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The Beginnings of English Protestantism
THE BEGINNINGS OF ENGLISH PROTESTANTISM PETER MARSHALL ALEC RYRIE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge ,UK West th Street, New York, -, USA Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, , Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on , Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town , South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Baskerville Monotype /. pt. System LATEX ε [TB] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library hardback paperback Contents List of illustrations page ix Notes on contributors x List of abbreviations xi Introduction: Protestantisms and their beginnings Peter Marshall and Alec Ryrie Evangelical conversion in the reign of Henry VIII Peter Marshall The friars in the English Reformation Richard Rex Clement Armstrong and the godly commonwealth: radical religion in early Tudor England Ethan H. Shagan Counting sheep, counting shepherds: the problem of allegiance in the English Reformation Alec Ryrie Sanctified by the believing spouse: women, men and the marital yoke in the early Reformation Susan Wabuda Dissenters from a dissenting Church: the challenge of the Freewillers – Thomas Freeman Printing and the Reformation: the English exception Andrew Pettegree vii viii Contents John Day: master printer of the English Reformation John N. King Night schools, conventicles and churches: continuities and discontinuities in early Protestant ecclesiology Patrick Collinson Index Illustrations Coat of arms of Catherine Brandon, duchess of Suffolk. -
DISSERTATION-Submission Reformatted
The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 By Robert Lee Harkins A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor David Bates Fall 2013 © Robert Lee Harkins 2013 All Rights Reserved 1 Abstract The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 by Robert Lee Harkins Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair This study examines the problem of religious and political obedience in early modern England. Drawing upon extensive manuscript research, it focuses on the reign of Mary I (1553-1558), when the official return to Roman Catholicism was accompanied by the prosecution of Protestants for heresy, and the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603), when the state religion again shifted to Protestantism. I argue that the cognitive dissonance created by these seesaw changes of official doctrine necessitated a society in which religious mutability became standard operating procedure. For most early modern men and women it was impossible to navigate between the competing and contradictory dictates of Tudor religion and politics without conforming, dissimulating, or changing important points of conscience and belief. Although early modern theologians and polemicists widely declared religious conformists to be shameless apostates, when we examine specific cases in context it becomes apparent that most individuals found ways to positively rationalize and justify their respective actions. This fraught history continued to have long-term effects on England’s religious, political, and intellectual culture. -
S-2365-12 Visitationyorks
12 ingbah(s lli.sitation of tork.sbirt, WITH ADDITIONS. (Continued from Vol. XIX, p. 262.) AGBBIGG AND MOBLEY WAPENTAKE. He.llifu, 2° April 1666. of ltatborp-1jall. ABMS :-Ar~cnt, a cockatrice with wings addorsed and tail nowed Sable, crested G ules, I. JVILLIAJl LANGLEY, of Langley, 2 If. 6, mar, Alice ... They had i!!llue- II. TIIOJlAS LANGLEY, of Lanyl,iy, mar, . They had issue- l/enry (III). Thomas Lmiyley, L" Chancel/our of Enyland 1405-7, 1417-22, Bishop of Durham 1406, Cardinal 1411, d. 20 Nov, 1437, bur. in Durham Ca.thedra.l, M.I. (see Diet. Nat. Biog.). · III. HENRY LANGLEY of Dalton; mar .... dau, of . Ka.ye, of W oodsome (Glover). Thomas (IV). Robert Langley (see Langley, of Sheriff Hutton). IV. TIIOJEAS LANGLEl', of Rathorp Hall, in Dalton, in com. Ebor., Inq. P.M. 27 Aug. 10 Hen. VIII, 1518, sa.yH he d. 28 ·Apr. l11.11t; mar. Mar91, dauqhter of ... Wombioell, of Wombicell, They had issue- Richard (V}. Agnes, named in her brother Richard's will. V. RICIIARD LANGLEY, of Rathorp /Iall, ret. fourteen a.t his father's Inq. P.M. Will 28 Sept. 1537, pr. at York 2 Oct. 1539 (Test. Ebor., vol. vi, 70); mar. Jane, daughter of Thomas Beaumont, of Mir.field. They had issue- DUGDALE'S VISITATION OF YORKSHIRE. 13 Richard (YI). Thomas Langley, of Meltonby, named in his father's will ; mar. Agnes, da. of IVill'm Tates. They had issue- Margaret, l Alice, J Glover. Jane, Arthur, } Alice, named in their father's will. Margaret, VI. -
Cemetery Rules and Regulation Policy 2019
City of Tawas City Policies and Procedures Subject: Cemetery Regulations Effective date: February 19, 2019 Background This policy establishes standards for the operation and management of the City of Tawas City Memory Gardens Cemetery. These regulations do not supersede the City of Tawas City Code of Ordinances, Chapter 7, Cemeteries. Definitions • Burial: placing remains of a deceased human body into the ground • Columbarium: an above ground structure with niches designed for the purpose of interring cremains • Columbarium Niche: a single space in a columbarium designated to contain cremains within an urn or container • Cremains: the incinerated ashes of a human body • Interment: the permanent disposition of the remains or cremains of a deceased person • Monument: a tombstone, grave marker, memorial, or headstone identifying a grave or graves, or a nameplate with an inscription identifying a niche • Owner(s): the person(s) or immediate family (husband, wife, father, mother, son, or daughter) member(s) to whom the City has conveyed burial rights • Plot: a grave space for interment of a deceased person by cremation or burial • Section/Block/Lot: the terms used to describe the location of a plot in the cemetery • Urn: a container that holds human cremains Management of the Cemetery 1. The Memory Gardens Cemetery (Cemetery) is owned and managed by the City of Tawas City (City). All operations are under the direction of the Cemetery Sexton, who is the City Manager or his/her designee. 2. The fees and charges established for the Cemetery shall be set by and approved by the Tawas City Council. 3. The City is responsible for operating and maintaining the Cemetery, including but not limited to grounds maintenance, the selling of all plots and columbarium niches, maintaining accurate records of all sales and burials, and coordinating interments. -
Make Us Laugh at That: Hamlet's Gravediggers
“Make Us Laugh at That: Hamlet’s Gravediggers” LAURY MAGNUS Though the “Clownes” in 5.1.appear only once in Hamlet, Shakespeare’s Gravediggers’ Scene has been called “the most extraordinary scene in this extraordinary play” (CN3189, Hibbard, 1987), a valuation that is surely a function of the proud professional undertaker, the First Clown, whose quick wit shines out in dialogue but who is intently focused and in his own world when at his proper task of digging. Does this clown speak more lines than have been “set down for him?”1 Of course, such a question is one that textual evidence in itself can’t decide. But what it does point to is that even when intent on his digging, the Gravedigger enjoys the limelight and “performing” for himself and for any passers-by. What is also clear is that the Gravedigger’s singing at his tasks intrigues Hamlet at a critical point of passage in the play. As an outsider first introduced in this scene of the play, the Gravedigger could be seen as a choric figure. In his initial dialogue with Second Clown, he unwittingly comments on the prior actions of the prince and the court of Denmark that have led them to seek the consecrated “ground” of his professional turf. For his part, the prince, now also an “outsider” who stumbles upon this site, becomes a kind of correlative choric figure as he comments to Horatio on the Gravedigger’s song and accompanying gestures and then draws out the Gravedigger concerning his trade. From this dual choric perspective grows what is to be a direct duel of wits between clown and prince that is prelude to the mortal duel of 5.2. -
'[A] Litle Treatyse in Prynte and Euen in the English Tongue': Appeals to The
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2010 ‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation Bradley C. Pardue University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Intellectual History Commons Recommended Citation Pardue, Bradley C., "‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/733 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Bradley C. Pardue entitled "‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Robert J Bast, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Burman, Palmira Brummett, Heather Hirschfeld Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. -
The College and Canons of St Stephen's, Westminster, 1348
The College and Canons of St Stephen’s, Westminster, 1348 - 1548 Volume I of II Elizabeth Biggs PhD University of York History October 2016 Abstract This thesis is concerned with the college founded by Edward III in his principal palace of Westminster in 1348 and dissolved by Edward VI in 1548 in order to examine issues of royal patronage, the relationships of the Church to the Crown, and institutional networks across the later Middle Ages. As no internal archive survives from St Stephen’s College, this thesis depends on comparison with and reconstruction from royal records and the archives of other institutions, including those of its sister college, St George’s, Windsor. In so doing, it has two main aims: to place St Stephen’s College back into its place at the heart of Westminster’s political, religious and administrative life; and to develop a method for institutional history that is concerned more with connections than solely with the internal workings of a single institution. As there has been no full scholarly study of St Stephen’s College, this thesis provides a complete institutional history of the college from foundation to dissolution before turning to thematic consideration of its place in royal administration, music and worship, and the manor of Westminster. The circumstances and processes surrounding its foundation are compared with other such colleges to understand the multiple agencies that formed St Stephen’s, including that of the canons themselves. Kings and their relatives used St Stephen’s for their private worship and as a site of visible royal piety. -
The Edinburgh Graveyards Project
The Edinburgh Graveyards Project A scoping study to identify strategic priorities for the future care and enjoyment of five historic burial grounds in the heart of the Edinburgh World Heritage Site The Edinburgh Graveyards Project A scoping study to identify strategic priorities for the future care and enjoyment of ve historic burial grounds in the heart of the Edinburgh World Heritage Site Greyfriar’s Kirkyard, Monument No.22 George Foulis of Ravelston and Jonet Bannatyne (c.1633) Report Author DR SUSAN BUCKHAM Other Contributors THOMAS ASHLEY DR JONATHAN FOYLE KIRSTEN MCKEE DOROTHY MARSH ADAM WILKINSON Project Manager DAVID GUNDRY February 2013 1 Acknowledgements his project, and World Monuments Fund’s contribution to it, was made possi- ble as a result of a grant from The Paul Mellon Estate. This was supplemented Tby additional funding and gifts in kind from Edinburgh World Heritage Trust. The scoping study was led by Dr Susan Buckham of Kirkyard Consulting, a spe- cialist with over 15 years experience in graveyard research and conservation. Kirsten Carter McKee, a doctoral candidate in the Department of Architecture at Edinburgh University researching the cultural, political, and social signicance of Calton Hill, undertook the desktop survey and contributed to the Greyfriars exit poll data col- lection. Thomas Ashley, a doctoral candidate at Yale University, was awarded the Edinburgh Graveyard Scholarship 2011 by World Monuments Fund. This discrete project ran between July and September 2011 and was supervised by Kirsten Carter McKee. Special thanks also go to the community members and Kirk Session Elders who gave their time and knowledge so generously and to project volunteers David Fid- dimore, Bob Reinhardt and Tan Yuk Hong Ian. -
Jesting with Death: Hamlet in the Graveyard
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library To be published in: Textual practice, 2010, 24(6), 1003-1018 which should be cited to refer to this work. Indira Ghose Jesting with Death: Hamlet in the Graveyard When Eric Morecambe appeared on stage dressed entirely in black, nursing a skull, even the slightly obtuse Ernie immediately realized what was in the offing: Shakespeare’s Hamlet. The image of Hamlet holding a skull has become iconic for the play itself. In popular memory, it is linked to the other signpost of the play, the tagline ‘To be or not to be’. What is often forgotten is the fact that the skull only surfaces in the graveyard scene, in which the Prince meditates on death and engages in a battle of wits with a gravedigger. Ironically, it is precisely the graveyard episode that drew the ire of generations of critics. Voltaire’s comments on the scene are devastating. In his Dissertation sur la tragédie ancienne et moderne he writes, ‘[A] grave is dug on the stage; some gravediggers, holding skulls in their hands, make bad puns worthy of their sort; to their abominable scurrilities, Prince Hamlet makes nonsensical replies that are no less disgusting’.1 For critics like Voltaire, macabre humour was a breach of decorum, an unforgivable transgression of the aesthetic code that called for a rigid divide between the genres of comedy and tragedy. Long before Voltaire, neoclassical critics such as Sir Philip Sidney had patrolled the boundaries between both genres, deploring the insertion of comic matter in tragedies as vulgar. -
Episcopal Tombs in Early Modern England
Jnl of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. 55, No. 4, October 2004. f 2004 Cambridge University Press 654 DOI: 10.1017/S0022046904001502 Printed in the United Kingdom Episcopal Tombs in Early Modern England by PETER SHERLOCK The Reformation simultaneously transformed the identity and role of bishops in the Church of England, and the function of monuments to the dead. This article considers the extent to which tombs of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century bishops represented a set of episcopal ideals distinct from those conveyed by the monuments of earlier bishops on the one hand and contemporary laity and clergy on the other. It argues that in death bishops were increasingly undifferentiated from other groups such as the gentry in the dress, posture, location and inscriptions of their monuments. As a result of the inherent tension between tradition and reform which surrounded both bishops and tombs, episcopal monuments were unsuccessful as a means of enhancing the status or preserving the memory and teachings of their subjects in the wake of the Reformation. etween 1400 and 1700, some 466 bishops held office in England and Wales, for anything from a few months to several decades.1 The B majority died peacefully in their beds, some fading into relative obscurity. Others, such as Richard Scrope, Thomas Cranmer and William Laud, were executed for treason or burned for heresy in one reign yet became revered as saints, heroes or martyrs in another. Throughout these three centuries bishops played key roles in the politics of both Church and PRO=Public Record Office; TNA=The National Archives I would like to thank Craig D’Alton, Felicity Heal, Clive Holmes, Ralph Houlbrooke, Judith Maltby, Keith Thomas and the anonymous reader for this JOURNAL for their comments on this article. -
Selections from Erasmus - Principally from His Epistles
Selections from Erasmus - Principally from his Epistles Erasmus Roterodamus Project Gutenberg's Selections from Erasmus, by Erasmus Roterodamus Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the header without written permission. Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is important information about your specific rights and restrictions in how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. **Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** **eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** *****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!***** Title: Selections from Erasmus Principally from his Epistles Author: Erasmus Roterodamus Release Date: June, 2005 [EBook #8400] [Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule] [This file was first posted on July 6, 2003] Edition: 10 Language: English and Latin Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SELECTIONS FROM ERASMUS *** Produced by David Starner, Thomas Berger, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. SELECTIONS FROM ERASMUS Principally From His Epistles By P. S. ALLEN * * * * * PREFACE The selections in this volume are taken mainly from the Letters of Erasmus. -
Archbishop War Hams Visitation Of
18 Jan. Archbishop War hams Visitation of Monasteries, 15 n Downloaded from INCE the publication of Dr. Jessopp's volume of' Visitations of the S Diocese of Norwich, 1492-1582,'l the general nature of the results that may be expected from a further study of these documents is now well known as far as that period of monastic history is con- http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ cerned. But although the complaints brought to light in Warham's visitation of the diocese of Canterbury are remarkably similar in character to those of the Norwich visitation, fresh evidence for different districts is still desirable, and even if the publication of these documents be not otherwise useful, they at least give precise details on the number and names of the inmates of many houses which cannot be obtained elsewhere. Some account of Warham's visitation, is, however, specially desirable since the statements at Georgetown University on September 4, 2015 made by Mr. Froude1 are misleading and have been copied by others. Speaking of Morton's visitation, 1499, he says, ' Evils so deep and abominable would not yield to languid treatment; the visitation had been feeble in its execution and limited in extent. In 1511 a second was attempted by Archbishop Warham.3 This inquiry was more partial than the first, yet similar practices were brought to light: women introduced to religious houses ; nuns and abbesses accusing one another of incontinency; the alms collected in the chapels squandered by the monks in licentiousness. Once more, no cure was attempted beyond a paternal admonition.' These statements are not warranted by the manuscript evidence of ' Warham's Register' * to which Mr.