Virginia

Teacher

November, 1928

JOHN MARTIN ON

WHAT A CHILD'S MAGAZINE SHOULD BE

WILLIAM M. BROWN ON

THE SELECTION OF CURRICULUM MATERIALS

ALUMNAE NOTES

BOOK REVIEWS EDUCATIONAL COMMENT

Published at the "| P" CENTS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE 15 of Hakrisonburg, Va. THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

SS SB | Secretarial Studies § § ATTENTION OF TEACHERS 1 Q 1928 REVISED EDITION O I AND PRINCIPALS By Rupert P. SoRelle and John Robert Gregg 6 A one semester course conveniently or- Q ganized into ninety short units. Each unit q is filled with up-to-the-minute business in- SB formation and practical laboratory projects, g We carry a complete line of School making the last months of the stenographic q course intensely business like and interest- SB Furniture, Auditorium Seating, Black- ing. Not only are the simpler secretarial y boards and Accessories. School Sup- duties covered thoroughly, but the student Q is also given a training in the rudiments of plies, Maps, Globes and Charts, latest secretarial book-keeping, business graphics, y publications. Kindergarten Supplies, banking procedure, and legal papers—a com- O ® plete reproduction of the busy life of the g Teachers Supplies, Playground Equip- present-day secretary. • g ment, Gymnasium and Athletic Goods. FOR THE PUPIL i Any special catalog or prices mailed Secretarial Studies (text) $1.40 § on request. Write us today. Laboratory Materials 60 6 O FOR THE TEACHER O Virginia School Supply Co. 0 Secretarial Dictation 80 q g Teacher's Handbook net .25 g Box 1177 ® Order From Our Nearest Office g 2000 W. Marshall St. g THE GREGG PUBLISHING CO. g Richmond :; :: Virginia g New York Chicago Boston San Francisco Toronto ^ London O

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Volume IX NOVEMBER, 1928 Number 9

CONTENTS What a Child's Magazine Should Be lohn Martin 265 Some Usable Techniques for the Selection of Curriculum Materials William M. Brown 267 Dramatizing Incidents of the Trojan War Helen Brooker 271 Do Standard Weight Charts Need Revision? 273 Official Announcements, State Department of Education.. .D. S. Lancaster 275 Schoolroom Humor 276 Educational Comment 278 The Reading Table 283 News of the College 286 Alumnae Notes 289

$1.50 a Year Published Monthly except August and September 15 Cents a Copy

^ JULIUS CAESAR ^ § o Edited by

Max J. Herzberg

An Introduction to Shakespeare and a Preparation for the Study of his Plays

The school classic is placed in its natural setting—an appealing word picture of the Romans and their country, of Shakespeare and his country. In an informal and entertaining man- ner the student is prepared to see Julius Caesar from a literary and historical point of view and to enter upon an intelligent reading of the play. The plan of study saves the teacher's time, providing material and suggestions for word study, character analysis, stagecraft, further reading, and other connected interests. The book has a variety of illustrations which include diagrams from Edwin Booth's Prompt-Book.

§ D. C. HEATH AND COMPANY g 239 West 39th Street, New York City £ The Virginia Teacher

VOLUME IX NOVEMBER, 1928 NUMBER 9

WHAT A CHILD'S MAGA- and openly leaded. In John Martin's Book, the standard width of the type page is 7x10 ZINE SHOULD BE inches, set in two columns of 3% inches. IN THE development of the idea and The points of type should range from 18-pt. purpose of the publication of a child's to 12-pt., thoughtfully selected to meet the magazine, there are two aspects of out- needs of the child, as determined by scien- standing importance. tific investigations; and references must be First in importance is the ethical or moral constantly made by the editors to estab- value to the child; second, its purely physi- lished practices of educators of known ex- cal character. In my analysis, however, I perience. shall reverse the places of these two points Illustrations. These should be invariably and take up the physical first, for without well drawn with a central object in each il- the right material thing it is not possible to lustration that specifically holds the child's present to the child the highest measure of mind to a concrete thought in the nearby or ethical value—the senses must accept be- associated text. We believe that the "line- fore the subtleties of appreciation can be cut" makes the ideal illustration for chil- stirred. dren, and that it contributes more value to Format. Under this heading are the the child's mental experience than the "half- physical form, size, binding, page area, etc. tone," which gives a blurred appearance to Regarding format, we must first consider the area occupied by the picture, and leaves the impression made upon the senses of the a hazy mental impression. child, and then follow the awakened inter- The child's mind naturally "fences in" its est this form produces. pictures; therefore it is wise to enclose the For younger children, especially of the majority of illustrations in a border, or read-to period from three to seven, the containing line. book—or magazine—should be comfortable Every effort should be made to assure to handle and carry about; the paper should drawings that are beautiful, but never be good and of a moderate tone in color "over-artistic"; by this I mean we should (cream or sepia-white is preferable). The not illustrate for our children on purely margins about the text of pages and pic- modem lines that are mainly decorative, tures should be ample and never "cropped" without illustrative value. We believe, in appearance; in my reference to "ample however, that the occasional appearance of margins," I wish to emphasize that the the modern illustration is valuable to the abundance, space, and freedom of a page child as another mental adventure or dis- serves to release the mental concepts of the covery, thus adding to the child's cultural child. Young eyes and minds must not be impressions. It may be readily seen that cramped or narrowed down. We believe permitting an occasional experience in mod- that the violence of pure white paper, es- ernism opens up the capacity of "recogni- pecially when covered with the black of tion" in later years. type and the color of pictures, fails to re- All illustrations should skillfully follow cord impressions as happily as a "toned" the style, character, and beauty of artists stock. or illustrators of standard or established Type. This should be clear, well spaced, place in art. We have trained our illus- 266 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9 trators to follow Howard Pyle, Walter in this is obvious—we develop in the child Crane, Flaxman, Greenaway, Crawhall, mind a knowledge of and a respect for a Durer, and masters of woodcuts. It can be real book. readily seen that this insistence on good art Advertisements. You will note that no must shape the child's taste and bring about advertisements ever appear in the front a natural preference for the "refined" in sections of John Martin's Book, nor do we picture and line, as well as a familiarity "jump" pages in completing editorial text. with better art standards. Binding. The binding of this magazine, We work to develop that magic called which goes to children from four to twelve taste! years of age, is made very strongly durable Color. The use of red, as instanced in and the magazine should open flat. John Martin's Book, is done with the ob- ETHICAL AND CULTURAL OBJECTIVE OF vious intention of stimulating the eye ex- JOHN MARTIN'S BOOK perience of the child. There is a certain value in the violence of red; its expressive Text. The magazine material should be influence is certain. Added to this, the use absolutely free from all suggestions of fear, of red contributes to the artistic value of vulgarity, insidious mischief, death, and the book's ensemble, and to the child's phy- killing. The policy should be immovable in sical feeling red adds a thrill of uncon- perpetrating in print only those ideas and scious excitement which fixes subjective im- ideals that shape good taste, humor, rever- pressions. ence, and confidence in the publishers. There are many associated but minor Therefore, in this magazine there should comments upon format which might be be embodied a wide gamut of moral and added, but I believe the important necessi- cultural influences. Each issue should, as ties have been covered in the foregoing far as possible, specifically put into con- paragraphs. crete form stories, narratives, pictures, and Variety. In illustrations variety should verses that suggest the above given object- be constant. Each issue of the magazine ives. should retain uniformity of general idea, The English should be as nearly perfect but upon study should provide constant as experience and care can make it. In vo- change for both eye and mind. The whim- cabulary and sentence length, usage should sical and even bizarre is permissible, but conform to the best pedagogical standards never the gross or fear-awakening. for the various grades. The editors of The "Feeling" of a Book. In John Mar- John Martin's Book refer constantly to the tin's Book we immovably hold to the con- Thorndike Vocabulary and keep before viction that our magazine should be made them all late and approved School Readers to appear as much like a book as is con- of varying grades. sistent with post-office requirements. We, Happiness. The magazine should give a therefore, insist upon a monthly change of first impression of pure happiness and then cover. We invariably give the child strik- a sense of personal proprietorship in it. ing end-papers or frontispieces, always in Therefore, its whole tone should be human, two colors and highly decorative and imagi- friendly, and unsentimental. It is by the native. We insist upon a conventional Title holding of the child's confidence in this Page and the expected Contents Page. magazine that its greatest influence is exert- You will see that by doing this we give ed. the child the repeated experience of getting Morals. The morals, or lessons to be ab- the impression of a real book. Our object sorbed, should never be conveyed by November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 267 preachments or unhappy endings or punish- for these pedagogical ideals and accom- ments. The child's love and confidence be- plishments should naturally come by way of ing established, any morality and any re- the school and through the trained abilities finement may be naturally impressed upon of the teacher. Our magazine is merely a the child's forming mind. human link between the teacher's ideals and Contents. The contents of such a mag- the cultural and moral influences that life azine should be as varied as its physical ap- should bring to the child's experience at pearances, and fundamentally cultural and home. "tactfully moral." Every alert effort, how- John Martin. ever, must be observed to keep the cultural or moral objective out of the child's con- SOME USABLE TECHNIQUES scious sense; therefore, the work of pro- FOR THE SELECTION ducing such a magazine is replete with con- OF CURRICULUM stant subtleties of approach and suggestion. MATERIALS To gain the attention and hold the loyalty of the child to the purpose of this book all THE greatest need of any teacher is wise means are used to attract the eye, to that of an adequate educational phil- engage the fancies, and to direct subcon- osophy. The selection of curriculum scious growths to a fearless, frank, and materials, the setting up of educational ob- fine objective development. A year's ad- jectives, the choice of methods to be used venture of the child through twelve issues in the classroom, the attitude which one has of such a magazine should be intensely ab- toward one's task and toward one's pupils sorbing and broadly cultural. all grow out of one's philosophy of educa- Advertising. Regarding the commercial tion. Nor is it sufficient to make the formu- side of a magazine, all advertisements lation of such a philosophy the subject of should be so pictured and expressed as to formal study. This is excellent so far as it retain the refinements, merriment, and at- goes, but it must always be supplemented tractions of the main body of the book. by those conclusions and those lessons John Martin's policy for his magazine in which come out of a rich and varied ex- relation to advertisements has been so ex- perience—as a teacher, yes—but far more, acting as to practically exclude many as one who has discovered something akin sources of income. That which makes for to the real meaning of life itself. highest right for the child regardless of The curriculum of all educational institu- business interest and profit, is John Mar- tions is—or should be—a process of con- tin's immovable standard. stant change. In its very nature it demands It will, therefore, be noted that in John that no solidifying, no stereotyping of sub- Martin's Book the advertisements are com- ject matter should take place. It is charac- paratively few. This is partially due to the terized above all things by being in a "state fact that the editors refuse to print any of flux," thus permitting an immediate paid-for space in the magazine that would adaptation to all the devious and tortuous directly or indirectly be out of harmony paths which it may be called upon to tra- with the spirit of the magazine; also, be- verse in being assimilated into the nature of cause a preponderance of advertising pages the individual. The term itself means "lit- could not be permitted in John Martin's tle race," and I take it that the race re- Magazine, which aims to exert the influence ferred to here is none other than the race of a good book. of life, i. e., the sum total of the experiences Finally. I do not ask you to look upon which make up an individual's career. "Let John Martin's Book as a pedagogical plan, us run with patience the race that is set be- 268 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9 fore us," we are admonished. Applying the reality of the experience becomes very this figure to the school, we find that the doubtful. Certainly its value so far as its race is not necessarily to the swift but to effect upon the subsequent life of the in- those whose experiences excel in quality. It dividual is concerned is decidedly limited. is the quality of living which makes life For example, a soldier, who in the heat of worth while, some persons being able to live the conflict, receives a slight flesh wound in more (qualitatively) in the space of an the arm or leg, does not usually become hour than others can live (quantitatively) aware of what has happened until after the in the ordinary life-span of seventy years. battle is over. He then notices the blood stains on his clothing, examines the surface Criteria for Selecting Curriculum Materials of his body, and finds that he has been Thus we conclude that there are at least wounded but not seriously enough to make three criteria to be borne in mind when the any real difference. Is it not often true question is one of selecting curriculum ma- that, in similar fashion, the teacher's efforts terials : barely succeed in "scratching the surface" (1) The educational philosophy of the of the pupil's real nature and that conse- person who is doing the selecting. quently the classroom experience makes (2) The concept of experience which little, if any, difference to the pupil in the one has. long run. The active side of the experi- (3) One's notion of what the educa- ence has been emphasized well enough, but tive process really is. the passive, or undergoing, phase has In addition, it should be borne in mind been almost wholly neglected. The mean- that the field from which materials may be ing of the term "passive" is akin to that of selected is none other than the whole realm suffering or enduring and one's awareness of human experience itself and that the must include this as well as the active ele- teacher has only a small part of a child's ments. Otherwise, we merely "go through time at his disposal. Thus the matter re- the motions" and, for the time being at duces itself to selecting from the whole least, put ourselves on the same level as the range of possibilities in the case of those ex- apes. periences (and they must necessarily be Again, the educative process is funda- few in comparison with the whole number), which are the most typical and which pos- mentally the same as the process of repro- sess the most carry-over value for the child, ducing the race, biologically speaking. so far as the situations which he is likely to There are many things in our mental and physical natures which we possess because meet in after life are concerned. In this connection it might be well to call they have been passed on to us through the germ-plasm. These, we say, "come to us by to mind Professor Dewey's notion of ex- perience1. According to Dewey, all real ex- heredity." There are many other things which make life more tolerable and more perience possesses both an active and a pas- attractive but which can never be passed on sive phase and no experience is worthy of through the biological inheritance. These the name until and unless both of these things are acquired through experience, phases are present in the consciousness of which is the same as education in the larger the individual. The active almost invari- sense. Hence, we may say that the educa- ably comes first, and it likewise happens tive process is that process by which we that we often do not become conscious of come into our spiritual or social inheritance. any passive phase whatever, in which case Many of us do not receive our social birth- IMonroe, Cyclopedia of Education. Article on right, either assuming a negative attitude "Experience," by Dewey. 269 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER toward it or selling it "for a mess of pot- 2. In the next place, the time-saving ele- tage." ment in instruction is becoming increasing- One further observation needs to be ly important. The recognition of individual made, namely, that the selection of subject differences in ability and in the quickness matter within a curriculum, i. e., the selec- and readiness with which people learn; the tion of the curriculum materials is the task provision for various rates of progress of the teacher; the construction of a new among pupils; the lengthening of the school curriculum or the reconstruction of an old term and possibly the school day; the elimi- one is the task of the specialist. As a rule, nation of unimportant items from our the specialist's work has been done before courses of study—all these and many other the teacher takes up the task where the educational readjustments are enabling us specialist lays it down. The latter works to save the time both of the pupil and of of under the direction of the State Board of the teacher. It is now well recognized that Education or in some research institution; the time allotments for various subjects the teacher comes after him and completes may be easily shortened at more advanced the picture by supplying the details and by age-levels than those at which such subjects putting on the finishing touches. Let us re- are now taught. This brings up the whole member that there are many specialists who question of the order of presentation of spend their time in telling others about school subjects, especially after the total teaching but who themselves could under subjects have been mastered. In any event, no circumstances enter a first or second the time spent in school by the pupil will grade classroom and conduct a single recita- admit of the presentation of only a limited tion in accordance with what they urge amount of subject matter. Hence, the most others to do. important should be selected to the exclu- Additional Considerations sion of all the rest, importance being deter- mined by the extent of the application of With the above-mentioned general prin- the selected experience to all subsequent ex- ciples as a part of the teacher's background, periences. there are some more specific considerations 3. Again, we must take into account the which must be taken into account in the se- needs of the community in which the child lection of curriculum materials. is likely to live. While this cannot be fore- 1. Consider, first of all, the demands told in every case, it can be fairly assumed which are made upon the school by the so- in the vast majority of instances that the ciety in which the school is operating. Pro- child will live in somewhat the same type of fessor Kilpatrick, among others, regards community in which he is being brought up. this as highly important and suggests the Every community is characterized by its in- following as being representative demands diivdual and peculiar needs which must be of twentieth century civilization upon the recognized and met in some way. Failure school; Acquaintance with things, i. e., know- to meet these needs makes the school dere- lict in its duty toward the very people whom ing the objects in our environment. it was established to serve most. If the Social life, i. e., habits, morals, the child is not fitted to live in his home com- training necessary to get on with our munity and is not brought to the ponit of fellows. developing the right attitude toward his Responsible thinking, i. e., the mental "home-town," it is no wonder that he mi- equipment for the solution of prob- grates elsewhere. lems and for immediate and ade- quate adaptation to new situations. 4. Consider further the line or lines in 270 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9 which the child is likely to spend most of 3. Economic adjustment his waking moments subsequent to his 4. Civic life school career. While the notion of "guid- 5. Recreation ance" is now being applied to every phase 6. Religion of education, it is still as true as it ever was, All of the other classifications mentioned that the school must assist the pupil in find- agree in the main with this, and the task of ing and preparing for a vocation. To this the teacher thus becomes the making of ef- must be added avocational guidance, which ficient citizens who are equipped to live to is made especially necessary in these days the fullest along these lines. when the cry is for shorter hours and high- ' Selective Techniques er wages. Leisure for what, pray? And money for what? Unless the teachers rec- We come to the consideration of the tech- ognize their responsibility in teaching the niques themselves by which materials to be child the proper budgeting of time, money, used by the teacher should be selected. It effort, etc., the goal of efficient living will is always understood that these materials seldom be reached. The most significant are to be used in the actual classroom pro- movement in present day education so far cedure for the purpose of transforming a as vocational and avocational needs are con- lifeless outline or lesson plan into a virile cerned is the differentiation which is taking and living experience for the pupils. place between the junior and senior high Techniques which are in use at the pres- schools as a result of the junior high school ent time may be grouped into four chief classes2: movement. Differentiated curricula are now provided in the senior high school on 1. Job-analysis—inapplicable to all but the basis of the exploratory activities made the simplest situations. possible in the junior high school. 2. Functional-analysis—an extension 5. Lastly, we must bear in mind the kind of the job-analysis idea that in- of product which we wish to turn out, the cludes provision not only for activi- type of persons which we wish our boys and ties but for ideals as well. girls to be. The teacher would do well to 3. Activity-analysis—lists the most de- encourage his pupils to select persons about sirable activities to be engaged in them whom they might do well to emulate, by the pupil in the schoolroom and and similarly to select outstanding charac- analyzes them. ters mentioned in history for the purpose of 4. Content-analysis—the reverse of using these individuals as ideals toward functional-analysis; it begins with a which boys and girls of the present may course as now organized and works strive. Putting it another way, the selec- backward in an attempt to revise tion of such persons for imitation and emu- what now is in the light of accepted lation is the same thing as setting up the principles, such as those outlined in proper kind of educational objectives. the first part of this paper. Smith, in his Principles of Educational So- A complete discussion of these four tech- ciology (pp. 620, 621) brings together four niques would require more space than the or five lists of such objectives from as many limits of this discussion permit. It may, different sources and writers. I quote the however, be pointed out that each one of list as taken by him from Chapman and these techniques has its place, though the Counts' Principles of Education: functional-analysis technique and the con- 1. Health 2Williams and Rice, Principles of Secondary 2. Family life Education, pp. 228, 229. 271 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER tent-analysis technique seem to be coming Waples, D.—Problems in Classroom Meth- more and more into favor. As a matter of od. Macmillan Co. 1927. fact, the former uses the inductive method Williams, L. A.—The Making of High of attack and the latter the deductive meth- School Curricula. Ginn and Co. 1928. od, both of which are familiar to every stu- Touton, F. C. and Struthers, A. B.—Junior dent of logic and of classroom method. It Hiah-School Procedure. Ginn and Co. would doubtless be fair to say, that one may 1926. be used to supplement the other. For a de- Johnson, F. W.—Administration and Su- tailed statement as to how to use the func- pervision of the High School. Ginn and tional-analysis technique, the reader is re- Co. 1925. ferred to Curriculum Construction, by W. William M. Brown. W. Charters (pp. 26 ff). For a presenta- tion of the content-analysis technique and DRAMATIZING OF THE its use, see D. Waples, Techniques of An- TROJAN WAR alysis in Constructing the Academic High School Course," Journal of Educational Re- A Fourth Grade Unit search (January, 1926), Vol. XIII, pp. 6-7. THE children of the fourth grade had Both of these techniques seem to offer been studying the Trojan War. much that is of practical value to the teach- They became greatly interested in er, the chief difficulty in both cases being the bravery of the Greek and Trojan war- the fact that the teacher is unaccustomed to riors. using them. A little practice, however, wdl I. What the children did. soon make one a relatively expert judge in selecting the materials which offer the best A. They started playing parts of the possibilities in teaching procedure. Trojan War at recess. They later The following project is suggested to asked the teacher to help them make high school principals as being worth car- a real play of it. rying out in their teachers' meetings over a B. They found that the following mat- period of several successive weeks or ters must be settled: months: 1. The parts suitable for dramatiza- Take the discussion in this paper and em- tion. ploy it for purposes of supplying the gen- 2. The part to put in each act. eral background; then take your present 3. The characters needed in each curriculum materials, most of which are act. perhaps largely of the traditional type; ex- 4. The conversation for the char- amine these materials in the light of the acters. above criteria and other principals, using 5. The costumes for each character. any one of the techniques which seems ap- 6. The scenery for each act. plicable; then make such changes in each 7. The invitations to the play. study or in each differentiated curriculum 8. The programs for the guests. as may seem practicable and desirable in C. They decided to dramatize the parts your case. leading up to the Trojan War. For further reading in this connection, 1. The festival at the marriage of the following titles are suggested: Peleus and Thetis. Williams, L. A., and Rice, G. K.—Princi- a. The people come from the wedding. ples of Education. Ginn and Co. 1927. b. The goddesses dance. Douglass, A. A.—Secondary Education. c. The apple is thrown. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1927. 272 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

d. The goddesses quarrel. 2. To guide the choice of conversa- 2. The Decision. tion for the play. a. They send for Zeus. 3. To aid in questioning. b. Zeus sends them to Paris. B. She guided the children by provid- c. Paris chooses Aphrodite. ing references for: 3. Helen's Abduction. 1. The kinds of costumes. a. Paris takes Helen to Troy. 2. The weapons of the Greeks and b. Menelaus asks for help. Trojans. D. They decided to pantomime several 3. The dances suitable for the play. battle scenes from the war, because 4. The dramatization or acting. they could not be acted successfully. 5. The setting of the stage. 1. The capture of Briseis. C. She guided the children in making 2. The begging for Achilles to go secenery and programs. back to battle. 1. She suggested that each child 3. The death of Patroclus. draw pictures from which the 4. The death of Hector. class could make selections. 5. The capture of Troy. 2. She showed the children how to E. They chose, by election, the follow- use the color chart in selecting ing characters: the guests at the wed- colors for the scenery. ding, Andromache, Aphrodite, Athe- 3. She showed them samples of na, and Hera (Greek goddesses); printed programs to help them Hermes and Iris (messengers) ; Zeus decide how to make their pro- (father of gods and men); Paris; grams. Menelaus; Helen of Troy; the D. She made arrangements for giving guard; the dancers; the Greek war- the play before the college. riors and the Trojan warriors. HI. Information the Children Gained. F. They worked out lines for the char- A. They learned the cause and result of acters to say. the Trojan War. 1. They made the conversation of 1. The "goddess of Discord," to the characters give the story of avenge herself for the neglect of the part acted. not being invited to the marriage, 2. They selected one child to read threw among the guests a golden the story of the parts panto- apple bearing the inscription, mimed. "For the Fairest." Plera, Athena, G. They appointed the following com- and Aphrodite each claimed the mittees to work up the play. apple. 1. Costume 2. Zeus, not wishing to settle the 2. Weapon quarrel, sent them to Paris, the 3. Scenery shepherd boy. Each goddess of- 4. Dance fered Paris a reward if he should 11. What the teacher did. choose her. A. She wrote up a dramatization of 3. Paris chose Aphrodite, who parts decided upon for the follow- promised him the most beautiful ing purposes: woman in the world as his wife. 1. To understand better the chil- 4. Paris, with the aid of Aphrodite, dren's problems. stole Helen, who was the most November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 273

beautiful woman and the wife of ful pattern before cutting into ma- Menelaus. He took her to Troy. terials for costumes and weapons. 5. The Greeks took the city of Troy B. They learned how to share materials after they had besieged it for ten and tools. years. C. They found that more efficient work B. They learned how the ancient Greeks could be done in committees with a dressed. chairman. 1. The women wore flowing gowns D. They understood the necessity of with headdress to match. listening carefully when a report was 2. The warriors wore armour with given. helmet and shield for protection. VI. Bibliography C. They learned how the Greeks fought. Church—The Iliad for Boys and Girls. 1, They rode in chariots. The Macmillan Co., N. Y. 1921. 2. They used the spear, sword, bow Hale—Greek Myths In English Dress. and arrow. The Macmillan Co., N. Y. 1921. D. They acquired the following infor- Tatlock—Greek and Roman Mythology. mation in art. The Century Co., N. Y. 1926. 1. Colors opposite each other or Compton—Encyclopedia. those following each other on the Helen Brooker color wheel can be used success- fully. DO STANDARD WEIGHT 2. One idea must be carried out in CHARTS NEED the scenery for each act. REVISION? 3. The paints must be put on smoothly. IT ISN'T the height, it's the hips that count. At least the width of the body E. They learned to use the following is more important in determining what rules of correct form in making in- a boy or girl should weigh than the length, vitations and programs. according to Dr. Raymond Franzen, Re- 1. Write all proper names with capi- search Director of the American Child tals. Health Association's School Health Study, 2. Use capital letters for important who spoke in Chicago October 19 before words in the title. a joint session of the American Child 3. Use comma after salutation. Health Association and the American Pub- 4. Indent for the first line. lic Health Association. 5. Keep a straight margin. It has been customary, Dr. Franzen IV. Skills Emphasized. pointed out, for a good many years for A. In making the programs they learn- boys and girls to step on the scales, watch ed the value of uniform lettering. the pointer go round to a stop, and then, B. In using reference materials they knowing how tall they are, look up in a learned to read more carefully in table of figures to see whether they are order to get exact information. above or below par in the game of weight. C. In practicing the play they found Most children survived the ordeal with they must face the audience and smiling faces, but one or two out of every speak distinctly. five would find themselves way below the V. Ideals and Attitudes fostered. tables and fit candidates for the under- A. They learned the value of a success- nourished class. 274 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

Dr. Franzen's researches will brighten the fluence determining weight. The depth of hopes of many who have received this jolt chest exercises 25 per cent influence, breadth from the height-weight tables. He views of chest 20 per cent, height 20 per cent, and the body as a cylinder which has diameter width of shoulders 5 per cent. The propor- as well as height. Two cylinders of the tions for girls are somewhat different, the same material and the same height may chest dimensions being of still greater im- have very different weights depending on portance and height less. their diameter. Similarly, body frameworks Another point brought out is that the vary not only in height but in width and girth of upper arm and calf fluctuates in thickness. The wide framework can carry, proportion to weight. For children of sim- and is meant to carry, more weight of flesh ilar body framework the size of the calf is and fat and organs than a narrow frame- a good index to the weight. Measurements work even though the height is the same. of girth and measurements of weight taken For this reason, Dr. Franzen points out, the in conjunction with the body framework width and depth must be known as well as may have great importance in revealing the height before you can say a person's susceptibility to disease, fatigue, and future weight is deficient. Dr. Franzen has de- growth. vised methods for taking into account the Dr. Franzen cautioned his hearers, how- various bony measurements in predicting ever, not to confuse weight with nutrition. weight. Underweight or departure of weight from The height-weight tables have been a val- that of his "anthropometric peer," is a uable aid to health workers in the past and measure of the degree to which a boy dif- from the experience gained in their use fers from the usual run of boys. The sig- and from new data it will be possible to nificance of this departure in terms of construct new tables shortly which will be health, however, is quite another matter still better and more accurate. which this paper did not attempt to cover. Dr. Franzen's findings are based on meas- The significance of underweight in terms of urements of 8,000 children of the fifth and probable future ill health is a subject that sixth grades, from schools of seventy cities requires continued study over an extended scattered over the country. Points as far period. removed as New Orleans, Spokane, St. Nutrition was described as an ambiguous Paul, and Providence have all contributed term. It would be better to use exact body to the figures which serve as the beginning measurements and the thickness of the pad- of the new tables. Schools in these cities ding immediately under the skin than to use were studied by physicians and educators general measures of nutrition. of the American Child Health Association One interesting fact reported was that a in the effort to find out how to make health child could be heavy without being fat and programs more effective in the lives of that a child could be fat without being school children. Body measurements and heavy. In other words, the padding under weight were but a part of the total ground the skin does not go hand in hand with total covered in the study. body weight. It is the size of the skeleton The calculations in this study have been that is most important in determining carried down to such a fine point that the weight. Dr. Franzen believes that further relative importance of each body dimension study of the thickness of the padding under in determining weight has been computed. the skin might be very valuable in helping For instance, among 11-year-old boys, the to interpret how well children are assimilat- width of hips is 30 per cent of the total in- ing their food. November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 275

OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT 6. Teachers in public schools and social workers who desired to increase their ef- STATE DEPARTMENT fiency through gaining knowledge of voca- OF EDUCATION tional guidance, vocational placement, and follow-up methods. Industrial Education The personnel of the trade classes and the The State program in trade and industrial foremanship training classes represented education shows great progress for the past forty-six different trades or vocations dis- year, according to the latest report of the tributed among seventeen different indus- State Supervisor. tries ; namely, cotton, silk, and woolen, ship- Seven thousand, two hundred and sixty- building, furniture-making, building trades, five (7,265) students received instruction machine and electrical trades, automobile industry, coal and plaster mining, chemical during the year in two hundred and twenty- and extract industry, shoe manufacturing, five (225) classes. This is an increase of bridge building, leather making, department sixteen hundred and sixty-three (1,663) stores, tobacco, meat packing, paper, com- students and thirty-six (36) classes over the mercial arts, and miscellaneous industries. previous year. There were twenty-nine (29) day-unit classes; one hundred and Vocational Agriculture in the Schools thirty-five (135) evening classes; twenty- During the year ending June 30, 1928, in- seven (27) foremanship training classes; struction in vocational agriculture was of- eighteen (18) part-time general continua- fered on a full time basis in 120 schools, and day-unit work was conducted at 51 ad- tion classes, and fourteen (14) part-time ditional points. Thirteen classes for over- trade extension classes; with fifty-eight age boys who had dropped out of school (58) pupils in teacher-training courses. were organized and 128 young men enrolled The courses offered in trade and indus- for work in these part-time classes. The trial education reached the following classes evening classes offered to adult farmers of persons: have increased in popularity and 121 such 1. Pupils in public schools who were un- classes were conducted. The total enroll- able to complete the regular courses of ment of adults for this type of instruction study, due to economic or other causes, and was 1,972. The total enrollment in all types who desired to learn some trade. of instruction reached the figure 5,848, 2. Young men and women who had left which was an increase of 1,272 over the previous session. the public schools, but who wished to con- This year the supervised practice farm tinue their general education while working. work of these students was even more ex- 3. Working people who are ambitious tensive than last, as they are now farming and who desired to increase their efficiency 8,258 acres of land and caring for 5,955 and general intelligence in their chosen vo- head of livestock and 87,550 fowls. cations. It is quite interesting to note that adult 4. Skilled mechanics and foremen in in- evening class members grew 4,172 acres of dustries who aspired to become teachers of crops, cared for 148,286 fowls, and 7,095 their trades. head of livestock. In conducting these 5. Skilled mechanics in industries who farming enterprises the adult farmers car- aspired to become foremen, and foremen ried out 4,760 applications of improved who desired to become better foremen. farming practices. 276 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

Home Economics Education Virginia Normal and Industrial Total number enrolled in day-unit Institute 12 weeks Smith-Hughes schools, white 381 Hampton Institute 12 weeks Total number enrolled in day-unit Manassas Institute 6 weeks Smith-Hughes schools, colored 118 Virginia Union University 6 weeks Total number enrolled in evening Textbook Distribution classes, white 527 The responsibility for a satisfactory dis- Total number enrolled in evening tribution of textbooks in the public schools classes, colored 380 is placed by law on the county and city Total number enrolled in State-aided school boards. Sixty of these local boards schools, white 1763 purchased textbooks at wholesale from the Total number enrolled in State-aided publishers and sold them direct to the pupils schools, colored 147 during the year ending June 30, 1928. Text- book agents were appointed by all other Grand Total 3316 local school boards. These agents were Number schools under supervision.... 82 placed under surety bonds to guarantee an Number of departments with cottage adequate supply of books and to protect the equipment 54 local school board. Number of departments with cottages 17 It is interesting to note that the plan of Number of departments in agricul- distributing books from the office of the ture-home economics buildings 23 school board is growing in popularity. Number of evening school centers.... 5 Dabney S. Lancaster, Negro Education Secretary, State Board of Education. Negro education in Virginia continued to SCHOOLROOM HUMOR develop in 1927-28. There were forty county training schools in operation in forty ABSENT-MINDED, NO DOUBT counties in the State. There were sixty- "Now," said the professor when he had four rural supervisors at work in fifty-six finished his lecture on the functioning of counties. The number of local permits is- the memory, "I want to ask each member of sued to teachers was reduced materially the class to make a note of every point he during the year. has remembered. Those of you who can t All the training schools offered nine remember any of the points will please jot grades of work; some offered ten and some down those you have forgotten."—Tid-Bits. maintained eleven grades. Three have al- ready become standard high schools and VENERABLE PARENTS others will probably qualify for an accred- ited rating next session. All these schools Little Paul is a Lindbergh fan. He chris- have at least an eight months' session and tened one of his toys "Spirit of St. Louis" some nine months. Twenty of these schools and talked Lindbergh until his parents were had the services of a vocational teacher who surfeited with the subject and finally told worked with the boys. him he was too excited over the popular During the year twenty new Rosenwald aviator. buildings were put up and some additional "Why shouldn't I be excited about him?" rooms were added to other Rosenwald Paul inquired in an injured tone. "I'll bet buildings. you and mother were excited and talked Summer schools for teachers were in op- about it just as much when Columbus dis- eration, as follows: covered America."—Boston Transcript. 277 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

TEACHER KNOWS POLLYANNA'S BROTHER "There is no such word as fale," wrote Samantha; "How is your boy making Johnny on the blackboard. out at college?" "Why don't you correct him?" asked a Miranda: "Well, the poor boy can't have visitor of the teacher. much time to study, for I think he visits his "His statement is absolutely correct as it sick friends most of the time. He says his stands," was the calm reply. job as cheer leader takes a lot of time."

HE TOLD HER THE CITIZEN NO DOUBT IGNORES THEM A small boy went to school for the first time. He came home and was questioned as Stranger: "Is that your new public to his experience. school over there?" "Nothing much happened," he said. Citizen: "Yes, that is our Chamber of "There was a woman there who wanted to Commas." know how to spell cat and I told her. BEHAVING AN OLD I-DEAR "Well, Tommy, did you behave in school "Lay down, pup, lay down," ordered the today?" asked Tommy's father of his young man. "Good doggie, lay down, I say." son, who had not been going to school very "You'll have to say 'lie down,' mister," long. declared a small bystander. That s a Bos- "Behave?" exclaimed Tommy in a tone ton terrier."—The Keynote. of amazed surprise. "Of course I did! Why, the teacher said she never saw a pupil COMPLICATED who behaved so."—Children, The Magazine A young woman who is attending the for Parents. kindergarten school of Western Reserve University was asked by a friend: HENRY AND HIS TIMES "Will you get a degree when you are graduated ?" Hamilton Wright Mabie, at the end of "No," was the reply, "not for kindergar- an addresss before the League of Political ten work." Culture of New York, quoted verbatim a "Isn't that too bad!" the friend ex- child's essay that had come into his hands claimed. "Now you will not be able to through the New York Kindergarten Asso- teach kindergarten in high school." ciation. The essay, which was on Henry —Youngstown Telegraph. VHI, follows: "King henry 8 was the greatest widower that ever lived. He was AGE'S INFINITE VARIETY bom in Anno Domini in 1086 he had 435 Visitor: "How old are you, little boy?" wives besides children. The first was be- Modem Child (reflectively wiping his headed and executed. The second was re- spectacles) ; "The latest personal survey voked. 'She never smiled again,' but she available shows my psychological age to be said the word 'calais' would be found on her heart after her death. The greatest 12, my moral age to be 4, my anatomical man in his rain was Lord Duke Sir Garret age 7, my physiological age 6. I suppose Wolsey. He was sir named the boy batch- you refer, however, to my chronological lor. He was born at the age of 17, unmar- age, which is 8. That is so old-fashioned that I seldom think of it," ried."—Kablegram. 278 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

considers that forty-two thousand children The Virginia Teacher have been added to the ranks in the space Published monthly, except August and September, by of twelve months, this seems a notable ac- the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg, Virginia. complishment. Entered as second-class matter March 13, 1920, at the postoffice at Harrisonburg, Virginia, under the act of Child Health Day, as Virginia prefers to March 3, 1879. call it, constituted the "finals" in those con- Conrad T. Logan, Editor tests, but the plans were laid in June, 1927, Henry A. Converse, Business Manager Clyde P. Shorts, Circulation Manager when a committee of division school super- ADVISORY BOARD intendents appointed by the State Depart- John W. Wayland Elizabeth P. Cleveland ment of Education met to confer with the Pearl P. Moody Katherine M. Anthony State Chairman. This committee gave the Manuscripts offered for publication from those inter- ested in our state educational problems should be addressed matter much attention and came several to the editor of The Virginia Teacher, State Teachers College, Harrisonburg, Virginia. times to Richmond to meet with the State Chairman. It prepared resolutions which EDUCATIONAL COMMENT were adopted by the Superintendents' Con- CHILD HEALTH DAY IN VIRGINIA ference in November and which provided among other things for a permanent Super- Reporting to the American Child Health intendents' Health Committee to be ad- Association on the accomplishment in visory to the State Board of Health and for Virginia, Dr. Mary Evelyn Brydon, Direc- the appointment of each Superintendent of tor of the Bureau of Child Welfare of the Schools as chairman of Child Health Day State Board of Education, states that Child in his respective county or city; the resolu- Health Day in Virginia might be called the tions also advised that where practicable a "Victory March of the Five Pointers." central county-wide Child Health Day be "The recognition and reward of the chil- arranged for the visual health education of dren who reached this minimum standard parents as well as children, and that the of physical fitness has been the central idea State Board of Health be requested to pre- of all the festivals," writes Dr. Brydon, pare suitable health literature to aid in the "whether in individual schools or in county celebration of Child Health Day. or city-wide programs. The Five Point All these resolutions were carried into children wore blue ribbons, or colored paper effect, and in regard to the last named, caps, carried banners, or rode on floats, to Health Notes for Superintendents, a mim- distinguish them from the 'common herd.' eographed monthly, was started in January, The effect has been that the 'herd' had been 1928, by the Child Health Bureau for the stampeding to join the Five Point class. purpose of keeping the superintendents in Children have pleaded, wept, and walked touch with Child Health Day plans and miles to secure corrections that formerly other public health data. Special articles they would have bolted to escape. were published monthly in two educational "The Health Contests for the highest journals and in Community League News. percentage of Five Point children that have been held in counties and cities for the last Special Activities two or three years, have steadily increased Proclamation by the Governor. in number and in interest, both in white The first school to reach the goal of 100 and colored schools." per cent Five Pointers was the Rockland The number of Five Point children in the School in Warren County, with the Dolphin state has doubled since last year, and now School in Brunswick County only one point reaches about eighty-four thousand or 14 behind. Competition was keen all over the per cent of the total number. When one state and in some cases spectacular gains 279 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

were made, as in the case of Rockbridge EDUCATIONAL TOUR IN GERMANY County, which reported the number of its IN 1929 Five Point children increased from two The International Institute of Teachers hundred to nine hundred in a year's time, College, Columbia University, and the although the Health Unit had been in exist- Central Institute for Education and Instruc- ence only eighteen months. tion of Berlin announce a tour of Ger- Child Health Day has embraced many many's educational institutions for the sum- phases of health besides the five points. mer of 1929. This tour is organized by the Tuberculin-tested cows have paraded with Central Institute which operates under the the Five Pointers; Red Cross floats, Drink auspices of the Prussian Ministry of Edu- Milk floats, Toxin Anti-toxin floats, Pre- cation and the German Federal Ministry of school floats, Health Habit floats, Swat the the Interior. Fly floats, etc., have given stimulus to the The selection of members of the party other health aims. In some places the pre- will be in the hands of the International In- school children were especially featured by stitute of Teachers College, Columbia Uni- miniature floats drawn up by the children in versity. This tour will afford a most un- procession. usual opportunity to see German schools, In the campaign to produce the greatest since it is under the official direction of the per cent of Five Point children, new activi- German educational authorities. This pro- ties sprang up in schools, such as the pro- vision assures the members of the party vision of hot lunches or midmorning milk the closest insight possible into the school in schools not having had these before but systems. This is the first time such an op- which were trying to bring their under- portunity has been afforded American weight children up to average weight. teachers as a group. Where tonsils and adenoids needed to be The visitation of schools will begin on removed, and family budgets could not be June 17, 1929, either at Hamburg or Bre- made to cover this, clubs helped to secure men, and will continue for six weeks, dis- the necessary funds. banding just before the World Federation Both the Community and Junior Leagues of Educational Associations Conference in made encouragement of the largest number Geneva, which meets the last week in July, of Five Point children one of their special 1929. objectives. The tour will include visitation to the A Committee of Pediatricians was ap- most prominent German cities, among pointed by the Bureau of Child Welfare to which will be Bremen, Hamburg, Lubeck, study the problems of the preschool child Kiel, Berlin, Magdeburg, Leipzig, Dresden, entering school for the first time. Chemnitz, Gera, Jena, Weimar, Nurnberg, Permanent Results Munich, Stuttgart, Heidelberg, Frankfort, Child Health Day in Virginia has grown Weisbaden, Coblenz, Mainz, Bonn, Cologne, in four years from scattered celebrations Dusseldorf, and Essen. voluntarily promoted by interested citizens All types of German educational institu- and organizations, into a unified, carefully tions will be seen, such as elementary planned program under official direction. schools, secondary schools, rural schools, A permanent "Superintendents' Health vocational schools, community and country Committee," advisory to the State Board of boarding schools, teachers' colleges, univer- Health in its child health program, has been sities and folk universities, and all types of appointed by the Division Superintendents education such as physical education, and in conference. the like. Emphasis will be placed upon 280 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9 physical education, art education, dra- differences and to quibble about non-essen- matics, the Youth Movement, school or- tials, when sin is rampant in the world and ganization, methods of instruction, outdoor evil is omnipresent; if church members are life, playgrounds, and juvenile welfare. more interested in whom they will keep out The members of the party will assemble of their religious bodies because of the- at Bremen or Hamburg, the starting point, ological differences, than they are in help- arriving there by any route which they de- ing people to be strong in body, clean in sire. The Central Institute will have com- mind, and pure in heart, we will waste our plete charge of the party while in Germany, time with nothing so hypocrital and useless; although the group will be accompanied by rather will we give all religion a wide berth a member of the International Institute. and have none of it.' The total expense for each member for the "And to the extent that such a conclusion time spent in Germany (approximately six is reached, the intolerant sectarians of our weeks) will be $350.00. This will include churches are largely to blame. If Christ second-class railway travel, food, hotels, were on earth today, I fancy there would be and necessary transportation to schools and but one church—the Church of the Living hotels within the cities. God. There will be twenty-five in the party and "It would pronounce ordinance, ritual, membership will be limited to those who creed, all non-essential for admission into have some command of the German lan- the Kingdom of God or His Church. A guage. Anyone interested in this visitation life, not a creed, would be its test; what a tour may secure fuller information from man does, not what he professes; what he Dr. Thomas Alexander, Teachers College, is, not what he has." Columbia University, New York City. SOLOMON'S STABLES DISCOVERED ROCKEFELLER ON RELIGION AT ARMAGEDDON Speaking at the dedication services of the Discovery of the famous stables of Sol- new Rockefeller chapel at the Univer- omon during the excavations of the sity of Chicago, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., ruins at Armageddon, Palestine, which has discussed tolerant and liberal attitudes in just been announced by the Oriental Insti- religion. In part he said: tute of the University of Chicago, is de- "In spite of the progress which has been scribed in a full report to the University by made, youth finds itself confused and irked Mr. P. L. O. Guy, field director of the In- as it stands at life's threshold and is con- stitute's Megiddo expedition. fronted with an almost infinite variety of The 3,000-year-old stables on the town religions and sects. It stands aghast at the site of the great battle city of Armageddon, sorry and un-Christlike spectacle of good north of Jerusalem and about ten miles men and women hurling anathema at each from the Mediterranean Sea, cover half an other because of differences of theological acre. "Solomon laid out his stables very belief and denominational partisanship. systematically," says the report, "the stalls "Is it strange, then, that the younger gen- being arranged in double rows. The horses, eration from being at first confused and about twelve to the row, stood facing each irked by our multiform theologies, then other, with a passage between the two rows aghast at the un-Christlike attitude of so- of heads for the grooms and feeders. In called religious people, is tempted to say to front of each horse was a manger, and the rtself: rows of mangers were divided by massive " Tf this is religion, to insist on sectarian stone hitching posts, which still contain the November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 281 original tie holes for the insertion of the mum salary; second, the maximum; third, halter ropes." the number of annual increases. Dr. James Henry Breasted, director of Alabama: Birmingham, $1,000, $2,000, the Oriental Institute, who learned of the 10. discovery by cablegram before leaving for California: Los Angeles, $1,400, $2,440, Oxford, England, to represent the United 13; Oakland, $1,380, $2,460, 9; San Fran- States at the International Congress of cisco, $1,400, $2,400, 11. Orientalists, declared that "such a discovery Colorado: Denver, $1,200, $2,520, not will be of the greatest historical importance. specified. Few people are aware that Solomon was not Connecticut: Bridgeport, $1,000, $3,100, only an oriental sovereign but likewise a not specified; Hartford, $1,000, $2,000, not successful merchant. Not the least of his specified; New Haven, $1,000, $1,850, 9. activities was his enterprise as a horse deal- Delaware: Wilmington, $1,000, $1,800, 9. er. District of Columbia: $1,400, $2,600, not "His marriage to the daughter of a specified. Pharaoh of Egypt gave him a close connec- Illinois: Chicago, $1,500, $2,500, 8. tion with the Egyptian court and he there- Indiana: Indianapolis, $1,300, $2,800, 12. fore enjoyed inside opportunities for se- Iowa; Des Moines, $1,200, $2,210, not curing the finest breeds of Egyptian specified. horses." Kansas; Kansas City, $1,200, $1,788, not The Megiddo expedition is in the third specified. year of a five-year campaign toward which Louisiana: New Orleans, $1,200, $2,250, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., contributed $215,- 8. 000 in 1925. Working under the present Maryland; Baltimore, $1,200, $1,800, 6. field director at Megiddo are seven mem- Massachusetts: Cambridge, $1,228, bers of the University of Chicago, a staff $1,804, 6; Fall River, $1,100, $1,700, 6; of trained Egyptian diggers, and two hun- Lowell, $1,200, $1,700, 6; New Bedford, dred natives of Palestine, mostly women, $1,000, $1,900, 10; Springfield, $1,300, who carry small baskets of rubbish on their $1,900, 6; Worcester, $1,200, $2,000, 8. heads to the dump. Michigan: Detroit, $1,200, $2,000, 5; Grand Rapids, $1,200, $2,000, not specified. Minnesota: Minneapolis, $1,200, $2,500, SALARIES OF ELEMENTARY not specified; St. Paul, $1,100, $1,700, 10. SCHOOL TEACHERS Missouri: St. Louis, $1,200, $2,700, not Salaries paid to elementary teachers in specified. cities of 100,000 population and over New Jersey: Jersey City, $1,400, $2,800, range from a minimum of $950 per year to 14; Paterson, $1,200, $2,800, 12. a maximum of $3,504 per year, according New York: Albany, $1,100, $1,900, not to figures recently made public by the U. S. specified; Buffalo, $1,200, $2,500, not speci- Bureau of Education. The low minimum fied; New York, $1,608, $3,504, 13; Ro- is given for Salt Lake City, Utah, which chester, $1,200, $2,400, 8; Syracuse, $1,200, also has the highest number of annual in- $2,400, not specified; Yonkers, $1,500, creases required to reach the maximum, or $2,835, 12. 17 annual increases. The highest maximum Ohio: Akron, $1,000, $2,000, 10; Cincin- salary is given for New York City. nati, not specified, $2,000, not specified; In the tabulation the name of each city is Cleveland, $1,200, $2,800, not specified; To- followed by three figures—first, the mini- ledo, $1,250, $2,240, 9. 282 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

Oregon: Portland, $1,300, $2,200, 11. Exceptions are made of children mentally Pennsylvania: Philadelphia, $ 1 ,200, or physically defective. The penalty against $2,400, not specified; Pittsburgh, $1,200, parents for permitting their children to vi- $2,000, 8; Scranton, $1,000, $1,800, 8. olate attendance requirements was increased Rhode Island: Providence, $1,000, from $5 or five days' imprisonment to $10 $2,000, not specified. or ten days' imprisonment for a first of- Tennessee: Nashville, $1,200, $1,380, 3. fense. Texas: Houston, $1,000, $1,800, 8. Utah: Salt Lake City, $950, $2,200, 17. PROFESSOR CRAIGIE KNIGHTED Virginia: Norfolk, $1,000, $1,500, 7; FOR WORKT ON DICTIONARY Richmond, $1,100, $1,800, 9. Professor William A. Craigie, lexico- Washington: Seattle, $1,440, $2,100, 11; grapher at the University of Chicago, has Spokane, $1,200, $2,150, not specified. been knighted by King George V in recog- Wisconsin: Milwaukee, $1,200, $2,600, nition of his achievement in completing the 12. monumental Oxford Historical Dictionary. —School and Society. He also received the almost unprecedented honor of taking the robe and degree of Litt. GRADUATE STUDENTS ADVISE D. from both Oxford and Cambridge uni- WISCONSIN FRESHMEN versities. Professor Craigie, who came to the Uni- Five graduate students of the University versity of Chicago in 1926 to start the His- of Wisconsin will assume this fall the re- torical Dictionary of American English, sponsibility of assisting first-year men stu- dents in the selection of their courses and was Oriel Professor at Oxford, and since in their adjustments to college life. The 1923 editor of the great Oxford Dictionary. The Oxford Dictionary was started in plan had its inception in the university last year. The system is continued in the belief 1858, and over a period of seventy years its workers have traced the history of every that graduate students, themselves just fin- word in the language, living or dead, back ished with undergraduate work, can render to the seventh century. It now comprises more acceptable service to new students ten volumes, averaging 1,600 pages each and than older men whose student days are is the final authority. more remote. The administrative assist- The American historical dictionary, ants, as the graduate advisers are called, which will treat American as a separate are under the supervision of the junior language, will trace all the words used in dean of the university. books, magazines, and newspapers in this country back three centuries. Volunteer THE NEW YORK LEGISLATURE readers all over the country are sending in LENGTHENS SCHOOL YEAR reports on unfamiliar usages in old records Number of days each year during which and books. Professor Craigie estimates school must be in session has been increased that the Dictionary will take between five from 180 to 190 by recent action of the and ten years to complete. New York State Legislature. Compulsory attendance upon part-time instruction by Every school in the Province of Sas- employed minors, 14 to 17 years of age, ex- katchewan, Canada, is required to maintain cept graduates of four-year high schools, is a school library, and $10 for each room in required in cities having a population of operation must be expended annually in the 20,000 or more, and in districts where there purchase of books from an authorized list. are 200 or more such employed minors. —School Life. November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 283

SOUTH AMERICA Hooker, E. R.—"How Can Local Churches Come Together?" Home Missions Council. 1928. The Pan American Union, Washington, 2Sc. D. C, offers for the use of schools a Huxley, J. S.—"Religion Without Revelation." Harper. 1927. $2.00. number of inexpensive pamphlets. Three Jacks, L. P.—"Constructive Citizenship." Dou- series of booklets, sold at five cents each, bleday. 1928. $2.00. ♦Jones, E. S.—"Christ at the Round Table." deal with twenty nations of South America, Abingdon. 1928. $1.50. eighteen cities of South America, and twen- Jones, R. M.—"New Studies in Mystical Re- ligion." Macmilian. 1927. $1.75. ty-two commodities. For geography classes Martindale, C. C.—"Faith of the Roman these booklets should be of special value. Church. Doran. 1927. $2.00. ♦Moehlman, C. H.—"Story of the Ten Command- Other recent publications of the Pan ments." Harcourt. 1928. $2.50. American Union include the following: Niebuhr, Reinhold—"Does Civilization Need Religion?" Macmilian. 1927. $2.00. Seeing South America (25c) ; Seeing the Oxenham, John, pseud.—"Gentlemen—the Latin Republics of North America (2Sc) ; King!" Pilgrim Press. 1928. 7Sc. Robinson, W. J.—"What I Believe." Eugenics Ports and Harbors of South America Publishing Company. 1927. $2.50. (25c). These three booklets are abundant- Sheppard, H. R. L.—"Impatience of a Parson." Doubleday. 1928. $2.00. ly illustrated. ♦Smith, G. B.—"Current Christian Thinking." University of Chicago Press. 1928. $2.00; ♦Soares, T. G.—"Religious Education." Univer- THE READING TABLE sity of Chicago Press. 1928. $2.50. IMPORTANT RELIGIOUS BOOKS, Spinka, Matthew—"Church and the Russian Revolution." Macmilian. 1927. $2.50. 1927-28 Stewart, George—"Resurrection in our Street." A list of thirty-five books published dur- Doubleday. 1928. $1.35. Streeter, B. H., and others—"Adventure; the ing the library year, furnished by the pub- Faith of Science." Macmilian. 1928. $2.00. lishers for the Religious Book Round Table Stuber, S. I.—"How We Got Our Denomina- tions." Association Press. 1927. $2.00. exhibit in connection with the recent Amer- ♦Thompson, F. C.—"Bob's Hike to the Holy ican Library Association conference, held City." Kirkbride Bible Company. 1927. $2.25. Vogt, V. O.—"Modern Worship." Yale Univer- at West Baden, Indiana. Selected by sity Press. 1927. $2.00. Frank Grant Lewis, Chester, Pa. The small Woelfkin, Cornelius—"Expanding Horizons." Cokesbury. 1927. $1.50. library list is starred. Abbott, L. F.—"Twelve Great Modernists." Doubleday. 1927. $3.50. A PARENT'S FIRST BOOK SHELF Baker, E. D.—"Worship of the Little Child." Cokesbury. 1927. 7Sc. The Child Study Association of America, ♦Barton, Bruce—"What Can a Man Believe?" 54 West 74th St., New York, N. Y., has is- Bobbs. 1927. $2.50. Beaven, A. W.—"Putting the Church on a Full- sued the following suggestions for a Par- Time Basis." Doubleday. 1928. $2.00. ent's First Book Shelf: Bradford, Gamaliel—D. L. Moody; a Worker in Souls. Doran. 1927. $3.50. S. Josephine Baker—"Healthy Mothers," "Heal- Burton, M. E.—"New Paths for Old Purposes." thy Babies," "Healthy Children." Little Brown, Missionary Education Movement. 1927. $1.00. Boston. 1923. Each, $1.25. Case, S. J.—"Jesus; a New Biography." Univer- C. A. Aldrich—"Cultivating the Child's Appetite." sity of Chicago Press. 1927. $3.00. Macmilian, New York. 1927. $1.75. Cutten, G. B.—"Speaking with Tongues." Yale Max Seham and Crete Seham—"The Tired University Press. 1927. $2.50. Child." Lippincott, Philadelphia. 1926. $2.00. ♦Darr, V. C.—"Children's Prayers, Recorded by The Institute of Child Welfare, University of Their Mother." Pilgrim Press. 1928. $1.25. Minnesota—"Child Care and Training." Uni- Dieffenbach, A. C.—"Religious Liberty." Mor- versity of Minnesota, Minneapolis. 1928. $1.00. row. 1927. $1.50. Sidonie Matsner Gruenberg—"Your Child Today ♦Eddy, G. S.—"Religion and Social Justice." Do- and Tomorrow." Third revised edition. Lip- ran. 1927. $1.50. pincott, Philadelphia. 1928. $2.50. Foakes-Jackson, F. J.—"Peter, Prince of Apos- Dorothy Canfield Fisher—"Mothers and Chil- tles." Doubleday. 1927. $2.50. dren." Henry Holt, New York. 1914. $2.00. ♦Fosdick, H. E.—"Pilgrimage to Palestine." Mac- Douglas A. Thorn—"Everyday Problems of the millan. 1927. $2.50. Everyday Child." Appleton, New York. . 1927. Frazer, J. G.—"Man, God, and Immortality." $2.50. Macmilian. 1927. $3.00. Jessie Chase Fenton—"A Practical Psychology of ♦Gilkey, C. W.—"Present-day Dilemmas in Re- Babyhood." Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 1925. ligion." Cokesbury. 1928. $1.50. $3.50. 284 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

Naomi Norsworthy and Mary T. Whitley—"The ecutives who operate, and the manager. The Psychology of Childhood." Macmillan, New York. 1918. $1.80. architect can confidently state the building Frances G. Wickes—"The Inner World of Child- difficulties; the executives know the finan- hood." Appleton, New York. 1927. $3.00. H. L. Hollingworth—"Mental Growth and De- cial and other operating conditions; and the cline—A Survey of Developmental Psychol- manager realizes the necessity for a step- ogy." Appleton, New York. 1927. $3.00. John J. B. Morgan—"The Psychology of the Un- saving and logical arrangement. adjusted School Child." Macmillan, New York. Each department is discussed as a unit 1924. $2.00. L. M. Terman and M. Lima—"Children's Read- and in its relation to the whole. Great em- ing." Appleton, New York. 1925. $2.00. phasis is placed on sanitary requirements. Elizabeth Cleveland—"Training the Toddler." Lippincott, Philadelphia. 1925. $2.00. Construction, finish, shelving, and selection Stanwood Cobb—"The New Leaven." John Day, and placement of equipment are all factors. New York. 1928. $2.50. Charlotte G. Garrison—"Permanent Play Ma- Sanitary finishes are often expensive, but terials for Young Children. Scribner's, New they insure economical upkeep. York. 1926. $1.25. The chapter on efficiency in the store- Rita S. Halle—"Which College?" Macmillan, New York. 1928. $2.00. room is helpful. The reader is impressed Maurice A. Bigelow—"Adolescence." National Health Series. Funk & Wagnalls, New York. with the need for careful analysis of the 1924. 3Sc. different types of supplies to be stored. L. E. Pechstein and A. Laura McGregor—"Psy- With this in mind it is possible to build a chology of the Junior High School Pupil." Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 1924. $2.00. storeroom to admit of all storage depart- Karl de Schweinitz—"Growing Up—The Story of ments from china and glassware to canned How Wc Became Alive." Macmillan, New York. 1928. $1.75. goods and perishables. Benjamin C. Gruenberg—"Parents and Sex Edu- The author discusses at considerable cation." American Social Hygiene Association, New York. 1923. $1.00. length the advantages of carefully planned Michael Guyer—"Being Well Born—An Introduc- dish and silver cleaning departments. He tion to Eugenics." Bobbs Merrill, New York. 1927. $1.50. states the problems and suggests solutions. Julian S. Huxley—"The Stream of Life." Har- Throughout the book one is impressed with per, New York. 1927. $1.00. Anna Garlin Spencer—"The Family and Its Mem- the underlying idea of efficiency as the basis bers." Lippincott, Philadelphia. 1923. $2.00. for plan and management of every phase of Felix Adler—"Moral Instruction of Children." Appleton, New York. 1920. $2.00. institutional activity. In the section devoted to transportation FOR THE INSTITUTIONAL MANAGER and communication an analysis is made of Kitchen Management, By J. O. Dahl. New transportation to determine methods and York: Harper & Brothers. 1928. Pp. 364. $5.00. means. Points in weighing and marking The author of this volume has rendered a are noted as useful aids in facilitating rap- real service to institutional managers by idity and in reducing the number of hand- bringing together in a clear form ideas that lings. are the result of experience and a careful The author makes some prophecy as to study of the scientific, the human, and the future progress in communication. He re- engineering facts that underly so many of fers to the present use of the comparatively the problems that confront the institutional new loud speaking telephones combined manager. with sensitive transmitters. In the opening chapters the writer stress- Throughout the chapters on buying em- es the importance of "building on paper" if phasis is placed on careful study of exist- every factor in the promotion of efficiency ing conditions in order to standardize and economy is to result. The design for a equipment and insure economical efficiency. successful service building should be the The evident changes in the march of combined efforts of the architect, the ex- progress as discussed in the chapters on 285 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER English Grammar. By Kate Smith, Ethel B. super-sanitation, job analysis, and employ- Magee, and S. S. Seward, Jr. Boston; Ginn ee manuals are readable and suggestive. and Company. 1928. Pp. 357. $1.40. This book has many interesting illustra- A book intended for the high school student, full of clear-cut definitions and illustrations, tions and helpful charts. Altogether it is a plenty of exercises, and emphasis and drill upon very usable book and one that should find a the correction of the most common errors. An unusually clear explanation of the verb in all its place on the reference shelf of everyone phases. who has to do with helping to solve the A Guide to Literature for Children. By Wal- food problems of the large group. ter Taylor Field. Boston: Ginn and Company. Clara G. Turner. 1928. Pp.287. A revision of the author's earlier Fingerposts to Children's Reading, which has actually grown OTHER BOOKS OF INTEREST TO into a new book. The volume will be specially TEACHERS useful to teachers, parents, and librarians. Par- ticularly valuable are its lists of good books for Differentiated Assignments in Classroom home and school, its chapter on the teaching of Management. Forms A, B, and C. By E. M. literature, and a thorough treatment of illustra- Paulu. New York: D. C. Heath and Com- tions in children's books. pany. 1928. Accessory Materials: Students References," a "Teacher's Manual, and Ob- A Review of Grammar. By Jonathan M. Dow. jective Tests (for the Instructors Use) and New York: Charles E. Merrill Company. 1927. five class record sheets. Pp. 202. 64 cents. These exercise books use the same psychologi- This is a simple yet thorough presentation of cal procedure in courses in Education as is used the underlying principles of grammar accom- frequently, at present, in other school work in panied by many illustrations and practical appli- which the more alert student, the average stu- cations and exercises. dent. and the slow student move each at his own The diagram is featured as a means for mak- rate, each eventually mastering the material. 1 hey ing clear the relation of the parts of a sentence. are similar in organization to those in the Educa- The ways in which grammar should be applied to tional Problem Series (Public Schoo Publishing composition are stressed in summary. Co.), edited by Guy M. Whipple. The problems are, for the most part, the problems of every Self-Aids in the Essentials of Grammatical teacher, and the objective tests are of a practical Usage. By S. J. O'Rourke, Washington, D. C.: nature. One of the chief values lies m the bibli- Educational and Personnel Publishing Company. ography compiled to fit each and every phase of 1927. Pp.202. $1.00. classroom management. It would seem to require As the title suggests, this book is intended for more time than the average course, but its use is people who are interested in helping themselves feasible. B. J. E. to master the use of the English language. It The Golden Treasury. By Francis T. Palgrave. transfers the responsibility for mastery from the With introduction, notes, etc., by Max J. Uerz- teacher to the student, serving as a guide in work- berg. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ing out his problems. It aims to make self-in- 1927. Pp. 466. 80 cents. struction practical. It provides adequate drill ma- terial, and by a system of self-correction the stu- To the Palgrave notes and introductions has dent learns the principles of correct usage. been added much new material, including lists of Standard progress tests are available for the pur- words for study, exercises based on the poems, pose of checking the accuracy of student-correc- and a number of questions on the poems. tion. Although Self-Aids was written primarily Scaramouche. By Rafael Sabatini. Edited by for students in junior or senior high schools, it Max Herzberg. Boston: Houghton Mifflin could be used to advantage by those who wish to Company. 1927. Pp. 425. 92 cents. study alone. This popular romance of the French Revolution is an excellent bit of parallel reading to accom- Readings from the Old Testament. Edited by pany the study of A Tale of Two Cities. The H. Augustus Miller, Jr. Philadelphia: John story presents also a very complete picture of the C. Winston Company. 1928. Pp. 320. Commedia dell' Arte. It is the failure to recognize the many literary forms with which the Old Testament abounds The Art of Description. By Marjorie Nicol- that has led to so many errors in Bible interpre- son. New York: F. S. Crofts and Company. tation, in the opinion of Mr. Miller—who, by the Pp. 438. way, is a well known teacher of English and as- The book is full of good hints for writing de- sistant principal in the Petersburg (Virginia) scription, with numerous illustrations from out- High School. , r i standing authors, A thorough study and applica- The contents of this volume are therefore clas- tion of the suggestions will prove that the ait of sified under six heads; history, short stories, ora- writing good description can be acquired and that tory, essay, poetry, and drama. it does not merely depend upon a natural gift as is usually supposed. The Talisman. By Sir Walter Scott. Edited 286 THE V1RG1I IA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9 by Francis Kingsley Ball. Boston: Ginn and Company. 1928. Pp. 426. 80 cents. NEWS OF THE COLLEGE This fine example of inexpensive bookmaking AND ITS ALUMNiE makes available in a school edition a well-illus- trated account of the Crusades, well printed and NEWS OF THE COLLEGE well bound. The College opened its doors for the The Normal Diet. By W. D. Sansum. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Company. 1927. Pp. 136. twentieth annual session on Monday, Sep- $1.50. tember 24. The first two days were spent This book discusses simply and in an under- in registering and completing schedules. standable manner the fundamental principles of diet. The needs of the body from a dietary Wednesday, September 26, classes began in standpoint are quite clearly presented. Normal earnest. The enrollment has passed the sev- diet menus are given as well as those for reduc- tion in weight and to overcome the acid-ash type en hundred mark and from all indications of acidosis. will grow during the year. R. F. Weems. Previous to the opening date several stu- Accident Prevention. By Patrick F. Shea. Bos- ton ; D. C. Heath and Company. 1928. Pp. dents were back on the campus and were 86. 68 cents. getting their work in their respective or- The purpose of this book is to lessen the num- ganizations well under way for the year. ber of accidents among school children. The im- portance of the school in doing such work is em- Kathryn Pace, editor-in-chief of the Breeze, phasized, since the schoolroom is recognized as reached the College Friday to have the first the logical place to start such work. Inherited tendencies, bad habits, and ignorance are con- issue of the paper ready by the opening sidered the main causes of accidents. A Safety date. That night Mary Boone Murphy and Patrol plan is offered with complete directions for its formation; the safety code is followed by Florence Reese arrived to start their work all members. Ways by which accident preven- on the Y. W. C. A. and Student Govern- tion may be taught in correlation with various school subjects are given. It should prove to be ment, respectively. Selma Madrin, Rose of value to the teacher who is teaching such rules. Hogge, Eugenia Eley, and several others R. F. Weems. reached the College Saturday to start their The Voyage of Growing Up. By C. E. Turner work for Student Government and Y. W. and Grace T. Hallock. Boston: D. C. Heath and Company. 1928. Pp. 192. 76 cents. organization. When the student body ar- This book offers suggestions for a health pro- rived on Monday, therefore, the leaders of gram in the third and fourth grades. By story and dramatization various health rules are sug- Student Government, Y. W. C. A., and the gested and the importance of each in relation to Breeze had already begun their work. the body is well presented. Comparing the body to a ship and keeping a "ship's log" to record the Five additions to the faculty of the State various health suggestions and discoveries seems Teachers College here have been made for a novel and effective way of presenting the sub- ject of health. the present session. R. F. Weems. Dr. H. G. Pickett has been appointed pro- Community Health. By C. E. Turner and fessor of physics and general science. Dr. Georgie B. Collins. Boston: D. C. Heath and Pickett comes to Harrisonburg from the Company. 1928. Pp. 258. 96 cents. This text, intended for the seventh or eighth University of North Carolina where he re- grade, presents both the social and the personal ceived the PhD. and where he has been an aspects of community health. Various country and city health problems are presented. The pri- instructor in chemistry. Dr. Pickett has mary objective is to continue training in the hab- also taught at the Virginia Polytechnic In- its of healthful living. R. F. Weems. stitute, and for a time was a chemist with the United States Gypsum Company in New York. We ought not to look back unless it is to Raus M. Hanson is associate professor derive useful lessons from past errors, and of geography and has done graduate work for the purpose of profiting by dear bought at the University of Nebraska, from which experience.—George Washington. he holds the master's degree. Mr. Hanson 287 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER has had varied teaching experience in both its editor and Mary Watt as its business junior and senior high schools and in the manager. The annual, the Schoolma'am, is state teachers colleges of Iowa and Illinois. being edited by Lucy S. Gilliam, with Cath- Miss Grace Palmer is associate professor erine Guthrie as its business manager. A of fine arts and comes to Harrisonburg good deal of the photographic work has al- with experience in the state universities of ready been done. Mary Boone Murphy, as Idaho and Arkansas, the Kansas State Ag- Y. W. C. A. president, has gotten the or- ricultural College, and the Miami Univer- ganization off to a fine start. The Athletic sity of Oxford, Ohio. Miss Palmer holds Association has Helen Lineweaver as its the master's degree from Teachers College, efficient leader. New York. The Senior class is most fortunate in Miss Julia Robertson is an associate pro- having a new dining hall this year all its fessor of home economics and serves as own. This room is located in the rear of supervisor of practice teaching in the place Harrison Hall. The formal opening was of Miss Mary E. Morgan, resigned. Miss held on Wednesday evening, October 24. Robertson holds the master's degree from Members of the Junior class are sharing Columbia University and has taught in the it with the Seniors. State Normal School at Valdosta, Georgia, Johnston Hall is a beautiful new dormi- at the A. and M. College at Stillwater, Ok- tory located behind Sheldon Hall. This lahoma, and in the George Peabody Col- building is modem in all respects and is a lege for Teachers. most valuable addition to the College plant. Mrs. Adele Raymond Blackwell is asso- Johnston Hall was named in memory of a ciate professor of home economics and former Harrisonburg professor, James holds the master's degree from the George Chapman Johnston, beloved teacher and Peabody College for Teachers. She has friend of the student body for many years. taught in Coffee High School, Florence, The Home Economics department is most Alabama, Peabody Demonstration School, fortunate in adding to its already fine equip- and in the Nashville College for Women. ment a new practice house. This house is Mrs. Dorothy S. Garber, who last year to be situated near Cleveland Cottage and is served as full-time alumnse secretary, is this most modern. Previous to this time the year devoting half time to this work and practice house has been located off the cam- half time to teaching, following her reap- pus in rented quarters. It is expected that pointment as instructor in science. the new home will be completed and ready Miss Katherine M. Anthony, director of for occupation by the first of the year. the training school, has resumed her posi- Several new sidewalks have been laid, tion after a year's leave of absence for which add a great deal to the appearance of graduate study at the University of Chicago the campus. The roadways are being im- under a fellowship offered by the General proved and the whole campus is taking on a Education Board, and Miss Margaret V. new air. Hoffman has returned to the English de- Classes have organized and are at work partment after a year's graduate work at on their plans for the year. The Seniors the University of Pennsylvania. have chosen as their officers: Annie Bul- Student Government has begun an excel- lock, president; Anne Ragan, vice-presi- lent piece of work with Florence Reese as dent ; Rebecca Jennings, secretary; Gladys president, Frances Bass, vice-president, and Hawkins, treasurer; Anne Proctor, business Selma Madrin, secretary and treasurer. manager; and Elizabeth Miller, sergeant-at- The Breeze has increased from four to six arms. The Junior leaders are: Mary pages each issue, and has Kathryn Pace as Brown Allgood, president; Rose Hogge, 288 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

vice-president; Elizabeth Keminsky, secre- following for officers; Virginia Stark, pres- tary; Evelyn Timberlake, treasurer; Mina ident ; Mrs. Dickie Rhodes, vice-president ; Thomas, business manager; Elizabeth Dix- Elizabeth Brinkley, secretary; Groveen on, sergeant-at-arms. The Sophomore of- Pittman, treasurer; Rebecca Jenings, critic; ficers are: Delphine Hurst, president; Vir- Madeline Anderson, chairman of the pro- ginia Stark, vice-president; Lena Bones, gram committee; Rose Hogge, sergeant-at- secretary; Madeline Anderson, business arms. Seven new members were admitted manager; Betty Douthat, sergeant-at-arms; this quarter: Iva Lou Jones, Dorothy Virginia Gilliam, treasurer. Freshman offi- Stephens, Margaret Simmons, Lelia Shipp, cers are not elected until later in the session. Lenora Barnett, Helene Duvall, and Wilsye The Committee on Entertainment has Hamilton. planned a most pleasing program for the The Page Literary Society has for its year. The first number was the movie, leaders: Sally Kent, president; Dorothy Sorrell and Son, which was shown in Wal- Townsend, vice-president; Elizabeth Coons, ter Reed Hall, Friday, October 26. It was secretary; Lillian Derry, critic; Elizabeth enthusiastically received. On Wednesday, Cockerill, treasurer; Virginia Thomas, October 31, the Boston Women's Symphony chairman of the program committee; Janet Orchestra, conducted by Madame Ethel Biedler, sergeant-at-arms. The new mem- Leginska, gave a most delightful program bers were: Gladys Hawkins, Florence at the College. A large audience heard this Mitchell, and Mary Greene. program, which was quite unusual and en- The Lee Literary Society has for its offi- joyable. cers: Juanita Berry, president; Charlotte What has proved a delight to the Seniors Hackel, vice-president; Marianna Duke, taking high school work was the announce- secretary; Emma Clemons, treasurer; Nell ment that student teaching for this group Vincent, chairman of program committee; will only run one semester from this time Audrey Hines, critic; and Frances Rand on. sergeant-at-arms. The new Lees this quar- Club officers have been chosen and sev- ter were: Betty Bishop, Elizabeth Cox, eral of the societies have admitted new Nellie Cowan, Lena Bones, Vivian Mac- members. The Glee Club has for its offi- Donald, Eugenia Huff. cers : Janet Houck, president; Harriet Pear- The Bluestone Cotillion Club has elected son, vice-president; Emily Wiley, secretary; the following leaders: Harriet Pearson, Lillian Derry, business manager and treas- president; Virginia Thomas, vice-president; urer ; and Ruth Sisson, librarian. The new Bess Cowling, secretary; Irene Garrison, members admitted this quarter are: Evelyn business manager; Axie Brockett, sergeant- Anthony, Florence Mitchell, Betty Bishop, at-arms; and Nan Henderson, treasurer. Elsie Gochenour, Ruth Archibald, Garnet Fourteen new members were admitted to Hamrick, Anna Mendel, Edna Brown, Ruth Cotillion this quarter. These were: Phyllis Sisson, and Margaret Simmons. Palmer, Margaret Simmons, Iva Lou Jones, The Stratford officers are: Elizabeth Lelia Shipp, Madeline Anderson, Doris Hopkins, president; Phyllis Palmer, vice- Bane, Margaret Shackelford, Wilsye Ham- president; Catherine Sponseller, secretary ilton, Fan Bell, Elizabeth Peake, Catherine and treasurer; and Elizabeth Knight, busi- Sponseller, Nell Vincent, Dorothy Town- ness manager. Four new members were ad- send, and Anne Everett. mitted to Stratford this fall Elizabeth The Alpha Literary Society has reorgan- Knight, Anne Mildred Coffman, and Axie ized under the leadership of Eliza Bland Brockett. Murphy, of the Lanier Literary Society, as The Lanier Literary Society chose the president and Irene Garrison, of the Page November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 289

Literary Society, as secretary and treasurer. Lucille Hopkins became the bride of Mr. Alpha is the training ground for the other Claude Moseley, of Baskerville, Virginia, at societies. the home of her mother in McGaheysville. The wedding was solemnized on the lawn ALUMNyE NOTES of the bride's home. ALUMNtE breakfast Justice-Harrison An Alumna Breakfast will be held in the On Wednesday, September 5, Miss Jos- Richmond Hotel, on Thanksgiving morn- ephine Harrison became the bride of John ing, at 8 o'clock. Please notify the Alumna C. Justice, of Onancock, Accomac County Secretary, Mrs. Harry Garber, Box 47, H. at the home of the bride's aunt, Mrs. J. N. T. C., if you want a plate reserved. You Earman, at Harrisonburg. Mr. and Mrs. have to eat somewhere, so eat with us. Justice are now at home in Onancock. Price, 85 cents a plate. Bring your friends Dalton-Hucheson with you, if you do not wish to leave them. Saturday evening, June 13, at 8 o'clock, A registration book will be placed in the Miss Mary Stuart Hucheson was given in hall of John Marshall High School. Please marriage by her mother, Mrs. William T. sign your name and teaching address. Hucheson, at the First Presbyterian WEDDINGS Church, Waynesboro, Virginia, to Mr. Ralph Toms Dalton. Mr. and Mrs. Dalton BoswelTGuntner are at home now in Roanoke, Virginia. A wedding of unusual charm and beauty Perkins-Swift was that of Miss Margaret Guntner, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Guntner, Mrs. Elizabeth Meredith Swift an- who became the bride of Mr. Gordon E. nounces the marriage of her daughter, Boswell, of Black Creek, N. C., at the home Mary Anne, to Mr. Claude Perkins, on Sat- of her parents, at high noon, Wednesday, urday, August 18, New York City. August 22, at Appalachia. Reagan-Lambert Burnside-Bradley Mr. and Mrs. Edgar L. Lambert an- Miss Helen Catlett Bradley, daughter of nounce the marriage of their daughter, Mr. and Mrs. John Slater Bradley, of Har- Clara Frances, to Mr. Maurice Joseph risonburg, became the bride of Mr. Douglas Reagan on Monday, July 23, 1928, in New Davis Bumside, of Washington, at a beau- York City. tiful wedding at the Methodist Church Sat- Harrin gton-Neal urday, August IS, at 8:30 o'clock. Word has been received of the marriage Ridings-Dold of Miss Thelma Neal to Mr. Dinton Har- One of the prettiest home weddings of rington at Ringgold, Virginia. the season took place at Buena Vista, at the Moses-Pence home of the bride's parents, Dr. and Mrs. A marriage of wide interest was solem- Calvin Graham Dold, when Miss Emma nized Saturday, October 6, at the home of Graham Dold became the bride of Mr. Mr. and Mrs. L. R. Burke, Harrisonburg, Garvice Hyte Ridings, of New York City, Virginia, when Mrs. Burke's daughter, son of Mr. and Mrs. Vernon T. Strickler, Miss Margaret Pence, became the bride of of Buena Vista. Mr. Joseph Henry Moses, of Hurt, Vir- M oseley-Hopkins ginia. Mr. and Mrs. Moses will reside in On Tuesday evening, September 4, Miss Hurt, Virginia. 290 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

Pritchett-H enty Shenandoah County Word has been received of the marriage Lena Wolfe, Mt. Jackson, President; of Miss Grace Henty to Mr. J. E. Pritchett, Margaret Magruder, Vice-President; Jessie of Proffitt, Virginia. Smoot, Secretary-Treasurer. Cecil-Monroe Mecklenburg County Mrs. Nannie Benton Monroe announces Mary Drewry, Clarksville, President; the marriage of her daughter, Sarah Agnes, (other officers not reported). to Mr. Lloyd Garland Cecil on Tuesday, Brunswick County August 7, at Unison, Virginia. Mrs. Virginia McCartney Barrow, Al- Shelton-Rodes berta, President; Kathryn Jones, Vice- On August the thirteenth, Miss Alberta President ; Virgie Hammack, Secretary; Rodes became the bride of Mr. Berkley Bessie Keeton, Treasurer. Walter Shelton at the Emmanuel Episcopal Norfolk City Church, Greenwood, Virginia. Louise Elliott, President; Dorothy Rudd, Wise-Lewis Vice-President; Virginia Elver, Secretary. On Saturday, August the fourth, Miss Newport Nezvs Margaret Lynn Lewis was united in mar- President (to be elected); Allene Sinton riage to Mr. Wirt Orem Wise, at Lynn- Smith, Vice-President; Anna Cameron, wood, Virginia. Secretary; Sue Kelly, Treasurer. St aunt on and Augusta County LOYAL ALUMNA DIES Mattie Fitzhugh, President; Lillian Bal- Following only a day's illness Dorothy dock, Secretary. Weaver Williams (B. S., 1920) died at the Buena Vista Rockingham Memorial Hospital in Harri- Stella Pitts, President; Aleida Widdi- field, Vice-President; Dorothy Ridings, sonburg on July 15, 1928. She was visiting Secretary; Elsie Graybill, Treasurer. her friend, Miss Edna Shaeffer, and suc- Harrisonburg cumbed to an attack of diabetes. A loyal President (to be elected) ; Florence alumna of Harrisonburg, Dorothy Williams Fray, Vice-President; Charlotte Yancey Boice, Secretary. had been president of the alumnse chapter Roanoke at Newport News since its organization. Nell Walters, President; Connie Boyd Hodges, Vice-President; Mildred Kling, OFFICERS OF LOCAL ALUMNAE Secretary; Velma Moeschler, Treasurer, CHAPTERS Petersburg Orange County Helen Bowman, President; Margaret Lou Brooking, Orange, President; Gladys Ritchie, Vice-President; Sue Ritchie, Sec- Clarke, Vice-President; Norma Reynolds, retary and Treasurer. Secretary-T reasurer. Culpeper Henry County Blanche Leavell, President; Gibson Emma Pettit, Martinsville, President; Green, Vice-President; Edna Hutcherson, Mildred Williamson, Secretary-Treasurer. Secretary; Hester Thomas, Treasurer. 291 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

EXTRACTS OF LETTERS OF THE and it was fine to see her and talk over old ALUMNiE times! "If any of our class return for our re- Elsie Burnett, Petersburg Hospital, union, please give them my best and tell Petersburg, Va. them where I am living. If any of them "Nothing could give me more pleasure get down this way, tell them to stop in Hol- than a visit to Blue Stone Hill. However, lywood and anyone can tell them where we I am filling the position of dietitian here, live. It is surely fine to see people from and it will be impossible for me to attend home when you are so far away. Commencement. "I am sending a picture of my young We have had two Alumnae meetings, and daughter. She was born January 30th, and we hope to work for H. T. C. we are 'some' proud of her." Your sketches made me homesick, but I'm still hoping to be back one of these MORE LETTERS FROM ALUMN3E days The Alumnae Secretary certainly appre- Mary Lacy Lyle, Central College, ciates such letters as these from her "sis- Fayette, Mo. ters." So many Alumnae wrote such com- "Your very attractive and cordial invi- plimentary letters regarding the invitations tation to be with 'the girls' on Bluestone sent out at Commencement concerning the Hill for the Finals has been received. I return to Alma Mater, that it is impossible only wish I, like Lindy, might take to the to print all of them here. The following air and be among you at that time. Alas! are typical: the pocket-book is too empty for such a From Louise Houston Alexander venture. "It does my heart good to hear of the "That letter was a hum-dinger! It made Faculty who linger on, and who add so me want to drop everything—including the much to the pleasure of the Alumnae who baby—and start packing my bag. return from time to time. They are the "My latest addition to the family is six ones who keep the spirit of the school weeks old—which presents problems! How- aglow, and with the thoughts of that in our ever, I am reserving a place at the banquet." hearts it is easier to carry on! From Virginia McCartney Barrow, Alberta "This June will complete my second year "If anything in the world would make at this co-educational school (Methodist). the Alumnae just have to return for Com- The College is growing and they are about mencement, that illustrated letter would! to complete an extensive building program. My main objection to it (the school) is the "Now, in answer to your letter of Feb- distance from home. This summer I am ruary, let me say that I am always glad to to be at the University of Chicago for six do anything in the world for H. T. C weeks, then home to Virginia!" "I had a regular 'old-time' meeting at Laura Henley Willis, Hollywood, Florida my shanty for the Brunswick Alumnae and " Am going down to Miami we organized a Local Chapter of the Alum- to see Louise Shumadine Chinn this after- na Association. We planned to meet early noon. I am so glad to have one of the H. next fall and decide on some place of in- T. C. girls near. This winter, Edith Shu- terest where we can get our husbands to madine was on from Lincoln, Nebraska, take us on a picnic." 292 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9, No. 9

From Carolyn Ruian Beehe, decided to assess each member to re-im- Stillman Valley, 111. burse our treasury. " .... I am interested in all that per- Respectfully submitted, Esther M. Evans, tains to Harrisonburg and may go there on Secretary Richmond Alumnss Chapter. my way bade home. Do you suppose there would be any one there who remembers ALUMN2E CLASS SECRETARIES 'way back when ' " Attention! If you have any news for Surely, Carolyn, we still have Dr. Way- your Alma Mater, please send to your class land and Miss Cleveland! Alumnae Secretaries at once. The material will be turned over to the State Alumnae REPORT OF THE RICHMOND Secretary for publication. If your Class ALUMNiE CHAPTER has not an Alumnae Secretary, send the ma- terial to the Alumnae Office until such a The Richmond Chapter of the Harrison- Secretary is elected. We are always inter- burg Alumnae Association send greetings to ested in our ex-students and would appreci- the Alma Mater and beg to submit the fol- ate any co-operation from you. lowing report. We have notifications of the Alumnae We have had quite an active year. At Secretaries of the following classes: our first meeting, we made plans for the Class '23—Marjorie Ober, Ashland Cir- Thanksgiving Luncheon at which we were cle, Norfolk. happy to be the hostesses. A committee Class '26—Courtney Garland, Chase City. was appointed to take charge of affairs. Margaret Herd was appointed chairman. JAMES C. JOHNSTON MEMORIAL She called several meetings at which the FUND favors were made, decorations planned, etc. A motion was made and carried at the The most delightful occasion of the year June Alumnae meeting, to raise $6,000 for was the visit of our President, Mr. Duke, the James C. Johnston Memorial Fund. and our Alumnae Secretary, Mrs. Garber, The interest, per year, will be used to put on October 11, 1927. Quite a number of some worthy girl through school. our Association were on hand to greet them. The suggestions made by your commit- Mr. Duke talked of the plans for the Col- tee are that part of the money of this fund lege which was of great interest to all those be raised through Local Alumnae Chapters, present. at the rate of a dollar a member, with the minimum of $20.00 where there are less The Thanksgiving Banquet was a most delightful affair when again we met our than that number of members. This sum should be raised and turned in before Com- President and members of the Faculty. mencement next year (1929). Many of these were strangers to us, but we Committee: were glad of the opportunity to meet and Minnie Louise Haycox, Chairman welcome them. Emma Dold Again on February 14, 1928, we had the Barbara Swartz pleasure of entertaining the Glee Club in our homes when they came to our city to Teacher (during history lesson) : "What broadcast. We entertained them at White's are the races that have dominated England Restaurant, at supper, the night they ar- since the invasion of the Romans?" rived. Small Boy: "The Derby and the Grand Instead of our annual card party, it was National, Miss." 293 November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

ALUMNAE BANQUET PROGRAM, Where'er you have wandered, our hearts have followed you, 1928 Always to find you loyal, always to find Welcome—Elizabeth Rolston. you true. Toastmaster—President Duke. Go on witn your work, for Alma Mater's sake, To the Class of T3—Dr. Wayland. And come back to see us again in 1938! Response—Anna Ward. (Attaboy, Mrs. Moody.) To the Class of 1918—Mrs. Moody. Climax number III. Response—Dorothy Williams. To the Class of '23—Dr. Gifford. Mr. Logan ; Response—Peggy Moore. It seems to me that I am scarce the one To welcome you, in phrase of wit or pun, To the Graduating Classes—Mr. Logan. But Dorothy has said the fatal word Response—^Virginia Turpin, Mina Thom- And I, obedient, must pretend I heard. as. To keep me brief she bade me speak in In order to keep the Alumnae Banquet rime. Program "snappy," the Secretary requested Virginia Turpin : all those taking part in the program to have their toasts in rime. Read the following If this keeps up, we'll have a gummy time. "efforts." Mr. Logan : Effort number I As I just said (when Turpin spoke her mind), Here are a few of the Class of '23 It is my joy to bid you cease your grind, Who have just come back to visit you. To bid you welcome to this little feast, We notice some things, two or three, To say we're glad your student days have That show our work is still in view. ceased, The "Campus Cat" in your Annual fair To tell both Sophs and Seniors—gay, sub- The Breeze that blows on your campus lime, still Mina Thomas: "The Purple and Gold," that beautiful He's nowhere near the end! This is a air, crime! We started and worked for with a will. Mr. Logan : So every five years, from far and near, You'll have a few of this loyal band Now Mina has a way of speaking out For our thoughts are always with you That well might flabbergast a heart less here stout, And we're proud to see you grow and But I shall speed my words of welcome ex-pand. through As I am sure that you would have me do. (Three cheers for Peggy Moore!) And so, in ending with this welcome rime— Effort number II. Turpin and Thomas : Welcome, Class of '18, after ten long All banquet talks should be in pantomime. years, All Three; We've not forgotten one of you, you still to us are dears, And now to Dorothy we three make bow! 294 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol.9, NO. 9

We've said our pieces, and we'll finish now. Mrs. M. B. Washington, '25. Lila Lee Riddell, '24. You asked for welcome and for quick Anne V. Council, '26. reply. Elizabeth Collins, '23. Margaret Clark, '26. Mr. Logan : You all are welcome! Mary Payne, '27. Kathleen Hailey, '23. "Bill" Porter, '27. Turpin: So say I! Emily Round Lewis, '21. Mary Cauthorn, '27. Thomas: And I! Evelyn Moseley, '27. Louise Houston Alexander, '24. (We wish you could have heard this Nan Vaughn, '25. one.) Sue Kelly, '25. Helen L. Bowman, '19. Sue Ritchie, '24. Violette Rainey Burns, '19. REGISTRATION OF ALUMNAS AT Ruby Hale, '27. Helen Bellinger, '27. COMMENCEMENT—1928 Zelia Wisman, '28. Martha Seebert, '27. In order of registration: Hazel Branch Landis, '26. Elizabeth Yancey Hicks, '21. Emma Winn, '27. Pauline Callender, '27. Marjorie Ober, '27. Kate Pruden Six, '17. Emma Bold, '26. Mary Pratt Folks, '23. Anna H. Ward, '13. Mae Burke Fox, '23. Courtney Garland, '26. Dorothy Spooner Garber, '20. Elizabeth Rolston, '26. Marjorie Jones, '23. DUES PAID Virginia Dowden, '27. The 1927-28 dues to the Alumnae Association Barbara Schwartz, '24. have been paid by the following: Susie Geoghagen, '24. Acton, Helen P. Lucy Land Purdum, '21. Anderson, Mrs. Margaret Jarvis Velma Barker, '26. Alexander, Mrs. Louise Houston A. Lillian Baldock, '25. Barham, Frances Sarah Ellen Bowers, '27. Bailey, Constance Eugenia Helen Kerr, '27. Barrett, Mildred Evelyne Holland, '26. Barrow, Mrs. Virginia McCartney Alene Alphin, '25. Berrey, Linda Sparks Christine Long Rodes, '22. Bertshey, Bessie Elizabeth Ellmore, '27. Boisseau, Loula S. Ruby Brill Hoover, '19. Bolton, C. Kathryn Evelyn S. Coffman, '25. Bonsack, Catherine Ruth A. Sexton, '21. Borden, Helen Edith Ward. '25. Bradford, Mrs. Helen Bertha McCollum, '26. Brock, Mrs. Tom Peggy Moore, '23. Brubaker, Gladys Anne Hundley Dovel, '21. Burnett, Elsie Minnie Louise Haycox, '23. Cauthorn, Mary E. Sarah Elizabeth Thompson, '27. Cale, Nellie C. Helen B. Yates, '27. Callender, Mrs. Reba Suter. Jessie Rosen Shomo, '27. Cameron, Anna S. Frances Sibert, '23. Carroll, Elizabeth A. Kathryn McNeil, '24. Chandler, Mary Will Tenney Cline Wolfrey, '15. Coiner, Mildred Elizabeth Kelley Davis, '13. Collins, Elizabeth Martha Miller, '13. Conell, Mrs. M. W. Dorothy Williams, '20. Cook, Ruby Rachel F. Weems, M. D., '17. Cowling, Margaret B. Lennis Shoemaker, '25. Cox, Nancy Eunice Rohr, '25. Cox, Virginia Ethel R. Hoover, '25. Cundiff, Lottie Helen Bargamin, '26. Dalton, Lossie Charlotte Wilson, '26. Davis, Hazel Elizabeth Johnson, '26. Davis, Marie F. Miriam Buckley Sparker, '17. Deaver, Nellie R. Elizabeth Buckley, '26. Bellinger, Ruth Helen Quigg, '26. Dennis, Mrs. Marion Marshall Ruth Jones, '26. Dickerson, Carrie L. Mary Strickler, '27. Dowden, Mrs. Virginia Anders N ovember, 1928] THE VIR GIN IA TEACHER Plummer, Mrs. Morris E. Duncanson, Mary E. Prickett, Mrs. Pauline Layman Elver, Virginia Reynolds, Mildred Evans, Esther M. Rielly, Ruth Evans, Sarah Rush, Mrs. C. C. Fagge, Marion Senger, Merle Fitzhugh, Mattie Sexton, Ruth Foster, Sue_ Shenk, Mrs. Helen Early Furry, Virginia Shipman, Ethel L. Goodman, Adrienne Showalter, Grace E. Gross, Pauline Showalter, Ruth P. Grubb, Elizabeth M. Skinner, Mrs. John L. Grubbs, Naomi Hardesty Smith, Ola Dean Hardesty, Lucille Smith, Ruby R. Harding, Mrs. Shirley McKenney Smith, Virginia W. Hawkins, Mrs. Herbert Smoot, Jessie Haycox, Minnie Louise Sparrow, Rebecca K. Heatwole, Wintie M. Stephenson, Elsie Heizer, Virginia Stickley, Julia E. Hinton, Mary B. Strickler, Mary C. Hodges, Mary Preston Styne, Virginia _ Hodges, Mrs. Constance Boyd Sullivan, Eva Lily Hollar, Ethel Taliaferro, Ruth Hopkins, Lucille Trussell, E. Lizzie Hoshour, Mildred Wade, Mrs. Pearl Potter Hoover, Mae Walters, Nell D. Hoover, Mrs. Saylor White, Dorothy Hoover, Mrs. Ralph Will, Lena Hopkins, Ellen Warren Williams, Brownie Huddle, Eula M. Wilson, Charlotte Huffard, Henrietta Winn, Emma Jackson, E. Ridgley Wisman, Zelia Jeffreys, Mrs. Edith L. Wolfe, Lena Jones, Dawn Thelma Wood, Florence Joyce, Maggie L. Zetty, Florence H. Keeton, Bessie Keeton, Lucille F. In addition to those named in the pre- Kellara, A. Virginia Kerr, Helen ceding list, thirty-nine alumna; at com- Keezel, Julia mencement paid dues, as follows: Kirkpatrick, Lorena A. Lamberth, Lucille Bargamin, Helen Lanier, Lillian Baldock, A. Lillian Lindamood, Lena Barker, Velma Long, Mrs. W. E. Bowers, Sarah Ellen Lucas, Virginia Buckley, Elizabeth M. Lewis, Margaret Clarke, Frances Lee Lyle, Mary Lacey Coffman, Evelyn S. McCollum, Bertha Cullers, Annie Vivian McCown, Mary Cullers, Jessie McClung, Lucille Davis, Mrs. Landon McNeil, Kathryn Delvin, Annie E. Magruder, Olive Duke, E. Marshall, Lucy M. Ellmore, Elizabeth Martyn, Margaret T. Garland, Courtney Maxwell, Mrs. Octavia Goode Hailey, Kathleen Meadow, Louise Hucheson, Mary Stuart Miller, Lottie Jones, Marjorie Miller, Irma Jones, Sherwood Miller, Malta O. Johnson,_ M. Elizabeth Miller, Vada C. Lay, Claire V. Moomaw, Annie Mackey, Margaret Moseley, Evelyn Marquatt, Rebecca Mothershead, Evelyn Mae Miller, Martha Nye, Mrs. John S. Moore, Margaret Payne, Mary Ida Purdum, Mrs. Lucy Land Pearman, Grace Quigg, Helen Pearman, Katherine Rodes, Mrs. Christine Penn, Lillian Rohr, Eunice Pettit, Emma Schwartz, Barbara Perry, Golda M. Scoggin, Bessie Pitts, Stella Shoemaker, Lennis 296 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol.9, No. 9

Sparker, Mrs. Miriam Buckley Funkhouser, Mrs. C. A. Stonesifer, Lillian Garber, Dorothy Spooner Swartz, Bessie Hardaway, Etna Swartz, Ruth Herd, Margaret Vaughan, Nan Heyl, Grace Washington, Mrs. M. B. Johnson, Frieda Williams, Dorothy Lipscorab, Eunice Wolfrey, Mrs. Tenny Cline Mitchell, Elizabeth L. Moeschler, Velma LIFE MEMBERS OF THE ALUMNzE Nicol, Jean B. ASSOCIATION Ober, Marjorie Paul, Ruth K. For the sum of $10.00, graduates may be- Riddel, Lila Lee come life members in the Alumnae Associa- Roane, Nancy Rolston, Elizabeth tion. The list of life members follows: Shomo, Jesse Rosen Ashmead, Pauline Six, Kate Pruden Beebe, Mrs. Carolyn Ruan Ward, Anna H. Berrey, Ada Lee Ward, Helen Bowers, Sarah Ellen Weems, Rachel Buchanan, Ruth Virginia Yates, Helen B. Burkhart, Elizabeth Melville Geoghagen, Susie CHAPTER RECEIPTS Gilliam, Anne B. The Alumnse Office reports the receipt of Cox, Dorothy Dingledine, Agnes Stribbling the following: Dold, Emma (Mrs. Ridings) Dold, Ruth Harrisonburg Local Alumnae Chapter. $ 41.75 Dovel, Anne Hundley Norfolk Local Alumnae Chapter 12.00 Drewry, Mary Ann Newport News Local Alumnae Chapter 50.00 Eberhart, Thelma Roanoke Local Alumnae Chapter 20.00 Elliott, Louise Staunton Local Alumnae Chapter 16.00 Farrar, Janet Winchester Local Alumnae Chapter.... 15.60 Ferebee, Mary Fray, Lucille Early $155.35

WHERE THE 1928 GRADUATES ARE In reply to the request of the Alumnae Secretary have come cards showing the present occupation and location of last year's graduates in both the two and four-year classes. The list follows: Name Occupation Location Mary Moore Aldhizer Teaching, History, and Civics Cherrydale Janie E. Anderson Teaching . Vinton Pauline Armentrout Teaching . Roanoke Sadye Ash well Teaching . Quantico Margaret Baillio Teaching .Princess Anne Louise Barker Student, H. T. C Anna B. Barrett Not located Mabel F. Beale Teaching . South Norfolk Katherine Bedout Not located Beatrice Bell Teaching, 2B Grade Hill Crest Hall, Roanoke Emma Bell Teaching Nassawadox C. Mildred Berryman Teaching, 3rd Grade Clarendon Janie Bickers Teaching Kinderhook Louise Bloxom Teaching Parksley Marguerite Bloxom Teaching Richmond Virginia Harvey (Boyd) Teaching Roanoke Catherine T. Branch Teaching, 1st Grade Richmond Mildred Brinkley Not located Helen R. Browne Teaching, 1st and 2nd Grades Clarendon Helen V. Brown Teaching Norfolk Lelia K. Burner Teaching, Primary Grades Woodstock Frances Cabell Teaching, English and History Bridgewater V. Helen Callahan Teaching Mt. Hermon Ferne Carpenter Teaching Thorn Hill Cornelia Carroll Teaching Mt. Airy, N. C. November, 1928] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER

Name Occupation Location Margaret V. Chandler Teaching, Home Economics Weyers Cave Mary M. Clarke Teaching Barboursyille Dorothy Cox Teaching Charles City Bertha E. Cook Teaching LaCrosse Estelle S. Crockin Not located Virginia A. Curtis Teaching Hampton Elizabeth Lucille Davis Student, H. T. C Lucy Davis Teaching Windsor Martha E. Derrick Teaching Ronceverte, W. Va. Ruby V. Dixon Teaching Fox Hill Ruth E. Dold Teaching, 4th Grade Buena Vista Gertrude Drinker Student, H. T. C Virginia Eans Teaching Brownsburg Isla B. Eastham Teaching Staunton Rebecca Emory Teaching Norview Jessie L. Fadely Teaching, 6th Grade Berryville Madeline Faulconer Teaching Orange uantlt Hazel Farrar Teaching QT ;o Mary Ellen Fray Teaching, Math and Latin Upperville Hazel V. Foltz Teaching Luray Mary Foltz Teaching Timberville Maude Forbes Student H. T. C Anne Garrett Teaching Leasburg, N. C. Lorraine Gentis Teaching, Junior High Norfolk Edith M. Glick Student H. T. C Helen M. Goodson Teaching Norfolk Gertrude Green Teaching Nottoway Amanda Griffith Teaching Catlett Dorothy Hearring Teaching Fentress Ida Hicks Student H. T. C Mary Owen Hill Student U. Va Charlottesville Helen Holladay Teaching Charleston, W. Va. Edna Holland Not located Virginia L. Hoover Teaching H. E Chatham Mrs. E. P. Hooley Student, H. T. C Virginia Hughes Teaching Ore Bank Cora Johnson Teaching, 5th Grade Norfolk Lola C. Johnson Student, U. Va Charlottesville Page Johnson Teaching Richlands Beth Jordan Teaching Timberville Dorothy V. Keller Teaching, 3rd Grade Strasburg Mildred Kline Teaching Hobuchen, N. C. Elizabeth Knight Student, H. T. C Adelia Krieger Teaching Hopewell Rowena Lacy Teaching Portsmouth Isabel Lanford Teaching, 7th Grade Amherst Virginia Little Teaching Palmyra Linda Malone Student, H. T. C Olivia Malmgren Fox Hall Dairy Norfolk Mary E. Malone Teaching, 6th Grade Roanoke Katherine Manor 4th Grade Brunswick, Md. Drucilla Martin Teaching H. E Bernice Mercer Teaching Norfolk Mary Botts Miller Teaching Smedley Sarah C. Milnes Teaching H. E Chase City Anne Mitchell Not located Ellen F. Montgomery Teaching Kerrs Creek Inez K. Morgan Teaching Harrisonburg Charlotte Moubray Teaching Bergton Anne Moss Moore Teaching H. E Middlesex, N. C. Carrie Joe Moore Not located Lyda Moore Teaching Callands Louise Moseley Teaching Deep Creek Mary Emily Murray Student U. Va Charlottesville Sylvia Myers Teaching Harrisonburg Virginia Myers Teaching Welch, W. Va. Mary McNeil Teaching English S. Charleston, W. Va, Jane Nickell Teaching 3rd and 4th Scranton, Pa. May M. Nicholls Teaching 1st Grade Norfolk Mildred Neale Teaching Peonian Springs 298 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 9. No, 9

Name Occupation Location Margie Neff Teaching Graves Mill Josephine Nuckols Teaching Whittles M, Virginia Oakes Teaching Whitmell Frances M. Pattie Teaching Brightwood Mary Y. Payne Teaching Rochelle R. Alease Perdue Teaching Matoica Cameron Phillips Teaching Harrisonburg Louise Phillips Student H. T. C Geneva M. Phelps Teaching Churchland Mary Gordon Phillips Married Williamsburg Elsie Proffitt Teaching Roanoke Ruth S. Quisenberry Teaching Mineral Louise Kathryn Renalds Student H. T. C Hazel M. Reynolds Teaching Appomattox Suella Reynolds Student H. T. C Nellie Rhodes Teaching Culpeper Louise Robertson Not located Mary Betty Rodes Student H. T. C Magdeline Roller Teaching H. E Salem Elizabeth Ruhrman Teaching in private school Reading, Pa. Ruth Sampson Teaching, Primary Grades McMullen Margaret Sexton Teaching, 1st Grade Great Bridge Pearl D. Smith Teaching Clifford Ruby Smith Teaching Irvington Kathryn B. Snapp Teaching Newburn Louise P. Sneed In training U. Va. Hospital Martha A. Spencer Teaching Norfolk Shippie M. Tanner Teaching Chester, Pa Alice R Tatum H. E. Demonstrator Lawrenceville Lucy R. Taylor Teaching Bluefie d Elizabeth Terrie Teaching - Norfolk Charlotte R. Turner Teaching, H. E Hendersonville, N. C. Mayme Snow Turner Teaching Cherrydale Virginia Turpin Teaching, Junior High Norfolk Ruby Trussell Teaching Pae>Sma,n Springs Verna May Vaughn Teaching, 1st Grade. R. No. 3, Hampton Mary Lou Venable Private School, 1st Grade Charleston, W. Va. Ethel M. Vernon Teaching ^.Tllz Grace Wade Teaching, 6th Grade Capron Marion Wagner Teachin| Pearrisburg Eila Watts Teaching Ballston Velma Wessells Teaching Onancock Elizabeth Will Teaching Cypers Chapel Doris Willey Teaching ?or£?lk Kathryn Womeldorf Teaching Broadway Mary E. Worsham Teaching, 1st Grade Plymouth, N. C. Rose Youngblood Teaching Valley Center Nettie Yowcll Student H. T. C

OUR CONTRIBUTORS OUiO^O^OailOSSOffiO^O^'iO^OSiiOSiiOSOSSOffiOSO JOHN MARTIN is the genial editor of John g TTtCTEtT?V TTin P<5 Martin's Book, probably the most distinctive o ±1151 Urtl LlEHi o of magazines for children. This paper served M as a basis for a lecture delivered before a class ^ By JOHN W. WAYLAND in children's literature at Columbia University O in the summer session of 1928. g j, WILLIAM M. BROWN is professor of educa- g a Manual for Use with Wayland s tion at Washington and Lee University, MO S SSSe „?rs.™d.V MuSoffid S Ite 1 of for Boys and Girls University of Virginia last August. Q 1S5 HELEN BROOKER is a junior in the State g Postpaid, 25c Teachers College at Harrisonburg, and pre- ^ pared this unit of work in connection with her Q -i t-tt-) r^TMT A TFAGTTFR teaching in the training school. ( g THE VIRGINIA iEACLLEK DABNEY S. LANCASTER is secretary of the m Harrisonburg State Board of Education, Richmond, Vir- <3 ,r . . ginia. £ u O Virginia DAMm™Is?oc?^n onJiVcollege"1"' ' ' THE VIRGINIA TEACHER iOsSOaOSOffiOSOSSOSOSSOSO^OSOffiOffiOSSOSOSOaffiOaOSO^OKO^O^OffiOKO^OffiOSSOSCBiOKO^O i AX/E PROTECT YOU. We are big enough to take care of your wants. If g VV you see anything advertised by any firm in the Valley of Virginia, we be- O lieve we can furnish it for the same price—or less. Send us the advertisement o and we will see that you get it through pur Mail _ p C/^MQ ^ Order Department. Write us for prices and |j, ill I-* 1 CjC q g samples. Special prices to the Faculty and Col- Va. o i^0^oS^O^OSOSOS:O^OK>aO>SOSQO^O^OSOffiOSOffiOSOSOffiOffiO»ffiOffiOsS

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HARRISONBURG, VA.

MEMBER ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF THE SOUTHERN STATES CLASS "A" MEMBER AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEACHERS COLLEGES

Established by the General Assembly 1910. Annual enrollment, 1,300. Faculty of 60 well-trained and experienced college teachers. Located in the Shenandoah Valley. Elevation 1,300 feet. Campus of 60 acres. Beautiful mountain environment. O Fifteen college buildings. Total value college plant, $1,200,000. Both city and rural training schools. Athletic field and tennis courts. Two gymnasiums. Nine-hole golf course. Two swimming pools (indoor and outdoor).

Harrisonburg is a delightful and progressive city of 7,000 inhabitants, people of culture and refinement, deeply interested in the welfare of the College and its students.

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