Or Dual-Degree Programs Are Conflicting Instructional and Examination Schedules, Grading Systems, Teaching and Learning Methods, and Curricula

Home , Master of Engineering

36 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 recognition from a different university located more than 6,000 miles and 13 time zones apart. fromadifferent morerecognition and13timezones apart. than 6,000miles universitylocated offerings. Dualofferings. degrees are degrees in which a U.S. and a for institutional educational higher foreign and U.S. of ding institutionsand foreign academic isexploding. U.S. involving programs dual-degree joint-and in interest truisms together and perhaps it is no surprise that academic thing is usually perceived as better than less. Add those three exposure is increasingly perceived as vital, and more of any international academic flat, worldthe made has balization to my master’s course ofstudy.” with a different and unique approach home campus, and it has provided me programs that were unavailable atand classes toaccess myme affording been has academically. It me to efit - ben invaluable of be to proven has program exchange unique of kind this in “Participating says. Bhogadi the twouniversities. der a joint-degree program between Korea University of Technology un- the from mechatronics in tificate cer a and Kansas of University the from engineering mechanical in D ics ics - wed ultimate the perhaps all, after are, programs Such Glo experience. his in alone but anything is Bhogadi opportunity, remarkable a It’s degree the receive will Bhogadi in fall 2008, that could prove a bit harder than for most. That is because he will receive each who will graduate with a degree in mechanical engineering and a certificate in mechatron- coordination program of feat final possible a disciplines, separate two in degrees joint or looms:the mad dash between dueling graduation ceremonies. But for Dileep Bhogadi, egrees of or students with or the tostudents fortitude dualearn - in number, size, andscope dual-degree programs are nternational joint- and International joint-and both thegraduate and are launching them at are launchingthemat undergraduate levels. and more institutions and more institutions By Da rapidly expanding vid T - - - surveyed andpercent21surveyed allofother institutions surveyed schools largest 50 the of percent Thirty-nine initiatives. joint-degree and dual- new in interestcontinuing clear a “Also was Stewart. interesting Debra President CGS says ment, but the volume reported in the was survey surprising,” were considered inisolation. surveyed 10 graduate schools centage jumped to 56 percent of institutions when the largest or more international higher education institutions. Thatper established collaborative graduate degree programs with one obenki “Anecdotally, we knew that there was a heavy engage - heavy a “Anecdotally,was there that knew we

cent of U.S. graduate schools had schools graduateU.S. of cent per found that 29 The time. report first the for programs dual-degree and joint- graduate-level, of lence - preva the on statistics produced report survey (CGS) Schools ate An August 2007 Council of Gradu- Current T educational exchangeeducational programs. exposure well beyond more limited gramsoffer levela of international single degree. Either way, such pro- a award to collaborateinstitutions two which in arrangements are independent Joint degrees. degrees concurrent, grant institution eign rends

- -

S uccess Degrees of Success had plans to establish new collaborative graduate degree programs with one or more international higher education institutions in the next two years. So the numbers are strong and they will grow stronger.” “Everyone is running around shopping for partners to set up these programs—this is a top-of- the-radar issue in higher education, especially at the graduate level, and there, especially among master’s programs,” says John Godfrey, assistant dean for international graduate education at the University of Michigan’s Rackham Graduate School in Ann Arbor. Stewart says that such growth reflects several factors: “Technology is allowing us to do things that we couldn’t in the past since, among other things, research materials are available online. Secondly, students are coming to us at the graduate level who are already global citizens and, as such, they expect to use that technology to be connected to the rest of the world because they themselves are already connected. And, third, there is a competitive driver among graduate programs to create an ability to understand how their discipline is unfolding in different sectors of the world.” The CGS study found that business and engineering are the most prevalent forms of collaborative programs at the master’s level, with 44 percent of institutions with such programs offering collaborative business programs with international partners, and 35 percent offering collaborative engineering programs. The study also found the European institutions were the most likely partners for U.S. universities in such programs, with 39 percent of those U.S. institutions with collaborative programs offering them with European partners, followed by 24 percent with institutional partners in the People’s Republic of China, and 14 percent with partners in India. Stewart says a second CGS study planned for release in August 2008 will allow the body to chart year-to-year growth in joint- and dual-degree programs for the first time.

istockphoto 37 38 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 programs availableprograms to more thanstudents.” just afew more in the works. We’re interested in being aggressive and making six or five with programs, joint-degree and dual- nine in enrolled students 300 and 250 between have we whereas programs, these Tech) in Atlanta. “Many haveschools just a of handful students in ternational initiatives at InstituteGeorgia of Technology (Georgia in- for provost vice scale,” is McLaughlin, unusual Steven us says makes “What programs. dual-degree joint-and Universities. American of Association the at officer relations federal senior programs,” Scott, degree Amy says believe that a number of our universities have dual- onesuch area.” be andthis will ofareas a variety “WeColleges. just hired a person to collect data in Grant Land and Universities State of Association president of international programs at the National commission’s vice agenda,”Bolognese, Kerry says creasing concern to us and part of our international greaterwithvigor. being tracked the are offerings the pace of new program creation is increasing and though here too it appears, at least anecdotally, that torrid, less somewhat to be appears graduatelevel way station before they themselves are replaced with more com- more with replaced are themselves they before station way a saymaythatbe programs such even Some partners. educational international between relationships important bind to hoped ties savvy.business which is designed to help tech-oriented students gain international ceive a master’s degree from each institution through the program, Management (IAE) in Aix-en-Provence, France. Participants will re- gree program with the Université Paul Cézanne Graduate School of dual-de- management innovation global of master one-year new a of Management of School Graduate Jenkins NCSU’s by launch R in State UniversityCarolina (NCSU) cellor atNorth researchfor Terri dean Lomax, of the graduate school and associate vice chan - that,”to responding are says schools state the of all so readiness, global increasing was report the fromrecommendations major the of one and state the in tour listeningyear-long a did System cement institutions. broad alliances between aggressivegramsbe can attempts respondtoglobalizationto and accomplish a variety of Atobjectives. the university level, such pro- to students and educators allow programs dual-degree Joint-and Benefits at Many L aleigh. Some schools now offer a wide variety of of variety wide a offer now schools Some I but issue this on study a “AAUdone not has in- of issue an are programs of types “These In some cases, dualandjointsome hostcases, degreesofIn are onlya oneof 2008 fall the is call that to response the of part that says She “Our general administration for the North Carolina University The levelof interest and offerings at the under evels - volume reported inthe survey was surprising,” that there was aheavy “Anecdotally, we knew engagement, butthe says CGS President Debra S tewart. on their graduation thesis to complete the requirement for a separate ments of UM and receive a UM degree, they return to SJTU to work require- completestudentsdegree the all after Underprogram, the director of international programs at the UM College of Engineering. ciplines from UM and SJTU for qualified students, says Amy Conger, a sequential pair of undergraduate degrees in similar engineering dis from Chinahere alreadythat itdidn’t add that much value.” dual-degree program to be redundant, as we have so many students and Engineering, Math] education to China. We found the master’s Technology, [Science, STEM U.S.-style bringing of goal the with education, undergraduate is JI the of focus The exchanges. cation - edu engineering these institutionalize and expand to created was (JI) InstituteJoint new a 2005, in Also, students. Chinese from est a with a dual university Chinese not degree has matched the inter anotherwas Reciprocity issue: so far, interest from UM students in great. so is China in demand the when manageable size program the and close communication between the College of Engineering and step, every at faculty and leadership senior both from mitment com- and input required has initiative this Developing intensive. labor truly is scale this of partnership a build to needed nication Wein 2007. “It forof reasons. lots ended that the learned commu- andpedagogy.” practicesoperational to curriculum culture of higher education in China—this includes from everything relationships and an understanding of the politics, economics, and this program. The College of Engineering developed closepersonal in degrees dual earned students 35 than More SJTU. at earning were they degree the complementedthat engineering operations ter’s of science degree in mechanical engineering or industrial and students came to Michigan for a year and a summer to earn a mas The new Shanghai-based Joint Institute and UM now jointly offer Godfrey says, however, that the program was allowed to expireto however,allowed says, was that program the Godfrey R ackham Graduate School. Challenges included keeping the keeping included Challenges School. Graduate ackham coursework, and some transfer credits, SJTU SJTU credits, transfer some and coursework, this Withfaculty. Michigan by taught courses were able to earn UM credits in Shanghai through master’sstudents SJTU 2002. in established was of Michigan’s involvement inChina. and is now a central connections, element personal of development the and exchangevisits many with a leading Chinese university. This relationship began durablein anchora with UM provide toSJTU, and at education engineering expand help to been has 2000,”says Godfrey. “The goal of this relationship since Tong(SJTU) Jiao University Shanghai with relationship important an had has Engineering of institution tellsnese such says atale, Godfrey. between the University of Michigan and one Chi- relationship the of evolution The institutions. plex forms of interaction between U.S. and foreign “To pilot this venture, a dual-degree program program “Todual-degree venture,a this pilot College (UM)] Michigan of [University “The - - -

MAY+JUNE.08 International Educator 39 You’ve seen it, now come and experience it For Studying Abroad & Short Programmes In addition to expanding global exposure, joint- and dual- students,For such programs offer a particularlyform intensive dean of the graduate school at Michigan Technological University, University, Technological Michigan school at graduate deanthe of Upper remote state’s the in Houghton of town small the in located Peninsula. “They arereally good students.It also brings- interna nearly location, our Despite community. our to perspectives tional international.” are students of our graduate 40 percent degree programs can also help increase diversity among U.S. students as well, says Michael McCracken, assistant dean at the recruitinggood a “It’s GeorgiaTech: the at Computing of College the but conservative,very be to tends school Our women. for tool women are more adventurous in terms of participating in dual- degree programs.” and research both in many when time a at exposure international of in the working world will be withcollaborating colleagues abroad. dual With degrees, they arrive in the work force with two degree and time the of fraction a for arsenal their in weapons specialty or - interna in experience cost, would programs such pursuing money another in participant full a as functioning and collaboration tional occasion- and dual, addition, In skills. language often, and, country, ally joint, degrees can sometimes help students obtain access to country. foreign programs in the and other licensing national - - NMMU US Study Center

Tel: +27 (0) 41 504 2161 • Fax: +27 (0) 41 504 2771 ional e-mail: [email protected] • www:nmmu.ac.za/internat Your one stop study centre Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) is proud to introduce a specialized Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) States University students. Study Centre to meet the many needs of United quality Study Abroad experience contact: For more information on how to obtain a high academic

Georgia Tech’s McLaughlin says the university’s many joint- and and joint- many university’s the says McLaughlin Tech’s Georgia At the department level, such programs can deliver a steady re- their in interested are who students get faculty the helps “This

2boyz 2boyz [advertising tute and another year in Ann Arbor to get a bachelor’s degree from yearbachelor’s a get Arbor Ann in another and to tute degreeSJTU from UM in engineeringand a master’s specialties. dual-degree programs paid have rich dividends. “This has had a sig- into years Fifteen reputation. global Tech’s Georgia on impact nificant France in degrees got benefits. who Those the see to starting we’re it, Georgiaas well as France, in institutions top from were elsewhere and and companies their at positions leadership to on gone They’ve Tech. part Europe.” for of our alumni network building in government. It’s technical areas,hard-to-fill in engineer as such students of supply both.assistants, or research students, as science, computer and ing involve that programs one-way be to tend programs these of Many little export of students.U.S. They can also supplement program- holesmatic in academictheir offerings, in particularforeign when dollars support neglected an area of research States. United in the Huntoon, Jacqueline says research,” do to well-trained are and search SJTU degree. Under consideration, she says, is a second collaborative second a is says, she consideration, Under SJTUdegree. a offer jointly would they which under UM and betweenJI program qualified for program study undergraduate and graduate sequential Insti Joint the at years four spend would who students, international 40 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 reaucracy reaucracy processing large volumes of students according to standard students.” for were the important CYCU policy from ournormal exceptions Those issues. calendar academic over control no had since theexemptedfee student’s semester themtheper from$100 we bachelor’s and their finish to semesters two them allowed we CYCU, renegotiationswith recent our of part As students. CYCU semester, each payfee eithera tuition or burden for financial the a a policy that requires students to remain continuously enrolled and quirements for the master’s. Thiscaused problems because we have re- completed they which in semester same the bachelor’s within clash of academic Sometimes calendars. they couldn’t finish up the a bachelor’sThere’sthere.their sometimes and here, ter’sdegree circumstances bythe presented collaborative programs: programs often require tweaks to programs to accommodate special joint-degree and dual- thatHuntoonsaysmilitary. the enter dents until the final bachelor’scredits are awarded, at which time the stu- degree master’sthe Techaward Michigan cannot as schools, two complete until they agraduate degree.” service military short of completing their bachelor’s, and it allows them to postpone credit one students take to is do to us allows agreement our What problem if they finished their degree atCYCUbefore coming here. finish their bachelor’s degree they enter the military,so it wouldbe a agreement had to allow this because in their country when students theirbachelor’srolledin CYCU,”programat Huntoon “Oursays. tocome toMichiganTech theirmaster’stoworkon en- still while at institution. participating each needs program dual-andjoint-degree programsspecific veryniches toserve and tailor toinstitutionsareworking how of terms in point in case a is Tech,Michigan from science or engineering of master a with tion conjunc in CYCU from degree science of bachelor their receive (CYCU) UniversityYuan TaiwaneseChung Christian University considered.” mustfaculty allbe research and students, universities, the of needs “The Huntoon. templateuniversities,” all formaster works Tech’sMichigan agrees updualdegrees.” towanting set have two or three meetings a week with differentgraduate programs I it. in interested school our at programs many so are There plate. We us. tem- of a on ahead workingare way is one no seems it and ticipated in Council of Graduate Schools presentations on this issue par “I’ve everywhere,”Lomax. applyNCSU’s thatsays models no are “There programs. dual-degree joint-and to approachescutter cookie provide attemptsto any frustrate requirements degree and The of specifics coordinating individual university rules, programs, Joint- andDual-egree Programs No C Such issues appear minor but such exceptionalism within a bu- a within exceptionalismsuch but minor appear issues Such mas their finish they when at looking was issue biggest “The the delicatebalancebetween a requires program the Executing “In theof CYCU,case whatan avenuethewas students needed from students which in one program, institution’s own Her agreements—no individual as structured be must each “They ookie-Cutter Approaches for - - - of oneprogram to count against theother. reduce total units required by allowing classes ments for eachdegree. Insomecases,schools must ensure that students complete therequire- are taken for thesecond degree. ments andadditionalelective orcore courses meeting partoftheircore or elective require- courses are counted at thepartner institution as at thehomeuniversity andthenacore ofthose complete alloftherequirements for adegree the partnerinstitution, shesays. indicating that thedegree isoffered jointlywith there is usually somethingonthetranscript a common practice inothercountries. Instead, the partneruniversity’s seal,even thoughthisis programs donotconfer adiploma that includes says that most U will bereflected inthediploma awarded. Carlin what sealorinformation from eachinstitution dismissed asminorones.Oneissue isexactly to thefore that mightinothercircumstances be Korea’s K which isoffering ajoint-degree program with Mechanical Engineeringat University ofKansas, R be inwhichever schoolthethesisisdone,” says students’ institution ofregistration. the student wrote or defended histhesisorthe gree anddiplomaawarded by theschoolwhere the caseofjointdegrees, suchashaving thede- nents that determine whichdegree isusedin examination isrequired. from thepartneruniversity, orajoint-qualifying one thesisordissertation committee memberis posed by joint-degree programs. timate intra-degree workings of two institutions avoid thedifficultiesinherent insplicingthe- full additionaldegree before students andalso hand, dualdegrees danglethemajorcarrot ofa students entering thesedisciplines.Ontheother receive, particularly with the decline of postdoctoral fellows that suchprograms can such sharing.STEM fieldsalsohave aneed for STEM disciplinesalready have alonghistory of they are for shorter periods of time, and many degrees can be easier in some respects because on Dougherty, chairmanoftheDepartment C W In adual-degree program, students typically Such programs have away offorcing issues “T Some institutions have structural compo- Carlin says that withajointdegree, typically ouncil ofGraduate Schoolssays that joint plusses andminuses.DianaCarlinat the C he degree inourjoint-degree program will ith respect to dualdegrees, institutions or or dual-degree program. Bothhave their hoosing UT issue of whether to opt for a joint- or chools alsofa P . D rograms ual- .S participantsinjoint-degree D ce J egree egree the fundamental oint- U . S .-born

MAY+JUNE.08 International Educator 41 obert Hasker, Roberta professor Hasker, in the Department of Computer Students Students will enter the four-year program for the first time in with institutions by reported negotiate to issues difficult Other In one program, for example, educators soon learned that it is ommon Challenges 2008 2008 and earn dual degrees,bachelor’s one from Bentley and one schools, Union two European of the Asgaryfrom either says. joint- or dual-degree programs are conflicting instructional and examination schedules, grading systems, teaching and learning methods, and curricula. all nearly which on exam single a taking student German a for easier more of system American the to adjust to riding is credit academic it frequent American is testing than for reverse,do the to students says Science and Software Engineering at the University of Wisconsin, Platteville, and programjoint - for interna coordinator the school’s of University the with science computer for degree master’s tional Darmstadt), (Hochschule GermanyDarmstadt, in Sciences Applied Australia. in Townsville, Cookand James University, C While program specifics vary,certain common challenges present themselves. A first step is pickingthe right The partner. impetus for many joint and dual degrees comes from faculty with - interna tional research collaborations or who may have a degree from an - - - - The sequencing of education at each institution is another ly: ‘Don’t issue the master’s degree because they haven’t completed the completed haven’t theybecause degree master’s the issue ‘Don’t ly: to attended and system the in flagged be must They degree.’ bachelor’s to staffs large without on going are programs these of lot A carefully. we Tech, Michigan At burden. large a be could that and them manage costs.” the than are benefitsgreater the the institution think to concern. “These programsrequire a lot of detailed work on cur different from recruitment—institutions and marketing, riculum, parts of the world need to coordinate and collaborate in these says areas,” Nader Asgary, associate provost for international relations at Bentley College, a Waltham, Massachusetts-based bachelor’s new international dual businessschool, college’s his of with Nether partners the management including in information Deusto. de Universidad Spain’s and Tilburg van Universiteit lands’ courses first-year their take will students Bentley program, our “In at Bentley, second-year courses and at Tilburg Deusto, and - re maining courses at Bentley and either of the European schools, stable a have to students allow will That major. their on depending Bent to return then and year first their in program the into entry program.” their ley complete to procedures can make accommodation difficult: “Because thereare exceptions to normal policy, someone must pay attention to this,” different students these treat to remember must “You says. Huntoon 42 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 for various reasons, one of them being the one of them challenge).” language being reasons, for various add with partners in the United States and master’sprogram tripartite a establish to plans make to me asked storming, Professor Wentzel approached me with that same idea and brain- initial their After planet. the across extendsthat program a up set to be would it unique interestingand how about talked they at that time, Christoph Wentzel, and welcomed visitors from UWP ourdepartment. At that same time, the president of our university new,something that something broke borders.” special, something wanted we But alike. or databases, graphics, as computerin science focussubfieldson of computer science, such programs master’s“Many 2003. in Australia in University Cook James and (UWP) Wisconsin,Platteville of University with gram master’spro- joint the up set helped who Darmstadt Hochschule at professor gram,”computerscience a Harriehausen, Bettina says international idea to the same extent that in we suchbelieve a pro- right partner. rather,partner,the but fordual-degree joint- or a just not for ing theeasier, qualifications andsuitability ofprograms shenotes. media rankings of their strengths and weaknesses, hasration academiaof mademanyin countries andtrackingcoordination, including matu- However, increasing well. as issues tuition agreementexists, which she says often helps with exchangean whom with those especially partners, international existing with programs dual-degree donotexist.”are ifthey prepared, oranda-of-understanding or exchange agreements accompanyingand mem- degree the up setting in ensurethat alluniversity procedures are followed with the international office and general counselto planning joint-/dual-degree programs need to work ness and fit. Faculty andgraduate deans involved in appropriate todetermine - thediscipline in faculty theacademic dean, international office, and other with collaborate to necessary usually is “It says. collaboration,” personal a Carlin in another with tion rather than from an individual faculty member result from long-term relationships with an institu- degrees joint and dual best the that opinion an dence at the ofGraduate (CGS). Council Schools derail the program, says Diana Carlin, - dean-in-resi can member faculty either thatof departureis the point starting a as relationships faculty-to-faculty international university. However, the down side of Setting up programs can be a long process, involving approvals approvals involving process, long a be can programs up Setting the to job coordinate assigned the in “I foreignwas partnerships the supports that partner high-quality a for looking “Wewere look themselves are universities foreign U.S.universities, Like Carlin recommends as a best practice developing “Manydeans at CGS meetings have expressed R ussia as a third partner, but this was later changed to Australia R ussia (the original idea was to 1.866.538.1927 (toll free) ages (2007) serves asa University intheUnited in cooperating formally practical guidefor rep- the United S college oruniversity in to Interuniversity Link resentatives offoreign States: NAFSA’s Guide ing information orcall universities interested for detailsandorder- the NAFS or informally witha Cooperating witha or 1.240.646.7036. - A W tates. Visit with examples and guidelines extracted from strong programs. exampleswith extracted andguidelines fromstrong programs. the world. Finally, Stewart said that CGS is likely to produce a book of differentfrom parts viewed collaborativeareprograms degree how about talk to education graduate in leaders global convene tocontinue also will CGS deans. graduate of gatherings other at thegraduate educationcommunity CGS’annualatmeetingsand Schoolswithpracticesbest regularly share their information with members. its to them communicating and practices best tifying iden- trends, and practices universities’ different on information collecting is CGS means. several through programs dual-degree to endanonproductive orinadequate program. allow,how (6) and policies than credits transfer morethat include programs approve to how (5) reviews, program on based ments (4) conducthow to program reviews, implementimprove - needed ity of institution’sa partner (2) accreditation, (3) how to programs, related to quality control, including (1) how to determine the qual- concerns several expressed deans graduate U.S. Canada, Banff, in recentAtgraduateprocesses.globalasummit oneducation held review program and approval program through assurance quality issue ofconcern for many institutions. differentvery from their own. Quality assurance been has majora institutions that have educational regimes and benchmarks programs inthe samefield. two joint degrees eb site Stewart says that CGS will share best practices in joint- and and joint- in practices best share will CGS that says Stewart Carlin says that U.S. graduate schools are typically charged with A similar issue relates to ensuring integrity and compatibility with - gan, for example, refuses to allow the awarding of Michi- of University the that says rigor.Godfrey program. inthenot participating dual-degree those for degree single a in only yields completed degree programs when similar hard work and units faculty and students, with especially respect to dual- nonparticipating among resentment breed can well intoblindsided the approval process.” advocate, but that is an devil’s a importantlike more sound may person this time the role to avoid being of Some changes. or waivers policy secure and es with these arrangements navigate approval process blocks are likely to occur andneed someonehelp whofaculty can step backnot to seefamiliar what road andother programs. KUT with degree joint Kansas’ of University the in involved ofthe graduate school at KU, according to faculty dean as position previous her in played formerly Carlin that role a bureaucracy,university’s the in critical to have a champion for such be programs can faculty,it foreign to connections to dition high bureaucracy. theatof academic many levels ad- In Some Some schools impose limits designed to ensure they that is programs such with problem One “Faculty a do champion,”need says Carlin. “You - 44 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 front—how doyouback gone outofanagreement bad?” liabilities, it’s important to keep reputational protection at the fore- potential for planning and revenues), and costs share to how out stitution’s reputation: “Apart from financial commitments (figuring in- theirdamage can misstep thata remember to care take should change,” says Carlin. conditions or program the in interest insufficient is there case in agreement includes periodic evaluations and has a sunset provision refining andevaluating them. “Sustainability isbetter ensured if the atin progress many joint- programs. anddual-degree Carlinsays helping students secure such programs remains a work working at a European company that they can’t get here,” Krider says. experience an U.S.participants give France.“Internships Ferrand, Clermont- in Management of School Graduate Clermont ESC dual-degree program, in M.B.A.–master management, with Groupe director of the University of Kansas program, M.B.A. which offersa participating in them, are internships, notes Charles Krider, academic students American to value and programs, graduate many of part EuropeIn key a preparation language and justcourses. coursework difficulties.” meet I when afraid be not to learned I life. challengein a and ence the I coursedidn’t passed because up. give For me it’s - experi good still I final, the in But myself. by study I when didn’t understand also didn’tand thatI experience this talk teacherwhat understand didn’t understand. I In I almost mycried. didn’t past learning, have still I myself, by studied I when And about. ing and I didn’t understand what the teacher was talk “I just took a course communicationdigital called program. Tech-CYCUdual-degree Michigan the master’ssciencea andofengineeringthrough of bachelor a Yu-Tang, receive Chen says will who teach and for us [foreign students] it’s a challenge,” to English use classes the U.S.,all the “In itself: it lesson a is alone that say language another in ing of their host country. of their degrees if they do not acquire the language they may well compromise the value and purpose administratorscountries,manysay in education whichlish, commonlyis the graduate of language most foreign programs teach U.S. students in Eng their language skills are not up to snuff. And while quirestudentsremedialtakeEnglishif classesto re programs Many language. is programs such many in consider to factor important Another and Internship Challenges Language Barriers Georgia Tech’s disheartening Georgia somewhat the says McLaughlin Similarly, says that to up rushing programs set schools Godfrey A critical component of such programs is continuing attention to In addition, integrating in foreign programs can mean more than Those whocan survive the trial-by-fire of- learn - - - will receive abachelor of science andamas- through theMichigan it’s achallenge,” says ter’s ofengineering Chen Yu- classes useEnglish to teach andfor us [foreign students] In theU T degree program. ech-C Y .S., allthe T CU dual- ang, who United States. the in students graduate foreign of proportion high the given tion - limita significant a residents, permanent or U.S.citizens be must andteaching assignments. research internships; are innovative curricula; teaching materials, and methods, modules; preparation and full academic credit, Frankfort says. Also supported language adequate provide will that internships and placements work including mobility, student transatlantic for frameworks bysummer2008. degrees first U.S. and European students under the programwill receive dual the that notes He Education. of U.S.Department the for manager years to help fund programs, says Frank Frankfort, Atlantis program institution $400,000 per received over multiple typically recipients development and relatedcurriculum student exchange. This year’s a European Community–United States dimension to international European Union’s Atlantis program provides four-year grants to add a program launched in 2006, the U.S. Department of Education and supportinginternational joint- dual-degreeandprograms. Under to shesays. doso, mouth for them. Sometimes such financial support is the onlyway of word positive as serve can students satisfied that so launched actuallyarethatthey growth and dual-degreeprograms’survival joint-and to critical is it that says Carlin started. programs such students. university pay byits for undertaken classwork going in either direction. Another approach is to simply have each One limitation for the Atlantis programs is that U.S. participants organizational develop that projects supports program The at targeted specifically program federal one least at is There get to scholarships to turning are schools situations, some In of time and effort of timeandeffort to sustain them.” even after 15 years; it takes a tremendous amount regular basis. The programs don’trun themselves a on partners with closely working and nication, a lot of one-on-one information commusharing, - to make the program work. It’s a lot of hard work, professors to students contacts dividual between are a Thefull-contact programs sport. rely on in- we have learned about these programs is that they comparedto other programs: “The biggest thing resources attentionand disproportionate mand of the university’s dual-degree programs, they de- some offering of years 15 after even that is truth that roughly the same number of students are students of number same the roughly that ensure to is here key Obviously,one programs. exchangein students as programs joint-degree in participating students treat to is way One by participating institutions in a variety of ways. handled been have programs dual-degree and joint- international the by posed issues Cost The Bottom Line 46 International Educator MAY+JUNE.08 a grant here to pay for a student to study there? That works where where works there?That studystudentto a payforto here grant a there’sso the question of how you finance that exchange. Why use assistantships, on are Ph.D.students whereas way own their pay Ph.D.NCSU candidate SNU. first to “Master’s students generally theFebruary, sent in and, (SNU) University National Seoul with whose Lomax, school has set up a dual Ph.D. program in genomics the master’s level are much simpler to do than Ph.D.s,” says NCSU’s single Ph.D. at Georgia Tech. to six years after a bachelor’s, compared to four to five for the usual five in degrees both receive Techstudents says Ph.D.Georgia He and then enter a new phase of one or two more years to receive the Ph.D. French the finish first Ph.D.program dual the in Students consisting only degree of researcha three-year and no instruction. sure that astudent twoPh.D.s gets for ofwork.” twodifferent types make to We’vePh.D.s.hard two worked awarding toward skeptical 25. On the other hand, he notes that “the academic community is very easier to run because there are fewer is it hand, Tech’sone thestudents France.Georgia on that, says McLaughlin at a time, generally in institutions three with 20 programs orengineering mechanical dual ties in electrical and computer and, engineering in a second program, expanding ofPh.D. into number upward anincreasing programs. undergraduate programs in greater numbers, such programs are also and limited only by imagination. In addition to expanding down into bright be to appears dual-degrees and joint- of future general the programs, individual of experience market.”the of regardless Still, IT, and computer science, which are important areas in the global job Theynology willspecialist. get degrees in international management, tech information international or manager global including world, around the careers preparewill of studentsoutstanding for a variety We forstudents. experience global distinctive thinkthatof thiskind immersion cultural and curriculum in exercise an truly is This ons. champi- our be hopefully will They program. the through going by says. Asgary “It should if we really find that the students are benefiting hope it will after survive the grant comes to an end,” mitments expire or are up for “Well,reevaluation. I com- administrative initial and money grant once programs the of fate the determine may graduates program,theexperiences oftheir first sets of few Atlantis the under especially schools, many For The R international dual-degree program. international dual-degree institution’shis of new College’s Asgary Bentley funds,”Atlantisgrant the says without happened dual-degree program or not. “This would not have joint-a or offering between difference the made and costs travel faculty and participant for paid There are also different financial considerations. “Dualdegrees at Ph.D.is Francethe in that fact the by facilitated is this says He Georgia Tech has dual Ph.D. programs with three French universi- For many institutions, Atlantis grants have grants Atlantis institutions, many For oad Ahead D and dual degrees Bologna Process Europe withthe www.nafsa.org/ are operating in iscover how joint online only at Extra! webextra. W - e Portugal that accompanied theJanuary/February 2008issue. Demand in Spain” for the regional supplement on Spain and Maryland. Hislatest article for IE was “Balancing Supply and D tion. That’s for our students lesson to learn.” a good - interven nursing effective and early of because part obesity,in and thelevel of health care, and at the low incidence of infant mortality students, who have already thestarted program there, are amazed at to field a health care provider assigned todoesn’t people enter into acute care. whoIn the United areStates, by contrast, it’s healthy. rare Our tus. It’s really rich care with the whole point of the care that the person with holistic care, including seeing if there are changes in mental - sta system are patients assigned and children until six and provide them managedpublicbyhealth nurses.The public nurses the in health O’Toole. “Our students in Finland, for example, are looking at clinics care,” nursing says impact approaches different how perspective ofexperience that specifics. transcend academic will type a them give may program the thatO’Toole saysEurope, to move the United States ofnursing shesays. passage with examinations, achieving a credential that is acceptable for licensure in both the EU and Nazareth. Students of both Europe and the United States will benefit by and Semmelweiss by awarded being nursing in degrees dual in result of Nazareth’s says Nursingwill program the Department, dual-degree quintessentiallylocal nature: nursing. Marie Theresa O’Toole, chair seeminglygraduatemattersubjectastudents studying witharea the to $408,000each program. develop received Finland.of Leppävaara institutions The Laurea and three Hungary program with two European institutions: Semmelweiss Egyetem of dual-degree undergraduateester, an York, created has New which Atlantisin forexample,College Nazareth is recipient, grant expanding to areas far from the business and STEM core. Another their way through the to program continue.” b A VID TOB ENKI isafreelance writer inChevy Chase, “Nursing needs global leaders and our students will have unique unique have will students our and leaders global needs “Nursing to wish will students U.S.nursing many too doubts she While its given out stands program dual-degree international the But also is programs dual-degree joint- and of matter subject The

qualifying examinationsqualifying one-half to two-thirds of single dissertation they write. They must pass our a supervises that universities both from mittee com- a by supervised jointly are and universities qualificationsallpassstudent thebothto hasof exam,” says “TheLomax. agreement wewrote says oral final the and dissertations for as well as cy, - candida to advancement the and examinations because you need joint supervision of preliminary work there.” course and experience research some do and here coursework do students American the that tive research We’veprograms. structured ours so collabora- close have institutions both in faculty “Joint and dual Ph.D.’sdual and “Joint complex more also are - Roch IE