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Personalities PERSONALITIES WORLD Abbas Mahmoud: Fondly called Abu Mazen, Abbas Asia Minor (Turkey), Armenia, Mesopotamia, Iran, won the election to Palestine president-ship as a Egypt, Gandhara including the borders of India dur- candidate of Fatah party. He defeated Mustafa ing the period 336 to 323 BC, Barghouti in the election. died at Babylon. Abdus Salam : Physicist, Pakistan’s only Nobel Prize Alonso, Fernando: The winner. He won it for his work on Particle physics in Spanish race car driver became 1979. The Abdus Salam Award was instituted by Formula ones youngest ever the World Academy of Sciences in his memory. world champion at 24. He drives for Reneault. His main Abdus Sattar Edhi (b. 1929): Pakistani social worker, contentor to title in 2005 was known as Father Teresa. He is the founder of the Mclaren’s Kimi Raikonnen. Youngest Formula one Edhi Foundation (1966). Champion Ali, Muhammad (b. 1942): Aesop (600 BC): Greek author of Aesop’s Fables Muhammad Ali was one of the greatest boxers of which are moral tales with animal protagonists. The the 20th century. He started his career in the early famous tales The Tortoise and the Hare, The Fox 1960s under his original name Cassius Clay. He was and the Grapes were his creation. the first man to win the world heavyweight title three Akihito (b. 1933): Japan’s Emperor. Ascended the times. He was honoured with. The presidential medal Chrysanthemum Throne – the world’s oldest he- of Freedom called the nations highest civilian award. reditary throne – on November 12, 1990, after the Amin, Idi (b. 1925): Idi Amin was the eccentric and death of his father, Emperor Hirohito. despotic dictator of Uganda from 1971 to 1979, when Akram, Wasim: Pakistani cricketer and former cap- he was deposed by exiled Ugandans with the help tain. Highest wicket taker (502) in One-Day of the Tanzanian army. Internationals. Made the world record of maximum Amundsen, Roald (1872-1928): Roald Amundsen number of sixes (12) in the Test match against Zim- was a Norwegian explorer, the first to reach the South babwe in his 257 runs. Besides, he has to his credit Pole (1911) and the first to navigate the North-West 414 wickets in Tests. He retired in 2003. Passage (1903-1906). He was lost in the Arctic. Aldrin, Edwin: The US astronaut, who became only Annan, Kofi (b. 1938): The seventh UN Secretary- the second man to land on the moon soon after Neil General. Shared the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize with the Armstrong on July 20, 1969. Dr. Edwin Aldrin has UN. Selected for the Seoul Peace Prize 1998 for his set up a non- profit organisation, Share Space Foun- contribution to world peace. He is from Ghana. He dation, dedicated to research on measures that is credited with creation of East Timor as an inde- would make space transportation affordable and pendent country. He got a unanimous support of safer. the UN in June 2001 for his second five - year term. Alexander, the Great (356-323 BC): King of He completed his term in December, 2006. Macedonia. He conquered Egypt and founded Al- Antony, Mark (c. 83-30 BC): Marcus Antonius, exandria. At the age of 20 (336 BC), he started his known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman campaign from Greece. His conquests extended to statesman and soldier. His speech on the death of 82 8 his friend Julius Caesar caused the conspirators who Attlee, Clement (1883-1967): Clement Attlee was murdered Caesar to flee from Rome. the Labour Prime Minister of England 1945-51. Dur- Anwar, Saeed: The Pakistani Cricket opener who ing his tenure as Prime Minister, India won freedom blasted 194 against India in Chennai to become the in 1947. highest scorer in one-day cricket. Atwood, Margaret (b. 1932): One of the most pro- Arafat, Yasser (1929- 2004): Chairman of Palestine lific and well known authors in Canada. She bagged Liberation Organisation since 1969. Co-founder of the Booker Prize for 2000 for her novel The Blind Al-fatah (1956). Signed agreements for Palestinian Assassin. self-rule in Gaza Strip, Jericho Augustus Caesar (63 BC-AD 14): Founder of the and West Bank in May 1994 Roman Empire and one of the most outstanding men and September 1995. Recipient in history. His original name was Gaius Octavianus. of Jawaharlal Nehru Award for Aung San Suu Kyi (b. 1945): Daughter of International Understanding Myanmarese independence hero, General Aung San. and Indira Gandhi Award for Founded Myanmar’s National League for Democ- International Justice and Har- racy (NLD) of which she is the leader. While oppos- mony. Shared the 1994 Nobel ing the military junta she was forced to end her non- Spirit behind PLO Peace Prize with the then Is- violent Gandhian protest on July 29, 1998 when the raeli Prime Minister, Yitzhak Rabin, and Israeli For- Burmese military government took her back to Ran- eign Minister, Shimon Peres. He signed a revised goon against her will. Su Kyi was released by the Wye- River accord with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud ruling military junta after a 19 month arrest in May, Barak. Arafat died in 2004. 2002. Recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (1991), Archimedes (287-212 BC): Greek scientist and math- Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought (1991), Soli- ematician known for his discovery of the unique darity Prize of the City of Bremen, and Jawaharlal Principle of Buoyancy. Invented Archimedean Nehru Award for International Understanding Screw. (1993). She is also the winner of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, America’s highest civilian Aristotle (384-322 BC): The Father of Biology, was a Greek philosopher, the greatest of the ancient phi- honour. losophers. In 343 BC, Aristotle became tutor to Alex- Bacon, Francis (1561-1626): Francis Bacon, Vis- ander the Great in Macedonia. count St. Albans, was an English statesman and Armstrong, Neil (b. 1930): philosopher. Among his works are The Advance- American astronaut. First man ment of Learning and Novum Organum. His stress to set foot on the moon (July on inductive methods gave a strong impetus to sub- 21, 1969). Followed by Edwin sequent scientific research. Aldrin from Apollo 11. Baden-Powell, Robert (1857-1941): Robert Baden- Astor, Nancy (1879-1964): Powell, later Lord Baden-Powell, was a soldier and Nancy Astor was the first defender of Mafeking in the Boer War (1899-1990). He founded the Boy Scouts in 1908 and, with his woman to be elected to the The first man on British Parliament (1919). She Moon sister, Agnes, the Girl Guides in 1910. He is the au- remained an MP until 1945. thor of Scouting for Boys. Atatürk, Kemal (1881-1938): Born in Salonika, Baird, John Logie (1888-1946): John Logie Baird Greece. He was the founder and first President of was a British television pioneer from Scotland. In the Republic of Turkey. He served as President from 1926, he demonstrated the first ever television pic- 1923 until his death. ture. Three years later the British Broadcasting Cor- poration (BBC) broadcast a 30-line television pic- Attenborough, Richard (b. 1923): British film actor ture. cum director. Best known for his film Gandhi, which won eight Oscars in 1983. Baker, Laurie (b. 1917): Lawrence Wilfred Baker, 82 9 popularly known as Laurie Baker, is the British-born Benenson, Peter: The founder of ‘Amnesty Indian architect who specialises in low-cost build- International’-the human right activist organisa-tion- ing. He married a Malayali and is now settled in passed away in 2005. Amnesty was started in 1961. Thiruvananthapuram. In 1989, he was granted In- Benigni, Roberto (b. 1952): This Italian actor, writer dian citizenship. He celebrated his 90th birth recently. and director won the Oscar for Best Actor in 1999 Bancroft, Ann: First woman to reach the North Pole. for his film Life is Beautiful at the Academy Awards Was one of the six-members of the US-Canadian ceremony. He became the first star of a foreign film expedition which reached the North Pole on dog to win the Best Actor Award. sledges in April 1986. Bentinck, Lord William (1738-1809): Lord Bandaranaike, Sirimavo(1917-2000): World’s first Bentinck was the Governor-General of India famous elected woman Prime Minister (of Ceylon, now Sri for the Sati reforms (1829) and suppression of hu- Lanka) in 1960. Sworn in for man sacrifice, suppression of Thuggees and sup- the third time as Prime Minis- pression of female infanticide. ter in November 1994, when her Bertolucci, Bernardo (b. 1940): I t a l i a n daughter, Chandrika film director. His film The Last Emperor won nine Kumaratunga, became the Oscars in 1978. Conferred the Lifetime Achievement President of the country. She Award at the 30th International Film Festival of In- has entered the 1999 Guinness dia at Hyderabad in January 1999. Book of Records for being the oldest Prime Minister in the World’s first woman Bhutto, Benazir (b. 1955): world. Prime Minister Pakistan’s former Prime Min- ister. Was co-Chairperson of Barnard, Christiaan (1922-2001): South African Pakistan People’s Party. Sworn surgeon. Performed the first human heart transplant in as Prime Minister for the sec- operation in Cape Town in 1967. ond time on October 9, 1993. Banville, John: Irish novelist has been awarded First woman in the Muslim Booker Prize, 2005 for his book The Sea. world to be Prime Minister Daughter of the East Beethoven, Ludwig van(1770-1827): Ludwig van twice. Presently in self-im- Beethoven was a German composer and musician. posed exile in the United Kingdom. He was the leader of the romantic movement in mu- Bhutto, Z.A.
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