a a May u n o n aka n o kaiko wa s agi to n ar . K iko g may u wo t su

u a a h at s uk a ama a u s an a i a o n o o n a k atachi ui a k tte k r ri t ts to , g g ch y n tte,

t u u o k aik n o a n . mayu wo yab u t e dete k r . Kore w o g to i

G a a u a -n ai ka a ma a -n ai u n i mu s an a i g der to , ito g tore r , d de chi shite g

wo k oroshite ka a m a u wo n wo u n o aru . G a wa oite , sore r y ite ito tor de ma u ka a u a at e t ama o wo un ma mo n aku in shimau y r der to, y g g de , sh de k a a k u u u u ui k am n o ue n i t am o w - uk s u a o i ts e ase r . r , dete r to , s g i oite g um

S n t amag o wo umi- t suk e sas e ta k am wo s an r an - I - os o o o i shi to in . p piki de oy

- - n o tam a o wo u u shi go byaku hodo g m .

a wo k au n o wa h am n a u aki n o san - ham - o K iko to ts to do de, g ,

- - n at u o aki o in n a a aru . XVa a un wa mu a a a o an n o s g , g to g g k i k shi k r y s

— - - - a an n a un ki wa aik ok u ur i a u n a n o dai ar u. s k k i de , ito g e d s shi mon o ichi de

“I—i : o es KAN kuda m a am N t . m é , pipe ; pri itive pipes were de of b boo, ‘ ’ t ke- C therefore a kammur i . ompare : KAN Kan r itsu Kan E (g it , fi g : s7a6 B uka 4 T67575 71 t K n K 0 an i . , ; AN . r fi g ) g (fi g , ?? i ) ’ QS ana i to n ar u in n a n sa n m n ar u u m n g ordi ry co ver tio wo ld be ore atural .

QHa u- o r z o an abb a n kaik v iz . a a in g g is revi tio of o, , the l st syll ble 750 its ’ n e d igor i form . ﬁ Yaslzina n u a n u s , ; e at at m g to o ri h re r ote a to , the botto of

a a C g the ch r cter . ompare ; o S ei é é Tai o g fi Y (fi fi y , ji fi y , fi flli

um 3 3 5 7 Y su Ya i Yéiku 1753 7172 ) fig ( g ? a ) (g g , fi ? , 723 5 gJig/6; Q U - g flj r i dasu here me an s to export . JAPANE SE RE \DING FOR BE GINNE RS

J \ R E 11 M E NE SE E S. VOLUM 1. OR CHI CHARACT 47

= HANA NO SAMA Z AMA.

ak u a it sut su ben Koko n i sak ura no hana ga aru . S r no hana n i wa no

a e b e n Okisa a u s orot t e iru. b en wa mat taku g att , no g yok Mata sono

- - be tsu n i e iru k a a hit otsu zut s u n i u a d kiru . b et su natt r , tori banas koto g e

- B e n wa a wa u su m omoir o de aku wa ac i . no iro shiro mat , g no iro

U m e mo s u n i bcn a u , momo , nashi nado no hana ak ra no yo g yok

- u Tsut su s orott e iru a e f u b en Wa ia z oroi de ar . i g , mam ya ji no hana no j

wo b en w a sorott e iru a hit ot s u mi e it e hikisa no hana miru to g , mina natt ,

- a - as - a am k a n ak ereb tori han u koto ga deki nai . Mata y uri ya y e no hana

b hit ot su- de aru Wa gak u no iro ga an to iro .

Gku no hana wo t ott e shirab et e miru to k c ia guai n 1 sore - ze ro

k aw - at t e u k atach i s am a ama de aru. e ir . Sono mo mata z Mam no hana ‘

W8. k at ach i W0 e ir u asa ao Wa o cho no shit shi, g no hana jogo no y

k atachi W s i W 0 u b en a 0 hit ru . h na e Na ya daikon no ana mir to , g

Not es 0 Th e ﬁrst se n te nc e r e fe rs to a pict ure in th e School Read e r from which this pie c e Was tak en .

n - Z S n Z U To u D ai zu ; To, U e I; To , Fi f , i g a (ﬂa g ( ﬁ j ) /a

To Toka Dan e . do Z aisa ; , t , $55 ) Vi (Fi ji ﬁ f e? )

R uss G ér etsu Resslza Rekkoku (ﬁ ﬁlj y , § U$ , , pi g”

h n etsu RE S Har etsu RE S 1 B e a C i r T U T U pp , 5 ) (ﬁ gg ) fi }! (2 4m J a!

Resshi ! Charm . j : , fay“ ) E GINNE PS AN E SE E N FOR B 48 JAP R ADI G

E NES C E S . VOLUME III . MOR CHI E HARACT R 51

Fur uton to iu e e we u u n i e e e s We k o shirae t a hito , mata k r k r ma y shit ki ha

de ru no wa Igir is u no Suchibun s e n t o in hito a .

Ika naru h at sumei me ichi - de ya n i- do no f u - s e iko de ki W0 kqku yo

c w — e a Furut e n a u f ui u we k asan e t e a d eki agaru me ne d w nai . g k u k fu

t s uk ut t a u e Wa Furan su Sé n u— n i uk ab et a a u n i saisho no f n no gawa g , f ko

i Fur ut o wa e —u n i u u n i s hiz un de sh matt a . n e n i e de re ka z mo s g k r , sara

atarashii W0 I ir isu n i h e e h itots u u e we t s uk utt a. kikan g c um n shit , mata no f n

“ ' Ke n o wa dai ebu t o k an ae t e - u - h at su- w e tabi j g , Nan gats nan nichi kokai

” u u - n i n z iru To ia we e e e e mi n i e . s r kara , nani bito mo j s n no j koto

sh imbun - shi n i keke k u a e e ui e e e s mon o wa shita g , s n hi natt j s n hita

Wa u u- n i- n Su - a at z ka j nin i gi n k ta.

- e o m e suk oshi usu de a at e u e k a u a a. a K no t ki s nda kiri , y g g nak n tt g ,

' s h irab e te u t o —bu n i k e sh c) a de u u s or e we mir , kikan no ichi g atta no , s g

‘ a — - - n os hit a . e wa aw u u e ﬁ a W0 Son nochi nan no s ari mo nak , byak g j mair

- u-ui- de Ko e W i h . r 0 ki t e e e e Furut e n w arat a san j jikan ashitta , k r mad e W t

' - e me oi n i k an s h in s e e W0 e re k e n da t o iu hito bit hit , mina sono s iko y koto de a ru.

. Fulton G . No es @ e e e n . Ukabem ﬂ e th e e t St v ns to oat ; not wat r ,

- sun zui . Odor oku t o be u e e e e e th e s e e s rpris d , fright n d ; th r is am r ason f or e e t o h ors e e e is f or r e e n t h e e r f rring this E, as th r f rri g charact r

a wa a t o be e 0 u e e s 5 . i S g xcite d : e e p . 1 © j r v rb form d by adding t h e

e f or s e 7 - m sum t o on e e v ol . II . 1 71 . ©S/zim mn M modiﬁ d of an r ading ; , p S = O Sbimbun . t e u h e e E? Ke KU t o inform ; note h mo th . ®T charact rs f or c e rt ain fore ign units are obtaine d by adding D t o t he l eft of an e xisting

‘ “ characte r : thus [hj Inchi (inch) from ﬁ SUN (unit of l e ng th) ; yaFa te (fe e t) from R SHAKU (unit of l ength) ; [IE Jlf ai r u (mil e ) from i RI (unit

e l Ton t e n r u e T w of l ngth) ; [ ( f om i , ON ut g ) ﬁﬁ on acco nt of its r ading , itho

e e en e t o th e e © 1 any r f r c m aning . 2 KAN Kanslzin l G E N 52; ) ; (Eil (iti5 ‘ Gen slze Ka en , g . {i flaw} , )

RE NE SE E RS . V OLUME III . MO CHI CHARACT 53

S uchib uns e n wa n i ak ar uk at ta a u e i wakai toki kara kikan no koto g , s b r no ye i kuruma we sub e ri no ye i r é ru no ue de h as h ir aseru yo ui shitara

- - - ok aro t o n h a k an ae t e . e iku ik u y , ic i y sono koto bakari g ita Sat do mo do

- s k ut ek i w a m e ts uk uri n ao hit e u n i m o e a a dekit a . , ts i sono tass r koto g

Sono koro Igir isu no aru kaisha de basha tetsudo we k os hiraeyo to iu

a a Suchibun s e n h ats umei i we moch iit e o hanashi g atta g , no sh ta kisha miy

iu n i e Suchibun s e n wa s ui t an e mar e t e e s u we to koto natt , sono kai ha t t do

i u e We h as hir u w s t ta sh ki , sono kisha e t uk u .

I - e u a de kit e u e we s e m u hi n i n u yo iyo t ts do g , kisha no nt n hit ir ar to ,

- - n i wa s hi ho kara no k e mbut su nin wa kumo no got oku atsumatta . Naka

t o k os o u u t sum e ri de uma ui e ar u. Ya at e kisha y s r , nott kita hito mo g ,

a u - u wa shikiri ui mu we u e as et t e kisha g goki das to, bajo no hito chi tt

a h - i n ui u- o -mai ru h ashiru h t o Wa e k es o a mita g , ic i j ka j g mo kis a do shit y g deki o ? Kemb utsu- ichido wa s ikioi sus ama ii y nin sono bayai no to, ono no j

e de re ita no ni .

No G Th e e th e h e s in u e e fe s t es . ord r of c aract r a compo nd som tim s af ct

' th e e e e it doe s : u B en m EI Riben m aning , som tim s not th s g ?“ and X HE

e th e e e e e but B asha e n h e m an practically sam con ni nc ; m a s, a ors v J%$

r e e e Slzaba e s eh e s e d awn v hicl , whil m an , v icl and hors s . Q TE e e e t h e eel ﬁ N to r volv ; not wh E . @ U N IIn - m m ; a? UN Un ka Kolcu-un ; i ) (g ? , $5? )

DON r i (i g ﬁ Don ten ). e Gotoku e e u e f or e e t h e e m] , an adj ctiv s d comparisons sp cially in lit rary

' s e e to n a m o u . tyl ; it corr sponds , y of ordinary colloq ial Q Km e e e we s ee t h e e s e e ﬁ to comp t , rac ; can two comp titor , th ir l gs ’ ar e e but e t ls C e h e e e e . e cl ar, don t inv stigat oth r d tai too clos ly ompar R

1 6 ’ 5: 1 Km K adaz Kata Kr e Km K ésé 51513, y , ) E3 , (33 5725 y , ﬁ gﬁ

K bai é Keibu . y , ﬁ g ) E RS I’ ‘S E SE R NG FOR NNE 54 IA A EADI B GI 1 NE S A T RS. VOLUME 1 1. MORE CHI E CH RAC E 55

K S I T B] MU A H NO A .

u e wa Ede e n e h oru de M kashi T kaido to itta no kara Kyoto kaido , o os o u-n i- u- e - n i o~ f1- - ts u i it t e shuk uba y byak j y ri , sono aida g j san g to , omo na

- - - - - i- a o fi . I r e t ei we fi zut su e fi n g g j san atta chi nichi no y j ri to mit , j nichi

k ak att a S o e a wa k - e s sha de we sh utt ats u hodo . r g ima asa no kyu o r Tokyo

u e i Tai e n ch i ai m wa n i u u a de kiru . h s r ba, ban haya Kyoto ts k koto g na g de wa nai k a ?

u s - a a Jo e a - M ka hi no ryoko n i wa ire ire nangi n a koto g att . g h chi ri

H e - k oe - n ak ereb a - zu Fu - Oi- Ten r ﬁ - no akon yama mo nara , ji kawa, gawa, y gawa

wa s a n ak at t a h - u u n i nado mo , sono koro ha hi g kara, ito no kata g r ma nottari watashi- u e n i e w t at t a do H e -ri wa uma b n nottari shit a no atta . akon hachi

” - - O de m e e me . u a u ui e n u Oi . iu ut a a k s g , kos kosar gawa To n do atta

’ “ - e is re ad E e th e kata kana m I . Not es . IE This charact r lik sy bol

W e e hich is d riv d from it .

QTsu i n - th e e a e e e (the n g posti g station on old T k ido road b tw n . Tokyo

a e Ede . c ll d ) and Kyoto 0

r © HUKU ado s in - s in n n ot e on e hu e e s s 4§ S , y po t g tation , ; ndr d p r on 4 und e r a roof H -ﬁ a tai Shuttatsu tatsu is us e d h e re as if it were an on re ading of j S ewd atte t he e e e whil e in reality it is a kun re ading . In r v rs

T t h e e i e e e v e but oc curs : TA SU is on r ad ng of and th r for in ariabl , it is tre ated as if it we re a Japane se verb .

e QJ ege a sc e nt and d esc nt .

- ©Kata gur uma carrying on t h e should ers .

- t u e . I ou are e O Hakone hachi r i e c. q otation from a po m f y on hors back

o u cros s t h e 8 ~ r £ H e but th e ve Oi e e y can akon pass, ri r is oft n impossibl to

C I OS S . 56 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS

NE SE TE S. VOLUM E 111 . MORE CHI CHARAC R 59

N YO BU (i .

Hito-hako no matchi we t s uk uru t ekazu mo naka - naka f uk uzats u na

m on o de e we O e a t ewak e e s u u de aru . Z aim oku , sor z i no hito g shit r no

n i k ak e t e u- i we k oshirae r u mon o u- i we hi n i k awak asu we kikai jik g , jik g

on o k awaita u- i s i e ak uhin we tsuk e ru e we e n sh its u m , jik g no ak y mono , sor

‘ de k awak as u soroet e n i irer u u- n i- e z utsu at sume t e mono , hako mono , j hak

- n i u u u s e e n i chi au . Ke n o n i O e kami ts ts m mono , mina or zor g yo z i no hito

- a t e wak e w e s e b e ts u b e t su S e wo u u we h a ia . g hit , no hig to s r koto ngyo to

On a i - zu de on a i n i mon o we se izo su u n i e j nin j jikan r no , z ntai no hito ga on aji S hig e to we s uru yori me bun gyO de suru ho ga shin amon o no

- u k k tt dekibae a okut e e e m e n i O . Te kazu a a a g y , s iz daka bar ka i no matchi

- u me bun o ho n i e tt e se e su u de aru . no atai no yas i no , gy y iz r kara Moshi h it ori t e de e e su u - su u san -sen a s an -sen o - n i no s iz r naraba, hito t ts mi y g rin u e wa t ot mo e n de . tt , bikia mono nai

0 ‘A b ‘ No e i i es . Sa n o Sltdsa t ? SAI (tal nt, j fih , fi j fl

Z a imoka fi Z air é . (fi j k , fi dl y ) 9 a Sm Siam S ax H éslzi Hanshi 15i; (Egg ) ; fig (fi fig y , fi fig ,

Inshi Shi é . mﬁ , ﬁ j : j ) © Th e read e r with not b e surprise d to h ear that s inc e this article was

e th e e e u writt n pric has gon p. ﬁ HAI Shi e d Haiboku BAI BAI at (yi ﬂk pp , E55 ": ) ; E , E (E

ai i E“B ba ) . ANPB E N F B INNE RS (i JAP READI G OR EG V NE S TE RS . OLUME III . MORE CHI E CHARAC

H wa s ni ott e sh e n i e f u- e a ito sono shintai , aino nado y , ig to t ki , t ki g

ru un - n ru - a s mott omo t ekishit a s e we a . B o ho i hi e gy yo to, to bit g ono hig to

- u u n i u . n on a i s e we k urik aesu e s r koto nar Mata mai ichi j hig to kara , dar mo

de kite h a ak u i e n i ukur en su u. Sh ita att e shin am on o a y sono sh g to j r g yoi g , s eiz - O u u O daka mo k nar .

B un 6~ ho n i -zu hitori de sh u u s e W0 u u n i u gy yora , j no hig to s r koto nar

e uts uri- u - ui oru e we k ae u we to, shig to no kawar tabi goto , bash , mata kig

— - t or ik ae n ak ere ba Da de u n i we t sui asu a O . ra nai no , m da jikan y koto g i

B un o- ho ui o t te hit ori de is -shu e n i u n i gy y , no shig to bakari kakar koto

u s n t ek azu a h abuk et e it azura n i we t sui as u a . nar to , o na g , jikan y koto g nai

Mata b un gyo n i ye tt e h it ots u no shig e to n i bakari k ak at t e iru to s hize n

e n i e we e s u ui u s e n i t ekisuru u sor s ishin k ra koto nar kara, sono hig to kig

k air o hats umei w e u u aru no y ya s r koto mo .

Ke n o n i b un o wa O rieki aru mon o de aru a n i yo gy ki na no g , koko chﬁ i shi-n ak ereba - n owa k OdO- h in ot ‘ u B un o de nara nai y itc i to k e de ar . gy

“ ‘ No es . l SE I l S ei en SEr S eizé t fil (ffiwfi g ) ; (fi g , f ui é Wasei) “ NE S E ING (32 JAPA E R AD FOR

JV l/

7 ac 1 E S RS . VOLUME 1 1 . MOR CHINE E CHARACTE 63

s u u e wa i e - u u de ar u e - e e i e r shig to m na z ntai no ichi b b n kara , sor z r no sh g to w e u u n i k ode h e a n ak e re ba b un o m okut e ki s r mono , y itc i no kanga g gy no wa t ass e r - Ta b a we t suk uru ni s k u u u we ar e . to e e nai tok i no , ono ak b b n t s ukuru - e a e e e h we ts uk ut t a o e we hito bit g m im i katt na atachi nara, s r

- - k u u e e e m e i t r wa . S e kk a kanz na tok i n kumi ta e u koto d eki nai k r shit mo, s e wa n i me - ono shig to nan nara nai .

Bumme i u u ui shit a ai b un o wa su— u h at t at s u h e no shimpo s r g , gy ma mas s it , k o n n ichi de wa donna sh in am on o we se ize suru ui mo bun gyo- ho n i yora - nai

wa n - we h ot o do n ai . e ieba e u koto Mata kokka z ntai kara , n f no ta hata t a a ashi u hu we s a u e bu in we g y , daik no kao t k ri , sh nin no pp baibai shi , kan

e u we -ats uk ai k Os e ik u u u wa k ri no jim tori , y hi no se it we kyo s r to mina

um e n i -n u de aru b gy hoka nara no .

KURABE=UMA .

Mukashi aru uji - gami no 0 matsuri ui kurab e - uma no i i to i n koto

- — - e it ori ga atta . Sore wa uji k o no go k a son kara kodomo no kishu w h

No tes O Tasser ar e- n ai t he on e t h e e TS f ollowe d . ; r ading of charact r TA U ,

sur u t h e e e e by in n gativ passiv . Q “— K e h Oom t e e . j E AN compl t e compare m aning of 75 b e ginning

e th e e : G E N G AN Genki Gan itsu ; par r adings 7C , (mi , 71: E] j ) 7 1:

— ﬁ Thi s characte r may be r e ad masu or masu masu ; t h e s ign afte r th e e e e e charact r m ans that h r it is t o be re ad in its re duplicate d form . 9 Hat k a e e . e is e e T are m ﬁ ld This charact r of Japan s origin . a dis tin uish e d leatake g from in that ta have wate r and Izatake h av e not . This abse nc e of wate r is indicate d by k .

O U i-ko e e es t he j d vot of god . JAPANESE R E ADING FOR BE GINN ERS

RS NE S E ING B E C INNE 6 6 JAPA E R AD FOR 111 MORE NE S T S . VOLUME . CHI E CHARAC ER 67

n u O e m ae n i n aran de uma we haid en o shiro no ki na tat ishi no , no atama

- -k s oroe te i e we ose sh i amae t e iru . , samban da k ima ya to machi — - a u a b k a o uma Wa n i Samban daiko g nar g ayai , g hiki no issan

d s hi Y n a u e wa k - u k ak e a ta . e we h a rer e wa ashiro no m ri mad , amari ots

h t - a ik - ki u e n i- ki u e t suz uit e - k i na at a . Baba no naka hodo kar ok r , ok r , san

e me okure t e moh a a Kumak ich i t o Aisak u f ut ari e k Os o mad , y no dak no y to

a natt .

Futari uma wa e u— u n i s us un de a ik e - t e e no g b gob itta g , no migi sashi

- - Kumak iclri Kumakich i uma wa t sumazuit e mae h we . kakatta toki , no as i otta

wa tsururi s ub et t e h azumi mi - k oro att e ik e to , sono koro koro to g , no naka

e o hi o d c k n a .

Ais ak u wa odor o it e h irar i t o um a - orit e s u u n i Kumakichi , kara tobi , g

e ri we hitt suk an e u e i i o e t Tsukis oi- k e mbut su d h k s a . no , g tto kishi y nin mo

me e we hi ash it e kak e e t t e Kumakichi n i u we h ak as e r u nin kim y y , miz yara ,

‘

we n i h as hiru ue w e s e de aru . isha yobi yara , hita no sawagi

ie . No e 0 Ima a ososki e t c . be e t s . y to (r ady and) waiting impat ntly

Th e form eseshi b e longs properly t o th e literary style : in coll oquial you

d f or e s t e e e e e e e e e KO , ; . Q e E3 , woo r pr s nt d by thr tr s 7k Th charact rs 1 Z 4

O rSU 3 HEI TE I ar e u e e u e u 16 , T s d for n m ration or classiﬁcation m ch as

we us e : e h u A O D . Th e e e e ﬁrst , s cond , t ird , fo rth , or , B , , m aning h r is

th e e e u e e s e T ur u i e . rac was so q al th r was no ﬁrst or cond . © s r onomatop

’ ©Kime we hi as u e e T e Ji e r un l . h a m e y to mak on s blood co d word liv r, is

used in various amusing idiomatic e xpre ssions : kime we tsubas a to b e

’ frightene d out of one s wits ; kime we 7568 26 to b e frightene d to d e ath ; Mme

we kudak u t o b e aux ious about ; Jaime n o f ute i yatsu a bold or audacious

O ‘ e . Haku t u t e u f llow E]: to vomit ; from h e mo th D to h gro nd i .

C a e Do omp r , To B e za Teclzi Fade j: (j: A y , i ﬂﬁ mi ) [it T o Teiki . ® Yara e e e e t Ue n o i e n o 1 e t i ion . © sh te (Qi ‘u ) h r indicat s p

sawa i in e u g gr at conf sion and all topsyt urvy . N S NG FOR B NNE RS 68 JAPA E E READI EGI

”C D 4)

J‘ A (D : a C A 2 X ) / 3 . AL z t a a)

T .Q. r: s E t or Bi g 5 Of 5 a 03 if » as; 4" A . El

75. Eh b 76) D a: E i ? i a“ 0) L j Psi 73 3

i) o

7T: as t

7: V? 0) 9 73 a r R: E R VOLUME IIL MORE CHIN S E CHARACTE S . 6 9

Aisaku- - e wa Aisak u we t at ait e gata no hito bit no kata ,

o Ku i u s e k . mak eh i Kanshin da, kan hin da, rai da no rak ba shita no n i - zu uma we k ak e s as et ara i e- de mi kamawa , , kach mo kachi , kachi atta no , '

in c i wa k a r e - e we t as uk e t e wa n i hito no o hi n era nai to , ait yatta no ika

- Kumakic i a an e de k e m e mi a e a r i a . A e h g t pp na okonai da it no g tori , y

he u wa - a izure m aratame t e i-n aoshi we s e no s b kimara nai g , ata yar hit

” -n ba morawa ak ere n arumai .

To itta .

Kumakichi- - e Wa gata no hito bit ,

MO m n wa - aratamet e shob u n i wa e ye bi ase . Kachi anata gata no

d Kum akich i in ochi e su . Aisak u ri a k ok oro ak e e mono d San no pp na g , no

a s h - is a u a e mo o e u . g tasuk arima ita . A k San w jitsu n i mi ag ta n d s Deka

- — — kye kara ichi n en no aida anata g ata no mura ga go-k a s on no kashira n i

”

e h we n as att e k udasai . natt , go shi ai

To itta .

No s OAise ka- e te Ir te is n ot h e te . g this a a sign of t e plural h re ; it

e e e e e Ais ak u e th e u ku . . e isa m ans r lat d to or conn ct d with , i s pport rs of A , h e me n t who form his party .

9 K E g- S YH E ede i Flak 12 KYH H Koh a . K (ﬁ ﬁ g , gK y/ ) ; WEL ( FWJC g )

©A nata- gate ; here kale is both a sign of the pl ural and it also refers

ou u to party ; y and yo r party .

GAn ate - e te n o m e r e h e e Irate is s t he u al g r a ign of pl r . RS N S RE ADING FOR BE GINNE 70 JAPA E E V U 1 11 . NES T OL ME MORE CHI E CHARAC E RS . 71

Ke n o h a t s ut aW at t e Ais aku wa o - k a- wa oroka hanas i g , g son , kinjo

m - k i pe n no hom e mono t o natta .

HON.

- - e e wa we e ir e -ire we ob oeru . War war mai nichi hon yond , na koto

on n i wa i me aru a e h u sh ashin H no naka j bakari no g , ya c iz ya no h aitt e ir u no me aru . Yonde iru aida wa naka n i k ait e ar u koto bakari we issh in ui k an ae te iru e dekir u k a iu wa g kara , do shit mono to koto f uk ak u n e - a iu wa ta as uk u de kiru de wa ka ga nai g , hon to mono y mono nai .

Tak us an we e ak umon u de me u e we e u no hon y nda g no f kai hito , f d t r

e n i wa u n s e w - - e ma jub n i ono kanga e ne ra n ak ereba nara n u . Sat kaki h a imet e k eshitari k uwae t ari e e- e u m on o j kara mo , shit , war war no yom yo na

- — - ui u e ui wa ik u n aosu k a s e n a . E we u h nar mad , tabi kaki mo hir i kak ito, zu we i u s h ashin we ut sus u u h n - h k hito , hito no k s i mo mata hito tori

E at “ MO Me m n MO Mendo Not es . N e ba ; N , PI (gat , Fifi ) [ni (flag 3 $15 Ge kumen) ; n ot e that t h e characte r fifl consists of a mouth E] at a gate th is corresponds to th e meaning of F“? Tee to inquire . N FOR E NN S 72 JAPANE SE READI G B GI ER

\ 4

74 JAPANE SE RE ADI NG FOR BEG INNE RS . R NE S R TE RS VOLUME III MO E CHI E CHA AC . 75

e wa k a an ~ zuri t suk uri- de ar u a ui Kor pp no hon no kata g , kono hoka

- - - m okuh an u aru . e wa b an we k i n i t suk e te z ri no hon mo Sor shita katai hari ,

- - me te n we t suk uri hi z uts u t e u n i u u do aru . sono kara hot ha gi , ic mai z ri s r no

u wa in sat su a oware b a s k at su i we - h an asu a Kappa g , ono j tori koto g d - - M e kiru on a i k atsu i we de m e u t at et e t s uk aer u. ok uh an kara , j j nan do k mi

- - - - - de wa n ak er e ba n u s a n u . ichi mai , ichi mai hora nara kara , ono jiyu g kika

a k at s u i wa it su de m e n i ueru a dekiru a me k uh an de M ta j tadachi koto g g ,

- - n wa z ut su u e a iku u . e ue h e ichi mai hor kara , t ma g sobai mo kakar Sor y inn

- wa mok uh an a s utar et e u we m ochiir u a ok u n . g dan dan , kappa koto g atta

T I ACH BANA GHUSA .

e sa - u- s - - - k e u e M iji n j hichi hachi n en no sen e i n i Kimi no tam k ni no tam ,

e s en s h i we t o et a un in wa oz e i a s u de me a m iyo no g g j atta g , ono chi , kaig n

H e Ohﬁ s a riku un Ohﬁ sa f ut ari wa un - s t o no iros , g no Tachibana no g hin

e iwar eta mad .

G 12 No es . YU r e Far m, Ji 12 Ri t EE] , ( Elam 5 EH g/ , fi g} g/ ); 2m

YU Yudan Seki a YzZ zen . (flag , B ig] y , imfig ) 9 S i / 5 A (E H fig SA ( l p(E Obese ).

GE u l . KUN Kn nslzi Shake n ; G UN ) E (E ? , TEE ) f l; (r ra district JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BEGINNE RS V M II MORE NES T . OLU E I . CHI E CHARAC E RS 77

h Chﬁ s a wa To ﬁ u s h e Kotaishi Den o sh in n in Tac ibana g b kan to it , ka no g

at su un i e - ﬁ - - n e n sh - u D Ni- un n i t suite no i g j n d atta . San j shichi no i gats ai g e e uh a Chusa wa e s huts u in we i n i Te ikok u s nchi m atta g , kond no j sa wai no

e e Heik a e n i mezamashii h at araki we shi-n ak ereb a tam , T nno no on tam nara

- u s ue R o o tat ak ai mi wa uk i we hikiit e nai to , hachi gats no y y no , b a no da tai , ikioi s ur udo u s in k i k h g e shita .

e wa k e washii n i - e ue e iku- e me T ki yama jin dott , kara shita mad no

- In ChI we a n i we u u . J shiki, s kan dangan chi das

IVa a h ei wa m e s e - z u e - m e ak et e t ots u eki s a g mono to t ki jin g g hita g , e wa u u we e u a a wa ass i n i t at te m k ae . C m t ki ts r gi no hayashi mott t hus ak ,

- - - - e chﬁ e ode ri e t ach imachi ni n e we i i k or oshit a. e t ki kond , san no t ki k r T ki

wa ame - e n e u O wa - t e n i no dangan arar no yo i tond k ru. busa haya migi ik -kas h o u we uk eta a suk osh i mo u -zu h -t e n i u we no kiz g , hir ma , idari g nto

e e u e h we h a emashi h a emash i san - o e we m tt b ka no h is i g , g , toto j no t ki oi

e Hi- - a u k kki we - - - - o eta . wa u baratt , no m r no tat Toki h achi gatsu san j ichi

- hi n ob ora- de nichi no asa mo mada nai koro atta .

o ’ ’ No es B n ke n l at tach e e - de - m t . ﬁ é mi itary , aid ca p .

e ere e DE N but it e u e e This charact r is h r ad , is oft n fo nd aft r a nam

e Done h t h e e u and r ad wit m aning of Mr . This s e is common in corre spondenc e

h h n ot e e w ic is of a privat charact r . O E K Te i é - K ifi T I (fi g k t ) ; fgfi TE I (e nemy) .

MCne to m se- z th e Q e u ignoring danger .

’ ©Me e lcer u t o e out g singl . © We mette ; pe st- positional e xpre ssion common in th e lite rary style ;

u e b e e e t c. has a v ry vag m aning ; on , y, with , O Hide r i te n i gun to we m otte holding his sword in his l eft hand ; he re

e h e e we m ett is not t sam as abov e .

63 ' r h S HI B usin Shike n SHI Slate ku ; 1 (Hi d: , : t E ) ; ﬂ: (f tg )

2 11 8 111 Shi an ﬂ f ISM “ (fE‘Wﬁ g , E ‘ ).

Hi n o-me r u t h e s u © n in th e national ﬂ ag . JAPANE SE READING FOR BEG I NNERS R N V E SE E . OLUME III. MO E CHI CHARACT RS 79

- - e wa e we e sam bo we u e . I ui T ki kor mit , kara taiho chi kak ta ka kokoro

wa k at ut e wa t ess e i de H t ak e m mi k nai . odan n i aor e r u h e is h i Wa k azoe

- - e n ai . Ko re we e wa n i t e we k uwae t e f ut atabi e e kir mita t ki sara ara , s m

yose te kita .

ﬁ wa Ch sa ,

I - de s e n r o zemmet su su u t ome e t e n i chi y shita kono kochi, r t ki no

” w t s - o - i - a a u . Hi e ta k a u u na t ashi m y ku s r na .

s ak e n de u we h a e mashi e i we ekitai u u s u- u i To b ka g , t k g s r koto do

- - - e on da . Ke n o Ohusa wa u e n i n i we i t e mi san y toki s d dai dan mig , dai dan

w e n i uk et e a s e de me tawama-z u f un sen we t suz uk e t e iru t o hara ita g , or ,

u e a C us a e ui atat t e Ohﬁ sa wa t o ma mo nak hodan no bah n g h no k shi , do

ba ui ta ore t a sono .

Kat awara ui ita ichi gun s o wa Chﬁ sa w e hori no uchi ui iret e kaiho

‘ - - . Tatak ai wa u m u h a e s hii . Chﬁsa wa me we h e u shita mas as g mi att , g nto

w e sue n i - u u G un s o wa Ohﬁ sa we s e ot t e t oki agaro to s r . , dangan no shita

we u u k e washii e we e - k g ri nagara , gak kak orita

No es Ho u s e i . e . ul e . t . g n ; that which contains a a ton 6 b l t Q K U KC o Jeké o, K KB u e , ; I I (I f f , s , j i t ]: ) j]

' Ko a e eiko Ko Ke ekz / n 3 K S , l S a ka ; ( 11m y , ﬁ g] ) ; 15K (mg g ﬁ l I )

©Hite - aslz i on e st e p .

G Te we mu e to r lax .

©Do e t e u u h e e e onomatop which re pre sents h d ll so nd of t body wh n it f ll .

W — x n — e au . um it © h n ichi is us e d b e fore an ordinary noun not an . ge ne ‘ T me n u e u v l e th e e e e i se n rally has a a ing abo t q i a nt to ind ﬁnit articl a , ,

e are e u e e e u . tc . not oft n s d b for ordinary no ns 9 KAI Re iko KAI S akai . 5? (fi ffi fl (fi .fi ) 80 JAPAN ESE READING FOR BEG INNE RS

ﬁll ﬂ

N BEGINNE RS JAPANESE R E ADI G FOR VOLUME III . MORE CHI NE SE CHARACTE RS 83

o - ak e ore t ots u e ki k oe a kik oe t e hos e i us e i a t ae t ara Moshi y g g no g , , J g ,

i e e n i e 1n chi w e t o m e e e wa u u uma we hi t e m g t t ki no 3 totta o . Sono t ki s g i

. t ot s u eki k oe a k ik o et e h ose i os e i a t s uz uk u o koi Moshi g no g mo , j g y nara

un a u e h e ir u t e e e wa ore we s e o tt e waga g g k s n s it o om . Son toki no shitai

” k aeru t s um e r i de -t su kake k eyo .

a o- ak e ore t ots u e ki k oe a s n i ok ott e hos e i To itta g , y g g no g akan mo ,

- ﬁs ei wa t ae . e wa u k a shim ai shi n u j nai Bat i do nar koto to p agara, yos no wak aru we e it a a s en shi e t o kiit e e -t s uk e t e no matt g , toto sar ta , kak , sono s n i e -su att e higai t ri g naita .

Tachibana Chﬁsa wa h eize i kara k ok orozas hi no katai yﬁ ki n i michit a

un in de u we aware mu f uk akat ta Chii sa n g j , b ka kokoro mo . no yo na shi i kata we shita hito wa ikura mo aru ga gun -shi n to iwareru hodo n i uyama w re ta wa Kai u a no h eiz e i kara no okonai ga rippa de atta kara de aru . g n

H e C os ah ari on a i de a u no iros h a mo y j r .

' 0 ” No s EK - Sekimn K n e Mc seki . t . ? S I (Eff E ) ; fi SE I (fi fi )

Ka - Q ke tsukeye this form of th e impe rativ e b elon gs more properly to the l e l e ll u l u b e ke ke-tsn r it rary sty ; in co oq ia it wo ld ke e . 6 5 YU courag e ; note th e strength j] ﬁ 7 K I Keirei Fn kei KEI Keisa~ gﬁ E (mfg , Km ) ; g (g g g EE C NNE RS JAPANESE RE ADING FOR I III M N SE H R T S VOLUME ORE CHI E C A AC ER . 85

T S IK N A H A A HOSHO.

G aik e k u no aru shokai de shimbun - s hi n i t e n - in nyoyo no kok oku w e

- - das hita. Shibosh a wa o ﬁ i a s h u in wa so g j nin bakar mo kita g , j no uchi de

e e we at e i-ir er u n i i e t a h it ori no s in n y koto k m .

Aru a sh u in n i muk at t e e i e we e t hito g j , chim i no h to no t gami mott ki a

oze i a n i o iu mik e mi de an e e e we 0 n i mono mo att no , d o s in n mochii

a t az un et a natta no k to .

u u w a k ot ae t e Sh p ,

Ar e a e s su n i u mae u we g k no hit hair , maz kimono no hokori harai ,

wa shi uka n i u t - u e t suts ushimi b ait t e kara z shiro no to we shime a. Kire i z ki d

w do u wak arimash t a a e i . a wa s a c hit hukai koto sor k D n i ho. ori no rojin

t e kimashita a u u ui t at t e is u we uz urimashit a . H n i ga h ait g , s g , y ito shin

e e s u omoimashit a Aisat su we e setsu na koto wa k e re d m hirer to . shit

e e de s uk oshi n amaiki fii a u we k iit e me mo t in i , mo na g nak , nani ,

0 - Ho t h e irate kan e l y : is e e Notes . 1% symbo } d riv d from this cha NN S “JAPANESE HE ADI NG FOR BEGI ER E . R NE SE T S VOLUM III MO E CHI CHARAC ER . 87

- - o H hi me ih ak u ui k ot aet e m e ok e i n a w 11 s e . ichi ic , shika y koto a ma n aki haki

hi e ite e we wakim ae t e iru s or e de u a i wak arima s t , r igi , saho koto mo s kk r

shita .

Wat ak us hi wa waza t o ik -kan n o s homots u we yuka no n o ui n ag e t e

mas H wa suk os - n i wa e ki h ita . oka no mono h i mo ki ga tsuka nai de naka

s ore W0 u arimas h ita a e e wa h u t o su u ui f nda mono mo g , ano s in n air g

- - sh omots u we e e t ébur u ue n i okimas hit a. e de u tori ag t , no Sor chui h kai

s ash a otoko t o iu koto we hirim it .

“ H a oze i - e ir u de suk oshi mo h ui sakin I o ito g komi att naka , ito J y to

- wa s e z u shizuk a n i ibun umban we e imashit a. Ar e on un , j no j matt no j na

we u arawashit e orimasu . Wa s omats u sa ari koto yok Mata kimono nagara, pp

we te u mi ait e shi i we u shita mono ki ha mo yok g ima ta . Mata j kak toki

n i u - w u Wa m i a h H s e u e i k k u e imas i ta. y bi agi mir to, ts m j kitt oka no mono

wa e wa uts ukushik att a a u e s wa makk ur o kimono dak g , ts m no aki minna ui e imas it a natt h .

o . fi K aux Not es fi KEN (A j%% N y j eken) ; ffi AN ( .

' SHU Sim in i Keshu JU g Jzzte kn (ERA j , Fji ) ; {3 3 (If fi , E K C U 133 yejzz) ; 73 5 H (NETS: one ). Q l Kembutsu G EN Gen kin Genze i K ; , , EJ EN (fi gfi ) a (33 66? fi l? E S A N B NNE RS 88 JAPAN E RE DI G FOR EGI

NE SE READING FOR BEGINNERS 90 JAPA I NE S RS . VOLUME II . MORE CHI E CHARACTE 91

ts u oi m - Z en - we su utt e ura- Hi odori y ono bakari san nin g , kossori to michi kara y

- e e n i muk att a Ke n o ui wa e e . Hi odori oe wa shire g . naka B nk i mo otta y g

o i n i e e od k ewas h i de ar u. Fu wa no kita no ho att , y pp tokoro dan hito mo

- - i da. we it te a u mi k . tora nai mich kara , doko do yoi wakara nai Sono chi

u m akk ur a n i imatt a e e e sh a . hi g k r t , natt

Ke n o e e wa hi we t a ori n i t az un e t e itt e hitori toki B nk i no akari y , no

kariude we t s ur e t e u ash ii de aru . kita . Miru to take no takai tak m otoko

“ Te n i wa ui ts uk au u - a we e i u esh wa ikut su k a ? kari y mi y mott r . T i

“ ” To - t e Jﬁ s . k ot ae t a Yoshi ts un e wa orok on de o ba , hichi To . y katana ya

e roi we att e e i y y k rai n shi ta .

Yos hit s un e wa u tazun e maz t a .

Koko kara shir e no ho e oriru koto ga dekiru k a ?

Tot em o d as ekim en . Shire u h wa k ewashii s de uma no s iro aka , no t oreru de wa e ai as tokoro g z m en .

” DE - B en i No e . N D . t EH (II”ﬂ! j ) ; AN De nslzi) 92 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BEGINNERS ME . M E NES E TE RS VOLU III OR CHI CHARAC . 93

Shika wa do da ?

e —r t asu Shika Wa ri e i or im .

Yoshits un e wa e we u kor kik to ,

m e u- uma u- sh su e a waret e Shika yots ashi nara , mo yots a i , tada t m g

- - ir u to i nai dake no ch igai da . Shi ka no tor eru tokoro we uma no tore nai

” a k a ? e e e - t suk et e u iu a ru S n w . to koto g mono , a nai s yo To ii , yor no

u e Mi- e rose ba u h n i e e e a . u o a e . c i gak no mad d t Ma mo nak y g ak ta ,

e wa n an - ﬁ - o aru k a e - e n i- shir j j shir nai gak no shita n i aru . Tozai no mon

s ﬁ de wa ima ikusa no ma saich aru.

He e - wa e ue e un zei a e e - wa ik gata gak no kara, t ki no g g s m komo to

‘ - “ ume n i e me wa . Yoshitsun e wa zo e mot te Susum e s u y mo nai koko to , ,

’

u e . sashizu we a uma k owa att e u u e s m To shita g , mo g s k nd shimai , hito

we i- awasete s usumo Wa shi- Ke n o Yoshit sun e wa mo kao m to nai . toki

“ ” e n War e we t h on i s eyo .

O SCKU Ninseku K Sekuskin . Not es . E (AE ) ; {E SO U “Egg ) QSeg/e is th e lite rary form of th e imp erative of sur u ; in t h e c olloquial

s of today you ay shir e . JAPANESE RE ADI NG FOR BE G INNE RS V OLUME III MORE CHINES E CHARACTE RS . 95

- - . a Ko e e uma n i h u t et e a e e . r w To ii nagara , ito m chi k k rita mita

-z en - un z ei wa ic hi i ni e -orit e shir e e e e san nin no g dotto j kak , no naka s m

- - . b konda Heike wa f ui we ut ar et e do suru koto mo d eki nai . Sam o kara

- - - e e tat eraret e s an zan mi u h abur aret a. s m , c i y

HA.

Sh ok ubut s u no ha n i wa chi dome - gus a no h a no yo n i ch iisa na no m e

u me a t su u h z u u u s o i hirokut e oki ru . A i ui s o r ari , has , ba ho no y na no k ni o- - u wa chokk ei a u- u e ha n o sh s u bu de aru oni bas g rok shak mo att , it mo jo

ue n i san —shi -s ai u we suwaras e ru dekiru kara , sono g rai no kodomo koto mo d so e ar u.

Ha k atachi n i wa t ama o- daen k ei a mott omo oi a e no g gata to g g , z ni

n i a u m e — e o ui m e aru. no yo m r i no ari, hari no y hos nagai no

a u ha e t o at te iru ha mo h e k e n de Saki y moto no mar i mo ar ba , g ari,

s f No es Km K ir okkei , e e Ch E m t (ﬁg , E l -TE ) ; as

Keiben KE I Keilli Keiken . ) ; fig (fig? , M ) Q filj Rm (mg Kaji) fig Km (fi fi Keisei). PANIB E E N 96 .IA R ADI G FOR BE GINNERS

98 J APANES E RE ADING FOR B E GINNE RS RE NES E E V I RS . OLUME I I . MO CHI CHARACT 99

mukai- at t s ui iru ata k u ais o n a Wa 611 11 n o ha a is sh i t s u t e te . M g do g o n a — matt k uk i n o sh i W 0 t i mait iru. e , u or e

K CHIK A U.

k Wa m t t o o i w e u on o In In n t o n e o o m ok u e n i k a ar r k em de ar u. u Wa

u wo m am orase r u t am at a wa k a i n i t suk au tam n i kai n k wa yor e, m r e , e o

- e i 0 o as eru tam n u n o d a u K m. m o k a h ika n o u hi n z um W t r e i ka o r . ore c c n i k az oerar e ru a k achi k u t o s hit o m t t t aiset su n a m n wa ush i uma g , o o o o , ,

hits u i ut a t o aru . j , b de

’ Ta W 0 ta a as as et an n i- u um a wo hik as et ari m i m n wo owas e t e t eku g y , g r , o o o o ,

- h ak obas eta ri n oka wa us hi W 0 ir o iro n o o o n i shie ki s u u . S n u e ﬁ e , de r d r o o gy n ik s t s in - e n m ad u t o gyun yu Wa in sh okubut u o s hit e m o t ais e t su de aru . I h z e

Wa un ik u W0 k uu hit wa it att e suk un ak att a a ima W a ze n k ok u ku a- n u gy o g , de w

n a u at t ok - s a - u t ok oro ga k n a . T yo hi d k e de mo ich i n en n i h of ru ush i Wa su s en —t o n i o n h t o in k t aru k a a Wa n a es i awa n i s e ishit m a . S n m h e o or o o de o o w g ,

O Th e Not es . I I/zan E ﬁé r , $Bﬁ kata kan a s m h a s s y bol per p come from a . g ‘ ag Neko cat ; t h e left part of this ch aract er is a corruption of jt

— - an d is c alled kemon o hen s ome of th e ch aracters which h ave kemono ken are

n n ith an im a s Kari h un tin Kitsun e f ox co cer ed W l , e . g g, , ] m XE; mi Oka wolf . ’ A A ADLNG r on BE JINNE BS 1 00 J P NE SE RE

BE ( NE SE RE ADING FOR. 102 JAPA . E O VOLUME III MOR HINIS E CHARACTE RS. 103

' m o o kuu k ar a k au n o n i t a as ui . hik a s n se icho a kiwamet e b a ai m y S o o g y .

- Ton n ik u Wa a u a ui t n it e obun n o oi k t wa un ik u n i t a n u . b r o de , y o o gy o or

ai h i wa muk as hi k a a ama i oku wa ka a-n ahatta a R u u wa N c de r r w g , y ky de

Rin ok u n o hin a- in wa m ott o 0 uu t ahus an k at t e ot ta . g S j om ok u t on n ik u W k

k ok umin de aru .

- ts u i a a i wa k e a hit su o ar u. Na ak u n i u t o k a i t ott e Hi j y y g g y de g ob r , r

- e o n o n o zair o n i s u u. Hits u i n o n ik u m o m ata sh oku o t o n a i k rimo y r j y r ,

n in r h n o yagi n o chichi Wa gyﬁn yﬁ o yo n i yo n i n aru . Kot o n i s on o chic i

s i un wa hit n o hi hi n i n it ir u k a a k m n i t ekisur u e b o c c e r , odo o .

ac i u t o ieba cho-rui ma m o i t i Ch - ui u hi irok k h k u. o r n o H u , de re e c

k a hik a t o s hit mott omo oku n ok a n i kaWar er u n o wa n iwat ori de c e de ,

i an k e in ik u n o obun n o oi k t Wa shi a-n u t a ai n k e r ya y o o r hi o w n . So o h ka ahiru a shichime n cho n a mo ia n i k aWarer u t a o y do ori de ru.

UESUGI KENSHIN.

Kawan ak apma n o t at ak ai de n adak ai U esugi Ken shin Wa t suyoi

taish o att a . n ait Wa ak a Shin en k mo de So o e T ed g de , ore

0 t s KYU Yok u KYU K u o No e . 3 g y ) ; fi (fi fljj y j ) ; Iik

zik (fﬂgfik C/ yu). e E MIN Mi n Jim in Z Heimin nka , m ; a (E FE ] A ‘& , PE ) H&

' f Minshoku E i z m n . ( , mg 7k B‘Q ) 9 8 Km l K ada : fi , Kat a ; i : Kr o K ak a 3 3 (jgl j y (g it y ) Ll (fihfig y y ) ;

” Gun E ) ko). 1 04 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNERS

N E E N E G NNE RS 1 06 JAPA E S R ADI G FOR B I I SE T S I . E E E VOLUME I MOR CHIN CHARAC R . 1 07

- Wa hin on W0 k omaras e o t o omotte s hi W 0 ok uras e n ai k t n i shita . S g y , o o o

Ken s h in wa s W 0 kiit e ore ,

“ a - a wa t a ai n i ikusa wo sh it iru k er edom o t ki n o k un i n o W re w re g e , e

” wa n i n ai W0 urus h im e ru n o wa k awais o da. h it o n i n an o uram mo . Sore k

hin e n a it t e ibun n o k un i ka a shi Wo ok uras et a . k a a S To , j r o Sore r g g

“ - s hin a t o kiit a t ki Ke n s hin wa A oshii k t wo shit a . Yoi ikus a ait d o , , , o o e

k un atta it t e n a it . ga n a . To ge a

RYORI.

Hit W 0 s hodai su u t ki Wa iu ma o ak u ai-n ic san - n o r o de m n , m hi do o

Sh Ok U JI n 1 m o s on o z airyo oyobi ryori-h o n i chﬁ i suru k ot o ga t ais e t su de

- ar u. On a i zair o mo o i n o ambai n i ott e Wa m at tak u b et su m n j y de , ry r y , o o n o ot ok u a iwaware o i n o h oho n i ott e wa s n k e izai n o ue n i mo g j , ry r y , o o

i n a u t o us hitsu a o r k g aru .

a S S t o s n ot ith Y a ge HIT U lo e ; do con foun d w 96 a rrow . NESE E N FOR E G NNE RS 1 08 JAPA R ADI G B I

1 10 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS E . E NESE T RS VOLUM III MOR CHI CHARAC E . ] 1 1

m ai-n i i on a i k on da t e W o k urikaosa- n u o n i h i s u u a o Tat oeb ch j y c u r g y i. a dobuts u- sh its u n o i o- hin ui wa s h ok ubutsu - shit su n o sh ok umot su wo s oe j y , mata sh i u- k e n o n ai m n n o t s u i n i Wa s hi u- m n w o ashi amai m n r o o g r o o d , o o n o at o ui wa s hi -ka ai m n wo ai o s u u ui aru n t a k i i o r o o b g r r de . So o r k ata n arab e - k at a iro n o h ai o n i it aru ma min a s -z n o k uto a , , g de, ore ore g n o o a u y y de r .

Ts un e n i sh ok umot s u wo ryori s uru daidok or o wa t ok u n i s e ik e t su wo i ot su n o hi su a aru . Daidok oro wa sh u u n o sh ok um ots u W 0 o k tam t yo g j , n i-taki a ai n a as hi wo s u u t k aru ka a n a ash i- m t t odan a wo , r g r o oro de r , g o o, ha ime o i- o u sh okki ukin n a n i itaru ma t s un n i s e ik e t s u ui j , ry r d g , , f do de , e shit o a-n k re a - u Z as hiki a t oi n w o kirei n i sh it o k u h it a e k a e b n ara n . y e e o g ,

- - u daidok oro wo f u ket su ni s hit e k aer imi n ai n o wa ok ashii h an ash i do ar .

CHOSEN NO FUZ OKU.

Ch os n n o ch i n i orik u s it ai- h i n i me n i t suk u n o wa i e n o hikuk ut e e j h e d ic ,

f n ot e o 1 09 . Con tin uation o n p . ’ u Um a Is isn t i tan K ho h ot i . t m at s ans . d ce cold , , e e per re ; 4111} , , $d b ) ‘

th e u st i n th e x is t n a thin - i b e i . e . Z en a m ad i . . ( q e o of) e e ce of g ; good , ,

m a it ua it . or l y, q l y

- No ONa aski moto th e s in k . t es . g

L 1 E N E n r o E m o E ten E N i y , p , 7 ; ] f L5 ﬁ ﬁ k 13 3 . ) 5 ( é EI

Koen E n tei . , E T )

9 " ‘ KA Kaketsu 3 E oka K , y ; A Kawar a m (migi 34 p : , m ) (my/é

aik k mT a). 1 1 2 JAPANESE RE ADING FOR RE GIN NE RS

JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR B EG INNE RS E NE SE E RS . VOL UME HI. MOR CHI CHARACT 1 15

a w i ik a a- wo kit s i f u m s hi i n o wo mochi ir u . On n a m i uw i o n o ro j g e, e y j

m oc h 0 ts u t k n o k am u iiru yo n a yuruyaka n a h ak ama W k eru . O o o m ri wo

k a u i s n him w o n a ak u t arask i k o -uma ui n tt in ak a- mi hi wo to u b r , o o o g , o e , c r

n o wo mi u t o muk ashi n o hit mi at ta o n a ki a su u . a a k an rei wo r , o y g r M d

° o k on awa-n ai m n wa h n a t o it t e k ami wo mits u~ uchi n i s hit us hi o o c o z , e ro e

s C n a wa it n i an adora er u a a n a ube t nra hit e i ru . h a n o i a h r k r k u o g d o r ,

h av ak u wo on Kan a n ak ut e k an r ei n o ok on ae -n ai m n wa kan r e i ok au . e g , o o

- - - san fl wo s u it e m o h n a o t on a n o n ak ama iri a ki n ai . Kin n e n j g c o g de , g de

- wa zam at s u n o to a ok on awar e t e k an rei wa dan dan sut are t e ik u . hin in p g , S

wo k omu a n o n i k odak ai t k min ami n i men shit e ir u h i-at a i n o r , o oro de , r

oi chi wo a Ki i o h ak a s t at e y er bu. j n n a ui w n aichi n o yo ui i hi wo ru

k e redomo f ut sfi n o h aka w t ait ei t s - a ak a uchi wo mori gera b ari de ar u.

shi s on r ak u n o s hoi n o am a a oka n i wa an a n o ui a uk u To , y y m i yo m r

m i- a ta t s u hi- ama a ka u s hi -zu n aran u or ge c y g z ro de ir .

Ch osen i in wa t a ak wo k n a is t j b o o om . E ern wa mibun n o akai hito

- h n a ai n o wo mochiir u . a ai n wa s sha u o o a odo g N g o hi k m ru .

o OKan r ei N t es . ceremon y of in itiation t o man h ood ; imposition

’ a ul t s h at d .

Q Chon d C g orean n ame for t hos e wh o h ave n ot ye t been in itiat ed m an h ood

©s ls u- ucbi ait ma th st an s i pl de of ree r d of ha r. Q it imai S . fﬁ SHI (c y) ; am SHI (midi h ) 1 16 JAPANE S E RE ADING FO R BE G INN EB S

NE S JAPANFSE RE ADING FOR BE GIN R . RE E SE R TE S VOLUME 111 MO CHIN CHA AC R . 1 1 9

- a n o ue kara kita n o h o wo yubi z shit e k oe tak aku yon da .

“ ” B u o u o u o. r , b r , b r

a n n t at e it a s e n cho wo 1121 1111 8 s an - u - o - n in n o aka- m n wa Kamp i t 1 , J g w o o

ok muk e t aru a an at a i s i mi u h itos hiku m e wo s on o h o n i a. H k n o u hiro z

k e mur i ga mieru .

ochi t suita hik a a n o k o mot t a o i n i un wa ha a hoko S en cho n o c r g re , f e y

- - wo t e n ite k it a muk att e h ashiru . Shi o s ki n o ot wa b s n wo j , e g e b o o e

k K - n k - h an arete ar s aki n i t o k i i u. i u et a is s ki wa ki wo , w e o de og e yu f um tt e mir u u hi ui it - to n o k a i a ui hika- i k osh m e - ak et e h are t su , c j r c yor , y o g

uts u K a a n o o n a shi a- n ami a t ak aku ya wo shik ak eta mori wo . oy m y r g

- - mo k udak ete ﬁ dach i n o o ui u i hi u . u ira n o i hi un Wa k a , y y f r c r Kj c g ge — k atachi mo mie n ak u n at t a .

s - k k - t a Bot Har e t u ya wa k ajira n o t ain ai n i f u a u k ai kon de har e su s hit . o wa m i n i ts uk e ta a ai t s un a n i hik are t e aruiwa mi i n i aruiwa h i a i or n g , g , d r n i h iki- mawa - s eru. a sh u t o a u ar Im ui mo iz ma ka hiy hiya s ur .

N 0 211as u o z m as t ot es . t .

QB ur o blow .

9 A s s t © nata doe n ot h ere mean you but t h at place . Th e e wo mean in gs

m at t o a h th but n ow th ar e itt ith iff n t were for erly rel ed e c o er, ey wr en w d ere ‘ ’ — h a a t s . Th at lace th e i in a m an in h n w itt n in kan i is itt n c r c er p , or g l e g , w e r e j , Wr e

’ ‘ ‘ o ‘ ; u is itt n in t h e as a man . fi fi y Wr e E T, fi jj , or c e of wo fi fi

RBI v Rei u in Gor ei “ REI Reisho (é ji k f j , ) ; Zﬁ ) ;

RYo : R o i S hur o . fig Gigi y j , fi fifi y )

QB owz b oat . 1 2 0 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BEG INNE RS

N FOR RE C INNE RS 1 2 2 JAPANESE RE ADI G E E SE VOLUM E III. MOR CHIN CHARACTERS . 1 2 3

' - - ‘ - saik u m n ui ts uk aware ru . uk ashi wa o ku u a it t o wo t oraeru t o i n k o o o M J , J

s ﬁ -byaku-n in n o is -son ik - ka- get s u n o s e ik at su-hi wo s as ao ur u t o itt a mon o

de aru .

ARABIYA UMA.

ka n i n adak ai ha a i u ahi a- uma n o Arahiya Wa s e i ryo n o s n ch de ar . Ar y

hot n o kiko n i taeru k t wa it su ui odorok u ki h shi - o - n i h i c o o o j be odo de , g c

k an uch it os hi m ai -n i hi san - ﬁ -ri u ai wo kak a n o wa me zur ashi ku n ai , c j g r er .

N ma-z u k u a- zu n i shﬁ it su shfi a h ashitt e mo n ao h iz n t o shit ir u t o o , w j y e e e i u n kot o de ar .

Kok o n i Arahiya-um a n o t as sh a n a k ot o wo sh ome i suru omoshiroi h an h a k ash i Tor uk o n o aru t aish o a A ahi a- in k a a it -t o as i a ru . u g M g r y .j r

i a o s an - e - e n au ak us oku wo shit a at i o - i o uma wo n o me b w z n y de k y . S e y y

- - - uk e t u dan n i n at t t aish o wa im a suk osh i m ak n u k a t o ia . U ma n ush i or e , e

- - - wa mo i h i mon m o hik n u t o in . Dan dan ko n n o sue t aisho wa ikat te c e ro , s an -zen - en n o k an wo ch i n i n a -t suk et y e ge a.

ot . mi ht a s i t N es t n se e n t . II H g l o be wr e F] o e , vol , 9 1 7 . p . e TO Wa it h as shin n 12 ik an d th h a a t s h i h gg , y ; y/ l e o er c r c er w c

t o m t i n is t a refer o o or d n ce . Odor oku beki hodo in ordin ary colloquial beki would be s imply drop

an d s h ul s a odor ku ped , we o d y o hodo.

EDUclzi h h as itt n o m an in ere l le or e g . 9 1 D 55 o (g fi Dor yoku) ; $3} Do (fi fi Doki). JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS

ﬁ t t A ﬁ <

a s e m e n a fi r fi o K a e w a b fi d e é m < s e

JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS E . RE NES R TE RS VOLUM III MO CHI E CHA AC . 12 7

“ n a a a i o n i wa Ar e h n o m i a wa ik u a kan wo b a att m o g r , pp , odo e b r e r e

- k u hi u hi n i h ome t a . os h ik u wa n al . To c g c

- a t ish o wa n an i- k n ak u s t wo n a amet e iru t o Yok ka m e n o as a go oro o o g ,

o - s a f ut atabi uma wo h iit e kit mac n uma mu h i g e ,

Kakk a s an -z en —kin a oshiﬁ ozaimas u k a k n uma a h e s hi o , g g , o o g u g za im as u k a ?

t a To it .

Arablya n i ryoha n o ok u s an suru n o wa fﬁdo ga uma n o shiyo ui t ek i

- - r u aka i wa n ai. ﬁ se n n e n n o hisashii ai a in n o t as t shit e i b r de S d , doj e

- K a A a- i wa a o ka t ayuma n ai t an s e i n o k ekk a de ar u. or i rabiy j n um w zoka n o i h i- in t o kan ae t e k a ho wa k wo i an n o k m t o on a i o ui c g , c ore J b odo o j y

- k awai ar u . U ma m o k u kai n ushi ui n ar e t e s n k azok u ichido t o s hita g yo , o o

- s hin iru. Ar u hit o Arab a k o t u de o n iy ryo o n ikki n is s e s n i t s agi n o yo n o. k t a k ai a u o o g te r .

0 - Not e Sm Seiko Yosci Sm s . (fi g; , fi at ) ; E5 (figk

S eidai ‘Z ensei Sm S a itsu Shim , QEE ) ; gfi (a? j , fi gfi ) ; mg (e a Kw )

Q i K TS musubu t o t ie n t th e th ad ; h t h r is n o i a ﬁ E U, ; o e re owever, e e de

t i in in h of e g t i s particul ar compoun d Kekka re sult . Q —‘ Kc A l K KO B (fi Kokon) ; 1fi[ 0 (fi g Kay .) El (Elfi 1 2 8 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BEG INNE RS

JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS N RS . VOLUME III . MORE CHI ES E CHARACTE 1 3 1

Piér u s s k oe wo s or oe t e a a n a o hon n k hu . n n n yo , e o yo To yo d g , k ta mo n ai Shizuk a a a o n aka ni n a are ru mi u n o to o e . n a y m n g z ot o ga k u

ik o e u ak a i Shi a ak s u o t an i- s k o h o t aik o k r b r . b r u ur t o o n ni o n ot o ga k as uka i k s o sh i abe ar u n ki k oeru imi W0 s obadat e t e ki e ba hin an n r . . M , g de

“ t it e Fieru ga ut s u its a mo n o t aik o ui ch igai n ai . Sa e Wa ik iru n o k a ?

‘ An o is a a- u Do kashit tasu e u k ui mashii shon en W 0 k oros hit e wa n ar n . e k r u

” - wa arumai k a ? to h ishi ra wa min a ki wo m n iru . , e o de

Fuk asa W a iku-b ak u- o t o o shi -n ai t an i-s k t an i i a h s y j m re o o, e or r o o

- - mi hi mo uki a ko i mi tozas ar et e k ka m att aka s hi n ai . U hi n aras u c y y r , do o re c taik n o W d -da Ok urer eba i u a o o t o a an n n i h ik uku kas uk a n i n aru . F er w k o oe t e shin u H ishi-ra wa k i wo as a n mi n an n o kuf ﬁ m o g de e er o de , t s k a- u K t ki u n . n o o o ,

” Jibun a iko s ak e b u h it W 0 a ka t o ireba s h un Mak udon aru g . To o d re m og

Mak udon u wa a n o shire ik a t kkan Sh un t o in a a w aru . ar k n t i n o o na o de o o de , g d

- - m t a ush o aru . H ishi ra wa odor oita . ho un Wa uwa i wo n u i sut e t e o t j de e S g g g ,

” SHC) Slzé akké Daishé SHC) s I \ g , / \ ; Not e . J jt J ) (fi l j p r Size/ea ; SHE) Slzébu Késké S HE) i “fi “: ) flli (fl it , g ffi ) ; fig? (fl

e ' Shast a/ 1 : t Jo / Jéshoku é 8 116 $1 i? (fil g , gil fi y ff ‘ Shon en Genshé ; K SHG Mombaské . (y fi , my ) é ) g — TE I Teir ak u TE I E Teitaku Jitei ; , al (gBE , ) {LE “fi g E

Kata Tm Teita Taitei S iti n tei . fig ) ; fig (fi g , k fi ) FE TEI ODE )

‘ 6 ' G UN Gan kan Guntai Riku zm ? (fi flfi , i i? , [fi fi g , Zfi fi

K n Faun . Kai un U N Undo éu , i g ) ; E (E gg E a , ﬁ g Rg ) 1 o Ma 9 2 1akud nd r u cDon ald.

Adana et n am n i k n a © p e , c me. 1 3 2 JAPANE SE RE ADIN G FOR BEGINNE RS

13 4 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BEG INNE RS RE NE SE R E RS VOLUM E III . MO CHI CHA ACT . 1 3 5

ich ido n i k an ki n o k oe wo a t a A u a n o ama mo f uu aka i i ge ; r p y ur b r n .

Z OSEN NO HANASHI .

un W 0 t s uk u a n i wa ma u me mmits u n a s kk i- zu W 0 k os i F e r z e e h raer u .

Son o zu wa fun e n o s e ts udam - me n oyobi kos ei to W 0 n an -ju- bun n o ichi ni shita shuk uzu t a- n in zu n o ishi a ishu a n a ak u kak att e s i a s de, g y g g g e z uru ka a oki n a s e n k an n a ui n a u t o s kk i-zu bak a i su- h aku—mai mo r , do r , e e r de y

- - to ia . kk i zu a ki a a u t o saimit su n a ko o un a W0 k aku am Se e g de g r , z b z ko a n i ma ashi hits u o n a u un Wa it s ubuts u dai n o zu W0 t s uk ut t e b w , y b b j ,

e chak u u a u h ajim e te s eiz n i ushu s r n o de r .

' K a o - o t s W 0 kit c) t an k oba mo a a k ote t su o a n i w ir ir aru. u b Te reb , , shi h h - rui W 0 iru t k mo ar i kikan e n t ot su t o W 0 t suk uru t k c u o oro , , o oro mo ari m ta u - z ur o a mok se i n o ki u rui W 0 s i e su u mokk oba mo aru. I e m , g e z r dai-ki n i deki t e it e k ot o ot ok u oki a n ki n o hika a wo ri o bo , g j y de c r y s u Nan - zen - an t o m dai-t t ui m h t i n i un t n ur . g et s o it ori n o e de j yu e

Not es . 0 h is h a t an s siti n t h e s as n s T ere ere r po o of Word , for re o of

it a aut h asis e at a a at u l er ry be y or emp . Th n ur l gr mm ical order wo ld be

A r u u no ama mo r uu k r i l k n ki e Th e ur uu p y f u ba a m a n o ko wo ageta. verb f is t h e it a st i uia ou sa B akar i h proper of l er ry yle ; n colloq l y y f ur uer u. ere

s th e an in h a me g of hodo.

9 E 1 'ik ‘ E zz E Suiei . 7k (fli fi y fiq 1 (7K25K ) 9 5 g ? KAN Sékan Kans ku KAN Gan kan . 3m; (fi g? , fi } ) , (fi flfi ) e In DAN Dan dan Islzidan TAN , Hg ) ; (fl I g E G E G NNE S 1 3 6 JAPANE SE R ADIN FOR B I R

JAPANE SE RE ADI NG FOR BE GINNE RS E 11 E NE SE E RS. VOLUM 1 . MOR CHI CHARACT 1 3 9

o Y k suk a t o Ku n o a saidai n a m n r u a n ak a n i m o o re g o o de a . M t a s his e ts u

i K asak o o osen o a t o O T i k W its ubis h a i t n z mo t mo kii . e k o u un de a M , w j g g

k a a t k an n o at s u a Wa Y k s u Ak i w Ku t s uk ut a n o do aru . S m o o , re de

on k an n o shuz en s n t i n o n u i -kae t o W0 s u u t k W0 s e n k o to S , e e r r o oro y

k t o ma a i sam-bo wa ishi t atama k a k n k u iit iu . Sen k o n o s o r o y o o w r de , de

s u un W0 s n n ak a ui i t i - o n o t i a k at amer u k a h it e ar . F e o o re e p p ob r W0

w e o a wa a. t i s n mi u o m u k aidas hit ko i mi kaka u n ru . oj , o o z po p de , j r de g k un i i hiban i n o wa as ai s o o s en k o n a asa de c ok i S ebo K g un Ko h n y de , g

’ b ak u- san - u-shi-k e n k ko n o h a a ﬁ —ku-k en in k as a h a hi-k en ar u y j , yo b j yo , c yo

FUYU=GESHIKL

Ki n i kuren ai n i h ayas hi W0 kazatt e ita ki n o h amo okat a Wa chiri h at et e mi-Wataseba shi-h é n o am a- ama n o itadaki ' Wa h av a mas sh iro n i , , y y

- n att iru . Yama s i u e oro hi n o kaze Wa mi n i shim t e sam i.

0 Note s. KA Ka en f Z éka G A S hu l (mm g , gjm ) ; g (Iﬂﬁ

K : on kur iito con cr e t e .

P om uz u p p mp. 0 Th is piece an d t h e followin g on e are What We m ay call poetical pros e t h ath i fi u t erefore, r er d f c l . I © n order t o un ders t an d a lon g an d complicat ed s en t en ce it is oft en a is a t o i i it in t two m sh t s n t n s h an in t ain dv ble d v de o or ore or er e e ce , by c g g cer in n it rms in t n it e io s defi e fo o fi e in fl x n . If t h es e s en ten ces are s till t oo dif

ﬁ cul t is a t h e ua i in aus s so as t o e t at t h e sk t n t he , d c rd q l fy g cl e , g ele o of s n t n t h n add th e is a aus s itt i r st s n t n e e ce ; e d c rded cl e l le by l ttle . Th e ﬁ e e ce

t h is i Ki n i n atte ir u ma i i in t t wo ut tin chir i of p ece , , y be d v ded o by p g li ateia chir - e for i li ai et . Th e ﬁrst re sultin g s en te n ce may be con ceived as h avin g been built up in th e followin g way : Ki n o Zia mo okata wa ckir i-kateta t h e

a s th e t s h a m s t th m n sc at t zatte ita le ve of ree ve o of e bee ered . Hag/as hi wo ka ki n o ha m o okala wa chir i—Lateta t h e a s th e t s h i h at t h e le ve of ree , w c decor ed

s h a m s t t h m n s at t K i e i hi wo kazat . i n n i n a as grove , ve o of e bee c ered kur a h y te ita ki no ha mo okata wa chir i-liaieta th e a s t h e t s h i h a le ve of ree , w c decor t e d t h e r s ith an d r e d t in s ha m s t t h m n s att e . g ove W yellow ge , ve o of e bee c er d 1 40 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR B E GINNE RS

1 42 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE GI NN E RS E NES E E RS . VOLUME l H . MOR CHI CHARACT 1 43

- Ni- sam- ba n o ahir u a kish i n o shim - bashi a W0 umi hit otsu mo mic n ai . g o r f

W 0 shik iri n i W0 as at t e ir u. In u W0 ts ure t a t k a u kudaki n agara, e o o o g j k a shi t m i n o k a k a a t kit aze - mi hi zutai n i a hi a n o ok a ta n i e , or ge r de e e , c c r

uk att a e m .

a s u Nan i W0 utta n o a e ? I ho n o ki n o ka as u Wa Z udon t o ipp t . d r c r

Han n o ki n o suzume wa i hi- n i att is oide yam a n o he e n iget e iku. c do p o

- ta t obi tat .

AME TO KAZ E.

G o- f ﬁ il -u t o itt o it suk a- t n o k a t ok a- t n o ame wa t aih i bU l j , go o ze , go o e ]

- n o n o a is ama ar u. at k n o ame kaz mo sh iki n o iko n i t sure t e yo r de S e o e j , s - i n ore zore ui ch ga .

Ham n o ame wa shime aka n i f utt e n ki n o t amami u n o ot o m o shizuka y , o z

i ki o H a u n o h a ime n i u u o wa hit - am e t an a w os u n k eru . r j f r n o go o pi h o moy k a

” i - a a a ira u e n -u n o u i iu k s i w t o ur s K k u h n w h k h . e k a e h i. o h a h i shizuka n a c To ,

k ash i n a a n ak a n i uts uk ushii n agame de am . Shi ko o m e Wa yag t e h an a Wo c hirasu ame t o n a u n o s n t ki Wa uram es hii k ok ochi a s u u Ame n o are a r de, o o o g r . h t

O i ‘ KE au n G . N x . um . AN Kai a Not es . H ( ) ii; (ﬁ ﬁ g n>

Q his s n t is i ti T e en ce ell p cal ; s upply kikoeta .

G3 Go- d iZ - u s as n a ath in e e a s a d f j e o ble We er , W d v ry ﬁve d y n rain every 144 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS

JAPANESE RE ADI NG FOR BE GINNE RS U E E RS VOL M IIL M OR E CH INE SE CHARACT . 147

- ch i ime r u k t o aru u u n o am e n o hi wa mi ik ai o moWa zu k ubi W0 j o o m . F y j

a n a a a b a ak a kur aku n a u. Yo a f uk e t e ame n o o t o a shizuk a h i g os r y r g , g

a ta ka a an a k t t o om ott e iru t o ok uch o kit mir eb a its u n o n i n t r , y d o o , y o e ,

i uki kawat t a k a s k a ich imen in - kai n i n att iru k t mo m a n y n i , o or g s e e o o

aru.

T S K B TS K BORUISU O HO U U U NO ANKEI .

Cho ya hachi wa h an a k ara h an a e is ogashi- so mi t obi- mawatt e h an a

u uu n t ki h an a n o n ak a n o k af un Wa k - a n s n o sh ir wo s . So o o ore r o m u h i

n i t s uite hit ot su n o han a ka a t a n o h an a n i den t at su sa a . Sh okubuts u , r rer n o h an a ui W a osh a n o t a n o h an a n o k af un W0 n k n t o oi mi W0 d er , y m us ubu mon o g a aru .

ata bi a t su umi Wa ut suk ushiku l kus hit e iru k a t su W 0 ts uiba M yo y g J p mu.

a t am n i on oz ut o sh ushi W0 a hi a- k och ira sam u s u u i Sore g e c r e p r . Tor bak ari de Wa n ai : hit o ya jﬁrui mo kajit s u W0 t abet e wa s on o sh ushi wo h o maki- hirasu o a u bo e c n de r .

“ ‘ Not s . KAI Kai uku K I e A K . El (E a f ) ; ﬁg! (L g aizen)

FUN ﬂ u ; i i i C m a t h e l in powder, o r r ce jk d v ded o p re fo low g

FUN min ut BUN B an o FUN K 5} ( e), (fi fi gg ) ; jg} af nn fi t a B ON ( r y) .

Ry é R oslzin Gill RC’ l Tar o . ( a l) y , ﬁg§ EB (ji ﬁlg )

Zlf ueubu h m an s t o ere e bear .

Hi o : hi © y yodor i . E NG E NNE RS 1 48 JAPA NE SE R ADI FOR B GI

JAPA NE SE RE ADING FOR BE GI NNE RS RE C E SE H R E S. VOLUME III . MO H IN C A ACT R 1 51

K wa s uichu n i t k t iru s an s a sui t o kin o wa shin shiman . g , gy de ore o e e o

u shi s n n ak a n i aoi mi u -kusa w o i t k a, t suk usare r u k ara de ar . Mo o o z re e o eb

K wa mizu wo t orikae - n ak ute m o kin gyo wa wariai n i n agak u ikit e iru . ore

i -k us a n o ai a l na e ui it ta yo n a k ank ei ga bin n o n aka n o kin gyo t o m z u d ui o k on aware ru k ara de aru .

k ubut u n o ka i t su n e h a t o wo kutt t ai Kon o h ok a dobut su Wa sh o s j , , e w o as hin ai sh ok ubut su wa dobut sushit s u n o f uh aibut su W0 hi o t o shit y , ry e s eicho su u t o s is n - o dobuts u t o sh okubut su n o k an k i wa. kiwam et e r , e o j e

s miss et u n a mon o de aru.

TSUJl ONGAKU.

Kas hi a n i wa shim wo it adaki mi n i wa tsuzure wo mat i as r o , o , y e ot or oe ta k a a a wo iso u n i s asa e t e mi hi- ata n i baiorin wo h iit e iru r d g k , c b ro in n o t SU I on ak us a a u k wa Osut ori a n o shu u Uiin n o j J g hi g r . To oro y f dai- k o n k a o w n i i ak a n a s ai it s u aru. e , y g y j de

Chu it su n a in u wa u u- osh i wo k uwae t e a a n a sh u i n n o t am n i mi hi j f r b , w re j e c

N G Se v eral m t a h s t o m i at th e m an in thi s ot es . e p ors erve co pl c e e g of ’ i . H th e man s hit ai s are m a t o st . p ece ere , old w e h r co p red fro

’ Q i n n am s h n itt n in kan i are n a h n ti Fore g proper e , w e wr e g ge er lly p o e c

s i i n s t h a ut an n t o t h i t an t i . . e h a t s ar e us ith r cr p o , e c r c er ed w o y refere ce e r

3 in o D as i n a t h e ha a t s me an . . E A N Can a a , A , d ; occ o lly c r c er o e g 71” 235 575 A are us i i a as - As a s th e h n ti in Ox . ed deolog c lly , ford reg rd p o e c res emblan ce it mus t be looked for rath er -in real Ch in es e than in th e quas i

Ch in s i n un iat i us a II . 93 . n n in Ja n . . e e pro c o ed p See vol , p Fore g proper n am s are te n itt i k t - e of wr en n o o kama . 9 his h a a t us h m its s un is t n us mT c r c er, ed ere erely for o d , very of e ed

' a t a s um m n an d is th n a n ar z t his n ar i n n ot t an s f er of o ey , e re d , eed be r

‘ ’ - - - at ; . . Kin n i zz icki en n am 3 ? 2 1 . l ed e g é ﬁtﬁ é l m j y , 9 — 5g CHIJ loyalty ; n at urally referred t o th e h eart 43 " Compare t h e ‘ ‘ in K CE O Fj C/nzritsu Tochd f CHU follow g P ( i i , 5q ) ; i ; (fg%

x Cat: 1 . a ai ﬁ (1457 Oh k ). 1 52 J APANE SE RE ADING FOR B EG INNE RS

1 54 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE G I NNE RS E RE NES E R VOLUM III MO CHI CHA ACTE RS . 1 55

Ch shﬁ wa s hi -h o k a a at sum at t e kit mi u u hi i it - ama wo o r e , r c u h o y

k u s hiz u da s hirabe n i k u ai ku ai umi n o s k i k om are ru k izuit a . Om n h ki o , r , r o o e

o n a ki a s u u k a t o m u t o ka uk u uk it at t a hoshi n i n o k oe am a y g r o o , r c , , y k o e f uwari - f uwari t o h a u- as umi n o kan ata t suret e ik areru o n a k k , r g e y o oro

i a u n k a m moch n i n r . He kiwamari n ai myoo n wa t achi ach i h it o n o k okoro wo h akka man k ai n o n odoka n a h a u n i owase m ata tachimachi hi- ba y r y , oc

- h u aki o sabis is n - ch iri s ik n h a i shiz umas eru . Hito bit o wa t ada s hin kyok u n i k ok oro wo ubawaret e myoon n o h oka n i wa n an i-mon o mo mie mo kikoe

- m o shi n ai .

Ya a at t s hin s h i wa shibaraku hiku t e wo ame r u t o ch oshfi wa n i y e y , ze wo t suk an de arasott e ro in n o sasa et a b s - u Doka j g o hi n o n aka e n age irer . t o iwa- zu kin - in ka t o iwa-zu ame n o u u o n i t e-at a i shi ai n i n a , g , f r y r d ge k mu Mat at a u . k ma n i osh i n i i k o b ippai n i n at ta . B oj n wa k ore wo fu uro u i ut s f ushit e ut atabi oshi wo sash idasu . i u m a mi m at a af ure u bak a i b M r r r .

h in shi wa s a a ni Os ut ori a n o k kk a wo iki-ha - S r y o h jime ta . Iku s en n o choshﬁ

0 Th e t u Not es. effec of th e music on th e h earers is des cribed in q it e a hi h - HOWn s t s g yle . Th e s orrowful part s are suppos ed t o mak e th em feel a if th ey were bein g drawn through th e dark depth s of th e sea ; an d t h e i h t s m i s t o a th m on a s in s an d m un tain . l g er elod e , c rry e pr g haze over ﬁeld o

h n a ain th e auti ul s un s are m a t o t e b n um ss T e g , be f o d co p red h loom of berle

ﬂ s an d t o n ss autu n it s a ower t h e lo elin e of m with f llen leave s .

QKokor o wo ubawar er u t o be s o abs orbed in att en tion t o on e t hin g as t o be i i us obl v o of th e rest .

®Te atar i shi at a h dai ml wh ever c me t o an d .

- I i u 7H§ ppa f ll .

1 58 JAPANE SE RE ADI NG FOR BE G INNE RS

NE WSPAPE RS .

e s m tim s w itt n in t h e it a s t an d s News papers ar o e e r e l er ry yle , ometimes

th e a s E n in this att as th e in n i ﬁ n d h in form l tyle . ve l er c e beg er w ll t em !

ai ul ia iti s th h e i f ar from eas y as they h ave cert n pec r e of eir own . T prin c pal

th in s t o be s ar e th at m m ti s c n m s a an d g ob erved , fro o ve of e o o y of p ce t im th ar e n ab iati n s an d th us e un ctua e , ey very fo d of brev o , ey very few p ti m a ks t a on r . In h e ex tracts given h ere we h ave added a few m rks as an as sist an ce t o th e s tuden t : we h ave als o ch an ged man y n ames of pers on s an d a s pl ce .

Th e followin g abbreviation s occur in th es e ex amples

' De a n dem o $ densln n . as , for g ar. p or 5 1?

zo - Sl for g g g keisatsu slaa.

i ”- P55 Slzo for iij? shobai .

Tet f or tei o ﬁ ﬁ g] k ku.

Dai d i- j < for ye s a gaku.

I ' Yaku k - for 152 A ya u mn .

m Ga ku for $52 gakko.

‘ 673 - GE 3 for Qﬁﬁ setto. K $36; yo for as kyokai .

Th e followin g ch aract ers h ave other more or less import an t mean in gs

’ besides th os e given in our BE GINNE BS DICTIONARY or CHINE SE - JAPANE SE

e s tud n t u t o n t th m a u . CHARACTE RS. Th e wo ld do well o e e c ref lly E ES A T S II . E V OL UE M I MOR CHIN CHAR C E R . 1 59

an d HATSU min in m m . 515 RAI a co g or proceed g fro , fro

am th e as t . h 8am ichi itsu m an s the rs t this f S l T erefore , j e , ﬁ of

' mon th ; sar u sanj a- icki-n icbi th e 3 l st of las t mon th 8am s -ai-n ichi

ul m an th e 1 2 th th is m n th if we are S akin a t th e wo d e , of o , pe g f er

1 2 th th e 1 2 th as t m n th if we are s akin on , or, of l o , pe g or before

th e 1 2 th .

‘ KA in n in t o : s ia in th e x ss i n s E uka F or belo g g e pec lly e pre o [JFF f ,

? kenka taka . EFF , an

Kata in o n in t o th e h us a s a u h in icati n 75 r belo g g o e of ; l o, ro g d o of

- - t im a ut n a as in oake ata at da b ak . e , bo , e r, 352 93 7; y g y re

KUN an h on oriﬁ c us ik S an but ss it . g ed l e , le pol e ; Mr

‘ 2 SAI years of age .

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: Uttaeru t o t t o in Th e in at i n m ut e- e m . mb ta d Eff repor , for co o Efﬁ ﬂj zg r u

is a s us in this s l o ed ame me an in g . 16 0 JAPANESE RE ADING FOR BE G INNERS

” h 5 5! £1952

“ {12 9 C 0) /V 3 35 =~ V ‘ F 95: F 72; ! I: E5 0) E Zr: 7 EH 5? IR E' v Q X ‘ [E] b V HT 71 i 0) V at k z {E l s i ma U

ICHI-YA DAIJIN.

a a d a ii erut arudo n o ak a- ma hi ni sumu (Rom r i en ) . Tasuk n S in c wa saki- Furoren s u Beikok u R o i n o ~ t sﬁ k ok u wo uk e shin s ki n o , goro y j , e

- - - - yuigon de s en shichi byak u man yen n o isan wo uk e t suida.

0 t i . is a ba h as us d as an a k nii . s mu r Tasu a . u Not es . ver l p e e djec ve ; it qu alifie s untenshu ; a ch auffeur livin g in t h e coun tr y t own of Certaldo in Tus can y ‘ 9 e- h s two h a a t s th ut th e in t n in an fi b fig Uk tsugzt . T e e c r c er (wi o erve g K a) ‘ a s m th e Chin s c m un zokei hich h as th e sam m an in viz . l o for e e o po d Sl w e e g, t s u as o cceed h eir .

1 62 JAPA NE SE RE ADING FOR BE GI NN E RS

01 W A M E ° ‘ ° ut arr W 7z e a? + fif 0 7) 75: 1 9 a m m a r 5 a s 6 oz: 03 8 5? ‘ s ni r av rai n) ni m o ’ fi a s e a a a ' O ? fi W X A % L ’ ) f 0 6 3 1 6 71 75 R A jt i o f k i t/ se e s? n fi flf ° ‘ g 7z a ? L tfl fi cc tfi fi a o> + a: { as s as ? { k fi A fit I‘EJ L m A J'l

- - - SAN JIS SEN NO DOROBU DE U SAWAGI .

Ju ku—n i h i n o n ui- i uk a a a k u in ami- ch o n o t k - a c goze j goro F g w M _ o o y Asan o k at a n i s an -n in - umi n o ot o a sh i-itta t o in uttae n i O ibashi , g g g o , go sh in a sh ut cho sh it kin n o m n t o t ewak e sh it ok wo t i k ak omi . o g e , jo o o e , d e or dan -dan sh irab t a a i Y u- k u shirab eru t o hit or i e g ikko s on n a yosu ga n a . ok yo n o zok u a ok i i n - - s h t n i - das hita n o wo r ki s an is e n wo s ss h u s i , g d e e , j e e ge ‘ kin o n u n m a mit s uk e t e sat wa k n sa a i t o wak at ta . f o o g , e o o w g

” N his a a a h ma b e i in t 6 s n t n s h i h n ish ot es. T p r gr p y div ded o e e ce w c fi at t h e win s : shutcho shite tor i -kakomi shir abeta nai mits ukete follo g word , , , , , w - - - ain t in akatta . In t h e st s n ten k ic i slzi itta is t h e m u n lz . o fir e ce, s . . . co pl t ai this is s umma i in th e s n t attae n i ou mus t de l ; r zed word to i . Af er y “ s u i e to in ite t uk e a h u i s e t n . a t ts u s i . W h t s n k pply , 43 , or ve el o n ttae n é tsuki 0 ibaski shoin a shutcho shita on a un t th is an d th is ( ) _ g g ( cco of) om ain t th e ibash t n s t i t c pl Og i police official wen out t o i ve ga e . 9 Th e framework of th e fifth s en t en ce is : Yaka yoku ski r aber a to (kor e) ! we ukin n o mon o a mit t H la s tan s th e s kitori n o suke a . m e f g ere , d for word zoku a n i e-d /zita n h s h t as is t h ar e g n . g as o whic de cribe w a w d covered ; ere

t h in t s : nitor i n o zoku a doke 6 737 75 kin san is 8677. we 8 8887116 shite n i e ree po g , j , g dashit t h h ua i s a. Th es e hree poin t s are on e complex verbal adjective w ic q l ﬁe t he win n o : o i s ui a n t t o koto follo g n h ere eq v le . ME III. E ES E R T RS VOLU MOR CHIN CHA AC E . 1 63

(at m e n s e s s o L 0> 3 7bi ﬁ v ~ tﬂ 5 55 A g e s at t ai n

é Er in /L él lfi —t i n n se e u - L fls u n a n §a n ' J , ri ns e t o 1 72 < 1 n e fi ” ‘ f a w n fifi fifj s e e w e n ee-3 1g] o ‘ fi ' C H u: 72 11 s: w h en fi f fie fi fl fie e n it

“ f sn iff ? m a s si v e /r e m ?

' a n t e n n a b lfi o a < zg

- BOJT) KE M BUN.

k us a- as hi ka a den s h a n i att e -k sat n i-k n a in ak a n o ba-s an Asa b r y o o or o d ,

' sh c) kun a ki u wo ki i n i m ae t at su t o f utok oro n o don zok o ma s ha g pp r e , de ts ukk on de ba- san wa sh ibarak u m i- mo n o sue a at e t o1 i- dashit a te wo , oj p , y g n o h it -t sut s umi s wo t e it dash it a n o wa k ami z ut s umi s w o momen o , ore e , ore m at a t o it e m at a t oki s uru ; yagat e ira- ir a s hit e iru sh as ho s an n o m e n o m ae n i sas hi das are t a n o 1va ju- n en m o m ae n o dc n sh a-k e n ichi-mai s h ik am o w a has h s an aki t e s hibarak u damat t e ita a waribiki n o k at a are de ru . S o r e g a m w sh ik ata ga n o t o h s a i o ire t a .

0 - i s s n a h n th e a . o ohem bun . n n d a o Not es . R j Th g ee e rd ro d 6 This paragraph may be divided in t o 8 s en t en ce s which fin ish at t h e in s : tsukkonde hito- tsuts umi kami-zutsn mi sum de ar u akir ete follow g word , , , , , , T s - tte ita. ir eta . h e am k th e s t s n t n i : {naka n o bd sa dama , fr ewor of fir e e ce n o e te m Th e s Asahus a hi i don z lco m ad o tsuhkon da . a h s n r ; o n o . or f ido/l o word . ’ s i t i n th e a Th e s shasho z ts t t e a . . a n o kond o. ar de cr p o of old l dy word . . ell us wh at th e con ductor was doin g while th e old 11 om an was fumblin g in th e s m dept hs of h er bo o . 9 l n t h e s econ d s e n t en ce th ere is a t ran sposit io n of t h e words : con sider s san n o s ib v hn m o i o e ate th em in t hi order . bd h a a m oji j n su yag momen n o r i hito tsutsumi (wo) to i das h ta . ° In t h e t hird s e n t e n ce s upply de am t hus : sor e 2 00 2507566 dashita n o wa mi- zutsumi de ar u sh e un t i it an d h at s h e t k o ut was a a ka ( ) , ed w oo p per bun dle . 6 Th e fif t h s en t e n ce m ay be red uced to th e followin g : yagate Shasho san i s hi-d e o o — - h e n o me n o mae n as asar ta m n 10a f ur ai densha ken ichi m oi de ar u. T words ir a-ir a shite i r u ar e des criptive o f t h e con d uct ors feelin gs ; a n d t h e ' 1 1 ords JzZ - n en m o mae n o an d shikamo war ibihi n o katawa r e ar e a des cript ion of i h s k t a m th e t cket : in t e ele o n t hes e h ve bee n replaced by t h e s in gle word f or . 0 In th e las t se n ten ce we may supply t h e words ii n agar a or itle b e t a ween to n d hasami . NE SE RE N FOR E INNE S 1 64: J APA ADI G B G R

" " A MC I! Hill A 41 {g

2 1 k 2 ﬁ E b n fF A is Hi 2 1 la; 70; ) v 0 72 l/ h i: ) H 5

O 72 b if? J: lﬁi “ “ t C o In C c: mg; WI

f E !o 25: a)

Q 75) W 6

- S - S 1 NI E I HA G 1 an tism SHITE BATSU .

’ Koishik awa- ku Tosaki- ch o n o Tamura t o in otok o wa h on - ge t su jojun kara ik -k ai g o-yen de kin jo n o mon o n i sarubarusan n o chii sh a wo shit e it a a s n uchi n o hit ori a s an -k ai-m e ka a me n i k sh o wo ok oshita n o g , o o g r o de s - i ha t o wakatt e k e sat su k utt aerar e n i s i amm n s a t a. , e , e o re

0 N his a a a h m a i i i n t 4 s n t n s hich n ish ot es. T p r gr p y be d v ded o e e ce w ﬁ i m at th e in s : shite ta n ttaer are wakatte sar eta . Th e a k follow g word , , , fr ewor t to u usan of th e ﬁ rst s en en ce is Tamar a, i n otoko wa kinjo n o mono n i sar bar ‘ - - s i u . n o chnsha wo shite ita. Koi h hawa hn Tosaki cho no are det ails about Tam r a ' - - - t e m an . Hon getsn Jéjnn kar a is h time . Ih kai go yen de is th e price de ded g l n th e third s en ten ce supply as follows : (sore de) nise- isha (do) to wakatta.

1 66 JAPANE SE RE ADING FOR BE G INNE RS

E iti iii lllfi r it ‘ “ K L OD M UC / fi ififi g fi f rfil n ffi o fit fiu g

3 ta s a lie n t . T fi fi fl l w f } m t fl r fi s h HIT ° + v Fl a ts 343 1 7342 ' W k fi fli ar s e Fis h -t

- SAKURA MARU cmivi s orsu.

Fuk ush ima ken Ishik awa machi Suzuki Kogyo Kabushiki Kaish a n o — Sak ura- M aru (is s en - byaku- shichi- ju-g o t on ) wa muik a VVakam at s u-ko wo h as shi Osak a ui muk au t hu t - n aik ai Kur us hima k aik o um n i n oria e , oc Se o y de g , n t ai wa t s umi-n i n o t etsuzai is s e -t on t o t m n i chimbot su s i a s e n o o h t . Son gai - i u - e su o n n n b t ai . aku u ma en or k mi in J l. wa y j y , j

i Not es . O This paragraph may be div ded in t o 5 s en t e n ces which ﬁn ish

- at th e in s : hasshi n or ia e chimbotsu shita en n ai. In th follow g word , g , , y , e s n - t e t a s a u t e F c m e . r i t t n h w n 7 i a h n . on a t ﬁrs s en t e ce ord sh . . de l bo h e ship

- S akn m Mar n . 9 l n t h e s econ d s en t en ce Osaka n t mukau is a verbal phras e which qualiﬁes tocha.

9 - - l n th e thi1 d s e n t en ce tetsuzai is sen ton is in apposition t o tsumi-ni n se e Voc ab . o ” t t n su In h e fourth s en e ce pplyole atta aft er yen . E E VOLUM III“ MOR CHINE SE CH ARACTE RS . 1 67

’‘ f I w e L UC E E I n l/ IEE A f a 0 a

o n c n a i/ r s r ee ns ; ° fl ‘ 7 53 is a n s k r fl l % h 6 W fi - A fi o s n o t: “ a s r < r s a n is ? 1 1 31 1 255 72 Hi s /k e / ; s i st rL as e r s ) a W al tz ~ 9 - " L 1: 11 f z 6 1fl f51 v n il e ti? 72 a £11 t a s t el e ss? t r a ce a s co m lit s s s i s n ls s a x.

ICHI-JI NI SAN-NIH W 0 HOBAKU.

Suz aki- sh o n o k eiji Tan aka t o in h it o wa Fuk agawa Kuroe- cho Suzaki kan n o de n s h a n o n ak a - k wo t oraet a a su u de gi n dok e i we s ure t o shita ot o o g , r ” t o s “ oba k ara f utari n o otok o g a Nan i k a n o machigai de s ho t o ka n an “ t o k a k u h i W0 dashit a n o wo mit Ha h a o ui da n a t o h a ak u mo c e ; , , d r y m it e to r i t ak umi n i s n f utari wo t sure t e sh a shit u aki-sh o , o o mo ge e , S z e ts ure - k n sh imat t a T i e a ot su Nak ai Y sh i . orish ra u an a a T m o de b r to H d , o o,

' a k ai E ichita t o iu sa -n i r S n n n o su i t o h ak ujc) s hit a.

” No his ara m i in t 6 s n t n c s hi h n ish t es . T p graph ay be div ded o e e e w c fi a t t h e in s : tor aeta mite mitetor i esha shite shimatta shita . follow g word , , , g , , T he r f amework of th e firs t s en ten ce is : Tan aha wa densha n o n aka de otoko wo - tor aeta . Suzaki ho it wa is a s i t i n Tan aka . Fuka awa s . h o . . . de cr p o of g Kur oe- ché S uzaki ic in - d hei wo sur é to shita is a on n o qualifie s densha . G o a h as hi h ua i s ok verb l p r e w c q l fie ot o. 9 Th e s econ d s e n t en ce m ay be reduced t o fi ctar i n o otoko ga kuchi wo da shita n o n o mi u ti n : soba kar a is ta. S ur n to is a kin d of co n jun ct ion al in t rod c o t h e a h t h e t wo m e n N ni h n o achi ai deshé to ho n an to pl ce w ere were . a a. m g ha is h at t h e m en s ai a is a i t u t at i n but t h e s n an to w d : p rt d rec q o o , word ho sh th at t h s ai t n s t h at ow ey d o her th i gs beside . 9 Th e th i s n t n is : Ha ha dar n i do n o to ho oka m o m itetotta. rd e e ce , , y ’ “ W e h a h a i t u t at i n n in on 1 mitetor u t o ve ere d rec q o o depe d g E , C 131

i . h is ma s m s t an b ut i n t h e Ja an s min t h e u tat i n perce ve T y ee r ge , p e e d q o o repre s en t s th e word s t he man s aid t o h ims elf wh en h e perceived th at th e t wo t h s a s t h e i k k t o er were p l of p c poc e . O l n t h e as t s n t n t h u t h e m an in is a t h e n s t u ti n is l e e ce o gh e g cle r, co r c o m s o ewh at s t ran ge even from a Ja pan es e poin t of view : We might perh aps a it - i u n a s . to i n san n n Th e m i s t u . c ll jo r le e ore log c al con ruct ion wo ld be . ' a sur i do to h k y a zgo shita . 1 68 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS

/ as M i n na (12 6 03 25 2 1 1413 a ﬂ a t un n t e a r a o ni + 9 " 23: o n a n f s s s a 7i ? a t e t e s e e b u fi

’’ f f: a n s; zx rr ni l : o L n n n A ~ ﬁf tﬁ sr ni r izz w]

‘ “ l fi n fi i b a n fi ri l, 77 1 72 1-1 72 h e n s -c L o v r fifi 0 Hi t te r m m» “E tc ?“ at} s o f a kfl k fi fi m a is

MISE INENSHA SAKE DE SHINU.

' JII-ku -n ichi n o yoake ~ gat a Uen o keen deb utsu- cn mae n o kyede b en ch i ' ' n i s ein en ga z etsume i sh it e iru n o wo h aya- oki n o t siIko- n in ga b akk en shit 6 -sa a i t o n a i U n -s h o ut tae d t a n o k aka i-kan a s hutcho s hit e , w g r , e o e e de r g e , t orishiraber u t o s in n wa uk a uko ima Sumi a n i s umu Shimaki Tak e ich ir , e e f M j d o kat a n o at oi-n in Na it a ak t o in ﬁ - k u n o m n mae n o ban k a a y r T eo j o o de , r

' h a u n i ukare te t aisha wo s hit a n o a t at a i t ochﬁ shinz c) mahi wo r , g r , de k shi t aore ta m n h a e ak sh it a t ki wa shi san - ik an wo o o o o t o mm i . B k en o go j k ika shit it e e a.

0 No es D n o t n un im ada n ot e t ith M S sue e n d t . . o co fo d 5k MI , y , w ER AT U, 9 Thi s paragraph may be divided in t o 5 s en t e n ce s which fi n ish at t he in s i ha ei s i e : hakken shite n ar i shutché sh te mm h ta shit ita . follow g word , , , ( ) , In th e st s n t n e t u n in t h fir e e ce th e subject is aft er t h object . Re r g em t o ‘ — - t h eir logical places we h ave : haya aki n o tsiako n in ga sein en ga zetsumei shite ir u n o mo h ke — - - t s us t e t m ak n shita. Jiz kn nichi n o god he gata ell h i e ; dot atsu en n o ma n e o hyédé ben chi n i t ells us th e place . 9 In th e s n d s n t n v iz : 6-sawa i to n atta t h e us e to s a u s eco e e ce, g , of vo r s m h at o ew of t he lit erary style ; n i is common er i n th e colloq uial . 3 Th e fourth s en ten ce m ay be reduced t o t his : tor ishir aber u to kore de ‘ atta to hamm i i s s an in t an siti e shita . N ti st th at hamme uru i o ce fir r ve verb, t o m a t o b m kn n . Th e s er e ( Ze atta to in our beco e cle r, eco e ow word h sk t n s t t e t t h e t x t sein en wa taor eta n o h in a . ele o corre po d follow g p r of e , m on o d w be s i as ( e atta) to. This is h at became k n own ; it may con dered ' con sis tin g of four part s : (a) sein en wa Nar ita Takeo to i n JiZ - hu n o mon o ole atta ma e n o an ham ho r n n i ukar ete taisha wo shita n o o tatari ( ) , (b) b , g

w te ret . h s (c) tachi? de shined mahi o okoshi (d) o a. T e e four claus es t ogether may be con sidered as on e complex v erbal phras e wh ich ua i s mon o a t o a t Th e s nka M koim a atoi - n in ar e s . u . q l ﬁe f c r f c word f j . y s i ti N arita H i n kare u m an s to a i a a b t he de cr p ve of . am n r e be c rr ed w y y in su s in . a n b d t feel g of pr g Tat r t o h ave a a re l .

1 70 JAPANEs E RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS

E lﬁ w st il t “ 1& 4n L is a ME E T] 72 6 72 M E? 0 E as e m e n ts w i z 6 5 $ ¥1 $ Z Z lb — r r a m n o / $1 2 i s u15 1m n ' sk a ~ e s

a /L zﬁ cz: + 2 ? é e e lg iaz. B i z o

- - REIJO NEKO l BA Z U JISATSU .

' Koishikawa- ku O t owa n o Kate Kichit aro Shi r eijc) Haru-k o wa sakun e n

- - — - Ju gat su Hon jo k u Mot o machi n o Nod a Taichi chon an t eidai t et sugaku k a n i -n en - s ei R okichi ui t otsuide ita a sa u -n i- n i h i ikk a n i k a i y g , r i c yo j er , n k - ir - - a z u . e o wo n on de jisat su shit a G e n in fumei de aru .

0 - - . e a t Not es lV ko ir a zu n me of a cer ain rat pois on . 9 h is i ﬁ is h at t h e T paragraph m ay be divided in t o 4: s en t en ces wh ch in in i s : totsuide ita kaer i shita am . Th e st s n t n is n follow g word , , , ﬁr e e ce ' sk t n 0 : H - - - Th e s ele o am ho wa sal m n en Jd gatsn Ryékichi n i totsuide ita. word Koishihaw -h - a o-k a n r e d s i t i a n ho. T e r s B n n . a E r h . e cr p ve of wo d j i- - - or . . n n en s i a ia i n tei d i f e re des criptive of Ryékichi . Not e t h e abbrev t o a eihokn dai ah g n . E I R E NE SE E I I . T VOLUM MO CHI CHARAC RS. 1 71

TOKYO NO HIGAI.

Y ka h o ai n o o- k a wa n i itt e i o -i o moi wo furui k t o c r ze yo y y , o o D i 6 ame n i n at t a n o do ﬁ - i hi kaku ui wa m oh a a h it o- o i mo ma n i f u , j j c y d r re , yoi - a n u - n e zumi t o n atte kak -ma a u su ata mo n o hit o hito g re , e w r g mie ru. Shin ai

' k ak u hom n m o k an a i n o h i ai a aru m ik e mi hosa—hi i e de r g g de , c c de aru .

0 his a a a h ma i i in t 5 s n t n Not es . T p r gr p y be d v ded o e e ces which ﬁ n is h at th e in s : urai mar e n i natta mier u mikomi de ar u ar . follow g word f , ( ) , , ( ) , u

/ r ot a 1: 2 1) a nt f b s t lef t, g; ‘ e m i i g fi a t/ t fi lfil Tl? i if f f c léfl ° “ 7 ' w 7 H b E 72 + l9 fi rs t ) til i ; f ci it“ E a ts l ‘ lfi o ‘r z f fi e fi a ac fit ifi t s s m a ar 0) ' l 3 A b o u i J l/ i tr 9 n fi l/t e ‘B O ra lfl l/ ZZ E g s e a f r s w “ T a b a a s sag s a s M . - 4 m t c G c t fi cc fibe r1 s o L fit lt fi fi fi‘ 55‘ fe — k k fi f T /Js Es s e n n o n a s e z e a ct a ia s s si a a

- KAN JI SE IGEN NO JIKKo SOKUSHIN SENDE N.

Kok ugo - C hos a Kai de k on o aida k e tt e i sh it a s eig en k an -ji wa h odo s hita t U I' I ar u a k n s e i e n n o s h ui wo t e tt eit e ki n i s hiras e r u t am Kan ~ i de g , o o g e , j

' S ei en Jikko Kai wa iI- san - n i hi n o n k u- i k a a B i i a k ee n n i g de j c goze j r , b y

' s hin ai sh o aku- seit o n o IIs hi wo at s a m u- n in z ut s u mi- k umi n i ak a hi g y e , j w c , M o mbush o S e i e n Kan - i Jikko Sok ush i n Kai t o kait a o- h at a wo s n t o n i g j e , k ak uji n i m o doyo n o moji wo s hir us h it a k o - h at a wo f uri- k azashi n agara

' suk i wo ak e te re t su s i i i ita k i- k i wa f IIs en t a k gyo h O n s e n den wo sh . To do - n n i h ata wo mus ubi t suk et e h a at tari m o shit a n o de n igiyak a de att a .

0 1 “ S okushin u t h an Senden a an a . Not es . 113; fig f r er ce ; a prop g d 9 This paragraph m ay be d ivided in t o 5 s e n ten ces which fin ish at t h e : d r u n t h e rs t in s e a atsame wakachi sen den wo shita atta. I follow g word , , , , fi s e n t e n ce Kokn go Chosa Kai de kon o aida hettei shita is a verbal phras e wh ich ‘ un qualifies seigen . Ha n shita tor i de ar u mean s literally is as we an n o ced w t w a u m u a i . e n m ha e s i a a n a is ti . a s . his e co fir w d few d y go T jo r l c for l , hodo shita tor i de ar u o is us a t at in a i n s i us g , ed , f er repe g p ece of ew prev o ly i n as an in t u ti n t o an a un t s m n e w m n t u th g ve , rod c o cco of o e develop e or f r er a det ils . 1 72 JAPANES E RE ADING FOR BE GINNE RS

” Th e am k th e s n s n t n is : kon o tame Kan - i S ei fr ewor of eco d e e ce , J gen h e s Ji lche Kai de wa seito n o yashi wo ats umeta . T word : seigen n o shui wo tetteiteki n i shir aser u ar e a m n t kon o tame t h are a a a t i develop e of , ey verb l djec ve ' ' which q ualiﬁes ta/me Jd -san -n ichi n o gozen ku-Ji kar a is t h e time ; Hibiya h koen n i is t h e place : shin ai shogaku are details about th e s c olars . “ In t h e t hird s en t e n ce wakachi comes from wakatsu this verb is c o m m n in t he it a st : in uia ou sa waher u as t t n s o er l er ry yle colloq l y y , p e e

' n aketa .

6 t n i o bn s a M m ho. en s a. L a e t s n c s : . den o hit t Th u h . s i h e fo r e e e og c lly, prin cipal p art of t h e s en t en ce is t h e l ast oi n i senden wo shita an d th e ’ n a e an i is in th is an d t hat a at man i s t was s ge er l m n g by do g gre fe o pre en ted .

Mom n ho etsu shi i s us t ai s th e man i s t v iz . : a t b s . . or h e . . gy g ve de l of fe o , ( ) bi an n at t h e a ombash sento n i hite an d b th e c s si h M d . . . s n g b er e d ( ) , ( ) pro e o kaku i kakete . A ut t his ssi n we are i n t wo a t i u a s j . “ bo proce o (b) g ve p r c l r th e s a ﬂ a s hi h wa k ku i an d t h e a s m a ” . . n a ar a n ll g w c were ved j g , S c rf wor u n ot an e in a tasuki wo kakete. Tas ki does me h ere t h ord ry cord us ed by h us wi s an d s an t s h n at k i in u th e s v s b ut a s a o e ve erv w e wor for g rd g p lee e , c rf s h - n th e sh u an d a s t he st a i wis . wor over o lder cro c e , b ldr c e (9 F n a - shi t o - a n ase ir h . fit 13g p ere , y b lloo Q’ Han attar i . Th e u n t ati is n a us in ai s but s me freq e ve ge er lly ed p r , o tim s as h it is us sin e , ere , ed gly.

i 174 JAPANES E RE ADI NG FOR. BE INNE RS

m a a la ic n ls wz a e a / a —" Ba ht b ic a o o a o m e a n a r

“ A 41° 6 1: { a A 12 8 flit “ 71 5 a s E m m e

" ‘ ‘fl 71s t é flh ti its fi i u $32 0) a s n s fli e b b fia o a s a s at ? is “? s a s e te , " , a t t i lt- s a t o — L o ts s e m a ii n n s] f it e e s X E £13 0 ‘ 253 5 L 03 g pfi tt vx i i ab fli 5 lfi] i a r e ill s? a lif t/ f s h s a v i a m m fi >

’ ‘ ‘ $ 52 zt tﬂ ltsii ﬁ 5 ? NE

SEMPU NO BIKYO.

Oboret a shojo we suk un .

ok a i hi- i K o as hi- k u Mizu a- cho Kam e Im a k ashi u i~ chf1 T g ogo c j y b y j de, y g

- — - n o doku Ok azaki ch o n i n o go - jﬁ h achi Taguchi Kokichi san -jo Ts uru k o (go - s ai) wa t ot s uz e rl ka- chu n i t e n raku shi de kishi s hiyo t o shit e it a n o we ' t suko- chu n o fuka Omori- machi t emmasen s empu Murai San goro (n i- jII -roku)

' a at ai t o n a i k a- e bd n i t i-k mi sosak u n o ue k II o shi Kit ak on a- sh o g r r ob o y j , y Di ut t ae t a n o de k ak a i-k an sh ut ch o sh wo ukin iin n i k at su i- k mi de r , ojo f go o , k u t at we h odok osh i s e ime i w o t i-t ometa a s in n n o k i wa o y e e , or g , do e e o h osh s u ki m n t o sh i U a s h h wa Ak aik s kan n i h osh n o y o be o o , ed oc o e o y o shin ui o o n a jo y d .

0 i n t 5 n t n hi h n is Not es . Th is paragraph m ay be div ded i o s e e ce s w c ﬁ h ' ' ~ at th e in s : h a o shi katsu i komi hodokoshi tor i tometa o on da . follow tg> word y J , g , , , y h e am w k 0 f t h e s t s n t n is as s : Ts ur n -ko a ten ? ahu shi T fr e or ﬁr e e ce follow g , ( tehishi shi o to shite ita n o 2 00 Mur ai San ar o a hakken shi 1 atai to n ar i y g g ( ) , ,

- - kachd n i tobi 7com1 s osaku n o n e h 12 o shita . im : Toka o o ichi i a , y J T e g g J ; pl ce Kyobashi - ku Ill iznya- cho Kamejima-hashi de ; det ails about Tsur n ho : gi2 gi- ch12 o—sai t ai s t h e ac i n t : ts zt zen lea n i tai s a ut Mn r ai . . g ; de l of c de to : de l bo

- o i ﬁ k s t h t hin s : a h e t h s off ts i2 k ch12 n o n ka . . n 12 r o u Mur ai f . J doe ree g ( ) row h is th s r atai to n ar i h e um s in t th e at kach12 n 1 tohi kami 0 clo e , (b) j p o w er , ( ) t Am n th e h e look ed for an d res cued t h e ch ild sosakn n o 116 kyﬁJo (shi a. o g — - t ai s a ut Tsn ru-ko ai no 0 12 -hachi is an a iati n n i-cho me r 12 de l bo , 9 J bbrev o of g J : - - t u m n th e tai s a ut Mm ai hachi banchi san Jo mean s hiI d da gh t eI . A o g de l bo ’ “ - - temmasen m an s i ht at a n i 12 1 07511 is th e bo 1 t 1n an 5 a e . {a W e fre g bo , b rge ; i g 9 In t e s econ d s en t en ce s upply shite aft er shutcho.

e Th e th s n t n e 1s z do sei n o onda. He 1 e 3 1: beki Is ui a e n t en . ﬁf e e c . y eq v l t o th e u a - is an in ﬁ ex ion th e sur u colloq i l shi nakei eba n a1 a n ai . S n of verb us in t he lit era Jbshin t . ed y style . 1; £13 repor V E C NIB E E RS . OLUME III . MOR B I CHARACT 1 75

0 at e cc A lfi v 131 1 ) 153 15 0 s e m en v “ ‘ ‘ E 72 t B L t tfiz y f ' fl fiii t l’fi L fi ifi zfi fi 7 IE z fi _ ll? f t fie n u u m A zs a e n s w m a n t e a 5 zir 0 1 15 1 1 w 12 11 11 1111 1 1: e r 3 3 — ” e fi i e fi s f r u m n v n gn mw fi % ui w 5 f a 5 % u % 3 3 % za n n ék fi fle c e fifi fi e v fifi ' fif

f jt fifi n E li s a x llfi ifi

NOGUCHI B AKASE NO BAKKEN YAKU .

' ‘ Ju- okk a N u c>ku h at su Rokk uf uer a k e n k u o n o N u h i Eis e i ( y y ) . y j og c h ak as e Wa k on kai - - - , Rokkii san n os eki zui m ak ue n t o sh os erare ru dok uchu gai wo - m e n e ki t o su u s hin - ak u wo b akk n shit a a h ak as e wa it ei u i t as n o Ni r y e g , j u p - o n in wo man eite k W 0 in t ai n i h sha s u a ichi i t ai ui c c hiir i p j , ore j c u reb , j ju , aruiwa shi o Su ru m n a aru k a m o s hi -n ai a h i in tai n i s hik n b o o g re g , ze j e s hit ai t o t s u e ta t k k u -m e i n o lze s s hi obos h a a t a n o shik n w o g o oro , g de de e d k s ‘ h o o o h ita . i i k ekk a wa n e ssh in n i M g m at ar e t e iru .

0 N ot es . This pa ragraph may be divided in t o 4 s e n t en ces wh ich ﬁ n is h at t h e ll in s h kke h Th e am k a n s ita m aneite hodokoshita i r u. fo ow g word , ; , fr ewor t h e t — of ﬁrs s en t en ce is : N oguclii E isci Izakase wa kon kai shin yo ku 1 00 hakken

- shita . B okkn er n . f a ken kyﬁjo n o ar e particulars abo ut N oguclzi Rokkii san . to sur u a a h as ua i in - verb l p r e q l fy g shin yoku. 0 ' Th e thi s n t n is or o A th u h t h e rd e e ce : k e mo J in tai 111 liodok sbita . l o g s kor e wo in tai n i kifai n t u t at i a k s t h are . s are o t n n m word j . . be wee q o o r , ey wh at Was sai N o u ii Th e t i s n t c i s : to d by g cl . framework of h s e en e ts u eta - tokor o ku mei no kegs/ii 61903 7101 e n dc slziken wo li oclokoslzi ta. g , 961 d ta o Tokor o h h as u s a m an in t im i um s t an n o t a . ere of co r e e g of e or c rc ce , of pl ce ’ Hodokos u h m an s t o chi s s a n s i as ere e perform . N ogu word m y be co dered n sis tin t co g of hree parts : (a) after t h e in jection t h e patien t falls in t o a s i us n iti ' n k . or e w0 die a1 11iwa . . e m a a s er o co d o . (b) h y perh p shir e-n ai n th s s , (c) ever eles it is mos t desirable t h at a trial on human bein g s h u b e ma z i eh . . s o ld de . 71itai . 1 76 J APANE SE RE ADING FOR BE IG INNE RS

1 1 11 11 a Is bk 4113 0 11! 7k 8 0) b a h ? t L ili a ar e fit e s "t? 1 111 E 4: 11 111 51 K M 45 + na n gi i t 111 1 b 7ﬁ£ ﬂ< 7l<

0 6 5 11 1, Zr fif r % ) Tfi ao s ew n 73 6 1 73 1 179 0 —‘ m m pfi 0) L léF lfi k t

KEIJ6 MIZ U NI HITARU.

' Sir - i t su rai n o dai-kou n o t am san - u-i hi- n i hi ui n att Ke i c) j e , j c c gogo e , j sh in ai shin s ui shi kik n k okk ok u ui s em att a n o hiban un sa z e mbu sh osh , e de , j u , k e ik ai mi dor ok u shi h oh ei dai shi h i- ﬁ - shi hi n t ai i m o sh y , c j c re yor oko ik a ‘ sam - aku- mei shutsudo shit kak us h o wo k eibi s hi den shin n a w by e, , de w a f ut sii t o n a i den sh a n o un t n mat a uk an t o n at t a. suit a hi asa ui it a i K i r , e f o T c r , e jo s hin ai wa z m a shin sui shi san wo t ish i h i ai in ai n o mik omi m a e b , jo e , g j d , ta okk o mo zosui h an ah adashiku hin ish u shi ai wa dak ui u ui tsut su O y , S g g y mare , ki n k n ue m o n aku ubin k n b ak u- s hi ik k o wa us uk ke o o , y o o y j y o f an o t o n m am a t e it ai shit iru K i i hi- itsu t ok d n a i s u en . r , o o e ( e jo c j )

0 N his a a a h ma be i i in t 1 1 s n t n s hi h n is ot es. T p r gr p y d v ded o e e ce w c ﬁ h at th e in s : shinsui 871i 871i dor okn 871i keibi 871i n ari follow g word , ( ) , y , , ,

n tta shinsui 871i teislii mikomi dc ar u n aku shite i1 11. a , , , ( ) , , 9 Th e t n th s n t n n ish s ith an a ti in th e a ia e e e ce ﬁ e w djec ve dverb l form , e si n i an k o 6 o n aku : s e e page 6 (f) . Th ex pres o k k on 11 m n ai is stron gly

e h ati th e an an n t b e at th an it is . mp c , d ger c o gre er 9 a s i - In the last s en t en ce 1? 73: 5 Kon o me n ma l bag.

1 78 JAPANSE READIN G FOB BE GI NNERS

- DOSOKU W0 KIN Z U .

- TSUKO W0 KIN Z U.

K T U - W0 KIN-Z U I S EN .

I J K E GYC I AN.

Gozen k u-ji yori

Go o san —i ui itar g j u .

Do o sho o m de y g a .

0 N We a r i t c e in t uc d as ot es . h ve h e e a f ew publ c n o i e s : they ar rod e am s a a x u i us n s t ucti n s m t im s met it h v iz . the Ja n s e ple of c r o co r o o e e w ; , p e e asi n a it a s n t n in t h e Ch in s a th u h t h a it in occ o lly wr e e e ce e e order, l o g ey re d th e Ja an s . a it thus t h h a t o t ak th e h a a t s out p e e order To re d , ey ve e c r c er t h i t n d s th e u an s t im s s u st s t i n s t min ati n s . h u of e r r , ome e pply po po i o or er o T lin e 311511 13 is read as if writt en i g zj g f dosoku 100 kin Kin-1111 i s a it a -st in ex io - l er ry yle ﬁ n of t h e verb kin zaru. 9 h is in is a as if itt t t h t m T l e re d wr en wi h a a t e bo t o . 9 h is in is a as if w it t n ith at t e t t m th e a ti ni T l e re d r e w 5 h bo o , p r cle mus t s s al o be upplied . E . NE SE RACT E RS . e n di x . VOLUM III MORE CHI CHA ( App ) 1 79

APPENDIX I.

List of Ch aract ers

Th e followin g lis t is bas ed on a lis t publis hed by the Mombus ho in

1 92 3 . We h a h a s m t n t ha a t rs our own w h ve, owever, dded o e we y c r c e of hi c

we n s i in is n sa at as t v us u . In in this it is n ot co der d pe ble or le ery ef l do g , o ur n t n n i i i b s e Mo b i e tio t o cr t c ze th e Mom u h o lis t . Th m us ho may be right in sayin g that in fut ure people s hould abs tain from us in g charact ers like

d t at t ul us e in s t a . at ma 1 a i 2 e tc . an h h ey s h o d kan a e d Th y

s o but it is a ac t t hat u to n ow t h s ha a te s h a b n us be ; f , p , e e c r c r ve ee ed

' h in u in th e M ombus h c) t x t k s an d it is ba freely everyw ere ( cl d g e boo ) , pro ble

’ that man y will con tin ue t o us e th em in s pit e of th e Mombus ho s re comm en da

n is w we a u t h m in t h e is t . t io s . That hy h ve in cl ded e l

As ar s th e m t h e h a a t s we r as a ul th e m reg d for of c r c er , prefe r e for

s t n in in in s n e Mo bus ho i s an d as an m mm t . t a th m o co o pr For ce , g ve abbreviation n ow th e onl y form t o be foun d in mos t prin tin g s hops is

an d th is is th e form we prefer.

Th e s ign A placed again s t a character mean s th at it was s tudied in th e pr ecedin g volume : th e s ign O is placed again s t thos e characters we s u s s u s i at th is s n s gge t ho ld be tud ed pre e t tage . NIS E R N FOR G NN RS 1 80 JAPA EADI G BE I E

E NE S TE RS . VOLUM III. MORE CHI E CHARAC 1 83 JAPANFS E NG FOR G NN S . 1 84 . READI BE I ER

APPE NDIX II .

Ph on etic relation s betw een th e Ch in ese readin gs

of t h e same ch aracter.

st th e charact e rs lhav e th t i a at as t t wo m Chin s Mo of , eore c lly le , or ore e e

a in s a th ou h in th e at ma it as s n on e is in in a re d g , l g gre jor y of c e o ly ord ry

wo a in s ar us e . In th e as t h s in hi h t e mm n it wi c e of o e , w c re d g co o , ll be n ot ed th at th es e readin gs ar e gen erally relat ed t o each other an d that on e may be deduced from th e other by makin g cert ain deﬁn it e chan ges which

e a n a u s o t h n i a con form t o s ix types . W h ve e de vo red t o h w hes e p o et c rel

i n s t o in th e t able given below.

In th e airs a in s as sh wn t h we ha n o in t n ti n p of re d g o ere , ve e o of suggestin g t h at the 2 n d is derived from t he l s t an y more than th e l st from th e 2 n d : an d as f ar as th e pres en t s tudy is con cern ed it is immaterial

h as in m t i in th e i tai h t c n s i . . ta m a w e er We o der , e g co g fro by dropp g , or as comin g from ta by addin g an i .

n s as kana ati n s an d s m as Some of t h e relation s are co idered rel o , o e r éma- i z th us h n t h e h an 0111: t o ts u is n s i as m a h an j , w e c ge co dered erely c ge

th e i t o u th at urs is on a un t th e kama t a s un s : on of , of co e cco of ble of o d

e n e th e oth h an h n s ak ska h an in t o 3 a i th 71, er d , w e we p of c g g by dropp g

- th at is a r omanﬂ relation . i W e h ave placed within paren thesis t hos e pairs in whi ch t wo phon et c c n s ur t e s am tim : t hus in loo- o we h a 1 s t n i or i an d 2 n d h a ge occ at h e e g , ve g , a lon g 6 ch an gin g t o a s hort 0 ; in r yaZ - r u we have t he droppi n g of t he y

c an d lon g 22 ch an gin g t o s hort 2 5 ; e t .

. i r i I. Closely relat ed Con son an t s (N go ) .

‘ “ k - - — - - - e led- o 1 g; ka ga fgj; kai gar: if} ; kaku gaku éﬁ ; ken g n as; g [11]

15-2 sai- zai Eur; san -zan if} ; ski-ﬂ :j t ii; 5 skin -ﬁ n W; 3 1112 -s ff?

‘ - - - {4 shé jé j g; sé ao 1g; as; son zon If.

- t - d - “ - - i- ; ten de n tai dai 3 k g: i i ; ta da 51g; tan dan ch ﬂ ﬂ} $3 ;

‘ ” 552 ; to-do i ; té - do taka-doku SE

- - - 2 - - 7 i - t u un - bun h b kaku bal m 53? lean ban 1 12 ﬂ ; f u bu K; f a sa bu s (43 ; f

‘ hoﬂ bo [Sjj

NE SE NG BE NN RS 1 86 JAPA READI FOR GI E

an t s . V . L oosely relat ed Con son

b-m -m i et-mat baku-maku balsa-matsu ban -man bai a ﬂak [b 9K]; n 3 k ,

E} ; bi-mi i i at IE ; bu-mu i t ; ﬁat ; bo-m o ti bé-mo t ;

i g ; [bé-ma a] boku-moku dig 5 ﬂ ; bots a- m atsu iﬁ ; [butsu

matsu bya- myé a 55 ; [ba- m e 5 ; bun -men Fiﬁ bi ]

i n ﬁ -n i is at 53 ; f in- Mn A i: 91 ; jo-n z/O it an ; [jitsu- n ichi El ]

d- n dai-n ai Pt] ; dam-nan 616- 71 6 3 479 [do- n u 511 ;

n . VI. Complex Vow el ch a ges

“ — - - -ei-y6 kei kya s: ana a a a: is ; qef gya 5a ; [kai gya iiﬁ]; sexi sm

- r t 9 6 5 3 t G 115 at is its ﬁ? fit at g a? 5 ; [8 7 13 2 $1; ei M T ;

[teij é fiat ]; hei- hyd 2 13 ; [lzei - byé Jfi ] mei- myo g fir Eyj ; r ei-ryd 4? fi — - ek i-yak u eki -yaku gehi- gyaku ii ; saki shaken R E g j}? fig ; teki

chaku ﬁﬁ

’ - - - - - i r iki yok u shiki Shaka 6 [j iki shoku ﬁ ] r ik yoku j] [jiki clzoku 15 ] . T R E E HIN S T S . e n dix VOLUM III MOR C E CHA AC ER ( App ) . 187

APPENDIX III.

Chin es e readin gs of ch aract ers whi ch h av e th e sam e

writt en ph on et ic el em en t .

Wh en th e readin gs of t he characters in a s eries are n ot all th e s ame it ofte n h appen s th at they are relat ed lik e th e readin gs s t udied in Ap pe n dix

1 11 11111 . ﬁ j , See m

+ 3 12 ; ﬁ ‘

tei C72 6 C716 HI C716 156 1 tei I tei : da 0716. T T , ; IE ; T ; ET ; 5T ; ; ; {g fT , r See s: a

7 E 6 716 k d . Se e Z . } $ 71 ; $ ; ﬁ y J

Se e fi i x fi fil fi g fil fil fl fi fii fig g flk fi

J ’ C Se e E c E rE i R

! * t B 87110711 ; at 871118 11. See 43 ]

Se e j], ﬂ ,

d 7111 ﬁ k 12 k 12 71 11 j], i y , ; g y ; 1j1, y ; 933 31 ; k

ke 7111 0 7111 k6 7111 71 6 71 11 If 71 6 I 7c6 1 I , , k ; ﬁ , ; $1 , ; ; j( ; ﬁ

See $3 71 6; $ 71 6 ; 22 7112 . Z g

“ " 8711 i f 8711 : i: j : m . ; at . ; {if See f; 711; ‘ See dfi g g i jr fi j jja gg fi fi

66 1716 71 6 111 6 111 6 111 6 66 71 6. t 12 , ; n , £ , ; 5 ; $ ; 112 ; 3 5

san sen 8611 . Ll] [1] , ; it“

- -7 Se e P [Z] }6j 7c6. fiu g fi E g fi I E R

93 fi fi i fl i

7 : : : ‘9 I 711111 kan k é a E ? S e c 1 T] ; F} ; JR an ; ? k n ; 716111 ; gan ; ff ) ken . fol

lowin g

11 3 11 . in 3 ; $ See preced g .

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‘ ’ za1 1 9611 1 111. j 3 8011 ; M ; H} ,

m See ﬂf 111 11?

1 F See 1 1s a fa.

1 11 11111 7 11111 11111 . 3 ] 3 ] j , ; 13 . ; E13 ’ t ku 156711. ] 47 s7ze1k11 ; ﬁ 871117111 ; ya ;

fl k 71 11 ; W; ‘ / . za da . Se e ( 111 17011 ta1 ta ; ak , fi fi fi fi j q j; , ; jc , g 3 L

71011 r 7111 11 . L. H, [L ; m See j “ “ i } " 71 8716 r 6 rj } 8 716 8716 3 716 ; f 8 6 ; ; ; fi, j ; j /j\ 8716 ; 15 8716 ; fl; ; T. ; fa { g w ” 1 . . 7111 ° 6 8716 811 8 g . 71 11 A 3 716 861 8716 3 ; , ; 51 16 f fin do gm801 ; ) ; if; , ; 15 Eg fie; s ;

‘ 2 » e 1 111 6 Se e 43 g M 87161 s ah11 l1 ; $9 95 ff; 1 , ; {i j ; y $ 3 6 ﬁt é ‘ 5 1 :

N RE FO G JAPA E SE ADI NG R BE INNE RS .

3 ' en an 1111 an 76011 761111 5 75 g g ; 59 9 ; If , g ; 53 ; 5313 ; [53

' : $766 ; bﬁ k6 ; £75 766.

ﬁ 761 ; ﬁ 761.

7 7Kﬁ1 ; E 711 ; 72 : 710 1.

See ﬁ ,

E ” JEI m n u é olon ; xjﬂ ko .

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1011 g 1011 8611 . Do n ot u ith a. miss ; { ; ﬁg a confo nd w E ,

a t k e ofte n made even in prin tin g .

e e 2 5 80 ; 80 . S g

87111 811 12 07112 07112 07112 07112 . I , ; {E J ; ; t}; ; ; E};

1 ° 861 8716 861 8716 5 861 8716 861 861 8 61 80 11 . {43 , ; ﬁ g , ; [15 , ; 453 5; ; ; E

61 8716 861 8716 861 861 8716. 113 8 , ; 13 1 , ; {115 ; , E

f 3 ° 1 115811 1 118 11 r 12 r 12 76 12 1 . Se e j; , E , y ; 351 y ; 231 y ; 1fi 3 fi fi

° 80 80 80 80 sa o. Se e . Do n ot f u ;TH ; Eﬂ ; EE ; EH ﬁ ; ,w1 J g j con o nd

with a. mist ak f e ma ev en in in tin . g g , e o t n de pr g

Se e E5;

70 0 ; RE k a 115. 11 y — : fij 871111811 ; ffij 861811. 9 760 11 ; ffi 76011 . See J 760 760 0 760 760 . 73 1] ; 51 , 9 ; fi g ; fi

‘ ° 6 11 o. [5 8611 ; $7; 11611 ; f 15611 $5 1 11 ; 15 J

' 0 760 760 760 760 k 0 k0 k q m 9 76 ; 3 52 ; 119 $9 2153 E y , [fi m fl fi

760 7611 . , E See

’ ° 7 7 8716 : 8716 8716 8716 8716 1 0716. a ; P ; P3 , E3, ; E3 , ; E3 ,

” 7 611 611 8011 . 7 ; $9 ; 7313,

101 ; 101 ; 1 8711 ; $9 1 . g , 59 19 3

‘ ° 71 7611 710 k11 71 6 7107611 b 0 7611 710 7611 710 7611 710 7611 FJ 0 ; $9 , y 9 , y ; 19 ; 19 ; 539 ;

71 0 7611 . S ee 9 9 y 7k 13 $55

070 11 11011 1 6011 Ef 0716 ; H] 801; E 8 111 ; E] , ; 5 FE ; 5 ; f E 15 ?

z2 11 12 87112 07112 1 7611 16761. F9 g , y ; id] y m ; $9 ; $111 J ; 9 M R INE S OHAR AC PE RS A e n ch V m. . m 1 OLUME O E CH E ( pp . 19

Se e 3 ’ ’ ﬁE saku ; ng saku ; E15 saku ; éﬁ 8a .

ei ei r el r é ; m r ; if} r ; 3 r ei ; pﬁ r o. , y y

r u Tu r u 60 r an . Q y , ; y ; ﬁ ; 99

5 1 9- 2 1 ei h é h o 1 bin . 1 h , y ; 3 ? y ; 4 hei ; 2 F

a. E! 43 han ; 421] hem ; Qﬁ ban ; {} lean ; {B} ban .

t! E13 ko ; ml}! ko ; i ] 0 .

n i k n in f shin . EB shi ; fﬁqs i , j ; i ?

i dai tei 3 dai tei tei . , ; 5; , ; H;

uts u b t atsa tsu 7175. {35f , u su ; mf ; mﬁ ;

[11 ka ; £111 150 ; 1a ko.

9§ shitsu ; ﬂ chitsa ; ﬁg shits u ; $1536 shitsu ; 53 871i ; 5m

tetsu. See

“ jig hi; {Bi M ; W M ; J hi ; ha ; Mi 71a .

[Q min ; ﬂ min .

R; da i ; g tai ; ﬁ tai.

u ﬁx? juésu ; ;Qfgj tsu.

‘ da da a . ﬁg , QE , j

“ en en en wan . 2 352 ; 55 ; E ; E

716 716 M . , ﬁg 6a ; BE J AP R A G R I 192 ANE SE E DIN FO BE G NNE EE .

IceL Ic o Ic IC (J 8 7L12 87Lu75u. 8 0 0 513, If , , y ; , Z/ ; R ”R , Q;

ILLL Ic LIcLL IL i ? i ; kyo ; lﬁ i n kg/a ; yc ; (13 0 .

’ ! M ? L LL CILLLSU L S e e g i SILL; 3 2 C ; 3 SIL LS ; g ; £ 1] 0; {f l} L0. Ea

E] E3 Icy/L2 ; E IcyL2 ; E IcyL2 .

” ” “ IcILL ILLLSLL ILLLSLL ketsu. 8 00 if; é? , ; 53 ; {if m g

1 LL 5 zetsu ; $3 katsu ; $3} IcaLS ; wa.

meL m é Ln eL. g , y ; {if}

ku IcakLL kak k ak r aIcLL {f 4} ka ; Lg ; g u, y u ; y ; 3 5

E 8 5 ; 1 3 5.

“ 8 6 8 3 ° i i yo ; LL? L6 ; 25 L5 ; L6 ; 535 ska; m? sen

“ " LL Se e a! L LLSLL ; é ILLLS .

2 LL2 ILL2 . M I” .SILL ; UHSI ; EHS

l ° i re u ﬁ l r etsu re L ei. i ] 51] ts ; ;;n tsu , M

‘ 5 3 i f tokLL o. 5: fi jL; 8} 7L; fl j i ; 1? SILL; if ? SILL; fi fa ; }? ; t

£ 1 3 SILLL ; 5? 87m.

Fa] Fﬂ do : mdo ; HF] ﬁ l m.

L 2k jL SIL .

ken ken kan ken . £3 ; , ; $5

eL beL m oLL m . 7K , ; gag

ILLL ° 5k sILLL ; 15k shu ; Hi shu i/13 S

" ° ﬁll sILL sekL sakLL.

? )k

R G R G R JAPANE SE EADIN FO BE INNE S .

: ffi l Ln ; fifi shin ; £15 shin ; shin .

‘ ’ ‘ é L 5 akaku. fa L yé ; film é ; lfifi r é ; ILH L é ; mr ; LII» ; {3

sokzL sokLL. Se e E , ; {LE E2}

Q 87a ff; st ﬁ shin .

{22 shun ; ﬁg? san .

3 760 M be bLLL. S ee 3 ; LE ; (E n , ; E

i f teL; £51 teL; t teL. i , d

Se e ﬁ

; EJLZ sei ; E LL

7 d datsu e eL e u zeL 53} a ; HQ ; tsu ; 5553 ; a}? s ts ,

' E ken ; ken ; LE gen ; LEE ki ; LYLE 8712

’ ' J men 1 ben ban LclLL LLSLL. ﬁa ; £9L1J, , [ﬁg ; gg ,

i : f fl kyo ; fig kyo ; Ll kyé 7LLL ; fi k o ; 700 ; i L.

E baL; fé: baL; E baL; [11 [M L 8 6 9 al s o ﬂlj a ‘ 3 keL L keL - ken ken son . ; E? ; g, f; ; nf ; £5 ‘ ’ E yo ; E ya ; ELLO ; LEJO ; FE JO Li ; E ta ; Li ta ;

hL aku ska . i]? se sli 353i

SLLL; HE S LLL; E15 W jfg lzeL: Eg i 95; aa {Li s a

bLL 7n LL EE bLL l m. , ; L ; ﬁ

° chokLL L F T oku ; {5 C7LL. E , i ; EE, Sh

‘ ° 7 Se e :ffi snL; fig L; fl GILL; flag 7 L; s Lz2 ; ;fi

’ L LL LE kn tsu ; if?“ k utsu ; :Ui; IL LLS . ‘ r Q ska ; qﬁ ska .

: ig ﬁg baL; j baL; {a}; ( ML; 1m.

Se e /j\

{St} ; kan ; ﬁg kan ; kg lean ; g kan .

a l o 3 72 0 m 872 6. 5 , BB g

‘ Se e 75 V 111 . (un mask: R E RS OLUME MORE CHA ACT . 19 5;

ta a 3 L6. a k ; 15,

' ’ 3 L L Z ii sotsu ; ms sai ; 2 g S L ; W. sLLL. m bin k hen 716 L. hei , ; {ﬂ ; W ; ﬂ}?

ﬂ 7L6 ; $16 ; ! Hg IL6 ; Hi 66 ; iﬁ 7LeL ;

£5 ILL; 535 ILL; ﬁle Izai ; 1315 71m : 71m ; 51;

$51] M L; 3 5 3 65.

5 5 la M ; 1115 ki ; {15 k L. ‘ ‘ Pj man ; FL] man ; Se e ﬁ

{ m ei m 6 mei. 3 } , y ; ﬁg

HQ 66 ; E5 716.

' 3 3 6 5 3 66 seL 8873 87L6 3 7L6 3 61 6 p? , ; HT? ; F5 , ; $3 , ; ”33 , j ; ‘F‘é‘

“ TO N r in L LLL 5 , fﬁ ; if}?

hé 766 5 ké M , 61 4 ; $1 , £561 E}

See E

‘ ’ 5 53 en ; (Je tan ; 33 2 clan .

ku T u r o o r ok . ﬂ y , ku ; ﬂ

06 066 ; $5 6 ; g 066.

3 2 ﬁ 7zy6. ‘ “ Q ken ; g ken ; kin ; g ym EX

7 toku 7a shuku ; ﬂy shuku ; 23} .

s: in ; a j u

‘ 7 yo ; i 91116

mitsu ; g mits u.

5g en ; 33 tan . NE SE E IN FO R BE G NE S JAPA R AD G IN R .

S ee jﬁ ck6 j LZ ; ii ska ; {if sk6. i f]

72 7L6 ; Hg 6. 6 r 46 ﬁ .

' ﬁ ' sekL kaka sehL sekL kaka. g; , s IEf ; ; ﬁg? s

: : ﬁ z . o 2 72 “ an . S e e L . B n , , a a ; E ; E

’ i f ska ; $5: ska ; g ska ; gé sko ; 52 sko akaku .

e ﬁfj z n ; Fail s en . k EU] so u ; ml] soku ; ﬁll] soku .

S e e T .

g da TE da ; [35 M L; ﬂﬁ

IE! BF] 1 ;

ken ken ken . {E75 ﬁ, ;

n an n fie] : fifi n a .

lca a a Tﬁ ; 55 l ; k .

l i ” 1 72 t? 0 4 C?) [ L] g ; 51 3] 9 ; {3 g

E SE RE NG FOR B G I NN R JAPAN ADI E E S.

kan ba 7za . ; ﬂ n , n

skL n ; m ckLn ; ten .

Ln en ; [E] ; {ason .

gen ; LL? gen ; 66 gan g Ln Ln . ; K,

kLn n {i kLn ; 7LL ; kLn .

ku ' 2 kLL 6 if F55 ; M if: k k a u fig kaku .

skLLkLL LL ; {ﬁg sk kLL.

san san . , g

r yo ; g r yo ; ﬂ ro ; [g f m

zan en m} z .

o 0 e . ey , 9 ; ey

LEE eai ; LEE 16 13

5 h R sehL F sehL; sekL; E sekL;

’ kan L E ; {a kan ; E t s L. R 3 1 5 A E 1 13 13 RS . A e x V III. 0 n di OLUME MO E CH RACT ( pp ). 199

5 6 g lzym f? [Lg/6 ; E 7Ly .

i g; saL; saL; f satsLL.

661 76

5 : zen zen zen . 2 ; ﬁ ; § §

S ee f »)

ban ban hon . g ; QR ,

s ' g r ekL g oekL.

8726 2 6 g , ; {Q

nats u; ILaL.

kan ? en on . fifi ; fl g , g

t ﬁ heL; hei.

shoku fa slzokLL skLkL; Ea s/LLkL. ‘ kL; (ﬁ kL.

1? L 216 ; ﬁ a?

E gakLL ; kaku. k 6 6 $85 y . 6 ; g

mku lak akLL slzaku sckL E ; a u ; E y ; ﬂ , ;

e e shoku ; {5 shoku ; doku ; iﬁ daku. S E ’ {66 6 5s {5 d6 ; it; 616.

e (241 gekL; $211 g kL. 7 5k keL ky6 ; if} keL; ky6.

' 6 73 73 6 9 ; 9 ; pa? 9 ; L6 9

f lj ken ; {Q ken ; fﬁ' ken ; [SQ ken ; 156;

$6 7g 316 : 63 2 g kya

6 Oku f den olm. if ; L3 . ; Ef}: ; 1?

5 5 a m n. E kan ; L93 5 kan ; $455 kan ; ﬁ r an ; r n ;

HE ya; yak“

8 063 86 6 3 m i 86 13 1 , ; i61 ; ; 66]

? ° ﬁ ﬁ 973 ; iii gL; ,n gy6.

4 3 L51 0715 ; 332 0716.

‘’ 55: M76 ; ZE ILLn .

é‘ fl m ku akLL akLL. fi fié , g ; fig y

£3 i t 55 ; bakLL.

iji? kai ; f; kaL.

jg j6 ; a? j6.

kan kan kan kan ken en . g ﬁt ; 235i; ; gﬁ ; ; kg , g

56 53 2 6 ; ﬁﬁ 2 6.

” 6 g ; 7 3 76 ; Q km ; 53 ban ; é? Lean .

zokLL shokLL I zokLL skokLL. ﬁg , ; E ,

‘ fi fi fi i i 65C E

° ~ fi 7 w e 63 ° 56? fi fi i fi ¢rfi i fi m T fi m+ LL: 225 [51] 511664151? ‘ T ‘i -Pm 475C EDEN) ? fi fi Tfifigfi fi E mfi mi “ “ — $3 5 Tl) “Pbi fikfi iE T E Ji fi flh é?

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