2019 SUBJECT INDEX

1α hydroxylase...... 34 Delayed ...... 444 21-hydroxylase deficiency...... 41 Diabetes team...... 70 25-hydroxyvitamin D...... 220 Diabetic nephropathy...... 157 25(OH) vitamin D...... 181 Diagnosis...... 4 46,XX disorders of sex development...... 24, 196 Diastolic function...... 61 ABCC8 ...... 82 Diazoxide...... 219 Acid-labile subunit deficiency...... 432 Disorder of sexual differentiation...... 211 Adolescent...... 247 Duplication...... 306 Adolescent beliefs...... 11 8 Early...... 341 Adult height...... 234 Early menarche...... 234 AGPAT2...... 319 Echocardiography...... 61 ALPL gene...... 306 Education...... 189 AMH...... 287 Enzyme replacement therapy...... 306 insensitivity syndrome...... 24 Epicardial fat thickness...... 61 Androgen receptor gene ...... 24 Estradiol...... 388 Antithyroid drug...... 165 ...... 395 ...... 196 Etidronate...... 311 Asthma...... 270 Family conflict...... 11 8 Auto-antigen...... 55 Fat biology...... 319 Autoimmune thyroiditis...... 132 Final adult height...... 227 Berardinelli-Seip syndrome...... 319 GALNT3...... 94 Biomarker...... 157 Gene mutation...... 400 Birth weight...... 125 Generalized arterial calcification...... 311 Body cell mass...... 46, 366 Genetic testing...... 88 Bone density...... 439 Genotype...... 41 Bone turnover...... 110 GH therapy...... 253 Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome...... 419 GH1...... 426 Brain injury...... 374 Glomerular filtration rate...... 46 Cabergoline...... 150 Glucose...... 125 Cardiovascular risk...... 262 Glucose metabolism...... 350 Carotid intima media thickness...... 61 Glycated hemoglobin...... 350 Central precocious puberty...... 227 Glycemic variability...... 189 Child...... 262 Graves’ disease...... 165 Childhood...... 247 Growth...... 104 Children...... 82, 132, 150, 157, 189, 202, 350, 374, 395, 410 Growth hormone...... 426 ...... 270 Growth hormone deficiency...... 253, 329, 419 Cleidocranial dysplasia...... 301 Growth hormone therapy...... 329 Clinical management...... 400 Growth hormone treatment...... 350 Clinical phenotype...... 24 Gynecomastia...... 388 Congenital adrenal hyperplasia...... 14, 41, 61 Haemophilia...... 173 Congenital generalized lipodystrophy...... 319 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis...... 410 Congenital hyperinsulinism...... 82, 400 Hashitoxicosis...... 165 Congenital hypothyroidism...... 240 HbA1c...... 70, 358 Congenital portosystemic venous shunt syndrome ���������������207 Hyperlipidemia...... 366 Continuous glucose monitoring...... 189 Hyperparathyroidism...... 88 Cord blood...... 125 Hyperphosphatemia...... 94 CYP19A1 gene...... 196 Hypertension...... 173 CYP27B1 gene...... 34 Hyperthyroidism...... 207 Cystatin C...... 46 ...... 110, 419 Deficiency...... 220 Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism...... 444 2019 SUBJECT INDEX

Hypophosphatasia...... 306 Neonatal ...... 4 Hypophysis...... 4 Neonatal screening program...... 240 Hypothalamus...... 4 Neuron-specific enolase...... 374 IGF1/IGFBP3 molar ratio...... 253 Newborn...... 240 IGFALS gene mutation...... 432 Newborn screening...... 14 Impaired hypoglycemia awareness...... 189 NHANES...... 270 Impaired liver enzymes...... 366 Non-compliance...... 11 8 Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndrome ���������������������202 Novel mutations...... 341 Infancy...... 287 Novel variants...... 211 Infant...... 311 Nutrition...... 141 Inherited 1q deletion...... 88 Nutritional thrift...... 449 Insulin...... 125 Obesity...... 46, 76, 173, 234, 247, 262, 270 Insulin resistance...... 262, 270, 366 Onset...... 341 Insulin sensitivity...... 350 Osteoclast...... 439 Insulin treatment...... 278 ...... 439 Insulin-like growth factor type-1...... 293 ...... 110 Insulin-like growth factor type-1 receptor...... 293 Over-the-counter drugs...... 141 Intrauterine discordancy...... 293 Overweight...... 247 Isolated growth hormone deficiency...... 426 Paediatrics...... 219, 329 Jordan...... 358 Pericardial effusion...... 219 ...... 219 Perinatal form...... 306 Ketoacidosis...... 374 PHF6...... 419 KISS1R...... 444 Pituitary...... 150 Kisspeptin...... 444 Polymorphisms...... 55 KNHANES...... 234 Polyneuropathy...... 319 Left ventricular function...... 61 Postnatal growth...... 293 Left ventricular mass index...... 61 Postnatal weight gain...... 449 Leuprolide acetate...... 227 Prader-Willi syndrome...... 253 hypoplasia...... 211 Precocious puberty...... 100 LHCGR gene...... 211 Premature thelarche...... 287 Lipid...... 270 Prematurity...... 104 Lipoprotein...... 270 Prevalence...... 76 Liver...... 395 Primary IGF-1 deficiency...... 432 Macroadenomas...... 150 Primary school children...... 181 Magnesium...... 311 Prolactin...... 150 Marrow expansion...... 110 Prostaglandin I2...... 207 McCune-Albright syndrome...... 100 Pubertal progression...... 227 Meta-analysis...... 55 Puberty...... 388 Metabolic control...... 358 Pulmonary arterial hypertension...... 207 Metabolic syndrome...... 173, 262 Radioactive iodine...... 165 Microadenomas...... 150 Random ...... 227 Mini-puberty...... 287 Ratio...... 388 Mitral deceleration time...... 61 Renal injury...... 262 MMP...... 157 Resistance...... 11 8 MODY...... 82 rhGH treatment...... 419 Monitoring...... 227 Rickets...... 141 Mosaicism...... 24 Risk factors...... 247 Mutation...... 439 RUNX2...... 301 Myocardial function...... 410 S100B...... 374 Neonatal cholestasis...... 100 Scale development...... 278 2019 SUBJECT INDEX

School age children...... 76 Thyroid hormones...... 240 Sclerosis...... 439 Thyrotoxicosis...... 165 Second-tier...... 14 TIMP...... 157 Seipinopathy...... 319 Tolvaptan...... 202 Self-management...... 278 Total thyroidectomy...... 165 Serum uric acid concentration...... 262 Treatment...... 4, 311 Severe obesity...... 341 Tri-ponderal mass index...... 366 Severe short stature...... 301 Shear wave elastography...... 132 Tumoral calcinosis...... 94 Short stature...... 234, 329, 426, 432 Turkey...... 76 Signs of Y-chromosomal influence...... 88 Turner syndrome...... 88, 329, 395 Small for gestational age...... 104, 253, 293, 329, 449 Type 1 diabetes...... 55, 70, 118, 189, 278, 358 Socioeconomic status...... 358 Type 1 diabetes mellitus...... 157, 374 Speckle tracking echocardiography...... 410 Vaspin...... 125 ...... 141 Vitamin D...... 34, 220 Steroid profiling...... 14 Vitamin D deficiency...... 181 Stoss therapy...... 141 Vitamin D dependent rickets...... 34 Surgery...... 150 Vitamin D insufficiency...... 181 Telehealth...... 70 Term newborn...... 41 Vitamin D levels...... 181 ...... 388 Wheezing...... 270 Thalassemia major...... 110 X-inactivation...... 419 Thyroid...... 132 Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody...... 55