Water and Sanitation
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Water and Sanitation Operating manual and part list for: ■ treatment and supply module ■ distribution and trucking module ■ specialized water-sanitation module ■ mass sanitation module Issue 2002 CD-Rom included in this publication All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation or adaption may be made without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. © International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Water and Sanitation Emergency Response Unit (Wat-San ERU) Index Colour Page 3 General introduction to ERUs 4 Acknowledgements Blue TS1 - TS36 Details and parts list for treatment and supply module Red DT1 - DT35 Details and parts list for distribution and trucking module Yellow SW1 – SW37 Details and parts list for specialized water and sanitation module Green MS1 - MS19 Details and parts list for mass sanitation module Last page CD-Rom / List of contents 2002 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies PO Box 372 CH-1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 4222 Telefax: +41 22 733 0395 Telex: 412 133 FRC CH E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.ifrc.org The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement Humanity The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavours, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. Its purpose is to protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. It promotes mutual understanding, friendship, cooperation and lasting peace amongst all peoples. Impartiality It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavours to relieve the suffering of individuals, being guided solely by their needs, and to give priority to the most urgent cases of distress. Neutrality In order to enjoy the confidence of all, the Movement may not take sides in hostilities or engage in controversies of a political, racial, religious or ideological nature. Independence The Movement is independent. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be able at all times to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement. Voluntary Service It is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire for gain. Unity There can be only one Red Cross or Red Crescent Society in any one country. It must be open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian work throughout its territory. Universality The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, in which all societies have equal status and share equal responsibilities and duties in helping each other, is worldwide. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies promotes the humanitarian activities of National Societies among vulnerable people. By coordinating international disaster relief and encouraging development support it seeks to prevent and alleviate human suffering. The Federation, the National Societies and the International Committee of the Red Cross together constitute the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. 37700 07/2002 E Water and Sanitation Emergency Response Unit (Wat-San ERU) Distribution and Trucking Module DT1 Wat-San ERU Distribution and Trucking Module INDEX Page No. Contents DT2. Index DT3. General description DT4. General arrangement drawing DT5. The Pumping System DT12. 5m3 Trucking Bladder Tank DT15. Lightweight Pump Set-up DT21. 10.5m3 Tank with Tapstand DT28. alternative 10m3 Bladder Tanks DT31. Main Components and Packing List DT33. Detailed Parts Lists of Each Sub-Kit DT2 Wat-San ERU Distribution and Trucking Module S Purpose To enable storage and distribution of drinking water to areas remote from the water treatment plant and provide trucking of water to these distribution points. Especially designed for those circumstances where the availability of safe drinking water is less of a problem but where the distribution of water to beneficiaries located in small remote settlements is difficult. S Capacity The module has the capacity to store and distribute 75,000 litres of drinking water per day to 9 remotely located storage points, sufficient to provide water to 5,000 beneficiaries. S Principal tasks 3 specially designed bladder/pillow tanks are used for transporting the water. They are mounted on 3 locally hired trucks (ideally 10 tonne capacity flatbed vehicles). It is anticipated that each truck will make up to 6 deliveries per day. The truck mounted bladders are filled with treated drinking water from the supply point (which may be an ERU Treatment and Supply Module) using a 2” heavy duty pump supplied with all the necessary pipework for installing a truck loading facility. 9 identical storage and supply sites are set up where required. These comprise a 10,000 litre water storage tank connected to a six outlet tapstand, gravity fed. The trucks deliver the water to the storage tanks as required, unloading their bladder tanks into the storage tanks using lightweight pumps and pipework mounted on the trucks for the purpose. This module is NOT designed to treat the water. The supply water should be checked safe for distribution prior to loading S Indicative staffing patterns The module will in most cases be deployed together with the Treatment and Supply Module so no additional staff are required. Should the module be deployed on its own, 2 general technicians would be needed. S Average weight and volume Weight: 5 metric tons Volume: 19 cu.m. DT3 Wat-San ERU Distribution and Trucking Module General Arrangement Drawing P 2” heavy duty pump Set-up at Treatment/ Supply Point to Fill Bladders pumping pipework kit 3 3 5m transport and storage 5m bladder bladder mounted on local truck 3 off per module Trucking Equipment 3 Sets P 2” lightweight pump and pipework kit carried on truck 3 off plus 1 spare per module 12m of 32mm pipe 10m3 Tapstand kit tank Distribution Equipment Red Cross T10 steel tank kit 9 Sets or 10m3 bladder tank DT4 The Pumping System This comprises:- 1 x 2” heavy-duty water pump powered by a diesel engine with spares for 2 years running. 1 x pumping pipework kit giving suction pipe, discharge pipe and bypass pipework 1 x tool kit (all tools required to set up and maintain system and pump) with fuel can and funnel with filters plus pump and engine oil. The system limitations are:- C Max. suction lift 8m C Max. pressure head: 28m C Max. flow: 700litre/minute C Pressure relief set at: 2.5 BAR Pumping Kit Suction Side From treatment system tank or water source. To tank ½” by pass 3” reinforced hose with 3” Storz at pump end Pump (2”) fitted with 3” Storz on suction side and gate valve and 3” Storz on discharge Pump has 2.5 BAR relief valve fitted on discharge side. Relief valve 3” reinforced hose with 3” Storz at pump end To truck loading point Discharge side DT5 The Heavy Duty Pump Details Swallow 5100 2” General Purpose Self-Priming Contractors Pump with Lombardini 15LD315 Diesel Engine Heavy Duty D Potable Water Supply D Solids Handling 14mm Pump Centrifugal self-priming pump in cast iron construction with integral non-return valve, semi open clog resistant impeller, carbon/ceramic mechanical seal, renewable rubber coated wearplate and screwed BSP male suction and discharge connections. Engine Lombardini 15LD315 single cylinder 4 stroke air cooled diesel engine developing 4.2 kW at a nominal 3600 rpm complete with recoil start, 4.3 litre (4 hrs. running) fuel tank, throttle control, replaceable element air, fuel and oil filters and exhaust silencer. Mounting Pump and engine are close coupled together and mounted on a fabricated steel baseplate. Note: S Alternative pumps with similar performance specifications may be used. However, they should be diesel powered. S If an alternative pump is used, check that the Pumping Tool and Oil Kit is still suitable. S Spares for 2 years service DT6 S Setting up a By-pass Setting up a By-pass Inlet line 1” gate valve ‘T’ piece ½” hose (10m min.) By-pass connection Outlet Inlet Inlet line Pump Use a by-pass in all applications where the pump may operate against a closed system The pump vent is designed to initially blow at 2.5 BAR. The by-pass gate valve should be set so that the system pressure does not exceed 2 BAR. DT7 Installation Instructions Pumping from a water source to storage 1. Pumps are supplied with foot-valves, coarse strainers and reinforced flexible suction hose. The length should be kept as short as possible in order to increase efficiency. Cut hose with a hacksaw as square as possible to aid fitting to connectors. Push the hose fully on to the connector (using pipe grease as a lubricant) and fit the clip close to the end of the hose. It is important that the washer supplied is used with female hose couplers and that PTFE tape is used to seal all threaded joints. All joints on the suction side of the pump must be completely air-tight otherwise the pump will not operate. 2. The delivery connection to the storage tank is made entirely using flexible hose. If connecting to a storage tank the inlet may be made by using the standard 3” flange connector assembly, to which the hose may be coupled directly, or, as shown here, by passing over the rim of the tank. 3. A gate valve is provided to act as a throttle if it is wished to reduce the pump yield because of insufficient inflow to the water source.