100°E 105°E 95°E Conservation Outcomes Mountains of Southwest scale: 1/1,525,000 25 0 25 50 75 100 projection: Lambert Equal Area Azimuthal central meridian: 98.5° east longitude kilometers standard parallels: 29° north latitude

Sanjiangyuan NR (including Longbaotan) Ganligahai-Zecha hotspot boundary protected area H u a NR n g H e † Dali Dali Key Biodiversity Area town B (extent, geographic extent unavailable) (national capitals underlined) Tiebu a NR i l o T n g o n J candidate Key Biodiversity Area * g i a Leiwuqi NR country border t n g (extent, geographic extent unavailable) i a Axia n H e Xiaman Zheduo Shan Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) site river NR (extent, geographic extent unavailable) a

Changshagongma NR Babso Chagangliang NR Nature Reserve lake Huang He Shouqu Dalu † Key Biodiversity Areas are targets for achieving site-level conservation n NR outcomes. CEPF funding is not available for marine conservation. Baihe NR * candidate Key Biodiversity Areas are research priorities i Wujiao NR Caodi

h NR Riganqiao NR Jian Shan NR

Mantangze Yuhe NR C H I N A Wang C NR Lang Maozhai data: The political and geographic designations NR NR University shown on this map do not imply the Gyegu Aloa Birdlife International expression of any opinion on behalf of Center for Applied Biodiversity Science at CEPF or any of its partners concerning the Baishui Jiang NR Conservation International, Arlington, VA USA legal status or deliniation of the frontiers of Yanboyezeshan Huanglong Chinese Academy of Science (the Institute of Zoology and any country, territory or area. the Institute of Biology) t NR NR Zhongmiao Conservation International - China Longdishui NR Global Shoreline Database, January 2001, Veridian (GDAIS) The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund Luoxu NR Harvard University (CEPF) is a joint initiative of Conservation s Dongyanggou NR Forest Academy International, the Global Environment Xuebaoding NR Sichuan Forest Department Facility, the Government of Japan, the Nianlong Sichuan University MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. NR Tangjiahe NR The Nature Conservancy A fundamental goal of CEPF is to ensure e Baiyang NR Xiaohegou NR VMap0, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency civil society is engaged in biodiversity Sandagu Xihua Normal University conservation. NR Baiyangxiang Pingwu Nanmoqie this map was produced by the w Xiaozhaizi Dujingla NR Conservation Mapping Program NR M.Denil - Chief Cartographer NR Baicaohe K.Koenig - Cartographer Kasongdu NR Baodinggou NR Center for Applied Biodiversity Science h Xinluhai NR Qingpianhe Piankou NR Keluodong Conservation International NR 2011 Crystal Drive Arlington, VA 22202 t © April 2007 Maerkangminjiangbai Weimenggoukou Qianfoshan NR Z NR a u Longxihongkou NR Q Duopugou NR u Jiudingshan NR (Mianzhu) Kaniang NR Dze-Chyu River Jiudingshan NR () o Zhariyongkang NR Zhuzhanggou Amula NR Kasha Hu NR Hongbaichang NR Miyaluo NR

S Caopo NR Hejia Shan Leiwuqi NR Ribaxue Shan NR Yuke NR Arengou NR Mosika The CEPF Niche for Investment

NR The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund matrix of land types required to conserve broad- J i Yirigou NR Wolong NR n Zhailong NR Baishuihe NR s Chaqingsongduo NR Longchi (CEPF) and Conservation International (CI) use scale ecological processes and to meet the h Yingxiu Qamdo a "conservation outcomes" as the scientific needs of area-demanding species (those that f Xionglong Siguniangshan NR J underpinning for focusing conservation are wide-ranging, migratory, or found in low i NR Sa a investment geographically and thematically. densities). A subset of the globally threatened lw ee n n Taizhangou Huangshuihe g Taianhe These outcomes comprise the effective species found in Southwest China were

o NR Youyi Santaiding conservation of a set of species, sites, and identified as requiring action at the broader Fengtongzhai NR NR Anzihe NR broader-scale corridors (landscapes or landscape scale, either because they were area seascapes) that is essential for preventing demanding, or because they were vulnerable to

Mailajiangcuo Yunhuashan Chengdu NR biodiversity loss. Identifying targets for achieving changes in hydrological processes. Area these conservation outcomes ensures that requirements for the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda Jintangkongyu Xihe Heishuihe NR (Dayi) s Zhaogaishen conservation action focuses on the species at melanoleuca, EN) and the Black Snub-Nosed NR Dachuan Rhinopithecus bieti Shan NR Langcun NR the greatest risk of extinction, and on the sites Monkey ( , EN) were mapped and landscapes that are most important for their to inform decision makers in better managing Taizhangou NR Pengdaxiang protection. The targets also provide a baseline areas currently not under legal protection. Work n Cuobugou NR Heishuihe NR (Lushan) Labahe NR against which the success of investments can be on the identification of targets and actions at the measured. This map depicts the geographic landscape scale will continue to be refined as i Zheduo Shan targets for achieving conservation outcomes in data become available. Southwest China, including within the Mountains 30°N of Southwest China Biodiversity Hotspot. Since resources for biodiversity conservation are a 30°N Erlang Shan limited, there is a need to further prioritize (Tianquan) In 2004, Conservation International initiated the among these targets. At the species level, t identification of these data-driven conservation prioritization should identify the most highly M L Gexigou NR H o a Haizih Shan NR i u n targets for Southwest China. This analysis was threatened species requiring urgent species- m n c a ta a carried out in collaboration the following specific conservation action. At the site level, la i n Sanhe y n g partners: Beijing University, Birdlife International, KBAs can be prioritized according to their n a s Genieshen Shan Wawushan NR H o J the Sichuan Forest Academy, the Chinese irreplaceability and vulnerability. At the top of the f i o a NR t S n Zhubalong NR Academy of Science (the Institute of Zoology list are sites identified by the Alliance for Zero s o Erlang Shan p g u and the Chengdu Institute of Biology), Sichuan Extinction (AZE) (www.zeroextinction.org), o (Lu Ding) Paochaowan u Yaluzangbudaxiagu NR t t Emei Shan Natural and h Gonggai Shan University, Xihua Normal University, Harvard where species are facing imminent extinction. Gongbu NR w Historical Heritage Site e NR Ganheba University, Sichuan Forest Department, and The AZE sites contain 95 percent or more of the s Gonggai Shan Nature Conservancy. Numerous other global population of one or more Critically a t (Kangding) NR (Shimian) o r C t institutions and experts also provided data and Endangered or Endangered species. A total of u h p i Washan a n M reviewed the results of this analysis. This work seven AZE sites have been identified in m a X Daqiao h Caokexieluo i n ra Gemu NR i builds upon and refines the results of the 55 Southwest China (highlighted on the map in B a J Liziping NR i Important Bird Areas (IBAs) identified in 2004 by red). n Wahuishan Hongba a s n M Cizhu g Birdlife International. In the future, a network of h NR NR Markam Niding NR Suochong NR u local biological research institutions, Donors, governments, and nongovernmental i NR Ma'an Shan conservation NGOs, universities, and organizations must safeguard biodiversity in H Shangluba

(Mangkang) Meigu Dafengding NR government agencies will aid in the refinement Southwest China through a range of Zayu NR (Chayucibagou) e Yaluo Xianjiapu Gunba NR Ma'an Shan and monitoring of these conservation targets. conservation activities. A few globally and Cizhu Fuozhudaxiaogu NR Ping Shan Wuzhi Shan I N D I A Gajinxue Wannianxue Ma' threatened species will require species-specific

Bamei Conservation targets at the species level are action, such as disease mitigation or controlling Shan NR NR Laojunshan NR 95°E those that are globally threatened with invasive species. Most investment, however, will Yele NR · Mawu NR extinction, meeting the criteria of Critically need to be at the site level, to safeguard the Daqiaoshuiku Mabian Pingshan Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable habitats in which threatened species are found. Roster of Key Biodiversity Areas NR Puxiong in Dafengding NR † Nayahe Yuexi County according to the IUCN Red List. Based on the Safeguarding a KBA may involve declaring a Denotes Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) site Wuyapuya Leimaping

2004 Red List, a total of 393 threatened species new protected area, expanding or strengthening * Denotes candidate KBA Tongluoba NR are found in Southwest China. management in an existing protected area, Matoushan Shenguozhuang NR Jueluohuo * 1 Amula Nature Reserve 52 Gexigou Nature Reserve 104 Mahu Mahu initiating community-based conservation and 2 Anzihe Nature Reserve 53 Gongbu Nature Reserve 105 Mailajiangcuo Nature Reserve * Zuantianpo Targets at the site level are termed Key resource management, promoting ecotourism, or * 3 Arengou Nature Reserve 54 Gonggai Shan Nature Reserve (Kangding) 106 Mamize Nature Reserve Xiaoyong NR Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), or sites of global a number of other initiatives. At the landscape 4 Axia 55 Gonggai Shan Nature Reserve (Shimian) * 107 Mantangze Nature Reserve Mamize NR significance for biodiversity conservation. KBAs level, conservation will include fostering land 5 Babso 56 Gunba Nature Reserve 108 Maozhai Nature Reserve s * Muli (Ma'an Shan) are sites that are actually or potentially uses that maintain key ecosystem processes 6 Baicaohe 57 Haba Xueshan Nature Reserve 109 Markam Nature Reserve (Mangkang) 7 Baihe Nature Reserve 58 Haizih Shan Nature Reserve 110 Matou Shan Yading manageable for conservation, identified using and that are compatible with the needs of area- t Wulianfeng Forests globally standard criteria and thresholds. They demanding species (for instance, agroforestry). 8 Baima Xueshan Nature Reserve * 59 Haiziping Nature Reserve * 111 Mawu Nature Reserve †155 Wang Lang Nature Reserve NR o Sanjiangkou p e Baima are based on the occurrence of species 9 Baishui Jiang Nature Reserve 60 Heishuihe Nature Reserve (Dayi) 112 Meigu Dafengding Nature Reserve 156 Wannianxue s 10 Baishuihe Nature Reserve 61 Heishuihe Nature Reserve (Lushan) 113 Miyaluo Nature Reserve 157 Washan Xueshan t requiring safeguard at the site scale: globally CEPF's niche for investment in Southwest China o

11 Baiyang Nature Reserve 62 Hejia Shan 114 Mosika Nature Reserve 158 Wawu Shan Nature Reserve H

* NR threatened species, restricted-range species and has been to foster the growth and development

12 Baiyangxiang * 63 Heqing Zhaoxiamingshen Nature Reserve † 115 Muli (Ma'an Shan) *159 Weibao Shan Nature Reserve Napa Hai NR a globally significant congregations of species. A of local and regional civil society organizations. n

13 Baluohetou-Xianrendong 64 Hongba Nature Reserve * 116 Nanmoqie Nature Reserve 160 Weimenggoukou i total of 141 KBAs were identified for threatened By engaging NGOs, research institutions, h Haiziping NR m 14 Bamei 65 Hongbaichang 117 Napa Hai Nature Reserve 161 Wolong Nature Reserve Nongzihetou- amphibians, mammals, birds, reptiles, and universities, community groups, the private 15 Baodinggou Nature Reserve 66 Huang He Shouqu Nature Reserve 118 Nayahe 162 Wujiao Nature Reserve Badihetou C Bitahai NR t freshwater fish, as well as for restricted-range sector, and individuals, CEPF hopes to generate 16 Biluo Xueshan 67 Huanglong Nature Reserve * 119 Nianlong Nature Reserve 163 Wulianfeng Forests s Shiba Lugu Hu NR (Sichuan) e and congregatory birds, using confirmed locality momentum for biodiversity conservation.

o 17 Bitahai Nature Reserve 68 Huangshuihe 120 Niding Nature Reserve 164 Wuyapuya * * Tongluohetou Xiangguqing Lugu Hu NR (Yunnan) w h data for each target species. Data on additional Specific strategic directions and investment 18 Cang Shan Erhai Nature Reserve 69 Jian Shan Nature Reserve 121 Nongzihetou-Badihetou 165 Xiaman Nature Reserve t u 19 Caodi * 70 Jinguangsi Nature Reserve 122 Paochaowan 166 Xiangguqing Himalaya o Dashanbao Heijinghe NR restricted range and congregatory species will priorities identified by CEPF can be found in the Gehuaqing S c 20 Caokexieluo 71 Jinsichang 123 Pengdaxiang 167 Xianjiapu be incorporated as they become available. KBA Mountains of Southwest China Ecosystem Indo- Hotspot Baluohetou- f 21 Caopo Nature Reserve 72 Jintangkongyu Nature Reserve 124 Piankou Nature Reserve 168 Xiaohegou Nature Reserve o Xianrendong boundaries were delineated based on Profile (www.cepf.net). Burma s 22 Chagangliang 73 Jiuding Shan Nature Reserve (Mianzhu) 125 Ping Shan Wuzhi Shan *169 Xiaoyong Nature Reserve information on the habitat requirements of t Dacaoba-Gema n Hotspot i * 23 Changshagongma Nature Reserve 74 Jiuding Shan Nature Reserve (Shifang) 126 Pingwu 170 Xiaozhaizi Nature Reserve 105°E t a species, along with data on land management With dramatic variations in climate and 24 Changyan Shan 75 Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve † 127 Puxiong in Yuexi County 171 Xihe Gaoligong Shan NR Haba Xueshan NR un o Zemulong Yao Shan NR units. Protected area boundaries were used topography, the Mountains of Southwest China 25 Chaqingsongduo Nature Reserve * 76 Jizu Shan Nature Reserve 128 Qianfoshan Nature Reserve *172 Xinluhai Nature Reserve (Fen Shui Ling Valley) M † where available. For unprotected sites, county Hotspot is one of the most biologically rich areas u 26 Cibihu Nature Reserve 77 Jueluohuo 129 Qiaojia Xian 173 Xionglong Nature Reserve * * M Y A N M A R boundaries were used as an additional tool to on earth. However, the spectacular endemic 27 Cizhu 78 Kangding 130 Qingpianhe 174 Xuebaoding Nature Reserve Yulongxue Shan NR aid delineation, since much conservation species of the region are succumbing to intense * 28 Cuobugou Nature Reserve * 79 Kaniang Nature Reserve *131 Ribaxue Shan Nature Reserve *175 Xueshanheshuiyuanhanya Nature Reserve 29 Dacaoba-Gema 80 Kasha Hu Nature Reserve 132 Riganqiao Nature Reserve *176 Yading Nature Reserve Qiaojia Xian management occurs at the level of the county; pressure from wildlife trade, and from 30 Dachuan * 81 Kasongdu Nature Reserve *133 Sandagu Nature Reserve 177 Yaluo as a result, there are a large number of adjacent development activities such as dam

O ( B U R M A ) 31 Dalu * 82 Keluodong Nature Reserve 134 Sanhe 178 Yaluzangbudaxiagu Nature Reserve KBAs. In addition, 58 sites were identified as construction, overgrazing, and firewood 32 Dapingzi 83 Labahe Nature Reserve 135 Sanjiangkou 179 Yanboyeze Shan Nature Reserve Jinsichang Lashi Hai NR Candidate KBAs, or research priorities; if new collection. Targeted conservation investment is 33 Daqiao * 84 Langcun Nature Reserve 136 Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve 180 Yao Shan Nature Reserve Biluo data confirm the presence of target species urgently needed to combat these threats. * 34 Daqiaoshuiku Nature Reserve * 85 Laojun Shan Nature Reserve (including Longbaotan) 181 Yele Nature Reserve Xueshan within these sites, they too will become priorities 35 Dashanbao Heijinghe Nature Reserve 86 Lasha Shan 137 Santaiding 182 Yingxiu for conservation action (KBAs). For more information, please refer to 36 Dongyanggou Nature Reserve 87 Lashi Hai Nature Reserve 138 Shangluba 183 Yirigou Nature Reserve * www.cepf.net, www.conservation.org, * 37 Dujingla Nature Reserve 88 Leimaping 139 Shenguozhuang Nature Reserve *184 Yongguosi Nature Reserve n Heqing Zhaoxiamingshen NR Targets at the landscape level are termed www.biodiversityhotspots.org, www.redlist.org, * 38 Duopugou Nature Reserve * 89 Leiwuqi Nature Reserve 140 Shiba *185 Youyi Nature Reserve Dapingzi 39 Dze-Chyu River 90 Liziping Nature Reserve * 141 Shibao Shan Nature Reserve 186 Yuhe Nature Reserve "biodiversity conservation corridors" and aim to www.birdlife.org, and www.zeroextinction.org. † 40 Emei Shan Natural and Historical Heritage Site 91 Longchi * 142 Shuimu Shan Nature Reserve *187 Yuke Nature Reserve Shibao Shan NR ensure the persistence of threatened species 41 Erlang Shan (Lu Ding) 92 Longdishui Nature Reserve 143 Siguniang Shan Nature Reserve o *188 Yulongxue Shan Nature Reserve and KBAs. Terrestrial corridors comprise a 42 Erlang Shan (Tianquan) 93 Longma Shan 144 Suochong Nature Reserve 189 Yunhua Shan Changyan Shan 43 Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve 94 Longxihongkou Nature Reserve 145 Taianhe 190 Zayü Nature Reserve (Chayucibagou) e i tz 44 Fuozhudaxiaogu Nature Reserve 95 Lugu Hu Nature Reserve (Sichuan) * 146 Taijiding Nature Reserve 191 Zemulong ng Lasha Shan Ya * 45 Gajinxue Shan Nature Reserve 96 Lugu Hu Nature Reserve (Yunnan) * 147 Taizhanggou Nature Reserve *192 Zhailong Nature Reserve t 46 Ganheba 97 Luopingniaodiao Shan Nature Reserve 148 Tangjiahe Nature Reserve 193 Zhaogaishen Shan Nature Reserve * * Longma Shan Cibihu NR 47 Ganligahai-Zecha Nature Reserve * 98 Luoxu Nature Reserve * 149 Tanhua Shan Nature Reserve *194 Zhariyongkang Nature Reserve † 48 Gaoligong Shan Nature Reserve 99 Ma'an Shan * 150 Tianchi Nature Reserve †195 Zheduo Shan (Fen Shui Ling Valley) 100 Ma'an Shan and Cizhu 151 Tiebu Nature Reserve 196 Zhongmiao Luopingniaodiao a 49 Gehuaqing 101 Ma'an Shan Nature Reserve * 152 Tongluoba Nature Reserve *197 Zhubalong Nature Reserve Shan NR 50 Gemu Nature Reserve 102 Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve 153 Tongluohetou *198 Zhuzhanggou Nature Reserve Conservation Outcomes Jizu Shan NR 51 Genieshen Shan Nature Reserve 103 Maerkangminjiangbai Nature Reserve 154 Wahui Shan Nature Reserve 199 Zuantianpo * Tianchi NR v Cang Shan Erhai NR Tanhua Shan NR r Xueshanheshuiyuanhanya NR Mountains of Southwest China Dali

e 23 April 2007 Jinguangsi NR Shuimu Shan NR Key Biodiversity Areas with Change in Protection Status of Key Protected Status in Southwest China Biodiversity Areas in Southwest China s Aloa Gyegu Aloa Yongguosi NR By assessing the percentage of Key Biodiversity This figure demonstrates trends in the percentage 1/1,525,000 exten Gyegu t of an Areas (KBAs) with formally protected status we of KBAs and AZE sites under some form of legal alysis Taijiding NR can analyze one measure of progress towards protection for the time period 1996-2006.

n protecting the most important sites for Weibao Shan NR preventing biodiversity loss. Safeguarding 60 unprotected KBAs as well as strengthening KBAs (n=141) AZE sites (n=7) Qamdo Baoshan 55 h t o Qamdo management and governance regimes of i

25°N w Chengdu

Chengdu 25°N existing protected KBAs are a high conservation s s 50 e

I u t t n i a investment priority. s t d s E o

Z 45 - n A C o

B i t d u c Currently 72 of 141 KBAs, or 51% of KBAs, n e t r a 40

m o g s on benefit from official safeguard status in the r A k p a e l B a H M Southwest China Hotspot. This figure includes 2 K 35

f m

o r o

t o s of 7 Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) sites: f %

p 30 Pingshan Pingshan l

o a t Gaoligong Shan Nature Reserve (Fen Shui Ling t o Topography Biodiversity hotspots are regions Valley) and Wang Lang Nature Reserve. As this T 25 Xichang that harbor especially high numbers figure shows, no AZE sites have been granted s Elevation (in meters) 20 i s of endemic species and, at the protected status within the last 10 years. y Xichang l 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 a 8000 100°E n

a same time, have been significantly Year of Protected Area Establishment f

o

t impacted by human activities. Each A total of 69 KBAs presently lack formal n 5000

e t x hotspot faces extreme threats and protected status. Five of these are AZE sites; e 4000 has already lost at least 70 percent Muli (Ma’an Shan), , Puxiong in of its original natural vegetation. Yuexi County, Qiaojia Xian and Zheduo Shan. 3000 Over 50 percent of the world’s plant These sites should be considered the highest priority areas for immediate investment. While Dali Dali species and 42 percent of all 2000 terrestrial vertebrate species are conservation action to safeguard these KBAs Baoshan could take the form of designating formal Forest Cover (2000) 1000 endemic to the biodiversity image resolution: 28.5 meters Baoshan Kunming hotspots, making them urgent protected areas, community based management data: Peking University and CI/CABS priorities for biodiversity or some other conservation intervention may be scale: 1/60,000,000 100 0 100 200 300 Guangnan conservation at a global scale. most appropriate for some sites. projection: Lambert Equal Area Azimuthal scale: 1/8,000,000 central meridian: 98.5° east longitude kilometers Guangnan data: GTOPO30 and SRTM standard parallels: 29° north latitude