DOCSLIB.ORG

Rôle Du Système De Sécrétion De Type III SPI-1 Et Des Mégaenzymes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rôle Du Système De Sécrétion De Type III SPI-1 Et Des Mégaenzymes UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER II SCIENCES ET TECHNIQUES DU LANGUEDOC THESE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITE DE MONTPELLIER II Ecole doctorale : SIBAGHE Discipline : Biologie Intégrative des Plantes Présentée et soutenue publiquement par Mélanie MARGUERETTAZ Le 7 décembre 2010 Rôle du système de sécrétion de type III SPI-1 et des mégaenzymes NRPS dans le cycle de vie de Xanthomonas albilineans, l’agent causal de l'échaudure des feuilles de la canne à sucre JURY : M. Guy CONDEMINE (Directeur de Recherche, CNRS Lyon), Rapporteur. M. Alain GIVAUDAN (Directeur de Recherche, INRA Montpellier), Président du jury. *,ime Marie-Agnès JACQUES (Chargé de Recherche, INRA Angers), Rapporteur. Mme Monique ROYER (Directeur de Recherche, CIRAD Montpellier), Directeur de thèse. Remerciements Je tiens à remercier Monique ROYER qui a encadré ce travail. Elle a toujours été de bons conseils et disponible. Mes remerciements vont également à Marie-Agnès Jacques et Guy Condemine pour avoir accepté d'évaluer ce travail, ainsi qu'à Alain Givaudan pour m'avoir suivie au cours de cette thèse. Je remercie la région Languedoc-Roussillon et le Cirad pour avoir co-financé cette thèse. Merci aux membres de l'équipe 3 : Philippe, Isabelle, Stéphane et Sandrine, pour m'avoir accueillie durant ces 3 ans, ainsi que pour leurs conseils, leur aide et leur soutien. Et Philippe on est d'accord : s'il n'y a pas d'albicidine ce ne sont pas de vraies lignes blanches!! Et merci à Jérôme pour son travail sur le Spy One et sa bonne humeur au labo. ) Une dédicace spéciale pour le groupe des "Tueurs de canne" avec lesquels j'ai passé de lonnnngues journées. Marie-Jo et Sandrine, heureusement que vous avez été là pour couler ces milliers de boîtes! Vous êtes définitivement les reines de la logistique. Marc, bien que tu sois parti loin, j ’ai énormément apprécié nos discussions philosophiques dans la serre souvent suivies de tes disparitions mystérieuses. Et enfin Damien, qui en venant renforcer le groupe, n'a pas hésité une seconde à faire couler la sève des pauvres cannes pour la science. A mes formidables collègues de bureau! Il faut bien avouer que j'ai vraiment eu de la chance. Philippe et Laurence, nos discussions mi-scientifiques, mi-potin me manquent encore...et merci Bernard pour tes dictées corsées. Heureusement que le Potager est là pour prolonger ces bons moments. Audrey et Pierre-o, c'est vrai on a formé un bureau de choc, c'était trop court! Quoiqu'il en soit je vous remercie tous les quatre pour votre soutien au cours de cette thèse (et les pauses sandwichs). Audrey, prépare ta poupée, la séance d’exorcisme va commencer ! ! Petite pensée pour mon frère de galère qui se reconnaîtra...We did it! Ainsi que pour Mauricio et ses conseils avisés. 3 Je tiens à remercier mes collègues de BGPI pour la bonne humeur. Amandine et Joan pour les petites pauses entre deux manips, Emmanuel pour ses histoires plus drôles les unes que les autres. Et tous les autres trop nombreux à citer. Merci, merci, merci à tous mes amis qui sont toujours là pour moi. Cora ! La vache ça va bientôt faire 15 ans qu'on se connaît, faudra qu'on pense à se faire engager dans le même labo un jour! Vraiment merci d'être là même depuis toutes ces années. Merci à toi aussi Marion! La Rebelle de médecine! La fétarde de tous les instants! Ma psy aussi... Enfin merci à mes deux réunionnais préférés Willy et Tony. Je terminerai en remerciant ma famille, ça y est c'est fini! Vous m'avez soutenu toutes ces années et c'est grâce à vous aussi, et surtout, que j'en suis là. Enfin Vincent, même si tout n'a pas été rose, tu es toujours là pour m'épauler, merci. Cette thèse a été sponsorisée par RedBull, Picard et Rivière du Mât. 4 Table des matières Liste des figures...................................................................................................................10 Liste des tableaux................................................................................................................12 Abréviations......................................................................................................................... 13 Objectifs de la thèse........................................................................................................... 15 Chapitre 1. Synthèse bibliographique............................................................................21 1 Les bases moléculaires des interactions plante-bactérie....................................... 23 1.1 Les mécanismes de défense chez les plantes............................................................ 23 1.1.1 Les défenses préformées................................................................................23 1.1.2 Les défenses inductibles................................................................................. 24 1.1.2.1 La reconnaissance de l'agent pathogène.......................................24 1.1.2.2 Les réactions de défense suite à la reconnaissance d ’un microorganisme............................................................................................... 24 1.1.2.3 Le modèle en zigzag..........................................................................26 1.2 Les principaux facteurs de pathogénie chez les bactéries...................................... 26 1.2.1 Les enzymes de dégradation de la paroi cellulaire......................................27 1.2.2 Les exopolysaccharides.................................................................................. 27 1.2.3 Les structures impliquées dans la mobilité..................................................29 1.2.3.1 Le flagelle...........................................................................................29 1.2.3.2 Le pilus de type IV.............................................................................30 1.2.4 Les adhésines non fibrillaires........................................................................ 31 1.2.5 Les systèmes de captation du fer...................................................................32 1.2.6 La signalisation cellulaire..............................................................................33 1.2.6.1 Gènes rpf............................................................................................33 1.2.6.2 Gènes pig............................................................................................35 1.2.7 Les pompes d’efflux........................................................................................35 1.2.8 Les systèmes de sécrétion de protéines........................................................ 37 1.2.8.1 Le système de sécrétion de type 1....................................................39 1.2.8.2 Le système de sécrétion de type II...................................................40 1.2.8.3 Le système de sécrétion de type III .................................................42 1.2.8.4 Le système de sécrétion de type IV..................................................44 1.2.8.5 Le système de sécrétion de type V...................................................46 1.2.8.6 Le système de sécrétion de type VI................................................. 48 5 1.2.9 Les effecteurs de virulence ou d’avirulence sécrétés par les bactéries Gram négatif phytopathogènes..........................................................................................49 1.2.9.1 Les effecteurs de type III.................................................................. 49 1.2.9.2 Un exemple d ’effecteur d ’avirulence sécrété par le système de sécrétion de type 1 ...........................................................................................51 1.2.9.3 Les effecteurs sécrétés par des pompes d ’efflux...........................52 2 Modes de transmission et de dissémination des bactéries phytopathogènes.... 53 2.1 Les bactéries phytopathogènes dans l'environnement..............................................53 2.1.1 Le sol.................................................................................................................53 2.1.2 L'eau..................................................................................................................53 2.1.3 Les repousses et les plantes adventices........................................................ 55 2.2 La colonisation épiphyte................................................................................................ 55 2.3 La transmission par le biais d'insectes........................................................................57 3 La colonisation du xylème par les bactéries phytopathogènes............................ 59 3.1 Morphologie du xylème.................................................................................................. 59 3.2 Composition de la sève brute.........................................................................................61 3.3 Les bactéries colonisatrices du xylème........................................................................61 3.3.1 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae................................................................... 61 3.3.2Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris..................................................... 62 3.3.3 Ralstonia solanacearum................................................................................. 63 3.3.4 Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum...................................................64 3.3.5 Xylella fastidiosa............................................................................................. 65 3.3.6Leifsoniaxyli subsp. x y li...............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rivadalve Coelho Gonçalves Etiologia Da Mancha
    RIVADALVE COELHO GONÇALVES ETIOLOGIA DA MANCHA BACTERIANA DO EUCALIPTO NO BRASIL Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Fitopatologia, para obtenção do título de Doctor Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL 2003 Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Seção de Catalogação e Classificação da Biblioteca Central da UFV T Gonçalves, Rivadalve Coelho, 1970- G635e Etiologia da mancha bacteriana do eucalipto no Brasil / 2003 Rivadalve Coelho Gonçalves. – Viçosa : UFV, 2003. xiii, 79f. : il. ; 29cm. Inclui apêndice. Orientador: Acelino Couto Alfenas. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Mancha bacteriana - Etiologia. 2. Xanthomonas. 3. Eucalipto - Doenças e pragas. I. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. II.Título. CDD 20.ed. 632.32 RIVADALVE COELHO GONÇALVES ETIOLOGIA DA MANCHA BACTERIANA DO EUCALIPTO NO BRASIL Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Fitopatologia, para obtenção do título de Doctor Scientiae. APROVADA: 6 de novembro de 2003. _______________________________ _______________________________ Prof. Luiz Antonio Maffia Prof. José Rogério de Oliveira (Conselheiro) (Conselheiro) _______________________________ _______________________________ Prof. Júlio Cézar Mattos Cascardo Dr. Miguel Angel Dita Rodríguez _______________________________ Prof. Acelino Couto Alfenas (Orientador) Ao professor Acelino Couto Alfenas DEDICO ii AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, provedor de vida, inteligência
    [Show full text]
  • DEEPT Genomics) Reveals Misclassification of Xanthomonas Species Complexes Into Xylella, Stenotrophomonas and Pseudoxanthomonas
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.04.933507; this version posted February 5, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Deep phylo-taxono-genomics (DEEPT genomics) reveals misclassification of Xanthomonas species complexes into Xylella, Stenotrophomonas and Pseudoxanthomonas Kanika Bansal1,^, Sanjeet Kumar1,$,^, Amandeep Kaur1, Shikha Sharma1, Prashant Patil1,#, Prabhu B. Patil1,* 1Bacterial Genomics and Evolution Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh. $Present address: Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany. #Present address: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. ^Equal Contribution *Corresponding author Running Title: Comprehensive phylo-taxono-genomics of Xanthomonas and its relatives. Correspondence: Prabhu B. Patil Email: [email protected] Principal Scientist CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, India- 160036 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.04.933507; this version posted February 5, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Genus Xanthomonas encompasses specialized group of phytopathogenic bacteria with genera Xylella, Stenotrophomonas and Pseudoxanthomonas being its closest relatives. While species of genera Xanthomonas and Xylella are known as serious phytopathogens, members of other two genera are found in diverse habitats with metabolic versatility of biotechnological importance. Few species of Stenotrophomonas are multidrug resistant opportunistic nosocomial pathogens. In the present study, we report genomic resource of genus Pseudoxanthomonas and further in-depth comparative studies with publically available genome resources of other three genera.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 a Horizontally Acquired Expansin Gene Increases Virulence of the Emerging Plant
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681643; this version posted July 2, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 1 A horizontally acquired expansin gene increases virulence of the emerging plant 2 pathogen Erwinia tracheiphila 3 Jorge Rochaa,b*#, Lori R. Shapiroa,c*, Roberto Koltera 4 5 #Address correspondence to Jorge Rocha, [email protected] 6 a Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA. 7 b Present Address: Conacyt-Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Agrobiotecnología 8 Alimentaria, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Mexico 9 c Present Address: Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, 10 Raleigh, NC 11 12 * JR and LRS contributed equally to this work. 13 Word count: Abstract 219, Main Text (Introduction, Results, Discussion) 4354 14 15 Running title: An expansin increases Erwinia tracheiphila virulence 16 #Address correspondence to Jorge Rocha, [email protected] 17 Keywords: expansin, virulence, glycoside hydrolase, Cucurbita, Erwinia, squash, plant 18 cell wall, cellulose, pectin, horizontal gene transfer, plant pathogen, xylem 19 20 Author Contributions: JR and LRS conceived of the study. JR designed and conducted 21 molecular protocols and lab experiments. LRS conducted computational analyses and 22 performed experiments. JR, LRS and RK interpreted experimental data. JR and LRS 23 wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and JR, LRS and RK added critical revisions. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681643; this version posted July 2, 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Eukaryota Fungi Bacteria
    Streptomyces-antibioticus Streptomyces-griseus Streptomyces-lincolnensis Streptomyces-phaeochromogenes Streptomyces-scabiei Streptomyces-violaceoruber Streptomyces-viridochromogenes Streptomyces-griseoruber Streptomyces-sclerotialus Streptomyces-olivochromogenes Streptomyces-cellulosae Streptomyces-chartreusis Streptomyces-cattleya Streptomyces-galbus Streptomyces-caelestis Streptomyces-subrutilus Streptomyces-acidiscabies Streptomyces-diastatochromogenes Streptomyces-neyagawaensis Streptomyces-canus Streptomyces-yerevanensis Streptomyces-afghaniensis Streptomyces-bicolor Streptomyces-cellostaticus Streptomyces-griseorubiginosus Streptomyces-phaeopurpureus Streptomyces-prasinus Streptomyces-prunicolor Streptomyces-pseudovenezuelae Streptomyces-resistomycificus Streptomyces Streptomyces-iakyrus Streptomyces-katrae Streptomyces-mirabilis Streptomyces-peruviensis Streptomyces-regalis Streptomyces-torulosus Streptomyces-turgidiscabies Streptomyces-ipomoeae Streptomyces-phaeoluteigriseus Streptomyces-curacoi Streptomyces-azureus Streptomyces-europaeiscabiei Streptomyces-stelliscabiei Streptomyces-puniciscabiei Streptomyces-aureus Streptomyces-ossamyceticus Streptomyces-variegatus Streptomyces-roseochromogenus Streptomyces-xylophagus Streptomyces-sviceus Streptomyces-fulvoviolaceus Streptomyces-bungoensis Streptomyces-erythrochromogenes Streptomycetaceae Streptomyces-davaonensis Streptomyces-olindensis Streptomyces-rubellomurinus Streptomyces-indicus Streptomyces-caeruleatus Streptomyces-hokutonensis Streptomyces-humi Streptomyces-jeddahensis
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Characterisation of the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Maize
    Molecular characterisation of the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak of maize NJJ Niemann 21114900 Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Magister Scientiae in Environmental Sciences at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University Supervisor: Prof CC Bezuidenhout Co-supervisor: Prof BC Flett May 2015 Declaration I declare that this dissertation submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Sciences at the North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, has not been previously submitted by me for a degree at this or any other university, that it is my own work in design and execution, and that all material contained herein has been duly acknowledged. __________________________ __________________ NJJ Niemann Date ii Acknowledgements Thank you God for giving me the strength and will to complete this dissertation. I would like to thank the following people: My father, mother and brother for all their contributions and encouragement. My family and friends for their constant words of motivation. My supervisors for their support and providing me with the platform to work independently. Stefan Barnard for his input and patience with the construction of maps. Dr Gupta for his technical assistance. Thanks to the following organisations: The Maize Trust, the ARC and the NRF for their financial support of this research. iii Abstract All members of the genus Xanthomonas are considered to be plant pathogenic, with specific pathovars infecting several high value agricultural crops. One of these pathovars, X. campestris pv. zeae (as this is only a proposed name it will further on be referred to as Xanthomonas BLSD) the causal agent of bacterial leaf steak of maize, has established itself as a widespread significant maize pathogen within South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Reclassification of Xanthomonas
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNALOF SYSTEMA~CBACTERIOLOGY, July 1995, p. 472-489 Vol. 45, No. 3 0020-7713/95/$04.00+ 0 Copyright 0 1995, International Union of Microbiological Societies Reclassification of Xanthomonas L. VAUTERIN," B. HOSTE, K. KERSTERS, AND J. SWINGS Laboratorium voor Microbiologe, Universiteit Gent, €3-9000 Ghent, Belgium A comprehensive DNA-DNA hybridization study was performed by using 183 strains of the genus Xanthomo- nus. This genus was shown to comprise 20 DNA homology groups which are considered genomic species. Four groups corresponded to the previously described species Xanthomonas albilineans, Xanthomonas fiagariae, Xanthomonas oryzae, and Xanthomonas populi. The previously described species Xanthomonas campestris was heterogeneous and was divided into 16 DNA homology groups. One of these groups exhibited a high level of DNA homology with Xanthomonas axonopodis. The 62 pathovars represented in this study were. allocated to appropriate species. Our results, together with previous taxonomic data, supported a comprehensive revision of the classification of the genus Xanthomonas. The species X. albilineans, X. jiagarke, X. oryme, and X. populi are not affected. The type species of the genus,X. campestris (Pammell895) Dowson 1939, is emended to include only the pathovars obtained from crucifers (i.e., X. campestris pv. aberrans, X. campestris pv. armoraciae, X. campestris pv. barbareae, X. campestris pv. campestris, X. campestris pv. incanae, and X. campestris pv. raphani). X. axonopodis Starr and Garces 1950 is emended to include 34 former X. campestris pathovars. The following species names are proposed Xanthomonas arboricola sp. nov., including X. arboricolu pv. corylina, X. arboricola pv. juglandis, X. arboricola pv. poinsettiicola (type C strains of the former X.
    [Show full text]
  • Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the “Dangerous
    Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland1 Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the “Dangerous Activities” Categories Jens H. Kuhn July 2005 CISSM School of Public Policy This paper was prepared as part of the Advanced Methods of Cooperative Security Program at the Center 4113 Van Munching Hall for International and Security Studies at Maryland, with generous support from the MacArthur Foundation University of Maryland and the Sloan Foundation. College Park, MD 20742 Tel: (301) 405-7601 [email protected] 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE “DANGEROUS ACTIVITIES” CATEGORIES DEFINED BY THE CISSM CONTROLLING DANGEROUS PATHOGENS PROJECT WORKING PAPER (July 31, 2005) Jens H. Kuhn, MD, ScD (Med. Sci.), MS (Biochem.) Contact Address: New England Primate Research Center Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Harvard Medical School 1 Pine Hill Drive Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA Phone: (508) 786-3326 Fax: (508) 786-3317 Email: [email protected] 3 OBJECTIVE The Controlling Dangerous Pathogens Project of the Center for International Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM) outlines a prototype oversight system for ongoing microbiological research to control its possible misapplication. This so-called Biological Research Security System (BRSS) foresees the creation of regional, national, and international oversight bodies that review, approve, or reject those proposed microbiological research projects that would fit three BRSS-defined categories: Potentially Dangerous Activities (PDA), Moderately Dangerous Activities (MDA), and Extremely Dangerous Activities (EDA). It is the objective of this working paper to assess these categories qualitatively and quantitatively. To do so, published US research of the years 2000-present (early- to mid-2005) will be screened for science reports that would have fallen under the proposed oversight system had it existed already.
    [Show full text]
  • Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the "Dangerous
    Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland1 Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the “Dangerous Activities” Categories Jens H. Kuhn July 2005 CISSM School of Public Policy This paper was prepared as part of the Advanced Methods of Cooperative Security Program at the Center 4113 Van Munching Hall for International and Security Studies at Maryland, with generous support from the MacArthur Foundation University of Maryland and the Sloan Foundation. College Park, MD 20742 Tel: (301) 405-7601 [email protected] 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE “DANGEROUS ACTIVITIES” CATEGORIES DEFINED BY THE CISSM CONTROLLING DANGEROUS PATHOGENS PROJECT WORKING PAPER (July 31, 2005) Jens H. Kuhn, MD, ScD (Med. Sci.), MS (Biochem.) Contact Address: New England Primate Research Center Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Harvard Medical School 1 Pine Hill Drive Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA Phone: (508) 786-3326 Fax: (508) 786-3317 Email: [email protected] 3 OBJECTIVE The Controlling Dangerous Pathogens Project of the Center for International Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM) outlines a prototype oversight system for ongoing microbiological research to control its possible misapplication. This so-called Biological Research Security System (BRSS) foresees the creation of regional, national, and international oversight bodies that review, approve, or reject those proposed microbiological research projects that would fit three BRSS-defined categories: Potentially Dangerous Activities (PDA), Moderately Dangerous Activities (MDA), and Extremely Dangerous Activities (EDA). It is the objective of this working paper to assess these categories qualitatively and quantitatively. To do so, published US research of the years 2000-present (early- to mid-2005) will be screened for science reports that would have fallen under the proposed oversight system had it existed already.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Phylo-Taxono Genomics Reveals Xylella As a Variant Lineage of Plant Associated Xanthomonas with Stenotrophomonas and Pseudo
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.22.457248; this version posted August 23, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Deep phylo-taxono genomics reveals Xylella as a variant lineage of plant associated Xanthomonas with Stenotrophomonas and Pseudoxanthomonas as misclassified relatives Kanika Bansal1^, Sanjeet Kumar1^, Amandeep Kaur1, Anu Singh1, Prabhu B. Patil1* *1Bacterial Genomics and Evolution Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh. ^Equal Contribution *Corresponding author Prabhu B. Patil Email: [email protected] Keywords Xanthomonadaceae, plant pathogen, variant-lineage, whole-genome sequencing, comparative genomics Abstract Genus Xanthomonas is a group of phytopathogens which is phylogenetically related to Xylella, Stenotrophomonas and Pseudoxanthomonas following diverse lifestyles. Xylella is a lethal plant pathogen with highly reduced genome, atypical GC content and is taxonomically related to these three genera. Deep phylo-taxono-genomics reveals that Xylella is a variant Xanthomonas lineage that is sandwiched between Xanthomonas species. Comparative studies suggest the role of unique pigment and exopolysaccharide gene clusters in the emergence of Xanthomonas and Xylella clades. Pan genome analysis identified set of unique genes associated with sub-lineages representing plant associated Xanthomonas clade and nosocomial origin Stenotrophomonas. Overall, our study reveals importance to reconcile classical phenotypic data and genomic findings in reconstituting taxonomic status of these four genera. Significance Statement Xylella fastidiosa is a devastating pathogen of perennial dicots such as grapes, citrus, coffee, and olives.
    [Show full text]
  • Tonin Marianaferreira D.Pdf
    ii iii Nas grandes batalhas da vida, o primeiro passo para a vitória é o desejo de vencer. Mahatma Gandhi iv Aos meus pais, Fernando e Ana Margarida, meus maiores exemplos de caráter, dedicação e responsabilidade nos estudos e na profissão, de solidariedade e respeito, de fé, esperança e luta nos momentos mais difíceis e, principalmente, de amor incondicional, sendo sempre presentes na vida dos filhos. Simplesmente os melhores pais do mundo (in memorian). Ao meu marido, Umberto, que está ao meu lado em todos os momentos com seu amor, sua calma, e com seu apoio e incentivo. Ao meu filho, Bruno, luz, amor e razão da minha vida. Dedico v AGRADECIMENTOS À Profa. Dra. Suzete Aparecida Lanza Destéfano, Susi, por todos estes anos de ensinamentos, amizade, carinho, conselhos, apoio nas horas difíceis e, principalmente, pela confiança que sempre teve em mim e em meu trabalho. Com ela aprendi a adorar o que faço, vibrar com cada resultado e ter a certeza da minha escolha profissional. Desde a iniciação científica, há quase doze anos, construímos além de uma relação profissional, uma grande amizade. Ao Dr. Júlio Rodrigues Neto, curador da Coleção de Culturas de Fitobactérias do Instituto Biológico (IBSBF), pelo fornecimento das linhagens utilizadas neste estudo, pelas sugestões, conselhos, amizade e confiança. À agência financiadora Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) pelo suporte financeiro do projeto e concessão da bolsa de Doutorado. Ao Prof. Dr. Ricardo Harakava (Laboratório de Bioquímica Fitopatológica do Instituto Biológico) pelo sequenciamento das amostras. Ao Prof. Dr. Fabiano Thompson (UFRJ) pelos primers utilizados neste estudo.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomics-Informed Design of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Detection of Phytopathogenic Xanthomonas Arboricola Pv
    Plant Pathology (2012) Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02654.x Genomics-informed design of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of phytopathogenic Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni at the intraspecific level A. Bu¨hlmanna, J. F. Pothiera, J. A. Tomlinsonb, J. E. Freya, N. Boonhamb*, T. H. M. Smitsa and B. Duffya aPlant Protection Division, Agroscope Changins-Wa¨denswil ACW, 8820 Wa¨denswil, Switzerland; and bThe Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK The objective of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive detection assay for the quarantine pathogen Xanthomonas arbo- ricola pv. pruni, causal agent of stone fruit bacterial spot, an economically important disease of Prunus spp. Unique targets were identified from X. arboricola pv. pruni genomes using a comparative genomics pipeline of other Xanthomonas species, subspecies and pathovars, and used to identify specific diagnostic markers. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was then applied to these markers to provide rapid, sensitive and specific detection. The method developed showed unrivalled specificity with the 79 tested strains and, in contrast to previously established techniques, distinguished between phylogenetically close subspecies such as X. arboricola pv. corylina. The sensitivity of this test is comparable to that of a pre- ) viously reported TaqManÔ assay at 103 CFU mL 1, while the unrivalled speed of LAMP technology enables a positive result to be obtained in <15 min. The developed assay can be usedwithreal-timefluorescent detectors for quantitative results as well as with DNA-staining dyes to function as a simplified strategy for on-site pathogen detection. Keywords: bacterial spot, comparative genomics, LAMP, Xanthomonas arboricola pv.
    [Show full text]