Implication Mщdico-Lщgale Des Toxiques D'origine Vщgщtale

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Implication Mщdico-Lщgale Des Toxiques D'origine Vщgщtale Implication médico-légale des toxiques d’origine végétale : approche analytique Jérémy Carlier To cite this version: Jérémy Carlier. Implication médico-légale des toxiques d’origine végétale : approche analytique. Chimie analytique. Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. Français. NNT : 2014LYO10221. tel-01132579 HAL Id: tel-01132579 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01132579 Submitted on 17 Mar 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ͳȋȌ Ǧ±ȋ Ȍ ιʹʹͳǦʹͲͳͶ ±± ±± ǯ ǯ± ǣ ǡ ± Ǧ± ǯ ǣ ǡͲ͹ͺͲͲǦǦØǡ ̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ ± Ǧ±ǯ±±ǣ ̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ °ǣǤ ±Ø Ǧ °ǣǤ ͶʹͲͳͶǯǣ ±ǣ Ǥ Ǧ ǣ Ǥ ǣ Ǥ ǣ Ǥ Ǧ ǣ Ǥ ±Ø ±ǣ Ǥ 70+8'45+6'%.#7&'$'40#4&.;10 2TÃUKFGPVFGNŏ7PKXGTUKVà /(TCPÁQKU0QÅN)+..; 8KEGRTÃUKFGPVFW%QPUGKNFŏ#FOKPKUVTCVKQP /NG2TQHGUUGWT*COFC$'0*#&+& 8KEGRTÃUKFGPVFW%QPUGKNFGU'VWFGUGVFGNC8KG7PKXGTUKVCKTG /NG2TQHGUUGWT2JKNKRRG.#..' 8KEGRTÃUKFGPVFW%QPUGKN5EKGPVKHKSWG /NG2TQHGUUGWT)GTOCKP)+..'6 &KTGEVGWT)ÃPÃTCNFGU5GTXKEGU /#NCKP*'..'7 %1/215#06'55#06' (CEWNVÃFG/ÃFGEKPG.[QP'UVŌ%NCWFG$GTPCTF &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT,'6+'00' (CEWNVÃFG/ÃFGEKPGGVFG/CÊGWVKSWG.[QP5WFŌ%JCTNGU &KTGEVGWT/OGNC2TQHGUUGWTG%$74+..10 /ÃTKGWZ &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT&$174)'1+5 (CEWNVÃFŏ1FQPVQNQIKG &KTGEVGWT/OGNC2TQHGUUGWTG%8+0%+)7'44# +PUVKVWVFGU5EKGPEGU2JCTOCEGWVKSWGUGV$KQNQIKSWGU &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT;/#6+..10 +PUVKVWVFGU5EKGPEGUGV6GEJPKSWGUFGNC4ÃCFCRVCVKQP &KTGEVGWT/OGNC2TQHGUUGWTG#/5%*166 &ÃRCTVGOGPVFGHQTOCVKQPGV%GPVTGFG4GEJGTEJGGP$KQNQIKG *WOCKPG %1/215#06'5'6&'2#46'/'065&'5%+'0%'5'66'%*01.1)+' (CEWNVÃFGU5EKGPEGUGV6GEJPQNQIKGU &KTGEVGWT/(&'/#4%*+ &ÃRCTVGOGPV$KQNQIKG &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT((.'74; &ÃRCTVGOGPV%JKOKG$KQEJKOKG &KTGEVGWT/OG%CTQNKPG('.+: &ÃRCTVGOGPV)'2 &KTGEVGWT/*CUUCP*#//174+ &ÃRCTVGOGPV+PHQTOCVKSWG &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT5#--17%*' &ÃRCTVGOGPV/CVJÃOCVKSWGU &KTGEVGWT/)GQTIGU61/#018 &ÃRCTVGOGPV/ÃECPKSWG &KTGEVGWT/NG2TQHGUUGWT*$'0*#&+& &ÃRCTVGOGPV2J[UKSWG &KTGEVGWT/,GCP%NCWFG2.'0'6 7(45EKGPEGUGV6GEJPKSWGUFGU#EVKXKVÃU2J[UKSWGUGV5RQTVKXGU &KTGEVGWT/;8#0217..' 1DUGTXCVQKTGFGU5EKGPEGUFGNŏ7PKXGTUFG.[QP &KTGEVGWT/$)7+&'4&10+ 2QN[VGEJ.[QP &KTGEVGWT/2(1740+'4 'EQNG5WRÃTKGWTGFG%JKOKG2J[UKSWG'NGEVTQPKSWG &KTGEVGWT/)2+)0#7.6 +PUVKVWV7PKXGTUKVCKTGFG6GEJPQNQIKGFG.[QP &KTGEVGWT/%8+610 'EQNG5WRÃTKGWTGFW2TQHGUUQTCVGVFGNŏ'FWECVKQP &KTGEVGWT/#/17)0+166' +PUVKVWVFG5EKGPEG(KPCPEKÂTGGVF #UUWTCPEGU &KTGEVGWT/0.
Recommended publications
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,940,728 B2
    USOO894.0728B2 (12) UnitedO States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,940,728 B2 Mash et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 27, 2015 (54) SUBSTITUTED NORIBOGAINE 5,152.994. A 10/1992 Lotsof 5,283,247 A 2f1994 Dwivedi et al. (71) Applicant: DemeRx, Inc., Miami, FL (US) 5,316,7595,290,784. A 3/19945/1994 Quetal.Rose et al. 5,382,657 A 1/1995 K. tal. (72) Inventors: Deborah C. Mash, Miami, FL (US); 5,426,112 A 6, 1995 ity a Richard D. Gless, Jr., Oakland, CA 5,552,406 A 9, 1996 Mendelson et al. (US); Robert M. Moriarty, Michiana 5,574,052 A 1 1/1996 Rose et al. Shores, IN (US) 5,578,645 A 11/1996 Askanazi et al. s 5,580,876 A 12/1996 Crain et al. 5,591,738 A 1, 1997 LotSof (73) Assignee: DemeRx, Inc., Miami, FL (US) 5,618,555 A 4/1997 Tokuda et al. - 5,703,101 A 12/1997 Rose et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,726, 190 A 3, 1998 Rose et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 S.S.; A s 3. th. 1 U.S.C. 154(b)(b) bybV 144 davs.ayS 5,865.444.wwk A 2/1999 KempfetOSe et al. al. 5,925,634 A 7/1999 Olney (21) Appl. No.: 13/732,751 5,935,975 A 8/1999 Rose et al. 6,211,360 B1 4/2001 Glicket al. (22) Filed: Jan. 2, 2013 6,291.675 B1 9/2001 Coop et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology
    CONTRIBUTORS Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors’ contributions begin. B. EMMANUEL AKINSHOLA (135), Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, eakinshola@ howard.edu NORMA E. ALEXANDER (293), NDA International, 46 Oxford Place, Staten Island, NY 10301, [email protected] SYED F. ALI (79, 135), Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, [email protected] KENNETH R. ALPER (1, 249), Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, [email protected] MICHAEL H. BAUMANN (79), Clinical Psychopharmacology Section, Intra- mural Research Program, NIDA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, [email protected] DANA BEAL (249), Cures-not-Wars, 9 Bleecker Street, New York, NY 10012, [email protected] ZBIGNIEW K. BINIENDA (193), Division of Neurotoxicology, National Cen- ter for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, [email protected] WAYNE D. BOWEN (173), Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NIDDK, NIH, Building 8 B1-23, 8 Center Drive, MSC 0820, Bethesda, MD 20892, [email protected] FRANK R. ERVIN (155), Department of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T5, Canada, md18@musica. mcgill.ca JAMES W. FERNANDEZ (235), Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago, 1126 E. 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, jwfi@midway. uchicago.edu xi xii CONTRIBUTORS RENATE L. FERNANDEZ (235), Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago, 1126 E. 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, rlf2@midway. uchicago.edu GEERTE FRENKEN (283), INTASH, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Isovaleryl-Coa Dehydrogenase Activity in Isovaleric Acidemia Fibroblasts Using an Improved Tritium Release Assay
    003 1-3998/86/2001-0059$02.00/0 PEDIATRlC RESEARCH Vol. 20, No. 1, 1986 Copyright 63 1986 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. Printed in U.S. A. Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase Activity in Isovaleric Acidemia Fibroblasts Using an Improved Tritium Release Assay DAVID B. HYMAN1 AND KAY TANAKA Yale University School ofMedicine, Department of Human Genetics, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 ABSTRAm. Isovaleric acidemia is a disorder of leucine However, this clinical classification is rather arbitrary. In those metabolism caused by a deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA de- patients with the severe type who survive the first 2 wk of life hydrogenase. At least two clinical subgroups of patients with appropriate treatment, the subsequent course is not dis- exist: a severe form, in which symptoms occur within the tinctly different from that of the mild type (3). 1st wk of life, and a milder variant in which manifestations The enzyme defect in isovaleric acidemia had been assumed develop later in life. We developed a modified version of to be at the level of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase because of the the tritium release assay to accurately measure residual accumulation of isovaleric acid in blood (4) and isovalerylglycine isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity in fibroblasts from in urine (5). Rhead and Tanaka (6) developed a tritium release patients with both forms of isovaleric acidemia. In the assay for the determination of the activity of this enzyme, which modified assay, specific isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase- measured 3H20 formed through enzyme-catalyzed dehydrogen- catalyzed tritium release from [2,3-3H]isovaleryl-CoAwas ation of [2,3-3H]isovaleryl-CoA, and they demonstrated that determined by including an inhibitor of isovaleryl-CoA residual isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity in cultured fibro- dehydrogenase, (methylenecyclopropy1)acetyl-CoA, in one blast mitochondria from five isovaleric acidemia patients was of the tubes in paired assays, to determine the nonspecifi- 13% of control activity (1).
    [Show full text]
  • A Case of Attempted Suicide by Cerbera Odollam Seed Ingestion
    Hindawi Case Reports in Critical Care Volume 2020, Article ID 7367191, 5 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7367191 Case Report A Case of Attempted Suicide by Cerbera odollam Seed Ingestion Michelle Bernshteyn , Steven H. Adams, and Kunal Gada SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Michelle Bernshteyn; [email protected] Received 3 March 2020; Revised 2 June 2020; Accepted 4 June 2020; Published 15 June 2020 Academic Editor: Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira Copyright © 2020 Michelle Bernshteyn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We report a case of attempted suicide by Cerbera odollam seed ingestion by a transgender patient who was successfully treated at our hospital. While the C. odollam plant has multiple practical and ornamental functions, its seeds have traditionally been utilized for suicidal and homicidal purposes in many parts of the world. Physicians should be aware of the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of C. odollam ingestion given the current ease of availability of these seeds in the United States and the increased reports of suicide attempts. 1. Introduction with a junctional rhythm and therefore received a total of 10 vials of Digibind (digoxin immune fab). She denied any head- Indigenous to India and Southeast Asia, Cerbera odollam, ache, visual disturbances, chest pain, palpitations, shortness “ ” also known as pong-pong, or suicide tree, yields highly car- of breath, abdominal tenderness, diarrhea, or constipation.
    [Show full text]
  • Alkaloids with Anti-Onchocercal Activity from Voacanga Africana Stapf (Apocynaceae): Identification and Molecular Modeling
    molecules Article Alkaloids with Anti-Onchocercal Activity from Voacanga africana Stapf (Apocynaceae): Identification and Molecular Modeling Smith B. Babiaka 1,2,*, Conrad V. Simoben 3 , Kennedy O. Abuga 4, James A. Mbah 1, Rajshekhar Karpoormath 5 , Dennis Ongarora 4 , Hannington Mugo 4, Elvis Monya 6, Fidelis Cho-Ngwa 6, Wolfgang Sippl 3 , Edric Joel Loveridge 7,* and Fidele Ntie-Kang 1,3,8,* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea CM-00237, Cameroon; [email protected] 2 AgroEco Health Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Abomey-Calavi BEN-00229, Benin 3 Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; [email protected] (C.V.S.); [email protected] (W.S.) 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 19676–00202, Kenya; [email protected] (K.O.A.); [email protected] (D.O.); [email protected] (H.M.) 5 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; [email protected] 6 ANDI Centre of Excellence for Onchocerciasis Drug Research, Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea CM-00237, Cameroon; [email protected] (E.M.); fi[email protected] (F.C.-N.) 7 Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK 8 Institute of Botany, Technical University of Dresden, 01217 Dresden, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] (S.B.B.); Citation: Babiaka, S.B.; Simoben, C.V.; [email protected] (E.J.L.); ntiekfi[email protected] or fi[email protected] (F.N.-K.) Abuga, K.O.; Mbah, J.A.; Karpoormath, R.; Ongarora, D.; Abstract: A new iboga-vobasine-type isomeric bisindole alkaloid named voacamine A (1), along with Mugo, H.; Monya, E.; Cho-Ngwa, F.; eight known compounds—voacangine (2), voacristine (3), coronaridine (4), tabernanthine (5), iboxy- Sippl, W.; et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Assay and Antimicrobial Activity in Leaf Extracts of Cerbera Odollam Gaertn
    Pharmacogn J. 2018; 10(2): 285-292 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Original Article www.phcogj.com | www.journalonweb.com/pj | www.phcog.net Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Assay and Antimicrobial Activity in Leaf Extracts of Cerbera odollam Gaertn Abinash Sahoo, Thankamani Marar* ABSTRACT Introduction: In the current study, methanol and aqueous extracts of leaf of Cerbera odollam Gaertn were screened for its antibacterial, antifungal, phytochemicals and antioxidant ac- tivities. Phytochemical constituents were investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. Methods: The leaf extracts of Cerbera odollam Gaertn were prepared by drying and extracted using Soxhlet apparatus into methanol and aqueous media, which were subjected to phyto- chemical screening. Total phenols, tannins, flavanols, alkaloids and its antioxidant activity were determined using spectroscopic techniques. Antimicrobial activity were determined using well diffusion method. Results: Aqueous extract exhibits higher content of phenols, tannins, flavanols and alkaloids, whereas methanol extract exhibits higher content of anthocyanin and cardiac glycoside respectively. Aqueous extract exhibits higher inhibitory concentration (IC %) value for DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and H2O2 radical scavenging assay and reduc- ing power (RP) assay. The methanol extracts exhibited higher inhibitory concentration (IC %) value in SO and NO radical scavenging assay, exhibiting antioxidant properties in five antioxi- dant models that were investigated. The methanol extract showed some antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli with inhibitory zone ranging from 2 mm to 3 mm, whereas the aqueous extract showed no activity. Abinash Sahoo, High antifungal activity was found against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans for methanol extract and moderate for aqueous extract with inhibitory zone ranging from 9mm Thankamani Marar* to 26 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • Near the Himalayas, from Kashmir to Sikkim, at Altitudes the Catholic Inquisition, and the Traditional Use of These of up to 2700 Meters
    Year of edition: 2018 Authors of the text: Marc Aixalà & José Carlos Bouso Edition: Alex Verdaguer | Genís Oña | Kiko Castellanos Illustrations: Alba Teixidor EU Project: New Approaches in Harm Reduction Policies and Practices (NAHRPP) Special thanks to collaborators Alejandro Ponce (in Peyote report) and Eduardo Carchedi (in Kambó report). TECHNICAL REPORT ON PSYCHOACTIVE ETHNOBOTANICALS Volumes I - II - III ICEERS International Center for Ethnobotanical Education Research and Service INDEX SALVIA DIVINORUM 7 AMANITA MUSCARIA 13 DATURA STRAMONIUM 19 KRATOM 23 PEYOTE 29 BUFO ALVARIUS 37 PSILOCYBIN MUSHROOMS 43 IPOMOEA VIOLACEA 51 AYAHUASCA 57 IBOGA 67 KAMBÓ 73 SAN PEDRO 79 6 SALVIA DIVINORUM SALVIA DIVINORUM The effects of the Hierba Pastora have been used by Mazatec Indians since ancient times to treat diseases and for divinatory purposes. The psychoactive compound Salvia divinorum contains, Salvinorin A, is the most potent naturally occurring psychoactive substance known. BASIC INFO Ska Pastora has been used in divination and healing Salvia divinorum is a perennial plant native to the Maza- rituals, similar to psilocybin mushrooms. Maria Sabina tec areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains of Mexi- told Wasson and Hofmann (the discoverers of its Mazatec co. Its habitat is tropical forests, where it grows between usage) that Salvia divinorum was used in times when the- 300 and 800 meters above sea level. It belongs to the re was a shortage of mushrooms. Some sources that have Lamiaceae family, and is mainly reproduced by cuttings done later feldwork point out that the use of S. divinorum since it rarely produces seeds. may be more widespread than originally believed, even in times when mushrooms were abundant.
    [Show full text]
  • The Iboga Alkaloids
    The Iboga Alkaloids Catherine Lavaud and Georges Massiot Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................. 90 2 Biosynthesis ................................................................................. 92 3 Structural Elucidation and Reactivity ...................................................... 93 4 New Molecules .............................................................................. 97 4.1 Monomers ............................................................................. 99 4.1.1 Ibogamine and Coronaridine Derivatives .................................... 99 4.1.2 3-Alkyl- or 3-Oxo-ibogamine/-coronaridine Derivatives . 102 4.1.3 5- and/or 6-Oxo-ibogamine/-coronaridine Derivatives ...................... 104 4.1.4 Rearranged Ibogamine/Coronaridine Alkaloids .. ........................... 105 4.1.5 Catharanthine and Pseudoeburnamonine Derivatives .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. ... .. 106 4.1.6 Miscellaneous Representatives and Another Enigma . ..................... 107 4.2 Dimers ................................................................................. 108 4.2.1 Bisindoles with an Ibogamine Moiety ....................................... 110 4.2.2 Bisindoles with a Voacangine (10-Methoxy-coronaridine) Moiety ........ 111 4.2.3 Bisindoles with an Isovoacangine (11-Methoxy-coronaridine) Moiety . 111 4.2.4 Bisindoles with an Iboga-Indolenine or Rearranged Moiety ................ 116 4.2.5 Bisindoles with a Chippiine Moiety ... .....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Microgram Journal, Vol 3, Number 2
    MICROGRAM Laboratory Operations Division Office Of Science And Drug Abuse Prevention BUREAU OF NARCOTICS & DANGEROUS DRUGS / U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE / WASHINGTION, D.C. 20537 Vol.III, No. 2 March-April, 1970 STP (4-Methyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine) hydrochloride was found coating the inside of capsules sent to BNDDfrom Germany. The capsules were clear, hard gelatin, standard shape size No. o. Average weight was 114 milligrams. Each capsule had a white crystalline coating on inner surface of capsule body. Apparently a measu~ed amount of solution had been placedin the cap·sule body, after which it was rotated to spread the solution on the inner surface. The substance contained 8. 7 milli­ grams STP (DOM)HCl per ca·psule. · These were the first STP capsules of this type seen by our laboratory. A few years ago, capsules were ob­ tained in the U.S. similarly coated with LSD. STP (Free Base) on laboratory filter paper, also from Germany, was seen for the first time in our laboratory. The STP spots, containing approxi­ mately 8 miliigrams STP base each, were 5/8 to 3/4 inch in diameter. The paper was 1\ inches square. Phencyclidine (Free Base) was recently analyzed on parsley leaves. Called "Angel DUst, 11 the phencyclidine on two samples of leaves was 2.6% and 3.6%. Approximately thirty pounds of 94% pure powder was also analyzed. (For identification of phencyclidine base, see Microgram, II, 1, p.3 (Jan 1969). IMITATIONSof well-known drug products are examined frequently in our Special Testing and Research Laboratory. Many of these are well made preparations and closely resemble the imitated product.
    [Show full text]
  • JNMA (142) Final
    CASE REPORT Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2002:41:331-334 Yellow oleander poisoning : a case report 1 1 1 Mollah A H , Ahmed S , Haque N 1 1 2 3 Shamsuzzaman , Islam A K M N , Rashid A , Rahim M INTRODUCTION CASE SUMMARY Because of its beautiful flowers, people plant yellow A 7 years old school boy was admitted on 15th June oleander tree in their garden & compound as a 2001 with a history of ingestion of a fruit along with hobby without knowing it's poisonous action. The its seeds from a yellow oleander tree in the premises entire plant is toxic including smoke from the of his school as he thought it was a water chestnut burning foliage and even the water in which the (there is a structural similarity between water flower have been placed.1,2 Yellow oleander has chestnut & yellow oleander fruit). About 20 minutes been used for the purpose of suicide, homicide and following ingestion, he started vomiting & became as an abortifaecient3 and if anybody ingests any restless. Subsequently he became drowsy, lethargic part of it accidentally, this may apprehend a fatal & had froth from his mouth and passed loose stool outcome4,5 and even the fetus can be affected if the unconsciously. On examination, the child was found pregnant mother ingests it.6 Recently a 7 years old mildly dehydrated with cold & calmly extremities. boy was admitted into pediatric ward of Dhaka His pulse rate was 54/min, low volume & irregular. Medical College Hospital (DMCH) in a serious Blood pressure was 60/20 mm Hg.
    [Show full text]
  • BLIGHIA SAPIDA; the PLANT and ITS HYPOGLYCINS an OVERVIEW 1Atolani Olubunmi*, 2Olatunji Gabriel Ademola, 2Fabiyi Oluwatoyin Adenike
    Journal of Scientific Research ISSN 0555-7674 Vol. XXXIX No. 2, December, 2009 BLIGHIA SAPIDA; THE PLANT AND ITS HYPOGLYCINS AN OVERVIEW 1Atolani Olubunmi*, 2Olatunji Gabriel Ademola, 2Fabiyi Oluwatoyin Adenike. 1Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemers' University, Lagos, Nigeria. 2Department of Crop Protection, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria. *Corresponding author's e-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +2348034467136 Abstract: Blighia sapida Köenig; family Sapindaceae is a multi purpose medicinal plant popular in the western Africa. It is well known for its food value and its poisonous chemical contents being hypoglycins A & B (unusual amino acids.) The hypoglycin A is more available in the fruit than hypoglycin B. Hypoglycin A have been used as glucose inhibitor therapy, thereby giving room for the plant to be used for orthodox medicinal purposes in future. Its other therapeutic values have been reported as well. The ingestion of hypoglycin A forms a metabolite called methylenecyclopropane acetyl CoA (MCPACoA) which inhibit several enzymes A dehydrogenases which are essential for gluconeogenesis. This review covers history, description, origin and uses of Blighia sapida with emphasy on the fruit and its associated biologically active component (hypoglycins) and tries to show why the plant can be used as the sources of many potential drugs in treatment of diseases, especially glucose related ones. The mechanism of hypoglycin A metabolism is also explained. The hypoglycin A potential glucose- suppressing activities warranted further studies for the development of new anti-diabetes drugs with improved therapeutic values. KEYWORD: Blighia sapida, Sapindaceae, hypoglycins, dehydrogenases, metabolism. Introduction huevo and pera roja (mexico); bien me Throughout history, man has turned sabe or pan quesito (colombia); aki nature into various substances such as (costa Rica).
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Cerbera Manghas 1
    Part I Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Cerbera manghas 1 CHAPTER 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.1.1 Introduction Cerbera manghas Linn., a mangrove plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family, is distributed widely in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia and countries surrounding the Indian Ocean. The Apocynaceae family contains about 155 genus and 1700 species. In Thailand only 42 genus and 125 species are found, from Cerbera genera only 2 species are found, C. manghas and C. odollam (The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, 1999). C. manghas was found in Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chonburi, Rayong, Phuket, Songkhla, Satun and Narathiwat while C. odollam was found in Bangkok, Ranong, Surat Thani, Phangga, Krabi, Satun and Narathiwat Cerbera manghas is a small tree, 4 - 6 m tall, stem soft, glabrous with milky juice, leaves alternate, closely set or whorled at the apices of branchlets, 10 -15 x 3 - 5 cm, ovate-oblong or oblaceolate, acuminate at apex, rounded at base, flowers large, bracteate, 3 - 4 cm long, arranged in terminal paniculate cyme, funnel shaped, white with yellow throat, turning purple or red on ageing, fruit large, 7 - 9 x 4 - 6 cm, globose, ovoid or ellipsoid, drupaceous with fibrous pericarp, seeds 1 -2 , each 2 - 2.5 cm across, broad, compressed, fibrous. 1 2 Figure 1 Cerbera manghas (Apocynaceae) 3 1.1.2 Review of literatures Plants in the Cerbera genus (Apocynaceae) are well known to be rich in a variety of compounds: cardenolide glycosides (Abe, et.al., 1977; Yamauchi, 1987); lignan (Abe, et.al., 1988; 1989); iridoid monoterpenes (Abe, et.al., 1977; Yamauchi, et.al.,1990) normonoterpene glycosides (Abe, et.al., 1988; 1996) and dinormonoterpeniod glycosides (Abe, et.al., 1996) etc.
    [Show full text]