Larinae Species Tree

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Larinae: Gulls Swallow-tailed Gull, Creagrus furcatus Little Gull, Hydrocoloeus minutus Ross’s Gull, Rhodostethia rosea Black-legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla Red-legged Kittiwake, Rissa brevirostris Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea Sabine’s Gull, Xema sabini Saunders’s Gull, Saundersilarus saundersi Slender-billed Gull, Chroicocephalus genei Bonaparte’s Gull, Chroicocephalus philadelphia Black-headed Gull, Chroicocephalus ridibundus Brown-headed Gull, Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus Andean Gull, Chroicocephalus serranus Brown-hooded Gull, Chroicocephalus maculipennis Gray-hooded Gull, Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus Gray-headed Gull, Chroicocephalus poiocephalus Hartlaub’s Gull, Chroicocephalus hartlaubii Black-billed Gull, Chroicocephalus bulleri Red-billed Gull, Chroicocephalus scopulinus Silver Gull, Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae Gray Gull, Leucophaeus modestus Dolphin Gull, Leucophaeus scoresbii Laughing Gull, Leucophaeus atricilla Franklin’s Gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan Lava Gull, Leucophaeus fuliginosus Great Black-headed Gull / Pallas’s Gull, Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus Relict Gull, Ichthyaetus relictus Mediterranean Gull, Ichthyaetus melanocephalus Audouin’s Gull, Ichthyaetus audouinii White-eyed Gull, Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus Sooty Gull, Ichthyaetus hemprichii Heermann’s Gull, Larus heermanni Paciﬁc Gull, Larus paciﬁcus Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris Belcher’s Gull, Larus belcheri Olrog’s Gull, Larus atlanticus Mew Gull, Larus canus Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis Western Gull, Larus occidentalis Yellow-footed Gull, Larus livens Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus European Herring Gull, Larus argentatus Armenian Gull, Larus armenicus Yellow-legged Gull, Larus michahellis Caspian Gull, Larus cachinnans Kelp Gull, Larus dominicanus Lesser Black-backed Gull, Larus fuscus Heuglin’s Gull, Larus heuglini California Gull, Larus californicus American Herring Gull, Larus smithsonianus Glaucous-winged Gull, Larus glaucescens Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus Iceland Gull, Larus glaucoides Slaty-backed Gull, Larus schistisagus Vega Gull / East Siberian Gull, Larus vegae Mongolian Gull, Larus mongolicus Sources: Crochet et al. (2002), Gay et al. (2005), Given et al. (2005), Liebers et al. (2001, 2002, 2004), Pons et al. (2004, 2005), Sternkopf (2011)..

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First Bolivian Record of Laughing Gull Leucophaeus Atricilla, and Two Noteworthy Records of Fulica Coots from Laguna Guapilo, Dpto
Cotinga 41 First Bolivian record of Laughing Gull Leucophaeus atricilla, and two noteworthy records of Fulica coots from Laguna Guapilo, dpto. Santa Cruz Matthew L. Brady, Anna E. Hiller, Damián I. Rumiz, Nanuq L. Herzog-Hamel and Sebastian K. Herzog Received 30 November 2018; fnal revision accepted 29 April 2019 Cotinga 41 (2019): 98–100 published online 21 June 2019 El 28 de enero de 2018, durante una visita a laguna Guapilo, al este de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, depto. Santa Cruz, Bolivia, observamos una Gaviota Reidora Leucophaeus atricilla, el primer registro en Bolivia. Adicionalmente, observamos comportamiento indicativo de anidación de la Gallareta Chica Fulica leucoptera, una especie que se consideraba como visitante no reproductiva en Bolivia, así como una Gallareta Andina Fulica ardesiaca, el primer registro para el depto. Santa Cruz. La reproducción de F. leucoptera en la laguna Guapilo fue confrmada el 5 de mayo de 2018 mediante la fotografía de un polluelo. On 28 January 2018, MLB, AEH, NLH-H and We aged the bird during the observation SKH observed several notable birds at Laguna based on the following combination of characters: Guapilo (17°46’50”S 63°05’48”W), a semi-urban uniformly dark primaries, without the white apical park 8.9 km east of Santa Cruz city centre, dpto. spots typical of older birds; a dark tail-band; Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The habitat is dominated by a extensive ash-grey neck and breast; and worn, c.35-ha lagoon, with dense mats of reeds and water brownish wing-coverts. These features are typical hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes at the edges, and of an advanced frst-year L.
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Middlesex University Research Repository an Open Access Repository Of
Middlesex University Research Repository An open access repository of Middlesex University research http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk Beasley, Emily Ruth (2017) Foraging habits, population changes, and gull-human interactions in an urban population of Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus). Masters thesis, Middlesex University. [Thesis] Final accepted version (with author’s formatting) This version is available at: https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/23265/ Copyright: Middlesex University Research Repository makes the University’s research available electronically. Copyright and moral rights to this work are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners unless otherwise stated. The work is supplied on the understanding that any use for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. A copy may be downloaded for personal, non-commercial, research or study without prior permission and without charge. Works, including theses and research projects, may not be reproduced in any format or medium, or extensive quotations taken from them, or their content changed in any way, without ﬁrst obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). They may not be sold or exploited commercially in any format or medium without the prior written permission of the copyright holder(s). Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author’s name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pag- ination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Middlesex University via the following email address: [email protected] The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated.
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Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) in Eastern North America Gregory J
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of New England University of New England DUNE: DigitalUNE Environmental Studies Faculty Publications Environmental Studies Department 4-2016 Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) And Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) In Eastern North America Gregory J. Robertson Environment Canada Sheena Roul Environment Canada Karel A. Allard Environment Canada Cynthia Pekarik Environment Canada Raphael A. Lavoie Queen's University See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs Part of the Ornithology Commons Recommended Citation Robertson, Gregory J.; Roul, Sheena; Allard, Karel A.; Pekarik, Cynthia; Lavoie, Raphael A.; Ellis, Julie C.; Perlut, Noah G.; Diamond, Antony W.; Benjamin, Nikki; Ronconi, Robert A.; Gilliland, Scott .;G and Veitch, Brian G., "Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) And Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) In Eastern North America" (2016). Environmental Studies Faculty Publications. 22. http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs/22 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Environmental Studies Department at DUNE: DigitalUNE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Environmental Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DUNE: DigitalUNE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Gregory J. Robertson, Sheena Roul, Karel A. Allard, Cynthia Pekarik, Raphael A. Lavoie, Julie C. Ellis, Noah G. Perlut, Antony W. Diamond, Nikki Benjamin, Robert A. Ronconi, Scott .G Gilliland, and Brian G. Veitch This article is available at DUNE: DigitalUNE: http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs/22 Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus marinus) in Eastern North America Author(s): Gregory J.
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Sabine's Gull Large Caspian Or Birdwatchers White- Larophiles Armenian Or Headed Heuglin’S Gulls Gull?!!!!
گردآوری: حمید جبّاری اسفند 96 ﻻروفایل دیوانگان در پی کاکایی!! Sabine's Gull Large Caspian or Birdwatchers white- Larophiles Armenian or headed Heuglin’s Gulls Gull?!!!! کاکایی ارمنی تفاوت در فرم شکل و منقار کاکایی خزری کاکایی سیبری پشت سیاه کوچک ارمنی خزری کاکایی خزری کاکایی پشت سیاه کوچک کاکایی ارمنی کاکایی سیبری کاکایی پشت سیاه کوچک کاکایی پشت سیاه کوچک کاکایی خزری کاکایی ارمنی کاکایی خزری کاکایی ارمنی Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus Main ID features at rest Main ID features of adult in flight . Bill – rather short, shorter than fuscus . Wing – adults show dark grey upperparts, Gonys – medium size, but might look confusingly black on primaries usually to P5 and large at short range, and in juvenile males. Legs – from pink in 1st winter to yellow in adult mirrors on P10 only, nevertheless about . 20% of the individuals may show black up Eye – dark in most individuals, up to 10% will show to P4 and 10% will even show some black pale eye to some extend, but all pale eyed on P3. individuals will have dark spots on the iris . Same works for mirror on P9 . Size –larger than fuscus, but size can vary from 1st - 2nd winter birds show very pale very small females to very large males . upperwing, especially median coverts and Head Color – head typically very inner primaries rounded, closer to heuglini Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, adult spring, Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, adult winter Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, adult Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, adult winter Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, 1st summer birds Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, 1st winter Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, 1st summer Armenian Gull – Larus armenicus, advanced 2nd winter, second cycle Armenian Gull The bill may be already largely yellow at this age.
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First Record of a California Gull for North Carolina
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Tringa Ery-Dend Syr.P65 139 19/10/2004, 16:53
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(369) the Glaucous Gull in Winter
(369) THE GLAUCOUS GULL IN WINTER BY G. T. KAY. (Plates 40-53). SINCE the winter of 1941-42 the Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) has become a comparatively numerous winter-visitor to the Shet land Islands. At a refuse dump on the outskirts of Lerwick where it had been rare to see more than half a dozen of these birds together, it is now a common occurrence to see thirty or forty and occasion ally as many as a hundred. During the winter of 1945-46, the writer, with others interested in the project, arranged for an attempt to be made to photograph particularly Glaucous Gulls and possibly Iceland Gulls (Larus glaucoides) in the vicinity of the dump. The proposal was to use still and cine cameras from hides. It was hoped that a series of photographs might be secured which would do something towards clearing up the difficulties of dis tinguishing between these two species in the field, which have proved to be in some respects greater than used to be supposed. We were fortunate as regards the Glaucous Gull. A series of photographs and 300ft. of cine film were taken of this arctic visitor at most stages of plumage from the bird in its first winter plumage to that of the fully adult. Further photographs were added during the winter of 1946-47. Unfortunately the only Iceland Gull seen during these two winters was a dead specimen ; an immature bird in its first winter which had been captured on a fishing boat off the east side of Shetland on January 16th, 1947.
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WESTERN BIR Volume 31, Number 3, 2000 NESTING POPULATIONS OF CLwO AND RING-BI--F-r GULLS IN CALIFORNIA: RECENT SURVEYS AND HISTORICAL STATUS W. DAVID SHUFORD, Point Reyes Bird Observatory(PRBO), 4990 Shoreline Highway, StinsonBeach, California94970 THOMAS P. RYAN, San FranciscoBay Bird Observatory(SFBBO), P.O. Box 247, 1290 Hope Street,Alviso, California 95002 ABSTRACT: Statewidesurveys from 1994 to 1997 revealed33,125 to 39,678 breedingpairs of CaliforniaGulls and at least9611 to 12,660 pairsof Ring-billed Gullsin California.Gulls nested at 12 inland sitesand in San FranciscoBay. The Mono Lake colonywas by far the largestof the CaliforniaGull, holding 70% to 80% of the statepopulation, followed by SanFrancisco Bay with 11% to 14%. ButteValley WildlifeArea, Clear Lake NationalWildlife Refuge, and Honey Lake WildlifeArea were the only othersites that heldover 1000 pairsof CaliforniaGulls. In mostyears, Butte Valley, Clear Lake, Big Sage Reservoir,and Honey Lake togetherheld over 98% of the state'sbreeding Ring-billed Gulls; Goose Lake held9% in 1997. Muchof the historicalrecord of gullcolonies consists of estimatestoo roughfor assessmentof populationtrends. Nevertheless, California Gulls, at least,have increased substantially in recentdecades, driven largely by trendsat Mono Lake and San FranciscoBay (first colonizedin 1980). Irregularoccupancy of some locationsreflects the changing suitabilityof nestingsites with fluctuatingwater levels.In 1994, low water at six sites allowedcoyotes access to nestingcolonies, and resultingpredation appeared to reducenesting success greatly at threesites. Nesting islands secure from predators and humandisturbance are nestinggulls' greatest need. Conover(1983) compileddata suggestingthat breedingpopulations of Ring-billed(Larus delawarensis)and California(Larus californicus)gulls haveincreased greafiy in the Westin recentdecades. Detailed assessments of populationstatus and trends of these speciesin individualwestern states, however,have been publishedonly for Washington(Conover et al.
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"Official Gazette of RM", No. 28/04 and 37/07), the Government of the Republic of Montenegro, at Its Meeting Held on ______2007, Enacted This
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The Herring Gull Complex (Larus Argentatus - Fuscus - Cachinnans) As a Model Group for Recent Holarctic Vertebrate Radiations
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Contents Contents
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Laughing Gulls Breed Primarily Along the Pacific Coast of Mexico and the Atlantic and Caribbean Coasts from S
LAUGHING GULL Leucophaeus atricilla non-breeding visitor, regular winterer L.a. megalopterus Laughing Gulls breed primarily along the Pacific coast of Mexico and the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts from s. Canada to Venezuela, and they winter S to Peru and the Amazon delta (AOU 1998, Howell and Dunn 2007). It and Franklin's Gull were placed along with other gulls in the genus Larus until split by the AOU (2008). Vagrant Laughing Gulls have been reported in Europe (Cramp and Simmons 1983) and widely in the Pacific, from Clipperton I to Wake Atoll (Rauzon et al. 2008), Johnston Atoll (records of at least 14 individuals, 1964-2003), Palmyra, Baker, Kiribati, Pheonix, Marshall, Pitcairn, Gambier, and Samoan Is, as well as Australia/New Zealand (King 1967; Clapp and Sibley 1967; Sibley and McFarlane 1968; Pratt et al. 1987, 2010; Garrett 1987; Wragg 1994; Higgins and Davies 1996; Vanderwerf et al. 2004; Hayes et al. 2015; E 50:13 [identified as Franklin's Gull], 58:50). Another interesting record is of one photographed attending an observer rowing solo between San Francisco and Australia at 6.5° N, 155° W, about 1400 km S of Hawai'i I, 1-2 Nov 2007. They have been recorded almost annually as winter visitors to the Hawaiian Islands since the mid-1970s, numbers increasing from the NW to the SE, as would be expected of this N American species. The great majority of records involve first-year birds, and, despite the many records in the S Pacific, there is no evidence for a transient population through the Hawaiian Islands, or of individuals returning for consecutive winters after departing in spring.
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