DOCSLIB.ORG

INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo­ Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo­ Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re­ produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. These are also available as one exposure on a standard 35mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Com pany 300 North! Z eeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 8907297 Stratal packages at the subsiding margin of the Cretaceous foreland basin, Utah. (Volumes I and H) Schwans, Peter, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1988 Copyright ©1988 by Schwans, Peter. All rights reserved. UMI SOON. Zeeb Rd Ann Arbor, MI 48106 STRATAL PACKAGES AT THE SUBSIDING MARGIN OF THE CRETACEOUS FORELAND BASIN, UTAH VOLUME 1 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By- Peter Schwans, M.S. (Dipl. Geol.) The Ohio State University 1988 Dissertation Committee: Approved by L. A. Krissek G. D. McKenzie Advisor T. J. Wilson é Department of Geology and Mineralogy Copyright by Peter Schwans 1988 To My Parents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I sincerely thank Dr. James W. Collinson for his guidance throughout the project, my wife Mary for her editorial expertise and patience, Dr. Peter Noel Webb for providing many opportunities, and Dr. Terry J. Wilson for her encouragement and numerous discussions. I am grateful to Drs. Steven R. Jacobson and Sheldon N. Nelson of Chevron Co. Inc, Denver, for the processing and classification of palynomorph samples, and Drs. Kirt Campion, Bill Devlin, and John H. Van Wagoner of EXXON Production Research Co., Houston, for invaluable discussions, much logistic support, and for gaining release of some materials presented herein. I also thank Dr. William A. Cobban of the U.S. Gelogoglcal Survey, Denver, for patiently identifying all invertebrate fossils. I am grateful to the field camp staff and the administration of Snow College at Ephraim, Utah, for room and board. Janice Gist of EXXON Production Research Company, Houston, helped with many diagrams and Beth Daye of Ohio State University, Columbus, processed many of the photos. This research wqs supported by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Atlantic Richfield Oil Company, the Chevron Field Studies Fund, Exxon Production Research Company, the Friends of Orton Hall Fund, Marathon Oil Company through Q.S..A. Grants #3491-85 and #3491-86, Sheil Western Exploration and Production Company, and SIGMA XI, The Scientific Research Society. ABSTRACT The geologic history of the Cretaceous foreland basin in Utah has been interpreted in the past largely on the basis of lithostratigraphic correlations. This study uses sequence-stratigraphic concepts to identify unconformities and depositional sequences in the Cordilleran basin fill in Utah. The resulting sequence-stratigraphic framework is analyzed to test the concept of globally synchronous sea level changes in the Cretaceous foreland basin. The Early Cretaceous history of the foreland basin in Utah is that of a differentially subsiding alluvial basin. Initial foreland basin subsidence near the thrust load was Airy isostatic in nature, following the thrust-related reactivation of basement structures, lineaments, and subsurface fault zones that originated during Proterozoic rifting. The Cretaceous foreland basin in Utah was narrow and elongate to the thrust front, while foreland areas distal to the thrust front (> 150 km) experienced little or no subsidence. Initial thrusting occurred along the Pavant 1 thrust and Charleston-Nebo thrust during the Barremian and early Aptian and resulted in anticlinal uplift above subsurface thrust ramps. The preservation of thick overbank mudstones with interspersed channel sandstones and numerous lacustrine limestones marks the onset of basin subsidence and erosion of fine-grained Mesozoic strata in the iv emergent source terrenes. Right-lateral faulting along the lineaments aided the structural and erosional dissection of the thrust terrenes, making Proterozoic strata and Paleozoic carbonates available to the fluvial systems during the Albian. As a result, eastward prograding conglomeratic sheet-fiood fan and braided stream systems formed at the western margin of the basin at the apex of the basinward termination of the lineaments, which acted as conduits for elastics from the hinterland. Thrust sheet stacking, together with thrust sheet buttressing and transverse faulting along the reactivated basement structures during the Late Cretaceous, continued to result in maximum subsidence near the load. In addition, eastward propagation of the Charleston-Nebo allochthon and extensive overthrusting in northern Utah and southern Wyoming in the late Alblan caused broad flexural subsidence across Utah. Although flexural subsidence determined the large-scale configuration of the Late Cretaceous foreland basin, depositional systems architecture was primarily controlled by high frequency basin accommodation changes related to eustasy. Five eustatic highstands and three separate tectonic events are documented in central Utah. Tectonism partially overprinted the eustatic signature in the basin fill by further increasing basin accommodation near the load, while eustasy determined the frequent sediment accommodation changes and depositional geometries. VITA January 2 ,1 9 5 5 ......................................... Born - Oldenburg, V/est Germany 1977 ............................................................. B, S. (Vordipiom), Universitaet Muenchen, West Germany 1981 ............................................................. M. S. (Dipiom) in Geology, Universitaet Kiel, West Germany 198 1 ............................................................. Geological Assistant, BEB Erdgas & Erdoel GmbH, Hannover, West Germany 198 2 ............................................................. Exploration Assistant, Uran- gesellshaft Canada Ltd., Toronto, Canada 1983-1988 .................................................. Graduate Student, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 198 6 ............................................................. Geological Consultant, EXXON Production Research Company, Houston, Texas 198 7 ............................................................. Summer Intern, EXXON Production Research Company, Houston, Texas 198 8 ............................................................. Research Geologist, EXXON Production Research Company, Houston RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS ARTICLE AND ABSTRACTS: Schwans, P., in press, Depositional response of Pigeon Creek Formation, Utah, to initial fold-thrust defomation in a differentially subsiding foreland basin, in Schmidt, C. J., and Perry, W. J., eds.. Interaction of the Rocky Mountain Foreland and the Cordilleran Thruiit Belt: Geological Society of America Memoir 171. Schwans, p., 1087a, Initial foreland flexure and sedimentation. Early Cretaceous, central Utah [abs.]: Geological Society Abstracts with Programs, v. 19, p. 835. Schwans, P., 1987b, Response of alluvial-marine deposition to episodic thrust-loading and sea-level changes in the Cretaceous foreland basin, Utah [abs.]: Geological Society Abstracts with Programs, v. 19, p. 835. Schwans, P., 1987c, Sedimentological effects of the tectonic transition from fold-thrust deformation to thrust-cored uplift, proximal Sevier foreland (Six Mile Canyon-Price River-North Horn interval), Campanian-Paleogene of Utah [abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 19, p. 332. Schwans, P., 1986a, Late Cretaceous depositional sequence evolution as a result of tectonism, basin subsidence, and sea level change, Turonian to Santonian, west-central Utah [abs.]: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 70, p. 1055. Schwans, P. 1986b, Early Cretaceous depositional sequence evolution in the foreland of the Sevier overthrust belt in west-central Utah [abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 18, p. 411. Schwans, P., 1985a, Fanglomerate déposition in the foreland of the Sevier overthrust belt, control, facies, and timing of earliest syntectonic deposition in Utah, western
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Early Oligocene Plant Diversity Along the Upper Rhine Graben: the Fossil Flora of Rauenberg, Germany
    Acta Palaeobotanica 56(2): 329–440, 2016 DOI: 10.1515/acpa-2016-0011 Early Oligocene plant diversity along the Upper Rhine Graben: The fossil flora of Rauenberg, Germany JOHANNA KOVAR-EDER State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Received 11 July 2016; accepted for publication 7 October 2016 ABSTRACT. The macroflora of Rauenberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is treated monographically. The plant-bearing sediments are marine, mainly well-bedded clay- to siltstones, the so-called Fischschiefer, which are part of the Bodenheim Formation. Based on nannoplankton they are dated to nannoplankton zone NP 23 (Rupelian, Lower Oligocene). The plant remains, mainly leaves and some fructifications, are preserved as compressions. The taxonomic assignment is based on gross morphology and cuticle characteristics. The flora yields marine algae and remains of the very diverse terrestrial flora. A total of 68 taxa, including three types of algae, one cycad, 12 conifers, and 49 dicots, among them 5 palms, are described. The following fossil spe- cies are described for the first time: Laurophyllum rauenbergense, Myrica obliquifolia, Distylium metzleri, ? Berchemia altorhenana, ? Ternstroemites maritiae, Trachelospermum kelleri, Oleinites altorhenana, O. rauen- bergensis, Dicotylophyllum badense, D. oechsleri, D. vesiculaeferens, D. ziegleri, ? Viscophyllum hendriksiae, and Cladites vesiculaeferens. Dicotylophyllum vesiculaeferens and Cladites vesiculaeferens bear peculiar, complex cuticular structures presumably representing salt-secreting glands. Both taxa are interpreted to derive from one plant species of yet uncertain systematic affinity. The flora bears a high proportion of broad-leaved, presum- ably evergreen taxa, whereas the diversity of modern Arcto-Tertiary taxa (sensu Kvaček 1994) is rather low.
    [Show full text]
  • The Student's Elements of Geology
    The Student's Elements of Geology Sir Charles Lyell The Student's Elements of Geology Table of Contents The Student's Elements of Geology.........................................................................................................................1 Sir Charles Lyell............................................................................................................................................1 PREFACE......................................................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER I. ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ROCKS.....................................................................2 CHAPTER II. AQUEOUS ROCKS. THEIR COMPOSITION AND FORMS OF STRATIFICATION......................................................................................................................................8 CHAPTER III. ARRANGEMENT OF FOSSILS IN STRATA. FRESH−WATER AND MARINE FOSSILS.....................................................................................................................................................14 CHAPTER IV. CONSOLIDATION OF STRATA AND PETRIFACTION OF FOSSILS.......................21 CHAPTER V. ELEVATION OF STRATA ABOVE THE SEA. HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED STRATIFICATION....................................................................................................................................27 CHAPTER VI. DENUDATION..................................................................................................................40
    [Show full text]
  • Mojave Miocene Robert E
    Mojave Miocene Robert E. Reynolds, editor California State University Desert Studies Center 2015 Desert Symposium April 2015 Front cover: Rainbow Basin syncline, with rendering of saber cat by Katura Reynolds. Back cover: Cajon Pass Title page: Jedediah Smith’s party crossing the burning Mojave Desert during the 1826 trek to California by Frederic Remington Past volumes in the Desert Symposium series may be accessed at <http://nsm.fullerton.edu/dsc/desert-studies-center-additional-information> 2 2015 desert symposium Table of contents Mojave Miocene: the field trip 7 Robert E. Reynolds and David M. Miller Miocene mammal diversity of the Mojave region in the context of Great Basin mammal history 34 Catherine Badgley, Tara M. Smiley, Katherine Loughney Regional and local correlations of feldspar geochemistry of the Peach Spring Tuff, Alvord Mountain, California 44 David C. Buesch Phytoliths of the Barstow Formation through the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum: preliminary findings 51 Katharine M. Loughney and Selena Y. Smith A fresh look at the Pickhandle Formation: Pyroclastic flows and fossiliferous lacustrine sediments 59 Jennifer Garrison and Robert E. Reynolds Biochronology of Brachycrus (Artiodactyla, Oreodontidae) and downward relocation of the Hemingfordian– Barstovian North American Land Mammal Age boundary in the respective type areas 63 E. Bruce Lander Mediochoerus (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Oreodontidae, Ticholeptinae) from the Barstow and Hector Formations of the central Mojave Desert Province, southern California, and the Runningwater and Olcott Formations of the northern Nebraska Panhandle—Implications of changes in average adult body size through time and faunal provincialism 83 E. Bruce Lander Review of peccaries from the Barstow Formation of California 108 Donald L.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Oligocene Plant Diversity Along the Upper Rhine Graben: the Fossil Flora of Rauenberg, Germany
    Acta Palaeobotanica 56(2): 329–440, 2016 DOI: 10.1515/acpa-2016-0011 Early Oligocene plant diversity along the Upper Rhine Graben: The fossil flora of Rauenberg, Germany JOHANNA KOVAR-EDER State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Received 11 July 2016; accepted for publication 7 October 2016 ABSTRACT. The macroflora of Rauenberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is treated monographically. The plant-bearing sediments are marine, mainly well-bedded clay- to siltstones, the so-called Fischschiefer, which are part of the Bodenheim Formation. Based on nannoplankton they are dated to nannoplankton zone NP 23 (Rupelian, Lower Oligocene). The plant remains, mainly leaves and some fructifications, are preserved as compressions. The taxonomic assignment is based on gross morphology and cuticle characteristics. The flora yields marine algae and remains of the very diverse terrestrial flora. A total of 68 taxa, including three types of algae, one cycad, 12 conifers, and 49 dicots, among them 5 palms, are described. The following fossil spe- cies are described for the first time: Laurophyllum rauenbergense, Myrica obliquifolia, Distylium metzleri, ? Berchemia altorhenana, ? Ternstroemites maritiae, Trachelospermum kelleri, Oleinites altorhenana, O. rauen- bergensis, Dicotylophyllum badense, D. oechsleri, D. vesiculaeferens, D. ziegleri, ? Viscophyllum hendriksiae, and Cladites vesiculaeferens. Dicotylophyllum vesiculaeferens and Cladites vesiculaeferens bear peculiar, complex cuticular structures presumably representing salt-secreting glands. Both taxa are interpreted to derive from one plant species of yet uncertain systematic affinity. The flora bears a high proportion of broad-leaved, presum- ably evergreen taxa, whereas the diversity of modern Arcto-Tertiary taxa (sensu Kvaček 1994) is rather low.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Fossil Monocotyledons: Current Status, Recent Developments and Future Directions
    The Palaeobotanist 57(2008) : 141-164 0031-0174/2008 $2.00 Indian fossil monocotyledons: Current Status, Recent Developments and Future Directions S.D. BONDE Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411 004, India. Email: [email protected] (Received 03 August, 2006; revised version accepted 17 April, 2008) ABSTRACT Bonde SD 2008. Indian fossil monocotyledons: Current Status, Recent Developments and Future Directions. The Palaeobotanist 57(1-2) : 141-164. The megafossil records of monocotyledons assigned to Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) onward from India have been reviewed along with their possible resemblances with the extant members to have a meaningful taxonomic and phylogenetic relationship. The early record of angiosperm megafossils assigned to the dicotyledons is from the Lower Cretaceous horizon of Rajmahal Hills, Bihar (now Jharkhand). A thorough search for the monocotyledons is yet to be made from these beds. The Deccan Intertrappean beds which belong to Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) - Palaeocene age, are very rich in angiosperms comprising both dicotyledons and monocotyledons preserved especially in the form of permineralizations. The later epochs or series, however, are rich in compressions and impressions. The monocotyledonous flora is dominated mainly by palms (Family-Arecaceae) followed by the families of Scitamineae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Araceae. In order to understand the early monocotyledonous diversification future work is to be concentrated in the Rajmahal Intertrappeans and contemporary horizons belonging to the Lower Cretaceous Period. Thorough search for entire herbaceous elements, woody juvenile and arborescent members (palms, pandans, aroids, liliales, grasses, Cyperaceae, etc.), reconstructions of entire plants based upon organic occurrences and associations in addition to the isolated reproductive and vegetative organs of taxonomic significance is to be given priority.
    [Show full text]
  • Author-Title Index
    AUTHOR-TITLE INDEX A ___. Paleoecology of cyclic sediments of the lower Green River Formation, central Utah. 1969. 16(1):3- Ahlborn, R. C. Mesozoic-Cenozoic structural develop­ 95. ment of the Kern Mountains, eastern Nevada-western Utah. 1977. 24(2):117-131. ___ and J. K. Rigby. Studies for students no. 10: Ge­ ologic guide to Provo Canyon and Weber Canyon, Alexander, D. W. Petrology and petrography of the Bridal Veil Limestone Member of the Oquirrh Formation at central Wasatch Mountains, Utah. 1980. 27(3):1-33. Cascade Mountain, Utah. 1978. 25(3):11-26. ___. See Chamberlain, C. K. 1973. 20(1):79-94. Anderson, R. E. Quaternary tectonics along the inter­ ___. See George, S. E. 1985. 32(1):39-61. mountain seismic belt south of Provo, Utah. 1978. ___. See Johnson, B. T. 1984. 31(1):29-46. 25(1):1-10. ___. See Young, R. B. 1984. 31(1):187-211. Anderson, S. R. Stratigraphy and structure of the Sunset Bagshaw, L. H. Paleoecology of the lower Carmel Forma- Peak area near Brighton, Utah. 1974. 21(1):131-150. tion of the San Rafael Swell, Emery County, Utah. Anderson, T. C. Compound faceted spurs and recurrent 1977. 24(2):51-62. movement in the Wasatch fault zone, north central Bagshaw, R. L. Foraminiferal abundance related to bento­ Utah. 1977. 24(2):83-101. nitic ash beds in the Tununk Member of the Mancos Armstrong, R. M. Environmental geology of the Provo­ Shale (Cretaceous) in southeasternUtah. 1977. Orem area. 1975. 22(1):39-67. 24(2):33-49.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Manipur, India
    First perissodactyl footprints from Flysch deposits of the Barail Group (Lower Oligocene) of Manipur, India Hemanta Singh Rajkumar1,∗ and Hendrik Klein2 1United College, Manipur University, Manipur, India. 2Saurierwelt Pal¨aontologisches Museum, D-92318 Neumarkt, Germany. ∗Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected] Two pes imprints of a perissodactyl mammal constituting a single step of a trackway have recently been discovered in Oligocene Flysch deposits of the Barail Group in Manipur, India. The tridactyl, mesaxonic imprints (∼7 cm in length) show strong similarities to footprints known from the Paleogene of China and can be attributed to a tapiroid, rhinocerotoid or equoid trackmaker. This is the first record of perissodactyl footprints from the Lower Oligocene of India and the first evidence of mammals in the Barail Group of the age. Remarkable is the occurrence in a marginal marine setting, whereas other known perissodactyl footprints from the Eocene–Oligocene in particular from North America, Europe and China come from fluvio-lacustrine strata. 1. Introduction Xing et al. 2013). Some trackbearing units of South America and China were originally mistaken for Compared with the footprints of Mesozoic Mesozoic deposits, but their stratigraphic age is dinosaurs, Cenozoic vertebrate traces are still now identified as Cenozoic (Lockley et al. 1999; less studied and often do not attract the same Melchor et al. 2002, 2013; DeValais and Melchor attention of ichnological research. However, in 2008). Thus far, the Cenozoic footprint record from recent years, their potential for paleobiogeography, India is scarce. From the Siwaliks of India, foot- paleoecology, and biostratigraphy was recognized, prints of Miocene artiodactyls have been described and a growing number of papers that focus espe- by West et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from the European Oligocene and Lower Miocene
    Acta Palaeobotanica 54(2): 231–247, 2014 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2014-0012 New fossil records of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from the European Oligocene and lower Miocene ZLATKO KVAČEK Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Albertov 6, CZ 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Received 15 July 2014; accepted for publication 12 November 2014 ABSTRACT. New compression leaf material of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) has been recognised in the European Cenozoic. A leaflet of Ceratozamia floersheimensis (Engelhardt) Kvaček was recovered among unidentified mate- rial from the Oligocene of Trbovlje, former Trifail, Slovenia, housed in old collections of the Austrian Geological Survey, Vienna. It is similar in morphology and epidermal anatomy to other specimens previously studied from the lower Oligocene of Flörsheim, Germany and Budapest, Hungary. A fragmentary leaflet assigned to C. hof- mannii Ettingsh. was recovered in the uppermost part of the Most Formation (Most Basin in North Bohemia, Czech Republic) and dated by magnetostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy to CHRON C5Cn.3n, that is, the latest early Miocene. It yielded excellently preserved epidermal structures, permitting confirmation of the generic affin- ity and a more precise comparison with this lower Miocene species previously known from Austria (Münzenberg, Leoben Basin) and re-investigated earlier. Both the Oligocene and Miocene populations of Ceratozamia are based on isolated disarticulated leaflets matching some living representatives in the size and slender form of the leaf- lets. Such ceratozamias thrive today in extratropical areas near the present limits of distribution of the genus along the Sierra Madre Orientale in north-eastern Mexico, in particular C.
    [Show full text]
  • Oligocene Fossil Leaves of the Perrando Collection: History, Preservation, and Paleoclimatic Meaning
    Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 50 (3), 2011, 145-164. Modena, xxx 2011145 Oligocene fossil leaves of the Perrando Collection: history, preservation, and paleoclimatic meaning Maria Cristina BONCI, Grazia VANNUCCI, Simona TACCHINO & Michele PIAZZA M.C. Bonci, Dip.Te.Ris., Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genova, Italy; [email protected] G. Vannucci, via Gattorno 1, I-16152 Genova, Italy; [email protected] S. Tacchino, via Pietro Cristofoli 3/7, I-16141 Genova, Italy; [email protected] M. Piazza, Dip.Te.Ris., Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genova, Italy; [email protected] KEY WORDS - Perrando Collection, fossil leaves, Oligocene, preservation, paleoclimatic meaning. ABSTRACT - A study of the fossil leaves contained within the Perrando Collection from the lower Oligocene sections outcropping near Santa Giustina and Sassello (Tertiary Piedmont Basin, Central Liguria, NW Italy) is presented. The specimens were collected by Don Pietro Deogratias Perrando during the period 1857-1889 and are presently housed at the University of Genoa in Italy (Department for Studies on the Territory and its Resources). The exact location of the collecting sites has been verified in the field and the history of the Collection which had been subjected to repeated damage and deterioration over time has been reconstructed. Furthermore, the complete catalogue of the collection has been reconstructed and emphasis placed on the taxa identified by Principi and Squinabol traced to date. A total of 771 fossil leaves of Dicotyledonous (Magnoliopsida) were measured in order to perform a paleoclimatic analysis utilizing the foliar physiognomy method.
    [Show full text]
  • Angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous Sediments of India Angiospermas De Sedimentos Do Cretáceo Inicial Da Índia
    123123 https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9095.v20-171976 Revista do Instituto de Geociências - USP Geol. USP, Sér. cient., São Paulo, v. 20, n. 4, p. 22-26, Dezembro 2020 Angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India Angiospermas de sedimentos do Cretáceo inicial da Índia Chinnappa Chopparapu1 , Rajanikanth Annamraju2 , Pauline Sabina Kavali3 , Sarah Gonçalves Duarte4 .(Andhra Loyola College, Department of Botany, Vijayawad-52008, Andhra Pradesh, India ([email protected] 2Ushodaya Apartments, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India ([email protected]). 2Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India ([email protected]). 4Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Agronomy Institute, Soil Departament, Seropedica, RJ, BR ([email protected]). Received on July 2, 2020; accepted on October 27, 2020 Abstract This study presents the first report of angiosperm macrofossil assemblage from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India, containing a fruit, a spike, a petal, leaves, and an axis from the Krishna Godavari Basin. This assemblage provides clues to angiosperm evolution and ecology during the Early Cretaceous of India. The described enigmatic forms are compa- rable to fruits of Trapa, and palm leaves and spikes of Potamogeton. The fossil material also includes ribbon-like leaves with a small axis; fossil remains suggest affinity with the monocotyledon group and support recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies to establish the divergence of this group from dicotyledons, during the early Cretaceous. Fossils described in the present study suggest an affinity for an aquatic environment that appears to be ideal for some early angiosperms. Keywords: Angiosperms; Evolution; Early Cretaceous; India. Resumo Este estudo constitui o primeiro relato de assembleia de macrofósseis de angiospermas a partir dos sedimentos cretáceos iniciais da Índia.
    [Show full text]
  • Leaf Polymorphism of Platanus Neptuni Mf
    Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, 2009, 2: 7-33. Received 28 May 2009; Accepted 29 Oct 2009. UDC: 561.62:551.781.5(497.113) LEAF POLYMORPHISM OF PLATANUS NEPTUNI MF. FRAXINIFOLIA (JOHNSON & GILMORE) KVAČEK & MANCHESTER FROM OLIGOCENE DEPOSITS AT JANDA (MT. FRUŠKA GORA, SERBIA) DESA DJORDJEVIĆ-MILUTINOVIĆ1, IVAN DULIĆ2 1 Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, e-mail: [email protected] 2 NIS-Naftagas, Narodnog fronta 12, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, e-mail: [email protected] The rich Oligocene flora collected at Janda (Mt. Fruška Gora, Serbia) included Lauraceae, Cupressaceae and Arecaceae, a large number of trifoliolate leaves of Platanus neptuni mf. fraxinifolia. In spite of similar dimensions (3-5 cm in length and 3-4 cm in width), these leaves are very variable in structure and the shape of leaflets and may be mesomorphic or xeromorphic, lanceolate, elliptic or obovate, with distinctly or partly irregularly serrate to sub-entire margins. These differences in leaflets were used to divide these compound leaves into three groups, which show a number of transitional forms. The structure of the association of Janda makes it particularly suitable for our study, as it is simple and well-defined. There are only four types of leaves that appear in large numbers: trifoliolate compound leaves (Platanus neptuni mf. fraxinifolia); palm leaves (Sabalites and Phoenicites); laurel-like leaves (mostly Daphnogene); and conifers (Cupressaceae). From the perspective of fossilization, the presence of compound leaves of Platanus and Arecaceae is particularly interesting, as both types of leaves have a smaller probability of fossilization in normal conditions than, for example, the simple leaves of Daphnogene or a twig of Cupressaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • BCPA Poster 74
    Paleontology Division of Geological Association of Canada BC Paleo Societies The British Columbia Paleontological Alliance Collecting Fossils Standards and Ethics for Scientific Collecting The BCPA includes six regional societies. Contact the closest one to join now! Northern British Columbia Paleontological Society (NBCPS): 725 Selwyn Cr., Prince George V2M 5H6 The British Columbia Paleontological Alliance (BCPA) is a union of professional and amateur paleontologists working to advance the science of paleontology in the province through fostering Fossils are found in many places in British Columbia. The BCPA believes strongly that Ensure that appropriate permission and/or permits have been obtained from landowners or governmental authorities before venturing to a fossil site. Leave each site as found with respect to gates, fences or constructions on the property. Practice sound environmental etiquette. Ensure that the size of field groups, as well as collecting methods employed, minimize the impact of collection on the outcrop. Thompson-Nicola Paleontological Society: PO Box 3010, Kamloops V2C 5N3 public awareness, scientific collecting and education, and by promoting communication among all those interested in fossils. fossils are a critical record of ancient life forms, of importance to us all. Fossils are Take appropriate safety precautions while collecting and carry a first aid kit in each field group. Members will not collect from Paleontological Research Sites. Collectors must record and maintain documentation of all relevant geographic and stratigraphic information for each fossil in their collections. Every effort should be made to ensure that this information is accessible to interested professional researchers. Vancouver Island Paleontological Society: PO Box 3142, Courtenay V9N 5N4 The BCPA produces a newsletter and distributes it to members, libraries and museums across British Columbia.
    [Show full text]