M. S. SWAMINATHAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2007-2008 Eighteenth Annual Report Centre for Research on Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development, Chennai
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M. S. SWAMINATHAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2007-2008 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT CENTRE FOR RESEARCH ON SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT, CHENNAI Address: M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation III Cross Road Institutional Area Taramani Chennai 600 113, India 1. Mr. Veerendra Kumar, MP, at the exhibition on the occasion of the tenth anniversary celebration of the 1 Community Agrobiodiversity Centre at Kalpetta 2. Mushroom training programme for tribal community 2 members in progress 3 3. Training Centre for tribal men and women at CAbC Kalpetta, built with generous contribution from the Front Cover Japanese Government 1. Women farmers identifying soil types at a training 1 2 programme on sustainable agriculture in Wardha 6 3 2. Fish harvested from an Integrated Mangrove-Fishery Farm 4a 5 4b 3. Sanitary Napkin Unit established at Puducherry by women SHG members Back Cover 4 (a) Natural and (b) cultured thallus of Dirinaria applanata after 73 days. 5. View of energy efficient stove construction by trained woman mason 6. Fisher Friend Mobile Application - Checking wave height and fish availability on the mobile phone while at sea Eighteenth Annual Report 2007-2008 M S Swaminathan Research Foundation Centre for Research on Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development Chennai, India M S Swaminathan Research Foundation Centre for Research on Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development Third Cross Road, Institutional Area Taramani, Chennai 600 113 India Telephone : +91 (44) 22541229 +91 (44) 22541698 Fax : +91 (44) 22541319 Email : [email protected]; [email protected] Visit us at http://www.mssrf.org Printed at : AMM Screens Citation : Eighteenth Annual Report: 2007-2008 M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai 600 113 Contents Chairman’s Introduction ............................................................ 004 Programme Area 100 Coastal Systems Research ........................................................ 017 Programme Area 200 Biodiversity .................................................................................. 039 Programme Area 300 Biotechnology.............................................................................. 060 Programme Area 400 Ecotechnology ............................................................................. 086 Programme Area 500 Food Security............................................................................... 120 Programme Area 600 Information, Education and Communication .......................... 142 Programme Area 700 Special Projects........................................................................... 167 Publications ................................................................................. 174 About the Foundation ................................................................. 194 The Foundation Staff .................................................................. 201 List of Donors .............................................................................. 214 Sources of Project Support ....................................................... 216 List of Acronyms ......................................................................... 219 ANNUAL REPORT 2007 -2008 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Chairman’s Introduction MSSRF at 20 The seed of the idea to set up an autonomous, While I was President of the World Conservation non-profit and public good research institution Union (IUCN) from 1984 to 1990, I had was sown in my mind in 1970 by Prof C V observed that scientific work on integrated Raman when he stayed with us for a couple of coastal zone management was poor and as a days at the Indian Agricultural Research consequence, precious mangrove wetlands were Institute, New Delhi, where I was then the getting degraded. I considered this particularly Director. Before leaving, Prof Raman told me unfortunate in the context of a potential rise in that when I retired I should set up an sea level as a consequence of global warming and climate change. I therefore felt that MSSRF autonomous, non-governmental research should be located in a coastal area, where research institution, which would provide young on Coastal Systems could be initiated on the lines researchers a home for creative and socially of Farming System Research (FSR). In 1989, the relevant work. An opportunity for converting Government of Karnataka, then headed by the this idea into reality came when I received the late Shri Ramkrishna Hegde, kindly offered me first World Food Prize in Washington in 1987. 5 ha of land and other facilities in the campus of The first task I undertook on my return from the University of Agricultural Sciences, Los Banos in the Philippines, where I headed Bangalore, to establish MSSRF. At the same time, the International Rice Research Institute for six the Government of Tamil Nadu headed by years, was to develop a Trust Deed to establish Dr M Karunanidhi also offered land and other a research institution devoted to imparting a pro- facilities in the Taramani Institutional Area of nature, pro-poor, pro-woman and pro- Chennai. I decided to accept the kind invitation sustainable livelihood orientation to technology of Chief Minister Dr M Karunanidhi and development and dissemination. The late establish MSSRF at Chennai, due to its location Dr Manibhai Desai, founder of the Bharatiya on the coast. Further, Tamil Nadu has over 1,000 Agro-industries Foundation (BAIF), which he km of shoreline. established at the instance of Mahatma Gandhi, The scientific work of MSSRF began in June kindly helped to prepare the deed. On his 1989, using facilities kindly provided by the suggestion, the Trust was named M S Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai. A Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), lecture I delivered at an international conference and was registered on 17 May 1988 at New Delhi, convened by the Government of Japan in Tokyo with Prof V L Chopra, Prof V K Ramachandran in September 1989 on the topic ‘Anticipatory and myself as the founder trustees. The year 2008 and Participatory Research to meet the Challenge marks the 20th anniversary of the founding of of Sea Level Rise’, led the Government of Japan MSSRF and hence, I would like to record a few to provide funds to MSSRF through the facts about its growth. International Tropical Timber Organisation 4 CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ (ITTO) to initiate a mangrove conservation chosen for this pre-eminent international prize strategy in the Asia-Pacific Region. This support in the area of environment protection. helped to organise a survey of the status of mangrove wetlands in this region in 1991, and Another significant event in early 1990 was the an International Training Programme in 1992 on organisation of the Second International mangrove ecosystem conservation and Keystone Dialogue on Plant Genetic Resources. sustainable management. At this programme The Chennai Consensus arrived at on this occasion by the participants drawn from attended by twenty candidates from twelve government, private, academic, and countries, the participants prepared a Charter for intergovernmental sectors, paved the way for Mangroves for their respective countries. MSSRF resolving issues relating to access and benefit also assisted in the establishment of an sharing, leading to the finalisation of the Global International Society for Mangrove Ecosystem Biodiversity Convention adopted at the Earth (ISME) with me as Founder-President and with Summit at Rio de Janeiro in 1992. its headquarters at Okinawa, Japan. A Mangrove Ecosystem Information Service (MEIS) was also At the national level, MSSRF prepared in 1996 started and a comprehensive international the first draft of an integrated Act to accord database on mangrove wetlands was compiled. concurrent recognition to the rights of both breeders and farmers. Thus was born the Plant The Department of Biotechnology, Government Variety Protection and Farmers’ Rights Act of of India, also extended support from 1990 2001. Similarly MSSRF contributed an early draft onwards for establishing a Mangrove Genetic of the Biodiversity Act, which provided Resource Centre at Pichavaram, Tamil Nadu, and Panchayats pride of place in the conservation and for initiating research on identification of the sustainable and equitable use of biodiversity and genes conferring tolerance to sea water in proposed the establishment of local level mangrove species, with a view to transferring Biodiversity Heritage Sites, such as Sacred them through recombinant DNA technology to Groves. Currently, MSSRF is assisting in the rice and other crops of importance to coastal development of a National Biotechnology agriculturists. Thus began the twin strategy of Regulatory Bill, which will enable the safe and MSSRF in relation to mangrove wetlands, responsible use of biotechnology, based on a namely conservation and sustainable and transparent and credible process of risk-benefit equitable use, as well as their use as donors of assessment. genes for salinity tolerance. At the same time, research was started on the integrated Over the years, MSSRF has been invited by both management of the coastal zone involving Tamil Nadu and other State Governments and attention to capture and culture fisheries as well the Government of India to prepare strategies as coastal forestry and agro-forestry. MSSRF soon for achieving specific goals such as Nutrition gained an international reputation as the “centre Secure Tamil Nadu, mitigating