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On the Spot Study of Water Situation in Drought Affected Areas of Country by Technical Team Comprising of Officers from Ewe and CGWB

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On the Spot Study of Water Situation in Drought Affected Areas of Country by Technical Team Comprising of Officers from Ewe and CGWB भारत सरकार Government of India के न्दर्ीय जल आयोग Central Water Commission मौके पर दशे के सखाू पर्भािवत क्षतर्े म पानी की िस्थित की अध्ययन िरपोटर् (2015-16) REPORT ON ON THE SPOT STUDYOF WATER SITUATION IN DROUGHT AFFECTED AREAS OF THE COUNTRY (2015-16) िसचाईं आयोजन सगठनं IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION जल पर्बधनं िनदशालये WATER MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE जून, 2016 June, 2016 INDEX No. Description Page No. PART‐I Executive Summary 1 1. General 3 Drought during 2015‐16 3 2. Region wise drought situation 4 Northern Region 4 Southern Region 5 Central Region 9 Eastern Region 12 Western Region 13 3. Overall Water Scarcity scenario in country and 18 Recommendations for Solutions PART‐II: Annexures 1. Annex I- MoWR,RD&GR dated 25.4.2016 21 2. Annex II- CWC Director (TC) letter dated 02.5.2016 22 3. Annex III- CWC advisory dated 2.06.2015 23 4. Annex IV- CWC advisory dated 12.4.2016 26 PART‐III: Appendix I. Report of Technical team on Rajasthan 29 II. Report of Technical team on Telangana 49 III. Water scarcity report on Karnataka 86 IV. Report of Technical team on Andhra Pradesh 109 V. Water scarcity report on Tamil Nadu 132 VI. Report of Technical team on Uttar Pradesh 148 VII. Report of Technical team on Bundelkhand 181 VIII. Report of Technical team on Odisha 206 IX. Report of Technical team on Gujarat 237 X. Report of Technical team on Maharashtra 244 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Over 60-70% of our country is vulnerable to drought. The distribution of the rainfall in the country varies greatly in time as well as space, and such variations have caused extreme events of droughts and floods in country. During year 2015-16, drought like situation/Water scarcity has prevailed in states namely Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and Rajasthan in selected districts and in Gujarat, some Districts felt semi water scarcity. Main Cause of Water Scarcity Main cause of water scarcity in country is consecutive failure of monsoon, resulting low storages in dams, during last two years. Rainfall deficit in country as a whole during 2015 was 14% and in 2014, it was 12%. Earlier, year 2012 was also a rainfall deficit year with 11% deficit. At the end of monsoon season 2015 i.e. as on 30th Sept 2015, available live storage in 91 reservoirs under CWC monitoring was 95.693 BCM against the total live capacity of 157.799 BCM of these 91 reservoirs. While as on 30thSept 2014, available live storage was 124.607 BCM, and as on 30th Sept 2013, it was 137.077 BCM. Storage in Reservoirs under CWC Monitoring As per CWC reservoir storage bulletin of 91 reservoirs dated 26th May 2016, reservoirs namely NagarjunaSagar [A. P. & Telangana]; Bhima (Ujjaini), Jayakwadi, Girna, Dudhganga and Yeldari [Maharashtra]; Kabini [Karnataka], Sholayar [Tamil Nadu] have no live storage. Most of the other reservoirs also have live storage less than the average of last 10 years live storage. Suggested Measures for Water Scarcity Mitigations Various long/short term measures (being taken up and to be taken up) to mitigate water scarcity situation have been recommended by technical teams, which are region/area/state specific. However, construction of water harvesting structures, mass awareness among citizens for water conservation, construction of new water storage structures, interlinking of rivers, renovation and repair of existing water bodies are commonly recommended measures. Steps Taken by MOWR, RD&GR and CWC As per constitutional provisions, water resources projects are constructed, maintained and operated by respective state Government agencies. In view of likely water scarcity situation, Central Water Commission issued advisories to state Government authorities for judicious use of available water. MoWR, RD&GR constituted technical Page 1 teams comprising officers of Central Water Commission, Central Ground Water Board and State Water Resources Department to submit their report on water scarcity situation till June 2016. It has been reported that minimum domestic water requirement are being met in all water scarce areas. Completion of the ongoing / proposed water resources schemes are likely to contribute in tackling the water scarcity in future. In this regard following steps have been taken by the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation: 1. Technical / financial assistance to the State Governments through schemes e.g. Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme (AIBP) and Repair, Renovation and Restoration (RRR) of Water Bodies. 99 projects have been identified to be completed by 2020under AIBP. 2. To enhance physical access of water on farm and to improve on farm water use efficiency, Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) has been launched. 3. Funding of Major and medium irrigation/multipurpose irrigation projects under PMKSY-AIBP and RRR of Water Bodies, Surface Minor Irrigation (SMI) projects and Command Area Development and Water Management (CADWM) projects under PMKSY-Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP). 4. Jal Kranti Abhiyan (2015-16 to 2017-18) to consolidate efforts for making water conservation and management a mass movement in the country involving all stakeholders. Current Year Forecast for Rain by IMD This year, IMD has issued long range forecast for the 2016 Southwest Monsoon Season Rainfall, predicting quantitatively monsoon seasonal rainfall 106% of long period average with a model error +/- 5%. Hence water scarcity situation is expected to improve in coming months. Page 2 1.0 General Over 60-70% of our country is vulnerable to drought. In the past, drought in India have periodically led to major Indian famines resulting in tens of millions of deaths over the course of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries e.g. Bengal famine of 1770 decimating about one third of the population in affected areas and 1876–1877 famine in which over five million people died. The distribution of the rainfall in the country varies greatly in time as well as space and such variations have caused extreme events of droughts and floods in country. Every year almost all the reservoirs in India approach minimum live storage levels during May and June. The meagre storages available in May and June are just adequate for drinking and pre-sowing / nursery preparations. Success of Kharif and Rabi irrigation depends upon inflows during June – October period. An adequate storage of grains and efficient transportation system has reduced cause of deaths but scarcity of water affects all spheres of human life. Rainfall received during southwest summer monsoon is main source of water for Indian subcontinent and surface water as well ground water recharge is dependent upon good monsoon. The requirements of food and fodder as well as drinking and industrial water are met mainly from water stored during the monsoon period. 1.1 Drought during year 2015-16 During year 2015-16, drought has been declared by states namely Karnataka (both Kharif and Rabi), Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh (both Kharif and Rabi), Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and Rajasthan. Gujarat has also declared some areas as scarcity and some other states have also experienced low rainfall and water scarcity. To assess the drought situation and to take necessary steps, Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation vide order no. T- 28021/1/2016-GW Desk dated 25.4.2016 (copy enclosed at Annex I) conveyed constitution of Technical Teams comprising of officers from CWC, CGWB and State Water Resources Department for on the spot study of water situation in drought affected / water scarce regions/areas of Country as and when such situation arises. Accordingly, vide CWC letter no. CWC/TC/G-12/2015/dated 02.5.2016 all field Chief Engineers were directed to prepare the reports as per TORs mentioned in MoWR RD&GR’ s order dated 25.4.2016 (copy enclosed at Annex II). Page 3 Earlier Chief Engineer, Human Resources Management, CWC vide No. CE (HRM)/Misc/2016 dated 12.4.16 requested field Chief Engineers to prepare the reports of certain regions facing shortage of water. Technical Teams constituted by MoWR RD&GR”s as mentioned above, visited various states/regions and submitted their reports.Reports of areas of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu have been received in response to CE, HRM, CWC letter dated 12.4.16. 2.0 Region-wise Drought situation Central Water Commission is issuing a reservoirs storage bulletin on weekly basis indicating live storage details of 91 reservoirs of the country. These 91 reservoirs have been taken from the different regions and accordingly the drought situation has been analysed on the basis of storage position, rainfall data and other inputs provided in the Region/State/District specific reports mentioned in above Paras. 2.1 Northern Region As per CWC reservoir monitoring, the northern region includes States of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Rajasthan. There are 6 reservoirs under CWC monitoring in northern region having total live storage capacity of 18.01 BCM. The storage position of these six reservoirs on timeline from 30.9.15 to till date on 26.05.16 is given in table below: LIVE STORAGE AS LIVE STORAGE LIVE STORAGE LIVE STORAGE ON Sept 30 (BCM) AS ON Dec 31 (BCM) AS ON Mar 31 (BCM) AS ON May 26 (BCM) REGION/ STATE Monitored FRL(BCM) AVG. AVG. AVG. AVG. AVG. YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR No of Reservoirs Reservoirs No of LIVE CAPACITY AT AT CAPACITY LIVE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT LAST YEAR LAST YEAR LAST YEAR LAST YEAR LAST 10 YRS. LAST 10 YRS. LAST 10 YRS. LAST 10 YRS. H.P. 12.39 2 11.23 10.00 10.77 7.56 6.11 7.17 3.04 3.73 3.70 2.24 4.91 3.17 PUNJAB 2.34 1 1.36 1.46 1.60 0.55 0.96 1.07 0.51 0.99 0.77 0.77 1.96 1.16 RAJASTHAN 3.28 3 2.93 3.24 2.72 1.66 1.83 1.87 0.94 1.04 1.02 0.89 0.84 0.96 SUB-TOTAL 18.01 6 15.52 14.70 15.09 9.76 8.91 10.11 4.48 5.75 5.49 3.91 7.70 5.29 It is clear from the above table that at the end of last monsoon season i.e.
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