Volume 26 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2007-08

VOLUME -26 SAHIWAL

GOVERNMENT OF THE PUNJAB PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT BUREAU OF STATISTICS MARCH 2009

Contributors to the Report: Bureau of Statistics, Government of Punjab, Planning and Development Department, UNICEF Consultant: Manar E. Abdel-Rahman, PhD M/s Eycon Pvt. Limited: data management consultants

The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey was carried out by the Bureau of Statistics, Government of Punjab, Planning and Development Department. Financial support was provided by the Government of Punjab through the Annual Development Programme and technical support by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

The final report consists of 36 volumes. Readers may refer to the enclosed table of contents for The final report consists of 36 volumes of which this document is the first. Readers may refer to the enclosedreference. table of contents for reference.

This is a household survey planned by the Planning and Development Department, Government of the Punjab, Pakistan (http://www.pndpunjab.gov.pk/page.asp?id=712). Survey tools were based on models and standards developed by the global MICS project, designed to collect information on the situation of children and women in countries around the world. Additional information on the global MICS project may be obtained from www.childinfo.org.

Suggested Citation: Bureau of Statistics, Planning and Development Department, Government of the Punjab - Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Punjab 2007–08, Lahore, Pakistan. ii MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 FOREWORD

Government of the Punjab is committed to reduce poverty through sustaining high growth in all aspects of provincial economy. An abiding challenge in maintaining such growth pattern is concurrent development of capacities in planning, implementation and monitoring which requires reliable and real time data on development needs, quality and efficacy of interventions and impacts. Being cognizant of this need, Planning and Development Department is consistently working on improved systems for generation of accurate information on development needs and impacts of the investments made through development budgets. Social sectors remain a priority area for the government and development outlays for these sectors have grown multifold over the last five years. Government of the Punjab is committed to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for education, health, water supply & sanitation and poverty. That would require not only provision of adequate resources but also a very robust system for ascertaining the area specific needs, efficient use of resources and regular monitoring of the results and impacts. Towards this end, government, with assistance of UNICEF, has embarked upon periodic conduct of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). The first such survey was carried out in 2003-04 and proved to be the most important tool in determining government budgetary outlays for the next four years, particularly for the social sectors. MICS 2003-04 was based on 40 indicators and the usage of information generated by the survey pointed to the need of further improvements in the scope and coverage of selected indicators. Therefore, scope of MICS 2007-08 was further expanded to more than 70 indicators and the coverage ZDVH[WHQGHGGRZQWR¶WHKVLO· level. This posed much greater challenges in terms of logistics and man-management but it is matter of great satisfaction that final product has proven to be worth that effort. The results of 2007-08 survey not only provide information on progress made in key social indicators since 2003-04 but also provide an excellent baseline for the key social indicators to the provincial planners. The Punjab Bureau of Statistics, Planning & Development Department, partner organizations at the provincial and district level richly deserve all the credit for coming up with an excellent report. Special credit also goes to UNICEF for their unstinted support for the MICS over the years and bringing international expertise to support this effort. I am confident that this report will prove to be a valuable source not only for the planning efforts of government of punjab but also a valuable reference for the academia and research organizations.

Muhammad Sami Saeed Chairman, Planning and Development Board, Punjab Dated: 20th February, 2009

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL iii AACKNOWLEDGEMENTSCKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) Punjab 2007²08 is the result of ceaseless efforts of different departments and organisations. Funded through the Annual Development Programme, the survey was conducted by the Bureau of Statistics, Punjab with technical support of UNICEF. The Federal Bureau of Statistics provided the sample design which was also reviewed by an international consultant. The validation of survey was undertaken by the Social Work Department, University of the Punjab, Lahore. The survey covered 6,368 clusters and 91,280 households in urban and rural areas throughout the province. The fieldwork was started on 12 December 2007 and completed on 10 April 2008. Punjab MICS 2007²08 allows the provincial government and districts to gauge and monitor their respective status of human and social development with precise data on a variety of key indicators. It will assist the decision-makers to move towards new avenues of human and social development. MICS 2007²08 is result of collective efforts of many individuals and each one of them merits recognition. The Chairman, P&D Board (who also heads the Provincial Steering Committee of MICS) and Secretary P&D Department extended their fullest support and guided throughout the process. Mr. Shamim Rafique, Director General, Bureau of Statistics and his team deserves special mention. Their hard work and dedication has made it possible that the final product is completed in time. The keen interest and contribution made by the members of the Steering Committee, Technical and Planning & Coordination Group, Chief (MEPA) and his team are also acknowledged. MICS 2007-08 would not have been possible without technical support of UNICEF. Dr. Deepak Bajracharya, Provincial Chief, UNICEF, and his team played an active role throughout the process. Special thanks are due to Dr Manar Abdel Rahman, who led the process; Mr. Armando Levinson and Ivena Bajelic, International consultants for MICS 2007-08; The Federal Bureau of Statistics for providing sample design and listing; ECI (Pvt) Limited for facilitating trainings; Social Work Department, University of the Punjab, Lahore for monitoring; M/s Eycon (Pvt) Ltd for data management support; and many more partners. The fieldwork of this survey was a mammoth exercise but tireless efforts made by the regional supervisors, team supervisors and field enumerators (both male/ female in house listing and interviews) made possible to complete this difficult task in record time and without any major operational issue. The entire field teams deserve appreciation. All district governments and Administrative Departments provided valuable support by contributing services of their staff in the process. Communities, local leadership and members of the sampled households devoted their time and resources to facilitate the work of survey teams. They need to be applauded for their confidence in sharing their personal information and enriching this survey. The information provided by them remains in trust and will not be used for any purposes other than their benefit.

Hamed Yaqoob Sheikh Member/ Chief Economist Dated: 20th February, 2009 Planning and Development Board, Punjab

iv MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Summary Results of Key Indicators - District Sahiwal Results are in per cent, unless otherwise stated

Indicator No. 0,&6² 0,&6² Punjab TOPIC Global INDICATOR MDG MICS District Punjab District Punjab MICS ² AND EDUCATION

8 44 Literacy rate 10+ years 56 59 40 54 Literacy 45 Adult literacy rate 15+ years 52 56 36 52 60 46 $GXOWOLWHUDF\UDWH²\HDUV 69 73 52 68 52 36 Pre-school attendance 10 14 - -

54 39 Net intake rate in primary education (5 years) 22 19 - -

Net intake rate in primary education (6 years) 44 38 - - 655371HWSULPDU\DWWHQGDQFHUDWH ²\HDUV 61 53 34 51 38 Gross primary attendance rate 105 97 61 88 43 Net primary school attendance rate: - Government schools 62 56 - - - Private schools 37 43 - - Education 56 40 Net middle/ secondary attendance rate 30 29 22 33 9 61 42 Gender parity index for: - Primary education 0.99 0.96 0.76 0.93 - Middle/secondary education 0.89 0.94 - - 41 Primary educational facility within 2 km: - Government boys 98 93 - - - Government girls 95 91 - - - Private boys 84 75 - - - Private girls 84 74 - - ENVIRONMENT Physical access to drinking water (within 47 dwelling) 96 92 77 92* 30 11 48 Use of improved drinking water sources 99 97 81 97 13 49 Use of properly treated water 2.4 4.8 - - 55 Safe drinking water without bacteria 47 51 - - 31 12 50 Use of sanitary means of excreta disposal 69 70 33 58 Use of improved water sources and improved 69 68 - Water and 51 Sanitation sanitation Proper disposal of: 53 - Waste water 53 57 16 43 52 - Solid waste 71411 15 54 Hand washing adequately: - Before meal 61 57 21 41 - After using latrine 72 66 24 55 ADULT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE 28 Prevalence of chronic cough 62 - 2 Adult health 29 Reported tuberculosis 0.3 0.3 - 0.5 30 Reported hepatitis 0.6 0.7 - -

25 Care provided by Lady Health Worker (LHW) 83 50 29 35 Health care Physical access to health facility within half an 89 75 - - 35 hour's distance

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL v Summary Results of Key Indicators - District Sahiwal Results are in per cent, unless otherwise stated

Indicator No. 0,&6² 0,&6² Punjab TOPIC Global INDICATOR MDG MICS District Punjab District Punjab MICS ² CHILD MORTALITY

Child 13 1 1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 births) 132 111 147 112 mortality 14 2 2 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 births) 89 77 93 77 NUTRITION

4 6 5 Underweight prevalence (moderate & severe) 31 34 45 34 Underweight prevalence (severe) 10 11 -- Nutritional 7 6 Stunting prevalence (moderate & severe) 42 42 - - status Stunting prevalence (severe) 23 23 - - 8 7 Wasting prevalence (moderate & severe) 11 13 - - Wasting prevalence (severe) 4.2 5.6 - - 15 8 Exclusive breastfeeding rate 65 49 - 30 16 9 Continued breastfeeding rate at: ²PRQWKV 75 74 - 79 Breast- ²PRQWKV 60 53 - 47 feeding 17 12 Timely complementary feeding rate 38 42 25 44 Children receiving minimum recommended 25 31 -- 18 11 complementary feeding 19 10 Adequately fed infants 44 40 -- Salt 367 8 41 70 Adequately Iodised salt consumption iodisation Vitamin A 42 22 Vitamin A supplementation (under 5 years) 65 79 80 87 CHILD HEALTH

33 19 Use of Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) 63 47 41 43 31 Prevalence of diarrhoea 8.9 7.8 52 22 34 20 Home management of diarrhoea 5 15 - - Received ORT or increased fluids and continued 26 30 - - 35 21 Care of feeding illness 23 18 Care seeking for suspected pneumonia 66 70 - -

22 33 Knowledge of two danger signs of pneumonia 6 10 - - 32 Any illness during past 2 weeks 13 - - 29 24 69 Solid fuels 85 71 - - CHILD PROTECTION

Birth 89 77 41 82 62 34 Birth registration registration 71 56 Child labour 9.9 5.1 - - Child labour 72 57 Labourer students 7.3 3.4 - - 73 58 Student labourers 56 49 -- 4.9 5.2 - - Disability 101 62 &KLOGGLVDELOLW\ ²\HDUV

vi MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Summary Results of Key Indicators - District Sahiwal Results are in per cent, unless otherwise stated

Indicator No. 0,&6² 0,&6² Punjab TOPIC Global INDICATOR MDG MICS District Punjab District Punjab MICS ² REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

Fertility 24 Total fertility rate - 4.3 8.9 4.7 19c 21 14 Use of contraceptives (any method) 36 32 27 36 Contra- 15 Contraceptive drop out 4.3 - - ception 3.1 16 Unwilling pregnancy 18 26 - - 20 13 Antenatal care 53 53 47 44 Maternal and 17 4 3 Skilled attendant at delivery 50 43 26 33 newborn 5 4 Institutional deliveries 44 38 - - health 23 Postnatal care 49 41 19 30 68 17 &XUUHQWO\PDUULHGZRPHQDJHG² 1.2 3.2 HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS 26 Knowledge of preventing HIV/AIDS 18 18 - - knowledge & Negative attitude towards people with attitudes 86 27 HIV/AIDS 50 43 - - SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

60 Unemployment rate (15+ years) 7.1 6.8 - - Emloyment 61 Family member working outside / town 11 12 - 9.6 Percent of households who own three or more 89 89 - 56 74 possessions Percent of household members who use at least 91 94 - 83 75 one utility 73 Household characteristics: - Finished floor (pacca) 47 57 - - - Finished roof (pacca) 84 - - Housing and 81 Assets - Finished wall (pacca) 80 76 - - 59 Ownership of assets: - House 85 84 94 86 - Land 39 34 43 32 - Livestock 54 51 49 41 71 Mean household size 6.5 6.5 6.9 6.6 72 Mean number of persons per room 3.6 3.7 4.0 3.4 63 Receiving remittances within Pakistan 6.0 5.5 0.6 4.2 Remittances 64 Receiving remittances from abroad 2.8 4.1 5.1 4.3 and Zakat 65 Receiving cash donation 1.3 1.4 0.9 3.8 66 Safety nets: - Receiving pensions 4.3 6.2 - - Social - Getting benefits from Government Benefits, schemes of social protection 16 16 - - Subsidies and - Purchasing goods from Families government utility stores 712- - Support Programmes How often: - Regularly 10 17 - - - Rarely 77 79 - -

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL vii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ASFR Age Specific Fertility Rate BOS Bureau of Statistics CDC Communicable Disease Centre CRS Crop Reporting Service CSPro Census and Survey Processing System EB Enumeration Block FBS Federal Bureau of Statistics GAR Gross Attendance Rate GPI Gender Parity Index HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IDD Iodine Deficiency Disorders IMR Infant Mortality Rate IUD Intrauterine Device LAM Lactational Amenorrhea Method LHW Lady Health Worker MCEB Mean Number of Children Ever Born MDGs Millennium Development Goals MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey MICS²3 The third round of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey NAR Net Attendance Rate NCHS National Centre for Health Statistics (USA) NGOs Non-government organisations OPV Oral Polio Vaccine ORS Oral Rehydration Solution ORT Oral Rehydration Therapy P&D Planning And Development PDHS Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey PPB Parts Per Billion PPM Parts Per Million PRHFPS Pakistan Reproductive Health and Family Planning Survey PSLM Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey PSUs Primary Sampling Units RHF Recommended Home Fluid SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences SSUs Secondary Sampling Units STIs Sexually Transmitted infections TFR Total Fertility Rate U5MR Under 5 Mortality Rate UN United Nations UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund WFFC World Fit For Children WHO World Health Organisation

viii MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background his report is the 26th volume of the tesil based Punjab MICS 2007²08, conducted from TDecember 2007 to April 2008 by the Bureau of Statistics (BOS), Planning and Development Department, Government of the Punjab. To provide a snapshot of progress on indicators for , the report compares the results of MICS 2007²08 to those of MICS 2003²04 by tehsil where ever available. Punjab MICS is a household survey intended to assist the Government of Pakistan/ Punjab in planning and monitoring social service delivery and other indicators of development. The survey fills gaps in essential data, providing recent and relevant information at the provincial, divisional, district and tehsil level. The survey findings will ultimately feed into government programmes for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. The MICS report fulfils an important role in monitoring progress towards attaining goals and targets from key international agreements: the Millennium Declaration, adopted by United Nations member states in September 2000, and the Plan of Action for 'A World Fit For Children', adopted at the United Nations Special Session on Children in May 2002, and commitments made at the 1990 World Summit for Children. As a signatory, Pakistan is committed to improving the situation of all its citizens, especially children, and to report upon progress made in the years since the agreements. The value of this survey goes far beyond generating data for international reporting. To formulate and achieve goal-oriented plans it is essential that resources are distributed based on rational and appropriate objectives at the provincial, district and tehsil level. The Punjab MICS 2007²08 will meet the data needs of researchers, academia, policymakers and managers at the grassroots level. The survey was coordinated and supervised by the Technical, Planning and Coordination Groups chaired by the Chief Economist Planning and Development (P&D) Board. These groups comprised of key technical staff of the line departments and UNICEF. The Government of Punjab financed the MICS through its Annual Development Programme and UNICEF provided technical assistance. 1.2. Survey Objectives The primary objectives of the Punjab MICS 2007²08 are: x To update and compare the results of Punjab MICS 2003²04 with finding in Punjab MICS 2007²08 at the district and tehsil levels; x To establish benchmarks indicators which were not included in Punjab MICS 2003²04 but are included in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs); x To highlight inter-district disparities on the basis of evidence in order to address them through appropriate district and tehsil-level social sector planning efforts by the provincial government; x To develop a strong advocacy tool for action on poor social service delivery; x To provide information on the situation of children and women and assist the government in establishing child-focused benchmarking to report on the MDGs and the government's long term plans, and to measure progress; x To build the capacity of government institutions by encouraging their active involvement in all phases of the survey.

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL ix

1.3. Organisation of the Report The report for Punjab MICS 2007²08 comprises 36 volumes. This, the 26th volume, presents results at tehsil level for Sahiwal District. Technical aspects of the survey are described in the appendices of Provincial Report (Volume 1). 1.4. Questionnaires Questionnaires for the Punjab MICS 2007²08 were based on MICS²3 model questionnaires with some modifications and additions to accommodate additional indicators selected by the Government of the Punjab. A Table SD.1A: Sample size and allocation (households) household questionnaire was Households administered in each sampled Major Other household, with three major Rural Total City Urban sections: information on all Punjab 10464 21360 59456 91280 household members, individual

questionnaires for each ever- married woman aged 15²49 years, Sahiwal District - 360 1152 1512 and a children's section administered to mother or Tehsil caretakers of children under 5 - 120 544 664 years of age. The questionnaires Sahiwal - 240 608 848 included the following modules: x Household Questionnaire o Household Listing o Education o Income and Employment o Water and Sanitation o Child Labour o Disability o Maternal Mortality o Household Characteristics o Salt Iodisation o Drinking Water Testing x Questionnaire for Individual Woman o Child Mortality o Maternal and Newborn Health o Contraception o HIV/AIDS x Questionnaire for Children Under 5 o Birth Registration o Vitamin A o Breastfeeding o Care during Illness o BCG Immunisation o Anthropometry

x MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 The MICS²3 model questionnaires were revised and customised to suit local conditions and translated from English into the language. The Urdu version of the questionnaire was pre- tested in November 2007 in the urban and rural areas on a set of households that was not included in the survey sample. Questionnaires were modified based on the results of the pre-test. 1.5. Training and Fieldwork Due to the large sample size and to ease management of the large fieldwork operation while assuring quality and proper supervision, the province was divided into ten regions of 3²5 districts each. Sahiwal region comprised of Sahiwal, Okara and districts. The BOS assigned one senior officer as Regional Supervisor for the region, who was responsible for all aspects of fieldwork. Household listing began in October 2007. The Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS) trained listers taken by BOS from line departments and academia, and supervised the process through its regional offices. A 5-day training of master trainers was conducted in Lahore during November 2007. Master trainers comprised of technical staff from the BOS, female doctors from the health department and professional trainers engaged by UNICEF. The training was conducted by a private sector consultancy firm, Employment through Creativity Integration (ECI) Pvt Ltd. A manual was developed training interviewers and supervisory staff. Field enumeration staff was trained by master trainers at the regional level. The required staff for Sahiwal region was trainined in two sessions through the courtesy of District Health Development Centre (DHDC) in December 2007. Each session was standardised in terms of duration, content, material and instructional methodology and provided adequate opportunities for hands-on practice and closely supervised field work. Standardised instruction manuals for team supervisors and interviewers were developed and used during training and fieldwork. Each training session concluded with a standard evaluation of the participants. A total of four teams supervisors led the interviewer teams at Sahiwal region were deployed. Each team comprised one male and two female interviewers. The male interviewers were responsible for locating sampled households, introductions, administering the household modules and performing water testing. The female interviewers administered the women and children modules to eligible women and mothers or caretakers of children. They also performed the anthropometric measurements on children. Depending on the size of the household, administration of each questionnaire took about 35²45 minutes. Each team supervisor supported two teams in urban or three teams in rural areas. Supervisors ensured that the visited household was one identified through the sampling process. They were also responsible for completeness and quality of work, keeping to schedules, and arranging transport and accommodation. Team supervisors were the primary link between regional supervisors and interviewers, and reported on their teams' progress and performance regularly. Teams were instructed to complete one cluster a day. All cluster and control sheets were delivered by team supervisors to their regional supervisor who forwarded them to the BOS headquarters in Lahore after two days to allow the completion of the water test. To establish the credibility of the survey, the University of the Punjab's Social Work Department was engaged as an independent monitoring organisation and was involved in the survey process from the beginning. This third party monitoring was intended to support, assess and report on the quality of all aspects of the survey work. The monitors covered questionnaire design, training, listing, fieldwork and back-checking of filled-in questionnaires, data management and report writing. The third party monitoring report is included in Provincial Report (Volume 1). Team supervisors for Sahiwal region were largely taken from the BOS, Crop Reporting Service (CRS), Agriculture, Health, Social Welfare Departments and Gender Reform Action Plan (GRAP). The interviewers were engaged from the BOS and other government line departments including TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL xi

Population Welfare, Health and CRS and included university graduates through the Gender Reform Action Plan (GRAP) and NGOs. In total, 36 interviewers, 4 team supervisors and a regional supervisor were involved in data collection. Thus more than 40 field enumeration staff participated in fieldwork for the survey from 12 December 2007 to 10 April 2008. 1.6. Data Processing and Analysis Questionnaire responses received a preliminary edit on the spot by team supervisors. At the end of the day, the team supervisor and interviewers reviewed each questionnaire and filled in the cluster control sheet. The regional supervisor checked randomly selected questionnaires. Data editors deployed by the data management organisation conducted a final edit and check before data entry. Data handling and processing was managed by an experienced private sector agency which was responsible for survey data management and processing, including pre-entry editing, data entry, verification and consistency checks, preliminary tabulations and frequencies, support of the data analysis process and preparation of final data for dissemination in electronic form. In total, 48 data editors, 78 data entry operators and eight data supervisors and quality control staff took part in the data processing operation at provincial level. They were trained in four batches during May 2008. The two trainings for editors were conducted by Punjab MICS master trainers following the curriculum used in training interviewers. For better quality control, all questionnaires were double entered and internal consistency checks were performed. The data management operation site was housed within the BOS premises to ensure close monitoring. A short-term international consultant was engaged by UNICEF to review the technical aspects of data entry operation during June 2008 who recommend improvements in the data management process. Data processing began on 10 May and concluded on 15 September 2008. Procedures and standard programs developed under the global MICS²3 project and adapted to the Punjab questionnaires were used. Data were entered and processed using the CSPro software after customising standard data entry programs, and were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program after customising the model syntax and tabulation plans. Syntax and tabulation plans were prepared for the additional indicators included in the survey. Table numbers used in this report refer to the same numbers used in the global MICS²3 tabulation plan. Each table number is prefixed by two letters denoting the section to which the table belongs. Generally numbering of figures reflects the table numbers from which the data used in the figures are obtained. 1.7. Dimensions of Data Analysis Data are presented for the entire province in Provincial Report (Volume 1). District Sahiwal data are disaggregated by tehsil, area of residence, sex, age, level of education and wealth index quintile and presented in this report.

xii MICS PUNJAB 2007-08

LIST OF TABLES ² DISTRICT SAHIWAL Volume 26

Households (HH) Table HH.2: Household age distribution by sex ...... 3 Table HH.3: Household composition ...... 4 Table HH.4: Women's background characteristics ...... 5 Table HH.5: Children's background characteristics ...... 6 Nutrition (NU) Table NU.1: Child malnourishment ...... 7 Table NU.4: Adequately fed infants ...... 8 Table NU.5: Adequately iodised salt consumption ...... 9 Table NU.6: Children's vitamin A supplementation ...... 10 Child Health (CH) Table CH.4: Oral rehydration treatment ...... 11 Table CH.5: Home management of diarrhoea ...... 12 Table CH.6: Care seeking for suspected pneumonia ...... 13 Table CH.7A: Knowledge of the two danger signs of pneumonia ...... 14 Table CH.8: Solid fuel use...... 15 Environment (EN) Table EN.1: Use of improved water sources ...... 17 Table EN.2: Household water treatment ...... 18 Table EN.3: Physical access to source of water ...... 19 Table EN.3A: Bacteria water testing...... 20 Table EN.5: Use of sanitary means of excreta disposal ...... 21 Table EN.7: Use of improved water sources and improved sanitation ...... 22 Table EN.11A: Disposal of waste water...... 23 Table EN.11B: Disposal of solid waste ...... 24 Table EN.12A: Hands washing before meal ...... 25 Table EN.12B: Hands washing after using latrine ...... 26 Reproductive Health (RH) Table RH.1: Use of contraception ...... 27 Table RH.1A: Contraceptive dropout ...... 29 Table RH.2: Unwilling pregnancy ...... 30 Table RH.3: Antenatal care provider ...... 31 Table RH.5: Assistance during delivery ...... 32 Table RH.5A: Postnatal care provider ...... 33 Table RH.7: Currently married women by age ...... 34 Education (ED) Table ED.8A: Literacy rate (10+ years) ...... 35

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 1

Table ED.8B: Literacy rate (15+ years) ...... 36 Table ED.8C: Youth Literacy rate (15²24 years) ...... 37 Table ED.1: Pre-school attendance ...... 38 Table ED.2: Primary school entry ...... 39 Table ED.3A: Primary school net attendance ratio (5²9 years) ...... 40 Table ED.3B: Primary school gross attendance ratio (5²9 years) ...... 41 Table ED.3C: Public and private primary school attendance rate ...... 42 Table ED.4: Middle/Secondary school net attendance ratio ...... 43 Table ED.4w: Secondary school age children attending primary school ...... 44 Table ED.7: Education gender parity ...... 45 Table ED.9A: Physical access to primary schools...... 46 Table ED.9B: Physical access to middle schools ...... 47 Table ED.9C: Physical access to secondary schools ...... 48 Child Protection (CP) Table CP.1: Birth registration ...... 49 Table CP.2: Child labour...... 50 Table CP.3: Labourer students and student labourers ...... 51 Table CP.10: Child disability ...... 52 HIV/ AIDS (HA) Table HA.1: Knowledge of preventing HIV transmission ...... 53 Table HA.5: Attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS ...... 54 Household Characteristics (HC) Table HC.1: Prevalence of Cough, TB and Hepatitis ...... 55 Table HC.2: Care provided by Lady Health Worker (LHW) ...... 56 Table HC.3: Physical access to health facility ...... 57 Table HC.5: Unemployment rate ...... 58 Table HC.6: Family member working outside village ...... 59 Table HC.7A: Main material of the floor ...... 60 Table HC.7B: Main material of the roof ...... 61 Table HC.7C: Main material of the walls ...... 62 Table HC.8A: Household utilities ...... 63 Table HC.8B: Household possessions ...... 64 Table HC.9: House, agricultural land and livestock ownership ...... 65 Table HC.10: Household size and mean number of persons per room ...... 66 Table HC.11A: Receiving remittance within Pakistan ...... 67 Table HC.11B: Receiving remittance from abroad ...... 68 Table HC.12: Cash donations ...... 69 Table HC.13: Pension Benefits ...... 70 Table HC.14A: Benefit from government social protection schemes ...... 71 Table HC.14B: Purchasing goods from government utility stores ...... 72

2 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HH.2: Household age distribution by sex Percent distribution distribution of the of householdthe household population population by five-year by five-year age groups age and groups, dependency and age dependency groups,age groups, and number MICS ofPunjab, children 2007-08 aged 0-17 years, by sex, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Punjab 303,804 100.0 289,039 100.0 592,843 100.0

District Sahiwal 8,392 100.0 7,828 100.0 16,219 100.0

Age

0-4 1,015 12.1 942 12.0 1,957 12.1 5-9 1,084 12.9 1,001 12.8 2,085 12.9 10-14 1,033 12.3 886 11.3 1,920 11.8 15-19 985 11.7 891 11.4 1,877 11.6 20-24 829 9.9 847 10.8 1,676 10.3 25-29 623 7.4 624 8.0 1,247 7.7 30-34 396 4.7 492 6.3 889 5.5 35-39 506 6.0 483 6.2 989 6.1 40-44 403 4.8 338 4.3 740 4.6 45-49 340 4.1 304 3.9 644 4.0 50-54 297 3.5 302 3.9 599 3.7 55-59 219 2.6 210 2.7 429 2.6 60-64 221 2.6 169 2.2 390 2.4 65-69 158 1.9 111 1.4 269 1.7 70+ 281 3.4 225 2.9 506 3.1 Missing/DK 00.020.020.0

Dependency age groups

<15 3,132 37.3 2,830 36.2 5,962 36.8 15-64 4,820 57.4 4,660 59.5 9,480 58.4 65+ 439 5.2 336 4.3 775 4.8 Missing/DK 0 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.0

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 3 Table HH.3: Household composition Percent distribution of households by selected characteristics, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Number of households Weighted percent Weighted Unweighted

Punjab 100.0 91,075 91,075

District Sahiwal 100.0 2,476 1,509

Tehsil

Chichawatni 39.7 982 664 Sahiwal 60.3 1,494 845

Area of residence

Rural 83.9 2,077 1,150 All Urban 16.1 399 359 Other Urban 100.0 399 359

SexGender of household head

Male 93.8 2,322 1,413 Female 6.2 154 96

No. of household members

1 1.9 48 31 2-3 11.0 273 176 4-5 24.7 612 376 6-7 31.4 777 466 8-9 19.1 472 288 10+ 11.9 294 172

At least one child aged < 5 years 45.2 2,476 1,509 At least one woman aged 15-49 years 82.7 2,476 1,509

Punjab At least one child aged < 5 years 47.4 91,075 91,075 At least one woman aged 15-49 years 81.9 91,075 91,075

4 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HH.4: Women's background characteristics Percent distribution of women aged 15-49 years by background characteristics, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Number of women Weighted percent Weighted Unweighted

Punjab 100.0 86,148 86,148

District Sahiwal 100.0 2,345 1,408

Tehsil Chichawatni 38.9 912 620 Sahiwal 61.1 1,433 788

Area of residence Rural 84.9 1,992 1,086 All Urban 15.1 354 322 Other Urban 100.0 354 322

Age 15-19 1.1 26 17 20-24 12.6 296 168 25-29 19.4 455 270 30-34 18.8 442 258 35-39 20.8 488 288 40-44 13.4 315 206 45-49 13.8 324 201

Marital status Currently married 96.2 2,256 1,347 Widowed 2.7 63 43 Divorced 1.1 25 18

Motherhood status Ever gave birth 88.1 2,065 1,236 Never gave birth 11.9 279 171

Education None 66.3 1,554 914 Primary 14.8 348 211 Middle 5.7 134 78 Secondary 6.6 155 101 Higher 6.5 154 104

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 22.5 527 298 Second 26.7 627 372 Middle 23.3 546 317 Fourth 17.5 410 234 Highest 10.1 236 187

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 5 Table HH.5: Children's background characteristics Percent distribution of children under five years of age by background characteristics, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Number of under-5 children Weighted percent Weighted Unweighted

Punjab 100.0 70,226 70,226

District Sahiwal 100.0 1,924 1,119

Tehsil Chichawatni 37.2 715 487 Sahiwal 62.8 1,209 632

Area of residence Rural 86.1 1,658 873 All Urban 13.9 267 246 Other Urban 100.0 267 246

Gender Male 51.9 998 561 Female 48.1 926 558

Age < 6 months 10.6 204 116 6-11 months 11.4 219 130 12-23 months 18.8 362 211 24-35 months 17.7 340 190 36-47 months 19.1 367 214 48-59 months 22.3 430 256 Missing/Inconsisten 0.1 3 2

Mother's Education None 67.5 1,300 732 Primary 16.2 311 178 Middle 5.2 101 55 Secondary 6.1 117 74 Higher 5.0 96 80

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 24.9 478 281 Second 28.0 538 310 Middle 21.3 410 230 Fourth 18.7 360 180 Highest 7.2 138 118

6 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table NU.1: Child malnourishment Percentage of children aged 0-59 months who are severely or moderately malnourished, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Weight for age Height for age Weight for height Number of % below % below % below % below % below % below % above children aged 0-59 - 2 SD* - 3 SD* - 2 SD** - 3 SD** - 2 SD*** - 3 SD*** + 2 SD months

Punjab 33.6 11.3 42.4 23.3 13.4 5.6 6.9 57,368

District Sahiwal 30.6 10.3 42.1 23.1 10.7 4.2 5.5 1,454

Tehsil Chichawatni 26.3 7.8 39.5 20.4 6.0 1.2 5.0 540 Sahiwal 33.2 11.7 43.7 24.6 13.5 6.1 5.8 914

Area of residence Rural 30.4 10.4 43.9 24.1 9.7 4.1 5.7 1,232 All Urban 31.8 9.6 32.4 17.1 16.6 5.2 4.4 223 Other Urban 31.8 9.6 32.4 17.1 16.6 5.2 4.4 223

Gender Male 32.4 11.4 42.5 24.9 12.1 4.7 5.7 748 Female 28.7 9.0 41.8 21.1 9.3 3.8 5.2 707

Child's age < 6 months 16.1 6.8 31.3 10.8 14.9 6.6 17.8 116 6-11 months 30.8 16.0 43.2 26.0 11.0 4.1 7.9 191 12-23 months 38.4 13.7 49.7 26.6 14.4 4.0 7.3 291 24-35 months 34.5 13.6 34.9 20.5 12.0 7.5 3.4 272 36-47 months 25.2 5.6 43.3 25.2 9.6 2.4 1.2 264 48-59 months 30.0 6.0 43.8 23.2 5.7 2.5 3.2 318 Missing/Inconsisten 0.0 0.0 27.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3

Mother's Education None 33.8 11.4 46.7 27.2 10.2 4.3 5.3 961 Primary 26.1 5.1 36.9 18.2 8.2 1.7 6.0 249 Middle 27.3 13.2 32.3 14.3 15.3 5.1 5.5 84 Secondary 29.6 18.3 34.6 8.9 22.1 14.1 3.8 77 Higher 11.4 1.9 22.1 11.6 9.3 1.1 7.9 83

Wealth Index quintiles Lowest 38.1 9.4 44.4 27.1 11.1 4.7 3.9 345 Second 33.6 14.0 53.1 28.4 11.3 4.5 6.3 388 Middle 28.9 11.4 36.0 20.3 10.0 3.6 5.8 315 Fourth 25.3 7.5 37.7 18.9 12.6 5.6 6.1 284 Highest 16.7 4.2 27.2 11.3 5.2 0.7 4.8 122

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 7 Table NU.4: Adequately fed infants Percentage of infants under 6 months of age exclusively breastfed, percentage of infants 6-11 months who are breastfed and who ate solid/semi-solid food at least the minimum recommended number of times yesterday and percentage of infants adequately fed, MICS Punjab, 2007-08 Percent of infants 6-11 months who received 6-8 months who 9-11 months breastmilk and received who received complementary breastmilk and breastmilk and food at least the complementary complementary minimum 0-11 months 0-5 months food at least 2 food at least 3 recommended who were Number of exclusively times in prior 24 times in prior 24 number of times appropriately infants aged breastfed hours hours per day* fed** 0-11 months

Punjab 48.5 30.0 32.5 31.0 40.2 14,498

District Sahiwal 65.1 23.3 27.2 24.9 44.3 423

Tehsil

i 63.4 32.1 38.9 35.0 47.1 161 Sahiwal 66.0 17.4 17.5 17.4 42.6 262

Area of residence Rural 65.5 23.3 27.2 24.9 44.7 360 All Urban 62.9 23.4 26.8 24.7 42.2 63 Urban 62.9 23.4 26.8 24.7 42.2 63

Gender

Male 67.8 17.9 26.5 21.6 44.8 221 Female 62.0 28.4 27.9 28.2 43.8 202

Mother's Education None 52.0 22.0 27.7 24.3 37.1 269 Primary 80.0 18.2 24.6 20.7 50.0 85 Middle 100.0 50.9 0.0 24.7 50.3 19 Secondary 87.9 52.4 61.5 55.9 77.9 34 Higher 100.0 0.0 37.6 17.1 56.2 16

Wealth Index quintiles Lowest 55.4 16.7 25.1 19.6 33.6 83 Second 70.3 39.7 18.5 27.2 48.4 121 Middle 64.2 49.1 27.9 37.2 51.6 85 Fourth 62.6 9.1 59.8 18.8 40.3 113 Highest 81.4 25.7 0.0 22.8 54.8 21

8 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 TTableable NUNU.5:.5: IAdequatelyodized salt consumptIodized saltion consumption Percentage of households consuming adequately iodized salt, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percent of households with Percent of Number of Salt test result households Number of households in in which households which salt was salt was interviewe >0 to < 15 15+ tested or with no tested d No salt 0 PPM PPM PPM* Total salt

Punjab 98.9 91,075 0.3 87.67 5.7 6.35 100.0 90,333

District Sahiwal 99.8 2,476 0.1 94.24 2.5 3.18 100.0 2,474

Tehsil

Chichawatni 100.0 982 0.0 95.59 2.6 1.84 100.0 982 Sahiwal 99.7 1,494 0.1 93.35 2.5 4.07 100.0 1,491

Area of residence

Rural 99.9 2,077 0.0 95.59 2.7 1.74 100.0 2,075 All Urban 99.5 399 0.5 87.21 1.6 10.68 100.0 399 Other Urban 99.5 399 0.5 87.21 1.6 10.68 100.0 399

Wealth Index quintiles

Lowest 100.0 622 0.0 98.91 0.8 0.26 100.0 622 Second 99.5 654 0.3 95.53 2.3 1.87 100.0 653 Middle 99.8 567 0.0 93.51 5.1 1.42 100.0 566 Fourth 100.0 374 0.0 95.65 2.4 1.96 100.0 374 Highest 100.0 259 0.0 79.34 1.5 19.12 100.0 259

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 9 Table NU.6: Children's vitamin A supplementation Percent distribution of children aged 6-59 months by whether they have received a high dose vitamin A supplement in the last 6 months, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percent of children who received Number of vitamin A: Not sure if Never children Within last Prior to last Not sure received received aged 6-59 6 months* 6 months when vitamin A vitamin A Total months

Punjab 79.4 4.8 5.4 0.9 9.5 100.0 62,613

District Sahiwal 65.4 20.0 3.9 1.9 8.8 100.0 1,720

Tehsil Chichawatni 59.2 31.0 1.6 0.2 8.0 100.0 647 Sahiwal 69.2 13.3 5.4 2.9 9.2 100.0 1,073

Area of residence Rural 63.5 23.2 2.3 2.1 8.9 100.0 1,482 All Urban 77.2 0.0 14.3 0.4 8.0 100.0 238 Other Urban 77.2 0.0 14.3 0.4 8.0 100.0 238

Gender Male 65.9 20.6 4.4 1.4 7.7 100.0 887 Female 64.9 19.3 3.5 2.4 9.9 100.0 833

Age 6-11 months 45.0 2.4 7.0 1.4 44.2 100.0 219 12-23 months 60.9 27.8 4.1 2.1 5.1 100.0 362 24-35 months 74.8 16.6 3.0 1.7 3.8 100.0 340 36-47 months 68.1 24.0 3.8 1.9 2.2 100.0 367 48-59 months 70.2 21.2 3.1 2.0 3.4 100.0 430 Missing/Inconsisten 27.8 72.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 3

Mother's Education None 62.4 22.7 4.6 2.7 7.6 100.0 1,175 Primary 66.6 18.4 2.7 0.0 12.3 100.0 270 Middle 81.5 5.7 1.1 0.0 11.8 100.0 94 Secondary 65.5 19.7 3.0 1.1 10.6 100.0 94 Higher 85.7 3.3 3.3 0.0 7.7 100.0 88

Wealth Index quintiles Lowest 60.7 22.6 1.4 3.0 12.3 100.0 446 Second 55.9 26.7 7.0 3.8 6.6 100.0 479 Middle 67.2 23.1 3.1 0.0 6.6 100.0 365 Fourth 76.3 8.2 5.5 0.0 10.0 100.0 304 Highest 86.9 4.7 0.0 0.8 7.6 100.0 126

10 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table CH.4: Oral rehydration treatment Percentage of children aged 0-59 months with diarrhoea in the last two weeks and treatment with oral rehydration solution (ORS) or other oral rehydration treatment (ORT), MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Had Children with diarrhoea who received: Number of diarrhoea Number of children in last children Recommended Pre- ORT aged 0-59 two aged 0-59 homemade packaged No Use months with weeks months NIMKOL fluid ORS fluid treatment Rate * diarrhoea

Punjab 7.8 70,226 22.5 10.1 21.6 53.0 47.0 5,445 ` District Sahiwal 8.9 1,924 18.0 8.8 42.0 37.1 62.9 171

Tehsil Chichawatni 6.1 715 17.4 9.1 39.0 42.1 57.9 44 Sahiwal 10.6 1,209 18.2 8.7 43.0 35.4 64.6 128

Area of residence Rural 8.3 1,658 15.7 6.2 41.6 41.7 58.3 137 All Urban 12.7 267 27.2 19.3 43.5 18.6 81.4 34 Other Urban 12.7 267 27.2 19.3 43.5 18.6 81.4 34

Gender Male 9.8 998 12.5 8.0 42.4 42.7 57.3 98 Female 7.9 926 25.4 9.8 41.3 29.8 70.2 73

Age < 6 months 9.4 204 19.5 17.7 34.2 38.8 61.2 19 6-11 months 9.9 219 0.0 6.1 53.5 40.4 59.6 22 12-23 months 14.1 362 22.8 14.2 41.3 25.4 74.6 51 24-35 months 9.7 340 12.3 2.2 44.7 45.5 54.5 33 36-47 months 5.9 367 15.9 0.0 44.1 48.2 51.8 22 48-59 months 5.8 430 32.3 9.5 33.8 36.4 63.6 25 Missing/Inconsisten 0.0 3 . . . . . 0

Mother's Education None 10.1 1,300 18.0 6.9 45.6 36.4 63.6 131 Primary 7.0 311 28.6 19.3 24.8 27.2 72.8 22 Middle 12.2 101 8.2 0.0 20.5 71.4 28.6 12 Secondary 2.5 117 0.0 0.0 55.0 45.0 55.0 3 Higher 3.5 96 0.0 51.6 78.7 0.0 100.0 3

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 9.9 478 6.9 5.3 39.5 48.3 51.7 47 Second 12.6 538 26.7 10.3 41.6 32.1 67.9 68 Middle 6.1 410 14.2 12.5 41.8 31.5 68.5 25 Fourth 7.6 360 22.1 2.6 44.6 37.6 62.4 27 Highest 2.9 138 0.0 42.7 60.3 22.0 78.0 4

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 11 Table CH.5: Home management of diarrhoea Percentage of children aged 0-59 months with diarrhoea in the last two weeks who took increased fluids and continued to feed during the episode, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

who: Ate some- Had Number what Home Received ORT Number of diarrhoea of Drank less, Ate manage- or increased children in last children the same much ment of fluids AND aged 0-59 two aged 0-59 Drank same or less or diarrhoea continued months with weeks months more or less more none * feeding** diarrhoea

Punjab 7.8 70,226 25.3 69.4 47.8 46.6 15.2 29.5 5,445

District Sahiwal 8.9 1,924 11.9 83.4 44.4 48.2 4.7 26.2 171

Tehsil Chichawatni 6.1 715 6.6 84.0 52.4 31.9 3.3 34.4 44 Sahiwal 10.6 1,209 13.7 83.2 41.6 53.8 5.2 23.3 128

Area of residence Rural 8.3 1,658 9.9 86.0 42.8 50.5 4.1 22.5 137 All Urban 12.7 267 20.1 73.0 50.7 38.7 7.2 40.9 34 Other Urban 12.7 267 20.1 73.0 50.7 38.7 7.2 40.9 34

Gender Male 9.8 998 12.3 83.1 41.8 48.1 3.2 18.5 98 Female 7.9 926 11.4 83.8 47.8 48.3 6.8 36.4 73

Age 0-11 months 9.7 423 13.6 80.1 8.3 77.1 1.8 5.0 41 12-23 months 14.1 362 17.9 79.3 57.1 35.6 14.4 42.5 51 24-35 months 9.7 340 6.9 88.3 40.0 55.3 0.0 15.7 33 36-47 months 5.9 367 4.2 95.8 70.3 29.7 0.0 31.2 22 48-59 months 5.8 430 10.3 80.0 61.1 32.8 0.0 37.0 25 Missing/Inconsisten 0.0 3 ...... 0

Mother's Education None 10.1 1,300 10.3 85.8 41.8 51.2 3.0 22.3 131 Primary 7.0 311 11.0 75.9 66.3 20.6 11.0 55.5 22 Middle 12.2 101 8.2 91.8 44.4 55.6 8.2 17.6 12 Secondary 2.5 117 30.8 69.2 0.0 75.8 0.0 0.0 3 Higher 3.5 96 78.7 21.3 42.6 57.4 21.3 42.6 3

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 9.9 478 9.6 83.9 32.4 57.8 0.0 15.0 47 Second 12.6 538 8.8 87.4 52.1 43.4 5.9 31.5 68 Middle 6.1 410 12.8 81.4 44.9 43.5 6.6 31.8 25 Fourth 7.6 360 18.3 81.7 43.7 50.9 6.3 25.6 27 Highest 2.9 138 42.7 35.3 57.3 25.1 17.6 35.3 4

12 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table CH.6: Care seeking for suspected pneumonia Percentage of children aged 0-59 months with suspected pneumonia in the last two weeks taken to a health provider, MICS Punjab, 2007-08 Children with suspected pneumonia who were taken to: Number Public sources Private sources Other source of Any Number of children Had acute children Govt. Rural Private Other Traditional appropriat aged 0-59 months respiratory aged 0-59 Govt. health health Dispe- Other hospital Private Dispensar/ Mobile private Relative practitioner Home- e provider with suspected infection months hospital centre center nsary public clinic physician compounder clinic medical or friend (Hakeem) opath Other * pneumonia

Punjab 7.2 70,226 17.0 1.7 2.5 2.7 0.6 10.1 42.6 20.1 0.7 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.0 70.3 5,022

District Sahiwal 18.0 1,924 16.4 5.6 1.0 3.5 0.0 6.2 40.9 18.0 0.4 0.0 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.2 346

Tehsil Chichawatni 12.6 715 6.3 1.9 1.7 0.0 0.0 7.4 33.0 44.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.3 90 Sahiwal 21.2 1,209 20.0 6.9 0.8 4.7 0.0 5.7 43.8 8.8 0.5 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 71.8 256

Area of residence Rural 19.4 1,658 13.9 5.1 1.1 2.3 0.0 4.1 42.8 18.3 0.4 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65.9 321 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE All Urban 9.4 267 48.0 12.1 0.0 19.3 0.0 32.8 17.5 14.2 0.0 0.0 43.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 69.8 25 Other Urban 9.4 267 48.0 12.1 0.0 19.3 0.0 32.8 17.5 14.2 0.0 0.0 43.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 69.8 25

Gender Male 22.4 998 14.4 5.5 1.5 2.3 0.0 5.6 46.9 15.7 0.0 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 70.8 223 Female 13.3 926 20.0 5.8 0.0 5.7 0.0 7.1 30.1 22.1 1.1 0.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 57.7 123

Age 0-11 months 22.8 423 13.8 3.5 0.0 2.7 0.0 3.0 53.5 22.4 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 72.7 96 12-23 months 25.0 362 14.4 3.5 0.0 4.6 0.0 7.6 25.8 18.6 0.0 0.0 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 47.1 90 24-35 months 19.6 340 12.9 7.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 61.0 15.2 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 79.9 67 36-47 months 12.7 367 14.2 3.5 4.2 6.5 0.0 7.1 36.2 13.7 0.0 0.0 5.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 61.6 47 48-59 months 10.7 430 33.3 13.9 3.3 5.1 0.0 15.5 20.1 15.9 3.0 0.0 17.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 74.6 46 Missing/Inconsist 0.03 ...... 0

Mother's Education None 18.8 1,300 16.3 6.7 1.4 3.3 0.0 6.8 34.0 19.5 0.6 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 61.8 244 Primary 17.8 311 18.7 3.6 0.0 4.0 0.0 2.6 42.9 20.6 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67.9 55 Middle 19.6 101 23.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.7 63.7 7.6 0.0 0.0 11.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 87.3 20 Secondary 19.0 117 8.7 0.0 0.0 4.6 0.0 4.6 83.3 4.6 0.0 0.0 9.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 87.9 22 Higher 5.2 96 0.0 20.6 0.0 18.1 0.0 0.0 81.9 18.1 0.0 0.0 38.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 81.9 5

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 13.2 478 38.7 7.1 2.4 2.7 0.0 4.7 28.7 17.6 0.0 0.0 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.9 63 Second 18.6 538 17.0 9.2 0.0 4.3 0.0 8.4 30.5 17.6 1.4 0.0 3.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 63.1 100 Middle 22.4 410 7.5 3.0 2.1 3.6 0.0 4.1 36.4 22.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.5 92 Fourth 22.5 360 10.5 3.7 0.0 2.2 0.0 7.7 69.2 10.3 0.0 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 83.1 81 Highest 7.4 138 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.9 0.0 0.0 35.7 48.3 0.0 0.0 9.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.7 10 13 Table CH.7A: Knowledge of the two danger signs of pneumonia Percentage of mothers/caretakers of children aged 0-59 months by knowledge of types of symptoms for taking a child immediately to a health facility, and percentage of mothers/caretakers who recognize fast and difficult breathing as signs for seeking care immediately, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percentage of mothers/caretakers of children aged 0-59 months who think that a child should be taken immediately to a health facility if the child: Is not Mothers/ Number of able to caretakers who mothers/ drink Has Has Has Has recognize the caretakers of or fast difficul blood Is other two danger children breas- Becomes Develop breat- t breat- in drinking symp- signs of aged 0-59 tfeed sicker s a fever hing hing stool poorly toms pneumonia* months

Punjab 29.7 66.1 72.4 25.1 23.9 15.3 30.8 1.5 10.1 70,226

Sahiwal 34.9 56.7 33.7 23.6 29.2 9.8 50.3 0.3 6.3 1,924

Tehsil Chichawatni 44.4 53.0 31.6 27.6 32.8 9.5 57.7 0.0 6.2 715 Sahiwal 29.3 58.9 34.9 21.2 27.0 9.9 45.9 0.5 6.4 1,209

Area of residence Rural 31.1 57.0 32.4 25.6 29.2 8.8 48.6 0.3 6.4 1,658 All Urban 58.6 55.0 41.7 11.5 29.1 16.0 60.8 0.0 5.6 267 Other Urban 58.6 55.0 41.7 11.5 29.1 16.0 60.8 0.0 5.6 267

Mother's Education None 33.2 57.4 34.2 22.9 29.1 9.3 49.2 0.0 6.8 1,300 Primary 34.0 54.4 32.5 27.0 24.8 5.9 48.8 0.6 6.1 311 Middle 32.6 63.6 34.6 30.5 25.4 12.9 51.9 3.6 0.0 101 Secondary 44.2 56.3 23.4 19.8 42.5 17.2 56.1 0.0 6.8 117 Higher 52.9 48.9 41.7 19.0 31.8 16.5 61.2 0.0 6.9 96

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 36.3 62.7 42.2 24.5 21.5 9.7 44.9 0.4 7.0 478 Second 31.9 57.9 34.1 21.4 28.9 9.2 49.9 0.7 3.5 538 Middle 36.0 48.3 34.7 27.7 28.8 8.3 47.5 0.0 10.7 410 Fourth 27.5 57.0 19.6 23.3 37.3 6.0 58.7 0.0 4.3 360 Highest 58.0 55.8 35.8 17.9 36.7 26.5 57.0 0.0 6.7 138

14 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table CH.8: Solid fuel use Percent distribution of households according to type of cooking fuel, and percentage of households using solid fuels for cooking, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percentage of households using:

Solid fuels Liquid Straw/ Number of Natural Coal/ Animal Agricultural Other/ for Electricity Propane Biogas Kerosene Wood shrubs Total households gas Charcoal dung crop residue missing cooking* Gas (LPG) / grass

Punjab 0.1 4.2 24.9 0.1 0.0 0.6 54.3 3.6 12.0 0.2 0.1 100.0 70.6 91,075

Sahiwal 0.1 2.0 12.6 0.0 1.3 79.3 2.5 2.1 0.1 100.0 85.1 2,476

Tehsil Chichawatni 0.2 1.0 9.1 0.0 0.5 85.5 2.7 1.0 0.0 100.0 89.8 982 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Sahiwal 0.1 2.6 14.9 0.1 1.7 75.2 2.4 2.8 0.2 100.0 82.1 1,494

Area of residence S Rural 0.1 1.1 1.9 0.0 1.5 89.9 3.0 2.5 0.1 100.0 96.8 2,077 All Urban 0.4 6.2 68.2 0.3 0.2 24.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 100.0 24.4 399 Other Urban 0.4 6.2 68.2 0.3 0.2 24.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 100.0 24.4 399

Mother's Education None 0.1 1.3 5.8 0.0 1.0 86.0 3.3 2.4 0.2 100.0 92.7 1,259 Primary 0.0 0.9 10.0 0.0 0.9 83.5 2.2 2.6 0.0 100.0 89.1 364 Middle 1.1 0.9 14.4 0.5 1.3 79.7 1.4 0.8 0.0 100.0 83.2 241 Secondary 0.0 2.4 19.8 0.0 3.5 70.6 2.1 1.5 0.0 100.0 77.8 346 Higher 0.0 6.2 37.5 0.0 0.0 52.9 0.8 2.1 0.6 100.0 55.7 262 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 61.7 38.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 3 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 1

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 90.8 3.1 4.8 0.0 100.0 100.0 622 Second 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 93.6 3.1 2.0 0.3 100.0 99.5 654 Middle 0.3 1.2 3.1 0.0 2.9 87.3 4.0 0.9 0.3 100.0 95.1 567

15 Fourth 0.5 4.1 26.0 0.0 0.5 67.9 0.0 1.0 0.0 100.0 69.4 374 Highest 0.0 10.2 75.0 0.4 0.0 14.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 14.4 259 BLANK

16 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table EN.1: Use of improved water sources Percent distribution of household population according to main source of drinking water and percentage of household population using improved drinking water sources, MICS Punjab, 2007- 08 Main source of drinking water Improved sources Unimproved sources

Protected: Unprotected Tanker Piped Protected well Improved Piped Public Tubewell Bottled : well within /Cart Bottled Number of into Hand Donkey well outside Surface Other/ source of into tap/ / /can or outside with /can Total household yard or Pump Pump within dwelling/ water Missing drinking dwelling standpipe turbine water dwelling/ small water members plot dwelling spring, unprotected tank water* rainwater

Punjab 16.50.42.931.639.40.83.20.81.40.40.70.30.41.4 100.096.8 592,843

District Sahiwal 2.8 0.1 2.1 28.6 63.3 0.1 2.2 - 0.1 - - - 0.2 0.5 100.0 99.3 16,219 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Tehsil Chichawatni 3.40.01.729.464.10.20.0 - 0.0 ---0.50.6 100.098.96,374 Sahiwal2.50.12.428.162.70.03.6 - 0.2 ---0.10.3 100.099.69,845

Area of residence Rural0.80.12.232.560.90.12.5 - 0.1 ---0.30.5 100.099.213,812 All Urban 14.50.11.96.477.10.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.10.0 100.099.92,408 Other Urban 14.50.11.96.477.10.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.10.0 100.099.92,408 Rural0.80.12.232.560.90.12.5 - 0.1 ---0.30.5 100.099.213,812

Education of head of household None 2.60.13.336.253.10.23.6 - 0.0 ---0.50.3 100.099.28,367 Primary 2.60.01.531.861.30.00.3 - 0.8 ---0.01.7 100.098.32,365 Middle 4.20.00.721.673.50.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.01,650 Secondary 3.40.00.718.476.10.01.4 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.02,111 Higher 2.40.00.07.089.70.00.6 - 0.0 ---0.00.4 100.099.61,687 Madrasa/NSC 0.00.00.00.0 100.00.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.010 Missing/DK 0.00.00.00.0 100.00.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.029

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 0.60.07.479.89.50.00.0 - 0.0 ---1.01.7 100.097.33,724 Second1.70.21.134.860.60.00.9 - 0.5 ---0.00.3 100.099.74,275 Middle 1.10.00.44.590.80.42.6 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.03,734 Fourth7.50.10.20.484.40.07.5 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.02,839 Highest 6.90.00.00.392.90.00.0 - 0.0 ---0.00.0 100.0 100.01,648 17 18

Table EN.2: Household water treatment Percent distribution of household population according to drinking water treatment method used in the household, and percentage of household population that applied an appropriate water treatment method, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Improved drinking water Unimproved drinking

ISPNA 2007-08 PUNJAB MICS Water treatment method used in the household All drinking water sources sources water sources

Add Appropriate Appropriate Appropriate bleach/chlorine Strain Use water Number of water Number of water Number of or Solar through a water Let it stand Other/ treatment household treatment household treatment household None Boil disinfection cloth filter and settle DK method* members method members method members

Punjab 93.8 2.8 0.0 0.2 2.0 1.0 0.1 4.8 592,843 4.9 573,930 2.6 18,913

District Sahiwal 97.5 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.0 2.4 16,219 2.4 16,106 0.0 114

Tehsil Chichawatni 97.9 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 2.1 6,374 2.1 6,304 0.0 70 Sahiwal 97.2 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.2 0.0 2.6 9,845 2.6 9,802 0.0 44

Area of residence Rural 98.6 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 1.2 13,812 1.2 13,700 0.0 112 All Urban 91.1 3.7 0.0 0.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 8.9 2,408 8.9 2,406 0.0 2 Other Urban 91.1 3.7 0.0 0.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 8.9 2,408 8.9 2,406 0.0 2

Education of head of household None 99.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 8,367 0.1 8,299 0.0 68 Primary 97.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.0 2.1 2,365 2.1 2,325 0.0 39 Middle 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,650 0.0 1,650 . 0 Secondary 94.2 3.3 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.0 0.0 5.8 2,111 5.8 2,111 . 0 Higher 88.4 5.7 0.0 0.0 5.9 0.0 0.0 11.6 1,687 11.7 1,681 0.0 6 Madrasa/NSC 23.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.3 0.0 0.0 76.3 10 76.3 10 . 0 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29 0.0 29 . 0

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,724 0.0 3,624 0.0 100 Second 99.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.2 4,275 0.2 4,262 0.0 13 Middle 98.5 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.5 3,734 1.5 3,734 . 0 Fourth 98.9 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 2,839 1.1 2,839 . 0 Highest 82.3 8.1 0.0 0.0 9.5 0.0 0.0 17.7 1,648 17.7 1,648 . 0 Table EN.3: PhysicalPhysical accessaccess to to source source of of water water Percent distribution of households according to time to go to source of drinking water, get water and return, and mean time to source of drinking water,MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Time to source of drinking water Mean time Less than 30 minutes to to source Number of Water on 1 hour DK/ 30 less than 1 Total of drinking households premises or more Missing minutes hour water*

Punjab 92.3 5.1 1.6 0.8 0.2 100.0 22.6 91,075

District Sahiwal 96.3 3.5 0.2 - - 100.0 10.9 2,476

Tehsil

Chichawatni 96.3 3.5 0.2 - - 100.0 11.3 982 Sahiwal 96.2 3.5 0.3 - - 100.0 10.6 1,494

Area of residence

Rural 96.1 3.6 0.3 - - 100.0 11.5 2,077 All Urban 96.9 3.1 0.0 - - 100.0 6.9 399 Other Urban 96.9 3.1 0.0 - - 100.0 6.9 399

Education of head of household

None 94.9 4.8 0.3 - - 100.0 11.0 1,259 Primary 94.8 5.2 0.0 - - 100.0 10.3 364 Middle 99.2 0.8 0.0 - - 100.0 10.0 241 Secondary 98.2 1.3 0.5 - - 100.0 13.2 346 Higher 99.4 0.6 0.0 - - 100.0 5.0 262 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 - - 100.0 . 3 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 - - 100.0 . 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 88.5 11.1 0.4 - - 100.0 10.2 622 Second 97.7 1.8 0.5 - - 100.0 14.7 654 Middle 99.2 0.8 0.0 - - 100.0 11.6 567 Fourth 99.6 0.4 0.0 - - 100.0 2.0 374 Highest 100.0 0.0 0.0 - - 100.0 . 259

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 19 Table EN.3A: Bacteria water testing Percent distribution of household according to bacteria water testing, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percent of households were:

Percent of Number of households in Number of Bacteria was Bacteria was households in Total which water households present not present which water was was tested tested

Punjab 91.4 91,075 48.7 51.3 100.0 83,222

District Sahiwal 88.5 2,476 52.6 47.4 100.0 2,191

Tehsil

Chichawatni 98.5 982 52.2 47.8 100.0 967 Sahiwal 81.9 1,494 52.9 47.1 100.0 1,224

Area of residence

Rural 87.4 2,077 45.3 54.7 100.0 1,815 All Urban 94.2 399 87.9 12.1 100.0 376 Other Urban 94.2 399 87.9 12.1 100.0 376

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 89.4 622 38.3 61.7 100.0 556 Second 87.7 654 51.9 48.1 100.0 573 Middle 86.2 567 52.6 47.4 100.0 489 Fourth 89.4 374 60.7 39.3 100.0 335 Highest 92.0 259 75.9 24.1 100.0 239

20 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table EN.5: Use of sanitary means of excreta disposal Percent distribution of household population according to type of toilet facility used by the household, and the percentage of household population using sanitary means of excreta disposal, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Type of toilet facility used by household Improved sanitation facility Unimproved sanitation facility Flush/pour flush to:

Percentage of Flush to Flush to Ventilated Public/ No facilities population using Number of Flush to piped septic pit improved pit Covered pit communal Uncovered or bush or sanitary means of household sewer system tank (latrine) latrine latrine latrinepit field Other Missing Total excreta disposal* members

Punjab 20.9 36.5 9.6 0.7 1.6 0.1 0.3 29.4 0.5 0.3 100.0 69.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 29.2 16.2 17.1 2.6 3.6 - 0.4 30.5 - 0.2 100.0 68.9 16,219 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE

Tehsil Chichawatni 24.8 15.8 25.0 3.2 3.0 - 0.0 28.2 - 0.1 100.0 71.7 6,374 Sahiwal 32.2 16.5 12.1 2.2 4.1 - 0.7 32.0 - 0.3 100.0 67.0 9,845

Area of residence Rural 18.3 19.1 19.6 3.0 4.2 - 0.5 35.2 - 0.1 100.0 64.2 13,812 All Urban 92.2 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.2 - 0.0 3.5 - 1.1 100.0 95.4 2,408 Other Urban 92.2 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.2 - 0.0 3.5 - 1.1 100.0 95.4 2,408

Education of head of household None 23.2 12.4 17.0 1.8 3.2 - 0.1 42.1 - 0.1 100.0 57.6 8,367 Primary 26.1 18.2 16.4 3.7 2.4 - 1.2 31.9 - 0.0 100.0 66.9 2,365 Middle 27.9 25.8 19.0 4.1 4.3 - 0.0 18.3 - 0.6 100.0 81.1 1,650 Secondary 41.0 15.5 19.3 4.0 4.8 - 1.5 13.7 - 0.2 100.0 84.7 2,111 Higher 50.1 22.9 14.9 1.7 5.4 - 0.0 4.5 - 0.6 100.0 95.0 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 100.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 100.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 0.9 1.7 9.1 5.0 1.7 - 0.0 81.6 - 0.0 100.0 18.4 3,724 Second 14.3 14.1 22.4 2.9 6.4 - 1.1 38.8 - 0.0 100.0 60.1 4,275 Middle 30.1 24.9 30.2 2.8 4.9 - 0.6 5.8 - 0.6 100.0 93.0 3,734 Fourth 56.7 29.9 10.7 0.0 1.6 - 0.0 1.1 - 0.0 100.0 98.9 2,839 Highest 83.0 11.4 3.2 0.0 1.6 - 0.0 0.0 - 0.8 100.0 99.2 1,648 21 Table EN.7: Use of improved water sources and improved sanitation Percentage of household population using both improved drinking water sources and sanitary means of excreta disposal, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percentage of household population: Using improved Using improved Using sanitary sources of drinking Number of sources of means of excreta water and using household drinking water* disposal** sanitary means of members excreta disposal***

Punjab 96.8 69.5 67.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 99.3 68.9 68.8 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 98.9 71.7 71.6 6,374 Sahiwal 99.6 67.0 67.0 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 99.2 64.2 64.2 13,812 All Urban 99.9 95.4 95.4 2,408 Other Urban 99.9 95.4 95.4 2,408

Education of head of household

None 99.2 57.6 57.6 8,367 Primary 98.3 66.9 66.5 2,365 Middle 100.0 81.1 81.1 1,650 Secondary 100.0 84.7 84.7 2,111 Higher 99.6 95.0 95.0 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 100.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 97.3 18.4 18.1 3,724 Second 99.7 60.1 60.1 4,275 Middle 100.0 93.0 93.0 3,734 Fourth 100.0 98.9 98.9 2,839 Highest 100.0 99.2 99.2 1,648

22 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table EN.11A: Disposal of waste water

Percent distribution of household population according to disposal of waste water, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Waste water disposal Proper Sewerage Sewerage Open Pit in or No disposal Number of connected connected Septic street or outside response of waste households with main with open tank open house /DK water line drain fields

Punjab 19.3 30.2 7.4 10.9 32.1 0.1 56.8 592,843

District Sahiwal 24.0 21.6 7.8 19.9 26.7 - 53.4 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 22.1 21.9 9.3 25.6 21.2 - 53.2 6,374 Sahiwal 25.2 21.5 6.8 16.2 30.4 - 53.5 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 13.3 23.7 9.0 22.9 31.0 - 46.1 13,812 All Urban 85.0 9.6 0.3 2.7 2.4 - 94.9 2,408 Other Urban 85.0 9.6 0.3 2.7 2.4 - 94.9 2,408

Education of head of household

None 16.8 21.9 6.4 20.0 35.0 - 45.1 8,367 Primary 24.2 16.0 6.4 26.1 27.3 - 46.6 2,365 Middle 27.1 27.3 8.7 19.1 17.8 - 63.1 1,650 Secondary 31.7 25.3 9.1 19.4 14.5 - 66.1 2,111 Higher 46.6 18.6 12.2 12.8 9.7 - 77.5 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 100.0 10 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 - 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 0.7 6.3 1.6 23.0 68.4 - 8.6 3,724 Second 11.3 21.3 9.1 28.8 29.5 - 41.7 4,275 Middle 23.0 29.4 11.1 26.9 9.6 - 63.5 3,734 Fourth 40.0 39.1 11.6 4.5 4.8 - 90.7 2,839 Highest 84.3 9.2 4.0 0.2 2.3 - 97.5 1,648

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 23 Table EN.11B: Disposal of solid waste Percent distribution of household population according to disposal of solid waste, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Solid waste disposal Disposed of Private Collected Proper by solid company No Number of by any In open In open disposal of waste vechicle response households municipal streets fields solidsolid waste water management collects / DK institution deptt from home

Punjab 7.8 1.8 4.5 7.7 78.1 0.1 14.1 592,843

District Sahiwal 0.7 0.5 5.8 25.4 67.6 0.0 7.0 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 0.0 0.5 3.8 30.8 64.9 0.0 4.3 6,374 Sahiwal 1.2 0.4 7.1 21.9 69.3 0.0 8.7 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 0.1 0.2 0.1 26.3 73.3 0.0 0.4 13,812 All Urban 4.5 2.1 38.3 20.3 34.8 0.0 45.0 2,408 Other Urban 4.5 2.1 38.3 20.3 34.8 0.0 45.0 2,408

Education of head of household

None 0.5 0.1 1.4 25.1 73.0 0.0 1.9 8,367 Primary 0.9 1.2 4.5 22.1 71.4 0.0 6.5 2,365 Middle 0.9 0.9 4.3 36.3 57.7 0.0 6.0 1,650 Secondary 0.6 0.7 11.3 24.4 63.0 0.1 12.5 2,111 Higher 1.9 0.3 24.2 22.9 50.7 0.0 26.4 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 76.3 23.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.9 84.0 0.0 0.0 3,724 Second 0.0 0.0 0.0 24.9 75.1 0.0 0.0 4,275 Middle 0.5 0.2 1.4 28.3 69.7 0.0 2.0 3,734 Fourth 2.1 1.0 5.1 36.7 55.1 0.0 8.2 2,839 Highest 2.6 2.5 45.1 22.1 27.7 0.0 50.2 1,648

24 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table EN.12A: Hands washing before meal Percent distribution of household population according to hands washing before meal, MICS Punjab,

Hand washing before meal Some Adequate Number of All with All without Some with without No one washing households soap soap soap soap

Punjab 44.5 12.2 31.1 6.8 5.4 56.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 50.0 10.6 30.4 5.8 3.1 60.6 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 47.0 13.1 34.0 4.6 1.3 60.0 6,374 Sahiwal 52.0 9.0 28.1 6.6 4.3 61.0 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 45.3 11.7 34.3 5.2 3.5 57.0 13,812 All Urban 76.8 4.3 8.4 9.6 0.9 81.1 2,408 Other Urban 76.8 4.3 8.4 9.6 0.9 81.1 2,408

Education of head of household

None 38.4 13.0 35.4 7.3 5.9 51.3 8,367 Primary 47.7 11.4 36.0 4.5 0.4 59.1 2,365 Middle 43.4 12.4 35.8 8.4 0.0 55.9 1,650 Secondary 73.5 2.8 20.6 3.1 0.0 75.9 2,111 Higher 87.1 6.0 5.4 1.5 0.0 93.1 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 19.0 22.7 37.8 10.1 10.3 41.7 3,724 Second 38.2 13.0 39.8 6.6 2.5 51.0 4,275 Middle 56.2 6.6 32.4 4.4 0.4 62.8 3,734 Fourth 76.0 1.7 18.6 3.7 0.0 77.7 2,839 Highest 91.9 1.7 5.5 0.9 0.0 93.6 1,648

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 25 Table EN.12B: Hands washing after using latrine

Percent distribution of household population according to hands washing after using latrine, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Hand washing after latrine Some No Adequate Number of All with All without Some with without No one response/ washing households soap soap soap soap DK

Punjab 57.8 8.2 25.4 6.2 2.4 0.1 65.9 592,843

District Sahiwal 65.9 6.1 21.9 3.8 2.2 - 72.0 16,219

Tehsil Chichawatni 62.0 6.8 26.1 3.7 1.5 - 68.6 6,374 Sahiwal 68.5 5.7 19.3 3.9 2.6 - 74.2 9,845

Area of residence Rural 61.4 7.2 25.2 3.7 2.6 - 68.5 13,812 All Urban 92.1 0.1 3.3 4.6 0.0 - 92.1 2,408 Other Urban 92.1 0.1 3.3 4.6 0.0 - 92.1 2,408

Education of head of household None 54.6 6.3 29.6 5.2 4.2 - 60.9 8,367 Primary 66.3 7.5 23.7 2.5 0.0 - 73.8 2,365 Middle 69.4 10.3 17.5 2.8 0.0 - 79.7 1,650 Secondary 85.7 1.5 9.0 3.9 0.0 - 86.8 2,111 Higher 92.5 4.9 2.6 0.0 0.0 - 97.4 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 30.8 12.3 40.9 7.6 8.4 - 43.1 3,724 Second 52.8 7.3 34.1 4.8 1.0 - 59.9 4,275 Middle 78.4 5.2 13.4 3.0 0.0 - 83.4 3,734 Fourth 96.4 0.9 2.1 0.6 0.0 - 97.4 2,839 Highest 98.8 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 - 98.8 1,648

26 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table RH.1: Use of contraception Percentage of women aged 15-49 years currently married who are using (or whose partner is using) a contraceptive method, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

y married) who are using: Percent of women (currentl Not Number of Female Male Any Any Any using Foam/ Periodic women steriliz- sterili- Pill IUD Injections Condom LAM Withdrawal Other Total modern traditional method any jelly abstinence currently ation zation method method * method married

Punjab 67.8 7.7 0.1 2.4 3.7 2.5 8.6 0.1 2.3 2.2 2.4 0.2 100.0 25.1 7.1 32.2 83,389

Sahiwal 63.9 10.6 0.1 1.3 4.3 4.0 9.2 - 2.5 3.8 0.2 0.0 100.0 29.5 6.6 36.1 2,256

Tehsil

Chichawa 69.0 8.9 0.0 1.5 4.2 4.7 7.6 - 0.9 3.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 26.9 4.1 31.0 877 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Sahiwal 60.6 11.8 0.1 1.2 4.4 3.5 10.3 - 3.6 4.2 0.2 0.1 100.0 31.2 8.1 39.4 1,379

Area of residence Rural 65.1 10.9 0.1 1.4 3.9 4.2 9.0 - 2.5 2.7 0.2 0.0 100.0 29.5 5.4 34.9 1,924 All Urban 57.1 9.3 0.0 0.8 6.3 2.7 10.6 - 2.6 10.3 0.0 0.3 100.0 29.7 13.2 42.9 332 Other Urb 57.1 9.3 0.0 0.8 6.3 2.7 10.6 - 2.6 10.3 0.0 0.3 100.0 29.7 13.2 42.9 332

Age 15-19 96.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 100.0 0.0 3.5 3.5 26 20-24 81.9 0.5 0.0 0.5 2.4 2.8 5.5 - 5.4 0.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 11.8 6.3 18.1 291 25-29 73.5 1.2 0.0 0.3 3.9 2.5 11.1 - 4.0 3.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 19.1 7.4 26.5 445 30-34 56.4 10.0 0.0 2.4 5.0 5.5 13.5 - 2.1 4.8 0.3 0.0 100.0 36.3 7.2 43.6 428 35-39 52.2 20.1 0.0 2.3 3.3 3.3 12.2 - 2.0 4.6 0.0 0.0 100.0 41.2 6.7 47.8 470 40-44 60.4 14.6 0.4 1.3 6.4 5.9 4.1 - 0.6 5.6 0.6 0.0 100.0 32.8 6.8 39.6 298 45-49 61.8 17.6 0.0 0.6 5.5 4.8 5.1 - 1.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 33.7 4.5 38.2 299

Number of living children 0 99.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 300 1-2 76.8 3.4 0.0 0.4 2.9 2.4 5.4 - 4.6 3.9 0.0 0.1 100.0 14.6 8.6 23.2 629 3-4 50.5 12.0 0.2 2.0 4.1 7.2 16.4 - 2.6 4.6 0.5 0.0 100.0 41.8 7.7 49.5 656 4+ 49.1 20.7 0.0 2.0 7.7 4.1 9.7 - 1.7 4.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 44.3 6.6 50.9 671 27 - 28

Table RH.1: Use of contraception Percentage of women aged 15-49 years currently married who are using (or whose partner is using) a contraceptive method, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percent of women (currently married) who are using: Not Number of using Female Male Any Any Any women

ISPNA 2007-08 PUNJAB MICS Foam/ Periodic any steriliz- sterili- Pill IUD Injections Condom LAM Withdrawal Other Total modern traditional method currently jelly abstinence method ation zation method method * married

Mother's Education None 65.7 10.4 0.1 1.3 3.5 4.2 8.4 - 3.2 3.2 0.0 0.1 100.0 27.9 6.4 34.3 1,491 Primary 54.3 10.9 0.0 1.6 7.0 4.4 16.6 - 1.5 2.7 1.0 0.0 100.0 40.5 5.2 45.7 338 Middle 68.0 9.6 0.0 3.1 4.5 4.5 6.3 - 2.0 2.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 27.9 4.1 32.0 128 Secondar y 63.8 15.4 0.0 0.9 4.8 0.5 4.8 - 0.7 9.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 26.4 9.8 36.2 152 Higher 63.7 8.8 0.0 0.0 5.1 3.9 8.0 - 1.0 9.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 25.8 10.5 36.3 148

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 72.6 5.9 0.0 1.9 2.0 5.3 6.7 - 2.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 21.9 5.5 27.4 507 Second 66.8 7.9 0.2 1.8 4.1 3.7 8.4 - 4.3 2.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 26.1 7.1 33.2 604 Middle 57.3 19.6 0.0 1.0 3.3 3.9 9.2 - 2.9 2.4 0.4 0.0 100.0 37.0 5.7 42.7 522 Fourth 61.5 7.9 0.0 1.1 7.3 3.0 14.0 - 1.6 3.1 0.4 0.2 100.0 33.2 5.3 38.5 398 Highest 56.1 12.6 0.0 0.0 6.7 3.8 9.0 - 0.0 11.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 32.1 11.8 43.9 226 Table RH.1A: Contraceptive drop out 0DUULHGZRPHQDJHG²\HDUVZKRXVHGFRQWUDFHSWLRQSUHYLRXVO\EXWGRQRWFXUUHQWO\3XQMDE0,&6² Percentage of women Number Reason for discontinuing contraception ever used but are not of Number of women currently using women Want Contraceptive Woman/ No who ever used but contraceptives Religious Want a Terminated Side Total another products too husband Menopause reason/ Missing are not currently reasons son temporarily effects child expensive is ill Other using contraceptives

Punjab 4.3 83,389 11.3 35.8 9.3 1.0 3.5 7.3 6.2 7.3 9.5 8.7 100.0 3,601

District Sahiwal 3.1 2,256 9.0 44.9 3.5 - - - - 10.8 19.1 12.7 100.0 69

Tehsil Chichawatni 0.5 877 0.0 56.0 0.0 - - - - 0.0 44.0 0.0 100.0 5 Sahiwal 4.7 1,379 9.7 44.2 3.8 - - - - 11.5 17.4 13.5 100.0 65 ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE

Area of residence Rural 3.1 1,924 8.3 46.3 4.1 - - - - 9.3 17.1 14.9 100.0 60 All Urban 2.7 332 13.3 37.3 0.0 - - - - 19.0 30.4 0.0 100.0 9 Other Urban 2.7 332 13.3 37.3 0.0 - - - - 19.0 30.4 0.0 100.0 9

Number of living children 03.1300 0.0 7.8 3.5 - - - - 0.0 0.0 4.4 15.8 9 1-2 3.3 629 0.0 24.9 0.0 - - - - 0.0 2.3 0.0 27.2 20 3-4 2.8 656 3.5 3.9 0.0 - - - - 7.2 9.7 0.0 24.4 19 4+ 3.1 671 5.5 8.3 0.0 - - - - 3.5 7.1 8.3 32.7 21

Mother's Education None 3.3 1,491 4.6 45.9 0.0 - - - - 14.0 19.0 16.5 100.0 49 Primary 1.5 338 70.9 0.0 0.0 - - - - 0.0 29.1 0.0 100.0 5 Middle 1.3 128 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 Secondary 6.9 152 0.0 60.9 39.1 - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 10 Higher 2.0 148 0.0 65.5 0.0 - - - - 0.0 34.5 0.0 100.0 3

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 4.8 507 8.6 47.0 0.0 - - - - 19.4 15.5 9.4 100.0 24 Second 2.5 604 0.0 25.7 0.0 - - - - 0.0 22.8 51.5 100.0 15 Middle 2.7 522398 16.516.3 53.8 48.5 16.5 0.0 ------13.3 0.0 0.0 35.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 14 9 FourthHighest 2.3 3.1 226 0.0 46.5 0.0 - - - - 0.0 53.5 0.0 100.0 7 29 Table RH.2: Unwilling pregnancy Percentage of pregnant women aged 15-49 years currently married by desire to get pregnant, MICS Punjab, 2007-08 Wanted to get pregnant? Did not want Percentage Number of Now Later more Missing of un-willing pregnant children pregnancy women

Punjab 67.0 21.2 4.3 7.6 25.5 9,272

District Sahiwal 74.2 13.7 4.6 7.4 18.4 260

Tehsil Chichawatni 73.5 6.8 4.1 15.6 10.9 101 Sahiwal 74.7 18.2 5.0 2.2 23.2 158

Area of residence Rural 75.6 12.0 4.3 8.1 16.3 237 All Urban 60.2 31.8 8.0 0.0 39.8 23 Other Urban 60.2 31.8 8.0 0.0 39.8 23

Number of living children 0 89.0 4.0 0.0 7.0 4.0 91 1-2 76.8 18.5 0.0 4.7 18.5 101 3-4 53.2 24.0 13.3 9.4 37.3 50 4+ 42.1 7.6 31.0 19.3 38.6 17

Mother's Education None 72.0 15.2 3.8 9.0 19.0 161 Primary 69.0 11.7 13.0 6.4 24.6 25 Middle 95.3 4.7 0.0 0.0 4.7 29 Secondary 60.9 11.1 12.9 15.1 24.0 21 Higher 81.2 18.8 0.0 0.0 18.8 24

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 65.1 13.3 8.6 12.9 21.9 62 Second 80.7 13.3 0.8 5.2 14.0 94 Middle 72.5 17.2 6.9 3.4 24.1 47 Fourth 73.7 12.7 3.5 10.1 16.2 48 Highest 80.0 8.3 11.7 0.0 20.0 9

30 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table RH.3: Antenatal care 3HUVRQVSURYLGLQJDQWHQDWDOFDUHWRZRPHQDJHG²ZKRJDYHELUWKLQWKHSUHFHGLQJWZR\HDUV3XQMDE0,&6 ²

Person providing antenatal care** Number of No Any Tradit- women who antenatal skilled Medi- Nurse Lady Lady ional Other Total gave birth in Relative care perso- cal /mid- health health birth /mis- the preceding /Friend received nnel* doctor wife visitor worker atten- sing two years dant

Punjab 41.2 6.6 4.9 0.8 26.4 0.4 2.3 17.4 100.0 52.7 29,696

District Sahiwal 39.5 5.6 7.4 0.8 42.5 - 2.0 2.2 100.0 52.5 876

Tehsil Chichawatni 31.8 7.6 2.0 0.0 57.6 - 1.0 0.0 100.0 41.4 319 Sahiwal 43.9 4.5 10.6 1.2 33.8 - 2.6 3.4 100.0 58.9 557

Area of residence Rural 38.3 5.6 7.9 0.5 43.5 - 2.2 2.0 100.0 51.7 753 All Urban 46.8 6.0 4.7 2.2 36.1 - 1.0 3.2 100.0 57.6 123 Other Urban 46.8 6.0 4.7 2.2 36.1 - 1.0 3.2 100.0 57.6 123

Age 15-19 0.0 0.0 19.1 0.0 80.9 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 19.1 5 20-24 51.9 6.5 1.9 1.3 37.2 - 0.0 1.3 100.0 60.3 155 25-29 35.0 6.8 7.3 0.7 45.6 - 3.5 1.1 100.0 49.0 262 30-34 44.9 3.2 16.5 0.0 31.7 - 0.8 2.8 100.0 64.6 234 35-39 37.3 7.7 2.5 0.6 45.1 - 3.6 3.2 100.0 47.5 147 40-44 18.7 4.3 0.0 3.2 69.4 - 2.2 2.2 100.0 23.0 61 45-49 20.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.5 - 0.0 13.1 100.0 20.4 12

Mother's Education None 29.7 6.2 8.2 0.7 51.2 - 1.6 2.5 100.0 44.1 561 Primary 45.4 4.6 8.9 1.8 34.3 - 2.7 2.2 100.0 59.0 162 Middle 47.3 12.9 0.0 0.0 36.0 - 0.0 3.8 100.0 60.2 42 Secondary 73.3 2.2 7.6 0.0 14.9 - 2.0 0.0 100.0 83.1 66 Higher 83.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 - 7.2 0.0 100.0 83.9 44

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 14.8 3.5 8.1 0.0 68.5 - 1.0 4.2 100.0 26.4 202 Second 38.7 6.1 1.1 1.6 44.7 - 3.4 4.4 100.0 45.9 246 Middle 41.8 9.6 4.2 1.0 43.4 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 55.7 188 Fourth 53.2 5.0 20.9 0.5 17.0 - 3.4 0.0 100.0 79.0 182 Highest 78.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.0 - 2.1 0.0 100.0 78.9 57

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 31 Table RH.5: Assistance during delivery Percent distribution of women aged 15-49 with a birth in two years preceding the survey by type of personnel assisting at delivery, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Person assisting at delivery Number of Any Tradit- Delivered women who skilled Med- Nurse Lady Lady ional Other/ No Total in health gave birth in Relative perso- ical /mid- health health birth mis- atte- facility** preceding /friend nnel* doctor wife visitor worker atten- sing ndant two years dant

Punjab 32.8 6.0 3.8 0.6 54.5 1.0 1.0 0.4 100.0 42.6 38.3 29,696

District Sahiwal 36.0 6.5 7.2 0.4 48.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 100.0 49.8 43.8 876

Tehsil Chichawatni 31.3 7.6 2.6 0.0 58.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 41.4 34.2 319 Sahiwal 38.7 5.9 9.9 0.7 42.6 0.6 1.0 0.6 100.0 54.5 49.4 557

Area of residence Rural 34.1 6.8 7.4 0.5 49.6 0.4 0.7 0.4 100.0 48.3 43.6 753 All Urban 47.5 5.0 6.1 0.0 41.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 58.5 45.1 123 Other Urban 47.5 5.0 6.1 0.0 41.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 58.5 45.1 123

Age 15-19 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 5 20-24 49.4 6.5 1.9 1.3 39.7 0.0 0.0 1.3 100.0 57.7 53.2 155 25-29 28.4 10.9 8.0 0.0 51.4 0.6 0.7 0.0 100.0 47.3 42.7 262 30-34 42.4 3.2 15.5 0.0 37.4 0.7 0.8 0.0 100.0 61.1 50.7 234 35-39 36.2 6.5 1.2 0.0 55.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 100.0 43.9 39.1 147 40-44 16.1 2.2 2.1 3.2 74.2 0.0 0.0 2.2 100.0 20.4 18.3 61 45-49 20.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 79.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 20.4 20.4 12

Mother's Education None 27.0 5.6 7.5 0.3 58.3 0.3 0.7 0.2 100.0 40.1 33.5 561 Primary 37.3 11.3 10.0 1.2 39.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 100.0 58.6 55.5 162 Middle 39.1 12.9 0.0 0.0 44.1 3.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 52.0 44.1 42 Secondary 73.3 2.2 7.6 0.0 16.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 83.1 75.2 66 Higher 87.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 0.0 3.6 0.0 100.0 87.5 85.3 44

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 14.9 3.3 3.6 0.0 76.2 0.0 1.0 1.0 100.0 21.8 18.4 202 Second 30.2 9.9 2.5 1.6 54.0 0.6 0.7 0.5 100.0 42.5 40.0 246 Middle 37.3 9.6 4.2 0.0 48.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 51.1 41.6 188 Fourth 51.9 4.3 23.1 0.0 19.8 0.0 0.9 0.0 100.0 79.3 70.6 182 Highest 81.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 81.0 72.5 57

32 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table RH.5A: Postnatal care provider 3HUVRQVSURYLGLQJSRVWQDWDOFDUHWRZRPHQDJHG²ZKRJDYHELUWKLQWKHSUHFHGLQJWZR\HDUV3XQMDE0,&6 ²

Person providing postnatal care Number of Tradit- No Any women who Med- Nurse Lady Lady ional Other postnatal skilled gave birth in Relative Total ical /mid- health health birth /mis- care perso- the /Friend doctor wife visitor worker atten- sing received nnel* preceding dant two years

Punjab 31.7 5.6 3.6 0.7 51.8 1.0 1.6 4.0 100.0 40.9 29,696

District Sahiwal 36.1 5.9 6.7 0.4 47.3 - 0.8 2.8 100.0 48.7 876

Tehsil Chichawatni 32.7 7.1 1.6 0.0 58.6 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 41.4 319 Sahiwal 38.1 5.2 9.5 0.7 40.8 - 1.2 4.5 100.0 52.8 557

Area of residence Rural 34.3 6.0 6.8 0.5 48.2 - 0.9 3.3 100.0 47.1 753 All Urban 47.5 5.0 6.1 0.0 41.5 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 58.5 123 Other Urban 47.5 5.0 6.1 0.0 41.5 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 58.5 123

Age 15-19 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 5 20-24 50.3 4.1 1.9 1.3 39.7 - 0.0 2.7 100.0 56.4 155 25-29 28.3 10.9 7.6 0.0 51.4 - 0.7 1.2 100.0 46.8 262 30-34 42.2 3.2 13.9 0.0 34.6 - 1.4 4.6 100.0 59.3 234 35-39 36.2 5.3 1.2 0.0 53.6 - 1.1 2.7 100.0 42.7 147 40-44 16.1 2.2 2.1 3.2 71.6 - 0.0 4.8 100.0 20.4 61 45-49 20.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 79.6 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 20.4 12

Mother's Education None 26.6 4.9 7.2 0.3 56.5 - 0.9 3.5 100.0 38.7 561 Primary 38.3 10.4 8.9 1.2 39.0 - 0.0 2.2 100.0 57.6 162 Middle 39.1 12.9 0.0 0.0 44.1 - 0.0 3.9 100.0 52.0 42 Secondary 75.2 2.2 5.7 0.0 16.9 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 83.1 66 Higher 87.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 - 3.6 0.0 100.0 87.5 44

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 14.0 2.4 3.6 0.0 73.4 - 1.0 5.7 100.0 19.9 202 Second 30.2 9.0 1.6 1.6 53.6 - 1.3 2.6 100.0 40.9 246 Middle 36.5 9.6 4.2 0.0 46.0 - 0.0 3.7 100.0 50.3 188 Fourth 54.3 3.5 21.4 0.0 19.8 - 0.9 0.0 100.0 79.3 182 Highest 81.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.0 - 0.0 0.0 100.0 81.0 57

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 33 Table RH.7:RH.7: CurrentlyCrrently marriedmarried womenwomen by age Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 years by age, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Age group in years Number of married Total 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 women 15-49 years

Punjab 3.2 13.9 21.5 18.8 18.3 14.2 10.2 100.0 83,389

District Sahiwal 1.2 12.9 19.7 19.0 20.8 13.2 13.3 100.0 2,256

Tehsil Chichawatni 0.8 12.7 18.1 18.3 19.4 15.2 15.4 100.0 877 Sahiwal 1.4 13.0 20.7 19.4 21.7 12.0 11.9 100.0 1,379

Area of residence Rural 1.1 13.7 19.6 18.9 20.8 12.7 13.3 100.0 1,924 All Urban 1.6 8.4 20.4 19.5 20.8 16.3 13.0 100.0 332 Other Urban 1.6 8.4 20.4 19.5 20.8 16.3 13.0 100.0 332

Mother's Education None 1.2 12.0 17.1 18.7 21.2 15.3 14.4 100.0 1,491 Primary 0.8 14.2 25.5 22.3 14.6 11.0 11.6 100.0 338 Middle 3.5 20.8 16.8 11.4 16.0 10.6 20.9 100.0 128 Secondary 0.9 15.1 20.0 22.6 29.5 4.6 7.4 100.0 152 Higher 0.0 9.3 34.9 16.3 26.2 7.9 5.4 100.0 148

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 1.8 13.0 16.7 19.3 19.7 14.1 15.5 100.0 507 Second 1.1 13.8 20.9 18.6 18.1 14.8 12.8 100.0 604 Middle 1.5 15.0 18.4 17.0 23.3 14.0 10.7 100.0 522 Fourth 0.4 12.8 24.6 22.7 17.3 8.5 13.6 100.0 398 Highest 0.5 5.5 17.6 17.1 31.1 13.5 14.8 100.0 226

34 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.8A: Literacy rate (10 years and older) Percentage of household members aged 10 years or more who are literate, MICS Punjab, 2007- 08

Male Female Total Number of Number of Number of Literacy Literacy Literacy Household Household Household rate* rate* rate* members members members

Punjab 68.7 227,607 49.5 217,054 59.3 444,661

District Sahiwal 66.3 6,293 45.6 5,884 56.3 12,177

Tehsil Chichawatni 64.1 2,476 43.0 2,354 53.8 4,830 Sahiwal 67.7 3,816 47.3 3,530 57.9 7,347

Area of residence Rural 64.7 5,349 41.6 4,991 53.5 10,340 All Urban 75.6 943 67.7 893 71.8 1,837 Other Urban 75.6 943 67.7 893 71.8 1,837

Age 10 - 14 81.6 1,033 76.6 886 79.3 1,920 15 - 19 76.3 985 67.2 891 72.0 1,877 20 - 24 76.4 829 54.8 847 65.5 1,676 25 - 29 73.7 623 48.2 624 60.9 1,247 30 - 34 72.4 396 40.2 492 54.6 889 35 - 39 62.1 506 32.5 483 47.6 989 40 - 44 60.6 403 22.7 338 43.3 740 45 - 49 57.2 340 29.3 304 44.0 644 50 - 54 53.6 297 18.7 302 36.0 599 55 - 59 44.2 219 10.1 210 27.5 429 60 - 64 40.0 221 9.4 169 26.8 390 65 - 69 32.4 158 7.1 111 21.9 269 70 - 74 16.8 145 14.2 115 15.6 259 75 + 18.8 136 1.4 112 11.0 248

Education None 41.7 3,280 30.6 2,983 36.4 6,264 Primary 87.9 918 43.3 875 66.1 1,793 Middle 90.2 569 54.9 549 72.9 1,118 Secondary 96.4 840 65.7 752 81.9 1,593 Higher 98.6 673 82.4 710 90.3 1,383 Madrasa/NSC 76.3 5 61.7 3 70.7 8 Missing/DK 100.0 7 77.8 12 85.7 19

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 41.2 1,414 16.8 1,306 29.5 2,720 Second 59.3 1,667 32.0 1,464 46.6 3,130 Middle 72.2 1,454 50.0 1,363 61.5 2,817 Fourth 84.4 1,089 67.4 1,075 76.0 2,164 Highest 94.4 670 86.9 676 90.6 1,346

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 35 Table ED.8B: Literacy rate (15 years and older) Percentage of household members aged 15 years or more who are literate, MICS Punjab, 2007- 08

Male Female Total Number of Number of Number of Literacy Literacy Literacy Household Household Household rate* rate* rate* members members members

Punjab 66.1 189,685 44.7 182,312 55.6 371,997

District Sahiwal 63.3 5,259 40.1 4,998 52.0 10,257

Tehsil Chichawatni 61.2 2,080 37.4 1,998 49.6 4,078 Sahiwal 64.6 3,179 41.8 3,000 53.6 6,179

Area of residence Rural 61.5 4,484 35.9 4,236 49.1 8,720 All Urban 73.7 776 63.3 762 68.6 1,537 Other Urban 73.7 776 63.3 762 68.6 1,537

Age 15 - 19 76.3 985 67.2 891 72.0 1,877 20 - 24 76.4 829 54.8 847 65.5 1,676 25 - 29 73.7 623 48.2 624 60.9 1,247 30 - 34 72.4 396 40.2 492 54.6 889 35 - 39 62.1 506 32.5 483 47.6 989 40 - 44 60.6 403 22.7 338 43.3 740 45 - 49 57.2 340 29.3 304 44.0 644 50 - 54 53.6 297 18.7 302 36.0 599 55 - 59 44.2 219 10.1 210 27.5 429 60 - 64 40.0 221 9.4 169 26.8 390 65 - 69 32.4 158 7.1 111 21.9 269 70 - 74 16.8 145 14.2 115 15.6 259 75 + 18.8 136 1.4 112 11.0 248

Education None 36.1 2,741 24.4 2,526 30.5 5,267 Primary 87.4 757 37.4 743 62.7 1,499 Middle 90.4 493 46.7 453 69.5 946 Secondary 96.2 705 60.9 651 79.2 1,356 Higher 98.5 556 80.4 613 89.0 1,169 Madrasa/NSC 61.7 3 61.7 3 61.7 6 Missing/DK 100.0 4 71.4 9 80.0 13

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 37.7 1,177 11.5 1,102 25.0 2,279 Second 54.7 1,369 24.5 1,231 40.4 2,599 Middle 68.3 1,198 42.2 1,147 55.5 2,345 Fourth 83.4 964 63.1 930 73.4 1,893 Highest 93.4 552 85.6 589 89.4 1,141

36 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.8C: Literacy rate (15-24 years) Percentage of household members aged 15-24 years who are literate, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Male Female Total Number of Number of Number of Literacy Household Literacy rate Household Literacy rate Household rate members members members

Punjab 79.0 64,064 67.7 63,807 73.3 127,872

District Sahiwal 76.3 1,814 61.2 1,738 68.9 3,553

Tehsil Chichawatni 77.7 716 60.6 674 69.4 1,390 Sahiwal 75.4 1,098 61.5 1,064 68.6 2,162

Area of residence Rural 76.0 1,532 57.4 1,472 66.9 3,003 All Urban 78.2 283 82.1 267 80.1 549 Other Urban 78.2 283 82.1 267 80.1 549

Age 15 - 19 76.3 985 67.2 891 72.0 1,877 20 - 24 76.4 829 54.8 847 65.5 1,676

Education None 61.2 961 47.3 866 54.6 1,828 Primary 88.5 284 58.7 289 73.5 573 Middle 88.6 127 66.7 131 77.4 258 Secondary 95.9 233 81.0 207 88.9 440 Higher 100.0 209 93.5 240 96.5 449 Missing/DK 100.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 5

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 53.6 382 24.3 345 39.7 727 Second 70.8 484 45.6 430 59.0 914 Middle 85.1 429 70.0 415 77.7 844 Fourth 88.1 330 84.9 326 86.5 656 Highest 95.8 189 97.2 222 96.6 411

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 37 Table ED.1: Pre-schoolEarly childhood attendance education Percentage of children aged 3-4 years who are attending pre-school, MICS Punjab, 2007-08 Male Female Total Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of children aged children aged children aged Number of Number of Number of 3-4 years 3-4 years 3-4 years children aged children aged children aged currently currently currently 3-4 years 3-4 years 3-4 years attending attending attending preschool preschool preschool

Punjab 13.8 14,977 13.2 14,323 13.5 29,300

District Sahiwal 8.6 423 10.6 376 9.5 800

Tehsil Chichawatni 7.3 155 7.4 146 7.3 301 Sahiwal 9.3 268 12.6 231 10.8 499

Area of residence Rural 6.6 377 10.4 319 8.3 696 All Urban 24.5 47 11.8 57 17.5 104 Other Urban 24.5 47 11.8 57 17.5 104

Age 3 1.2 198 1.6 175 1.4 373 4 15.0 226 18.4 201 16.6 427

Education None 5.2 302 8.1 260 6.6 562 Primary 5.8 58 11.9 59 8.9 118 Middle 26.8 22 0.0 18 14.8 39 Secondary 22.8 24 23.1 18 22.9 41 Higher 34.4 17 35.3 21 34.9 39

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 4.1 125 0.0 105 2.2 230 Second 4.4 109 14.7 122 9.8 231 Middle 6.0 86 9.8 78 7.8 165 Fourth 11.0 71 20.4 40 14.4 111 Highest 41.3 32 19.7 30 31.0 62

38 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.2: Primary school entry

Percentage of children of primary school entry age attending grade 1*, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percentage of Number of Percentage of children children of Number of children children of of primary school entry primary school of primary school primary school age (5 years) currently entry age (6 years) entry age** (5 years) entry age** (6 attending grade 1* currently years) attending grade 1*

Punjab 18.9 14,684 38.4 16,234

District Sahiwal 22.1 350 44.1 464

Tehsil Chichawatni 19.6 135 52.3 187 Sahiwal 23.6 214 38.5 278

Gender Male 23.3 187 40.8 268 Female 20.7 163 48.6 196

Area of residence Rural 24.0 295 44.1 397 All Urban 11.5 55 43.8 68 Other Urban 11.5 55 43.8 68

Age of child 5 or 6 22.1 350 44.1 464

Mother's education None 19.6 245 33.1 320 Primary 16.2 50 71.7 82 Middle 54.3 18 69.8 19 Secondary 31.4 21 61.3 24 Higher 30.3 16 60.4 19

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 15.8 82 28.3 118 Second 26.0 121 44.5 119 Middle 24.8 70 43.9 105 Fourth 24.9 43 61.5 90 Highest 13.9 34 52.7 33

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 39 Table ED.3A: Primary school net attendance ratio (5-9 years) Percentage of children of primary school age (5-9 years) attending primary or secondary school (NAR), MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Male Female Total Net Net Net Number of Number of Number of attendance attendance attendance children children children ratio ratio ratio*

Punjab 54.0 39,519 51.8 37,026 52.9 76,545

District Sahiwal 61.5 1,084 61.1 1,001 61.3 2,085

Tehsil Chichawatni 64.9 419 59.6 395 62.3 814 Sahiwal 59.4 665 62.0 606 60.6 1,271

Area of residence Rural 62.1 914 60.2 873 61.2 1,786 All Urban 58.4 170 66.8 128 62.0 299 Other Urban 58.4 170 66.8 128 62.0 299

Age 5 23.3 187 21.3 163 22.4 350 6 42.1 268 50.9 196 45.8 464 7 77.6 234 69.4 240 73.5 474 8 79.1 215 71.3 202 75.4 418 9 88.1 179 83.1 199 85.5 378

Mother's education None 56.7 775 54.2 719 55.5 1,494 Primary 68.0 146 73.8 148 70.9 294 Middle 84.9 52 79.1 42 82.3 94 Secondary 80.8 69 79.3 41 80.2 110 Higher 66.6 42 90.3 52 79.7 93

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 51.7 251 41.7 264 46.5 516 Second 54.7 313 58.6 285 56.6 598 Middle 73.3 274 69.6 226 71.6 500 Fourth 68.7 163 80.6 147 74.3 310 Highest 63.8 83 74.2 79 68.9 162

40 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.3B: Primary school gross attendance ratio (5-9 years) Percentage of children of primary school age (5-9 years) attending primary or secondary school (GAR), MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Male Female Total Gross Gross Gross Number Number of Number of attendance attendance attendance of children children ratio* ratio* ratio* children

Punjab 101.6 39,519 92.5 37,026 97.2 76,545

District Sahiwal 108.9 1,084 100.5 1,001 104.8 2,085

Tehsil

Chichawatni 111.2 419 102.2 395 106.8 814 Sahiwal 107.4 665 99.4 606 103.6 1,271

Area of residence

Rural 110.6 914 98.6 873 104.7 1,786 All Urban 99.6 170 113.4 128 105.5 299 Other Urban 99.6 170 113.4 128 105.5 299

Mother's education

None 104.0 775 92.0 719 98.2 1,494 Primary 102.9 146 123.0 148 113.0 294 Middle 123.9 52 96.6 42 111.6 94 Secondary 115.6 69 108.2 41 112.8 110 Higher 120.5 42 100.5 52 109.4 93

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 95.2 251 61.6 264 78.0 516 Second 110.4 313 98.7 285 104.8 598 Middle 123.5 274 121.0 226 122.4 500 Fourth 97.2 163 142.5 147 118.7 310 Highest 118.7 83 100.3 79 109.7 162

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 41 Table ED.3C: Public and private primary school attendance rate Percentage of children age 5-9 years attending primary schools by type of school, MICS Punjab, 2007-

Attending Number Attending Attending primary Attending of public private school but Madrasa/ Total children 5- primary primary DK type of NSC 9 years school school school or type old is missing

Punjab 55.9 43.0 0.2 0.9 100.0 40,501

District Sahiwal 62.2 36.7 1.1 - 100.0 1,278

Tehsil Chichawatni 73.4 26.2 0.4 - 100.0 507 Sahiwal 54.8 43.6 1.5 - 100.0 771

Area of residence Rural 66.6 32.4 1.0 - 100.0 1,093 All Urban 36.4 62.1 1.5 - 100.0 185 Other Urban 36.4 62.1 1.5 - 100.0 185

Age 5 50.0 47.9 2.1 - 100.0 78 6 60.6 38.5 0.8 - 100.0 213 7 61.8 37.0 1.2 - 100.0 349 8 62.4 36.6 1.0 - 100.0 315 9 66.4 32.6 1.0 - 100.0 323

Mother's education None 71.6 27.1 1.3 - 100.0 830 Primary 50.8 49.2 0.0 - 100.0 208 Middle 64.4 35.6 0.0 - 100.0 78 Secondary 46.7 52.3 1.0 - 100.0 88 Higher 5.0 92.4 2.6 - 100.0 74

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 89.3 8.0 2.7 - 100.0 240 Second 76.4 23.0 0.5 - 100.0 338 Middle 57.6 42.4 0.0 - 100.0 358 Fourth 45.3 53.5 1.2 - 100.0 230 Highest 10.1 87.3 2.5 - 100.0 111

42 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.4: Middle/Secondary school net attendance ratio Percentage of children of middle/secondary school age (10-14 years) attending secondary school or higher (NAR), MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Male Female Total Net Net Net Number of Number of Number of attendance attendance attendance children children children ratio ratio ratio*

Punjab 29.6 37,922 27.8 34,743 28.7 72,665

District Sahiwal 31.3 1,033 27.8 886 29.7 1,920

Tehsil Chichawatni 28.6 396 24.7 357 26.8 753 Sahiwal 33.0 637 29.8 530 31.6 1,167

Area of residence Rural 29.3 865 24.2 755 26.9 1,620 All Urban 41.8 168 48.1 132 44.6 300 Other Urban 41.8 168 48.1 132 44.6 300

Age 10 8.9 236 4.0 198 6.7 434 11 25.9 213 17.1 113 22.9 326 12 32.4 236 31.9 208 32.2 445 13 48.9 174 37.5 190 43.0 363 14 49.3 174 45.9 177 47.6 351

Mother's education None 25.5 774 20.5 638 23.2 1,412 Primary 53.0 131 30.7 114 42.6 245 Middle 36.3 35 70.9 57 57.7 93 Secondary 42.8 44 54.1 33 47.6 77 Higher 52.2 49 53.9 41 53.0 90

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 17.1 236 13.8 205 15.6 441 Second 23.8 298 19.6 233 21.9 531 Middle 31.9 256 31.9 216 31.9 472 Fourth 53.6 125 35.6 145 43.9 271 Highest 54.2 118 59.2 87 56.3 205

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 43 Table ED.4w: Secondary school age children attending primary school Percentage of children of secondary school age (10-14 years) attending primary school, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Male Female Total Percent Percent Percent attending Number of attending Number of attending Number of primary children primary children primary children school school school

Punjab 46.3 37,922 40.4 34,743 43.4 72,665

District Sahiwal 45.5 1,033 41.5 886 43.7 1,920

Tehsil Chichawatni 46.8 396 43.2 357 45.1 753 Sahiwal 44.7 637 40.3 530 42.7 1,167

Area of residence Rural 46.8 865 41.6 755 44.4 1,620 All Urban 38.6 168 41.1 132 39.7 300 Other Urban 38.6 168 41.1 132 39.7 300

Age 10 72.5 236 70.3 198 71.5 434 11 57.2 213 57.9 113 57.4 326 12 48.5 236 39.1 208 44.1 445 13 22.8 174 25.5 190 24.2 363 14 13.1 174 18.8 177 15.9 351

Mother's education None 45.5 774 41.1 638 43.5 1,412 Primary 38.9 131 62.7 114 50.0 245 Middle 57.1 35 29.1 57 39.8 93 Secondary 54.8 44 40.6 33 48.7 77 Higher 45.7 49 10.3 41 29.7 90

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 40.6 236 27.6 205 34.6 441 Second 53.5 298 44.5 233 49.6 531 Middle 49.0 256 48.1 216 48.6 472 Fourth 34.8 125 57.7 145 47.1 271 Highest 38.7 118 22.5 87 31.8 205

44 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.7: Education gender parity Ratio of females to males attending primary education and ratio of females to males attending secondary education, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Primary Primary Gender Secondary Secondary Gender school net school net parity index school net school net parity index attendance attendance (GPI) for attendance attendance (GPI) for ratio (NAR), ratio (NAR), primary ratio (NAR), ratio (NAR), secondary females males school NAR* females males school NAR*

Punjab 51.8 54.0 0.96 27.8 29.6 0.94

District Sahiwal 61.1 61.5 0.99 27.8 31.3 0.89

Tehsil

Chichawatni 59.6 64.9 0.92 24.7 28.6 0.86 Sahiwal 62.0 59.4 1.04 29.8 33.0 0.90

Area of residence

Rural 60.2 62.1 0.97 24.2 29.3 0.83 All Urban 66.8 58.4 1.14 48.1 41.8 1.15 Other Urban 66.8 58.4 1.14 48.1 41.8 1.15

Mother's education

None 54.2 56.7 0.96 20.5 25.5 0.80 Primary 73.8 68.0 1.09 30.7 53.0 0.58 Middle 79.1 84.9 0.93 70.9 36.3 1.95 Secondary 79.3 80.8 0.98 54.1 42.8 1.26 Higher 90.3 66.6 1.36 53.9 52.2 1.03

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 41.7 51.7 0.81 13.8 17.1 0.81 Second 58.6 54.7 1.07 19.6 23.8 0.83 Middle 69.6 73.3 0.95 31.9 31.9 1.00 Fourth 80.6 68.7 1.17 35.6 53.6 0.66 Highest 74.2 63.8 1.16 59.2 54.2 1.09

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 45 Table ED.9: Physical access to primary schools, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Boys government Girls government Boys private school Girls private school Number of school school houshold 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km members km km km km

Punjab 93.0 5.3 1.7 91.4 5.9 2.7 74.7 9.6 15.7 74.0 9.8 16.2 91,075

District Sahiwal 97.5 2.3 0.2 94.5 5.1 0.4 83.5 3.2 13.3 83.7 3.1 13.2 1,509

Tehsil

Chichawatni 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 90.2 0.0 9.8 90.2 0.0 9.8 664 Sahiwal 95.7 3.9 0.4 91.1 8.2 0.7 78.1 5.8 16.1 78.3 5.6 16.0 845

Area of residence

Rural 96.6 3.1 0.3 92.3 7.1 0.6 77.2 4.8 18.1 77.5 4.6 17.9 1,150 All Urban 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 96.6 0.0 3.4 96.6 0.0 3.4 359 Other Urban 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 96.6 0.0 3.4 96.6 0.0 3.4 359

Education of household head

None 96.5 3.4 0.1 93.8 6.1 0.2 78.6 4.4 17.1 78.9 4.1 16.9 759 Primary 96.4 3.6 0.0 92.9 7.1 0.0 80.8 1.4 17.8 80.8 1.4 17.8 216 Middle 100.0 0.0 0.0 97.3 1.8 0.9 91.1 1.8 7.1 91.0 1.8 7.2 147 Secondary 99.5 0.5 0.0 95.0 4.4 0.6 89.3 3.6 7.1 89.4 3.5 7.1 224 Higher 98.7 0.0 1.3 96.5 2.1 1.4 91.9 1.5 6.7 91.9 1.5 6.7 160 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 2 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 93.0 7.0 0.0 89.4 10.6 0.0 58.5 4.3 37.2 58.9 4.3 36.8 352 Second 97.6 2.1 0.3 95.2 4.4 0.3 82.1 4.0 13.9 82.4 3.9 13.7 390 Middle 99.3 0.7 0.0 94.5 5.0 0.4 86.3 4.0 9.7 86.6 3.6 9.7 331 Fourth 100.0 0.0 0.0 97.4 2.1 0.5 94.7 2.1 3.2 94.7 2.1 3.2 230 Highest 99.0 0.0 1.0 97.9 1.0 1.0 97.4 1.0 1.5 97.4 1.0 1.5 206

46 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table ED.9B: Physical access to middle schools, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Boys government Girls government Boys private school Girls private school Girls private school Number of school school houshold <2 km 2-5 km >5 km <2 km 2-5 km >5 km <2 km 2-5 km >5 km <2 km 2-5 km >5 km members

Punjab 62.6 23.2 14.2 62.8 21.0 16.3 65.5 13.1 21.5 65.3 13.1 21.7 91,075

District Sahiwal 72.8 18.8 8.3 77.7 13.3 9.0 74.2 6.4 19.4 74.0 6.4 19.5 1,509

Tehsil

Chichawatni 81.5 18.5 0.0 82.1 11.4 6.5 78.5 5.8 15.7 78.1 5.9 16.0 664 Sahiwal 67.6 19.1 13.4 74.5 14.7 10.8 69.5 7.0 23.4 69.8 7.0 23.3 845

Area of residence

Rural 61.6 26.4 12.0 70.1 17.7 12.2 61.8 7.0 31.1 61.5 7.1 31.4 1,150 All Urban 98.7 1.3 0.0 98.7 1.3 0.0 94.7 5.3 0.0 94.7 5.3 0.0 359 Other Urban 98.7 1.3 0.0 98.7 1.3 0.0 94.7 5.3 0.0 94.7 5.3 0.0 359

Education of household head

None 66.2 24.1 9.7 72.0 17.5 10.6 64.7 9.5 25.8 64.5 9.6 26.0 759 Primary 73.7 19.7 6.6 78.5 13.9 7.6 73.8 5.6 20.6 73.8 5.6 20.6 216 Middle 77.6 15.0 7.5 82.4 9.2 8.4 85.7 2.2 12.1 85.4 2.2 12.4 147 Secondary 78.7 12.3 9.0 83.7 7.6 8.7 82.1 4.9 13.0 81.8 5.0 13.2 224 Higher 86.4 8.8 4.8 89.5 6.0 4.5 87.9 1.9 10.3 88.0 1.9 10.2 160 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 2 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 55.5 33.5 11.0 63.0 23.7 13.2 41.1 13.0 45.9 40.7 13.1 46.2 352 Second 59.6 25.5 14.9 66.8 17.1 16.1 66.0 5.0 28.9 66.0 5.0 28.9 390 Middle 70.8 20.8 8.3 78.6 14.5 6.8 78.4 4.2 17.4 77.8 4.3 17.9 331 Fourth 88.7 7.3 4.0 92.6 4.2 3.2 84.1 9.7 6.2 84.1 9.7 6.2 230 Highest 97.3 1.6 1.1 97.9 1.1 1.1 96.1 1.7 2.2 96.2 1.6 2.2 206

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 47 Table ED.9C: Physical access to secondary schools, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Boys government Girls government BoysGirls private private school school Girls private school school school Number of houshold 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km <2 km >5 km members km km km km

Punjab 50.6 23.2 26.2 46.9 21.8 31.3 56.0 13.4 30.6 56.6 13.3 30.1 91,075

District Sahiwal 56.5 23.3 20.2 53.4 19.1 27.4 52.1 14.8 33.1 52.7 14.6 32.7 1,509

Tehsil

Chichawatni 70.5 28.8 0.7 63.8 18.4 17.8 54.8 12.5 32.7 55.6 12.3 32.1 664 Sahiwal 48.9 20.3 30.8 47.9 19.6 32.6 49.6 16.9 33.5 49.9 16.8 33.3 845

Area of residence

Rural 42.7 28.3 29.0 34.3 24.7 41.1 36.5 13.2 50.3 37.5 12.9 49.6 1,150 All Urban 88.2 11.8 0.0 91.9 8.1 0.0 82.1 17.9 0.0 82.1 17.9 0.0 359 Other Urban 88.2 11.8 0.0 91.9 8.1 0.0 82.1 17.9 0.0 82.1 17.9 0.0 359

Education of household head

None 48.3 27.7 24.0 42.7 22.4 34.9 39.9 16.9 43.2 40.7 16.8 42.6 759 Primary 58.4 22.7 18.8 52.0 22.7 25.3 53.5 15.2 31.3 53.5 15.2 31.3 216 Middle 61.2 22.4 16.4 61.5 16.5 22.0 54.5 16.9 28.6 55.7 16.5 27.8 147 Secondary 63.9 19.4 16.7 63.7 16.7 19.6 63.9 13.1 23.0 64.5 13.2 22.3 224 Higher 74.2 11.4 14.4 78.4 7.2 14.4 75.5 8.2 16.4 76.1 7.3 16.5 160 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 2 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 40.6 32.3 27.2 26.0 26.4 47.6 22.2 12.7 65.2 23.3 12.6 64.2 352 Second 40.4 27.9 31.8 34.0 23.3 42.7 34.0 14.3 51.7 34.7 14.3 51.0 390 Middle 57.7 22.2 20.1 54.3 19.6 26.0 51.3 15.8 32.9 52.8 14.9 32.3 331 Fourth 70.5 18.0 11.5 73.6 17.4 9.0 61.4 24.2 14.4 61.4 24.2 14.4 230 Highest 87.2 10.7 2.1 91.8 6.2 2.1 88.0 9.1 2.9 87.9 9.2 2.9 206

48 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table CP.1: Birth registration

Percent distribution of children a ged 0-59 months b y whether birth is re gistered and reasons for non-re gistration, MICS Pun jab, 2007-08 Birth is not greistered because: Number of Don't Number of Late, children aged 0 - Birth is know if children Must Didn't know Doesn't know Costs too didn't Don't Total 59 months travel too child should where to Other registered* birth is aged 0-59much want to know without birth far be registered register registered months pay fine registration

Punjab 77.0 2.7 70,226 4.4 14.2 42.7 1.3 15.1 14.4 8.0 100.0 14,521

District Sahiwal 88.5 0.3 1,924 6.4 15.7 39.8 0.9 11.2 21.0 5.0 100.0 217

hichawatniTehsil 95.5 0.2 715 33.7 23.2 25.7 0.0 0.0 17.3 0.0 100.0 27 Sahiwa l C 84.3 0.4 1,209 2.5 14.7 41.8 1.0 12.8 21.5 5.7 100.0 190

ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Area of residence Rura l 89.2 0.3 1,658 8.2 13.9 31.0 1.2 12.6 27.2 6.0 100.0 167 llA Urban 83.9 0.4 267 0.0 22.2 69.6 0.0 6.4 0.0 1.8 100.0 49 Other Ur ban 83.9 0.4 267 0.0 22.2 69.6 0.0 6.4 0.0 1.8 100.0 49 Gender Male 88.7 0.3 998 4.6 13.6 38.7 1.7 13.1 20.3 7.8 100.0 114 Female 88.2 0.4 926 8.3 18.1 40.9 0.0 9.0 21.8 1.9 100.0 103 Age of child 0-11 mont hs 81.9 1.0 423 8.0 17.3 21.8 2.6 5.9 41.5 2.8 100.0 76 12-23 months 89.4 0.0 362 0.0 21.9 47.0 0.0 8.2 14.8 8.1 100.0 36 24-35 months 91.4 0.0 340 8.4 11.0 55.7 0.0 10.8 7.1 7.1 100.0 28 36-47 months 92.3 0.5 367 11.4 4.9 45.2 0.0 22.2 10.4 5.8 100.0 34 48-59 months 88.5 0.0 430 3.5 19.4 50.8 0.0 14.5 7.3 4.5 100.0 44 Missing/Inconsis t 100.0 0.0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Mother's education None 87.3 0.5 1,300 5.6 14.5 42.1 0.0 11.4 20.2 6.1 100.0 164 Primary 87.3 0.0 311 13.4 13.6 30.9 5.7 0.0 36.3 0.0 100.0 34 Middl e 92.7 0.0 101 0.0 29.1 30.3 0.0 40.6 0.0 0.0 100.0 9 Secondary 92.8 0.0 117 0.0 27.6 48.6 0.0 23.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 8 Higher 99.0 0.0 96 0.0 49.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.4 100.0 2 Wealth index quintiles Lowest 83.5 0.4 478 4.4 12.6 33.3 0.0 15.5 23.2 10.9 100.0 72 Second 87.5 0.3 538 9.3 22.0 43.1 3.1 10.7 8.5 3.3 100.0 64 Middl e 90.0 0.6 410 10.9 14.6 59.2 0.0 11.8 3.6 0.0 100.0 43 Fourth 91.7 0.0 360 0.0 7.2 25.1 0.0 0.0 64.9 2.7 100.0 34

49 Highest 96.8 0.0 138 0.0 52.9 20.4 0.0 26.7 0.0 0.0 100.0 4 Table CP.2: Child labour Percentage of children aged 5-14 years who are involved in child labour activities by type of work, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Working outside Household Working for Number of household chores for Total child family children aged Unpaid 28+ hours/ labour* Paid work business 5-14 years work week

Punjab 0.6 1.0 0.8 2.9 5.1 149,210

District Sahiwal 1.0 3.9 3.1 2.3 9.9 4,005

Tehsil Chichawatni 0.0 3.6 1.7 0.7 5.9 1,566 Sahiwal 1.7 4.1 4.0 3.3 12.4 2,438

Area of residence Rural 1.1 3.8 3.2 2.4 10.1 3,406 All Urban 0.8 4.5 2.3 1.8 8.7 598 Other Urban 0.8 4.5 2.3 1.8 8.7 598

Gender Male 1.7 4.0 2.4 2.9 10.5 2,117 Female 0.3 3.8 3.7 1.6 9.2 1,887

Age of child 5-11 years 0.4 5.3 2.1 2.0 9.3 2,845 12-14 years 2.7 0.4 5.3 3.2 11.2 1,160

Mother's education None 1.2 3.4 3.7 3.2 11.0 2,906 Primary 0.3 2.3 1.9 0.0 4.1 539 Middle 0.0 13.5 0.5 0.0 14.0 187 Secondary 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 186 Higher 1.4 5.7 0.6 0.0 7.8 183

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 2.8 3.1 4.7 3.8 14.1 956 Second 0.4 4.4 3.7 2.4 10.2 1,129 Middle 0.2 4.3 1.9 2.9 8.7 972 Fourth 1.0 3.8 2.3 0.2 7.4 580 Highest 0.7 3.4 0.8 0.0 5.0 367

School participation Yes 0.0 3.9 2.2 1.5 7.3 3,014 No 4.2 4.0 5.6 4.8 17.7 991

50 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table CP.3: Labourer students and student labourers Percentage of children aged 5-14 years who are labourer students and student labourers, Country, Year

Percentage of Percentage of Percentage child Number students who Number Percentage Number of of children labourers of child are also of of children in children 5-14 attending who are also labourers involved in students child labour* years of age school*** attending aged 5-14 child aged 5-14 school** labour****

Punjab 5.1 73.6 149,210 48.9 7,545 3.4 109,769

District Sahiwal 9.9 75.3 4,005 55.7 396 7.3 3,014

Tehsil Chichawatni 5.9 74.6 1,566 56.9 93 4.5 1,168 Sahiwal 12.4 75.7 2,438 55.4 303 9.1 1,846

Area of residence Rural 10.1 74.0 3,406 57.5 344 7.9 2,520 All Urban 8.7 82.6 598 44.3 52 4.6 494 Other Urban 8.7 82.6 598 44.3 52 4.6 494

Gender Male 10.5 77.9 2,117 52.8 222 7.1 1,649 Female 9.2 72.3 1,887 59.5 174 7.6 1,365

Age of child 5-11 years 9.3 77.5 2,845 68.2 266 8.2 2,206 12-14 years 11.2 69.7 1,160 30.3 130 4.9 808

Mother's education None 11.0 68.2 2,906 49.4 321 8.0 1,982 Primary 4.1 94.6 539 92.5 22 4.0 510 Middle 14.0 94.8 187 84.5 26 12.5 177 Secondary 5.0 97.3 186 100.0 9 5.2 181 Higher 7.8 89.4 183 73.8 14 6.4 164

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 14.1 52.8 956 39.6 135 10.6 505 Second 10.2 74.5 1,129 62.8 116 8.6 841 Middle 8.7 82.5 972 65.5 85 6.9 803 Fourth 7.4 92.0 580 63.6 43 5.1 533 Highest 5.0 90.5 367 66.7 18 3.7 332

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 51 52

Table CP.10: Child disability Percentage of children aged 2-9 years with disability reported by their mother or caretaker according to the type of disability, Country, Year

Percentage of children aged 2-9 years with reported disability by type of disability 3-9 years 2 years Percentage Not ISPNA 2007-08 PUNJAB MICS Have of children Number No Difficulty No speak- Number of Number of Delay in Difficulty fits, learning Appears aged 2-9 Cannot of Appears under- in walking, ing / children children sitting, seeing, become to do mentally years with Speech is name children to have standin moving cannot aged 2-9 aged 3-9 standing either in rigid, things like backward,at least one not at least aged 2 difficulty g of arms, be under- years years or the daytime lose other dull, or reported normal one years hearing instr- weakness children stood in walking or at night concious- slow disability* object uctions or stiffness his/her words ness age

Punjab 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.3 1.2 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.1 5.2 119,796 4.2 105,845 9.5 13,951

District Sahiwal 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.4 0.8 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.5 4.9 3,244 5.4 2,885 10.9 359

Tehsil Chichawatni 1.21.01.00.40.70.21.00.91.84.11,241 1.61,115 15.9 127 Sahiwal1.91.21.01.90.80.40.81.11.35.42,002 7.81,770 8.2 233

Area of residence Rural1.51.30.91.30.70.30.80.71.64.62,787 5.32,482 10.6 305 All Urban 2.20.01.61.51.10.31.33.51.37.2 456 5.6 403 12.654 Other Urban 2.20.01.61.51.10.31.33.51.37.2 456 5.6 403 12.654

Age of child 2-42.51.91.41.71.50.50.60.81.46.61,159 4.9 800 10.9 359 5-61.71.11.11.30.40.11.01.22.14.2 814 4.8 814 . 0 7-90.80.40.71.10.40.31.01.21.23.81,271 6.01,271 . 0

Mother's education None 1.61.00.71.20.80.40.71.01.54.32,297 5.32,057 9.0 241 Primary 1.40.71.90.90.30.22.21.92.26.1 464 2.8 411 20.552 Middle 0.00.03.21.80.00.01.01.01.05.0 157 17.7 134 7.623 Secondary 3.65.12.53.61.00.00.50.00.010.3 175 5.5 151 3.924 Higher 1.60.00.01.51.60.00.00.91.43.6 151 1.4 132 20.119

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 1.30.40.61.70.40.51.31.02.05.1 825 7.8 746 9.979 Second1.31.52.11.60.20.01.00.81.24.7 918 4.2 829 13.389 Middle 0.90.80.70.70.20.20.40.80.22.7 745 5.0 665 14.080 Fourth3.52.50.81.73.20.80.51.62.98.8 506 5.4 421 7.385 Highest 2.00.00.00.81.10.31.32.12.43.7 251 2.5 224 7.827 Table HA.1: Knowledge of preventing HIV transmission Percentage of women aged 15-49 years who know the main ways of preventing HIV transmission, MICS Punjab, 2007- 08

Percentage who know transmission can be prevented by: Number of women who Knows think a person Knows all at least 'RHVQ·W can do Heard of Number Safe blood Disposable three two know something to AIDS of women Safe sex transfusion syringe ways ways any way avoid AIDS

Punjab 29.5 86,148 23.0 20.9 21.7 18.0 22.2 74.7 22,470

District Sahiwal 29.3 2,345 23.0 25.1 21.6 18.4 24.6 73.2 629

Tehsil Chichawatni 22.4 912 17.5 20.7 19.0 15.3 20.5 78.6 197 Sahiwal 33.7 1,433 26.6 28.0 23.2 20.3 27.3 69.8 433

Area of residence Rural 26.3 1,992 19.2 22.4 18.1 14.6 21.7 76.6 468 All Urban 46.2 354 44.4 40.7 41.3 39.5 41.3 54.5 161 Other Urban 46.2 354 44.4 40.7 41.3 39.5 41.3 54.5 161

Age 15-19 20.9 26 20.9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 79.1 5 20-24 32.5 296 23.9 24.1 23.6 20.5 24.7 73.6 78 25-29 35.3 455 31.1 33.3 25.0 22.2 33.3 66.1 154 30-34 30.5 442 22.6 28.1 21.2 17.6 25.5 71.2 127 35-39 32.3 488 25.8 23.9 24.3 21.1 25.2 72.3 137 40-44 21.0 315 15.8 19.9 18.1 14.4 19.0 79.5 65 45-49 20.6 324 14.6 18.7 15.7 12.5 17.2 80.7 63

Education of household head None 12.4 1,554 6.7 8.8 7.0 4.5 8.5 90.5 149 Primary 44.5 348 31.9 39.4 27.2 22.2 35.3 58.9 143 Middle 50.6 134 45.5 44.6 43.4 35.8 47.0 49.4 68 Secondary 76.9 155 73.5 70.2 70.6 65.2 73.1 24.2 118 Higher 98.7 154 97.7 96.0 88.2 87.2 96.0 1.3 152

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 6.0 527 2.8 3.5 2.5 1.9 2.8 95.9 23 Second 14.6 627 9.5 12.0 9.2 5.5 12.3 87.1 81 Middle 29.4 546 21.7 24.5 21.6 17.6 24.2 73.9 142 Fourth 53.5 410 41.4 47.1 35.7 30.7 44.1 50.6 202 Highest 78.0 236 75.1 71.9 72.2 69.3 73.5 23.6 181

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 53 Table HA.5: Attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS Percentage of women aged 15-49 years who have heard of AIDS who express a discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Percent of women who: Would not If a family Believe Would not Number of care for a member that a buy food Agree with at Agree with women family had HIV teacher from a least one none of the who have member would with HIV person discriminator discriminatory heard of who was want to should not with y statement statements* AIDS sick with keep it a be allowed HIV/AIDS AIDS secret to work

Punjab 1.1 23.5 24.0 24.1 43.3 56.7 25,409

District Sahiwal 1.6 30.4 29.9 29.0 49.8 50.2 687

Tehsil Chichawatni 0.9 23.5 23.7 24.2 40.8 59.2 204 Sahiwal 2.0 33.3 32.6 31.0 53.6 46.4 483

Area of residence Rural 1.5 33.9 32.8 32.4 53.8 46.2 524 All Urban 2.1 19.1 20.7 18.0 36.9 63.1 163 Other Urban 2.1 19.1 20.7 18.0 36.9 63.1 163

Age 15-19 0.0 21.5 0.0 0.0 21.5 78.5 5 20-24 0.0 35.4 28.4 33.2 44.6 55.4 96 25-29 1.8 35.8 23.3 20.3 54.6 45.4 160 30-34 0.8 31.2 39.5 38.2 53.7 46.3 135 35-39 4.6 24.7 31.5 28.7 50.1 49.9 157 40-44 0.0 24.7 18.9 18.2 43.5 56.5 66 45-49 0.0 28.2 38.7 38.7 45.7 54.3 67

Education of household head None 3.1 35.3 42.7 45.3 62.2 37.8 193 Primary 2.1 38.1 31.1 29.9 56.1 43.9 155 Middle 0.0 22.1 16.1 19.6 34.3 65.7 68 Secondary 0.9 28.3 31.0 26.8 49.2 50.8 119 Higher 0.6 21.6 17.9 13.1 34.9 65.1 152

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 0.0 40.6 47.5 54.0 64.4 35.6 31 Second 0.0 45.9 20.3 25.6 57.1 42.9 92 Middle 1.0 28.1 30.0 29.0 53.3 46.7 160 Fourth 1.7 38.1 35.9 33.5 54.7 45.3 219 Highest 3.2 13.7 24.6 21.1 34.6 65.4 184

54 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.1: Prevalence of Cough, TB and Hepatitis Percentage of population having cough more than last three weeks, diagnosed with Tuberculosis or with Hepatitis during last one year, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Diagnosed with Diagnosed with Had cough for more Total number of Tuberculosis during Hepatitis during last than last three weeks household members last one year one year

Punjab 2.2 0.3 0.7 584,640

District Sahiwal 6.2 0.3 0.6 16,011

Tehsil Chichawatni 3.6 0.1 0.6 6,308 Sahiwal 7.9 0.4 0.5 9,702

Area of residence Rural 6.6 0.2 0.5 13,615 All Urban 3.9 0.6 0.7 2,395 Other Urban 3.9 0.6 0.7 2,395

Gender Male 5.3 0.3 0.5 8,282 Female 7.1 0.3 0.6 7,729

Education of household head None 6.3 0.5 0.6 8,273 Primary 6.6 0.3 0.3 2,357 Middle 7.6 0.0 0.3 1,639 Secondary 4.7 0.1 0.4 2,082 Higher 5.1 0.0 0.8 1,649 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 0.0 0.0 10

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 6.9 0.5 0.6 3,716 Second 6.5 0.3 0.4 4,208 Middle 5.7 0.3 0.7 3,734 Fourth 7.5 0.2 0.4 2,747 Highest 2.4 0.0 0.8 1,606

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 55 Table HC.2: Care provided by Lady Health Worker (LHW) Percentage of women reporting that a LHW visited the house during the past month, MICS Punjab, 2007-08.

Purpose of Visit Number Total Visited by For ORS, Provided of women number of Weighed DK/ LHW Vitamine and useful Other visited by women the child Missing Medicines info LHW

Punjab 50.4 86,148 54.3 11.3 59.4 14.6 1.6 43,238

District Sahiwal 83.1 2,345 51.2 11.0 69.9 8.4 0.1 1,947

Tehsil

Chichawatni 90.1 912 50.5 11.0 76.8 5.0 819 Sahiwal 78.7 1,433 51.7 10.9 64.9 10.9 0.2 1,128

Area of residence

Rural 81.9 1,992 52.2 12.5 70.8 10.1 0.1 1,630 All Urban 89.8 354 46.3 3.0 65.3 318 Other Urban 89.8 354 46.3 3.0 65.3 318

Woman education

None 82.8 1,554 51.3 10.8 70.8 8.7 0.1 1,284 Primary 85.7 348 53.7 14.5 68.5 12.3 298 Middle 78.4 134 45.3 14.1 69.4 5.2 105 Secondary 78.4 155 64.2 12.6 65.9 5.3 122 Higher 89.9 154 38.6 0.7 68.9 2.9 138

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 75.1 527 50.7 9.4 65.7 10.8 0.5 393 Second 82.4 627 55.2 10.1 73.9 7.2 517 Middle 85.5 546 51.3 11.5 76.6 8.1 467 Fourth 90.2 410 52.2 17.3 63.0 12.0 369 Highest 85.3 236 40.2 3.3 65.4 1.2 202

56 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.3: Physical access to health facility

Percent distribution of household population according to physical access to health facility, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Distance to the nearest health Type of nearest health facility facility (in minutes) Number of Within 29 30-35 household One hour Government Private Missing minutes minutes Missing members or more distance distance

Punjab 57.2 42.4 0.4 75.2 15.3 9.0 0.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 53.5 46.3 0.3 88.7 7.8 3.2 0.3 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 53.5 45.9 0.6 90.7 5.5 3.1 0.7 6,374 Sahiwal 53.4 46.5 0.1 87.3 9.4 3.2 0.1 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 51.5 48.1 0.3 87.5 8.8 3.3 0.4 13,812 All Urban 64.6 35.4 0.0 95.2 2.6 2.2 0.0 2,408 Other Urban 64.6 35.4 0.0 95.2 2.6 2.2 0.0 2,408

Education of household head

None 56.6 43.4 0.0 87.6 8.5 3.8 0.1 8,367 Primary 51.8 47.2 1.0 87.8 8.8 2.3 1.0 2,365 Middle 42.8 56.4 0.8 89.5 8.9 0.9 0.8 1,650 Secondary 55.6 44.0 0.4 91.1 5.4 3.1 0.4 2,111 Higher 48.8 51.2 0.0 91.0 5.3 3.6 0.0 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 76.3 23.7 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10 Missing/DK 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 58.1 41.8 0.2 84.2 9.6 6.0 0.3 3,724 Second 55.7 44.0 0.3 88.4 8.9 2.4 0.3 4,275 Middle 53.6 46.0 0.4 89.6 7.1 2.9 0.4 3,734 Fourth 42.6 57.1 0.4 88.6 8.4 2.6 0.4 2,839 Highest 55.9 44.1 0.0 97.5 2.0 0.6 0.0 1,648

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 57 Table HC.5: Unemployment rate

Percent distribution of population 15 years or more who are unemployed, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Total number of Unemployed and households 15 years or Employed Total seeking job more in active labour force

Punjab 93.2 6.8 100.0 163,215

District Sahiwal 92.9 7.1 100.0 4,366

Tehsil

Chichawatni 90.8 9.2 100.0 1,693 Sahiwal 94.3 5.7 100.0 2,673

Area of residence

Rural 92.8 7.2 100.0 3,695 All Urban 93.4 6.6 100.0 671 Other Urban 93.4 6.6 100.0 671

Age

15-24 78.4 21.6 100.0 1,198 23-34 96.1 3.9 100.0 1,003 35-44 99.6 0.4 100.0 920 45-54 99.3 0.7 100.0 651 55-64 99.6 0.4 100.0 387 65-74 100.0 0.0 100.0 167 75+ 100.0 0.0 100.0 41

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 94.9 5.1 100.0 1,016 Second 92.9 7.1 100.0 1,141 Middle 91.6 8.4 100.0 968 Fourth 93.3 6.7 100.0 796 Highest 90.9 9.1 100.0 445

58 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.6: Family member working outside village Percent distribution of population working outside village and place of work, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Place of work of members working outside village/ town Other Members Number of village/ working Number of Other household town or District or Province DK/ outside household village/ Other Other members district or province or or Overseas missin village/ members town district province working outside province overseas overseas g town village/ town or overseas

Punjab 11.6 592,843 21.2 26.8 11.5 38.8 1.7 68,593

District Sahiwal 11.4 16,219 17.9 41.7 8.6 30.2 1.6 1,851

Tehsil

Chichawatni 11.4 6,374 15.1 41.4 10.8 28.5 4.2 727 Sahiwal 11.4 9,845 19.7 41.9 7.1 31.3 - 1,124

Area of residence

Rural 12.1 13,812 17.8 42.6 9.2 28.6 1.8 1,664 All Urban 7.8 2,408 18.5 34.0 2.9 44.6 - 187 Other Urban 7.8 2,408 18.5 34.0 2.9 44.6 - 187

Education of household head

None 10.7 8,367 18.2 43.4 13.0 22.1 3.4 896 Primary 7.3 2,365 20.5 48.2 15.2 16.1 - 172 Middle 21.4 1,650 2.6 24.1 4.5 68.8 - 353 Secondary 10.5 2,111 44.3 34.6 - 21.1 - 221 Higher 10.5 1,687 14.9 60.6 - 24.5 - 177 Madrasa/NSC 23.7 10 - 100.0 - - - 2 Missing/DK 100.0 29 - 100.0 - - - 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 6.1 3,724 12.2 69.4 12.8 5.5 - 227 Second 11.8 4,275 21.4 56.9 12.1 9.6 - 506 Middle 12.2 3,734 29.5 31.8 11.0 21.0 6.7 454 Fourth 17.1 2,839 7.4 26.4 3.8 62.5 - 484 Highest 10.9 1,648 14.2 30.0 - 55.7 - 180

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 59 Table HC.7A: Main material of the floor Percent distribution of household according to main material of floor, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Others/ Number of No Floor Katcha floor Pacca floor Missing households

Punjab 1.9 40.6 57.4 0.1 91,075

District Sahiwal 1.1 51.8 47.1 0.0 2,476

Tehsil

Chichawatni 0.2 59.3 40.6 0.0 982 Sahiwal 1.8 46.8 51.4 0.0 1,494

Area of residence

Rural 1.4 59.6 39.1 0.0 2,077 All Urban 0.0 11.1 88.9 0.0 399 Other Urban 0.0 11.1 88.9 0.0 399

Education of household head

None 1.0 68.1 30.9 0.0 1,259 Primary 3.5 52.9 43.6 0.0 364 Middle 0.7 36.5 62.8 0.0 241 Secondary 0.6 29.9 69.5 0.0 346 Higher 0.0 14.7 85.3 0.0 262 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 3 Missing/DK 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 3.2 93.0 3.8 0.0 622 Second 1.3 75.0 23.7 0.0 654 Middle 0.0 32.4 67.6 0.0 567 Fourth 0.0 7.8 92.2 0.0 374 Highest 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 259

60 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.7B: Main material of the roof Percent distribution of household according to main material of roof, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Number of Natural Others/ Katcha roofing Pacca roofing households roofing Missing enumerated

Punjab 0.3 15.8 83.5 0.4 91,075

District Sahiwal 0.1 18.5 81.2 0.2 2,476

Tehsil

Chichawatni 0.0 18.4 81.6 0.0 982 Sahiwal 0.1 18.7 81.0 0.3 1,494

Area of residence

Rural 0.1 20.4 79.3 0.1 2,077 All Urban 0.0 8.7 91.0 0.2 399 Other Urban 0.0 8.7 91.0 0.2 399

Education of household head

None 0.0 27.3 72.4 0.3 1,259 Primary 0.6 13.7 85.7 0.0 364 Middle 0.0 11.3 88.7 0.0 241 Secondary 0.0 8.2 91.8 0.0 346 Higher 0.0 3.9 96.1 0.0 262 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 3 Missing/DK 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 0.3 50.1 49.6 0.0 622 Second 0.0 18.1 81.4 0.5 654 Middle 0.0 4.4 95.5 0.2 567 Fourth 0.0 1.2 98.8 0.0 374 Highest 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 259

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 61 62

Table HC.8A: Household utilities Percent distributionofhouseholdaccordingtomainmaterialwalls,MICSPunjab,2007-08 Proportion of household members using household utilities, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

None/ any two/ any Possessions three utilities Total ISPNA 2007-08 PUNJAB MICS number of households TV Gas Iron wave Radio Mobile utilities Internet machine Cooking Machine Stitching Washing Cabel TV Cabel or turbineor Electricity Computer More thanMore No utilitiy No Telephone Water filter Cooler/ fan three utilities three range/ micro- Donkey pump More thanMore two Fridge/ freezer conditioner Air

Punjab 92.5 26.4 40.0 63.2 20.8 15.9 71.0 8.5 4.8 40.3 6.6 48.8 86.4 6.0 72.7 80.2 3.4 54.5 3.6 93.4 88.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 93.7 13.2 26.1 61.0 11.0 12.5 66.0 6.8 4.9 29.5 4.1 37.9 86.1 3.8 64.5 80.5 1.9 65.6 3.1 94.2 88.5 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 92.6 9.5 24.9 58.0 5.7 10.2 64.5 5.4 3.7 24.6 3.0 36.8 86.7 2.0 70.1 83.3 1.9 64.8 2.3 95.0 89.3 6,374 Sahiwal 94.3 15.7 26.9 63.0 14.4 14.0 66.9 7.7 5.7 32.6 4.9 38.6 85.7 4.9 60.9 78.7 1.9 66.2 3.7 93.7 88.1 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 92.8 2.5 24.6 57.0 3.8 10.0 62.3 4.1 2.4 24.9 1.9 31.6 84.9 1.6 62.3 78.3 1.1 63.3 3.4 93.5 86.9 13,812 All Urban 98.6 74.6 34.4 84.0 52.5 27.1 87.0 22.3 19.5 55.8 16.6 74.1 93.2 16.0 77.2 93.3 6.3 78.9 1.3 98.4 97.7 2,408 Other Urban 98.6 74.6 34.4 84.0 52.5 27.1 87.0 22.3 19.5 55.8 16.6 74.1 93.2 16.0 77.2 93.3 6.3 78.9 1.3 98.4 97.7 2,408

Education of household head

None 90.6 6.5 22.0 49.6 6.1 4.7 56.1 1.4 0.7 13.9 0.4 23.6 82.5 1.2 52.3 72.8 0.9 56.3 5.1 90.9 82.8 8,367 Primary 91.8 11.2 19.5 63.9 10.5 6.1 57.4 0.2 0.2 27.3 2.3 32.0 83.1 1.8 65.8 74.8 0.8 60.8 2.4 93.9 85.8 2,365 Middle 99.0 15.4 30.3 66.3 11.6 20.6 78.0 3.1 2.5 36.8 1.4 53.9 94.9 1.4 78.3 89.1 0.0 73.5 0.8 98.6 96.7 1,650 Secondary 98.9 20.8 35.2 77.4 15.2 20.8 81.5 13.9 8.9 46.9 6.4 57.8 87.8 4.6 83.3 96.8 4.0 79.9 0.0 100.0 98.9 2,111 Higher 99.5 37.7 40.5 87.2 29.9 40.2 95.0 37.0 29.5 78.9 24.2 75.0 96.9 20.1 85.6 97.3 7.2 92.4 0.5 99.5 99.5 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 76.3 100.0 76.3 76.3 76.3 100.0 76.3 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 ##### 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 73.1 0.1 8.8 16.7 0.2 0.0 27.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 60.6 0.0 24.3 34.2 0.0 8.1 13.6 75.2 52.1 3,724 Second 99.4 0.1 17.6 51.9 2.2 0.2 56.8 0.0 0.0 3.8 0.0 7.3 87.8 0.5 55.7 86.4 0.9 61.8 0.0 99.6 98.3 4,275 Middle 100.0 2.9 25.5 77.2 5.6 5.5 78.4 1.3 0.5 22.2 0.0 47.3 95.5 0.4 80.2 97.6 0.7 94.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 3,734 Fourth 100.0 25.2 45.2 89.9 15.5 30.8 94.4 4.6 0.9 77.9 5.2 84.4 97.2 3.3 93.5 98.7 1.5 93.3 0.0 100.0 100.0 2,839 Highest 100.0 79.9 55.5 98.6 62.5 57.4 98.6 55.7 45.6 96.0 31.6 99.7 98.6 29.1 92.9 100.0 12.0 93.8 0.0 100.0 100.0 1,648 Table HC.8A: Household utilities Proportion of household members using household utilities, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

None/ any two/ any Possessions Utilities three utilities Total number of households TV Gas Iron wave Radio Mobile utilities Internet machine Cooking Machine Stitching Washing Cabel TV Cabel Electricity or turbineor Computer More thanMore Telephone No utilitiy No Water filter Cooler/ fan three utilities three range/ micro- Donkey pump More thanMore two Fridge/ freezer conditioner Air

Punjab 92.5 26.4 40.0 63.2 20.8 15.9 71.0 8.5 4.8 40.3 6.6 48.8 86.4 6.0 72.7 80.2 3.4 54.5 3.6 93.4 88.5 592,843

District Sahiwal 93.7 13.2 26.1 61.0 11.0 12.5 66.0 6.8 4.9 29.5 4.1 37.9 86.1 3.8 64.5 80.5 1.9 65.6 3.1 94.2 88.5 16,219

Tehsil ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Chichawatni 92.6 9.5 24.9 58.0 5.7 10.2 64.5 5.4 3.7 24.6 3.0 36.8 86.7 2.0 70.1 83.3 1.9 64.8 2.3 95.0 89.3 6,374 Sahiwal 94.3 15.7 26.9 63.0 14.4 14.0 66.9 7.7 5.7 32.6 4.9 38.6 85.7 4.9 60.9 78.7 1.9 66.2 3.7 93.7 88.1 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 92.8 2.5 24.6 57.0 3.8 10.0 62.3 4.1 2.4 24.9 1.9 31.6 84.9 1.6 62.3 78.3 1.1 63.3 3.4 93.5 86.9 13,812 All Urban 98.6 74.6 34.4 84.0 52.5 27.1 87.0 22.3 19.5 55.8 16.6 74.1 93.2 16.0 77.2 93.3 6.3 78.9 1.3 98.4 97.7 2,408 Other Urban 98.6 74.6 34.4 84.0 52.5 27.1 87.0 22.3 19.5 55.8 16.6 74.1 93.2 16.0 77.2 93.3 6.3 78.9 1.3 98.4 97.7 2,408

Education of household head

None 90.6 6.5 22.0 49.6 6.1 4.7 56.1 1.4 0.7 13.9 0.4 23.6 82.5 1.2 52.3 72.8 0.9 56.3 5.1 90.9 82.8 8,367 Primary 91.8 11.2 19.5 63.9 10.5 6.1 57.4 0.2 0.2 27.3 2.3 32.0 83.1 1.8 65.8 74.8 0.8 60.8 2.4 93.9 85.8 2,365 Middle 99.0 15.4 30.3 66.3 11.6 20.6 78.0 3.1 2.5 36.8 1.4 53.9 94.9 1.4 78.3 89.1 0.0 73.5 0.8 98.6 96.7 1,650 Secondary 98.9 20.8 35.2 77.4 15.2 20.8 81.5 13.9 8.9 46.9 6.4 57.8 87.8 4.6 83.3 96.8 4.0 79.9 0.0 100.0 98.9 2,111 Higher 99.5 37.7 40.5 87.2 29.9 40.2 95.0 37.0 29.5 78.9 24.2 75.0 96.9 20.1 85.6 97.3 7.2 92.4 0.5 99.5 99.5 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 76.3 100.0 76.3 76.3 76.3 100.0 76.3 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 100.0 76.3 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 ##### 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 73.1 0.1 8.8 16.7 0.2 0.0 27.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 60.6 0.0 24.3 34.2 0.0 8.1 13.6 75.2 52.1 3,724 Second 99.4 0.1 17.6 51.9 2.2 0.2 56.8 0.0 0.0 3.8 0.0 7.3 87.8 0.5 55.7 86.4 0.9 61.8 0.0 99.6 98.3 4,275 Middle 100.0 2.9 25.5 77.2 5.6 5.5 78.4 1.3 0.5 22.2 0.0 47.3 95.5 0.4 80.2 97.6 0.7 94.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 3,734 Fourth 100.0 25.2 45.2 89.9 15.5 30.8 94.4 4.6 0.9 77.9 5.2 84.4 97.2 3.3 93.5 98.7 1.5 93.3 0.0 100.0 100.0 2,839

63 Highest 100.0 79.9 55.5 98.6 62.5 57.4 98.6 55.7 45.6 96.0 31.6 99.7 98.6 29.1 92.9 100.0 12.0 93.8 0.0 100.0 100.0 1,648 Table HC.8B: Household possessions Proportion of household members having household possessions, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

None/ at least one PossessionsUtilities possession Total car or Animal number of Motorcycle No At least one Watch Bicycle other drawn- households /scooter possession possession vehicle cart

Punjab 89.0 53.9 26.9 8.9 7.6 5.6 94.4 592,843

District Sahiwal 79.1 64.4 22.5 8.9 10.8 9.1 90.9 16,219

Tehsil

Chichawatni 75.8 64.5 19.1 5.9 16.5 11.5 88.5 6,374 Sahiwal 81.3 64.4 24.7 10.9 7.0 7.6 92.4 9,845

Area of residence

Rural 78.2 67.4 20.1 7.9 12.4 9.5 90.5 13,812 All Urban 84.4 46.9 36.4 15.0 1.6 7.0 93.0 2,408 Other Urban 84.4 46.9 36.4 15.0 1.6 7.0 93.0 2,408

Education of household head

None 72.0 65.9 12.7 3.6 12.6 13.4 86.6 8,367 Primary 77.7 63.3 19.5 3.4 10.6 6.5 93.5 2,365 Middle 82.6 65.5 23.0 17.0 4.7 8.1 91.9 1,650 Secondary 92.9 60.9 31.5 15.2 14.9 2.0 98.0 2,111 Higher 95.3 63.4 63.6 27.0 3.0 1.6 98.4 1,687 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 23.7 76.3 76.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 10 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 29

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 55.2 59.4 3.3 2.1 9.2 24.0 76.0 3,724 Second 75.9 68.6 10.5 3.6 18.1 7.1 92.9 4,275 Middle 90.0 69.1 22.7 4.7 9.9 4.0 96.0 3,734 Fourth 90.5 65.2 38.7 16.9 7.5 4.5 95.5 2,839 Highest 97.1 53.0 68.7 34.1 2.7 0.1 99.9 1,648

64 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.9: House, agricultural land and livestock ownership Percent distribution of household population by ownership of house, argricultural land and livestock, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

House Ownership Own Number of Rent free/ Govt./ Own but Own Other/ agricluture household Own Rented squatter/ Subsdized mortgaged livestock Missing land members other rent or pledged

Punjab 84.2 5.2 8.6 1.5 0.1 0.5 34.2 50.9 91,075

Sahiwal 84.6 5.0 6.0 1.3 0.0 3.1 38.8 53.9 2,476

Tehsil Chichawatni 88.7 2.9 4.6 1.1 0.0 2.8 39.9 59.9 982 Sahiwal 81.9 6.4 6.9 1.4 0.0 3.4 38.1 50.0 1,494

Area of residence Rural 85.7 3.4 6.3 1.0 0.0 3.6 44.2 61.7 2,077 All Urban 78.6 13.4 4.5 2.7 0.0 0.7 10.6 13.3 399 Other Urban 78.6 13.4 4.5 2.7 0.0 0.7 10.6 13.3 399

Education of household head None 84.1 3.1 8.3 1.1 0.0 3.4 34.6 61.7 1,259 Primary 88.1 2.4 2.8 2.2 0.0 4.5 38.9 56.3 364 Middle 85.7 4.7 2.5 0.8 0.0 6.3 34.0 47.0 241 Secondary 84.2 8.2 6.1 0.5 0.0 1.0 51.7 47.5 346 Higher 81.2 14.0 2.4 2.3 0.0 0.0 46.6 28.5 262 Madrasa/NSC 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Missing/DK 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 1

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 79.9 1.1 13.2 2.0 0.0 3.9 39.8 71.8 622 Second 85.4 3.9 5.5 0.9 0.0 4.3 43.5 65.6 654 Middle 89.5 3.9 2.7 0.7 0.0 3.3 34.7 51.0 567 Fourth 84.9 9.9 2.8 0.6 0.0 1.8 38.1 36.8 374 Highest 82.4 12.9 1.7 3.0 0.0 0.0 34.3 13.0 259

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 65 Table HC.10: Household size and mean number of persons per room

Number of household members Mean Mean number of Number of Total household persons per 1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10+ households size room

Punjab 1.1 12.1 25.4 30.3 18.5 12.6 100.0 6.5 3.7 91,075

District Sahiwal 1.9 11.0 24.7 31.4 19.1 11.9 100.0 6.5 3.6 2,476

Tehsil

Chichawatni 1.9 11.7 25.7 28.4 19.2 13.1 100.0 6.5 3.5 982 Sahiwal 1.9 10.6 24.0 33.4 19.0 11.1 100.0 6.6 3.6 1,494

Area of residence

Rural 1.7 10.6 23.9 32.0 19.3 12.4 100.0 6.6 3.6 2,077 All Urban 3.0 13.1 28.9 28.1 17.9 9.1 100.0 6.0 3.5 399 Other Urban 3.0 13.1 28.9 28.1 17.9 9.1 100.0 6.0 3.5 399

Sex of household head

Male 1.3 10.2 24.2 32.1 19.8 12.3 100.0 6.7 3.6 2,322 Female 11.1 23.9 31.5 20.0 7.9 5.6 100.0 4.7 2.7 154

66 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.11A: Receiving remittance from Pakistan Percent of households that received any remittance from Pakistan during the last year and median value of remittance recieved. Punjab, 2007-08

Amount of remittances recieved from Pakistan (Rs.) Households Median Total number Total receiving 3,000 5,000 10,000 value of of households number less 20,000 Not remittances to less to less to less remittances receiving of than or spec- from than than than from remittances househol 3,000 more ified Pakistan 5,000 10,000 20,000 Pakistan from Pakistan d (Rs.)

Punjab 5.5 91,075 38.9 21.4 27.3 9.4 1.9 1.0 40,000 5,026

District Sahiwal 6.0 2,476 45.7 19.8 19.8 13.7 0.0 1.0 36,000 149

Tehsil

Chichawatni 7.6 982 48.7 23.7 19.1 8.5 0.0 0.0 36,000 75 Sahiwal 5.0 1,494 42.6 15.8 20.5 19.0 0.0 2.1 48,000 74

Area of residence

Rural 6.6 2,077 49.0 19.7 18.8 12.5 0.0 0.0 36,000 136 All Urban 3.2 399 11.0 20.0 30.2 26.8 0.0 12.0 60,000 13 Other Urban 3.2 399 11.0 20.0 30.2 26.8 0.0 12.0 60,000 13

Education of household head

None 7.0 1,259 52.1 18.6 18.4 9.2 0.0 1.8 30,000 88 Primary 5.0 364 66.6 16.6 4.0 12.8 0.0 0.0 10,530 18 Middle 6.6 241 8.9 43.9 22.4 24.8 0.0 0.0 50,590 16 Secondary 3.6 346 44.3 11.8 31.1 12.8 0.0 0.0 48,000 13 Higher 4.4 262 26.2 13.3 43.6 16.9 0.0 0.0 64,122 12 Madrasa/NSC 38.3 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 120,000 1 Missing/DK 100.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 150,000 1

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 4.8 622 67.3 17.3 15.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 15,806 30 Second 7.6 654 39.9 30.9 16.4 12.8 0.0 0.0 36,000 50 Middle 7.2 567 50.3 11.1 25.8 12.9 0.0 0.0 32,370 41 Fourth 5.3 374 31.8 16.7 10.4 33.2 0.0 7.8 48,000 20 Highest 3.4 259 15.3 11.6 47.2 25.9 0.0 0.0 98,836 9

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 67 Table HC.11B: Receiving remittance from abroad Percent of households that received any remittance from abroad during the last year and median value of remittance recieved. Punjab, 2007-08

Amount of remittances recieved from abroad (Rs.) Total number Households Median of receiving Total 3,000 5,000 10,000 value of less 20,000 Not households remittances number of to less to less to less remittances than or spec- receiving from household than than than from 3,000 more ified remittances abroad 5,000 10,000 20,000 Pakistanabroad from abroad (Rs.)

Punjab 4.1 91,075 14.2 9.1 25.1 30.3 20.4 1.0 120,000 3,702

District Sahiwal 2.8 2,476 12.4 18.3 15.2 37.3 16.8 0.0 120,000 69

Tehsil

Chichawatni 2.7 982 16.4 24.1 14.2 34.4 10.9 0.0 100,000 26 Sahiwal 2.9 1,494 10.0 14.9 15.8 39.0 20.3 0.0 140,520 43

Area of residence

Rural 2.6 2,077 13.9 21.7 15.3 35.1 14.0 0.0 100,500 54 All Urban 3.8 399 6.8 6.2 15.0 45.1 26.9 0.0 120,000 15 Other Urban 3.8 399 6.8 6.2 15.0 45.1 26.9 0.0 120,000 15

Education of household head

None 2.8 1,259 13.8 20.7 18.5 29.2 17.8 0.0 96,000 35 Primary 0.6 364 0.0 0.0 68.9 0.0 31.1 0.0 111,845 2 Middle 6.3 241 9.3 10.4 0.0 71.1 9.3 0.0 150,000 15 Secondary 2.3 346 12.9 0.0 23.2 47.5 16.4 0.0 120,000 8 Higher 3.5 262 14.8 43.2 7.6 12.0 22.2 0.0 50,000 9 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 3 ...... 0 Missing/DK 0.0 1 ...... 0

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 0.3 622 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 240,000 2 Second 1.1 654 0.0 20.8 28.7 24.3 26.2 0.0 108,816 7 Middle 2.7 567 41.1 19.3 8.9 30.8 0.0 0.0 40,000 15 Fourth 7.2 374 3.8 22.0 26.3 40.1 7.9 0.0 100,000 27 Highest 6.9 259 7.5 13.0 0.0 47.9 31.6 0.0 183,990 18

68 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.12: Cash donations Percent of households that received any cash donation during the last year and median value of zakat/donations, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Amount received Total number Households 3,000 Median Total 5,000 10,000 of households receiving less to 20,000 Not value of number of to less to less receiving cash than less or spec- zakat/ household than than zakat/ donations 3,000 than more ified donations 10,000 20,000 donations 5,000

Punjab 1.4 91,075 83.1 5.5 4.4 2.5 0.9 3.6 5,000 1,300

District Sahiwal 1.3 2,476 95.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 3,000 33

Tehsil

Chichawatni 1.6 982 89.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.4 3,000 16 Sahiwal 1.2 1,494 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,000 17

Area of residence

Rural 1.3 2,077 93.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 3,000 26 All Urban 1.7 399 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,000 7 Other Urban 1.7 399 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,000 7

Education of household head

None 2.2 1,259 93.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1 3,000 27 Primary 1.0 364 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,223 4 Middle 0.0 241 ...... 0 Secondary 0.0 346 ...... 0 Higher 0.8 262 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,705 2 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 3 ...... 0 Missing/DK 0.0 1 ...... 0

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 2.7 622 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,000 17 Second 1.6 654 84.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.5 3,000 11 Middle 0.7 567 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,420 4 Fourth 0.2 374 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12,000 1 Highest 0.3 259 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,000 1

TEHSIL-WISE RESULTS OF DISTRICT SAHIWAL 69 Table HC.13: Pension Benefits Percentage of households recieving pension by source, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

Source of pension Number of Total households Receiving number of recieving pension households Govt EOBI Other Missing pension

Punjab 6.2 91,075 91.8 1.8 0.6 5.9 5,678

District Sahiwal 4.3 2,476 93.2 - - 6.8 106

Tehsil

Chichawatni 3.1 982 94.2 - - 5.8 30 Sahiwal 5.1 1,494 92.8 - - 7.2 76

Area of residence

Rural 3.9 2,077 91.1 - - 8.9 81 All Urban 6.2 399 100.0 - - 0.0 25

Other Urban 6.2 399 100.0 - - 0.0 25

Education of household head

None 0.7 1,259 73.4 - - 26.6 9 Primary 1.9 364 75.2 - - 24.8 7 Middle 7.7 241 92.9 - - 7.1 19 Secondary 8.2 346 93.5 - - 6.5 28 Higher 16.1 262 100.0 - - 0.0 42 Madrasa/NSC 38.3 3 100.0 - - 0.0 1 Missing/DK 0.0 1 0.0 - - 0.0 0

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 0.6 622 100.0 - - 0.0 4 Second 2.2 654 78.6 - - 21.4 15 Middle 2.1 567 80.5 - - 19.5 12 Fourth 12.1 374 96.2 - - 3.8 45 Highest 11.6 259 100.0 - - 0.0 30

70 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08 Table HC.14A: Benefit from government social protection schemes Percentage of households benefiting from government social protection schemes, MICS Punjab, 2007-08 Benefits Received Number of Total benefits from Dearness Edu Edu households number of Zakat Health Education Marriage Subsidized Other Missing govt schemes of allowance subsidy - subsidy - getting households subsidy subsidy grant food social protection Books Cash benefits

Punjab 15.6 91,075 1.4 1.0 7.0 21.2 0.1 0.8 53.8 12.0 1.6 1.1 14,241

District Sahiwal 15.8 2,476 0.5 0.9 0.4 76.5 - 0.4 18.3 0.5 2.0 0.5 391

Tehsil ESLWS EUT FDSRC SAHIWAL DISTRICT OF RESULTS TEHSIL-WISE Chichawatni 16.2 982 0.5 0.0 0.4 35.8 - 0.4 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 159 Sahiwal 15.5 1,494 0.0 0.9 0.0 40.7 - 0.0 14.9 0.5 2.0 0.5 232

Area of residence Rural 16.8 2,077 0.5 1.0 0.4 78.8 - 0.5 15.4 0.6 2.3 0.6 349 All Urban 10.6 399 0.0 0.0 0.0 57.5 - 0.0 42.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 42 Other Urban 10.6 399 0.0 0.0 0.0 57.5 - 0.0 42.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 42

Education of household head None 14.9 1,259 1.0 0.9 0.0 80.6 - 0.9 13.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 187 Primary 15.7 364 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.6 - 0.0 26.1 0.0 7.2 0.0 57 Middle 22.6 241 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.5 - 0.0 23.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 54 Secondary 14.2 346 0.0 0.0 2.9 70.7 - 0.0 26.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 49 Higher 16.4 262 0.0 4.2 0.0 78.8 - 0.0 12.5 0.0 4.5 0.0 43 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Missing/DK 0.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0

Wealth index quintiles Lowest 12.5 622 0.0 2.2 0.0 66.9 - 0.0 28.1 2.9 0.0 0.0 77 Second 14.4 654 1.8 0.0 0.0 77.7 - 0.0 14.2 0.0 4.0 2.2 94 Middle 18.5 567 0.0 1.7 0.0 78.1 - 0.0 18.2 0.0 1.9 0.0 105 Fourth 21.2 374 0.0 0.0 0.0 77.6 - 2.0 17.9 0.0 2.5 0.0 79 Highest 13.5 259 0.0 0.0 4.2 86.0 - 0.0 9.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 35 71 Table HC.14B: Purchasing goods from government utility stores Percent distribution of households who are purchasing goods from government utility stores, MICS Punjab, 2007-08

How often purchase Households Considers govt utility stores as Number of goods from utility purchasing Total benefitial to a common man households stores goods from number of purchasing utility households Regu- Missin Missin goods from Rarely Yes No DK stores larly g g utility stores

Punjab 11.8 91,075 16.8 79.4 3.8 20.9 69.7 8.6 0.9 10,780

District Sahiwal 7.2 2,476 9.7 76.7 13.6 12.8 77.5 8.9 0.8 179

Tehsil

Chichawatni 5.5 982 8.7 79.4 11.9 15.9 82.8 0.7 0.6 54 Sahiwal 8.3 1,494 10.2 75.5 14.3 10.7 74.0 14.3 0.9 125

Area of residence

Rural 6.2 2,077 9.0 76.0 14.9 11.4 80.1 7.7 0.9 130 All Urban 12.4 399 11.5 78.5 10.1 20.1 64.2 15.3 0.4 49 Other Urban 12.4 399 11.5 78.5 10.1 20.1 64.2 15.3 0.4 49

Education of household head

None 4.0 1,259 8.8 84.1 7.1 10.1 78.6 10.8 0.5 51 Primary 6.7 364 4.9 87.8 7.4 13.8 75.6 8.4 2.2 24 Middle 5.7 241 12.6 63.1 24.3 14.9 78.3 6.1 0.7 14 Secondary 9.6 346 13.3 76.1 10.6 16.5 74.4 8.3 0.9 33 Higher 21.8 262 9.8 69.3 20.9 17.2 78.6 4.2 0.0 57 Madrasa/NSC 0.0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 61.7 38.3 0.0 0.0 0 Missing/DK 0.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0

Wealth index quintiles

Lowest 1.1 622 0.0 74.3 25.7 9.5 76.2 13.2 1.1 7 Second 3.3 654 0.0 91.0 9.0 8.3 79.3 11.6 0.8 22 Middle 8.3 567 12.5 57.9 29.6 12.8 81.0 5.6 0.6 47 Fourth 16.7 374 12.6 82.8 4.6 18.0 74.1 7.0 0.9 62 Highest 15.7 259 8.5 82.5 9.0 24.2 73.4 1.8 0.6 41

72 MICS PUNJAB 2007-08