PORTABLE DIMMER SYSTEMS EASY WIRING for PORTABLE PRECAUTIONS: Do Not Exceed the Dimmer Channel Or Dimmer Pack Load Capacity
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Application Note AN-50 Linkswitch-PL Family
Application Note AN-50 LinkSwitch-PL™ Family Design Guide (Flyback Topology) Introduction The LinkSwitch-PL family of highly integrated monolithic off-line may be used in both the flyback or buck-boost topologies switcher ICs enables implementation of single-stage isolated or however only the flyback is covered in this document. Support, non-isolated, power factor corrected, constant current output with a separate PIXls spreadsheet, for the buck-boost topology is drivers for LED lighting applications. Non-isolated designs are planned and will be covered in a separate application note. compatible with low cost TRIAC based dimmers and provide In addition to this application note, the reader may also find the >300:1 dimming range. The low component count simplifies Reference Design Kits (RDKs) useful. Each contains a fully meeting space constraints of LED retrofit designs (e.g. A19 and functional engineering prototype board, engineering report and candelabra lamp sizes) while the >0.9 PF, low THD and harmonic device samples. Further details on downloading PI Expert, input currents allows a single driver design to be used worldwide. obtaining an RDK, reviewing additional Design Example Reports (DERs) and updates to this document can be found at www. Scope powerint.com. This application note is intended for engineers designing an Basic Circuit Configuration isolated or non-isolated AC to DC power supply driving a A typical application schematic is shown below for a TRIAC constant current LED load. It provides step-by-step guidance on dimmable, non-isolated LED driver. Circuit blocks required for the use of the PIXls design spreadsheet, part of the PI Expert™ interface with TRIAC based phase angle control dimmers are software suite, selection of key components and optimization of labeled Passive, Active Damper, and Bleeder and can be designs especially for TRIAC based dimmers. -
Designing LED Drivers for the Challenges of Phase Cut Dimmers
ON Semiconductor Is Now To learn more about onsemi™, please visit our website at www.onsemi.com onsemi and and other names, marks, and brands are registered and/or common law trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC dba “onsemi” or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. onsemi owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of onsemi product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf. onsemi reserves the right to make changes at any time to any products or information herein, without notice. The information herein is provided “as-is” and onsemi makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the accuracy of the information, product features, availability, functionality, or suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does onsemi assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. Buyer is responsible for its products and applications using onsemi products, including compliance with all laws, regulations and safety requirements or standards, regardless of any support or applications information provided by onsemi. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in onsemi data sheets and/ or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. onsemi does not convey any license under any of its intellectual property rights nor the rights of others. -
Lighting and Electrics
Lighting and Electrics 1 1E See also: First Electric 2 P&G See also: Pin Connector 2-fer See also: Two-fer 2/0 Pronounced 2-aught; single conductor cable with wire size "2/0" on jacket; commonly used for feeder cable 2PG See also: Pin Connector 3-fer See also: Three-fer 4/0 Pronounced 4-aught; single conductor cable with wire size "4/0" on jacket; commonly used for feeder cable A Adapter Electrical accessory that transitions between dissimilar connectors; may be a molded unit, box or cable assembly Amp See also: Amperes Amperes Unit of measure for the quantity of electricity flowing in a conductor Synonym: A, Amp, Current AMX192 Analog Multiplexing protocol for transmitting control information from a console to a dimmer or other controllable device Synonym: AMX, USITT AMX192 eSET: Lighting & Electrics 2 Ante-proscenium See also: Front of House (FOH) Beam Asbestos Skirt Obsolete term See also: Flameproof Apron Automated Fixtures See also: Automated Luminaire Automated Lighting Control Console Lighting console capable of controlling automated luminaires Automated Luminaire Lighting instrument with attributes that are remotely controlled Synonym: Automated Fixture, Automated Light, Computerized Light, Intelligent Light, Motorized Light, Mover, Moving Light, More… Automated Yoke Remotely controlled pan and tilt device Synonym: Yokie B Backlight A lighting source that is behind the talent or subject from the viewers perspective Synonym: Backs, Back Wash, Bx, Hair Light, Rim Light Backs See also: Backlight Balcony Front See also: Balcony Rail -
The Principles of Dimming Leading Edge Dimming – Triac and Thyristor
The Principles Of Dimming An artificial light source such as a lamp or one or more lamps in a fitting (luminaire) will be specified for a purpose. Often this purpose will need a lot of light but may be too much at other times. This is nothing new, candle lamps used mechanical screens and oil lamps adjustable wicks. Aesthetic, artistic, mood setting, visual comfort, or energy saving are all valid reasons for changing lighting levels, or in other words dimming the lamps. Dimming an electric lamp is achieved by reducing the current and thereby the power to the lamp. Early dimmers used series resistance but this generates a lot of heat and is inefficient. All modern dimmers use semiconductor technology and digital control with typical losses of less than 2% of full load. Mains “chopping” or Phase Control The most widely used form of dimming is phase control. Phase control dimming uses a switching device to “chop” the supply such that only part of each half cycle Normal line voltage, full power for the load of the AC mains supply is applied to the load. For the remaining part the switch is open and no power is applied to the load. The amount of power to the load is therefore determined by the phase angle of the AC supply at which the switching occurs and thereby altering the ratio of off to on time from always open, no power, to allows closed, full power. The switching is synchronised to each half cycle to minimise the visual impact of momentarily turning the lamp off. -
A GLOSSARY of THEATRE TERMS © Peter D
A GLOSSARY OF THEATRE TERMS © Peter D. Lathan 1996-1999 http://www.schoolshows.demon.co.uk/resources/technical/gloss1.htm Above the title In advertisements, when the performer's name appears before the title of the show or play. Reserved for the big stars! Amplifier Sound term. A piece of equipment which ampilifies or increases the sound captured by a microphone or replayed from record, CD or tape. Each loudspeaker needs a separate amplifier. Apron In a traditional theatre, the part of the stage which projects in front of the curtain. In many theatres this can be extended, sometimes by building out over the pit (qv). Assistant Director Assists the Director (qv) by taking notes on all moves and other decisions and keeping them together in one copy of the script (the Prompt Copy (qv)). In some companies this is done by the Stage Manager (qv), because there is no assistant. Assistant Stage Manager (ASM) Another name for stage crew (usually, in the professional theatre, also an understudy for one of the minor roles who is, in turn, also understudying a major role). The lowest rung on the professional theatre ladder. Auditorium The part of the theatre in which the audience sits. Also known as the House. Backing Flat A flat (qv) which stands behind a window or door in the set (qv). Banjo Not the musical instrument! A rail along which a curtain runs. Bar An aluminium pipe suspended over the stage on which lanterns are hung. Also the place where you will find actors after the show - the stage crew will still be working! Barn Door An arrangement of four metal leaves placed in front of the lenses of certain kinds of spotlight to control the shape of the light beam. -
Entertainment Lighting Control Philosophy by Anne Valentino and Sarah Clausen, ETC Control Product Managers
White Paper Entertainment Lighting Control Philosophy by Anne Valentino and Sarah Clausen, ETC Control Product Managers Introduction Is there a new lighting control console in your future? Will you be buying – or selling – or using - such a console? How do you know which one is right for you – your team – or your customer? Beyond channel counts, DMX outputs, faders, touch screens and buttons described in most console datasheets and product comparison articles, how can you find out if a lighting control console will “feel right”? If you ask friends and colleagues, they may say “buy console x because it is easy to use” or “buy console y because it thinks like you do”. Why is one console perceived to be easier to use than another or to “think like I do”? We hope to clarify some of this by providing you with tools to truly evaluate consoles based on their core philosophies rather than things like channel counts and fader quantities. Let’s get to the bottom of why there are so many different consoles out there and why many of them enjoy a devoted following. When considering operational philosophies, there is no right or wrong; there is only different. The philosophy of a console defines its basic personality. All of the basic phi- losophies in use on lighting desks today are derived from our original task of controlling intensity. These ideas have been modified to extend to moving light and media control, but they all have strong historical precedence. It is worth- while to understand where these ideas come from, as this understanding can help you make a choice about the product that might be right for you. -
Stage Lighting Technician Handbook
The Stage Lighting Technician’s Handbook A compilation of general knowledge and tricks of the lighting trade Compiled by Freelancers in the entertainment lighting industry The Stage Lighting Technician's Handbook Stage Terminology: Learning Objectives/Outcomes. Understanding directions given in context as to where a job or piece of equipment is to be located. Applying these terms in conjunction with other disciplines to perform the work as directed. Lighting Terms: Learning Objectives/Outcome Learning the descriptive terms used in the use and handling of different types of lighting equipment. Applying these terms, as to the location and types of equipment a stagehand is expected to handle. Electrical Safety: Learning Objectives/Outcomes. Learning about the hazards, when one works with electricity. Applying basic safety ideas, to mitigate ones exposure to them in the field. Electricity: Learning Objectives/Outcomes. Learning the basic concepts of what electricity is and its components. To facilitate ones ability to perform the mathematics to compute loads, wattages and the like in order to safely assemble, determine electrical needs and solve problems. Lighting Equipment Learning Objectives/Outcomes. Recognize the different types of lighting equipment, use’s and proper handling. Gain basic trouble shooting skills to successfully complete a task. Build a basic understanding of applying these skills in the different venues that we work in to competently complete assigned tasks. On-sight Lighting Techniques Learning Objectives/Outcomes. Combing the technical knowledge previously gained to execute lighting request while on site, whether in a ballroom or theatre. Approaches, to lighting a presentation to aspects of theatrical lighting to meet a client’s expectations. -
LIGHTING CONTROL HISTORY Their Immediate Technological Predecessors
not exist if preset boards had not been LIGHTING CONTROL HISTORY their immediate technological predecessors. AND The first type of control for electrical MODERN PROGRAMMING lighting was simply a bank of switches STRATAGIES that turned the lights on and off. Not surprisingly, artists in the theatre were not entirely satisfied with the “lights up, lights Modern lighting control methods are down,” nature of switches in controlling governed by complex computer systems lighting for sensitive scenes. Not long that make it possible to operate hundreds after the use of electric lighting became of lights at one time. They also make it widespread, resistance dimmers were possible to use the many digital lights and developed so that it was possible to fade in accessories developed over the past two and out of scenes. Fading indicates that decades. Although each manufacturer has the lighting change occurs over a period of its own particular method of handling time, which is an important element in technical issues, the core technology that lighting design. The term blackout is used makes all of them work is basically the to describe what happens when all of the same. This chapter is not intended to be stage lights go out instantly. (or as fast as an exhaustive review of every OEM system the cooling filaments will allow) on the market, but rather as an overview Although blackouts are frequently used to of the basic philosophy that is used in indicate a sudden end to the action on designing digital products for the control stage, they are not appropriate for most of stage lighting. -
Compatible Dimmers for Cree® LED Bulbs Cree® LED Bulbs Are Designed to Be Dimmed with Standard Incandescent Type Dimmers
Compatible Dimmers for Cree® LED bulbs Cree® LED bulbs are designed to be dimmed with standard incandescent type dimmers. They are also compatible with most Magnetic Low Voltage (MLV) and Electronic Low Voltage (ELV) dimmers. This list was generated from lab testing of samples and your results could vary.* bulbs per dimmer Phase Cut Company Name Series Part Number Load Type Edge Dial Control Rating (W) min max Cree LED bulbs are Cooper Architectural RAI10 Incandescent Leading Rotary 1000 2 19 different. Cree LED Cooper Aspire® 9530WS Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 600 1 8 bulbs look and light like Cooper Aspire® 9532WS Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 1000 1 19 an incandescent and Cooper Aspire® 9534WS Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 600 1 8 Cooper Aspire® 9540WS Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 1000 1 19 are priced affordably. Cooper Devine® DI06P-W Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 600 1 8 Cooper Devine® DI10P Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 1000 1 19 Cooper React® RI101 Incandescent Leading Rotary 1000 1 19 Cooper Skye® SI061-W Incandescent Leading Slide 600 1 8 Cooper Skye® SI06P Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 600 1 8 www.creebulb.com Cooper Skye® SI10P Incandescent/MLV Leading Slide 1000 1 19 Cooper Skye® SLC03P LED/CFL/INC Leading Slide 600 1 8 Cooper Trace® TI061-W Incandescent Leading Toggle 600 1 8 Leviton Acenti® ACE06 ELV Trailing Button 600 1 15 Leviton Acenti® ATI06-1L Incandescent Leading Button 600 1 8 Leviton Decora® 6631-L Incandescent Leading Slide 600 2 8 Leviton Illumatech® IPE04 ELV Trailing Slide 300 1 7 Leviton Illumatech® -
Expression2x Lighting Control System Version 2.0
expression2x Lighting control system Version 2.0 expression2x Lighting control system Version 2.0 User Manual Copyright 1994-96 Electronic Theatre Controls 4031M1001 Revised May 1996 Limited Warranty Electronic Theatre Controls (ETC) warrants to the original The owner’s obligations during the warranty period under owner or retail customer that for a period of one year this warranty are to notify ETC at ETC’s address within from date of delivery of a portable system or energization one week of any suspected defect, and to return the of a permanently installed system (up to a maximum of goods prepaid to ETC at their factory or authorized ser- 18 months from delivery) its products will be free from vice center. defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service. Warranty is limited to 90 days for rental THIS WARRANTY IS CONTINGENT ON THE CUS- equipment. TOMER’S FULL AND TIMELY COMPLIANCE WITH THE TERMS OF PAYMENT SET FORTH IN THE “TERMS Warranty does not cover any product or part of a product AND CONDITIONS”. THIS WARRANTY IS EXPRESSLY subject to accident, negligence, alteration, abuse or IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES misuse or any accessories or parts not supplied by ETC. EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING THE WARRAN- Warranty does not cover “consumable” parts such as TIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PAR- fuses, lamps, color media or components warranted TICULAR PURPOSE AND OF OTHER OBLIGATIONS directly to the owner by the original manufacturer. ETC’s AND LIABILITIES ON OUR PART. THE OWNER warranty does not extend to items not manufactured by ACKNOWLEDGES THAT NO OTHER REPRESENTA- us. -
Devoted to Investigating and Research by Members of USITT: Computers and Software Patrick Michael Finelli University of South Florida, [email protected]
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Theatre and Dance Faculty Publications School of Theatre and Dance Winter 2010 The ommiC ssions: Devoted to Investigating and Research by Members of USITT: Computers and Software Patrick Michael Finelli University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/the_facpub Part of the Other Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Finelli, Patrick Michael, "The ommiC ssions: Devoted to Investigating and Research by Members of USITT: Computers and Software" (2010). Theatre and Dance Faculty Publications. Paper 2. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/the_facpub/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Theatre and Dance at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theatre and Dance Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE COMMISSIONS: DEVOTED TO INVESTIGATING AND RESEARCH BY MEMBERS OF USITT Architecture, By Raymond Kent Computers and Software, By Patrick M. Finelli Costume Design and Technology, By Peggy Rosefeldt Education, By William Kenyon Engineering, By Jerry Gorrell Health and Safety, By David C. Glowacki Lighting Design, By Richard Devin and Richard E. Dunham, Management, By Richard Peterson Scene Design, Edited by Heidi Hoffer Sound Design, By Dave Tosti-Lane A Lifelong Love/Hate Affair, By Charlie Richmond Technical Production, by Bill Browning A TIMELINE OF USITT EVENTS AND PEOPLE, 1960–2010 Published in TD&T, Vol. 46 No. 1 (Winter 10) Theatre Design & Technology, the journal for design and production professionals in the performing arts and entertainment industry, is published four times a year by United States Institute for Theatre Technology. -
Developing Theatrical Lighting Control with Arduino
Developing Theatrical Lighting Control with Arduino Heather Heimbach Adam Klein [email protected] [email protected] Alex Lin Michelle Lu [email protected] [email protected] Vivian Zhuang [email protected] Abstract technology, many issues continue to persist in the design and practical application of Ever since the 17th century, stage lighting consoles. Currently, the most lighting has proved to be an essential part of common lighting control consoles are large theatrical productions. However, small or enough in size to limit their portability and startup theatres may have difficulty cause significant inconvenience for the user. procuring quality lighting control, due to the In addition, the cost inefficiency of lighting tendency of professional control consoles to control consoles is a valid concern for many be extremely expensive and superfluous.1 In small theatre companies. Professional order to reduce the cost of stage lighting, lighting consoles readily sell for thousands and provide a simpler alternative to more of dollars, which may not be within the complex standard lighting consoles, theaters realistic budget for small businesses and should utilize Arduinos to control stage productions. In such situations, an Arduino lights. The Arduino is a cheaper and simpler could be used as an alternative lighting open-source microcontroller that can be control console for smaller productions. This programmed to communicate with other study was conducted to analyze the objects in the physical world, such as advantages and limitations of Arduino, and theatrical lights.2 This project explores the how these affect its possible place in the wide array of lighting techniques that can be theatrical lighting industry.