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Case: 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 1 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit Case No. 13-1816 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – v. – ANDREW AUERNHEIMER –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY (WIGENTON, J.), CRIMINAL NO. 11-CR-470 (SDW) ADDENDUM OF AMICUS CURIAE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CRIMINAL DEFENSE LAWYERS IN SUPPORT OF APPELLANT STEVEN P. RAGLAND Of Counsel: JENNIFER A. HUBER JENNY CARROLL BEN D. ROTHSTEIN Seton Hall University School of Law KEKER & VAN NEST LLP Newark, New Jersey 07102 633 Battery Street San Francisco, California 94111 PETER GOLDBERGER Tel.: (415) 391-5400 50 Rittenhouse Place Fax: (415) 397-7188 Ardmore, Pennsylvania 19003 Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Third Circuit Co-Vice-Chairs, National Association of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers Criminal Defense Lawyers Amicus Curiae Committee Case: 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 2 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Addendum Page [Unknown Author], Untangling the Web: A Guide to Internet Research (2007) (excerpts) ..................................................................... 1 Zoe Lofgren and Ron Wyden, Introducing Aaron’s Law, a Desperately Needed Reform of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, WIRED, June 20, 2013......................................... 23 Tim Wu, Fixing the Worst Law in Technology, THE NEW YORKER, March 18, 2013 ....................................................... 27 United States v. Lowson, No. 2:10cr00114 (D.N.J. Oct. 12, 2010) (opinion denying motion to dismiss superseding indictment) ............................................................ 30 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 3 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIEDHFOR OFFICI~L USE ONLY Abuide To Internet ReseQI'ch IT he opinions expressed in this article are hose of the author( s) and do not represent ~he official ooinion of NSA/CSS. pproved for Release by NSA on (b) (3) -P. L. 86-36 4-19-2013 FOIA Case# 70381 UNCLASSIFIED,4lj;QR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Add. 1 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 4 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIEDNFOR OFFICIAL USE 6t4LY Untangling the Web: An Introduction to Internet Research by! LCenterJorDigital Content Last Updated: February 28, 2007 Cover Design byl I (b) (3) -P. L. 86-36 UNCLASSIFIEDh'FOR 6FFICI,IcL USE ONLY Add. 2 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 5 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIED/fP'Oii' OP'I"'ICIAL USE Of'IILY Tl"li~ prodtJet I il!!! beefl pr=oelueeel fer= effieial use eAiy. Tl:lis aroel1:1st is Aot aaproveel fer puslie release. TI-le iflfer=l'tlatiefl eeflteifleel i'=ier=eiA is fer tl'le exelu!ive u~e of tl'le ori~il"lel reeipieflt eflel is Ret fer= furtl:ler elistr=ibutiel"l otJt~ide tl'le reeipier~t'~ e~efle) or or~efliz:etiofl. Ti'=ie 9Fi§iRal FOGif3iOFlt A"l8Y A"l8l~e OOf3ies fer eJistrieutieFI 6FII)' WitRiFI ti"le reeif3iCAt's a~efley er= er~afliz:atiefl. Ultin,ete 1espo1 1sibility for tl ;e p1 oteetiol"l of tl li! proeluet frel'fl puelie disslss1:1re resieles witl:l tl:le 1:1ser, ;vitl:l severe f3CAalties for nsn eel'flJ3Iiaflee. ~or aelelitieAal iAferA"letieA, J3leese eeAteet: 9800 Savage Road Suite 6324 Fort Meade, MD 20755-6324 (b) (3) -P. L. 86-36 UNCLASSIFIEDHFOR OFFISIAb Yili QNI.¥ Add. 3 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 6 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIEDI/FUR OFFICIAL USI!!! ONLY This Page Intentionally Left Blank UNCLASSIFIEDA'FOR OFFIOIAL USE Of4LY Add. 4 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 7 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIEDHf"6R 6f"f"leiAL USE 6NLY Table of Contents Preface: The Clew to the Labyrinth ....................................................... 1 "Every Angle of the Universe" ............................................................... 5 What Will I Learn? .. ....... ...... .. ........ ... .................................................................... 6 Why Do I Need Help? ... .... ...... ........ ... ... ... ................................................ ... ..... ..... 7 What's New This Year ... .. .... ....... ... ...... ..................................... .. ...... .. ........ ....... ... 8 Introduction to Searching .... .... ...................................... .......... ............ 11 Search Fundamentals .................. .. .. ... .. ....... ... ...... .... ........ ..- ............................... 11 The Past, Present, and Future of Search ........ ... ... ................... .. .. ...................... 12 Understanding Search Engines ... .... ..... ....... ... .... ................................................ 18 Search Engine Basics .. ......... ................. .... ....... .. ... ..... ... .. .................................. 20 A Word About Browsers: Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox .......................... 22 The Great Internet Search-Offs .... .. ...... .......... ..... ........... .................................... 26 Types of Search Tools .................................... ...... .. ... ... ..... ................................ 28 Web Directories/Subject Guides/Portals ....... .. .. .. .. ........ ... : .. .. .. ............... ............ 28 Metasearch Sites ................................................ ... .......... .. ... .. .. ... ....................... 30 Megasearch Sites .................................. ........ ......... .... ..... ........ .. ......................... 35 Types of Searches and the Best Ways to Handle Them ................ ... .. ....... .... ... 36 Search Savvy-Mastering the Art of Search ..................................... .. 43 Google ...................................................................................... .... .. ... .. .. .... .. ........ 47 Google Hacks .............................................................. ... .... ... ... ..... .................. ... 73 Yahoo Search ......................................... .... .......... .. ... .... .......... ................ .. ..... .... 89 Yahoo Hacks .................. ..... .. ... ... ... .. .. .... .... ... .... .......... ................. .. ... ............... 113 Windows Live Search .... ...... .... ........ .............................. .................. ...... ........ ... 118 Gigablast ......... ..... .. .... ......... ............................................................................. 141 UNCLASSIFIED/fFOR OFFISIAL 1:-JSE ONLY Add. 5 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 8 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIED.tfj;QR OFFIOIAL I:JSE erRY Exalead ................. ............................................................................................ 146 Ask .................................................................................................................... 161 More Help: Internet Guides and Tutorials ......................................................... 173 Specialized Search Tools & Techniques ............................................ 175 "Google Hacking" ....................................... ....................................................... 175 Custom Search Engines ............ ....................................................................... 186 Fagan Finder .................................................................................................... 193 Wikipedia ....................... ........................................................... ...... .................. 202 Maps and Mapping ............................................................. .. ...... .. ..................... 215 Uncovering the "Invisible" Internet ........................................... .......... 239 A9 Search .. .......................................... ... .... ... ............................................ ......... 239 Book Search ..................................................................................................... 245 Answers.com ........................................... .................. ... .................................... 260 GAlster ............... .......................................................................................... .... 264 The Internet Archive & the Wayback Machine .............................. .. .................. 267 Other Invisible Web Resources ...................................................... .. ... ............. 273 Casting a Wider Net-International Search, Language Tools ........... 277 International Search .... ............................ .......................................................... 277 Online Dictionaries and Translators ...... ... ......................................................... 288 You Gatta Know When to Fold 'Em ................... ............................................... 304 Beyond Search Engines-Specialized Research Tools .................... 306 Email Lookups ....... ..... ... ............................................................... .................... 308 Telephone and FAX Directories ......................................................... ... ............ 311 Online Videos and Video Search ........ ..... ......................................................... 317 Online Audio, Pod casts, and Audio Search ... .............................. ..................... 344 ii UNCLASSIFIEDHFOR OFFICIAL I:ISE 9NL¥ Add. 6 DOCID: Case:4046925 13-1816 Document: 003111317651 Page: 9 Date Filed: 07/09/2013 UNCLASSIFIEDUIRQR. QIRIRI~I:~b Uii Q~lb¥ Special Topics-News, Blogs, & Technology Search ......................