DOCSLIB.ORG

U–Pb and Re–Os Isotopic Systematics and Zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ Ratios in the Shiyaogou Mo Deposit in Eastern Qinling, Central Chin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
U–Pb and Re–Os Isotopic Systematics and Zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ Ratios in the Shiyaogou Mo Deposit in Eastern Qinling, Central Chin Ore Geology Reviews 55 (2013) 29–47 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Ore Geology Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/oregeorev U–Pb and Re–Os isotopic systematics and zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios in the Shiyaogou Mo deposit in eastern Qinling, central China: Insights into the oxidation state of granitoids and Mo (Au) mineralization Yigui Han a,b,⁎, Shihong Zhang a, Franco Pirajno c, Xuewu Zhou d, Guochun Zhao b, Wenjun Qü e, Shihua Liu f, Jiangming Zhang f, Haibin Liang f, Ke Yang a,f a State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China b Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong c Centre for Exploration Targeting, School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia d Faculty of Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China e National Research Center of Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China f The Sixth Gold Exploration Branch of Armed Police, Sanmenxia 472000, China article info abstract Article history: The newly-discovered Shiyaogou molybdenum deposit is located in the eastern Qinling metallogenic belt in Received 5 November 2012 central China. The deposit contains at least 152,000 t of Mo metal and bears typical porphyry-type features in Received in revised form 23 April 2013 terms of its concentric alteration zonation, quartz vein-hosted Mo mineralization, veining sequence and the Accepted 23 April 2013 spatial association with concealed granite porphyries. Re–Os isotope analyses of molybdenite from the de- Available online 29 April 2013 posit yield an ore-forming age of 132.3 ± 2.8 Ma. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon dating of ore-related porphyries yields crystallization ages from 135 Ma to 132 Ma, indicating a temporal link between granitic magmatism Keywords: Eastern Qinling and Mo mineralization. A population of captured magmatic zircons indicates another pulse of magmatism Shiyaogou at ~143 Ma. A barren granite intrusion near the deposit gives a zircon U–Pb age of 148.1 ± 1.1 Ma. These Porphyry molybdenum deposit magmatic activities were concurrent with the emplacement of the nearby Heyu granitic batholith, a largely U–Pb dating ore-barren intrusive complex formed from ~148 Ma to ~127 Ma. Zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios of ore-related por- Re–Os dating phyries are obviously higher than those of contemporaneous barren granitoids, implying an affinity between Ce anomaly Mo mineralization and highly oxidized magmas. Moreover, zircons from these granitoids overall have de- creasing Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios from 148 Ma to 132 Ma, reflecting decreasing oxygen fugacities during magma evolution. Available geological, radiometric and stable isotopic evidence suggests that the decrease of magma oxygen fugacity was probably associated with an increase of mantle contribution to granitic magmatism and metallogenesis, which probably gave rise to successive mineralization of Mo and Au in the eastern Qinling. The intense magmatic–metallogenic events in the eastern Qinling during Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous times are interpreted as a response to the large-scale lithosphere thinning and subsequent asthenosphere upwelling beneath the eastern part of the North China Craton. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction (2011b), along the Mianlue suture in the Jurassic. The region of eastern Qinling, referred to here, comprises the southern margin of the NCC The ~2000 km long Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt, extending east– and northeastern part of the Qinling belt (Fig. 1) since both units have westward in central China, was assembled by the collision between the been involved into an intracontinental tectonism since the Late Mesozoic North China craton (NCC) and the Yangtze craton (YZC) (Fig. 1). The (Dong et al., 2011b; Meng and Zhang, 1999; Zhang et al., 2001). This re- final stage of the collision probably took place along the Shangdan suture gion has been recognized as a world-class molybdenum (Mo) ore district intheLateTriassic(Ames et al., 1993; Hacker et al., 1998; Kröner et al., and one of the most important gold (Au) and polymetallic ore districts in 1993; Mattauer et al., 1985; Meng and Zhang, 2000; Ratschbacher et China (Mao et al., 2011b). These ore deposits were dominantly formed in al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2001) or, as recently documented by Dong et al. an interval from ~235 Ma to ~110 Ma and have been received much in- vestigation in the last decade (Chen and Wang, 2011; Chen et al., 2008a, 2009a; Fan et al., 2011; Han et al., 2007a; C.Y. Li et al., 2011; N. Li et al., 2011; J.W. Li et al., 2012b; N. Li et al., 2012c; Mao et al., 2002, 2008, ⁎ Corresponding author at: Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. Tel.: +852 28578913. 2011b; Stein et al., 1997; Xu et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2007, 2011; Zhu E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Han). et al., 2009). 0169-1368/$ – see front matter © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.04.006 30 Y. Han et al. / Ore Geology Reviews 55 (2013) 29–47 Fig. 1. Generalized geological map of the eastern Qinling area (modified after HBGMR, 1989; Mao et al., 2008), also showing the sampling site of 08LC57-1. Mo deposits: 1—Quanjiayu, 2—Shiyaogou, 3—Shangfanggou, 4—Sandaozhuang, 5—Nannihu, 6—Shapoling, 7—Leimengou, 8—Nangou, 9—Shimengou, 10—Banchang; Au deposits: 11—Hongtuling, 12—Dongchuang, 13—Liushugou, 14—Kangshan, 15—Qiyugou, 16—Qianhe; Granite batholiths: WY—Wenyu, NNS—Niangniangshan, ML—Mangling, HSI—Huashani, WZS—Wuzhangshan, Heyu—Heyu, TSM—Taishanmiao, LJS—Laojunshan, ELP—Erlangping. Molybdenum ore deposits in the eastern Qinling occur primarily as this deposit exceed 152,000 t (Zhang, 2010). The deposit is suggested porphyry and porphyry-skarn types and are spatially and genetically to be porphyry-type and formed at ~133 Ma (Y.L. Gao et al., 2010), associated with small granitic porphyry intrusions (Chen and Wang, which coincides with the nearest granite batholith (Heyu batholith, 2011; N. Li et al., 2012c; Mao et al., 2008; Zhu et al., 2009). By contrast, Fig. 1) that has been well documented recently (X.Y. Gao et al., large volumes of Late Mesozoic granitic plutons/batholiths distributed 2010; Guo et al., 2009; Han et al., 2007b; N. Li et al., 2012b; Mao et in the eastern Qinling are usually barren, such as Wuzhangshan, Heyu, al., 2010). Ore-bearing granitic porphyries have been discovered at Huashani, Laojunshan, Taishanmiao in the Xiong'er–Waifang Moun- depth beneath the deposit, which enables us to study the variation tains, and Huashan, Niangniangshan and Wenyu in the Xiaoqinling of oxidation states of ore-related/barren granitoids by an index of zir- (or lesser Qinling) Mountains (X.Y. Gao et al., 2010; Guo et al., 2009; con Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios (Ballard et al., 2002). In combination with geol- Han et al., 2007b; Mao et al., 2010; N. Li et al., 2012b). The genetic rela- ogy, U–Pb and Re–Os systematics, we discuss the genetic links tionships between the small porphyries and large plutons are still de- between magmatism and metallogenesis in the region and their tec- bated: the ore-related porphyries were evolved from deep-seated tonic implications in the eastern Qinling metallogenic belt. granite plutons (Mao et al., 2008, 2010; N. Li et al., 2012b), or they are essentially the same in origin except that they may represent different 2. Geological background intrusive depths (Chen et al., 2000). This controversy has led to different metallogenic models proposed for the formation of granitoids and Mo– 2.1. Regional geology Au deposits in the eastern Qinling belt (Chen et al., 2009a; J.W. Li et al., 2012a; Mao et al., 2008; Zhu et al., 2009). However, the oxidation states The general geology of the southern margin of the NCC and the of these granitoids and their significance to metallogenesis have not northeastern part of the Qinling belt, which constitute the eastern been fully investigated. Since the oxidation state of melts and fluids is Qinling region, is described separately (Fig. 1). The southern margin of a very important variable that can influence the behavior of Mo, Cu the NCC is generally named the region bounded by the Sanmenxia– andAu(Bali et al., 2012; Ballard et al., 2002; Blevin and Chappell, Lushan fault to the north and Luanchuan fault to the south. The region 1992; Candela and Bouton, 1990; Czamanske and Wones, 1973), in shares the same basement-cover sequence to the NCC, namely an Ar- this study we investigate the oxidation states of ore-bearing and barren chean to Paleoproterozoic basement, covered by Mesoproterozoic to granitoids and their relations to Mo (Au) mineralization by considering Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. The crystalline basement of the NCC the case of the newly-discovered Shiyaogou Mo deposit in the eastern was affected by two Paleoproterozoic tectonic events: a 1.95–1.92 Ga Qinling. collision between the Yinshan Block and the Ordos Block to form the The Shiyaogou molybdenum deposit is located in the southern Western Block, and a ~1.85 Ga collision between the Western and the Xiong'er Mountains on the southern margin of the NCC (Fig. 1). It Eastern Blocks along the Trans-North China Orogen (Zhao, 2001; Zhao was discovered in recent years by the Sixth Gold Exploration Branch et al., 2005, 2011; G.C. Zhao et al., 2010). Afterwards, the craton proper of Armed Police Army of China. Measured molybdenum resources in maintained a steady state until the Late Mesozoic, when intensive and Y. Han et al. / Ore Geology Reviews 55 (2013) 29–47 31 large-scale magmatic, metallogenic and structural events (commonly basin setting in the Neoproterozoic (Diwu et al., 2010b).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Textiles of the Han Dynasty & Their Relationship with Society
    The Textiles of the Han Dynasty & Their Relationship with Society Heather Langford Theses submitted for the degree of Master of Arts Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Centre of Asian Studies University of Adelaide May 2009 ii Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the research requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Centre of Asian Studies School of Humanities and Social Sciences Adelaide University 2009 iii Table of Contents 1. Introduction.........................................................................................1 1.1. Literature Review..............................................................................13 1.2. Chapter summary ..............................................................................17 1.3. Conclusion ........................................................................................19 2. Background .......................................................................................20 2.1. Pre Han History.................................................................................20 2.2. Qin Dynasty ......................................................................................24 2.3. The Han Dynasty...............................................................................25 2.3.1. Trade with the West............................................................................. 30 2.4. Conclusion ........................................................................................32 3. Textiles and Technology....................................................................33
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Fables and Folk Stories
    .s;^ '^ "It--::;'*-' =^-^^^H > STC) yi^n^rnit-^,; ^r^-'-,. i-^*:;- ;v^ r:| '|r rra!rg; iiHSZuBs.;:^::^: >» y>| «^ Tif" ^..^..,... Jj AMERICMJ V:B00lt> eOMI^^NY"' ;y:»T:ii;TOiriai5ia5ty..>:y:uy4»r^x<aiiua^^ nu,S i ;:;ti! !fii!i i! !!ir:i!;^ | iM,,TOwnt;;ar NY PUBLIC LIBRARY THE BRANCH LIBRARIES 3 3333 08102 9908 G258034 Digitized by the Internet Arciiive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/chinesefablesfolOOdavi CHINESE FABLES AND FOLK STORIES MARY HAYES DAVIS AND CHOW-LEUNG WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY YIN-CHWANG WANG TSEN-ZAN NEW YORK •:• CINCINNATI •: CHICAGO AMERICAN BOOKCOMPANY Copyright, 1908, by AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY Entered at Stationers' Hall, London Copyright, 1908, Tokyo Chinese Fables W. p. 13 y\9^^ PROPERTY OF THE ^ CITY OF MW YOBK G^X£y:>^c^ TO MY FRIEND MARY F. NIXON-ROULET PREFACE It requires much study of the Oriental mind to catch even brief glimpses of the secret of its mysterious charm. An open mind and the wisdom of great sympathy are conditions essential to making it at all possible. Contemplative, gentle, and metaphysical in their habit of thought, the Chinese have reflected profoundly and worked out many riddles of the universe in ways peculiarly their own. Realization of the value and need to us of a more definite knowledge of the mental processes of our Oriental brothers, increases wonder- fully as one begins to comprehend the richness, depth, and beauty of their thought, ripened as it is by the hidden processes of evolution throughout the ages. To obtain literal translations from the mental store- house of the Chinese has not been found easy of accom- plishment; but it is a more difficult, and a most elusive task to attempt to translate their fancies, to see life itself as it appears from the Chinese point of view, and to retell these impressions without losing quite all of their color and charm.
    [Show full text]
  • Painting Outside the Lines: How Daoism Shaped
    PAINTING OUTSIDE THE LINES: HOW DAOISM SHAPED CONCEPTIONS OF ARTISTIC EXCELLENCE IN MEDIEVAL CHINA, 800–1200 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN RELIGION (ASIAN) AUGUST 2012 By Aaron Reich Thesis Committee: Poul Andersen, Chairperson James Frankel Kate Lingley Acknowledgements Though the work on this thesis was largely carried out between 2010–2012, my interest in the religious aspects of Chinese painting began several years prior. In the fall of 2007, my mentor Professor Poul Andersen introduced me to his research into the inspirational relationship between Daoist ritual and religious painting in the case of Wu Daozi, the most esteemed Tang dynasty painter of religious art. Taken by a newfound fascination with this topic, I began to explore the pioneering translations of Chinese painting texts for a graduate seminar on ritual theory, and in them I found a world of potential material ripe for analysis within the framework of religious studies. I devoted the following two years to intensive Chinese language study in Taiwan, where I had the fortuitous opportunity to make frequent visits to view the paintings on exhibit at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Once I had acquired the ability to work through primary sources, I returned to Honolulu to continue my study of literary Chinese and begin my exploration into the texts that ultimately led to the central discoveries within this thesis. This work would not have been possible without the sincere care and unwavering support of the many individuals who helped me bring it to fruition.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Viability and Population History of the Giant Panda, Putting an End to the ‘‘Evolutionary Dead End’’?
    Genetic Viability and Population History of the Giant Panda, Putting an End to the ‘‘Evolutionary Dead End’’? Baowei Zhang,* Ming Li,* Zejun Zhang,* Benoıˆt Goossens,à Lifeng Zhu,* Shanning Zhang,* Jinchu Hu, Michael W. Bruford,à and Fuwen Wei* *Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; and àBiodiversity and Ecological Processes Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is currently threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and human persecution. Its dietary specialization, habitat isolation, and reproductive constraints have led to a perception that this is a species at an ‘‘evolutionary dead end,’’ destined for deterministic extinction in the modern world. Here we examine this perception by a comprehensive investigation of its genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history across its Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/24/8/1801/1107947 by guest on 29 September 2021 geographic range. We present analysis of 655 base pairs of mitochondrial (mt) control region (CR) DNA and 10 microsatellite loci for samples from its 5 extant mountain populations (Qinling, Minshan, Qionglai, Liangshan, and Lesser Xiangling). Surprisingly, extant populations display average to high levels of CR and microsatellite diversity compared with other bear species. Genetic differentiation among populations was significant in most cases but was markedly higher between Qinling and the other mountain ranges, suggesting, minimally, that the Qinling population should comprise a separate management unit for conservation purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Deposit in Northwestern Yunnan Province, SW China
    minerals Article Geological, Geochronological, and Geochemical Insights into the Formation of the Giant Pulang Porphyry Cu (–Mo–Au) Deposit in Northwestern Yunnan Province, SW China Qun Yang 1, Yun-Sheng Ren 1,2,*, Sheng-Bo Chen 3, Guo-Liang Zhang 4, Qing-Hong Zeng 3, Yu-Jie Hao 2, Jing-Mou Li 1, Zhong-Jie Yang 5, Xin-Hao Sun 1 and Zhen-Ming Sun 1 1 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China; [email protected] (Q.Y.); [email protected] (J.-M.L.); [email protected] (X.-H.S.); [email protected] (Z.-M.S.) 2 Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Changchun 130026, China; [email protected] 3 College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; [email protected] (S.-B.C.); [email protected] (Q.-H.Z.) 4 Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing Application Technology of Jilin Province, Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China; [email protected] 5 Geological Survey Institute of Liaoning Porvice, Shenyang 110031, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel: +86-0431-88502708 Received: 7 March 2019; Accepted: 19 March 2019; Published: 21 March 2019 Abstract: The giant Pulang porphyry Cu (–Mo–Au) deposit in Northwestern Yunnan Province, China, is located in the southern part of the Triassic Yidun Arc. The Cu orebodies are mainly hosted in quartz monzonite porphyry (QMP) intruding quartz diorite porphyry (QDP) and cut by granodiorite porphyry (GP). New LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb ages indicate that QDP (227 ± 2 Ma), QMP (218 ± 1 Ma, 219 ± 1 Ma), and GP (209 ± 1 Ma) are significantly different in age; however, the molybdenite Re–Os isochron age (218 ± 2 Ma) indicates a close temporal and genetic relationship between Cu mineralization and QMP.
    [Show full text]
  • Recognition of Late Triassic Cu-Mo Mineralization in the Northern Yidun Arc (S.E
    minerals Communication Recognition of Late Triassic Cu-Mo Mineralization in the Northern Yidun Arc (S.E. Tibetan Plateau): Implications for Regional Exploration Zhen-Dong Tian 1,2, Cheng-Biao Leng 1,3,* , Xing-Chun Zhang 1, Li-Min Zhou 4 and Yan-Wen Tang 1 1 State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; [email protected] (Z.-D.T.); [email protected] (X.-C.Z.); [email protected] (Y.-W.T.) 2 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China 4 National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +86-1898-417-7223 Received: 29 October 2019; Accepted: 5 December 2019; Published: 10 December 2019 Abstract: The Yidun arc, located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, was formed by the westward subduction of the Ganze-Litang Paleo-Tethys ocean in Late Triassic. It is well-known for the formation of numerous Mesozoic porphyry-skarn Cu-Mo-(Au) deposits in the arc. To date, more than 20 Cu-Mo-(Au) deposits (>10 million tonnes Cu resources) have been discovered in the southern Eastern Yidun arc. However, few Cu-Mo deposits have been discovered in the northern Eastern Yidun arc. In recent years, some Cu-Mo deposits or occurrence are successively discovered in the northern Eastern Yidun arc, but their ore-forming ages are not well constrained.
    [Show full text]
  • A Note on Translation
    A Note on Translation Reading literature in translation is a pleasure on which it is fruitless to frown. The purist may insist that we ought always read in the original languages, and we know ideally that this is true. But it is a counsel of perfection, quite impractical even for the purist, since no one in a lifetime can master all the languages whose literatures it would be a joy to explore. Master languages as fast as we may, we shall always have to read to some extent in translation, and this means we must be alert to what we are about: if in reading a work of literature in translation we are not reading the “original,” what precisely are we reading? This is a question of great complexity, to which justice cannot be done in a brief note, but the following sketch of some of the considerations may be helpful. One of the memorable scenes of ancient literature is the meeting of Hector and Andromache in Book VI of Homer’s Iliad. Hector, leader and mainstay of the armies defending Troy, is implored by his wife Andromache to withdraw within the city walls and carry on the defense from there, where his life will not be con stantly at hazard. In Homer’s text her opening words to him are these: daimo´ nie, fui´sei se to`so`n me´no␵ (daimonie, phthisei se to son menos). How should they be translated into English? Here is how they have actually been translated into English by capable translators, at various periods, in verse and prose: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into the Chinese Pangolin's (Manis Pentadactyla) Diet in a Peri-Urban Habitat
    Short Communication Tropical Conservation Science Volume 10: 1–7 Insights Into the Chinese Pangolin’s ! The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permissions: (Manis pentadactyla) Diet in a Peri-Urban sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1940082917709648 Habitat: A Case Study From Hong Kong journals.sagepub.com/home/trc Roger Ho Lee1, Khan Cheung1, John R. Fellowes, and Benoit Gue´nard1 Abstract Gut content analysis of a juvenile Chinese pangolin revealed eight ant and one termite species being preyed on. The identification of > 26,000 prey items and a comparison with local ant communities suggest a selective foraging behavior and a tendency for direct predation on arboreal or epigaeic ant nests within secondary forest and shrubland habitats. Keywords arboreal ants, conservation, endangered species, gut content analysis, myrmecophagous, subtropical, urban landscape Introduction feeding behavior of Chinese pangolins on a subset of social insects (Wu, Liu, Li, & Sun, 2005), the identifica- The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla L. 1758) has tion of the specific ant and termite species consumed as experienced a dramatic population decline over the past prey could substantially assist conservation programs. 20 years, leading to its recent reclassification on the However, existing data on diet are scarce and based IUCN Red List from Lower Risk/Near Threatened to mostly on indirect methods, such as inspection of food Critically Endangered (Challender et al., 2014). Despite leftovers at foraging burrows (e.g., Li, Zhou, Guo, Guo, being listed
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Explorations in the Fruit and Nut Orchards of China
    A Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY—BULLETIN NO. 204. B. T. GALLOWAY, Chief of Bureau. AGRICULTURAL EXPLORATIONS IN THE FRUIT AND NUT ORCHARDS OF CHINA. BY FRANK N. MEYER, Agricultural Explorer, Foreign Seed and Plant Introduction. Issued March 25, 1911. WASHINGTON: government printing office. 1911. BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. Chief of Bureau, Beverly T. Galloway. Assistant Chief of Bureau, William A. Taylor. Editor, J. E. Rockwell. Chief Clerk, James E. Jones. Foreign Seed and Plant Introduction. scientific staff. David Fairchild, Agricultural Explorer in Charge. P. H. Dorsett and Peter Bisset, Expert Plant Introducers. George W. Oliver, Expert Propagator. Frank N. Meyer, Agricultural Explorer. Edward Goucher, John H. Allison, W. H. F. Gomme, and Roy F. Mann, Experts. Stephen C. Stuntz, Botanical Assistant. H. C. Skeels and R. A. Young, Scientific Assistants. Henry F. Schultz, Agent, in Charge of Subtropical Introductions. E. C. Green, Pomologist, in Charge of South Texas Plant Introduction Garden, Brownsville, Tex. Robert L. Beagles, Agent, Acting in Charge of Plant Introduction Garden, Chico, Cal. Edward Simmonds, Gardener, in Charge of Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Miami, Fla. John M. Rankin, Expert, in Charge of Yarrow Plant Introduction Garden, Rockville, Md. 204 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry, Office of the Chief, Washington, B.C., September 26, 1910. Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith and to recommend for publication as Bulletin No. 204 of the series of this Bureau a manu- script entitled "Agricultural Explorations in the Fruit and Nut Orchards of China," by Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • 030011 Mise Br. Panda Angl
    FOREWORD by George B Schaller, Wildlife Conservation Society Our steps are muted on the forest trail, and the bamboo beneath a canopy of hemlock, pine, and birch crowds us. Occasionally a rhododendron with lavender blossoms gleams in the shadows. Here at 2500m in Sichuan’s Wolong Reserve, the air is cool with the chill of spring. Far away a Himalayan cuckoo calls. Naturalist Hu Jinchu suddenly points out two fresh panda droppings. Is a panda nearby? We listen and look with emotional intensity for a snapping twig or even a glimpse of this almost mythical creature. Sir Peter and Lady Philippa Scott, journalist Nancy Nash, and I then surround the drop- pings as we reverently photograph them and I measure them (the largest is 14x5.5cm). The 21 Chinese in our entourage oreword watch patiently, rather bemused at our delight in these arte- facts of a panda’s passing. But this moment on 15 May 1980 is historic for the panda: it is the first observation of a panda’s presence in the wild by a joint WWF/Chinese team, the begin- ning of long-term cooperation to help assure this rare and precious species a future in its wilderness home. “Of course, the panda is not safe. Nor will it ever be. It will always be threatened by something, attracting adversity as readily as adoration. We know what the panda needs: a forest with bamboo, a den for its young, and freedom from persecution.” Painting of giant panda mother and cub by Wu Tso-Jen, Chairman of the Association of Painters in China and Head of China’s Academy of Art.
    [Show full text]
  • The Homeric Epics and the Chinese Book of Songs
    The Homeric Epics and the Chinese Book of Songs: Foundational Texts Compared Edited by Fritz-Heiner Mutschler The Homeric Epics and the Chinese Book of Songs: Foundational Texts Compared Edited by Fritz-Heiner Mutschler This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by Fritz-Heiner Mutschler and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-0400-X ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-0400-4 Contents Acknowledgments vii Conventions and Abbreviations ix Notes on Contributors xi Introduction 1 PART I. THE HISTORY OF THE TEXTS AND OF THEIR RECEPTION A. Coming into Being 1. The Formation of the Homeric Epics 15 Margalit FINKELBERG 2. The Formation of the Classic of Poetry 39 Martin KERN 3. Comparing the Comings into Being of Homeric Epic and the Shijing 73 Alexander BEECROFT B. “Philological” Reception 1. Homeric Scholarship in its Formative Stages 87 Barbara GRAZIOSI 2. Odes Scholarship in its Formative Stage 117 Achim MITTAG 3. The Beginning of Scholarship in Homeric Epic and the Odes: a Comparison 149 GAO Fengfeng / LIU Chun C. Cultural Role 1. Homer in Greek Culture from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Period 163 Glenn W. MOST 2. Cultural Roles of the Book of Songs: Inherited Language, Education, and the Problem of Composition 185 David SCHABERG 3.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of China 1 a History of China
    A History of China 1 A History of China The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of China, by Wolfram Eberhard This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: A History of China Author: Wolfram Eberhard Release Date: February 28, 2004 [EBook #11367] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF CHINA *** Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Gene Smethers and PG Distributed Proofreaders [Transcriber's Note: The following text contains numerous non-English words containing diacritical marks not contained in the ASCII character set. Characters accented by those marks, and the corresponding text representations are as follows (where x represents the character being accented). All such symbols in this text above the character being accented: breve (u-shaped symbol): [)x] caron (v-shaped symbol): [vx] macron (straight line): [=x] acute (égu) accent: ['x] Additionally, the author has spelled certain words inconsistently. Those have been adjusted to be consistent where possible. Examples of such Chapter I 2 adjustments are as follows: From To Northwestern North-western Southwards Southward Programme Program re-introduced reintroduced practise practice Lotos Lotus Ju-Chên Juchên cooperate co-operate life-time lifetime man-power manpower favor favour etc. In general such changes are made to be consistent with the predominate usage in the text, or if there was not a predominate spelling, to the more modern.] A HISTORY OF CHINA by WOLFRAM EBERHARD CONTENTS INTRODUCTION THE EARLIEST TIMES Chapter I : PREHISTORY 1 Sources for the earliest history 2 The Peking Man 3 The Palaeolithic Age 4 The Neolithic Age 5 The eight principal prehistoric cultures 6 The Yang-shao culture 7 The Lung-shan culture 8 The first petty States in Shansi Chapter II 3 Chapter II : THE SHANG DYNASTY (c.
    [Show full text]