DOCSLIB.ORG

AFRICAN AMERICANS in TEXAS: a Lasting Legacy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

TEXAS HISTORICAL COMMISSION AFRICAN AMERICANS IN TEXAS: A Lasting Legacy A GUIDE FOR HERITAGE TRAVELERS www.africanamericansintexas.com 1 Front cover: Stained-glass window by Jean Lacy, Trinity United Methodist Church, Houston (see page 49); Back cover: Isadore Yett, longtime member of Mt. Horeb Baptist Church, Blanco (see page 36). 2 AFRICAN AMERICANS IN TEXAS: A Lasting Legacy www.africanamericansintexas.com 3 REAL STORIES FOR THE ROAD Explore the vast richness of freedmen’s communities, Rosenwald schools, family cemeteries, civil rights archives, historic neighborhoods and stops along the “Chitlin’ Circuit” with this travel guide’s mobile companion. The “African Americans in Texas” mobile tour features audio, video, additional historic images and optional nearby points of interest based on your location. It's one of several thematic tours in our Texas Time Travel Tours mobile app, which is available at www.texastimetravel.com. TexasTimeTravel.com is your statewide resource for exploring Texas’ historic and cultural treasures. Use our Plan Your Adventure tool, travel themes, events calendar, maps and travel guides to find and learn about historic, cultural and natural attractions across the 10 heritage trail regions of the Texas Historical Commission’s Texas Heritage Trails Program. The "African Americans in Texas" mobile tour is available at www.texastimetravel.com. All photos are by Randy Mallory or Texas Historical Commission staff unless otherwise credited. © 2016 Texas Historical Commission 09/16—200K 4 TABLETABLE OF OF CONTENTS CONTENTS 5 I INTRODUCTION Journey through African American Culture and Heritage in Texas 10 I TIMELINE 14 I ABOUT THIS GUIDE Texas Heritage Trails Program and Map 16 I TEXAS BRAZOS TRAIL REGION 18 I Spotlight: Education 20 I Spotlight: Bessie Coleman 21 I TEXAS FOREST TRAIL REGION 24 I Spotlight: Freedmen’s Communities 25 I TEXAS FORTS TRAIL REGION 28 I Spotlight: The Buffalo Soldiers 30 I TEXAS HILL COUNTRY TRAIL REGION 39 I Spotlight: Agriculture 40 I TEXAS INDEPENDENCE TRAIL REGION 44 I Spotlight: Barbara Jordan 51 I Spotlight: Baseball 56 I Spotlight: Texas Jazz and Blues 57 I TEXAS LAKES TRAIL REGION 64 I TEXAS MOUNTAIN TRAIL REGION 67 I TEXAS PECOS TRAIL REGION 70 I TEXAS PLAINS TRAIL REGION 71 I Spotlight: Ranching 72 I TEXAS TROPICAL TRAIL REGION The cities and sites in this guide are organized by the 10 Texas Heritage Trail Regions. Learn more and download or order other travel guides at www.texastimetravel.com. www.africanamericansintexas.com 3 44 www.thc.texas.govwww.thc.texas.gov Journey through African American culture and heritage in Texas — an experience that includes hardships and triumphs, valor and determination, influence and change. Beginning in 1528 with Estevanico (Estevan), a Spanish slave who was the first documented African-born person to traverse Texas, people of African descent have greatly influenced our state’s development through numerous political, economic and ideological contributions. By the mid-1700s, Spanish settlement in what This travel guide would become the state of attempts to capture Texas included permanent the essence of this communities, a number of important story and missions and, less commonly, enrich lives through presidios (fortifications an exploration into providing protection for nearby African American missions). African heritage history in Texas. during the early part of the Spanish period was In 1821, under Mexican represented by biracial people rule, free individuals of African (typically of European and descent were more readily African descent), some of accepted and many prospered. whom were free, along with Mexico outlawed slavery in a relatively smaller number 1829, but exempted Texas of imported slaves. to encourage economic After 1803, when the U.S. development. By 1830, acquired Louisiana, some Mexican President Anastacio slaves fled across the border to Bustamante halted the Spanish Texas seeking freedom importation of slaves by and opportunity. These former Anglo settlers; however, slaves settled predominately in many settlers bypassed this East Texas and made the best decree by making their slaves living available to them, despite indentured servants for life. racial adversity. Background: A wall panel shows William B. Travis and his slave, Joe, running during the battle with Mexican forces, the Alamo, San Antonio (see page 52). www.africanamericansintexas.comwww.africanamericansintexas.com 5 Buffalo Soldier reenactors engaged in a firing exhibit for a school group, Fort Concho, San Angelo (see page 27). Although free individuals The status of African Americans of African heritage received deteriorated sharply during the liberties under Mexican law, many nine years of the Republic, when fought with the Texians (the their lives were defined by slave term used to describe residents codes and a constitution that of Texas before annexation) did not grant them full rights as against Mexico during the Texas citizens—a situation that did not Revolution. Many historians change drastically when Texas believe these free persons of joined the Union in 1845. African descent joined the cause In 1861, Texas joined the to protect their status among the Confederacy and slavery Anglo settlers. Amid the growing continued as a backbone of the number of slaves held by the state’s war economy. Many Texians, some resisted captivity African Americans served on in passive ways, such as retaining the battlefield and helped build aspects of former African cultures. forts. Union soldiers of the Others escaped to freedom. 62nd U.S. Colored Infantry fought Samuel McCullough, Jr., a free Confederate soldiers near individual of African heritage, was Brownsville in May 1865 among the first Texians wounded at the Battle of Palmito Ranch— in the conflict during the seizure one month after the surrender of Goliad in 1835. People of of Robert E. Lee’s army at African descent also fought at Appomattox. Freedom from San Jacinto, helping Texas earn slavery came with Lincoln’s its freedom from Mexico in 1836. Emancipation Proclamation in 6 www.thc.texas.gov ratify the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which provided equal protection under the law for all citizens. The state legislature and several cities limited the civil rights and economic options of newly freed men and women by adopting restrictions known as the Black Codes that included the prohibition of office-holding, jury service and racial intermarriage. Several organizations, including the federal Freedmen’s Bureau and many religious organizations, Texas has many Buffalo attempted to provide education, Soldier-related sites. Look agricultural training and other for the Buffalo Soldier symbol in the assistance, but were met with site descriptions to follow the Buffalo much resistance from white Soldier trail of history through Texas. Texans. Racist, vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan were very active during this period. Federal intervention, including the imposition of military rule in 1867, eliminated the Black Codes and ushered in an era of substantial contributions by African Americans. Texas was With emancipation, officially readmitted to the U.S. freed slaves established in March 1870, one of the last of settlements throughout the former Confederate states to the state, as freedmen reenter the Union. At the 1868–69 and their families sought state constitutional convention, to start new lives. where 10 African Americans served as delegates, the adopted 1863, but African Americans in constitution (later replaced Texas were not made aware of by the current 1876 constitution) their freedom until June 19, protected civil rights, established 1865—now commemorated as the state’s first public education Juneteenth. Immediately, freed system and extended voting slaves established settlements rights to all men. Photographs throughout the state, as the of most of the 52 African freedmen and their families Americans who served in sought to start new lives. the Texas Senate, House The Reconstruction Era of Representatives and two (1865–1874) following the Civil constitutional conventions War was particularly challenging between 1868 and 1900 can for African Americans in Texas. An be seen in the south lobby of all-white constitutional convention the Texas Capitol. in 1866 denied suffrage even for literate African Americans, and the state legislature refused to www.africanamericansintexas.com 7 Meanwhile, both before for bravery “above and beyond and after the Civil War, the U.S. the call of duty.” government constructed a series Churches have played a of fortifications to protect settlers significant role in Texas’ African in the West from American American culture, with many Indians and others who resisted serving as anchors for the their advance. Many of these neighborhoods that developed frontier forts were protected by around them. These churches African Americans known as were often forces for positive Buffalo Soldiers, a name given change by adopting and by American Indians because persistently advocating social of the similarity of the curly hair causes. This was evident in of both the buffalo and African the struggle for education as American troopers. Some of these churches established some of far-flung and isolated posts were the first schools and colleges also home to the Black Seminole for African Americans in Texas. Scouts, descendants of early Colleges, such as Wiley College African Americans who joined in Marshall, were established by Seminole Indian tribes in Florida churches to advance
Recommended publications
  • (Extra)ORDINARY MEN

    (Extra)ORDINARY MEN

    (Extra)ORDINARY MEN: African-American Lawyers and Civil Rights in Arkansas Before 1950 Judith Kilpatrick* “The remarkable thing is not that black men attempted to regain their stolen civic rights, but that they tried over and over again, using a wide va- riety of techniques.”1 I. INTRODUCTION Arkansas has a tradition, beginning in 1865, of African- American attorneys who were active in civil rights. During the eighty years following the Emancipation Proclamation, at least sixty-nine African-American men were admitted to practice law in the state.2 They were all men of their times, frequently hold- * Associate Professor, University of Arkansas School of Law; J.S.D. 1999, LL.M. 1992, Columbia University, J.D. 1975, B.A. 1972, University of California-Berkeley. The author would like to thank the following: the historians whose work is cited here; em- ployees of The Arkansas History Commission, The Butler Center of the Little Rock Public Library, the Pine Bluff Public Library and the Helena Public Library for patience and help in locating additional resources; Patricia Cline Cohen, Professor of American History at the University of California, Santa Barbara, for reviewing the draft and providing comments; and Jon Porter (UA 1999) and Mickie Tucker (UA 2001) for their excellent research assis- tance. Much appreciation for summer research grants from the University of Arkansas School of Law in 1998 and 1999. Special thanks to Elizabeth Motherwell, of the Universi- ty of Arkansas Press, for starting me in this research direction. No claim is made as to the completeness of this record. Gaps exist and the author would appreciated receiving any information that might help to fill them.
  • NAACP) Access to Affordable Health Care Will Reduce Health Disparities Among People of Color

    NAACP) Access to Affordable Health Care Will Reduce Health Disparities Among People of Color

    National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Access to affordable health care will reduce health disparities among people of color Organization Description: Founded in 1909, NAACP is the oldest and largest civil rights organization and works to achieve political, educational, social, and economic equality for minority groups. Its goal is to eliminate racial prejudice and remove all barriers of racial discrimination through democratic processes. NAACP drives their advocacy efforts through volunteerism and partnerships with other organizations. Proposal Summary: NAACP develops national health education initiatives, engages in community outreach, and partners with national and local organizations to sponsor health campaigns. Its goal is to increase access to high quality health care for all citizens and reduce health-related disparities among people of color through policies and practices. NAACP focuses on a range of health care issues such as universal insurance coverage, obesity, HIV/AIDS, and mental health. NAACP’s health agenda is only a subset of its broader advocacy efforts in education, economic empowerment, criminal justice and other areas where it is interested in reducing racial disparities. • Coverage: Because minorities are less likely to be insured, NAACP advocates for equal access to high quality, affordable health insurance for minorities. NAACP focuses primarily on reducing disparities in health care coverage, quality, and access, but it ultimately supports equal access for all citizens. NAACP encourages African Americans to sign up for the new Medicare prescription drug benefit. In addition to health insurance, NAACP believes all citizens should have equal access to health services, medicine, and preventive care. • Wellness and Prevention: NAACP supports efforts to reduce obesity and HIV/AIDS disparities.
  • H.Doc. 108-224 Black Americans in Congress 1870-2007

    H.Doc. 108-224 Black Americans in Congress 1870-2007

    “The Negroes’ Temporary Farewell” JIM CROW AND THE EXCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS FROM CONGRESS, 1887–1929 On December 5, 1887, for the first time in almost two decades, Congress convened without an African-American Member. “All the men who stood up in awkward squads to be sworn in on Monday had white faces,” noted a correspondent for the Philadelphia Record of the Members who took the oath of office on the House Floor. “The negro is not only out of Congress, he is practically out of politics.”1 Though three black men served in the next Congress (51st, 1889–1891), the number of African Americans serving on Capitol Hill diminished significantly as the congressional focus on racial equality faded. Only five African Americans were elected to the House in the next decade: Henry Cheatham and George White of North Carolina, Thomas Miller and George Murray of South Carolina, and John M. Langston of Virginia. But despite their isolation, these men sought to represent the interests of all African Americans. Like their predecessors, they confronted violent and contested elections, difficulty procuring desirable committee assignments, and an inability to pass their legislative initiatives. Moreover, these black Members faced further impediments in the form of legalized segregation and disfranchisement, general disinterest in progressive racial legislation, and the increasing power of southern conservatives in Congress. John M. Langston took his seat in Congress after contesting the election results in his district. One of the first African Americans in the nation elected to public office, he was clerk of the Brownhelm (Ohio) Townshipn i 1855.
  • 2019 Holiday Programming.Pdf

    2019 Holiday Programming.Pdf

    PICK UP YOUR HOLIDAY BROCHURES AND POSTERS AT PARK BOARD PLAZA OR CALL 409.797.5151. November 15, 2019 - January 12, 2020 ONGOING HOLIDAY EVENTS AN EVENING WITH WILLIE CHARLES DICKENS’ A SANTA HUSTLE HALF NELSON & FAMILY AT THE CHRISTMAS CAROL AT THE MARATHON & 5K SANTA SIGHTINGS ISLAND ETC PRESENTS: A TUNA GRAND GRAND Dec 15 CHRISTMAS Nov 19 Dec 6 – 7 PHOTOS WITH SANTA AT Nov 8 – 30 THE 5 BROWNS – HOLIDAY AT MOODY GARDENS VIENNA BOYS CHOIR – VICTORIAN HOLIDAY HOMES THE GRAND Nov 16 – Dec 24 GALVESTON RAILROAD CHRISTMAS IN VIENNA AT THE TOUR Dec 21 MUSEUM PRESENTS THE POLAR GRAND Dec 6 SANTA AT THE GRAND 1894 EXPRESS™ TRAIN RIDE Nov 22 DON’T DROP THE BALL! NEW OPERA HOUSE (EDNA’S ROOM Nov 15 – Dec 29 PIPE ORGAN EXTRAVAGANZA AT YEAR’S CELEBRATION AT HOLIDAY ART MARKET) JASTON WILLIAMS IN BLOOD & TRINITY EPISCOPAL CHURCH ROSENBERG LIBRARY Nov 30 FREE HOLIDAY IN THE GARDENS HOLLY – CHRISTMAS WEST OF Dec 7 Dec 26 FREE Nov 16 – Jan 12 THE PECOS AT THE GRAND SUNDAY BRUNCH WITH SANTA OLIVER’S ALLEY, AT DICKEN’S RUDOLPH, THE RED-NOSED AT HOTEL GALVEZ MOODY GARDENS ICE LAND: Nov 23 – 24 ON THE STRAND SPONSORED REINDEER AT THE GRAND Dec 1, 8, 15 & 22 CHRISTMAS AROUND THE HOTEL GALVEZ HOLIDAY BY GALVESTON CHILDREN’S Dec 28 WORLD LIGHTING CELEBRATION MUSEUM FAMILY FREE NIGHT WITH Nov 16 – Jan 12 Nov 29 FREE Dec 7 – 8 HAPPY NEW YEAR, VIENNA SANTA AT THE GALVESTON STYLE! GALVESTON SYMPHONY CHILDREN’S MUSEUM MOODY GARDENS FESTIVAL ARTWALK FAMILY DAY AT THE OCEAN ORCHESTRA AT THE GRAND Dec 5 OF LIGHTS Nov 30 FREE STAR DRILLING RIG MUSEUM Jan 5 FREE Nov
  • Black Seminoles Vs. Red Seminoles

    Black Seminoles Vs. Red Seminoles

    Black Seminoles vs. Red Seminoles Indian tribes across the country are reaping windfall profits these days, usually from gambling operations. But some, like the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, are getting rich from belated government payouts for lands taken hundreds of years ago. What makes the Seminoles unique is that this tribe, unlike any other, has existed for nearly three centuries as a mixture of Indians and blacks, runaway slaves who joined the Indians as warriors in Florida. Together, they fought government troops in some of the bloodiest wars in U.S. history. In the late 1830s, they lost their land, and were forced to a new Indian home in present-day Oklahoma. Over the years, some tribe members have intermarried, blurring the color lines even further. Now the government is paying the tribe $56 million for those lost Florida lands, and the money is threatening to divide a nation. Seminole Chief Jerry Haney says the black members of the tribe are no longer welcome. After 300 years together, the chief says the tribe wants them to either prove they're Indian, or get out. Harsh words from the Seminole chief for the 2,000 black members of this mixed Indian tribe. In response, the black members say they're just as much a Seminole as Haney is. www.jupiter.fl.us/history On any given Sunday, go with Loretta Guess to the Indian Baptist church in Seminole County, Okla., and you'll find red and black Seminoles praying together, singing hymns in Seminole, sharing meals, and catching up on tribal news.
  • Appendix B. Scoping Report

    Appendix B. Scoping Report

    Appendix B. Scoping Report VALERO CRUDE BY RAIL PROJECT Scoping Report Prepared for November 2013 City of Benicia VALERO CRUDE BY RAIL PROJECT Scoping Report Prepared for November 2013 City of Benicia 550 Kearny Street Suite 800 San Francisco, CA 94104 415.896.5900 www.esassoc.com Los Angeles Oakland Olympia Petaluma Portland Sacramento San Diego Seattle Tampa Woodland Hills 202115.01 TABLE OF CONTENTS Valero Crude By Rail Project Scoping Report Page 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 2. Description of the Project ........................................................................................... 2 Project Summary ........................................................................................................... 2 3. Opportunities for Public Comment ............................................................................ 2 Notification ..................................................................................................................... 2 Public Scoping Meeting ................................................................................................. 3 4. Summary of Scoping Comments ................................................................................ 3 Commenting Parties ...................................................................................................... 3 Comments Received During the Scoping Process ........................................................ 4 Appendices
  • Slavery in the United States - Wikipedia Page 1 of 25

    Slavery in the United States - Wikipedia Page 1 of 25

    Slavery in the United States - Wikipedia Page 1 of 25 Slavery in the United States Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries. Slavery had been practiced by Americans under British rule from early colonial days, and was legal in all Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. It lasted until the end of the American Civil War. By the time of the American Revolution (1775–1783), the status of slave had been institutionalized as a racial caste associated with African ancestry.[1] When the United States Constitution was ratified (1789), a relatively small number of free people of color were among the voting citizens (male property owners).[2] During and immediately following the Revolutionary War, abolitionist laws were passed in most Northern states and a movement developed to abolish slavery. Most of these states had a higher proportion of free labor than in the South and economies based on different industries. They abolished slavery by the end of the 18th century, some with gradual systems that kept adults as slaves for two decades. However, the rapid expansion of the cotton industry in the Deep South after the invention of the cotton gin greatly increased demand for slave labor, and the An animation showing when United States territories and states Southern states continued as slave societies. Those states attempted to extend slavery into the new Western forbade or allowed slavery, 1789–1861.
  • THE CONNERS of WACO: BLACK PROFESSIONALS in TWENTIETH CENTURY TEXAS by VIRGINIA LEE SPURLIN, B.A., M.A

    THE CONNERS of WACO: BLACK PROFESSIONALS in TWENTIETH CENTURY TEXAS by VIRGINIA LEE SPURLIN, B.A., M.A

    THE CONNERS OF WACO: BLACK PROFESSIONALS IN TWENTIETH CENTURY TEXAS by VIRGINIA LEE SPURLIN, B.A., M.A. A DISSERTATION IN HISTORY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved ~r·rp~(n oj the Committee li =:::::.., } ,}\ )\ •\ rJ <. I ) Accepted May, 1991 lAd ioi r2 1^^/ hJo 3? Cs-^.S- Copyright Virginia Lee Spurlin, 1991 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation is a dream turned into a reality because of the goodness and generosity of the people who aided me in its completion. I am especially grateful to the sister of Jeffie Conner, Vera Malone, and her daughter, Vivienne Mayes, for donating the Conner papers to Baylor University. Kent Keeth, Ellen Brown, William Ming, and Virginia Ming helped me immensely at the Texas Collection at Baylor. I appreciated the assistance given me by Jene Wright at the Waco Public Library. Rowena Keatts, the librarian at Paul Quinn College, deserves my plaudits for having the foresight to preserve copies of the Waco Messenger, a valuable took for historical research about blacks in Waco and McLennan County. The staff members of the Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Texas State Library in Austin along with those at the Prairie View A and M University Library gave me aid, information, and guidance for which I thank them. Kathy Haigood and Fran Thompson expended time in locating records of the McLennan County School District for me. I certainly appreciated their efforts. Much appreciation also goes to Robert H. demons, the county school superintendent.
  • Black Recipients of the Medal of Honor from the Frontier Indian Wars

    Black Recipients of the Medal of Honor from the Frontier Indian Wars

    National Historic Site National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Fort Davis BLACK RECIPIENTS OF THE MEDAL OF HONOR FROM THE FRONTIER INDIAN WARS The Medal of Honor is the highest award that can be July 9, 1870, just six weeks after the engagements with given to a member of the Armed Services of the United the Apaches, Emanuel Stance was awarded the Medal of States. It is presented by the president, in the name of Honor. Congress, to an individual who while serving his country “distinguished himself conspicuously by gallantry and George Jordan served at Fort Davis with the Ninth intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the Cavalry from April 1868 to May 1871. During this time, call of duty.” The Medal of Honor was authorized in he was often in the field scouting for the elusive 1862 and first presented in 1863 to soldiers and sailors Apaches and Comanches who were raiding in western who demonstrated extraordinary examples of courage in Texas and southeastern New Mexico. On the Civil War. one occasion he was part of a two-hundred-man force Devotion to Duty detailed to track a party of Mescalero Apaches in the Guadalupe Mountains. The experience Jordan gained Between 1865 and 1899, the Medal of Honor was proved invaluable. On May 14, 1880 Sergeant Jordan, in awarded to 417 men who served in the frontier Indian command of a small detachment of soldiers, defended Campaigns. Eighteen of the medals were earned by men Tularosa, New Mexico Territory, against the Apache of African-American descent.
  • Texas Forts Trail Region

    Texas Forts Trail Region

    CatchCatch thethe PioPionneereer SpiritSpirit estern military posts composed of wood and While millions of buffalo still roamed the Great stone structures were grouped around an Plains in the 1870s, underpinning the Plains Indian open parade ground. Buildings typically way of life, the systematic slaughter of the animals had included separate officer and enlisted troop decimated the vast southern herd in Texas by the time housing, a hospital and morgue, a bakery and the first railroads arrived in the 1880s. Buffalo bones sutler’s store (provisions), horse stables and still littered the area and railroads proved a boon to storehouses. Troops used these remote outposts to the bone trade with eastern markets for use in the launch, and recuperate from, periodic patrols across production of buttons, meal and calcium phosphate. the immense Southern Plains. The Army had other motivations. It encouraged Settlements often sprang up near forts for safety the kill-off as a way to drive Plains Indians onto and Army contract work. Many were dangerous places reservations. Comanches, Kiowas and Kiowa Apaches with desperate characters. responded with raids on settlements, wagon trains and troop movements, sometimes kidnapping individuals and stealing horses and supplies. Soldiers stationed at frontier forts launched a relentless military campaign, the Red River War of 1874–75, which eventually forced Experience the region’s dramatic the state’s last free Native Americans onto reservations in present-day Oklahoma. past through historic sites, museums and courthouses — as well as historic downtowns offering unique shopping, dining and entertainment. ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ 2 The westward push of settlements also relocated During World War II, the vast land proved perfect cattle drives bound for railheads in Kansas and beyond.
  • Galveston, Texas

    Galveston, Texas

    EAST TEXAS HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION SPRING 2013 MEETING MOODY GARDENS HOTEL GALVESTON, TEXAS FEBRUARY 21 – 23, 201 EAST TEXAS HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS SPRING PROGRAM Moody Gardens Hotel Seven Hope Boulevard Galveston, Texas 77554 RESERVATION BY FEBUARY 8, PLEASE (888-388-8484) PROGRAM THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 2013 BOARD OF DIRECTORS’ MEETING 3:00 – 4: 30 P.M. 9TH Floor Board Meeting Room FIRST TIMERS’ AND WELCOME RECEPTION 5:00 – 6:30 P.M. Hors D’Oeuvres 9TH Floor Viewfinders Terrace Chilled Gulf Shrimp with Red & Remo lade Sauces Asparagus with Asia go in Phyllo Cash Bar FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2013 REGISTRATION – FOYER 8:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M. SILENT AUCTION – FOYER 8:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M. SESSION 1 – SALON F 9:00 A.M. – 10:15 A.M. Origins of Modern Texas Gene B. Preuss, University of Houston-Downtown, Presiding Samuel Zachry, San Jacinto College “Galveston During World War II: How the War and the Island Affected Each Other” Stefan Balciunas, San Jacinto College “A Look into the Life of Denton A. Cooley” Alex LaRotta, Texas State University- San Marcos “The Roots of Early Rock ‘n Roll & Rockabilly in Texas” SESSION 2 – SALON G 9:00 A.M. – 10:15 A.M. Three Conflicts in the Galveston Area During the War and Reconstruction Chuck Parsons, Presiding Pat Parsons, Luling “Saluria: Port City Lost in the Rebellion” Donald Willett, Texas A&M University-Galveston “African American Casualities at the Battle of Galveston, January 1, 1863” Donaly E. Brice, Texas State Archives “Gunfire at Huntsville and Martial Law in Walker County” SESSION 3 – SALON H 9:00 – 10:15 A.M.
  • Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed – Hydrologic Simulation

    Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed – Hydrologic Simulation

    TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Executive Summary …………………………………………………….. 1 2.0 Introduction …………………………………………………………….. 2 3.0 Watershed Description ……………………………………………………. 3 Topography and Drainage ……………………………………. 3 Geology ……………………………………………………. 4 Population ……………………………………………………. 4 Climate ……………………………………………………. 5 Land Use ……………………………………………………. 8 Wildlife ……………………………………………………. 8 Vegetation ……………………………………………………. 9 4.0 Hydrology …………………………………………………………….. 13 Surface Water ……………………………………………………. 14 Springs ………………………………………………….… 16 Groundwater Levels ……………………………………………. 16 Geology ……………………………………………………. 18 Existing Surface Water Hydrology ……………………………. 19 Existing Groundwater Hydrology ……………………………. 19 Description of the Hydrologic System ……………………. 22 5.0 Summary and Conclusions ……………………………………. 24 References ……………………….………………………………….… 25 Appendix A - Brush/Water Yield Feasibility Studies II Appendix B - Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed – Hydrologic Simulation Appendix C - Assessing the Economic Feasibility of Brush Control to Enhance Off-Site Water Yield Appendix D – Lake Fort Phantom Hill Watershed – Economic Analysis List of Tables Table 3.1 Population Trends for Jones and Taylor Counties……………….. 5 Table 3.2 Monthly Temperatures, Precipitation, and Evaporation of the ….. 7 Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed List of Figures Figure 3.1 Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed ………………..….. 3 Figure 3.2 Aquifers in the Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed …… 4 Figure 3.3 Natural Regions of Texas …………………………………… 6 Figure 3.4 Fort Phantom Hill Reservoir Watershed